Science 4th, UNIT 2
SCIENCE 4th grade
UNIT 2
The LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM Teacher: J. César Brazo
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
1
Science 4th, UNIT 2
The LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM First, let's remember a little bit...
our BODY has got different
SYSTEMS that carry out different
functions
and are formed by different
ORGANS
(nutrition, sentivity, reproduction...)
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
2
Science 4th, UNIT 2
Locomotor System FUNCTION
ORGANS
Permits us to MOVE
Bones Muscles Joints Ligaments Etc.
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
3
Science 4th, UNIT 2
SKELETAL SYSTEM is made up of... ALL THE BONES,
GIVE SHAPE TO OUR BODY
JOINTS,
KEEP OUR BODY UPRIGHT
TENDONS,
PERMIT US TO MOVE
and LIGAMENTS
PROTECT DELICATE ORGANS
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
functions...
4
Science 4th, UNIT 2
We have more than 200 bones.
They are in...
Our HEAD, TRUNK and
LIMBS
FUNCTIONS
Holds up our body
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
Protects delicate parts
Helps move us
5
Science 4th, UNIT 2
skull bones esternum
humerus
ribs
vertebrae ulna
radius
pa rie tal
Most important bones in the HEAD, TRUNK and LIMBS
frontal
nasal
hand bones
pelvis
tibia
femur
lower jawbone
fibula
foot bones
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
6
Science 4th, UNIT 2
MAIN BODY BONES
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
7
Science 4th, UNIT 2
The place where two bones meet
JOINTS MOVABLE Permit important movements like the knee, elbow, wirst, shoulder...
SEMIMOVABLE Permit small movements vertebrae in the backbone
FIXED They don't permit any movement bones in the skull
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
8
Science 4th, UNIT 2
MOST IMPORTANT BODY JOINTS Shoulder
Elbow Wrist
Hip
Knee
Ankle
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
9
Science 4th, UNIT 2
PARTS OF A JOINT Bone
Cartilage - Elastic tissue - Protects bones and joints
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
Ligaments
Bone
- Strong and flexible tissue - Hold bones together
10
Science 4th, UNIT 2
biceps
MUSCLES
ab
do
m
in
al
s
Voluntary Muscles: We move them when whenever we want They're attached to our bones
Involuntary Muscles: the heart
FUNCTIONS
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
We move them without thinking of it They are related to important functions But they DON'T BELONG to the LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM
- It gives shape to our body - Permit us to move - Some muscles protect organs
11
Science 4th, UNIT 2
most important BODY MUSCLES
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
12
Science 4th, UNIT 2
- They are strong and flexible - They attach muscles to bones
TENDONS Bone
Tendon Muscle
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
13
Science 4th, UNIT 2
HOW MUSCLES AND BONES WORK
Muscles contract: they become shorter and thicker Muscles relax: They become longer and thinner
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
14
Science 4th, UNIT 2
TO KEEP HARD AND STRONG, OUR BONES NEED... green leafy vegetables (brocoli, etc.)
salmon & sardines
diary products (milk products)
they are rich in calcium and other minerals
children's bones are growing up, so you need to have lots of calcium
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
15
Science 4th, UNIT 2
KEEP YOUR LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM HEALTHY
Keep a balanced diet an drink water Exercise safely
Exercise regularly Warm up before and cool down after exercising
El Tomillar, J.C. Brazo
16