SEED by Clemson School of Architecture

s e e d : social economic environmental design arch 892 / spring 2013 / lauren boulier & laura boykin

Y BEACH SITE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS

SOCIAL ECONOMICAL ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN

DUMPSTER

GRADUATE HOUSING PROJECT Located on the west entry to campus on the edge of Lake Hartwell, SEED [social economical environmental design] Housing proposes a new living paradigm for graduate students and faculty. Many come to Clemson for the rural, laid-back atmosphere it provides, but there are few areas in which to enjoy this lifestyle as a residential community. By injecting life into the area with residents, Y Beach could become the missing piece of the “Clemson Experience.” SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY To take advantage of the unique landscape, clusters of units are spread out to create smaller, close-knit communities distinct to the three site experiences of forest, lake and meadow. The location-specific combinations respond to existing vegetation, topography, views, privacy, and solar orientation. To encourage interaction with the landscape in this mild climate, outdoor spaces are given priority through offering three levels of green space: private terraces, shared courtyards, and public parks.

Y BEACH RECREATIONAL SITE

ECONOMICAL SUSTAINABILITY Scaled down indoor living offers economical benefits as well, which are crucial to the success of campus housing. Additionally, only two unit types – a single and a double – create the diverse combinations, making construction quick, low cost and easy without sacrificing uniqueness. The units consist of four exterior walls with a prefabricated core anchoring the center. The core contains all living functions and organizes the interior space. Passive and active design as well as CLT construction further support economic sustainability. ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY Smaller living spaces are also crucial to environmental sustainability, as they require significantly less energy. The highly insulated units are oriented North/South for optimal daylighting with controlled heat gain. Natural ventilation, a high efficiency geothermal heat pump, recycled materials, and CLT construction [a low-energy, low-waste and renewable method] all further this goal. PV panels and rainwater collection provide energy and water for all units. The entire development thus embraces a zero-energy concept as the future of sustainable campus housing.

A DJ ACENCIES RESEARCH RECREATION ACADEMIC

EXPERIENCES LAKE FOREST MEADOW

LE VELS OF GREENERY TERRACE COURTYARD PARK

DESIGN STRATEGY

THE HOUSING STANDARD

SIZE DOWN LIVING AREA

AVOID TYPICAL MULTI-FAMILY MASSING

OFFERS EFFICIENCY, LOWER COST AND LANDSCAPE PRESERVATION

SMALL COMMUNITIES

BREAK UP MASS TO CREATE CLOSE KNIT CLUSTERS

SHARED EXTERIOR SPACES

ENCOURAGE OUTDOOR LIVING WITH LARGE TERRACES, DOCKS, FIELDS AND COURTYARDS

COST ENERGY BUILD TIME COST ENERGY BUILD TIME

ORIENT N/S

OPTIMAL ORIENTATION FOR SOLAR CONTROL WITH FOREST, LAKE AND MEADOW VIEWS

SIMPLE UNIT + PREFAB CORE

FAST, STANDARDIZED AND LOW COST CONSTRUCTION

SELF-SUSTAINING

RAINWATER COLLECTION, PV POWER, GEOTHERMAL, DAYLIGHT, NATURAL VENTILATION, HIGHLY INSULATED, RECYCLED MATERIALS, SOLAR SHADING

LOW COST, ENERGY, & BUILD TIME ALL STRATEGIES WORK TOGETHER FOR EFFICIENT, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

LIVING UNITS

108

1 BED / 1 BATH

SINGLE UNIT 585 SF 1/4” = 1’-0”

2 BED / 1 BATH

DOUBLE UNIT 925 SF

3 BED / 2 BATH

TRIPLE UNIT 1550 SF

1/4” = 1’-0”

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10

LIVING ROOM KITCHEN DINING MECHANICAL BATHROOM

WASHER/DRYER CLOSET BEDROOM CLOSET STORAGE WALL TERRACE

7 8

4 5

6 2

3 1

LOFT 153 FT 2: FIXED LADDER FOR ACCESS

NUCLEUS / FUNCTIONS & SPACES 17’ x 9’

BATHROOM 56 FT 2: PEDESTAL SINK, TOILET, STANDING SHOWER

KITCHEN 13 LFT: 112 FT 3 STORAGE, ENERGY STAR: RANGE, FULL-SIZE REFRIGERATOR, MICROWAVE

DOUBLE UNIT

SINGLE UNIT

STORAGE & UTILITY CLOSET 23 FT 2: STACKING WASHER/DRYER, 5 LFT HANGING STORAGE

UNITS

CORE

TERRACE LIVING ROOM BEDROOM STORAGE WALL CIRCULATION CORE

CLOSET WASHER / DRYER KITCHEN BATHROOM MECHANICAL CHASE WET WALL

BEDROOMS

CIRCULATION

STORAGE WALLS

LIVING AREAS

TERRACES

PHOTOVOLTAICS

SUN PATH

ENERGY REQUIRED

AVERAGE PRECIPITATION

STEREOGRAPHIC SUNPATH clemson, south carolina hour lines are shown in solar time

KWH/YR

estimated yearly energy loads

10 20

10 N

30 40 50

60 70

DAYS

convert to kWh per day

6N 4N

HOURS

6.31 4.41

4.65

4.69

4.42

3.92

3.54

4.08

3.97

3.88

3.79

3.86

AUG

SEPT

OCT

NOV

DEC

average number of hours of sunlight in clemson, sc

S Difference between Solar Time and Local Mean Time 20 15

Equation of Time [mins]

USES

wasted energy factor

90%

-5 -10 -15 -20 Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

LESS HEAT

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

45% Nov

Dec

Jan

LESS ENERGY

JAN

50% LESS WATER

FEB

MAR

20%

APRIL

MAY

JUNE

JULY

LESS COST

SINGLE UNIT ITEM

W (EACH)

NO.

W (TOTAL)

HRS/DAY AVG HRS/YR

W/YR

KWH/YR

LEDS REFRIGERATOR DISHWASHER MICROWAVE COFFEE MAKER TOASTER TELEVISION COMPUTER (AVG) VACUUM CLEANER BLOW DRYER WASHING MACHINE CLOTHES DRYER HEAT PUMP HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM

10 60 300 800 900 700 150 100 650 1,000 200 512 750 20

10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

100 60 300 800 900 700 150 100 650 1000 200 512 750 40

6 24 0.25 0.05 0.05 0.05 3 6 0.1 0.05 0.25 0.25 6 10

219,000 525,600 27,375 14,600 16,425 12,775 164,250 219,000 23,725 18,250 18,250 46,720 1,215,000 146,000

219 526 27 15 16 13 164 219 24 18 18 47 1,215 146

SINGLE UNIT / 288,033 TOTAL

2,190 8,760 91 18 18 18 1,095 2,190 37 18 91 91 1,620 3,650

DOUBLE UNIT / 273,994 TOTAL

TRIPLE UNIT / 44,252 TOTAL

Month

THAN THE AVG HOME

convert to watts

÷ WATTS

90%

45%

individual panel wattage LESS HEAT

LESS ENERGY

50% LESS WATER

2,40090%

PV PANELS the complex has space for 2,500

45%

50%

panels on south facing roofs

LESS HEAT

LESS ENERGY

LESS WATER

RAINWATER COLLECTION

90% LESS HEAT

45%

50%

20%

20% LESS COST

VENTILATION

PV PANELS

OPERABLE WINDOWS AND CLEARSTORY PROVIDE FRESH AIR DISPLACEMENT VENTILATION SUPPLIES AT BOTTOM AND RETURNS AT TOP

ON SOUTH FACING ROOF

LESS COST

20%

GAL/MONTH LESS ENERGYestimated monthly waterLESS needs WATER

LESS COST

for the complex

DAYLIGHTING SOUTHERN OVERHANGS PREVENT HEAT GAIN IN SUMMER LOW WINTER SUN HEATS UNIT IN COLDER MONTHS

INCHES/MONTH average monthly precipitation

÷ INCHES

convert to feet

RAINWATER COLLECTION

ANGLED ROOFS SHED WATER INTO GUTTERS AND DOWNSPOUTS PIPES TRANSPORT WATER TO CISTERN

FT 2 collection surface

NORTHERN ORIENTATION average efficiency of collection surface

× GAL/FT 3

convert to gallons

244,097

GALLONS/MONTH

rainwater collection could meet 73% of the complex’s needs

RAINWATER CISTERN DURING MARCH, THE WETTEST MONTH, 11,165 GALLONS CAN BE CAPTURED EACH DAY THEREFORE EACH OF THE 16 CLUSTERS NEEDS A 700 GALLON CISTERN FOR STORAGE AVG PREFABRICATED 700 GALLON CISTERN MEASURES 79” HIGH X 62” DEEP X 82” WIDE

HIGH EFFICIENCY GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP SUPPLIES HEAT PUMP FOR AIR HEATING/COOLING AND HOT WATER HEATING ECONOMICAL IN MODERATE CLIMATES AND VERY EFFECTIVE IN HUMID AREAS HORIZONTAL CLOSED-LOOP SYSTEM SUPPORTS 3 HEAT PUMPS (1 SYSTEM FOR EACH CLUSTER)

HVAC + PLUMBING SYSTEMS

STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS MECH / PLUMBING

VERTIC AL LOADS

ALL-IN-ONE SYSTEM CONTAINED IN CONDITIONED CORE

3-PLY WALL PANELS 5-PLY WALL PANEL

HIGH EFFICIENCY GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP 2-6 TONS / 63” HIGH X 32” WIDE X 27” DEEP MAX UP TO 31.1 EER

5-PLY ROOF PANELS 5-PLY FLOOR PANELS

HOT WATER HEATING 40-60 GALLON WATER TANKS / 22” DIAMETER BY 62” HIGH MAX

FOR LONGER SPANS IN DOUBLE UNIT BEAM - 25’ 10” LONG / 7” X 12” COLUMN - 7” X 7” CLOSET CLT WALLS

SUP PLY / INTAKE DISPLACEMENT VENTILATION SUPPLY AT FLOOR 12” ROUND DUCT WORK AT LARGEST, 20’ MAXIMUM TRAVEL DISTANCE NATURAL VENTILATION OPERABLE CLEARSTORY AND WINDOWS FOR NATURAL VENTILATION

SHEAR LOADS SHEAR WALLS CLT PROVIDES DIMENSIONAL STABILITY AND RIGIDITY AS WELL AS GOOD DUCTILE BEHAVIOR AND ENERGY DISSIPATION 3-PLY WALL PANELS 5-PLY WALL PANEL 5-PLY ROOF PANELS 5-PLY FLOOR PANELS

RETURN / EXHAUST DISPLACEMENT VENTILATION RETURN AT CEILING NATURAL CONVECTION MOVES WARM AIR UP AND OUT OF VOLUME 12” ROUND DUCT WORK AT LARGEST, 20’ MAXIMUM TRAVEL DISTANCE NATURAL VENTILATION OPERABLE CLEARSTORY AND WINDOWS FOR NATURAL VENTILATION ENERGY RECOVERY VENTILATOR (ERV) RECOVERS ENERGY USUALLY LOST THROUGH EXHAUST NECESSARY DUE TO AIRTIGHT CONSTRUCTION

LIVE LOADS 5-PLY FLOOR PANELS BEAM UNDER FLOOR OF DOUBLE SUPPORTS LONGER FLOOR SPANS TOP OF CUBE ON TOP FLOOR INHABITABLE

WINTER / SUN STUDIES

9 AM

4 PM

SUMMER / SUN STUDIES

9 AM

4 PM

KCED FOOR ELBALIAN-NON REVO E N A R B M E M G N I F O O R P R E TAW D E D U R T X E S UL P W C R - H G I H F O S L E N AP 3 ) 1 5 : E UL AV - R ( N O I TA L U S N I M A O R D I G I R E N E R Y T S YL O P

20’

R E I R R A B R O P AV

11’

28’

ARDSCAPE

RAILINGS

19’

CLT SPANS & SIZES

IMAL HARDSCAPE ITH PERMEABLE OUND COVERINGS; VIOUS CONCRETE

”0-’1 = ”4/3

) 8 : E UL AV - R ( L E N AP TL C YL P - 5 ,” 6

10’

BENEFITS OF CLT CONSTRUCTION

SINGLE UNIT: 19’ X 48’ DOUBLE UNIT: 28’ X 48’ GROUND LEVEL, MAX PANEL SIZE: 10’ X 11’ TOP LEVEL, MAX PANEL SIZE: 10’ X 20’ SINGLE UNIT, ROOF PANELS: 8.75’ X 19’ DOUBLE UNIT, ROOF PANELS: 8.75’ X 28’ PRE-CUT FOR FAST AND EFFICIENT ASSEMBLY

STEEL FRAME & CABLE ROPE TO SECURE DOUBLE HEIGHT SPACES, BUT NOT HINDER VIEWS

20’

DESIGN FLEXIBILITY FAST INSTALLATION THERMAL PERFORMANCE AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY COST EFFECTIVENESS ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES FIRE PROTECTION ACOUSTIC PERFORMANCE SEISMIC AND WIND PERFORMANCE

20’

11’

28’

10’

11’

10’

ROOF SYSTEM SLOPE @ 1/4”/1’ HIP FLASHING, 6” CLOSURE STRIP TO KEEP OUT RAIN & INSECTS STANDING SEAM ROOF WITH NAIL STRIPS FOR USE OVER NON-NAILABLE ROOF DECK WATERPROOFING MEMBRANE

20’

B LONGITUDINAL SECTION ASSEMBLY & DRAINAGE SYSTEM

3 PANELS OF HIGH-R CW PLUS EXTRUDED POLYSTYRENE RIGID ROAM INSULATION (R-VALUE: 51) 3/4” = 1’-0”

11’

CLT

N O I T C E N N OC E N I P S L A N R E T N I E N I L P S L VL

S W E R C S TL C

VAPOR BARRIER 6”, 5-PLY CLT PANEL (R-VALUE: 8)

10’

OW-REFLECTIVITY ALUMINUM CORRUGATED ROOFING ANELS WITH NATURAL MILL FINISH, SLOPE @ 1/4”/1’

ECESSED ROOF GUTTER

ATERPROOFING MEMBRANE LOCKING AS REQUIRED OOD FASCIA

CLT

MM POLYETHYLENE VAPOR BARRIER ONTINUOUS ABOVE CLT ROOF PANELS ASHING

INTERNAL SPINE CONNECTION CLERESTORY WINDOW SYSTEM

LVL SPLINE CLT SCREWS

TRIPLE GLAZED, LOW-E GLASS WITH ARGON GAS, U-FACTOR: 0.15; VISIBLE TRANSMITTANCE: 0.65, AIR LEAKAGE: 0.15 FLASHING

LE WINDOW

SILL ASSEMBLY

GON GAS, CE: 0.65, AIR

1 M E T S Y S G N I R O OL F E C A R R E T A I C S AF L A T E M GNIHSALF E T E R C N OC T E S N I H T G N I K C E D L AT E M ) 8 : E UL AV - R ( L E N AP TL C YL P - 5 ,” 6

ALL-TO-FLOOR

GNIFOORP DNUOS DEZIREBBUR ENARBMEM

TERRACE FLOORING SYSTEM

N O I T C E N N OC E N I P S L A N R E T N I E N I L P S L VL S W E R C S TL C

METAL FASCIA FLASHING THINSET CONCRETE METAL DECKING 6”, 5-PLY CLT PANEL (R-VALUE: 8)

HIGH-R CW M INSULATION SYSTEM

INTERNAL SPINE CONNECTION

LVL SPLINE CLT SCREWS

EXTERIOR SCREEN SYSTEM 2x6 EXTRUDED METAL PROFILE 2x6 NOMINAL LUMBER SCREEN @ 6” O/C , L-BRACKETS FASTENING SCREEN TO CLADDING SYSTEM, PLACED @ 2’-0” O/C

EVENT CLT PANELS

HIGH-R CW M INSULATION

3 UOUS

RUBBERIZED SOUND PROOFING MEMBRANE

SWEIV REDNIH

Y G OL O P Y T

N O I TA L U S N I M A O F

S T N E M T R AP M O C

H T I W S S A L G E - W OL SAG NOGRA

ROIRETNI SA LLEW SA SEDAHS RALOS

SEHSINIF ROIRETNI

’02

’11

’01

TLC

N O I T C E S L A N I D U T I G N OL B

”0-’1 = ”2/1 1

L I AT E D F O O R O T L L A W 1

”0-’1 = ”4/3

M E T S Y S E G A N I A R D & YL B M E S S A F O O R G N I F O O R D E TA G U R R O C M U N I M UL A Y T I V I T C E L F E R -W OL ’ 1 / ” 4 / 1 @ E P OL S , H S I N I F L L I M L A R U TA N H T I W S L E N AP

M U N I M U L A Y T I V I T C E L F E R - W OL H T I W S L E N AP G N I F O O R D E TA G U R R O C H S I N I F L L I M L A R U TA N

RETTUG FOOR DESSECER E N A R B M E M G N I F O O R P R E TAW D E R I U Q E R S A G N I K C OL B

A I C S AF D O O W L I AT E D YL B M E S S A F O O R TL C

A I C S AF D O O W

TLC

8 9 . 0 6 : E U L A V - R YL B M E S S A F O O R L AT O T

R E I R R A B R O P AV E N E L Y H T E YL O P M M 6 S L E N AP F O O R TL C E V O B A S U O U N I T N O C GNIHSALF

T S Y S W O D N I W Y R OT S E R E L C H T I W S S A L G E - W O L ,D E Z A L G E L P I R T E L B I S I V ; 5 1 . 0 : R O T C AF - U , S A G N O G R A 5 1 . 0 : E G A K A E L R I A , 5 6 . 0 : E C N AT T I M S N A R T

SWODNIW TNEMESA C G N I D A H S L A N O I T I D D A R O F L L I S P E E D ’1

GNIHSALF

WODNIW ELBA REPO HTIW WODNIW TNEMESA C ’8 x ’3 L E N AP P OT TA

YL B M E S S A L L I S

, S A G N O G R A H T I W S S A L G E - W O L ,D E Z A L G E L P I R T R I A , 5 6 . 0 : E C N AT T I M S N A R T E L B I S I V ; 5 1 . 0 : R O T C AF - U 51.0 :E GA K A E L

1 ”0-’1 = ”2/1 1

L I AT E D R O O L F O T L L A W 2

N O I T C E N N O C N O I TAD N U O F - OT-L E N AP TL C ) 5 : E UL AV - R ( L E N AP TL C YL P - 3 ,” 4 R O OL F - OT-L L AW T C E N N O C OT E TA L P L AT E M D E L A E C N O C S L E N AP TL C M E T S Y S TL O B D N A L E W O D T I F T H G I T

M E T S Y S G N I R O OL F D E TA L U S N I - D N U O S G N I R O OL F D O O W D R A H D E H S I N I F L A I R E TA M N O I TA L U S N I D N U O S C / O ” 8 1 @ S R E P E E L S R E B M UL W C R - H G I H R A L U M A O F G N I N R O C - S N E W O F O L E N AP 1 N O I TA L U S N I M A O F D I G I R E N E R Y T S YL O P D E D U R T X E S UL P METSYS REPEELS NEEW TEB NI SSENKCIHT ”2/1 2 @

8 9 . 0 6 : E U L A V - R YL B M E S S A L L A W L AT O T YL T C E R I D D E T N U O M D R A O B M U S P Y G ” 8 / 5 L E N AP TL C OT

) 8 : E UL AV - R ( L E N AP TL C YL P - 5 ,” 6

L L AW E G A R O T S R O F K R O W E S A C R O I R E T N I N O I T C E N N O C R O OL F - OT-L E N AP TL C METSYS NEERCS ROIRET XE

L A E V E R L AT E M ” 2

E L I F O R P L AT E M D E D U R T X E 6 x 2 , C / O ” 6 @ N E E R C S R E B M UL L A N I M O N 6 x 2 G N I D D A L C O T N E E R C S G N I N E T S AF S T E K C A R B - L C / O ” 0 - ’ 2 @ D E CA L P , M E T S Y S

”0-’1 = ”2/1 1

N O I T C E N N O C N O I TAD N U O F - OT-L E N AP TL C ) 5 : E UL AV - R ( L E N AP TL C YL P - 3 ,” 4 T N E V E R P OT E TA L P L L I S -T D E TA E R T E R U S S E R P ” 2 S L E N AP TL C OT E T E R C N O C M O R F R E F S N A R T E R U T S I O M M E T S Y S TL O B D N A L E W O D T I F T H G I T W C R - H G I H R A L U M A O F G N I N R O C - S N E W O F O L E N AP 1 N O I TA L U S N I M A O F D I G I R E N E R Y T S YL O P D E D U R T X E S UL P ) 2 1 : E U L A V - R L AT O T ( S S E N K C I H T ” 2 / 1 2 @

G N I TO O F S U O U N I T N OC H T I W E D A R G N O B A L S

L I AT E D N O I TA D N U O F 3 5 6 . 1 3 : E U L A V - R YL B M E S S A L L A W L AT O T M E T S Y S G N I D D A L C L E N AP D O O W F O S E D I S H TO B N O G N I H TA E H S M U S P Y G E C AP S R I A YL B M E S S A N E E R C S N I A R R O F E C AP S R I A R A L U M A O F G N I N R O C - S N E W O F O S L E N AP 2 E N E R Y T S YL O P D E D U R T X E S UL P W C R - H G I H H CA E ” 2 / 1 2 @ N O I TA L U S N I M A O F D I G I R ) 4 2 : E U L A V - R L AT O T ( D E R I U Q E R S A G N I K C OL B L E N AP TL C YL P - 3 ,” 4 ) 5 : E U L AV - R (

S U O U N I T N O C R E I R R A B R O P AV E N E L Y H T E YL O P M M 6 G N I TO O F D N U O R A

N O I T C E N N O C N O I TA D N U O F - OT-L E N AP TL C

L L I F N I L E VA R G

N I H T H T I W G N I H TA E H S R O I R E T X E E T E R C N O C F O TA O C

E GA N I A R D E T I S

NOITCES ESREVSNART A

LAK E

LAKE TERRAC E

FO REST

FOR ES T TERRAC E

M E ADOW

MEADOW C OURTY ARD