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FRIday, JULY 4, 2014

COMING TO AMERICA JULY 4, 2014 • The Times Leader MEDIA GROUP

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FRIday, JULY 4, 2014

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FRIday, JULY 4, 2014

Slusarz ‘Coming to America’ via Utica, New York

Page 4

In 1991, a man wanted to honor his deceased parents by writing a 75th wedding anniversary announcement for the local paper.

The announcement detailed how his parents had made their way to this country from Italy.

The editor of that paper returned the announcement because the man’s parents no longer were alive.

That scene took place at the Spohr Observer-Dispatch in Utica, New York, where the man’s son — Tony Spina — worked as a sales executive. Disappointed that his grandparents’ story wouldn’t be told, Tony developed a way to get that story — and others like it — into print.

He created a special section called “Coming to America.” In it, families from across New York’s Mohawk Valley shared their stories and photos detailing the adversity faced by those immigrating to the United States.

Fast-forward 23 years, and Tony helped spearhead the section you may be holding in your hand — either in newsprint or on your smartphone — here at The Times Leader, where he’s our business development manager.

By his own admission, the Utica section was conceived to be “self-serving, and it shouldn’t have been,” Tony told me. Yet as more families took advantage of the newspaper’s request for stories and photos, the concept took on a life of its own.

“I was so moved by some of the stories of what people endured coming to America,” Tony said.

Throughout his career, he said he “always had it in the back of my mind” to give the section another life.

I’ve been similarly moved as I’ve read the stories that populate this section. Families have sent us wedding photos, intimate stories about losing loved ones, and other mementos.

In his note to readers on July 4, 1991, Tony wrote that the paper “was pleasantly overwhelmed by a windfall of stories, photos and documents from readers that tell the story of their journey to America.” I couldn’t have said it better myself. We received many dozens of stories from readers — and we’re printing as many as we can fit into this section.

As Tony did 23 years ago, I offer my sincere thanks to you, our readers, for making this section possible.

George Spohr is executive editor of The Times Leader Media Group.

He can be reached at gspohr@civitasmedia.com.

This Slusarz family picture shows Vincent, Veronica and Alfons in the front row; Stanislaw, Edward, MaryAnn, Jozefa, Chester, Helena and Florence in the second row; and Jadwiga, Frank and Frances in the third row.

Coal, silk provided jobs for Polish family

By Elaine May

Like many others, my Polish ancestors came to the United States in search of a better life for themselves and for their children. Stanislaw Michael Slusarz was one of those who envisioned such possibilities.

One of nine children of Adalbert and Anna (Cionek) Slusarz, Stanislaw was born in 1876 in Lipinki, Galicia, now modern-day Poland. At the age of 24, he boarded the S.S. Westernland, heading to Miners Mills to join his brother Antoni, who had previously emigrated to America.

He stayed in the United States for five years, and then returned to his homeland, marrying Helena Olbyrecht. In November 1909, Stanislaw left behind his bride and two young children (another had died at birth or shortly after), and set sail aboard the Graf Waldersee, arriving at Ellis Island with $32 in his pocket. He lived with his brother Antoni until he was joined by Helena and their daughters in May 1910.

Stanley worked as a miner for the Hudson Coal Company. He and Helen moved to their own home on Hillman Street, where they had 10 additional children. My grandfather, Frank, started out as a laborer in the silk mills, but eventually followed his father into coal mining, and then worked as a construction laborer as well as serving as church janitor after his father’s passing.

Other Slusarz men proudly served the country of their birth, enlisting in the Army, Navy and Marine Corps during World War II. Daughter Florence helped the war effort by assembling aircraft. In addi-

POLAND

tion to being wives and mothers, the other Slusarz women labored in factories at home or in New York City. Sadly, the family suffered the loss of another of their children at an early age, as 15-year old Vincent was killed in a train accident shortly after his 8th grade graduation and the loss of his mother months before.

Stanley survived for 10 years following the death of his wife, with oldest daughter Josephine helping to raise the younger children. Four generations of his descendants are proud to call America their home.

FRIday, JULY 4, 2014

Long

Treacherous voyage contained many dangers

By Joyce Lunger My family came to this wonderful land from the lower Palatinate, along the Rhine River, Germany, on October 11, 1733, sailing from England on the ship the Charming Betty with Captain John Ball.

They came to get away from almost continuous wars of religious differences and government issues. William Penn and Benjamin Furley, his agent, started a tide of immigration from the fatherland in 1705.

My ancestors were John Long; his wife, Anna Maria; and their children John Jr., 15; Maria, 9; Catherina, 7; Barbara, 4 and John George, 1.

They had started out near Heilbronn, nearly 20 or more weeks earlier, making their way down the river to Holland, and passing through nearly 36 customs houses, where examinations were made over time, as

to suit the customs officials, and where fees needed to be paid to advance to each site. When finally reaching Holland, they waited again, spending much money to live while waiting on a ship to England. There, they are packed densely, each person to a 6-by2-foot section, since many ships carried hundreds of individuals, provisions, tools, water barrels and such.

After reaching London, the Longs boarded the Charming Betty and made the eight week or longer voyage to America. They embarked with the original 62 people on board to Philadelphia, where the men on board made three oaths of allegiance at the Courthouse. However, it was not as simple as that after arriving.

There was much misery, hunger, thirst and sickness aboard many of these ships. Many families had spent upward of $176 to get to Philadelphia. If you arrived owing money, or you were sick and

couldn’t pay, you remained on the ship. Otherwise, you may have to sell your children or indenture them until the debt was paid — many times for up to six years.

Some very young people had to serve until they were 21. Some never saw their families again.

My family was lucky and were able to migrate to Northhampton County, where their name is on a land warrant surveyed on June 12, 1753. From there, they branched out, bought cattle, farmed, and even fought in the Civil War. For 1776, John Long is listed as an associator in Capt. Craigs Company from Northampton County. Several others were all privates in the 2nd Company of the 6th Battalion from Northampton County for June 3, 1782.

Much of this information comes from a family book written in 1949, called “Some Descendants of John Long and Anna Maria, His Wife” by Nicholas Heltzel.

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Arriving in America on August 7, 1971, from Taipei, Taiwan, ROC Jeannie Brady (Yen Fong) began her journey...

The Fourth of July has been a federal holiday since 1941. Though that may seem like a long time for the country to wait to celebrate the independence it declared in 1776, the tradition of the Fourth of July, often referred to as Independence Day, dates back to the dawn of the American Revolution and the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. Since then, July 4th has been recognized as the dawn of American independence, and celebrations that included fireworks and parades can be traced back to the 18th century. On July 4, 1777, the city of Philadelphia, which would become the first capital of the United

States of America, held the first annual commemoration of American independence, and exactly one year later George Washington ordered that all of his soldiers be offered double rations of rum to commemorate the anniversary. In 1781, Massachusetts was the first state to make July 4th an official state holiday, and the day was actually declared a federalholiday by the U.S. Congress in 1870. However, that declaration did not grant a paid holiday to federal employees. That benefit came in 1941, which is why that year is now recognized as the first year when the Fourth of July officially became a federal holiday.

Becoming an American citizen in 1974, Jeannie worked to earn her degree in Business Administration from Keystone College, started her Real estate career in 1984, earned her Real estate Broker’s License in 1987 and opened eRA Brady Associates in Tunkhannock in 1989.

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FRIday, JULY 4, 2014

Sterniuk Service to God led family to Plymouth

By Peter C. Zubritzky and Hilary Zubritzky

The Rev. and Mrs. Myron Sterniuk were nearly 60-year residents of the small town of Plymouth. It is where Rev. Sterniuk served as pastor of Ss. Peter and Paul Greek Catholic Church on Turner Street from 1921 to 1974, when he retired.

Their journey to Plymouth was a long one. The couple was married in July 1909 in Delawa, Tlumacz District, Galicia, a province in western Ukraine.

In September 1909 Father Sterniuk was ordained into the priesthood in Lwow, also in Ukraine, where he attended seminary and graduated from the University of Lwow.

Shortly after his ordination, he received is first assignment in the United States, and both set sail to America to land in New York via the Bremen Line. From there, the Rev. and Mrs. Sterniuk traveled to Monesse, outside of Pittsburgh; Ambridge, Pa.; Watervliet, N.Y.; and Detroit, serving various Greek Catholic churches in each of the cities before coming to Plymouth in 1921 to serve at Ss. Peter and Paul Greek Catholic Church. When he came to Plymouth, in addition to his wife, he arrived with a son, Theodosius, born in 1914, and a daughter, Ilaria, born in 1919.

While serving in Plymouth, he also served St. Vladimir’s Mission Church in Alden, Pa., for 20 years. Their years in Plymouth were spent around the duties of the church and the community. It was their key focal point. While Father Sterniuk did his priestly duties, Mrs. Sterniuk worked alongside him in the church teaching Bible studies, sodality, catechism and together prepared and

The Rev. and Mrs. Myron Sterniuk emigrated from Ukraine and settled in Plymouth.

encouraged four young parishioners to join the priesthood and one female to become a nun.

The church and rectory of Ss. Peter and Paul Greek Catholic Church in Plymouth was home to the Mrs. Sterniuk was instrumental in the Sterniuk family for many years. development of the St. Olga’s Women’s Organization, a church/civic group that beared her name.

While both the Rev. and Mrs. Sterniuk worked tirelessly for the betterment of the church and its parishioners, they would often spend time with their family at their beloved summer home at Harveys Lake that they purchased in 1923. (The home is still maintained by family members). It was the site of many parish events-church picnics, sodality and altar-boy gatherings to name a few.

In October 1972, Mrs. Sterniuk passed away, but the Rev. Sterniuk continued to rector Ss. Peter and Paul Church until his retirement in 1974 and passed away in 1977 at the age of 91.

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FRIday, JULY 4, 2014

Wilpiszewski

Trek to W-B began under a cloak of darkness

By Marianne Wilpiszewski Strong

My grandfather, Alexander Wilpiszewski, with his son, Boleslaw, immigrated from Poland to the United States in 1906. Two of his sons, Chester and Walter, had immigrated earlier.

Because they were of age to be conscripted into the army of Russia, which at the time ruled over the northeastern section of Poland, they had to move stealthily across Europe, hiding where they could, moving at night from farm to farm until they reached a port from ONLY CASH AND CARRY THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY which they CASH could embark.

AND CARRY ONLY Once in the United States, Alexander 18” CHAIN CASH AND CARRY18” ONLY and his sons made their way to WilkesCHAIN CASH AND CARRY Barre.

There, they foundONLY work and CASH AND CARRY ONLY 18” CHAIN 14” CHAIN saved enough money to build a house 18” CHAIN 20” CHAIN 00 in Ashley. Michalina 14” Wilpiszewski, 18” CHAIN $ CHAIN $ my 00 20” CHAIN grandmother, hadexcludes remained 1/4 in Poland pitch & 404 20” CHAIN 16” CHAIN with my father, age 3, and three CHAIN excludes 1/4his pitch &20” 404 00 20” CHAIN $ $ 00 older sisters. She waited until her 16” CHAIN CASH CARRY ONLY excludes 1/4 pitch & 404 AND The Wilpiszewski family immigrated to the United States from Poland. excludes 1/4 pitch & 404 husband and sons could send enough pitch & 404 FULLexcludes LINE OF1/4 Honda money for the family’s passage to 18”Pennsylvania CHAIN to join the older sons. four young children, to the port of 14” CHAIN FULL LINE OF Honda PUMPS AND America.

Rotterdam, em​ b arked for America on The family began to prosper. The FULL LINE OF Honda PUMPS AND FULL LINE OF Honda GENERATORS Then in 1907, abandoning her house FULL LINE OF Honda the ship Saratow, and landed at Ellis youngest two children, my father PUMPS AND PUMPS AND Rugged Reliable GENERATORS PUMPS AND Reliable near theReliable lakes of northernRugged Poland,GENERATORS Island. Reunited with her husband, GENERATORS Zigmund, age 4, and his sister Helen, GENERATORS 20” CHAIN CHAIN Michalina16” made her way, with her she and the children made their way to age 9, playing with other children who

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Page 7

spoke English, quickly learned the language. My father became enthralled by his first look at an electric bulb. He became an electrician, wiring many homes in Wilkes-Barre. His brother Boleslaw bought property at Harvey’s Lake where the family could picnic and swim as they had in the lakes of northeast Poland.

Eventually, my father and his brothers all became businessmen in the WilkesBarre area, owning grocery stores, a bakery and a garage, grateful to their new nation for a new life.

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FRIday, JULY 4, 2014

Mazzarella

A mother’s brave journey inspires daughter

By Bianca Mazzarella

I have learned many lessons from my mother, Tiziana, but there is one lesson that I think is one of the most important ones she has taught me so far.

My mom’s life was not exactly easy. She was born in Mammola, Italy, and lived there until she was almost 3 years old. When she was 2, my grandmother, who I call Mimi, left her two older sisters and her with my greatgrandmother, so she could join my grandfather, who I call Nonno, in the United States. This was a big sacrifice for my grandmother, Mimi, but she had to do what was best for her family.

When my mother was three, she left Italy to join her mother and father in Harrisburg. My mother had never been away from her home in Italy, let alone to the other side of the world. It was all new and different. She had a lot to learn.

Before she started school, she would play with her neighbors across the street. She would never talk, but she would listen. When she would go home, she would speak Italian to her parents and grandmother since they did not know much English.

Learning to speak and write English was hard for my mother.

Children made fun of her because they could not understand her and never saw the name Tiziana, which was not a common name in America. Because of this, it was hard for her to make friends at first, but she always stayed friends with her neighbors who continued to teach her English without her

Tiziana Mazzarella’s passport picture in 1971.

or them even knowing it.

When she started school, she learned how to write like all the other kids, but learning to read was still a challenge. However, my mother was not discouraged and strived to accomplish her goal of becoming a better reader. In second grade, my mother remembers her teacher telling her she improved enough to be in the first reading group. That was a very proud moment for my mother and after that she was always a straight-A student.

My mom graduated from high school third in her class while working almost 40 hours a week to help pay for her sister’s and her own school tuition. She also contributed financially in any way she could to help her family, which had grown to five daughters. She was the first person in her family to go to college, having graduated from Penn State University with a major in food science. My father and she now own their own business, and

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Page 8

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Tiziana Mazzarella, middle, with her two older sisters.

she is able to be home for my sister and me whenever we need her.

I thought my mother was very brave through her journey, and I love her very much. When things get hard for me school, I think about my mom and everything she went through. She expects my sister and me to do well in school and always tells us not to give up — if we work hard enough for something, we will achieve it.

My mom has taught me that it does not matter where you come from. It’s how hard you work that gets you to where you want to be. She is an amazing example of how hard work and determination really does pay off.

Editor’s note: Bianca is a seventh-grader at Wyoming Area Catholic School in Exeter.

ITALY

FRIday, JULY 4, 2014

Mainwaring

German war bride lived out the American dream

Page 9

By Linda Neher Mainwaring

My mother, the late Susanne (Susi) Neher of Mountain Top, arrived in the U.S. on March 4, 1948, as a war bride.

Born in Berlin, Germany, she grew up never dreaming that one day she would become an American citizen. Her life changed drastically when World War II broke out during her teenage years. As the war progressed, she witnessed many atrocities including severe rationing of food, the pillaging of the city, and nightly bombings.

Because of her knowledge of English and her business skills, she was able to obtain employment as a civilian working for the American Army. She was first assigned as a secretary in the motor pool where she met my father, Frank Neher Jr. in July 1945. Born in Plymouth, Pa., he had been drafted upon graduation from high school in 1944.

Working together, a romance blossomed, but because of a nonfraternization rule for soldiers and civilians, they could only speak with each other at work.

Eventually the ban was lifted and the young couple became engaged with plans to marry.

There was a marriage ban at the time, so in July 1946 Frank returned home and established his automotive-repair business.

During that time, Susi worked as a court stenographer for the office of the Trial Judge Advocate. During their time apart, Frank saved money to purchase a $500 bond required by the U.S. government to assure that Susi would not become a burden to society. He also paid $430 for her airfare.

Shortly before her papers were about to expire, Susi was given permission to leave Germany with just a few days’ notice.

A number of photographers and reporters were aboard the American Overseas Airlines flight as it was the first flight for civilians after the war. Upon her arrival at LaGuardia, Susi was photographed for an article that appeared in a New York newspaper. When she landed in Avoca, the couple was photographed and interviewed for a story that appeared in a local paper.

Susanne and Frank Neher Jr. met in 1945 and married in 1948.

Upon arriving at New York’s LaGuardia airport, Susanne Neher was photographed for being among the first civilian passengers aboard an American Overseas Airlines flight.

They were married on March 20, 1948. By 1950, Frank was able to relocate his business to Sturdevant Street in WilkesBarre.

Times were not always easy as Susi experienced some resentment for being German, but she remained positive. The couple was living the American Dream.

Although they had little money at first, she supported Frank and the business grew. By 1951, Susi had become a naturalized citizen, they purchased their first home, and started a family. She volunteered for the American Red

Cross and joined the Overseas Wives Club at the the YWCA, establishing friendships that lasted 66 years until her death this past April.

After the devastation to their home and business by the Flood of 1972, the family moved to Mountain Top, where they owned and operated the Granite Motel and Neher‘s Automotive Repair Business until Frank’s passing in 1996. While she maintained her German customs, she was proud to be an American and greatly appreciated the opportunities afforded to her in this country.

GERMANY

FRIday, JULY 4, 2014

Marotto

I want to go to sleep in America!’

Page 10

By Piera “Santi” Marotto

I understand what the American Dream is because my parents lived it and gave it to me.

My dear parents, Fosco and Nida Santi, immigrated to America in 1955 with their 3-1⁄2-year-old daughter Piera (me) and $50 in their pockets.

Like most immigrants, they made the decision to leave their homeland for the opportunity to work and to better provide for themselves and their family. America offered that opportunity and they were able to accept that offer because my father’s older brother, Aldo, was already in America and served as their sponsor.

My parents embarked on this great adventure with excitement and resigned determination. Their future was ahead of them, but their past and all they would leave behind was heavy in their hearts.

It is a life decision that took a toll that can never be forgotten. Imagine leaving your mother behind knowing you may never see her or hear her voice again. Communication was only possible through letters. No phone calls, no emails, no Facebook, FaceTime, Skype.

Just letters.

As you can imagine, the night they left Italy was an emotional one. I wish I could say I remember it, but being only 3-1⁄2, the only memories I have are those recounted to me by my parents. Along with the emotional goodbye embraces, the one memory that always brought a smile to their faces was what I said that night: “Momma! Momma! Ho sonno e voglio andare a dormire in America!”

(Translation: “Mommy! Mommy!

I’m tired and want to go to sleep in America!” Well, after nine days at sea, sleep in America we did. Pittston, to be exact.

America, this wonderful land of opportunity, became our new home. The garment industry was booming during this time, and both my parents found work at Lori Dress in Pittston.

My father moved on to a better-paying construction job and spent his career working very hard as a laborer. It was hard physical work, but he loved it.

My mother stayed on at Lori Dress, and her hard work ethic and incredibly talented sewing skills led her to move up to managing the floor. She was respected for her skills and, at the age of 84, still does alterations today.

Learning to speak English was a necessity in those days. There was no “Press 1 for Italian” option. My parents understood the importance of learning the language, so they started to speak only

A family photo taken in 1956 shows Fosco, Nida and Piera Santi at their Pittston home.

English in the home with me as I was learning in school.

I am very proud of them. They became American. They worked hard, saved money, provided for themselves and, yes, they lived the American Dream. I smile when I think about how much my dad just loved America and everything about it. Give him his football and baseball and he was happy. He loved the Eagles and the Phillies. Put a fishing pole in his hand and he was in heaven.

My parents knew all about hardship, sacrifice and struggles. Poverty and the struggle to put food on the table was an indelible part of their childhood. During World War II, my father was in the Italian Army — captured by the Russians and spent three years in a prisoner of war camp in the Siberian Region of Russia.

Conditions were brutal. Prisoners were used to work the fields harvesting crops.

Yet, for them, food was scarce. Piero, his brother, was in the same unit when they were captured. Unlike my father, he did not survive the camp. (Just replace the “o” with an “a” and I was named after him.)

My mother, starting at the tender age of 12, lived through the war. For a period of time, she peeled potatoes for the Germans; she lived through the bombings, seeking refuge in the mountains.

She lost her younger sister, Rosa, during that time due to poor nutrition and lack of proper medicine. After the Germans were pushed out, she housed two English soldiers and an Indian officer in their home. They only had two bedrooms.

Her two brothers in one and she and her mother gave up theirs for the soldiers.

My mom and her mother slept on the couch in the kitchen. They also prepared the soldiers meals and washed their

Fosco and Nida Santi married on Oct. 1, 1949.

ITALY

clothes.

Yes, they knew hardship and it made them stronger. It gave them the appreciation of the “vision” that was America. A country they could come to and become “American.” A country that offered the opportunity to work and to succeed no matter where you came from or who you were. That is the America Dream we must never forget. They, of course, maintained their Italian traditions, but they are American through and through.

Wine-making is one Italian tradition enjoyed by the entire family. When my dad built their home in 1975, the “wine cellar” was built in underneath the front porch. Many crates of grapes, gallons of wine and happy memories have passed through that room. My boys have continued that tradition in honor of my dad.

Their dreams for me to have a better life were realized. They gave me everything a child could ever want. We may not have been rich in money, but I never knew it. I wish every child could be so fortunate to have a childhood filled with love and such sweet, simple memories.

Nida Santi and her 3-1/2-year-old daughter Piera, as seen in their 1955 passport picture.

3-1/2-year-old Piera Santi poses during her family’s voyage from Italy to America in 1955.

FRIday, JULY 4, 2014

Sterniuk

Family turned $30 into thriving businesses​

By Frank Pasquini

Page 11

With an unbridled determination and little grasp of the English language, the equivalent of a fourth-grade education and $30, three Pasquini brothers — Domenico, Antonio and Ludwig, all in their teens — left their native Sassoferrato, Italy, in 1917 to discover a better way of life: The American Dream in a land of opportunity.

Their voyage to America would be lengthy and physically challenging on the steamship Rochambeau. Packed with little clothing and a few treasured family possessions stuffed in an old trunk, they discussed how each of them would earn their way to success and financial independence. They talked of starting a family and hopefully leaving a legacy in their new world.

Once processed through Ellis Island, they arrived in the Wyoming Valley.

Here, they were welcomed by relatives who emigrated a short time earlier.

For a while, the brothers would enjoy a hospitality reminiscent of their home in Sassoferrato until landing their first job – hard labor in the area’s coal mines.

Their mining days were numbered when Domenico, my grandfather ,and Uncle Antonio, would each pursue successful entrepreneurial paths. In 1921, when he was just shy of 24, Domenico found the region’s first building block manufacturing plant in the Rolling Mill Hill section of Wilkes-Barre, Wyoming Valley Cement Products, later Pasquini Block Co. Antonio established a car dealership then a wholesale liquor business in Wilkes-Barre’s downtown, near the site of the present Scanlon Gymnasium on the campus of King’s College.

Ludwig trained and later retired as a master diesel mechanic from Friedman Express Company, one of the area’s largest trucking, shipping and storage facili-

ties.

All three Pasquinis eventually married immigrant Italian women in the 1920’s.

They started families and set down their roots in the ethnically diverse neighborhoods of Wilkes-Barre. Their lives were enriched by many nationalities which included their Irish, Polish, German, Russian and Lebanese neighbors.

Later in his life, Domenico would pay it forward by sponsoring the immigration of several of his relatives and friends, who still lived in “the old country.” He financed their passage here and often employed them in his Wilkes-Barre business. Now, several generations later, their descendants remember him with gratitude and affection.

Let us never minimize the courage, fortitude, and incomparable work ethic handed down to us by our immigrant ancestors. Above all, may we never lose sight of their appreciation for the freedoms and liberty which are a part of the American way of life.

From left are Domenico, Antonio and Ludwig Pasquini.

ITALY

omenico Pasquini sits on a wheelwell surrounded by the first employees of Wyoming Valley Cement Products.

A horse-drawn delivery wagon is shown front of Antonio Pasquini’s wholesale liquor store around 1925.

The steamship Rochambeau in 1913 carried hundreds of immigrants to the U.S., including the Pasquini brothers.

FRIday, JULY 4, 2014

Mazzarella

84 years later, a brother’s letter gets its reply

By Jane Walsh Waitkus

Years ago, I was rummaging around in the attic of the family homestead in Plains when I came across an old envelope addressed to my grandmother, Teofilia​ Balchute Pilvelius Gedvillis.

When I opened the envelope, I found a letter written in Lithuanian. I am not literate in Lithuanian, but my aunt was able to translate the letter for me.

The letter was written by my grandmother’s brother, Michael. He was writing to check on the well-being of his young sister who settled in America.

Since my mociute (grandmother in Lithuanian) was totally illiterate, she might have asked one of her educated Lithuanian female friends to send a reply to her brother. She would have signed the letter with an X because she could not write her own name.

The letter that follows was written by me as a result of my research into my grandmother’s life. The letter is written in the vernacular of the Lithuania immigrant of the early 1900s. Teofilia died years before I was born.

She kept a boarding house, a tavern, a dining room, grew medicinal herbs in the shadow of the Prospect Colliery.

She raised six of her own children and three step children, and was a founding member of St. Francis Church in Miners Mills.

April 12, 1930 My Dear Brother Michael, May the Lord be praised! I take my fair hands and caress your sweet face. This letters brings greetings to you and your young children in Lithuania from your sister in America and her children.

My heart is heavy as I say these words to you. In the parlor is the body of my beloved second husband, Frank. He die yesterday from a disease they call Tuberculosis. I do not know what that word mean, but I know that he cough all the time. He was so very sick Michael. Frank not able to go to work at the Prospect Colliery. He spend many weeks in bed in the summer house in the yard near the chickens. Doctor say put him in the cold with no heat and he be cured. But he not able to eat, He just wait to die.

The house be full of people now. They bring food. All the neighbors know Frank die when they saw my son, Joseph, hang the black crepe on the door.

Our sister, Elizabetu and my friend Martha Timalonis, will stay here all night taking turns sitting with Frank, keeping watch over his body. Of course we have plenty of company. Neighbors will stay all night too. I will have to send my boys next door to our tavern to bring over more beer. Elizabetu is busy making more food for everyone. She says death makes people hungry for food and for life. I wish everyone would leave so I can think and pray. Elizabetu try to get me to rest tonight. But I cannot rest because I think only of Frank and how I miss him. My children Joseph, Mootz, Fritz, Jonnie and Little Anna say they miss Frank already and he only die yesterday. If my baby Petr was still alive, he would miss Frank too. Fritz says he will miss Frank like a son misses a father.

You know that Jurgi, the real father of my children, is dead six years.

It hard to run the boarding house and the tavern when Jurgi die, but I try. I never think I marry again, but when Frank ask me to marry, I say yes because he is a good man and so very good to the children. Here I am in the same place as six years ago. No husband, five children, two dogs, ten chickens, twelve ducks and seven geese.

I know what you say when you read this letter. You say, come home to Lithuania Teofilia.

Bring your children, forget about boarders and the tavern and the food you cook in the tavern. You cannot stay in America with only yourself, your brother and sister, and your children.

I say to you Michael, my brother, that I never come back to Lithuania. That old country mean only tears to me. That country means no hope for the future. In Pennsylvania, in America, I do not have to worry about my boys being forced into the Russian Army for life! Here I have hope for a good life for my children. They can do anything, they can be boss. How can that be? Because they go to Maffett Street School and they learn how to be American.

Please write letter to me. Tell me you pray for my Frank in church in next village.

LITHUANIA

Your loving sister, X

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Turowski

This Turowski family portrait shows Victoria as an infant with her mother and mother’s family just before they emigrated from Poland.

8-month-old reunited with father in Pittston

Page 13

By Kate Gibbons

In 1907, Wiktor traveled on foot through Poland and Germany to the port My maternal grandmother, Victoria of Bremen to escape forced conscription (Wiktorija) Turowski arrived at Ellis into the Russian army. He told his chilIsland at 8 months old on July 25, 1908, dren that he could never bring himself on the ship S.S. Lucania. She survived to eat lamb because of the sounds of a bout with a high fever on the voyage thousands of lambs being led to slaughter with her 16-year-old mother, Boleslawa across Northern Europe as he walked.

Sokolowska, as they traveled to join her The Turowskis eventually built a house father, Wiktor Turowski. in the Sullivan Park neighborhood of He’d arrived earlier and worked as a Exeter in the 1920s. Wiktor had a tailor tailor for the Fischman tailor shop on shop and grocery store at 1156 Wyoming Market Street in Pittston. The Turowskis Ave., and Boleslawa was a seamstress and came from the Bialystok region in north- taught girls sewing skills. A late neighbor east Poland to Wyoming Valley because recalled her mother telling her that for a Wiktor’s aunt, Leokadia Pietrasiewski, special occasion they should “only go to had settled in Exeter.

Boleslawa” to make the dress properly.

Wiktor was born in the village of Every night, Wiktor and Boleslawa Domanowo and baptized in St. Dorota’s read the newspaper to each other to Catholic Church, where records show his learn English, but still spoke Polish. family lived since at least the 1700s and Wiktor also spoke Yiddish, reflective of once worked as laborers, or serfs, under the diverse region of Poland he came the Russian Empire’s landlord system. from, which was home to Catholics,

Jews, Orthodox Christians, Belarussians, Lithuanians, and Tatars.

The Turowski children were Victoria, Stanley, Alberta, and Francis. Victoria attended Exeter public schools and Marywood College and taught in Exeter’s Schooley Avenue and Brumbaugh elementary schools, where she met her husband, John Hudyck, also a teacher.

Today, I live in the house where my paternal grandfather’s parents, immigrants from Galicia, Poland, lived.

In 1941, after giving birth to my mom, Evelyn, my grandmother resumed teaching. A married woman with a child returning to work was unusual and disapproved of enough that it became an issue in an Exeter school board election, when one faction of candidates referred to my mother as the “Taxpayers’ Baby.” They didn’t win, and Victoria taught until her retirement in the 1970s.

Every now and then, I meet someone

who still remembers having one or both my late grandparents as teachers.

One hundred and seven years after the family’s arrival in Wyoming Valley, their descendants live today in Exeter and in 10 states. Na zdrowie to all the Turowski descendants who are here because of their journey.

POLAND

FRIday, JULY 4, 2014

DeFabo

With an ‘I’ll go,’ man proves hard work pays off

By Paul DeFabo

He was standing in line waiting to purchase tickets for passage to France where he was hoping to find work.

Standing in line just ahead of him were twin brothers trying to book passage to America. With one slot remaining and when it came time to purchase their tickets they refused to separate. My father heard the ticket agent say aloud, “I have passage for one to America.”

Without hesitation, my father yelled out, “I’ll go,” and that is how he first came to America. The year was 1913 and over the years he would make several trips back and forth.

Giovanni Difebbo (John DeFabo) was born in March 1895 on a farm just outside of Atri, in the Provence of Terauo and the region of Abruzzo, Italy. Atri is a picturesque village high atop the hills of central Italy, overlooking the Adriatic Sea. After arriving in New York and passing through Ellis Island in 1913, he resided in New York City for a short period working at odd jobs to support himself. Being very young at the time (18 years old), he decided to return Anna Marconi in Italy. home. He eventually joined the Italian Army and was assigned to the Calvary made the decision to move to Wilkesas a horse soldier, where he served for Barre, where his sister lived. Wilkesover fiyr years. Italy was part of the Barre was to become his permanent Allies in World War I. After survivresidence. That’s how he came to live in ing a few close calls, the war ended our area. In time, he found work with on November 11, 1918. With most of the Lehigh Valley Railroad at Coxton Europe devastated by the war, he once Yards in Pittston, where he would conagain decided to go back to America. tinue to work for 45 years. One of the He found his way to Berwick and most interesting moments of his years lived with family relatives for a time. at Coxton Yards is when he witnessed Being the traveler he had become, he the emergency landing of the world

ITALY

My father took his new bride to America for the first time. They took up residence on Lincoln Street in the Heights section of Wilkes-Barre. It was very difficult for my mother in the beginning. She did not speak or understand the language and was not familiar with their customs. There were no safety nets at that time (Social Security, food stamps, etc.) but somehow managed through the Depression era.

However, my mother did understand one thing: If you worked hard and play famous aviator of his time, Charles by the rules, things would work out, and Lindbergh, in June 1928. He would they did. never forget that day.

She went on to have four children; That year was to become even more Diane, Theresa, Edward and Paul, memorable for my father. In fall of that and amid all the trials and tribulations year he went back to his home town that they endured, they found time in Atri, Italy, where he met his future to become American citizens. They wife, Anna Marconi (my mother). My father being quite the debonair bachelor would speak to us in English whenever they could to make sure that we gave my mother a whirlwind courtship became Americans, first and foremost. for a few weeks. They were married Assimilation into the American culture on November 8, 1928, after which he had begun. paraded her throughout Atri in a carMany people who are not a part of riage drawn by white horses.

How important she felt. She told that an immigrant family don’t understand the difference between becoming an story often.

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Diane DeFabo at her house in Wilkes-Barre.

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American and becoming Americanized.

Becoming American happens when you take the oath. Becoming Americanized takes many years of hard work. Most immigrants transition perfectly but some don’t. I remember when my parents became Americanized, each in their own way. With my mother, it happened while she was getting ready to go to a wedding. With prodding from my sister Diane, she came down the steps wearing lipstick for the very first time. We were all stunned, my father included, but she looked great. From that moment on she became totally Americanized in her looks, her attitude and her lifestyle.

For my father, it was different.

Having not seen his family in 40 years he took a trip back to Atri, Italy, in the mid 1960’s. After spending a few weeks visiting family and friends he returned home. One evening we sat and talked about his trip. He said it was really nice to see them again and he had a very good time. However, he noticed that everyone had gotten much older.

Being the proud man he always has been, he could not admit that he aged as well. As we continued talking, he made a statement I will never forget.

With a look of contentment on his face (the look people experience when some innermost conflict has finally been resolved) he proudly stated, “America is my country and this is my home.”

Americanized at last.

John DeFabo.

John DeFabo and his wife, Anna, at their house in Wilkes-Barre.

John DeFabo.

Page 15

John DeFabo and his wife, Anna, in Wilkes-Barre.

The DeFabo family at their house in Wilkes-Barre. From ​left are Theresa, Paul, John, Anna and Edward.

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