dr
A R IB B>M N
:v>,.
Federal M'^ney is Riir -nfl V.ild
By I. Kortn-^ht
GOVERNMENT OP PUERTO RICO
COMHinEE OF AGRICVITUUL FAIRS OF PUERTO RICO SAN JUAN, P. R.
ANOUNCEMENT OF A FAIR AT PONCE, PUERTO RICO The object of Law No. 97, approved May 12, 1937, is to en courage the celebration of agricultural fairs in Puerto Rico with
a view to reflect the progress obtained in agricultural activities tending in each instance to acquire a higher standing and to better the present conditions of the agriculturers by means of these demonstrations.
The "Committee of Agricultural Fairs of Puerto Rico" created by said Law has under its control the celebration of such
fairs and by means of the present advertisement it takes pleasure in anouncing to all those interested in the agricultural activities of Puei to Rico, the celebration of an Agricultural Fair in the city of Ponce during the days 17, 18, 19 and 20 of March 1938.
The General Rules and Premium Lists for this fair are now
in the hands of the Agents of the Agricultural Extension Service •of the College of Agriculture and Mechanical Arts of the Univer sity of Puerto Rico in those towns where the Service has offices
in operation. ^ Copies of these rules may be obtained from the Director, Agricultural Extension Service, Rio Piedras, P. R., and rom the President of the Committee of Agricultural Fairs of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Agriculturers and all persons interested in the agricultural activities in the island are cordially invited to prepare and send exhibitions to the Fair of Puerto Rico. COMMITTEE OF AGRICULTUPvAL FAIRS R. Menendez Ramos, President.
6ur Contribution to the Commercial
Development of Puerto Rico By MIGUEL SUCH
Vice-President Bull Insular Line It is almost twenty-five years, if one figures correctly, since the Bull Insular Line en tered the trade route with Puerto Rico. It is almost forty-eight years since the late H. II. Bull organized the first steamship line known today as the New York & Porto Rico Steam
ship Company. In organizing this line, A. H. Bull demonstrated the courage and the faith in this island which characterized him all thru liis career. Two ships were built, the PON CE and the SAN JUAN.
In 1699 an issue developed between the various interested parties and this resulted in an argeeraeut whereby A. H. Bull failed in his efforts to purchase the other holdings and as a result sold out his interest, with an agreement that he would not resume activity in the regular steam trade to Puerto Rico for a period of ten years.
In 1910 the Bull Line, at the request of (he sugar interests, entered this traffic again and now begins the enterprising spirit of the Bull Insular Line to show results.
Commencing with 1900 the history of Puejto Rieo is the history of a country adjust ing itself to new conditions both political and eeonomie. o
In the economic field the island had accomplished very little up to then. With near ly one million inhabitants of population its external trade was but $6,611,869 and of this onlv
$3,350,577 with the United States. If one is to gauge a country's economic prosperity by its trade returns, and we know of no other me ins by which to appraise it, certainly these fi gures were very low.
Looking back all these years and weighing what has been accomplished by the Island since then, one cannot but feel optimistic and utterly confident of the future.
Thirtv-two
years of commercial trade relations with the Unitel States have put Puerto Rico on the ma|) but this, of course, could never have been ae cmjilished except for the undying energy and ambition of the Puerto Rican people whose sense of values have given them a rightful place
in the scale of progress. Lack of shipping facilities to the mainland and complete ignorance of what iirospective iradei-s could buy and sell from each other had ostensibly laid the found ation for this ap]>arontly ueglectetl condition.
-s-'-hl'
"v.::--
'V-, v'r-K v^'--.' F^-- '
■k
.J
S-i-F.'»/
, ,.,: ,.,
F--. ,.
■.
ver
/
'
.
.:
Carlratiirg of iho Eonorahto FranlUn T). FooscvcU cspccfaHy autngrnphcd for ow Editor,
.r::'rV',
•*tV ', rs ■ .
VOL. I
MAECH 1938
XO. 2.
Caribbedn Reuieu? Tip. San Juan
Oliver Shaw
Louis Kortright
PUBlJSnKK
KniTou IN CiiiKK
("o - EniTOu
From the Editor's Desk.
The Problem of Today TOURISM is becoming Puerto Rico's obsession towards creating a new and pro fitable industry. II we come to look things through Gov ernor V/inship's prismatic lens we may clearly see the fairy tale of the millions run
cuous places where important events took place during early colonization should be landmarked by concrete posts with inscrip tions so that the anxious-to-know visitor
may count on these places as part of their tour and pilgrimage. These places should
ning into the Island's Treasury with a glow not be ommitted from the tourist's sched Ox silver prosperity. ule. Governor Winship's love for this island Have writers write History: vivid, in is rooted soul deep. His idea of its beauty teresting, alluring. We are fortunate to is scented with a soft touch of symjiathy and have an authority on Puerto Rican History friendliness for cur land. He is like a fa who is a professor in our University and a ther who, on account of his feelings, over fine writer in both English and Spanish lan looks his child's faults. The desirable tourist is the one who
guages: Mr. Rafael W. Ramirez.
creates because he can appreciate facts; in
It is not only La Fortaleza, El Morro, Casa Blanca or the churches in the Big City
telligent and able to see the miracle of His tory past over four centuries when he looks
what the visitor should see and know of,
understand History.
landing place of American Arm.y in 1898: with its historical early days fort after the plans 9 celebrated Frenchbuilt engineer Vauban,
A complete network of interesting places, over forts, churches, roads, cities. Over the beautiful as well as historical, can Ido made mountain ranges he should see primary life available for the tourist covering a whole still bursting forth amidst the forests: In week or more of amusing travel through dian caciques, whole tribes camping around unparalleled mountain scenery and beauti a big fire. On top of El Yunque he will peep ful roads. rround for the dwelling place of the great San German, with the eldest church in Indian chief Agueibana and for the hiding Pum'to Rico; Manati and Aguas Buenas, jdace of the evil spirit Yukiyu. which gave with original Indian caverns used as dwel name to the town of Luquillo. One who can ling places by aborigine tribes; Guanica,
Before the idea of tourism was given serious consideration by civil authorities there existed, the world over, places which 0 have been visited by tourists for years and years. Europe, Egypt, China, Hawaii, Cu
built nearly all european
. orts during the time of Louis XIV, This
ba, India, Australia and manv other places •ore is an exact replica of El Morro and in the continental United States offered their beauties and charms to the visitors
mofi'u
clearly see St, Tho-
^ Croix; with its marble health When Puerto Rico was added as a prospect / m springs and aCoamo monumental we felt quite sure that an exceptionally in OSS marking the spot where Spanish solteresting* place of unsurpassing beauty and d.-ers tell during the Spanish American War unequalled charm had completed the list. Our Tourist Bureau should aim at li terature foi' Ihe i)rospeetivo lonrist with a
on oui island; Aguada. landing place of Coumhus and a hundred other i)lace.> worth mentioning.
view to revive all that four c nitury history \isitqrs will love to see jilaces and buried in the past which has been forgotten leain the island's history pioneer of Ameri even by our own peojjle. We refer to our can History. Tours to"^ these places offer
historical sites filled with legend. Conspi the outsiders amazing chances to appreciate
THE PROBLEM OF TODAY the real flavour of our traditions which with
a small effort of the imagination will make them live for a moment the days of our ear ly colonial life with its romance, joys and sorrows, and, far more, gives them the op portunity to contact and feel our traditional hospitality, unique legacy of our Spanish ancestors.
kind that counts, the kind that travels to see and learn as well as for spiritual relaxation. For this quality visitors the island must prepare its touristic resources in a most attractive and interesting way. We know the task of raising an industry, any industry, to yield profitable earnings re quires a life's effort with many a hazard in the way. Tourism is our card in this game of
We must make tourists like our island bacarat and it is going to be a dear card and tarry on it for weeks. What we can with quite strong competition. not expect them to do is to sleep the siesta An industry which expects returns of for lack of interesting places to visit. millions must have an investment of mil We m.ust bear in mind that twenty four lions.
Plain mathematics; unless it's all a
hours lunch-aboard-tourists will not sufflce
to create a great industry. It is the other fairy tale intended to amuse posterity. TO OUR. READERS AND ADVERTLSERS
rica and Caribbean countries, CARIBBEAN REVIEW heart
ily congratulates our heroes. We want to notify our readers and advertisers that the ijcrsons <ipj)eariiuj in our Jirst numher as Editor and Co-Editor are no .'onyer
into the hands of thousands and
thousands of new readers every time and sincerily and hopefully will count for its maintenance on
IMPORTANT TO READERS
the patronage of teachers and child
CARIBBEAN
ren, business and professional men, and on every EngRsh speaking
REVIEW
will
give special attention to the dis-
liersoii on the island as well as in
view."
tlo.sure of our island's historic
other countries.
SPORTS
We dearly ajipreciate the cooper background. It will contain many ation offered by advertisers, friends jiages of interesting historical Puertorican legends intended to jirovide and collaborators and by the Gov
connected
with
'"Caribbean
PUERTO RIUO
Re
A TRIU.MPII
tourists and extrangers with real
The prol'essional aiul aiiialeiir
sports woi Id has been shakoned by
ernment of Puei*to Rico.
facts about our typical early days life; biogia)diies of our most con-
THE EDITORS
the fjreat triunipb of our iiiiist .spiciious men will be published, be-
popular atldeles of the yoiing-er generation. ^ 111 the ( rst (ilaee, Sixto Eseobar recovered for Plo. Rico the World's
giiiing with that of Jose Campeche y Jordfni ui the year 1752 (in this issue) and inc'uding all t>i"ominent men up to our da.vs; our "Do You
CARIBBEAN REVIEW
Coniincninl Circulation â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
f(.rmer chamiiion,
Know.'" Co-Editor's page for chil dren. will contain interesting and A'al liable information in general science, literature, and other mis-
fie.m Barceloneta. Puerto Rico won
ce'laneoiis t( pics aimed for school
back the tit'e from coi'ageoiis Har ry Jeffra the Champion, from
childi-en a.s well as for teachers;
Bantam Championship Til'e after the most startling ring battle ever viewed on this is'and.
challenger and
Sixto. the
English Monthly Magazine
OLIVER
Balt imore. Aid. In.
swe])t
Panama,
the
Pnertoricans
away I'i'mm the
Olympic
L0 V IS K O R T RIGET
(ompetent winters.
We will contribute to our island's
gold, silver and bion/.e medals by
desiie and necessity of advertising its beauties to American jieople b.v preventing in our jiages, in graphic
Cnha. Alexico. I'aiiama. ('o'ombia. Pcni. Haiti. \'ei!c/iicla and (iiher
iVrm. the
T/.'din
charms.
Peld
countries, events,
the
mednla
track of the
and
Editor in Chief
and. scientihcal. jiedagogical, social and, economic prob'ems. will be inimiinently focus,sed by authorized
(iK iinds a considerab'e amount of
Avinning. in (;pen competit ion with
be.st
of
SEA W
the
island's
IV
We expect that (CARIBBEAN
Sporting Games for Central Ame
REVIEW wi'l slide along softly
Co - Editor
OFFICE: 1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
a Calcta de Ran Juan
Ran .1 nan, Puerto Ilieo.
Caribbean Review
SanJuan of today T:;li
and Tomorrow
T)y I\Ianiiel llartiiiez Plee. San Juan of yesterday, today and tomorrow is must interesting:
to anyone j)0sse,ssing the vision of tlio past and of the future.
The
San Juan of yester<lay was a reJij^ions and mi itary city, sorrounded by walls and
batteries, and
willi a great number of eburehes. Its colonizing civilization was al most entirely mystic and warlike, and no nmcli given to business de
velopment.
Soldiers and ]>riests
were seen everywhere.
A romo)ii:c fpct in Mi Hoc lAvcyii Purt ricar.hiz Ihr mV.tinrij nlorij r>f C-hl
San Juan then lay in the cir
^'paiiiAi days.
cumference of a circle whose cen
ter was the Madrid of the XVII
fuent traffic avenue, like tho e of
century, and to the wealthy Span
New Yoj-k and London, various re
ish emi)irc it was of small impor
sidential mdgbbor]i(nids linve de\el(.pod. Xpighi)orli('.nds w ii i c li
tance. Bi ' in 1898 the time eame
for a general change. The promise of a great and beau tiful city with souvenir of an in teresting past —that is San Juan
today. It is an old neighborhood rapidly changing into a center of great activity. Santa Catalina Pal
ace, "Casa Blanca", with the fla
ming' colors of its poinceanas re-
gias, the severe Morro and the gal lant Saint Christopher could never dream of a city at their feet where such a spirit of business could exist.
Some way apart from the old
eity and by the side of the high way which is becoming a magni'
glow steadily and the time will come before long when liiey will unite and form the future city; and as the sana ]Jieuomenon is tak ing place between iMartin Pena and Rio Piedras and acro.^^s the bay, we
can well say that the future San Juan will be a city of immense ex tension. Perhaps the marvel of Spanish iVmerica. The city is divided by two hridaes affording charming views; the San
Antonio Bridge, whose en
Ihe crmfi.rt am! I'^ganee of the I a ll nciglibiirhoo'L I •, umpiestinncMc. Tlie archi^etvii'-o (P' {he homes and I im way tin-so •'••• V ,■ • •• ankes I hem lovcis-, (.f the beauties of life: and ,sh< ws that Pitr'.o Rico under
Ainciican libei-ty. has developed its natui e-simple. siiicere and tlnmgiiTl'nl.
Siicli a development of a city is net stiange to a peivon who. for a hug time has lived in the ITiited State.s. where he has .soon how cities grow, and knows that it is the re
sult of ihe enormous vitality of a civilization which is the best of
chanting .scenery makes one feel the power of God. and the IMartin
ail civilization, and which agrandizes and invigorates anything
Pena Bridge, whose picturesque-
wliich ir touches.
ne.3s reaches the limits of perfec-
(Please turn to page 16)
Touri$»t Gold and
the Spanish Main
■w P.y KAFAEL SAXCIIO POXET Treasurer of Puerto Rieo It is somewliat odd
that wlien
])eoi)le lack normal resourees tliey iuive to organize entertainments to
jaise funds, but it lias ahvays been tlius. Tiierc is a comedy by Benavenle in wliicli a woman's charity committee i)resents itself at the mansion of a rich lady of noble
lineajip and lays befoi-e lier tiie ajijialling' condition of the ]K)or of a certain suburb of Madrid. The il
lustrious lady listens to them, me ditates. and tlien answers:
"I see only one solution that we
Hon. Rafael Sancho Bonet
give a ball. . .
Trrd.surci- of Pucrlo Pico.
This, and I sav it without ironv. is hiunan. since no mie is inc'ineil
1o be generous until after having enjoyed a good meal or an enterlainmeiil which has pleased him. To
beg jnournfully is to close the dofji-s of charity.
That is why the econo
mic depression which today ener
tisements to
attract tourists con
sist in offci'ing the visitors —in aflili'ion to the primordial a(h'antag. an agTeeabie climate, beau tiful scenery and a warm re:-oi)tion— sucli amusements as will
ihe world has impelled many to
make their .'day i)ass quickly and pleasantly. To accomplish this lo
turn to tourism as a paliative,
cal authoritie.s endeavor to attract
vates nearly all the countries of
Ifuiist is given everything readymade. tims .saving but tlic trouble of thinking tilings out for luniself
nliicii is dista.-^teful in a strange eiiviionment. He Ik „nt guided, lie is led and, as we all iircfer going in caravan fasliion about, he gains a sense of rest.
CHARM OF PFERTO RICO
Tourism is today one of tlie most
visitors with varied lures: from the
pi-obtable of industries and an acti^•ify which can bring the greatest beiiefibs to any people who may
climate, to amusements ])lannpd to mitigate the monotony of the vo yage. and they insure the snceess of tlieii' ei'forts by entrusting" the handling of all programs to a competenl peisonnel in order that tiie tourists, upon their return, will
invite, with a.ssiired snee.ss. the fl ow
have no cause for complaijit. The
(Please turn to page 18)
I artieipale it) f.i- to em-niirage toiirj'-in with that sense of cliarndng
and siilitle manner of which jiros-
pering merchants are past masters. One of (iie most effective adver-
Few regions match Ihierto Rico ii! natural cliai'ms and ap.sfjjetic al
ii ad ions; none surpass it. Due to i Iks<-' favorable' cireiinistanees. our
island is e.xeeptionally <nialified to
Carilihcan Ec-viexQ
Cockfighting is to Puerto Rico What Bullfighting is to Spain Those who have never seen
this ancient sport cannot imagine ivhat action, nerve, c our a g e, viciousness and
fighting spirit these feath ered champions display. Prior to 1882 the ivord
^^gallero^* {cockpit oivner) ivas not found in academic dictionaries, and it is gene
rally believed that t h e otoners of cockpits were not greatly esteemed in social circles, but this condition does not hold true today, as many of the ivealthy, cul
tured men of the best society oivn cockpits and high-priced game cocks of fine breeding.
°/t fy^
/
/Ka-W
Federal Money is Running Wild CONGRESS has given birth to a three Giousand
to Rican Government, as soon as they are turned in,
mitigate the deplorable conditions of the Nation s
dency over five hundred cars and trucks and the mo-
Tnillions dollars long sought for program for homo for lack of operating faci ities. eonstriietions principal aim of the White House to At present there are in operation in this depen poor c'asses in 1&39.
Wo all know that money spent for relief and other purposes in the past four or five years has done nothing noticeable to eradicate permanently not even one of the problems now affecting society and bur dening the government. We are looking on to this wide program of con
biliary mantained covers an investment of several
hundred thousand dollars, in spite that the money was intended for the island's reconstruction.
This
dependency in numerous cases discriminated against
a great number of coffee agricu turers for political
as legitimate part of the Nation and the way money
livalry and i)ermits that money entrusted for bet ter i)urpor:es bo spent in salarying a jjer.sonnel whose ma.iority vorks ils way through towards the end by
involved will be manipulated.
gamb'ing with friendship. Slum clearance has been
structions in what it may affect Puerto Rico's share
Roosevelt's great plans for relief of the poor a fake and the problem of undesirable surroundings and raising the country's industrial and commercial in San Juan and other places will continue to bother auth.critics for many a activities to a dependable standard have been
j-ear to come.
carried out with very
FACTS
little success not with stand iiig the constant
flow of gold streams from the Government
Treasury to all parts of the Nation's territory. At tile beginning of 1938 we are, in fact, very little ahead of 19-
33. The persistent men ace of unemployment, the iiulustrial and com
mercial depression, the stagnancy of the bank
ing industi-y and the struggle for e.xistence of minor businesses reflect, without doubt, the inef-
Since hist Novcmher the PRBA huf; been
making cuts in minor employees in the Acl-
ministrativc and other Divisions on the ground of economy. ConsequentI,y, many heads of fa milies, including veterans, exclusively depend ent on their re'ief income for maintenance are being thrown out, while single weV-to-do boys and girl'< arc ah'owed to stay. Veterans arc dis
placed from their job.s while foreign a'liens stiC Lately the money economized by .mch ca
pricious procedure, was divided among the big bosses of the FRJiA, especially in the Finance Division, where .s<daries have been subdantial'y raised.
ministration to fulfil' its aim and insists, in spite nition, in obtaining more
moiicv to continue the
extiavagaiiza of salar.Ning friends and fla'terers
and pretexting to indtistrialize the island.
A great amount of
ficacy of the healing bil
Puerto Rico has had and is still having one of
failure of the Puerto Ri co Reconstruction Ad
of this voluntary recog
hang to official favor.
lions as heretofore unwise'y and unliberally s|)read at random everywhere by unescrupulous agents.
Recently, Mi'es II. Fairbank, head of this bankrupted dependency, in a public document addressed to Secretary of Interior Harold L. I c k e s, recognizes the
monev was spent by the PI.RA in technicians from the North to study our
pirblems before beginning any enterprise involving ti c a'lolment of large amounts of money. Fairbank
the most vivid examples of this rotten system of surprises public opinion by asserting that the mam spending Federal money without extracting from the l)r( blem of s'um clearance remains unsolved, that is, large amount of the inve.stment the maximum i)rofit the lack of work facilities for the poor clas.ses so that by a wise and effective control of expenditures and they may be able to pay house rent and still live. the profila.xis of coin]ietent conscious auditing. Notwithstanding this fact, without solving this main The Puerto Rico Reconstruction Administration, problem, the phalanstery and the Eleanor Roosevelt tragic e|)ilogue of the PRERA and the FERA, is ( â&#x2013; (gant suburbs were built with the incredible result nearly comming to an end after an acrobatic existence that the poor people of Ea Perla and Miranda will
of over three years and a wild ex|)enditni'e of almost $40,000,000 dollars.
Forcing imagination through the dea's of this corporation we find an asset of few millions dollar;
in sti'uetures that will constitute a burden to the Puerd
probably be condemned to live in the mud and misery, piomineiit in these places, for the rest of their lives,
aP tine to the PRRA s inexcusable ignorance or lack of vision.
(Please turn to page 20)
THE FIRST TRIU M P_H by Jmn B. Huyke
The clock had just struck two.
Captain
General Dufresne
was
about to retire to hLs private quart
ers when his adjutant announced the arrival of a messenger from the west who had brought a ques tion for his decision.
the man said, ''May pleasant bree zes take your ship quickly and safe ly to the north." Commenting later with other high dignitaries of the government upon his act he expressed himself
"What b happening in Mayagiiez?", asked the General. The Adjutant replied, "Two
and Prance have aided and abated
merchant vessels have arrived at
friends of the new nation."
as fellows: "I let him go. Spain the American revolution. We are
"What is the importance of this?"
your act? If Porto Rico .sympathi zes with the new republic, will not
"They are flying the new flag."
the annexation of this country to
"The new flag?"
the United States be easj^ ?"
"Yes, that of the stars and
"We can avoid that" the Gene
stripes." This was 1777, a year after American independence had been
ral stated, "with a good attitude toward our co'ony. I have done
declared.
prevented his leaving. Had he stayed here we would only have one more malcontent among us."
Colonel
Dufresne had
arrived in Porto Rico in 1776, and
only a month ]irevions to this mo named
the schooner "Endawock" and the
fishing-smack ''Henry''. Both car
ried the new flag, which drew the people, full of curiosity, to the har bor.''
The General interrupted, "And why this curiosity?"
"It's the flag of the new Ameri can nation."
He then described the flag- He
said, "It has thirteen stripes of al "Don't you see the danger of
that port."
mentous
sai'ed into the harbor. They were
0 enrrence
Captain
had
been
General of the
Colony. After a cruel, bloody war, the English colonies had at last ob tained their liberty and had launelied the famous document, that im
well.
It is better than if I had
"And if all desire to leave?" "If all de.sire to leave", the Ge
neral repeated slow'y. Finally he si)Gke as a liberal, "What the [)eo-
ple wish should be given to them." The dignitaries who were with Du fresne kei)t quiet as sign of their mortalized Jefrer.son, recognizing re.spect for his authority. "\our the rights of li"e. liberty and the exce lency knows what he is doing," niirsnit of happiness and declaring remarked .seme upon leaving. The that "all men are born free and General smiled, "Your excellency equal." Dufresne had on various occa-
knows what he is doing", he re
peated to himself musingly.
.sicns observed the ha])i)iness our Now while the General was read ])eople had shown over the triumpli ing the report of the me.ssenger of the colonies. One day a man, from the west, he recalled the man whom the local authorities had cap- who had desired to be a citizen of tui'cd, was brought before him. the northern Reiniblic. The rejjort chaiged with attemi)ting to embark wa.: very interesting. It .stated foi- the United Htates. dearly what had hap|)ened in ]\la"What is Ihe crime in that?", .vagiiez and demonstrated elo:)uena: keil t he (leiieisi'. lly the sentiments of the peo|)'e.
"ills so'e aim in jnaking the voy
Dnfiesiie
had
the
messenger
ternate red and white and thirteen white stars on a b'lie field.
"Yes", the General said. He again thought of Porto Rico and of the fate of the small island in time to come.
It was veiy near
the new nation. Would the Span
ish island some day become Ame rican? People were already leaving it to become citizens of the nation
to the north, the nation with which they .symimthized. "Continue" said the General.
The mes.'.enger said that the two American vessels were returning to
the north from Curacao but, when
they saw the English frigate fol lowing them, they decided to enter the port at Mayagiiez. The En glish frigate a'so entered the harbc.'.
The general frowned. He thought how Spain had aided the United States because of her hatred for
England. "What did the people do?" he asked nervousl.v.
"The people flocked to the sea-
^^bore and immediate'y defended the American vessels." "In what manner?"
"When the English frigate en-
leied the port ti'ving to iiitiniidatt
E'" American ships ami deiiianding their snri'ender, the whoh ' 'â&#x2013; anie to the defense of the Ameri
age is to become a citizen of the new re|)ublic." The (teneral meditated for some
giiez.
time. It was a bud example to set for the subjects of the King. Riit
tenant sent does not give an exact impre.s.sion of what has occurreil."
he c(;uld not pi-event it.
st( pped to reconsider. Eina.'ly he
The inessengei' exi)lained: "On the first of August, about ten o'clock in the morning, two ve.s.sels
theji changed the strifies fee Em
."-aid. "I^et him go 'and turnin*'" to
be'onging to the American marine
(Plea.se turn to page 2-)
"After all" â&#x20AC;&#x201D;he started, but
called. "I wish to hear from your lips what ha; occurred in Maya-
The report that the Lieu
can vessels causing them to be run aground .so that the frigate wmi d not captni'e them."
WhaP efsi+iiapiiened ?'
"The peo|)le saved the ciev <ein eee/ing Iheni in the cit.v. '
-■ ■ ■ .;^-'"v• ■ ■
Hon. .Vavnc! V. Vomcnech Fiitfiiiriiil Adrif«)r to the Governor of Puerto Pico
of France in 1795, He represented Puerto Rico in the Supreme Nation
Men of the past By Eugenio Asfol
al Board, which was constituted against the French invasion after the uprising of 1808. He was elected
Vice-President
of the Cortes of Cadiz, where he re-
JOSE CAMPECHE Y JORDAN JUAN ALEJO DE ARIZMENDI pic.-ented the island, obtaining the withdrawal of the Royal Order of (1757 - San Juan - Arecibo - 1814) 1810 which gave full power to the (1752 - San Juan - 1809) The Reverend Father Arizmendi Captains General of Cuba and Some men there are, who it Puerto Rico, and which was once I
would seem. Nature planned espe
cially to accomplish definite work,
and such a man was Jose Campeche y Jordan who from his early chi dhood revealed his talent for
was educated at Caracas, Venezue
la, and was ordained prie.st in San
more put in force by Fernando
to Domingo. He was made Purvey or and Vice-General of that is land. In 1903 (â&#x20AC;˘?) he was appoin
VII, a few years later, said Royal Order having been revoked by the Republican Courts of 1873, when
painting. His father was a painter and gilder, and in his workshop the son fashioned figures of clay which were so good that thej' found
ted Bishop of the Diocese of Puer
the first title of the constitution of
to Rico and while in that high posi tion he worked actively in the foundation of the "Seminario Con-
1869 was extended to Puerto Rico.
ciliar."
ccnce,'>;icn or trust that had sup
purchasers. In fact, as one of his
He officiated as Bishop in the
biographers writes "such was his
public celebration that took jilace,
of San Juan.
instinctive ability for design, that with pieces of charcoal or chalk, he
in account of the inauguration of the Con.stitution (Ju.'y 1812). He
the separation of the Intendencia
used to draw on the sidewalks real ly remarkable pictures of the saints
died while on a pa.storal visit at Arecibo. His body lies in the
and of people of the city." Lack of means prevented
vaults of the Cathedral at San Juan. Arizmendi was the only Puerto Rican ever elected Bishop
his studying in Europe, but nothing could prevent his becoming a real artist, an eminent jiainter, excel
of the is'and. He was a man of
great knowledge, a mode of pre late, and was noted for his char
Through his activities in 1811 a Roya' Order abolished the meat
plied verj'^ poor meat for the people He also obtained
(Administration) from the Gover nor General, and upon liLs recom mendation the notable economist, Alejandro Ramirez, was named Intendant, he having been the first to hold that position in Puerto Ri co.
Among other improvements he
worked for were that the ports of Poncc, Mayagiiez, Aguadi'la and Fajardo be opened to foreign com
ling in the comj)o.sition of religious themes, in which development, the itable sentiments and his evangel Spanish artist, Luis Paredes, once ical piety. merce, whereas before that traffic painter to His Majesty's househo'd, was being made through San Juan. RAMON POWER Y GTRALT and then exil?d in Puerto Rico, Mr. Power died from yellow fe (1775 - San Juan - Cadiz - 1813) contributed to no slight extent bv ver in Cadiz, and his remains were the instruction that he gave him. :Mr. Ramon Power went to school ])laced in the tomb which the muJt is unfortunate that Campeche at Vizcaya, Spain, and later to nicipality of Cadiz erected to the was .so mode.st, that few of his j)or-
Bordeaux, where ho 'earned the
traits were signed. Among those French, after which he entered the
memory of the Deputies of 1812. Power was a man of intelligence
.â&#x20AC;˘:igne.1, however, the picture of Bri- Naval Academy of "Guardias Ma- and character, as proved by the gadiei* don Ramon de Castro is linas" of Cadiz, and in i\Iay, 1792, services he rendered, and his short noieworthy, while the greater part entered the navy as a midshipman. life was pro.Mfie in useful initiatives
of his mystic works are of positive In 1811 became captain of frigate, for liis country. merit.
In addition to his work with the brush, he turned his attention to
having obtained his ju'omotions
through merit. He was the commander of two
He was the first of the island's
legislatoi's as to chronological or der, and was no less prominent war ve.s.sels which made the cruise bolh ai'chitecture and engi-aving. than any of those who worked af between Co.sta Firme and Spain. and the beautiful altar piece at the ter him, a.s regards his works and hermitage of Ilormigueros is one of his creation, as is that of the
main altar in Saint Ann's Church, San Juan.
12
As the commander of a Jiaval di-
VLsion in the waters of Santo Do
his virtues.
mingo he contributed to the con-
(Courte.sy of the Editor of "The
qiie.st of the territory of that is
Book of Porto Rico, Dr. E. Fer
land which had been in the hands
nandez Garcia).
IS
â&#x20AC;˘
LEGALIZE
I
Drawings of the Puerto at two each month, with the c
4 and December 25 designat
greatly increased prizes, ai^ ings.
The grand prize for th ber, 1934, was $20,000.00. T^ December 22, 1937 was $75,1 The purpose of the Loti Here is hc-w I.offrrji Funds (â&#x2013; (rnirihuic to Ji(jlif Tiihcrrulosis.
The Puerto Rico Lottery distributed $3,153,058 in Prizes and $1,874,466.92 for Health and Charities up to
Jan. 31, 193k Of the latter amount $980,075.31 has help
ed finance the campaign against tuberculosis, conducted by the Department of Health; $532,879.51 has been sup plied to assist municipalities of the second and third clas ses, solely and exclusively in the services of health and municipal charity and $361,512.10 has been provided for the support of four district hospital units now^ in con struction, which shall consist of three hundred beds each, and shall include the services of medicine, surgery, ob stetrics, pediatrics, dispensary ambulance and social work
provide the Department of funds for fighting tuberculc palities of the second and charitable and hospital expf ation of the Lottery has proi 000 for these specific needs. The number of tickets f
tery varies irom time to tim demand.
All of the tickets ai
are not permitted to return
service.
The Lottery, established as a Bureau of the Insular
Treasury in 1934, has been operated at a cost of 4.3% of the income from the sale of tickets. The Lottery budJCet and all disbursement are regulated by law. Prizes total 60% of the gross value of tickets issued. There have been Lottery drawings twice each month commenc
ing with the Christmas drawing in December, 1934, the fi rst under the present law.
For many decades prior to the ch mge from Spanish sovereignty in 1898 Puerto Rico had had a Lottery. It was then abolished, and the fi rst Insular Legislature made ihe operation of a lottery illegal. After a lapse of 34 vears the Legislature reestrblished the Lottery as a re venue measure, the revenue'^ to be used for specific pur
poses. During the years when the island was without Its own lottery it is estimated that several hundred thou
sand dollars each year w^re spent here for lottery ticki-ts irom Spain, Santo Domingo, Cuba and elsewhere.
Anolhpr graphic deinonstration of 7 Wf{1 Thifi ifi.siif trill
TO
RICO ■■■
Rico Lottery are fixed by law Irawings falling nearest July ed as "extraordinary", with I' the others ordinary draw-
^^first big drawing in DecemI'e grand prize announced for
300.00.
ery, as outlined by law is to Sanitation with additional
isis, and to provide municithird class with money for mses. The successful operdded approximately $1,900,-
br each drawing of the Lote according to the estimated ■e sold for cash to agents who unsold tickets. At present
Mcfliral sviencc he'prd hy J.oftery Funds to hrnrfit n sirk'y hunKniify.
there are 238 agents, and the number of tickets available
to each agent is fixed by contract. Each agent gives ijond for the faithful performance of his or her contract.
Tickets for ordinary drawings sell for $5.00 to $6.00
and each ticket is divided into twentieths. The selling price
for extraordinary drawings is determined by the amount
of prizes offered. Agents have a discount of 20% from
the sales prices of ordinary tickets, and 15^;. from the price of extraordinary tickets.
The law limits prizes to 60%. of the gross value
tickets issued each drawing. Because of the higher pro
ceeds from the two "big" drawings each year, as well as ihe smaller commission allowed agents on these draw
ings, the Lottery has distributed 31.8% of its gross in
come for health and charitable purposes.
Each drawing is public and is supervised by a iurv of from three to five members whose selection is approved by the Treasurer of Puerto Rico. The jury chairman inspects all Lottery apparatus the day before the draw ing, after which the prize balls and numbered balls are
jnit under seal. This inspection is in addition to a trinle
examination of the balls and an inspection of all T,ntti)'v mechanism by Lottery officials. ^
otfery at the Hcrricc of H''aVh <in(t ciix-ulule hy mail)
Interest in the Lottery has grown from the beean :ng, as indicated by a growing patronage. Prizes have been increased in amount, and the distribution has been increased by law from 50 to 60':, of the value of the tick ets. The first grand prze was for $20,000 00 This was for the drawing in December 1934. Since tlien thlaggest grand prize offered was $75,000.00 for the last December, twenty second dr.^winfr. while the next Tulv
grand prize has been fixed at $75,000.00.
r JSAX -TT'AX OF TODAY AXD tomorrow
{( ontinued from pajie 5) Jn the North tliey are used to that phenomenon ; that is why tliey
smooth the way for the develop ment of cities. The far-seeing mu nicipal assemblies of the XIX cen
tury explain ])erfectly why New
Y ork is today a clean cut city to which one can come from all di
rections, instead of being a laby rinth. The modern municipal au-
The growth of cities is in direct
thirty-seven millions inhabitants
other spirit they will know how to
because there has not been an
correct the errors of their ances-
easy way of communication for the
toi-s, and San Juan will be a beau
tiful city, the pride of the Antiple would necessitate. Neverthe lies and of America, that city less, the development of aviation, which many minds see fast advanwhich jumps over the greatest dis (ing from Puerta de Tierra to the tances in short time, not only picturescjue Buen Consejo of Rio makes po.s.sible, but necessary, this Piedras, from the piei*s to far away
area which such a number of peo-
iirbs which humanity never dream
Catano, everything
ed of.
wonderful metropolis, which needs but careful planning to be a must
fliorities take due precautions as to
tl)e future of the city wliose popu
In the United States the railway
lation in the year 2000 is said will be thirty-seven million inhabitants. In Porto Rico we do not foresee and plan ahead enough, and due to this lack of prevision the future .San Juan seems destined to be de-
companies and the electric rail ways further the develojjment of cities by establishing means of com
])rived of beauty and comfort. To
The future generations will face
have the appearance of a daughter of contingency, born witli good na
great difficulties as they will find
tural disposition, but which, due
terday, have not paid due attention to the laying out of ]mrk.s and s<|uares, iioi- even to such a rudi-
to lack of preimration is not what it should be.
a*1.. .
mentaiy thing as the intelligent
relation with the progress made in laying out of streets and avenues. the means of communications. But as those generations will have There has not yet been a city of another type of education and an
munication.
Thus they
increase
tiieir ]n-ofits and honor themselves by aiding ^irogress.
beautiful one.
points to a
That is the San
Juan of tomorrow less ei>ic than
that of yesterday, more i)raetieal and enterprising even than that of today; in othei- words, a greater
San Juan, a truly "rich post", rich in commerce, education, enter-
].rise and all those things that make a great city.
tliat tlie men of today, and of yes
(Courtesy, of the Editor of "The Book of Porto Rico" - Dr. E. Fer nandez (tarcia)
'Wf- .L.r,
. ^
>0^
Coconut Pulms Near Stin Juan, /s/a VercJe, .S'tz-jj Juan. P. p Caribbean
A Briel History of the Parent-Teacher Associations in Puerto Rico The educational activities of our
{By Eloy Eslrada)
were confined almost entirely to the
c'assioom, the school receiviufr no outside cooperation from the liome or the community. The modern
President of the Insular League of Parent-Teacher Associations
a League were discussed and final
cle of activities beyond the class
ly approved. This League of Par
operate in the great problems con fronted by the teacher and the child in the process of education. As a
and the community haA'e been es tablished Avith the funds of the As
sociations. A these
school system has extended its cir room offering an opportunity to both jiarents and teachers to co
and poor children. In some case.s
libiaries for the use of the pupils
early school system in Puerto Rico
good
AssGciatioas
number
of
have erected
lunchrooms buildings, fences to protect th? school grounds and cis
ent-Teacher Associations has been
terns to supply water for their local
functioning very successfu ly up to date. It represents almo.st all
f'choo's, Avith the money they have
the municii)al and local as.sociation.s of the Island. The local associa
bought pianos, radios victrolas and
i cciired.
Some of them haA'e also
result of the.se activities, associa tions were established forming a
tions are formed bj' the i)arents or
other equipments and supp les for the schools in Avhich they are or
guardians of the children attend
ganized.
ckser contact and a better under
ing school, and by the teachers. At
At the present moment the Board
standing between the school, the
the beginning cf each school year
of Directors of the Insular League
a general meeting of parents and
of Parent-Teacher A.ssociatioas is
teacheis is held in each .school
organizing a drive to afiliate with
was organized by the "Practice
bui'ding, for the purpose of elect
School of the Univei-sity of Puerto
the National Congress of Parents and. Teachers. They are also making efforts to gain the affilia tion of eA'ery local associations to the League and also to secure co
home and the community.
The first association of this kind
Rico" in 1914, under the name of
ing a "Board of Directors" Avhich Avill conduct the activities of the
"The i\Iothers Association." Dur
organization during the year. Other
ing the same year the MunicipaUty
meetings are held for the discus
of IJtuado, located in the heart of sion and approval of plans tend the Island, established the "Com ing to the imi)rovement of the con mittee on School and Agricultural ditions in the .schools and the com-
Development." Short'y afterAvards Parent-Teacher As.sociatioiis Avere e.stablished in different tOAvns and rural districts ol the aa'IioIc country. Tlie number of these Associations had increased so rapidly and the in-
tere.st on the part of the members AA'as so great that in 1923 it AAa.s decided to organize an Insular
League. To this effect an AssembiA of a,U the Parent-Teacher Associa
m unit A'.
Statl^tic.s obtained lately sIioaa' that there are 1258 Parent-Teacher
Associations in Puerto Rico, of Avhich IfiS are functioning in the urban zones and 1090 in the rural districts. Of these Associations over 900 are afi'iated to the Insular League at the ]n-e.sent time. The Avork of these A.ssociations
has proved to be of great practical
tions existing in the Island, togeth'Cr with the Annual C onA'ention of the Puerto Rico Teacher's As
value and it is due to their efforts and initiative that the health con ditions of our children have been
sociation, Avas held in the city ot
greatly improved by ])roviding aid
Caguas, Avhere by-laws and regula
toAvards school lunchrooms, shoes,
tions for the organization of such
clothing and medicine for orphans
Cari^hem Seview
operating members.
Welfare of childhood, suece.ss of
the school and cultural dcA'e'opment AA'ere the altruistic and pa
triotic principles that inspired the croation of the.se associations. They are worthy of ])rais^^ and congrat
ulations on the jiart of cA'cry good citizen. It can be ascertained, in conclusion, that through these or
ganizations a better s|)irit and dis])o.sitioM of friendshi\) and confi dence amrng the ])arents and tea
chers has been assured, Avhich is he ping largely in the development of the fourfold program of modern
education, namely, the physical, mental, .social and moral problems effecting the chi.'d.
17
tourist
gold
and
the
SPANISH MAIN
(Continued from page 6)
of wealth of a well-organized tour
is the beginning of understanding. tes. A temperate climate with the A localitj' can not appreciate another, and much le.ss be concern ed with its fate. unle.ss it knows it, becomes acquainted with its his tory, and learns to appraise its me
heat of the sun mitigated by the trade-winds; a somewhat irregular
tcpogi'aphy; a luxuriant fl ora which embraces the gamut of green
in al' its hues; beautiful panoramas
spread out as. miracles cf color and haimeny; clear, limpid streams
ist business which will become an inexhaustible source of fruitful and well-distributed benefits.
misfortune. Geogra])hically isol ated and lacking the initiative
While speaking of benefits we should not forget that they are
to attract the attention of others, we have drifted along into a state
of two kinds: one is remunerative,
of deplorable anonymity. And it
that Ls, it represents the financial income, and the other is spiritual and relates to the advantages de rived by visitors gaining a know ledge of a country visited by them. There is no doubt that among loealitifts, as among individuals, a
can net be said that it is due to our territorial smallness, because the
mutual human undei'standing is
si.steney of llawaiians in advertis ing the attractions of their coun-
there is any country that has na
tr\, has overcome the indifference of other races, desjjite isolation,
charm its. visitors, that country is
absolutelj' necessary in order tliat â&#x20AC;˘^bey may appreciate each other. Thus, when a district has been for
rits. And this has so far been onr
eloquence of a consummated fact will contradict such an assertion. T1le Hawaiian island.s, each ol them smaller than ours, are better known
abroad than our island. The per-
some time a tourist center, that
lost in the vastness of the Pacific
fact has
ocean.
contributed to make it
known to the re.st of the world, because its visitors, on their return,
have devoted themselves to jn-aising the attractions of that j)ortion of the planet. The knowledge we
WE
HAVE
EVERY
ADVAN
TAGE
Has our island the essential con
t! action for tourists .' We believe it
piO|)aganfla has been so beneficial
to these countries that when some
of them were involved in the world war the sympathy of many neuti-als was influenced towards them. The tragedy in which our island a.ssumes the princijjal role in its
relations with the continent is due l^orhaps, to no other cau.se than the
Jack of knowledge which the peo
has. because as we have said be
fore, few countries match oui's in j atui'al charm and attractions, ju ne supasses it.
The e.\)>erienced and cultured traveller, aftej- an in.sj)ection of ( ur monumental forts and palaces f)f colonial ai'chitecture, our beautifid and famous cities finds him-
.sdf impressed by the process of histoi-ic trausfoi'ination here exem-
jilified.
Our island offers to keen
obsei vers, as would no other place,
the opportunity to vei'ify an evo
ple of the United States have of lutional develoi)ment I'eally won Puerto Rico. I am (|uite sure that derful. it an intimate knowledge of Puer to Rico and the ethnic and sociolo gical chai'acteristics f)f its inhabit
ants had been diffused among our
Puerto Rico is an Eden, and if tural
attractions to
please
and
our island. If to the work of na ture there is addetl the decided
doutedly our efforts will be crown ed by succes.s. nations is in direct relation to the
ability or inability of their inha bitants to accpiire riches. The peo ple who know how to produce enough for local consumption and, if jiossible, to have a surplus for cxticrt, avoid the future economic de|)re.ssion.s. We must admit that the tourist indu.stry is one of the
most profitable of all industries. Let us think earnestly of the ad vantages which our Island will re ceive if a favorable 0|)inion is created for the encouragement and
attraction of touri.sts, because by so doing we will be working for Hie spiritual aggrandizement of our native land, and thus contri
bute to redeem it from its present c- c0n o m ic lethargy.
Jf to this we add the most im-
pertant factoi- in impressing tin;
loin ist with the climatological superi(,rity of the country he pro-
fellow-citizens of the Noidh. the ])oses to visit, we must inevitably status of our native land would be
ISLAND IS AN EDEN
The prosjierity or ])overty of
Belgium, Italy, Poland, and Swit-
miough to visit them. And this
l:'.ndscai)es where the sun 'aunches its g( Iden arrows to the skies at dawn, and magnificent conflagrat ion ; nights of enchantment.
I urpose of it.^ inhabitants to make
ditions to become a center of at-
of i)eison.s who have been fortunate
inarvclou.s sunrises in magnificent
of it a playground for touri.sts, un-
have of such countries as France. zciland, is derived, more than from anything else, from the narratives
which fall in airy cascades, to glide
tlnrugh verdant fields to the .sea;
ASK
FOR
CARIBBEAN REVIEW
conclude that our island has an ex
different today since knowledge ceptional offering whicli makes it
establishes a relationship, an^ this a Meca for pilgrims from all rou
CARBIAMHERS Carihican Jtevicw
m ft
details by competent goverfiiuent officials and their
FEDERAL MONET...
solution is being carried oji slowly but steady iiitli (Continued from page 8)
excellent results for the last ten years.
All Federal agencies established in Puerto Rico have at all sight failed to accomplish what wa.s ex
Rural Rehabilitation and other industrial i)'ans will continue to remain among the dust of office shelve.s if Fairbank expects to develcpe them in a non-
pected of them and it is time for the Fedei-al autliorities to put an end to this irresiionsible business.
competiting basis with mainland industries as he em phasizes in his address to Ickes.
For fear that the new millions, now aimed to ic'case the le.-s fortunate classes from the fiery claws
Washington Administration, uj) to now, has dis regarded State Legislatures and 'ocal governments to
of iinescrupulous landlords and landladies, may fall
handle the Recovery IMillions and with quite a worthy exception outstanding to account for the procedure, it entrasted the money in the hands of inexinn-t poli ticians which damned the peop'e's needs, sank their hands in piles of reluctant raonej' and filled their
pockets and bank accounts with regularly well fed
in the hands of these i literates of economy is that
we warn ak classes in need of such aid throughout the Nation to come to the defen.se of their right., b.\ peti
tioning Washington Authorities to entrust this new money, through the ])roper channels, in the cf honorable citizens constituent of the State or Terlitopial local power.
Treasury Notes.
We consider the Insular Government an organ
Fortunately, Federal authorities are still in time
to attend to tliis matter with a view to protect the ization cai)ab e of looking over and handle Federal people's interests in the best way possible. Money with unremarkable capacity antl honesty with the gieat advantage that all problems, social and eco L. KORTRIGIIT nomic, affecting our island have been studied in full
, f'M
A bcoidifii.' diJOni;:Ji Pafio
seen in San Juan.
CariObvdii
DO
YOU
0 W?
K
Co-Editor's Page for Children WHY TREES DO NOT HAVE LEAVES IN WINTER
Wlicii fall comes the leaves of all
klndf*. come clown, dowm, down. But
fortunately the leaves do not fall from the ever{?reens, for if this should happen, what would we do
shrubs with broad leaves that stay on all winter. But if you look at these leaves closeW you will see
that they too are tough and slip
What is meant hy Home
freeze during winter they will be all ready for it, just as the ever
c.oiomicsf
greens of the North are.
Home economics is the organized knowledge which treats of food,
Now, why is that these trees lose
winter? Of course, we like to see the leaves fall.
We like to rake
them up and jump into pi'es of them. And they help us to make our flowerbeds and rosebashes snug and warm for the winter. But all
these things do not help the trees. The best way to learn why trees lose their leaves when winter comes is to find out what woukl hai)pen
THE LITTLE ROSE TREE
clothing, shelter and household
Every rose on the little tree
management in their physical, eco nomic and social aspects as related
Is maJcing a different face at me!
to the life and welfare of the in
Some looJc surprised when I pass hy. And others droop â&#x20AC;&#x201D; hut they are shy. These two who.se he<ids together press
dividual, the famih' and the com munity.
Ten secrets I could never guess. Some have their heads thrown back to
How much does it raise the
temperature of a refrigerator to open the door?
(sing
And all the buds are listening.
I wonder if the gardener knows, Or if he calls each just a ro.se.
if these Irees should keep their
leaves through the winter. In the
HOME ECONOMICS
pery ; so even if it does snow or
for our Chiitsmas trees?
their pictty leaves and are as bare a.", dead trees all through the long
to the who'e western world by Mercator, the geographer, in 1541.
EACHEL FIELD
It has been found that opening the door of a refrigerator raises the temperature from one to three de grees.
first place, most of the summer 'caves are so soft and delicate that
HISTORY
the high wiiuN of winter would tear them to i)ieces. And they are How long a period does Ame .VQ broad and flat that the heavy rican History coverf .spowstorms would weigh them down and break the branches even According to the Dictionary of more than the snow would. Then, American dates, the History of too. the ground is usually frozen America goes back to 450 A. D. In in wintei*. so the tree.s cannot get this year, a Budhist mis.sionary is
Should a floor of a room he lighter or darker than the wal'ls? When practicab'e, the darkest tones should be used for floors or
floor coverings, lighter tones for walls, and the lightest of all for ceiling. ANIMALS
the water that the leaves need, and said to have visited Fu Sang, sup if the 'eaves could not get the water posed to have been America.
W hen was the first mule hred
they would dry out and wilt.
in the United States?
Now, the rea.son why evergreen
trees can keep their leaves in win ter is because they are made so that storms and freezing weather do not
harm them. The tiny "needles" in all the evergreen trees in the North are so thin and slippery that .snow s'ides right off them. And
they are so small and tough that they do not dry out in freezing weather.
On what date did V. S. Con
stitution go into effect?
The Bureau of Animal Industry say.s that the fii-st mule bred in this
The Constitution of the United States w'as declared to be in effect the fir.st Wednesday of March 1780.
country of which it has a record
is one bred by George Washmgton. The first jack brought to this country was presented to him by
What part of the wo)'>!d was first cabled America.'
the King of Spain.
Ho animals other than dogs The name of Amercia was first
suffer from rabies?
If you happen to live in the applied to Centr?.l Brazil, in honor South or other temperate eountHâ&#x201A;Ź8
of Amerigo Vespucci, who claimed
its discovery. It was ^irst applied
Cases of rabies have been ident"
(Please turn to page 88)
THE FIRST triumph
To the Governor and the
(Continued from page 10)
Legislature
flag* of Spain to indicate that the
americans were under the protect ion of its flag.
"Good Lord, the people have done this", exclaimed the General excitedly.
"The people of ilayagliez did exactly what I have told Your ex-
It lias been revealed lately, tliat
Polieemen, a.s well as other gov ernment emjiioyees are entitled to
jiciicemeu all o\'er the island are wcrlfing from G A. il. to G P. i\I.
annual leave.
and from 7:80 P. il. to 11:80 P.
rious data if this iiliase of the po
1\1. a total of IG hours. After work
lice prob'ein be investigated. Few montlis ago. iiatrolman Pe
ing tlie regn'arly daily scheduled hours, that is, form G A. 1\I. to G
It will reveal a cu
P. M. they are required to assist
terson nn't with death while sitting on a rear window at the Oliver
have done."
night force from 1Y> P. M. to 11
Theater in Arecibo compelled by
"General", â&#x20AC;&#x201D;one of his aides spoke resiiectfully, but dared not
80 P. if.
The efficiency standard of the
extra time after liis regular 12 hour
continue as Dufresne .stared haugh tily at him. Finally the General asked, "A war with England? Ls that what you mean ? Xothing would ]jlease His IMajesty diaries
police is. therefore, torn to pieces for nobody expects efficient service
tcur had been, served. It has been
from a worn down body, handicaped by exce.ssive work, under-
ing his SIXTEENTH hour :deepiiig in the tragic window when he
nrurisliment, and insnfficient re.st
fall flat to the street and killed him
to bring norina'ity to an upset her-
self.
ceMency."
"Well I approve everything they
III more than such a news." "You approve of the action of
the people?, asked the ad.iutant. "1 approve of it heart!,'y." "You see no danger?" "Enough". A few minute.s later the com
plaint of the commander of the English frigate was handed to tiie
regulations to assist night force in
A'oiis .system. While Xew York and
authorities concerned to act aecor-
come of .^loO. our public servers
dinglv.
earn $S().
DO YOU KXOW?
ivild tifjcr or lion, or one born in captivity?
(Continued from page 21)
the partiality tJie people of Maya-
ified among* cats, cattle, swine and Jioi.ses.
giiez liad shown toward the .socidled Americans. He said that
Which is the easier to train, a
timsr men were Kng!i.sh subjects and that Eiiglan^l iiad a right to
CARIBBEAN REVIEW expects
otlier cities policemen have an in
General.
The Commander complained of
coneliuled that Peterson was serv
i\renagerie men and animal trainer.", say tliat a jungle tiger or lion, if caught young, is easier to train than one born in caiitivity.
icca])tme them.
nufresne stated that the iieojde of Mayaguez had acted in a cor rect manner. He said: "Tliesp
])eople who have raised the fia<r nf .Spain over the American vessels have done right. Our government has recognized the new Republic and her vessels may enter our ports and receive protection." He then ordered tlie "Gla.sgow" to leave the jmrt at once unless it wished to jirovoj^e trouble.
Shortly after the frigate left the Jtarbor.
The Amei-iean sailor.s and tlie jx'ople of Mayagiiez then celebrated the fiJ'.st t]*inm|)li of tlie Star.s and .Stripes on Porto Rican soil.
Cathedral, San Juan, P. p.
It was a stmset of wonder.
There was a smell saturating
There was pleasure in the sky Tliat in ways I can not ponder (lave nie joy, T know not why.
'1 he entire area of i-oad and tields.
It was tliat of .sugar making the toi fill sugar mills.
Tlieie was beauty around the mountains,
1 felt glorious faseinatiiin
Over valleys, rivers, lakes; Sweet murmurinfr at the fountains
At the eutieiug reereation
Of the kind God only makes.
1 hat it gave me as new grace
Theie wa.i jrreat mapfieiaii's {rleaminp;,
And so misterious devotion. Was becoming within me That I perceived a notion
Chaiminp: tints of {riowinpr grauze That the clouds vaporous weaving Made inviting to repose.
Tiiere were pastures full of cattle, Pacing hor. e,s in the lanes, At the roads, of ox-earts rattle. At long range, acres of canes.
At the eueliautment of the place.
Of i\Iy God and could Him see.
Could Him see in alluring grandour So magiiificent'y well
That 1 could feel His splendor r>ut II is Greatness can not tell.
AXnUES jrSTlCTA
Caribbean Sev\ew
Our
Theaters
During' the last ten years the
MARTl, Ponce de Leon Ave.,
Editorial — — — — — —
The UNITED THEATERS Inc.,
perseverance of Rafael Ramos Cobian and Eduardo R. Gonzalez, President and Vice-President res
pectively, of the Corporation which operates over fifteen theaters in
Leon
Ave.,
ENCANTO, Fernasdez Juncos
Ave. Sto}) 15.
PARAilOUNT, Ponce de Leon xVve., Stop 17.
POPl LAR. Ponce de Leon Ave..
Stop 241/2-
in
Puerto Rico —
17
By Eioy Eftradu
21
Co-Editors Page for Children
25.
A Puerto Rican Sunset
23
By Andres Justieia-
IMAR.TI. Boriiuiuen Ave. Barrio Obrero.
(JTRTAIN BETWEEN LA CONCEPCION AND LA PALM A
MUNICIPAL THEATRE. Plaza
BASTION
dc Cclon. San -luan. It
THE CATHEDRAL
was ee.nsti'ueted betwi^en the
years 1(53(5 to 1(538 with Insular fuuds and has never been u.sed as
SAN JUAN CITY :\Ioving Rictures
This was construrted in the year 1527 with
Island funds
derived
fiom private subscriptions. It was luine;! by cartlupiakes ami hur1 iriiiies ill the years l(il5 and 17s7. It
wa
bt iug begun
a f(.i tification. There being several ju ivate ii^sidenees facing said wall. Avhieh foims a part of Tetuan St.. it was. used as a jiublie street and
afterwards, work
l>ropeity holders thereon have ae(piiied. since late in the XVIII
November 2(5. 1S02.
century, the rigrt of way. through
rebuilt
with funds from the same source
usage.
and a. ta.x levied on all the Munici
palities (if the Island, voted by
bread.
the C,.(.rtes at Madrid. September
has been repaired and maintained with island funds until October,
ENREKA, Ponce de Leon Ave. 2, 1811, consisting of two "cuar-
Caribbean Jitvii'W
Associations
Do You Know.' — — — —
T 11 E A T E R S
Stop 5.
Teacher
I\IARTf, San iMateo Ave.. Stop
ner Brothers.
Moving Pictures
By Eugenio Adol
A Biief History of Parent-
SAVOY. Leiza St.
PUERTA DE TIERRA
12
Stop 22.
liafae' G. Alarti controls for his theaters all tilm^ produced by War
St.. .Marina.
10
Alen of the Past —
Ave., Stoi) 21.
playing the chain name MARTl.
TRES BANDKRAS Comereio
The First Triumph By Juan B. UuyTce
SAN JOSE. Loiza St.
MARTI. San Just') St. RIALTO. Salvador Bran St. JjUNA. Rafael Cordero St.
8
PI ERTO RICO. Ponce de Leon
( APITOL. Ponce de Leon Ave.,
cpeiated throughout the city.
6
By Loiti.s Kortright
prising and commercial spirit ows
Other independent theaters are
]\Iain By Bafarl Sancho Bond
Step 17.
DELICIAS, Fernandez Juncos Ave. Stop 2.'1.
City at night with their beacon-like
Bil M. M' artinet Pier
NUEVO, Lippitt Ave. Stop 1(5. Federal ]\loney is Running Wild !MART1, Ponce de Leon Ave.,
The third man in the business is Rafael G. ^larti to whose enter
electric signs in red and green dis-
5
Tourists Gold and the Spanish
Stop 15.
the locality.
San Juan a chain of mo lerji built theaters which beautify the Capital
San Juan of Today and To morrow
LIBERTY, Ponce de Leon Ave.,
pioneers of the j^resent industry, worked its way along through bad times due to the conse(juence and
de
Stop n.
ecpiiped theaters for motion picture and vodevil shows.
Bii OUvci" Shaw
Moving Pictures
ccnti ibuted to this steady progress,
establishing all over San Juan and its barrios modern built and well
3
SANTURCE
Three men, young, energetic, en
terprising and almost daring, have
THIS ISSUE Page
FOX, l^once
land.
IN
Stop fii/j.
theatrical business lias been raised
to a very high standard of profi ciency placing the motion i)icture show industry among the most promissing and dependab'e on tlie is
CARIBBEAN REVIEW
tos" (one cent) on each loaf of
Since its construction
it
1898. 25
Juan Ponce de Leon Carnival True to its traditions of many many thousands of bulbs and of centuries, Puerto Rico has always giant searchlights emitting rays of celebrated the anual Carnival sea-
varied colors.
con with added splendor and gaie Another event which is scheduled ty as the years roll by. In 1937, to provide interest for all visitdrs, with a view to make such ho iday and which ha.s been organized on period more attractive to tourists, the basis of the practical experience the Government of tlie Island, un gained last yeai, is the hiatorical der the administration of the Hon. representation of the Siege of San Blantcn Wimship, officiary lent its Juan by the Dutch, occurred in support to tlie
celebration.
The
Carnival was then permanently de
happy and frolicsome balls and dance.s, will also be part of the Ge neral Program arranged for the 1938 Ponce de Leon Carnival.
Public building.s in the city pro per, and private residences in the ai istoeratic suburbs, will be atrac-
t ively decorated and festooned with garlands of natural flowers; and the full carnivalesqiie spirit of fun
1625; to which will be addecl a His
and hapjiiness will be found evi
torical Pageant, showing the pro-
dent in the continuous battles of
signated with the name of Ponce gres.s made in Puerto Rico in all confetti, the flinging of streameio, -PE Leon, thus honoring that great its jihases, throughout the years fit ating of balloons and other prac figure of history, original settler since its discovery by Columbus tical expressions of revelry and
of Puerto Rico and its tirst Gover nor General, Don Juan Ponce de
in 1493.
The Coronation of the Queen of
Children will also have their par
Leon, noted conquistador and see
the Carnival —illss Puerto Rico—
ticipation in the festivities organ
ker of the legendary Fountain of and of the seven Princesses, rep A'outh.
Because, of the .success attained
resenting the .seven districts into
frolic.
ized. with the selection of a King
and Queen, in which the seven dis
which the Island is divided jiolit-
in the festivities of last years, mark
tricts of the Island will be repre-
ically, null conditute an eventful
ed with pleasant recol'ections both
social and ])ublie ceremony, sur
s e n t e d. Coronation ceremonies, Conte.sts and a Baby Parade are
in the Island and far beyond its rounded by unusual .sumptuoirs- special event.; for the younger ele borders, keen anticipation has been
widely felt for the forthcoming 1938 PoNTE DE Leon Carnival,
he.' •. and showy brilliancy, hardly to be matched anywhere else. As
ment.
an atldcd attraction, one hundred
another of the appealing attract
A mammoth
Carnival
Fair is
which has now been announced for beautiful girls, arrayed in very ions ])repared for the period of the period from February 18 to striking military uniforms, will Jicsta. A siilcndid array of amuse March 1. jire. ent a .series of drills during the ments, thi illing sjieetacles and
The genera' program of events ceiembny of the Coronation which
oilier mean; of diversion have been
outlined, give a most appealing as
wil' be conducted in the brilliantl.v
surance of omusua] rounds of diver
eontraeted fi( m abroad speeiall.v
illuminated Parade Grounds of El
for the Fair.
sion,;, far superior to that of pre ceding years.
horcmost in the preparations
Morro.
One week before the Coronation,
the ceremony of the Proclamation
I'l'simme of amusements.
and Ball held in one of the leading
iSpceial theatrical pro luctioiis have been arranged, and Night
nmde for this next Ponce de Leon take, place, in a Grand Reception
Carnival is a more advanced rejieti
t on of the 1937 illumination of the resorts of the Cajiital City. Socie city of San Juan and its suburbs. ty turns out in full force tor this Ihose who were fortunate to at e>ent, the ])reliniinary in a series tend last year we'l remember the of gayest social functions.
lascinating effect given nightly by
the myriads of lights surroundinn-
Fiicworks and pyrotechnic dis plays will be added to the pro-
A Par-rle of Floats, with magni
llio facades of the more importairt ficent prizes for the mo.st artistical ly' decorated in natural flowers and buildings, garlands of bulbs a'ong for those of a commercial nature;
Life in cabarets and rc-^orts will be ])iovided with extra talent import ed from the mainland and other jilaces.
As may be noted, the twelve days duration of these Carnival fe.stici ties will be crowiled with events
and acts designed to jirovide .joy and entertainment t<. the spirit of cultural contest, in which the imaing a mo.sl brilliant ensemble that ginaticn and intelligence of the all visilors. that each and every one brought to the Capita' (,f the Is]i:irticipants will be put to a test; may find full enjoyment in their hiiid the appclalion of "'('itv of s'reet parailes of mask"d revelers ewn i)articnlar manner. Inglit-<." ,\ greater eff(.r1 \vj|| l)o ami mnmimu"'<. ;ic<'ompauied by ga_\ It is need'css to . a.\' t hat I be charmade in 1!>3H to further earn this groups ryf minslipl - and dancers: iu tori;.-:tir-v of hospitality and eour.- ingulfir title, by the addition of verv important sports events, and (Plea.se turn to page 27)
the sjiacious thoroughfares, provid''-
Caribbean jRevicm
e of P
UISIT
PUERTO RICO
Any travel agent in your community is fully informed and able to help you plan your trip to Puerto Rico wisely and economicallyj pleasantly and pro^ fitable. Considt him freely at any time^ or address your inquiry to INSTITUTE OF TOURISM (iovfriiiiRiit of Puerto Rieo (530 Fiftli Avenue
New York
Did You Know: That Puerto Rtco
year in articles produced or nianni'actnred in the
States i-ice over taking its purchases to 56 of all the rice exported from the United States, i. e.. more
United States of America.
than all the rest of the countries of the world together.
SPEXT inoiv tlijin $77,000,000 in rlie last fiscal
liUYS 10',( of the total nonri.sh products export ed from Ihiited States, that is, more than any other
IS the third in importance as market of lard of
foreijiii contry \vith the exception of Great Britain
the United States, buying i)ractical,1y twice more the (piantity than European countries. Puerto Kico buys
and Canada.
17tl>''f of all the lard exported from U. S.
OCCUPIED the seventh place as market of i)rodiicts of United States over foreijrn countries among
a proportion of MOO'; since 181)8.
HAS increased matriculation in public schools in
them, Italy, .Mexico, Spain and China.
HAS increased its annual expenses for educatio BUYS 10'f of the total wheat flonr exported from the Continent, and occupies the second place in
nal purposes in a i)roportion of 28()()'( since this country belong to United States.
importance between all the markets of I'. S. the ]irodiicers and the millers are dea'ing with.
SEXDS hundi-eds of students every year to study in colleges and universities of the U. S.
BUYS 1 2'/ of the total cigarettes exported from
tile United States, tiiat is. :noi-e than all the Enro))ean (â&#x20AC;˘(aintries together.
PUERTO RICO is a po.ssesion of U. S.. since
181)1) in connection with the treaties that put and end to the Spanish-American War. The Puertoricans are
IS the lii-eatest nnyer of .shoes made of tan leather
in the United States, and hny more leather shoes than all the rest of the foreign countries together.
SPEXDS $l).()()().()l)() every year in the United
citizens of U. S. The island i.s a part of U. S. Tlie commerce of Puerto Rico is handled iindei" tariffs
and trade laws of the U. S. using American shii.s.
^ngar Pr(Âťducers Association of P. R.
T:-'WTfT-*.
JOIN
THE SANS SOUCI BEACH CLUB KM. 4, H. 4
ISLA VERDE, LOIZA ROAD, SANTURCE, PUERTO RICO
DANCING
SWIMMING
The finest bathing resort in Puerto Rico. One hundred bath houses, new showers and other improvements.
SPECIAL OFFER: For one dollar you can enjoy every day, during a whole month a refreshing swin in the safest beach in the island. Free use of Club House, bath house, showers and free parking space for your car. Ice cold beer and other drinks at lower prices to members. JOIN
NOW!This offer holds good during March only. After March membership fee will cost you $3.00 instead of one dollar. If you join NOW your renewals will only cost you one dollar
instead of $3.00 per month. Mail your name, address and membership fee of one dollar to:
R. S. GAUTIER, Manager, Sans Souci Beach Club, Km. 4â&#x20AC;&#x201D;H4, ISLA VERDE
Santurce, Puerto Rico.
TOURISTS AND VISITORS, WELCOME!-