HOGENT - Houttechnologie - Stabiliteit

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Hoofdstuk 1 Krachten ................................................................................ 2 1.1 Begrippen ...................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Het voorstellen van krachten ........................................................................................... 2 1.3 Samenstellen van krachten ............................................................................................. 3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.3.4 1.3.5

Resultante van krachten .......................................................................................................................... 3 Samenstelling van 2 krachten met zelfde aangrijpingspunt ........................................................................ 3 Samenstelling van 2 samenlopende krachten met verschillend aangrijpingspunt, die in ĂŠĂŠn vlak liggen. ........ 4 Samenstelling van 2 evenwijdige krachten met zelfde richting .................................................................... 4 Samenvatting ......................................................................................................................................... 5

1.4 Ontbinden van krachten.................................................................................................. 6

Hoofdstuk 2 Momentenstelling .................................................................. 9 Hoofdstuk 3 Opleggingen en belastingen ................................................ 11 3.1 Opleggingen ................................................................................................................ 11 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.1.4

Soorten verbindingen .............................................................................................................................11 De roloplegging .....................................................................................................................................11 De scharnieroplegging ...........................................................................................................................12 De inklemming ......................................................................................................................................13

3.2 De evenwichtsvoorwaarden .......................................................................................... 14 3.3 Belastingen .................................................................................................................. 16 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 3.3.5

Soorten belastingen ...............................................................................................................................16 Verdeelde belastingen ............................................................................................................................17 Belasting per oppervlakte-eenheid ..........................................................................................................18 Belasting per lengte-eenheid ..................................................................................................................18 Tabellen ................................................................................................................................................18

Hoofdstuk 4 Elasticiteitsmodulus en de Wet van Hooke.......................... 23 4.1 Spanning ..................................................................................................................... 23 4.2 Begrippen .................................................................................................................... 23 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5

Evenredigheidsgrens ..............................................................................................................................24 Elasticiteitsgrens ....................................................................................................................................24 Vloeigrens .............................................................................................................................................24 Breekspanning .......................................................................................................................................24 Elasticiteitsmodulus................................................................................................................................24

4.3 Wet van Hooke ............................................................................................................ 25

Hoofdstuk 5 Trek en druk in hout ............................................................ 27 5.1 Grenswaarde van de spanning, veiligheidsfactor ............................................................. 27 5.2 Aard van de belasting ................................................................................................... 27

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Hoofdstuk 6 Houtsterktes ........................................................................ 31 6.1 Begrippen .................................................................................................................... 31 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.1.3 6.1.4 6.1.5 6.1.6

Inleiding ...............................................................................................................................................31 Sterktes ................................................................................................................................................31 Duurzaamheid .......................................................................................................................................32 Belastingsduurklasse, klimaatklasse ........................................................................................................32 Hoogte van de ligger..............................................................................................................................34 Materiaalfactor ......................................................................................................................................34

6.2 Sterkteberekening ........................................................................................................ 35

Hoofdstuk 7 Zwaartepunt ........................................................................ 36 7.1 Begrippen .................................................................................................................... 36 7.2 Analytische methode .................................................................................................... 36

Hoofdstuk 8 Traagheidsmoment .............................................................. 40 8.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................... 40 8.2 Het axiaal kwadratisch oppervlaktemoment .................................................................... 41 8.3 Verandering van het traagheidsmoment door verschuiving van de as ............................... 42 8.4 Som – verschil – verschuiving van oppervlakken ............................................................. 43 8.4.1 Som van oppervlakken ...........................................................................................................................43 8.4.2 Verschil van oppervlakken ......................................................................................................................43 8.4.3 Verschuiving van oppervlakken ...............................................................................................................43

8.5 Traagheidsmoment van de meest voorkomende figuren .................................................. 44

Hoofdstuk 9 Buiging en weerstandsmoment ........................................... 47 9.1 Enkelvoudige vlakke buiging ......................................................................................... 47 9.2 Neutrale lijn ................................................................................................................. 48 9.3 Spanningen ................................................................................................................. 48 9.4 De buigingsformule ...................................................................................................... 50 9.5 Weerstandsmomenten .................................................................................................. 51 9.5.1 Rechthoekige doorsnede ........................................................................................................................51 9.5.2 Cirkelvormige doorsnede ........................................................................................................................51

9.6 Tabellen ...................................................................................................................... 54

Hoofdstuk 10 Momenten en dwarskrachten ............................................ 58 10.1 Inleiding .................................................................................................................... 58 10.2 Bepaling van het buigend moment en de dwarskracht in een normaaldoorsnede ............. 59 Momenten- en dwarskrachtenlijn ........................................................................................ 64 10.3 Bepaling plaats en grootte van de uiterste waarden van het buigend moment ................ 66 10.4 Eenvoudige belastingsgevallen .................................................................................... 67 10.4.1 In de uiteinden ondersteunde balk met één puntlast ..............................................................................67

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10.4.2 In de uiteinden ondersteunde balk met een gelijkmatige belasting over de hele lengte .............................68 10.4.3 Aan ĂŠĂŠn einde ingeklemde balk met gelijkmatige belasting over de hele lengte ........................................70

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