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www.securityfocusafrica.com | Vol 37 No 9 September 2019 The official industry journal for professional risk practitioners: security, safety, health, environment and quality assurance

MorphoWaveâ&#x201E;˘ Compact by IDEMIA

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securityfocusafrica.com securityfocusafrica.com Security Focus Africa has been marketing suppliers to buyers in Africa since 1980, and is the official Security Focus has been marketing suppliers to buyers in Africa since and is the official industry journal of Africa the Security Association of South Africa. Our readers form the1980, core of Southern Africaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s industry journal of the Security Association of South Africa. Our readers form the core of Southern Africaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s buyers and decision-makers in the security products and services industry. buyers and decision-makers in the security products and services industry. Our print and digital platforms have a highly-focused readership of people at the very heart of the security Our print and digital platforms a highly-focused readership of people at the very heart of the security industry. Our news is have distributed via print, website, digital magazine, and social media. industry. Our news is distributed via print, website, digital magazine, and social media. Our annual Security Focus Africa Buyers Guide is searchable in print and via our online directory, with Our annual Focus Africa Buyers throughout Guide is searchable in print andavia our online directory, with overSecurity 760 businesses and branches Africa. Need to find service or supplier? over 760 businesses and branches throughout Africa. Need to find a service or supplier? We will help you find exactly what you need. We will help you find exactly what you need.

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The official industry journal for professional risk practitioners: security, safety, health, environment and quality assurance The official industry journal for professional risk practitioners: security, safety, health, environment and quality assurance

KEEPING YOU IN THE KNOW | CONNECTING PEOPLE WITH PEOPLE KEEPING YOU IN THE KNOW | CONNECTING PEOPLE WITH PEOPLE

Security Focus Africa: Serving the South African security industry for 37 years

CONTENTS

VOL 37 NO 9 SEPTEMBER 2019

www.securityfocusafrica.com | Vol 37 No 9 September 2019 The official industry journal for professional risk practitioners: security, safety, health, environment and quality assurance

13 MorphoWave™ Compact by IDEMIA

COVER STORY

SPECIAL FEATURES 13 Mining security

IDEMIA: Frictionless access everywhere

MorphoWave™ Compact by IDEMIA is the newest addition to IDEMIA’s range of readers for frictionless biometric access control. This masterpiece of engineering delivers the award-winning, fieldproven performance of MorphoWave™ contactless 3D fingerprint technology in a stylish and compact wall-mounted device, suitable for any location.

mong the most challenging of environments from a security as well A as a safety perspective, mines need to adopt highly specialised, multifaceted systems if they’re going to be effective in their fight against crime, say the experts. The challenge, though, is to identify and implement an effective system that will not only protect the premises and people but also add to the profitability of the mine. Can this even be done? Yes, says Benedict Weaver, managing director of Zero Foundation Africa, which is regularly employed by mining companies to advise them on everything security related.

16 South Africa’s mining sector and the cost of crime With illegal mining now costing the South African economy around R21 billion a year, according to the Institute of Security Studies (ISS), mine owners are under mounting pressure to tighten up security. Add to this increasing violence between competing, heavily armed syndicates and it’s a ticking time bomb for under-secured mines, warns the ISS in an article titled “SA must dig deeper for a solution to illegal mining”.

28 16 2

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

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Official Journal of the Security Association of South Africa

Published by Contact Publications (Pty) Ltd (Reg No. 1981/011920/07)

Vol 37 No 9

TEL: (031) 764 6977 | FAX: 086 762 1867 PUBLISHER: Godfrey King

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Malcolm King | malcolm@contactpub.co.za

EDITOR: Ingrid Olivier | ingrid@securityfocusafrica.com

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JUNIOR GRAPHIC DESIGNER: Elrisha du Plooy | elrisha@contactpub.co.za

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REGULARS EDITOR’S COMMENT 4 “Tough times never last, but tough people do.” Author Robert H. Schuller.

ASSOCIATION NEWS 5 What’s happening with wage negotiations in the private security industry.

NEWS IN BRIEF 8 News snippets from around the world.

SPECIAL REPORT 12 Crime statistics – SA’s crime nightmare.

PERSONALITY PROFILE 19 In conversation with Gareth Newham, Head of the Justice and Violence Prevention Programme at the Institute for Security Studies.

COMPANY NEWS 21 New partnership for supply of CIT tamper evident solutions. 22 Hensoldt embarks on consolidation and expansion. 24 Invixium and Pyro-Tech announce distribution partnership.

NEWS 25 Protecting women needs to become a top priority.

Jackie Goosen | jackie@contactpub.co.za

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CASH-IN-TRANSIT 26 The latest #crimestatssa: retail businesses still operate in a danger zone.

27 Cash is a public good. TECHNOLOGY UPDATE 28 Deepfakes: what they are and

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PUBLICATION DETAILS: Security Focus Africa has 12 issues a year and is published monthly, with the annual Buyers’ Guide in December.

how to spot them.

ON THE MARKET 30 SearchInform releases FileAuditor. 31 Matrix biometric readers. 32 New “Panomera® W” camera series from Dallmeier.

34 IDIS launches advanced Lightmaster PTZ Camera.

35 HomeTronix is the master distributor of FIBARO Smart Home.

35 Nemtek new product feature 24 volt perimeter alarm light.

CYBERSECURITY 36 New Mimecast Report reveals analysis of 67 billion rejected emails

LAW AND SECURITY 37 Crime statistics 2018-2019

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EDITORS COMMENT

“ Tough times never last, but tough people do.” – Author Robert H. Schuller

That we’re living in difficult times is a given. We don’t have to look beyond our cell phones or televisions to see bad news. It’s everywhere. Crime. Illness and death. The economy.

nd it’s worldwide, in South Africa, the USA, Greece and Germany, the UK, the Middle East, Hong Kong… People are reacting to troubled economic times and crime in different ways: we’re going out less, especially at night; we’re selling our freestanding houses and buying into more secure residential complexes, or upgrading our security systems at work and in our homes; some of us are emigrating to other countries; others are downsizing business operations or tightening budgets. So I was heartened to read an article by Susan Ward on balancesmb.com. She’s a small business expert and multiple award winner who shares some very doable tips on how to survive and even thrive in tough times. Her advice includes protecting cash flow, reviewing inventory management processes, focusing on core competencies, developing and implementing strategies to win the competition’s customers, making the most of existing clients, not cutting back on marketing and watching your personal credit. Another comforting read is an article on lifehack.org by confidence and communication coach Eduard Ezeanu. In his piece “7 Things to Remember When Going Through Tough Times in Life” , he says maintaining a positive mindset is “probably the most important thing you can do”. It’s this that will make it possible for us to stay upbeat, persist through hardship, find smart solutions and eventually turn the situation around, he maintains. Here’s his list in heading form: “Even bad times end. You’ve overcome challenges before. You have lots of strengths as a person. It happens to everybody. It’s a learning

EDITORIAL POLICY

experience. You can always ask for help. There are always things to be grateful for.” Something else to consider, in my opinion, is toxicity. Toxic people are everywhere, from presidents and politicians to workplace managers, staff and even the odd cashier or bank teller. Dr Paul Vorster of The Ethics Institute, in his opinion piece about toxic / destructive leadership, says it’s a subject garnering a lot of interest, partly as a result of South Africa’s political turmoil and “also because of the impact poor (or destructive) leadership has had both domestically and internationally, in both the public and private sectors.” Dr Linda Ronnie, senior lecturer in People Management and Organisational Behaviour at the UCT Graduate School of Business, in an article first published in The Conversation, says that toxic leadership, not uncommon in the private sector, is now “emerging more often in the public space too, as is all too evident in the US and in South Africa right now”. Typical traits of toxic leaders include an unwillingness to take feedback, lying and/ or inconsistency, cliquishness, autocracy, manipulation, intimidation and bullying and narcissism (familiar?), she says, adding that toxic leaders can, if uncontained, can “bring down entire organisations over time”. I’d add countries to this. While we can point fingers at our past presidents and their cohorts, she says the responsibility to move against toxic leadership in the public sphere extends to society as a whole. “Crucial to overcoming the toxic leader’s negative impact is for other members of the organisation to remain firm and loyal to their principles, and to take a united stand,” she avers. “It is not for nothing that business schools are increasingly emphasising the development of the whole person and

Statements made or opinions expressed in articles in Security Focus Africa do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Security Association of South Africa (SASA) nor those of any of the other security associations listed in Security Focus Africa. Similarly, advertising in this publication does not imply in any way endorsement or approval by these security associations of any products or services. It is the policy of the Security Association of South Africa that any office-bearer who has an executive position in a company, or companies, which supply security products or services should on no account allow his position to be used to promote his company or its objectives in the editorial content of Security Focus Africa, the official journal of the Association. If, at any time, an office-bearer’s position has been quoted in relation to his company or product, this does not imply the Association’s approval or involvement.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

encouraging students to reflect on their principles and values as well as to polish up their technical skills. Being in management or leadership today, whether in the public or private sector, requires much more of people than just the ability to understand a balance sheet or hone a marketing strategy; they need to be able to manage relationships and get results with integrity. And, as is so often the case in life, it is only in tough times that the importance of these skills really becomes apparent.” How do we take a stand against toxicity, though? An article on scholars.org makes the point that people are spending more and more time in the digital world, where they are transferring behaviours that they learn online. “Online chats in games, online comments about news articles, and bulletin boards for online communities could, in principle, further civil discussions, it says, adding: “Unfortunately, digital culture, despite forging new connections among many kinds of people, turns out to be rife with hate speech and harassment.” And, “online hostility goes hand in hand with offline hate speech directed at targets defined by gender, race, class, ethnicity, nationality, and various individual vulnerabilities.” Do a Google search on “how to handle toxic leaders and people” and there are literally hundreds of thousands of articles on this subject, so it’s obviously a huge problem at all levels of business and play, and in countries all over the world. Some of the best advice includes setting boundaries, implementing tight checks and balances, conducting 360 assessments before promoting employees, establishing a relevant reporting hotline and protecting whistle-blowers, holding toxic people accountable (the Zondo Commission into State Capture), not sharing fake news, gossip or negativity, refusing to be a victim, and focusing on the solution rather than the problem. Just saying…

securityfocusafrica.com

ASSOCIATION NEWS

SASA UPDATE What’s happening with wage negotiations in the private security industry After exchanging documents and clarity-seeking processes, wage negotiations started in earnest on 22 August 2019, according to Tony Botes, National Administrator of SASA (Security Association of South Africa).

he negotiations are taking place under the auspices of the National Bargaining Council for the Private Security Sector (NBCPSS) and in terms of the National Negotiation Protocol Agreement of the NBCPSS. The National Negotiation Protocol Agreement, which was concluded in July 2019, established the Council Bargaining Forum for the purposes of collective bargaining and putting in place the rules of engagement for negotiations. This agreement followed on the conclusion of the Council Levies Agreement which will, if and when extended to non-parties, enable the NBCPSS to become properly financed and fully operational. Negotiations in the private security sector in the past took place under the auspices of the National Bargaining Forum for the Private Security Sector (NBFPSS)

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The actual timing of when an increase for the industry will become effective is therefore very difficult to predict in line with the Negotiation Framework Agreement (NFA). The last negotiations under the auspices of the NBFPSS resulted in a one-year agreement which formed the basis for the last Sectoral Determination amendment which came into effect in November 2018. As it stands, Sectoral Determination 6 is still in full force and effect, says Mr Botes, and will remain so until it a collective agreement of the NBCPSS comes into effect and makes it obsolete. The negotiation parties are still very far apart however, he points out, and with a very long list of demands on the table, it

IF YOU NEED ANY FURTHER INFORMATION, PLEASE CONTACT SASA:

is unlikely that an Office: 0861 100 680 agreement Email: info@sasecurity.co.za will be The full SASA membership reached list is available at www.sasecurity.co.za quickly. The actual timing of when an increase for the industry will become effective is therefore very difficult to predict. Dates for the next rounds of negotiations have been agreed upon and updates will be provided as and when anything substantial occurs in the negotiations. Warning of the fake information that is doing the rounds on social media, Mr Botes urges industry stakeholders not to give such messages credibility by sharing or spreading them, or being influenced by them.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

MorphoWave Compact ™

Frictionless access everywhere

by IDEMIA

Connected Objects

orphoWave™ Compact by IDEMIA is the newest addition to IDEMIA’s range of readers for frictionless biometric access control.This masterpiece of engineering delivers the award-winning, field-proven performance of MorphoWave™ contactless 3D fingerprint technology in a stylish and compact wall-mounted device, suitable for any location.

ConvEnIEnCE & sECurIty Users are positively identified with a simple wave of the hand. The patented touchless sensor technology scans 4 fingers in 3D, ensuring the most accurate and reliable fingerprint matching for maximum security.

hIgh throughput The reader’s high speed, touchless acquisition capability allows users to remain in motion while being identified. Faster access control and time & attendance transactions reduce overall costs and increase employee productivity.

vErsAtIlE, EAsy DEployMEnt IP65 rated and PoE+ powered, the compact wall-mount reader ensures that MorphoWave™ technology can be deployed at every location. MorphoWave™ Compact is already integrated with more than 25 of the industry’s leading access control systems.

Why IDEMIA? With more than 40 years of experience in biometrics and over 4 billion fingerprints managed worldwide, IDEMIA is the undisputed leader in biometric security systems. Our algorithms - consistently ranked #1 by NIST - and sensor technologies, combined with our end-product design and manufacturing expertise, make us the partner of choice for the most prestigious organizations. IDEMIA solutions, encompassing contact and contactless fingerprint, hybrid vein/print and facial recognition readers, have been deployed in more industries and tougher environments than any other vendor’s solutions.

1234

MultIFACtor AuthEntICAtIon

MorphoWave™ Compact natively supports Prox, iClass, MIFARE, DESFire cards and PIN code, in addition to biometrics. It is also capable of scanning QR codes for visitor management.

thE Most provEn touChlEss FIngErprInt tEChnology... MorphoWave™ touchless 3D fingerprint technology is designed for the real world. Captures and matches 4 fingers on either right or left hand, in any direction Immune to environmental factors (external light, dust) • Copes with wet and dry fingers • No latent prints left on scanner • Mitigates hygiene concerns

•

The award-winning MorphoWave™ technology has become the benchmark in frictionless access, securing high traffic access points in the world’s largest financial institutions, critical infrastructure facilities, universities and healthcare organizations.

...noW AvAIlAblE In A CoMpACt, Full-FEAturED ACCEss & tIME tErMInAl Anti-fraud features

MorphoWave™ Compact represents an 86% reduction in size and 93% reduction in weight compared with MorphoWave™ Tower, making it usable at every door and not only in high traffic lobbies.

Time & attendance functions

Fake finger detection anti-pass back function(1) • Banned/authorized user lists • Tamper switches •

• Timed

Touchscreen time clock, featuring 16 programmable function keys • Access time slots and holiday scheduling • Real-time employee notifications • Job code management •

For real world deployments

Flexible architecture

The two products complement each other perfectly and work seamlessly together to secure any capacity or throughput requirements, even those of the largest global organizations.

1:N identification or multifactor authentication with Prox, iClass, MIFARE, DESFire cards and PIN code • Software integration options: - Thrift commands (low protocol level) - MACI component (SDK level) - MorphoManager (application level) •

IP65 rated design(2) Multiple interfaces including TCP/IP • Power over Ethernet (PoE+) • Wi-Fi and 4G options • Ingenious, symmetrical opening mechanism enables easy wall-mounting and in-place maintenance • •

technical specifications • CPU: Nvidia ARM Cortex-A15 QuadCore 2.1GHz • 4.3'' WvgA color capacitive touchscreen • loudspeaker & microphone Intercom function • Audio & video player • touchless fingerprint sensor Hand presence detection QR code scanning capability(3) • Contactless reader options: Prox, iClass, MIFARE/DESFire • Tamper switches (1) (2) (3)

• Internal storage capacity: 16GB Flash, 2GB RAM - 20,000 user records (2*4 fingers each) for 1:N identification, extendable to 40,000 with licenses(4) - 250,000 IDs in authorized user list - 1 Million transaction logs • Network/Communication: - Ethernet, RS485, RS422, USB(5) - Wi-Fi and 4G options

(4) (5)

• Operating conditions: - Temperature: -10°C to 55°C (14°F to 131°F) - Humidity: 10% to 80% (non condensing) • Ingress protection: IP65(2) • hxWxD = 250*152*216 mm (9.9*6*8.5 in.)

• Inputs/outputs: Wiegand In & Out (customizable up to 512 bits), OSDP, Door Relay, 3 GPI (including Door monitoring), 3 GPO

Prevents repeated authorizations by the same user, within a configurable time period Recommendation for outdoor installation: avoid direct exposure of sensor to rain (e.g., place under a canopy) Specifications available on demand

• Power supply: 12 to 24 V DC (2.5A min @12V) Power over Ethernet with PoE+ switches

• Weight: 2.2 kg (4.85 lb.) • EMC/Safety standards: CE, CB, FCC • RoHS, REACh and WEEE compliant

Contact your local representative in case of higher user database size requirements Micro-USB port for terminal configuration or dongle (Wi-Fi or 4G) connection

All rights reserved. Specifications and information subject to change without notice. The products described in this document are subject to continuous development and improvement. All trademarks and service marks referred to herein, whether registered or not in specific countries, are the property of their respective owners.

Works seamlessly with MorphoWave™ Tower

NEWS IN BRIEF

News snippets from around the world South Africa crime: SAPS figures show increase in murder and sexual offences

court order, had been employed despite an alleged criminal record, Communications and Digital Technologies Minister Stella Ndabeni-Abrahams previously revealed. The accused had “made himself guilty of gross misconduct by intentionally misleading the organisation and stating under oath that he had never been convicted of any criminal offense”, said communications and digital technologies ministry spokesperson Nthabeleng Mokitimi-Dlamini on Tuesday. (Source: news24.com)

Mysterious death of Gavin Watson leaves more questions unanswered

Sexual offences and murder rates have risen significantly in South Africa over the past year, according to recently released official crime stats. Murders recorded by the police have been rising every year for the last decade, and sexual offences including rape have risen 4.6 per cent this year. The release of these figures comes amid growing concern about violence against women after a number of high-profile rape cases and murders in recent weeks. Among sexual offences, sexual assault increased by 9.6 per cent and rape by 3.9 per cent. There were also increases in arson (5.5 per cent), attempted murder (4.1 per cent), common assault (3.7 per cent) and commercial crime (14 per cent), the majority of which related to fraud. (Source: bbc.com)

Justice for Jesse Hess: Campaign to hire PI who worked on Uyinene, Meghan Cremer murders

Gavin Watson, the infamous former Bosasa boss, who was embroiled in countless controversies surrounding State Capture and government-connected corruption, still presents an enigmatic figure from beyond the grave. Watson was thought to have died as the result of a car collision but a recent report by an independent pathologist hired by Watson’s family indicate that he was dead before the vehicle he was driving smashed into a concrete pillar near OR Tambo International Airport in August. This revelation rules out suicide but does not vindicate the presence of foul play. (Source: thesouthafrican.com)

Post Office fires Uyinene’s alleged killer

The South African Post Office (SAPO) has dismissed its employee who stands accused of raping and killing UCT student Uyinene Mrwetyana at his workplace. The man, who cannot be named in terms of a

A crowdfunding campaign has been launched to hire a private investigator to look into the murders of University of Western Cape student Jesse Hess and her grandfather Chris. Hess, 19, a first-year theology student, and her 85-year-old grandfather were found dead in their Parow flat on 30 August. Their murders made headlines along with that of avid horse rider Meghan Cremer, University of Cape Town student Uyinene Mrwetyana and other women. Three people were arrested after Cremer’s remains were found on a sand mine at a Philippi farm on the morning of 8 August. A post office employee was charged with Mrwetyana’s murder after it emerged that she had been killed in the Clareinch Post Office the same day she disappeared. “The common thread in solving both these cases was the appointment of Noel Pratten, a private investigator... Let’s get Noel on this case before it goes cold and ensure justice for Jesse,” said Kate Steyn, who started the crowdfunding campaign on Backabuddy. (Source: news24.com)

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

900 Arrested across Gauteng in crime crackdown

In the wake of a pledge by the South African police minister to crack down on crime, in Gauteng especially, intensified police action saw the arrest of 900 people across the province recently and the recovery of 15 illegal firearms. In Cape Town, Operation Lockdown, the joint action between police and the army on the Cape Flats and in the city’s townships, resulted in almost 400 arrests, the police said. “Drugs, liquor, firearms and ammunition confiscated,” the SA Police Service said in a tweet.

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NEWS IN BRIEF

“The law will have no mercy for perpetrators of crime, including those who incite violence amongst our community,” Gauteng police spokesperson Mavela Masondo said in a statement on Monday. “People of Gauteng should expect high visibility in areas that were recently affected by public violence, road blocks, stop and searches as well as raiding and confiscation of counterfeit goods.” Addressing ANC members in Johannesburg townships recently, President Cyril Ramaphosa spoke about the crime and public violence the country has seen recently. “We saw, with the crime statistics… that the situation in our country is actually quite bad,” he was quoted saying by News24. (Source: sapeople.com)

11 tactics criminals use to hijack vehicles in South Africa

Army will continue to patrol Cape Flats streets

The South African National Defence Force (SANDF) will remain on the crime-ridden Cape Flats until March 2020. This was confirmed by President Cyril Ramaphosa and Western Cape Premier, Alan Winde, in the wake of the country’s recently released crime statistics. The army’s deployment, intended to curb murder and criminality on the Cape Flats, was initially scheduled to end in September. The extension, however, comes with some serious strings attached, following criticism of the army’s inefficacy and convoluted mandate. Winde added that the 6 per cent increase in murders in the Western Cape was particularly grim and that a proactive collaborative effort between local law enforcement agencies, the South African Police Service (SAPS), the SANDF and the community would be the key to quelling the violence. (Source: thesouthafrican.com)

The South African Police Service (SAPS) in its recent presentation of the latest crime statistics for the country over the last year, offered insights into the various crime categories. These included the methods used by criminals to overpower and distract victims to hijack cars and other vehicles. Following a low point in 2011/2012, the data shows that carjacking (9 417 reported incidents) has steadily increased across the country, with 16 026 reported incidents over the 2018/2019 reporting period. Most of these incidents occur in Gauteng (7 776), followed by KwaZulu-Natal (2 764) and the Western Cape (2 294).

Methods include: • Knocking down on the vehicle’s window or other part of the vehicle • Forcing victims off the road using another vehicle • Hijacking victim in a fake ‘stop and go’ set-up • Forcing victims to stop using another vehicle • Throwing an object onto the road

Keeping Your Guard Up securityfocusafrica.com

• Tampering with a vehicle’s mechanical components • Posing as a beggar, hawker or window cleaner • Asking for assistance, or hitch-hiking • Blocking the road using other objects • Offering help to victims • Pretending to be a passenger (posing for pick-up) (Source: businesstech.co.za)

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SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

NEWS IN BRIEF SSA to ‘regroup’ following ruling that tapping phones is illegal

16 per cent rise to 13 591, while sexual offences rose by 8 per cent over the same period to 2 635. (Source: bbc.com)

400 murders a day: 10 reasons why Latin America is the world’s most violent place

The State Security Agency (SSA) has said that while it respects the ruling by the High Court in Johannesburg on the Communications and Provision of Communication-Related Information (RICA) Act, it was regrouping with its legal team to figure out a way forward, according to a report by EWN. Investigative journalism centre amaBhungane walked out of court victorious on Monday after successfully challenging parts of RICA. The court declared mass surveillance and the interception of foreign signals by the National Communications Centre “unlawful and invalid”, News24 reported. The legal battle against RICA started in April 2017 after amaBhungane received confirmation that its managing partner, Sam Sole, had been under surveillance under RICA. At the time, Sole was investigating a National Prosecuting Authority (NPA) decision to drop corruption charges against former president Jacob Zuma. Source: News24.com)

deforestation,” says the report’s author, Cesar Muñoz Acebes. “These criminal networks will attack anyone who stands in their way.” The report documents 28 killings in which it found evidence that “those responsible were engaged in illegal deforestation and saw their victims as obstacles”. Thousands of fires have been burning across the world’s biggest rainforest this year, with deforestation rising to a rate not seen in a decade. (Source: theguardian.com)

More violent crime reported on British railways

Amazon crime Deforestation is being driven by criminal networks that threaten and attack government officials and indigenous people, according to a new report by Human Rights Watch. “As long as you have this level of violence, lawlessness and impunity for the crimes committed by these criminal groups it will be impossible for Brazil to rein in

Crime recorded on British railways increased by 12 per cent last year including a rise in the number of violent and sexual offences, new figures show. British Transport Police recorded 68 313 crimes in 2018/19, up from 60 867 during the previous 12 months. Violent crime accounted for a fifth of all cases after a

Latin America is home to about 8 per cent of the world’s population but has about one-third of its homicides – in 2016, that meant some 400 homicides a day, or roughly 146 000 a year. But the bloodshed is not evenly distributed. In Mexico, the region’s second most populous country, 33 753 homicide victims in 2018 set a record for the second year in a row; 17 142 victims in the first half of this year likely means 2019 will set a new mark. In Brazil, the most populated country in the region, homicides fell 13 per cent between 2017 and 2018, but that still means 51 589 people were killed. Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras, regarded as some of the world’s most violent countries, have also seen declines, as has Colombia, long riven by political and drug-related violence. The regional homicide rate has increased 3.7 per cent annually over the past decade – three times the population growth rate of 1.1 per cent. (Source: businessinsider.com)

Tokyo ranked world’s safest city for 3rd consecutive year Tokyo has been ranked the world’s safest city for the third year running, followed by Singapore and Osaka, according to the

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NEWS IN BRIEF Dark web paedophiles

latest report by the Economist Intelligence Unit released on Thursday. The Safe Cities Index 2019 report, released at a one-day conference on safe cities and organised by The Economist in Singapore, said that Tokyo enjoys a “broad array of strengths” with “low crime levels (both violent and petty), infrastructure designed to withstand natural shocks and low risk of computer malware.” By category, Tokyo saw the strongest performance in digital security, coming in first. But it came in second, behind Osaka, in health security, fourth for infrastructure security and also fourth for personal security, with the report pointing out that the city is still plagued by corruption and organised crime. (Source: japantoday.com)

International cyber-crime gang dismantled with Turkey’s help

An international phishing gang has been dismantled, and its 281 members have been arrested worldwide in 10 countries with the help of Turkish authorities and others. The operation, named “reWired,” was launched by the US authorities about four months ago. During the operation cash amounting to $3.7 million was seized, authorities said. The FBI said that it had tied the gang’s activities to about $118 million in fraud. Of the 218 suspects arrested, 167 were arrested in Nigeria, 74 in the United States, 18 in Turkey and 15 in Ghana. The others were arrested in France, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Malesia and the United Kingdom. (Source: hurriyetdailynews.com)

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The British Home Office will fund the use of artificial intelligence including voice analysis and age estimation to see whether they can help track down child abusers. Chancellor Sajid Javid announced £30m would be set aside to tackle online child sexual exploitation, with the Home Office releasing more information recently on how it would be spent. Law enforcement bodies have welcomed the greater resources, but critics described the government’s crackdown on crime as cynical populist politics designed to sway voters before a possible general election. (Source: theguardian.com)

McClain’s conduct on the ISS yields charges. According to experts, the applicable set of legislation depends on where in outer space a crime is committed. Joanne Gabrynowicz, editor-in-chief of the Journal of Space Law, explained that a crime committed in open space, or on celestial bodies, would be subject to international space law. However, a crime committed on the ISS, such as the alleged crime in this case, would be subject to a multilateral agreement that governs the ISS, to which 16 nations are party. The International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) is based on international law and four existing space treaties. In order to understand the treaty, it’s important to understand the makeup of the ISS. The ISS consists of country-specific modules. (Source: globalnews.ca)

Liberia’s President Weah supports the establishment of a War and Economic Crimes Court

What happens when you commit a crime in outer space?

NASA has launched an investigation following the first-ever allegation of a crime committed in outer space, which has raised a number of questions about which national laws would apply to the accused if she is charged. NASA astronaut Anne McClain was accused by her estranged wife Summer Worden of accessing Worden’s bank account without permission from the International Space Station (ISS), where McClain had been living for six months. McClain claims she was simply ensuring the couple had enough money to pay their bills and has denied that she engaged in any illegal activity. While the legal dispute between the couple is still somewhat unclear, the incident has raised questions about which laws would apply if the investigation into

President Weah has officially communicated to the National Legislature his desire and intention to establish a War and Economic Crimes Court for Liberia. In his communication, President Weah declared: “As President of Liberia, I am committed to a holistic implementation to the National Consensus and do hereby call on the Legislature to advise and provide guidance on all legislative and other necessary measures towards the implementation of the TRC report, including the establishment of the Economic and War Crime Courts.” President Weah’s communication to the Legislature came in the wake of the recently concluded National Economic Dialogue which highlighted amongst its recommendations, the unanimous call for the establishment of the War and Economic Crimes Court for Liberia. When he addressed the Dialogue on 4 September 2019, President Weah pledged to follow through on the recommendations coming out of the Dialogue. (Source: liberianobserver.com)

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

SPECIAL REPORT: CRIME STATISTICS

SA’s crime nightmare

Murder is up 3.4 per cent, and sexual offences are up by 4.6 per cent, according to the latest stats.

n his 12 September release of South Africa’s annual 2018 / 2019 crime statistics, Police Minister General Bheki Cele noted both the instruction by President Cyril Ramaphosa to halve the country’s violent crimes within the next decade, and conceded that the numbers didn’t look good. It’s going to be mammoth task to cut violent crime in half, he said: the latest stats, which were certified by StatsSA, show that contact crime has increased by 2,6 per cent on average. Calling the instruction by the President a “mammoth” but “doable” task, minister Cele spoke of reintroducing police units that had been disbanded or under-resourced, and “capacitating” specialised units, detectives, the Hawks and crime intelligence. He also said that consultations around the establishment of a Ministerial Advisory Council are underway, with the ISS (Institute for Security Studies), Corruption Watch, the Social Justice Coalition and members of the academic fraternity among those identified as prospective stakeholders. In the past year, he continued, the resources allocated to cash-in-transit heists and other trio crimes had yielded positive results. Other major anti-crime interventions underway include Operation Thunder, the Anti-Gang Unit and Operation Lockdown. He also highlighted the decrease in all

categories of aggravated robbery barring that at residential premises. “Yes,” he said, “the crime statistics are not looking good; however they look much better than last year in addressing the six year drastic increase in most crime categories.” In the previous financial year, said Minister Cele, murders had increased by 1 320, a figure that had been ‘halved to 686’ in the financial year 2018/19. “This means the rate of increase is slowing down. However, when this is translated to per centage change, the figure reflects an increase of 2.6 per cent in all contact crimes and the 17 community-reported crimes increased by 0.7 per cent.” “While we are not where we want to be,” he insisted, “we are definitely not where we were, there are glimmers of improvements. We have recorded decreases in crimes of fear such as cash in transit heists, bank robberies, car and truck hijackings as well as robbery at non-residential premises.” Intelligence had played a big role in terms of infiltrating CIT gangs and foiling their plans, and police visibility at malls and in other public areas had ensured that they were “a step closer to achieving (the) goals set out in the National Development Plan”. Minister Cele added that the National Stability Intervention Plan, which includes Crime Intelligence, Special Task Forces, National Intervention Units and Tactical

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Response Teams for quick mobilisation, had also gone a long way to tackling trio crimes. “We believe that the rebuilding of crime intelligence, the Hawks and better working relationships with State Security Agency, National Prosecution Authority, Department of Justice and the Department of Defence will continue to produce favourable results. Going forward we will spread the focus and resources to areas of concern to ensure that results are improved.” The Family Violence, Child Protection and Sexual Offences (FCS) Unit was one of the best units within the SAPS, he went on, recording 658 life sentences out of 504 registered cases and sentencing 387 suspects to prison sentences of 20 years and above. Plans are underway to increase the number of FCS units countrywide and to recruit and train more women officers to work within this specialised environment, Minster Cele said, adding that President Ramaphosa’s call to reopen investigations into all cold cases of gender-based crimes had been heeded. He ended by saying that the 2018/2019 annual crime statistics had been declared as official statistics in line with prescripts of the South African Statistical Quality Assessment Framework (SASQAF) and that “this stamp of approval will finally put to rest questions of the authenticity and legitimacy of the Crime Statistics.”

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SPECIAL FEATURE: MINING SECURITY

Mining security Among the most challenging of environments from a security as well as a safety perspective, mines need to adopt highly specialised, multi-faceted systems if they’re going to be effective in their fight against crime, say the experts.

he challenge, though, is to identify and implement an effective system that will not only protect the premises and people but also add to the profitability of the mine.

Can this even be done? Yes, says Benedict Weaver, managing director of Zero Foundation Africa, which is regularly employed by mining companies to advise them on everything security related. The major security challenges go far beyond physical and technical solutions, though, he says. Citing a lack of executive support for security along with security management’s misunderstanding of its

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responsibilities within the organisation, he says the best systems start with the appointment of a security director or chief security officer to the board. In so doing, he explains, the security function will be dictated by a corporate security policy with documented procedures, guidelines and standards. He continues: “The extent of security management’s responsibility is clear: to protect and optimise the company’s four critical assets namely property, people, information and reputation. In this way, the security department provides both a loss control and a revenue assurance function.” “From our experience in providing security management consulting for

mining companies in the Lufilian Arc (which extends from the Zambian Copperbelt around Kitwe to the Katanga region in the DRC) and the Sahel region (which extends from Mauritania to northern Uganda), it is clear that Africa’s mineral resources are becoming more important to a world fuelled by commodity consumption. “Therefore, as the number of financial investments in mining operations and related functions increase throughout the continent, security professionals need to play an influential role in creating the correct environment in which security solutions can be effectively adopted. “Otherwise, any efforts to control losses will incur increased costs of manpower

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

SPECIAL FEATURE: MINING SECURITY

and technology systems. These increased costs will impact on the profitability of the mines every year.”

Challenges Each mine has its own unique challenges, says Mr Weaver, adding: “Such challenges will be identified during an initial risk assessment, which will address environmental concerns, compliance issues, camp management, safety protocols and a lack of qualified security staff.” “With 30 per cent of the world’s mineral reserves based on the African continent, some near urban or peri-urban areas and others in remote or potentially hostile environments, security management teams need to be involved from the outset. Their involvement is critical during the planning stages of a mine, through construction and development, to the end of its operating life when mines often have to be returned to their original natural condition. This is a common environmental requirement for many public-private partnerships (PPP) with governments in Africa.” The ideal security system for a modernday mine therefore needs to include individuals who, collectively, have the experience or the thinking to be able to identify the range of risks facing a mine throughout the course of its life, says Mr Weaver. “In this way, long-term strategies will inform short-term solutions and provide a holistic answer to the common question of how to protect lives and profits.”

Beyond surveillance Mark Shepperson is the Brand and Marketing Manager of Cathexis Technologies, which has as its clients some of the world’s largest coal, diamond,

With the right mix of thermal cameras, 4K visual cameras and an intelligent video management system, coupled with smart analytics, it’s much easier and more cost-effective to physically secure mining premises to detect and / or prevent unauthorised access. Laurence Smith of Graphic Image Technologies,

Often employed by mining companies in Africa who want best practice guidance on how to turn their security departments into profit centres, we have worked closely with company management and national government to structure budgets, policies and procedures that ensure that security was assessed to be a worthwhile and effective investment. Benedict N. Weaver M.A (Oxon) CPP CIP, managing director of Zero Foundation Africa.

copper and platinum mines. Today’s best security systems combine integration capability, real-time monitoring and the ability to operate reliably in even the most hostile environments, he says. Features include multi-tier system management, IP and analogue CCTV hybrid solutions, megapixel camera support, smart video analytics, unlimited scalability, access control integration, remote and multiple site management capability, centralised alarm management and sophisticated health monitoring. Multi-tiered event management uses an alarm management gateway that matches events with actions, he explains. Able to escalate events to second and third management tiers, it should also be able to manage several sites from a single central command centre. Video analytics need to encompass smart video motion detection, abandoned object analysis, post object search, object tracking, loitering, speed and direction and object counting, he continues. Bestin-class analytics software trigger alarms which enables the system to take userdefined actions such as notifying control room gateways, moving PTZ cameras to pre-set positions, sending alarms, SMSs or emails to selected recipients, switching selected cameras to selected monitors, and switching devices on or off. The ability to integrate various thirdparty systems is also critical. “Integration is enhanced by predetermined actions upon receiving information from various systems and the association of specific actions for events,” he explains. Third-party systems include access control, fire and alarm panels, X-Ray systems and plant management systems. The interactive user interface provides a visual representation of a site or multiple sites, says Mr Shepperson further. Operators can navigate through multiple layers of maps to selected sites, drag-and-drop cameras to selected monitors, control outputs and move PTZ cameras. Users can

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also navigate multiple sites throughout the enterprise with the map facility. “It’s all about continuous monitoring of all the components, including hardware and software integrity, and providing automated warnings of possible or impending failure so that maintenance engineers can act to prevent a system failure,” he says.

Visual components For Laurence Smith of Graphic Image Technologies, the top security system starts with the visual components. “With the right mix of thermal cameras, 4K visual cameras and an intelligent video management system, coupled with smart analytics, it’s much easier and more cost-effective to physically secure mining premises to detect and / or prevent unauthorised access,” he says. “In security, the importance of visual surveillance cannot be over-emphasised. In mining applications, its purpose is to detect, prevent and deter “zama-zamas” (illegal miners), as well as provide evidence that can be used to catch and prosecute them. Because mining properties usually have such large perimeters, standard CCTV surveillance imaging won’t cut it. The distances and the lighting requirements are just too great. Instead, pan/tilt or fixed thermal cameras will offer the most useful eyes as they operate just as effectively by day as by night without the need for any lighting. These military-grade cameras have low power requirements and multiple lens options that allow surveillance operators to view images in environments with little or no lighting. Thermal camera technology detects ‘heat signatures’ generated from objects and people to create an image of the environment.” Owing to the vastness of many mining sites, the cost of perimeter fencing can be prohibitive, he continues, adding that it also can’t guarantee to keep zama-zamas out. This is where 4K cameras can play a vital role in mining surveillance. “They can

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SPECIAL FEATURE: MINING SECURITY

The South African mining sector frequently faces criticism for its poor safety record and high number of fatalities, which is where technology comes in. The proper utilisation of technology – especially the Internet of Things (IoT) – has a critical to play in improving safety. capture higher quality footage with the additional benefit of up to four times more detail at full 25 frames per second (fps) than today’s top full HD 1080p cameras and legacy 10MP cameras,” he explains. This allows operators to cover vast distances and electronically zoom in on areas of the picture without losing detail, with the added benefit of postevent playback. 4K cameras can also be coupled with thermal cameras so that operators are able to see in total darkness and bright daylight. “Thermal cameras can penetrate through dust, smoke and any adverse weather conditions with an effective detection range of up to 1km, depending on the lens used,” says Mr Smith. “This is especially useful in a mining environment where dust and smoke are prevalent. By using thermal cameras, the mine can also reduce the overall number of cameras required in a surveillance setup, given their extensive range. With the right visual security technology solution in place, security operators will improve their intruder capture rate while reducing the overall risk to security personnel, along with

Operational Technology (OT), used to control physical processes, devices and infrastructure within an industrial environment, used to be a completely isolated and closed system, only accessible by whoever was on the mine’s network. And it had no internet connection.

Lukas van der Merwe at T-Systems South Africa

preventing the loss of revenue, jobs and foreign exchange earnings.”

Safety From a safety perspective, technology also has a vital role to play, says Lukas van der Merwe at T-Systems South Africa. The South African mining sector frequently faces criticism for its poor safety record and high number of fatalities, which is where technology comes in. The proper utilisation of technology, especially the Internet of Things (IoT), has a critical to play in improving safety, he says. Adds his colleague Jeanette Jacobs: “Operational Technology (OT), used to control physical processes, devices and infrastructure within an industrial environment, used to be a completely isolated and closed system, only accessible by whoever was on the mine’s network. And it had no internet connection,” she says. “With the advent of IoT, you can connect devices so that they can be remotely managed and accessible from anywhere at any time, which increases the risk of cyberthreats and hacking.” “We’ve reached a point where the proliferation of these devices has reached a critical mass in terms of the exposure it brings to the environment,” she says.

“If an OT device is hacked, it can potentially kill people.” Accordingly, mine operators must start thinking beyond the benefits of IoT and consider the potential risks that cyberthreats pose for these disparate devices. Aside from the risks, though, the opportunities and benefits of IoT in mining are immense, she continues, adding that IoT applications can address the wellbeing of employees in terms of monitoring and controlling air quality, temperature, pressure, impact and vibration. IoT can also help locate missing and trapped miners, and warn of seismic activity and poor air quality. “Many of world’s most advanced industrial operations are now fully automated. Driverless vehicles are monitored and managed from remote locations. Preventative maintenance allows for the monitoring and replacement of components before they fail. “IoT has had a significant part to play in this. If you take humans out of equation, it is the ultimate step in terms of health and safety. However, cybersecurity then becomes crucial. The more you automate, the higher the risk,” concludes Mr van der Merwe.

Jeanette Jacobs of Graphic Image Technologies,

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SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

SPECIAL FEATURE: ILLEGAL MINING

South Africa’s mining sector and the

cost of crime

With illegal mining now costing the South African economy around R21 billion a year, according to the Institute of Security Studies (ISS), mine owners are under mounting pressure to tighten up security.

dd to this increasing violence between competing, heavily armed syndicates and it’s a ticking time bomb for undersecured mines, warns the ISS in an article titled “SA must dig deeper for a solution to illegal mining” . The stakes are high: according to the Minerals Council of South Africa, the mining sector contributed R351 billion to the country’s domestic product in 2018. Further, it’s a major employer in a country where joblessness is desperately high, providing work for more than 453 500 people last year.

Digging down Illegal mining is a lucrative enterprise, say ISS researcher Richard Chelin and

programme administrator Naomi Tite, with tentacles that often extend to human smuggling and trafficking, illegal weapons and explosives, tax evasion, money laundering, corruption and gangrelated activities. Compounding the problem is South Africa’s legislation (specifically the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act) which aims to regulate artisanal mining, but has little effect on illegal mining. Illegal mining is not clearly defined in legislation, they say, adding that the police’s Directorate for Priority Crime Investigation has identified gaps in the law relating to the transportation and/or possession of precious metals and diamonds in transit areas. In effect, it means that illegal miners

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can only be charged with trespassing, and fined as little as R50. Since illegal mining is so often linked to organised crime, the syndicates need to be targeted by the police – but the challenge, of course, is finding the leaders. The only way this is going to happen is through inter-agency collaboration between law enforcement, the mining industry, and the Department of Mineral Resources and Immigration, maintain Chelin and Tite.

Reasons and challenges The Minerals Council of South Africa says illegal mining is on the rise, gaining momentum on the back of a troubled socio-economic environment characterised by unemployment, poverty and the entry

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SPECIAL FEATURE: ILLEGAL MINING

of large numbers of illegal immigrants into the country. Illegal mining takes place on the surface as well as underground, and at operational as well as disused mines, which presents a host of concomitant challenges for security providers. Illegal miners not only put their own lives at risk by working in abandoned shafts and travelling up to 4km underground where they live for days, the Council says, but they pose a risk to others too. Known colloquially as “zama zamas” in South Africa, the Council estimates that there are as many as 14 000 illegal miners currently operating around the country. They are often armed and known to set booby traps and ambushes for security and rival criminals. “Law enforcement agencies have limited resources to stem illegal mining. Illegal miners openly flout personal health and safety to open cement-plugged shafts with explosives on abandoned mines or live underground for extended periods of time, without necessary protective gear, once they have gained access to operating mines.” “They then pose severe risks to legitimate mine employees, safety protocols, shaft infrastructure and stability, equipment, and ultimately the business,” continues the

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According to the Minerals Council, South Africa’s illegal mining market is a wellmanaged, five-tier syndicate system. Council. “Primarily as a result of their illegal mining activities feeding into the illicit trade of precious metals and diamonds, coupled with the lucrative high financial returns, compared to routine lawful employment, these zama zamas continue risking their lives, and the lives of others, even though the real economic value of their efforts is not realised. This has created a lucrative secondary informal syndicate market supplying other commodities, which include food, liquor, prostitutes and mail, among others. Because they serve organised crime bosses, the miners taking these risks do not often realise the real value of their efforts as the crime bosses take the bulk of the profits.”

Five tiers According to the Minerals Council, South Africa’s illegal mining market is a wellmanaged, five-tier syndicate system. The first tier consists of the underground workers, many of which are illegal

immigrants, who do the physical mining. Many have worked in mines previously, and many use chemical substances to primitively refine the product. The second tier refers to the buyers on the surface around the mines who also organise the first-tier illegal miners, and support them with food, protection and equipment. In the third tier are the regional bulk buyers, who in most cases have permits issued in terms of the Precious Metals Act 37 of 2005 to trade in precious metals. The fourth tier includes the national and sometimes international distributors who hide behind front companies or legitimate exporters. In the fifth tier are the international receivers and distributors who usually work through international refineries and intermediary companies. The Minerals Council believes that the only way to deal with the problem is by focusing on the supply and demand side of illegal mining. “All five levels of the syndicates need to be addressed,” it maintains. “While local police and mine security deal with the first two tiers, the Minerals Council, assisted by the Standing Committee on Security (SCOS), the South African Police Service (SAPS), the National Co-ordinating Strategic Management

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

SPECIAL FEATURE: ILLEGAL MINING

Illegal gold mining in Nigeria. Source: Wikipedia commons

Team (NCSMT) and the Department of Mineral Resources, is working to identify and deal with the next three levels that constitute the buyer market nationally and internationally. This work is undertaken hand-in-hand with international agencies such as the United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI), European police, Interpol and international embassies.” “Collaboration is key,” maintains the Minerals Council, which says it has seen a new trend in illegal mining encroaching on the diamond fields of Kimberley as well as chrome mining in Limpopo in the last year as well as evidence of illegal mining in the coal industry.

Industry trends In its 11th annual report on issues transforming the future of mining, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited refers to a value conundrum that’s emerging on the back of a changing mining environment. It’s a challenge that’s going to require mines to “re-envision their corporate strategy, strengthen their risk management, and … push the boundaries on their digital transformation… making technology a strategic priority”, says the organisation. Predicting that technology and artificial intelligence (AI) will play key roles in identifying risks at enterprise level and transforming the supply chain, report author Philip Hopwood, Global Leader – Mining and Metals Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, says further that advances in finance platforms, sensor technology, autonomous vehicles, cloudbased solutions and analytics are paving the way for the design of a digital mine.

A double-edged sword Cybersecurity specialist GECI International is also anticipating increasing take-up of technology in the mining sector. In an article titled “Mining automation, IIoT, raise cyber risk” (LINK), it says South African mining operations are set to embrace next-generation automation and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems to cut costs and increase production. “However, it warns, failure to implement tight security controls against cyberattacks will make them vulnerable to “crippling shutdowns and threats to human safety”. Mike Bergen, the South African representative for GECI, says: “Mines are starting to adopt IIoT and intelligent automation across the entire pit-to-port chain, from autonomous vehicles to robotic drilling, and all of these new technologies

Illegal gold mining in Nigeria. Source: Wikipedia commons

are connected. Unless this new smart mine environment is built on a foundation of industry-specific cybersecurity, mines risk financial losses, threats to human health and safety and even complete shutdown. With margins as tight as they are, no mine can afford this risk.” “Cybercrime is a sophisticated and lucrative business, but mines have tended to lag in terms of cybersecurity,” he continues, citing EY Global Mining and Metals Cybersecurity Leader Michael Rundus as saying 54 per cent of mining companies had experienced a significant cyber incident in the past 12 months. “Cyber risk has become such a major threat to the sector that EY lists cyber risk among the top five business risks facing the mining and metals industry. And attacks on industrial facilities are taking place all the time, costing industries billions,” Mr Bergen says. The attack on Swiss/Belgian mining and metals processor Nyrstar early this year, is a case in point. Mr Bergen says it shut down parts of its IT systems across its operations, with undisclosed losses. “This is typical of many such attacks, the losses not being disclosed or purposefully trivialised as “insignificant” by the embarrassed victims,” he says, adding: “As mining operations embrace digitisation and IIoT to optimise their processes, they are increasingly opening themselves up to the risk of attack by cyber criminals, activists, and even possibly competitors or national enemies. “So, automation is a double-edged sword, and mines need to make cybersecurity a top priority.”

PERSONALITY PROFILE

In conversation with...

Gareth Newham “I hope and dream that South Africa can manage to achieve its incredible potential. And that its people will have the courage and boldness to do things differently and build a just and inclusive society.” Gareth Newham, Head of the Justice and Violence Prevention Programme at the Institute for Security Studies in Pretoria. The early years Born in Hillbrow, Gareth Newham grew up in Brackenhurst and then Bedfordview. He matriculated in 1987 at St Benedict’s College, a school he describes as independent and multi-racial. Other schools, were not, however.

The pursuit of justice I’ve always been sensitive to injustice as a result of my upbringing. I became good friends with the black guys in my class, which brought home the injustice and cruelty of apartheid. I have fought for justice ever since. Originally planning to become a game ranger, Gareth’s career focus shifted in his senior school years. He was awarded a Master’s Degree in Public and Development Management (MM-P&DM) from the University of the Witwatersrand in 2002. This was preceded by a Post-Graduate Diploma in Applied Social Science Research Methodology from the University of Stellenbosch in 1997, an Honours Degree in Political Studies in 1994, and a Bachelor’s Degree in Social Sciences in 1993, the latter both being from the University of Cape Town.

When did you join the Institute of Security Studies (ISS)? In January 2010. Previously, I had been the Special Projects Manager and Strategic Advisor to the Gauteng MEC for Community Safety, Firoz Cachalia, since 2006. Before that I spent seven years working for the Criminal Justice Programme at the Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation.

No typical days I don’t really have a typical day as I’m constantly confronting and tackling new challenges. This comes with having ultimate responsibility for managing 20 projects funded from 16 grants that involve numerous government and civil society partners. The projects are clustered into four key focus areas:

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• Improving and understanding violence and violent crime in South Africa; • Supporting better criminal justice with a main focus on policing and prosecutions; • Promoting evidence-based violence prevention interventions; and • Tracking and analysing corruption and the state’s response to it.

What does this involve? Quantitative and qualitative research and analysis. Producing short articles, policy briefs, reports, accredited journal articles, book chapters and multi-media products aimed at a variety of audiences. Convening events such as seminars, roundtables, workshops and conferences, and assisting in the development of strategies, policies and legislation. Briefing and doing presentations to different partners and stakeholders. And liaising with the media. Fortunately, I have an excellent team of skilled and dedicated people working in the programme that I head.

and public safety in South Africa, this will not be sufficient to address the high levels of violence in our society. Much more needs to be done to intervene in the factors, and change the mindsets that result in many people using violence to solve problems, react to conflict or express their frustrations. There are many evidence-based violence prevention interventions that are currently underway, but these need to be better coordinated and scaled up. These are programmes that all of us can be involved in as they are aimed at providing practical assistance and support to the caregivers of young children, learners in primary and secondary schools, and young adults.

What motivates you to get out of bed every day? Currently, my 20-month-old daughter who is a very early riser! And then the list of tasks I need to complete each day.

As a country with a terrible crime record, what do you feel needs to be done, and by whom? Unfortunately, there are no simple answers to this question. While the State has a constitutional duty to ensure that we live in a safe country, we all have a role to play. Those in the State need to develop and implement clear, practical and measurable plans to professionalise the police, and improve the capacity of the Hawks and the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA). While improving the criminal justice system is necessary to build the rule of law

Of the various crime categories, femicide and child abuse are making constant headlines. What does this say about South Africa? It says that we are a deeply traumatised and patriarchal nation. Too many men have grown up being exposed to violence and see it as normal or necessary to navigate their relationships with, or control women and children.

What are your fears and concerns for South Africa? That we continue to under-perform and fail to solve our challenges of reducing poverty, inequality, unemployment and violence.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

PERSONALITY XXX PROFILE

Ticked off the bucket list: Gareth Newham has climbed variious mountains including Kilimanjaro and Mount Kenya.

What attributes do you most admire in people?

What’s on your bucket list?

Integrity, dedication and humour. I’ve learned a lot from the people around me – particularly from those whose knowledge, passion and dedication I respect and admire. Fortunately, I’ve never experienced a shortage of people from whom I can learn and who inspire me to do better.

I am lucky enough to have largely achieved what’s on my bucket list. I have travelled to 41 countries on five continents. I’ve climbed various mountains including Kilimanjaro and Mount Kenya. I have also scuba-dived, skydived, bungee-jumped, river-rafted and trekked through all sorts of remote areas including the Amazon Jungle, the Himalayas and a number of African nature reserves across the continent.

What do you in your leisure time? I have two young adopted children, so my leisure time is all about family.

I’ve been very fortunate to have had many amazing and life-enriching experiences backpacking around Africa, South America and Asia with my highly accomplished wife, who has been the love of my life of 21 years.

The books on your bedside table? I’m currently reading As if Born to Me. It’s my sister, Susan Newham-Blake’s second book. Next on my list is Jonny Steinberg’s latest book One Day in Bethlehem.

COMPANY NEWS

New partnership for supply of

CIT tamper evident solutions

SBV, South Africa’s leading services and solutions provider in the processing, moving and managing of cash and other high valued assets have partnered up with tamper evident security specialists Mega Fortris, South Africa.

From left to right: Wesley Rousseau (MD – MFSA), Alessandro Basso (Sales Director – MFSA), Janine Kotzen (Operations Director – MFSA), Kathleen Kopp (Procurement Specialist – SBV), Claire Raath (Head of Procurement – SBV)

he partnership see’s the supply and distribution of tamper evident security bags and security seals nationwide as an added enhancement to SBV’s already impressive security profile. Mega Fortris South Africa, a subsidiary of global industry leaders the Mega Fortris Group have designed and manufactured a product unique to the South African market adding multiple layers of security, thereby enhancing the integrity of cash-in-transit. Kathleen Kopp from SBV’s procurement team believes the added security layers will enhance SBV’s unique client offerings. “The changes that we made in the overall bag design has reduced the likelihood of losses as tampering is significantly more difficult. This in turn provides enhanced security features for our clients. The uninterrupted supply of tamper evident bags has ensured

“We are extremely proud to be associated with a company such as SBV Services, their trend setting risk mitigation profile and company culture is one you certainly don’t come across very often and it’s been a pleasure to work together with them as like-minded individuals who understand the importance of foundation security”, continued Rousseau. Kopp certainly agrees, “apart from financial losses, SBV also aims to mitigate the risk of reputational damage to our clients. More secure bags not only reduce the likelihood of tampering, but also the reputational damage when such a loss event should occur. The solution offers our clients enhanced security benefits.” With over 30 cash processing centres, over 700 armoured vehicles and more than 7 000 employees, SBV Services is the trusted and preferred partner of the banking industry.

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that we continue to operate and service our clients with no delays in the supply of consumables”, said Kopp. “They listened to what our needs were and came to the party with recommended improvements. We now have more secure bags at a superior quality that provide greater visibility thereby reducing the likelihood of tampering.” Mega Fortris has been in the South African market for almost 6 years and quality is their number one priority. “It’s just not negotiable, we have been extremely meticulous about the quality of our products for over 20 years and continue to not only improve existing products, we also introduce new solutions with the ultimate goal of preventing intrusion, as such, detecting and tracing it when it does occur”, said Wesley Rousseau managing director of Mega Fortris South Africa.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

COMPANY NEWS

Hensoldt embarks on consolidation and expansion Globally renowned sensor solutions provider HENSOLDT has brought together its two subsidiaries in South Africa, GEW Technologies and HENSOLDT Optronics South Africa which, under the consolidated HENSOLDT South Africa brand, will see targeted growth and expansion in products, services, sales and R&D in what amounts to a bold new era for the company.

“C

onsolidating GEW and Optronics under the HENSOLDT brand is an important strategic step towards the future growth of our South African business”, said Thomas Müller, CEO of HENSOLDT. “We will leverage the power of the HENSOLDT brand and our global footprint to open new market opportunities for our South African business.” GEW has for decades been a highlyregarded specialist in spectrum dominance and electronic warfare systems, whilst Optronics is one of the world’s leading optronics suppliers, covering airborne gimbals, to submarine periscopes and laser rangefinders.

Together, the two companies have more than 70 years of combined experience and proven industry success. The creation of HENSOLDT South Africa is a milestone in the growth of the South African business, with the new company aiming to leverage the immense power and well-earned trust of the global HENSOLDT brand to double its turnover, staff and reach in the next five years and open up new market opportunities, as well as develop critical skills. “This is a major step towards our HENSOLDT South Africa Growth Strategy and the creation of a South African sensor solution house”, said Celia Pelaz, member of HENSOLDT’s Executive Committee and

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

responsible for the strategic development of HENSOLDT in South Africa. “We are committed to further investing in the growth of our South African footprint and support president Ramaphosa’s announced investment drive. Our experience in the country shows that international investment and cooperation that has been added to local infrastructure, skills and capacity is the perfect mix for business success and local economy growth.” Leveraging the strong heritage built up by the two South African brands over the past decades, the company is deeply committed to investing in the growth of its footprint in South Africa and investing in the country –

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COMPANY NEWS

Zoli Kunene- Hensoldt South Africa Shareholder.

it already contributes significantly to South Africa’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), as GEW and Optronics have a combined turnover of more than R1.5 billion per annum. This will grow as HENSOLDT invests half a billion rand in South Africa, indicating the great confidence the company has in this market. As it designs, manufactures and supports all its products locally, HENSOLDT South Africa is a vital supplier of sovereign electronic warfare technology to the South African National Defence Force (SANDF), providing a critical strategic capability. HENSOLDT does not only service the defence and security markets – for instance, the Independent Communications Authority of South Africa (ICASA) has been using its direction finding equipment for spectrum monitoring and regulation for more than 20 years. It is also active in wildlife conservation, having developed a combined radar and electro-optical surveillance system that is protecting over a thousand rhinos in South Africa. This is part of the company’s aim to contribute meaningfully to conservation and is in line with its social responsibility goals. HENSOLDT South Africa is well positioned to achieve its aim of becoming the leading defence and security electronics house in the region. It aims to expand its product portfolio and expand its market, particularly in Africa, the Middle East, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Europe. However, it will continue to offer every single one of its well-proven existing products to customers whilst expanding its offering into the radar, data link, Identification Friend or Fore (IFF), customer services and business development fields, amongst many others as part of its ambitious growth blueprint. HENSOLDT believes that international investment and cooperation utilising

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Hensoldt South Africa, and Hensoldt Germany ExCo at the launch of Hensoldt South Africa

local infrastructure, skills and capacity is a proven recipe for local economic growth and business success. “We have the competency and capacity in South Africa to build a global organisation from the South African base,” Van der Watt says. This includes organic and inorganic growth, with investment within HENSOLDT and other businesses. As a hub of innovation and excellence, HENSOLDT South Africa will match and exceed the best the world has to offer. HENSOLDT South Africa is the largest industrial presence of the group outside of Europe, with 600 employees, who are all South African (HENSOLDT has an international workforce of some 5 000). Its employees are renowned for their work ethic and reputation for quality and commitment. With the company’s ambitious expansion plans, it is expecting to grow its skills base by several hundred mechanical, electronic and computer engineers. “One of my goals is to make sure we are a responsible corporate citizen and follow the recently launched South African Defence Sector Charter. We will make sure this company has improved good Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) rating,” Van der Watt says. This includes building suppliers and growing the local industry as part of HENSOLDT South Africa’s drive to be a responsible corporate citizen. “This will create innovation in South Africa that will benefit the global market, Van der Watt says. “In terms of how we want to innovate – what HENSOLDT has realised, is that the future is not building weapons or platforms – it is about data and information. Our positioning is, we are a sensor solutions house. We want to be the number one sensor solutions house in the world, which means we design sensors that generate data; positioning ourselves closer to where the future lies, which is closer to the data.” Van der Watt brings his extensive

Rynier Van Der Watt- Hensoldt South Africa managing director.

“In terms of how we want to innovate – HENSOLDT has realised that the future is not building weapons or platforms – it is about data and information.” experience in the industry to his position as managing director of HENSOLDT South Africa, having founded Parsec in the mid-1990s. He previously worked for Etion, which was created when Parsec and Ansys merged. Hennie Venter is the Chief Executive of the electronic warfare side of the business and Deon Olivier is the Chief Executive of the optronics business unit. Under the leadership of Rynier van der Watt and his team, who together have decades of industry experience, HENSOLDT South Africa is making use of its rich heritage to leap into the future and become the leading defence electronics and security solutions provider in South Africa, for the entire world.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

COMPANY NEWS

PUBLIC SAFETY

Invixium and Pyro-Tech announce

distribution partnership

Invixium, a manufacturer of modern, IP-based biometric solutions and Pyro-Tech Security Suppliers, a leading supplier of security, surveillance and protection equipment, has announced a new distribution partnership in South Africa.

nder this partnership, Pyro-Tech will now offer Invixium’s full line of advanced biometric solutions to resellers throughout South Africa. Invixium products provide secure access control and convenient time and attendance tracking of employees. Known for exquisite design and highquality construction, Invixium’s IP-enabled biometric solutions feature the latest in cutting-edge technology and are ideal for the African market. This is due to the incorporation of rugged components like multispectral imaging fingerprint sensors from Lumidigm on the IXM TITAN, SENSE 2 and TOUCH 2 products along with highly durable, IP65 and IK08

protected exterior making them very suitable for deployments in outdoor harsh environments. The TITAN ramps up further by achieving IK10 impact protection. “South Africa is a veteran and an extremely mature market for biometric solutions and is ready for a fresh, modern, disruptive brand,” said Shiraz Kapadia, CEO and president at Invixium. “Pyro-Tech’s technical knowledge and market experience as a premium distributor of security and surveillance equipment will provide traditional biometric resellers

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

new opportunities by selling Invixium’s modern and rugged biometric solutions.” “Pyro-Tech is excited to offer Invixium’s innovative range of biometric solutions in South Africa. Invixium solutions are well suited to our market; a coupling of high-end design and rugged construction while still offering incredible value. We believe that our existing customers will benefit greatly from these awardwinning products and look forward to introducing them to our clients throughout the region,” said Joe Ferreira, managing director at Pyro-Tech.

securityfocusafrica.com

NEWS

Protecting women needs to become a top priority While South Africa holds its women in high regard, it is concerning that the many of fraud victims in the country are female.

anie van Schalkwyk, executive director of the Southern African Fraud Prevention Service (SAFPS) feels that, as with any fraud related crime, this is an issue that needs urgent attention.

On the rise The banking sector in South Africa is growing daily as members of the public who never had access to banking services are opening bank accounts. However, a report by The South African Banking Risk Information Centre (SABRIC) said that it was concerned by the rise in bank card fraud which cost the country more than R800 million in 2018. The statistics show that there was an 18 per cent increase in combined gross card fraud losses on South African-issued cards, totalling more R873 394 351, with credit card fraud increasing by 18.4 per cent and debit card fraud increasing by 17.5 per cent. “We are concerned about some of the increases, which clearly reflect that criminals will take every opportunity to get their hands on bank customers’ money,” said Kalyani Pillay, chief executive of SABRIC. According to a 2018 report that was conducted by Statistics South Africa,

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53.8 per cent of the country’s fraud victims were women. In addition, only 24.6 per cent of the women who fell victim to fraud reported it to police. “What is sad to note is that the reasons for not reporting crime to the police is that the victims feel that the police will not do anything or cannot do anything once a crime is reported. This needs to change. We need to encourage a culture of action when it comes to law enforcement,” said van Schalkwyk.

Getting creative While South African men are the traditional breadwinners of South African families, it is the women who control the finances and hold the purse strings. This makes them a prime target for fraudsters who can be very convincing if the situation calls for it. “We have seen a sharp increase in Vishing incidents, where criminals phone bank customers, lead them to believe that they are speaking to the bank or a legitimate service provider, and use social engineering tactics to manipulate them into disclosing their confidential bank card details, as well as other personal information. A bank will never call you to ask for this information. If you receive such a call, put the phone down immediately.”

According to SABRIC crime stats, lost and/or stolen debit card fraud amounted to 42.5 per cent of all debit card fraud in 2018, and bank customers continue to fall victim to fraud while transacting at ATMs.

Increased protection The need to protect women against all types of fraud needs to be made a priority in this country. While care givers and the heart of the home, women are often some of the most vulnerable people in South Africa. “South Africa has long held the belief that of you strike a woman, you strike a rock. While this is the case in a society where there are an increasing number of women leaders, we need to refocus our attention on a culture of governance and action when it comes to law enforcement. We cannot continue to let the most vulnerable in our society become repeat victims of financial crimes such as fraud. “Those who have lost their IDs or who feel that they are falling victim to fraud related crime needs to make contact with the SAFPS,” said van Schalkwyk, who added that a definite call to action is needed if we are to fight the scourge of fraud.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

CASH-IN-TRANSIT XXX

The latest #crimestatssa

Retail businesses still operate in a danger zone

Minister of Police, Bheki Cele, announced the national crime statistics for 2018/19 earlier thsi month, highlighting that South African retail businesses still operate in a danger zone.

“A

s an industry, we commend period, decreased by 12 per cent compared government and law to the previous period (2,272), while enforcement for their efforts in burglary attacks dropped by 13 per cent ensuring a decline in business, (631). bank and CIT robberies. Although the latest “We are encouraged by the 23 per cent #crimestatssa show an improvement, the drop in attacks against retail cash devices reality is that South African businesses are among the CGCSA retail members in the still experiencing high crime levels, with 55 first eight months of this year,” adds Mr armed robbery attacks and 195 burglaries Phillips. a day – this remains a huge concern, and The Cash in Transit (CIT) industry is a begs for greater efforts by all concerned,” critical service provider to the economy says Richard Phillips, joint CEO of Cash and its performance has a direct impact Connect. on retailers across the country. While we According to the Minister, non-residential applaud the reduction of 23 per cent in robberies declined by a mere 56 incidents violent attacks against the CIT companies (0.28 per cent) in the year ending for the reported period, we note that in the February 2019 from 20 047 to first eight months of this year, incidents 19 991, while non-residential of CIT robbery have escalated to an burglaries increased by 29 average of over eight incidents a attacks (0,04 per cent) from week and suggests that the justice 71 195 to 71 224. cluster’s co-ordinated approach, as The Consumer Goods promised by the Minister last year, Council of SA confirms that has not properly materialised. armed robbery attacks against The national crime statistics released their retail members Richard Phillips, Joint CEO: today, show clear similarities Cash Connect over the same reported between CIT robberies and retail

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

cash crime – supporting our opinion that the same organised syndicates are often involved in committing these crimes. As South Africa’s leader in automated cash management and payment solutions, Cash Connect’s intelligent technology has proven to be the most effective crime deterrent in the local retail sector. “Statistics demonstrate that the risk of armed robberies at retail stores is greatly

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CASH-IN-TRANSIT

mitigated when business owners choose to use robust cash vaults,” says Mr Phillips. “Cash Connect’s goal is to enable cashdriven businesses to operate in a safe trading environment. Against a growth of 37 per cent cash vaults deployed in the comparable year ending February 2019, only 3 per cent of our clients experienced an attack. Of these, 80 per cent of the armed robbery attacks and 84 per cent of bomb attacks against our clients were successfully defended.” Bank robberies have shown a significant decline of 69 per cent with only 4 incidents. As much as the banking sector has improved its security, organised criminals are skilled and professional. Their modus operandi includes; meticulous planning for flawless execution, and they act with military precision – no wonder their brazen use of automatic weapons, bombing of ATMs, cash vans or cash vaults, are all part of normal activity. Attacks against the fuel retail industry

decreased by just over 3 per cent in the same year ending February 2019. “We are pleased with the near 46 per cent decline in attacks on cash devices at fuel station forecourts in the first eight months of this year, this proves a multi-faceted approach to tackling the scourge of violent crime in our sector,” says Reggie Sibiya, the CEO of the Fuel Retailers Association.

But, what needs to be done? With approximately R140billion circulating in South Africa at any given time, cash crime is still a serious problem and we can’t afford to become complacent. “Government and law enforcement have made some progress in reducing cash crime attacks across the country,” says Mark Templemore-Walters, operations director of Cash Connect. “There has also been a positive uptake in the number of retailers turning to cash vault automation. We can only hope that we can continue to win the support of more

and more retailers to help mitigate retail cash crime, particularly as the festive season approaches,” adds Mr Templemore-Walters. For more information on the latest #CrimeStats and tips for retailers to reduce your risk for an armed robbery go to https:// crimestatssouthafrica.co.za.

Virtually irreplaceable

Cash is a public good Cash Matters, a movement by the International Currency Association (ICA), issued a study that makes the case for cash as a public good: “Virtually Irreplaceable: Cash as Public Infrastructure.”

he paper by Dr. Ursula Dalinghaus, Visiting Professor of Anthropology at Ripon College and affiliated scholar at the Institute for Money, Technology & Financial Inclusion (IMTFI) University of California, takes a close look at the role of cash in society and the specific characteristics making it a public good, citing relevant studies, scholars and field experiments. “Cash in circulation is growing on a global scale by approximately 3% per year; 80% of all payments worldwide are cash transactions. Cash is an essential part of every stable financial and economic system”, stated ICA Chairman Wolfram Seidemann. “This paper demonstrates that cash is more than just a means of payment. It is a public good, part of modern life and vital for people’s everyday lives.”

The paper comes to the following conclusions: • Cash is a public good that guarantees ease of use, accessibility, privacy, and many

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other unique qualities in local, national, and global monetary systems. Cash fulfills both criteria for a public good: it is nonexcludable because its function as a means of payment, of transfer of value, works without compensation. And it is nonrivalrous because its use by one person does not preclude its use by another. • Cash is public – the only form of money not controlled by a private, profit-driven entity. Once in circulation, it is the only form of payment independent of its issuer. It is deployed not to make a profit on its transfer but to support and sustain value transfers free of charge. There may be costs associated with cash, but cash itself is a means of value transfer that settles at face value with no fees involved. • Cash enables personal freedom and self-determination – state-issued physical cash is a distributed public infrastructure that allows citizens and users to create a space outside the state. At the same time, cash acts as a claim upon central banks and, ultimately, states to ensure

good governance of monetary and payment systems. • The materiality of cash is vital to many social practices. The role cash plays in social relationships often hinges on the physical design of cash, such as denomination, which makes cash particularly useful for budgeting, accounting, gifting, or saving. “The IMTFI has a stellar reputation, and we were very pleased when they consented to an academic evaluation of the role of cash in societies. This paper draws on global studies, data and facts, and provides an excellent resource for all stakeholders”, explained Andrea Nitsche, chair of Cash Matters. “Our study casts fresh light on the discussion around cash as a means of empowerment of citizens and consumers in society. Many of the scholars and experts cited are economists or central bank experts. However, there is also the anthropological point of view which makes for some surprising insights, and serves to illustrate the theses in this paper with examples from the daily lives of people across the globe.”

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

TECHNOLOGY UPDATE

Deepfakes: what they are and how to spot them

By Africa Check

Concern around the potential for deepfake technology to compromise American security and society has led to the drafting of new legislation.

alled the Deepfake Report Act, it was compiled by US Senators Cory Gardner, Rob Portman and Martin Heinrich in their capacity as co-founders of the United States Senate Artificial Intelligence Caucus, along with Caucus members Joni Ernst, Brian Schatz, Gary Peters and Mike Rounds. It is intended to direct the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to conduct an annual study of deepfakes and other types of similar content, they said in a press release, calling the Act a “crucial step” in an era “where we have more information available at our fingertips than ever”.

What are deepfakes? Described by the US Caucus as “hyperrealistic, digital manipulations of real content that depict events that did not actually occur”, deepfakes have made international headlines in recent months. Malicious deepfakes include postings of people in compromising sexual positions, politicians and celebrities saying things

they never said and the face-aging app that went viral on Facebook earlier this year.

Enormous opportunities and serious challenges “Artificial intelligence (AI) presents enormous opportunities for improving the world around us but also poses serious challenges,” said Senator Gardner. “Deepfakes can be used to manipulate reality and spread misinformation quickly…. (so) we have to be vigilant about making sure that information is reliable and true in whichever form it takes.” The challenges posed by deepfakes will require policymakers to grapple with important questions related to civil liberties and privacy, added Senator Portman “As AI rapidly becomes an intrinsic part of our economy and society, AI-based threats such as deepfakes have become an increasing threat to our democracy.” “AI certainly provides a number of benefits,” said Senator Joni Ernst. “However, some of its applications – like deepfakes –

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are misleading folks across the country. This poses not only a threat to civil liberties, but to our national security.” Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee member Senator Gary Peters added: “When we see something with our own eyes, we tend to believe it, and video has become an important way for people around the world to communicate and share information. “Deepfakes have the potential to undermine our trust in what we see and hear by creating deceptive content that poses a threat to everything from public safety to our democracy. This bill will task our top intelligence and defense experts with shining a light on these rapidly developing threats and the implications (that) forged content can have on our society.”

New apps and websites coming South African technology expert Arthur Goldstuck, MD of World Wide Worx, is expecting significant growth in the arena of artificial intelligence tools such as point-

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TECHNOLOGY UPDATE

and-click adaptations of videos and images. This, he says, is likely to be aided by the creation of apps and websites that will obviate the need for the technical expertise that’s currently required to produce deepfakes. The flip side of the coin, he notes, is the likelihood of authentic products being presented as fake, a concern that’s been raised by the legal fraternity. The challenge for lawyers and judges is going to be to identify and separate fact from fiction, says Mr Goldstuck, something that can be done by assessing the various elements of the video or image: “Fakes tend to portray outof-character and even illegal behaviour. The most common test is to check if the news source is credible.”

Seeing is not always believing Africa Check, in its guide on “How to spot cheap, out-of-context and deepfake videos (https://africacheck.org/factsheets/ guide-how-to-spot-cheap-out-of-contextand-deepfake-videos/)” says seeing is not always believing. Videos claiming to be of xenophobic violence in South Africa went viral in September 2019, says the organisation. An investigation by Africa Check found that many of them were either old or had been shared out of context. “Videos can be easily manipulated. They can also be realistically created using new technology, making people appear to say or do outrageous things.” Africa Check’s tips on how to identify manipulated videos, videos shared out of context and deepfakes include:

1. Manipulated or poorly edited videos A video purportedly showing US House of Representatives, Nancy Pelosi, drunk, was watched 2.5 million times on Facebook in just a few days, says Africa Check. It turned out that the video had been slowed down to slur her speech as evidenced in the

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original video and the altered video, which can be watched side-by-side. To verify the authenticity of a video, Africa Check recommends doing online searches for photographs and news stories relating to it as well as a search for the original. It also advises on doing a reverse image search of screenshots of the video and a search for keywords describing the event. Another way to verify authenticity is to check playback speed. Free online tools such as Kapwing can slow down or speed up videos until they sound normal, after which the “new” video can be compared to the video in question. It’s also an idea to look for “jumps” or clumsy transitions where something has been added or deleted – this can be done by moving through single frames of the footage.

2. Videos shared out of context This applies to genuine videos that have not been edited or manipulated but which are shared out of context. An example of this, says Africa Check, was footage of a young woman allegedly being stabbed in Welkom in South Africa earlier this year. After going viral, the video was found to have originated in Brazil, and had nothing to do with the alleged murder of the South African woman. To check if a video is being shared out of context, Africa Check suggests using different search terms to find previous airings and debunks. Taking screenshots of key frames in the video will also allow for reverse image searches. Amnesty International’s YouTube DataViewer can be used to check the origin of a YouTube video. Further,

advises Africa Check, pay special attention to a video’s upload date, since old videos can’t depict recent events. Read the comments accompanying videos and social media posts. People often use the comments to debunk a video, photo or claim, says the organisation, and valuable fact-checking clues or information can be found in posts by others.

3. Deepfakes According to Africa Check, the name deepfakes derives from “deep learning” and “fake”. Using machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) to create fake videos, deepfakes have become a major concern owing to their potential for criminal use, says Africa Check. Tips to spot a deepfake include doing a Google search to see who else is reporting on the video and its content. If statements or actions by public figures are genuine, they will be reported by the credible news media. Take screen grabs from the video and then do a Google reverse image search for the original or a longer version. This can help find earlier uses and the wider context. Search for a transcript of a speech to compare against the video in question. While people often improvise when speaking in public, it’s still a good place to start. Rely on trusted sources and be wary of anonymous accounts that post videos. Deepfakes work best with short videos because of the time and skill it takes to make longer ones, so be wary of brief clips. Also be on the lookout for visual clues such as weirdlooking faces and bad lip syncing. This report was written by Africa Check, a nonpartisan fact-checking organisation. https://africacheck.org/factsheets/guidehow-to-spot-cheap-out-of-context-anddeepfake-videos/.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

ON THE MARKET

SearchInform releases

FileAuditor SearchInform has announced a new product – a solution for a file system auditing.

ileAuditor is a DCAP (data-centric audit and protection) product which allows businesses control files containing critical data, inform companies’ managers about changes made to a file (creating, editing, moving, deleting, etc.) and make shadow copies of recent revisions. The system demonstrates who made these changes and detects access rights violations. The capabilities of the software are not limited to files only. File folders are subject to the analysis – the solution identifies content and modified access rights. A specialist responsible for risk mitigation will have a grasp on what is going on in a file system. This solves the problem of controlling transfer of confidential information to users who do not have access rights to it. The company has developed the product, which puts in order a file system and focuses your attention on an issue occurring in case a file is accessed by an unauthorised

employee, edited and copied, and whether it contains critical information. Confidential data sometimes happens to be accessible to hundreds of people instead of a few who are allowed to use it. “SearchInform FileAuditor allows you to clean up your file system and quickly respond to dangerous situations. For example, an internal corporate incident was discovered by one of our clients, a large retailer, while using the trial version of the product. “A market research file, costing 100 thousand dollars, was accessed by 300 employees instead of a few dozens. If the module had been installed before, the incident would have been prevented,” says Sergey Ozhegov, CEO of SearchInform. The system detects location of vulnerable data by enabling any type of search: by phrases, by regular expressions, by attributes (size, location, etc.). It is possible to create complex queries, for example, search by a piece of text and a file attribute at the same time, as well

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

as by selected directories and computers. SearchInform FileAuditor performs data analysis both on local PCs and on servers, which reduces the cost of purchasing data storage equipment. “The classic DLP approach when sensitive data is stopped from being sent outside a company’s perimeter is not enough. Today’s business processes demand that perimeters are set even inside an organisation making access to data limited depending on an employee’s role within a team,” Alexey Parfentiev, senior business analyst at SearchInform comments on the purpose of the solution. “If there is no access control instrument integrated, an employee, who is authorised to work with a document, can easily move it to a public folder. SearchInform FileAuditor has been created to prevent your company from self-willed or accidental activities.”

securityfocusafrica.com

ON THE MARKET

Matrix biometric readers Productivity of any enterprise depends on its effectiveness in having the right people in the right place at the right time. Physical security over past decades has become increasingly more difficult for organisations to implement effectively.

hese two seemingly contradictory requirements lead to challenges in finding optimum balance between productivity and security. They are inherently human oriented, complex and challenging to automate With respect to Access Control, security depends on having the right answers to Who, What, Where and When. Defining, controlling and monitoring entries and exits at each site, zone, floor, area and location is of utmost importance. An additional challenge lies in overlapping, and contradictory, requirements from organisation to organisation. Matrix COSEC is an enterprise-grade People Mobility Management solution for organisations covering:

Access control Matrix COSEC presents an adaptive, modular, scalable and function-rich Access Control solution. It is designed to meet access control needs of any organisation irrespective of its size, locations, layouts, and timings. In addition, a range of valueadded features like Anti-Pass back, 2-Person rule, First-In User, Blocked Users, Door Auto Re-lock, Guard Tour, Mantrap and Smart Card based Identification ensures Foolproof security of physical assets and safety of manpower.

calculation of overtime, leave balances, enables managers to work efficiently. Its standalone or network-based operation is ideal for Schools, Hospitals, Government Institutes, Banks, Remote Sites, Hotels, Small/Large Enterprises and many more. HR can easily utilise employee attendance management software for employee review, appraisals or monthly salary calculation.

Visitor management Matrix COSEC Visitor Management is designed to address these concerns in a very professional and systematic method without compromising security, hospitality or productivity. Matrix Visitor Management Module automates the entire process of registering a visitor, printing a pass and capturing detailed information in a fewÂ seconds.

Cafeteria management Matrix provides an automated canteen management system, from placing an order to delivery and including payments. Cafeteria Management allows an administrator to create up to 255 menu items for accommodating different types of food items offered in the canteen. This ultimately improves productivity and reduces wastage of food.

Time attendance

Contract workers management

Matrix Time-Attendance system is an automated attendance management software which records the attendance data of a user and generates various reports for the further actions. It not only saves administrative cost but also facilitates HR to centrally manage the attendance policies from multiple locations. Automatic

Matrix Contract Workers Management solution is designed for large and small organisations to meet their demand of skilled manpower supply and helps in monitoring the contract workers. Meeting statutory requirements is an important aspect in managing contract workers. Matrix Contract Workers Management

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allows managers and contractors to improve labour productivity and enhance operational efficiency, bringing down overall cost.

Job processing and costing Matrix COSEC Job and Project Costing Module (JPC) are designed to accommodate the whole life cycle of a job. It manages all the phases involved in a particular job. The module accurately monitors man-hours dedicated on a particular project/phase in real-time, generates reports, and assigns multiple jobs to an individual easily.

Field visit management Matrix COSEC Field Visit Management is a comprehensive web-based field employeeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s portal. It involves management of field employeeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s activities. It allows management of Field Tasks done by employees under various Field Schedules. It provides live tracking of field employee schedules via reports with real-time notifications on exceptions.

Employee self service Using Employee Self Service, the employees can view a variety of information including attendance summary, punch events, attendance details, leave balance, holiday and work schedules. Additionally, reporting officer can approve or reject leave and tour applications, authorise attendance and plan work schedules of his subordinates. Our Access Control and Time-Attendance solution helps bolster security and efficient workforce management. All in all, Matrix COSEC is a flexible, modular and scalable solution designed for large, medium and small enterprises.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

ON THE MARKET

New Panomera® W camera series from Dallmeier New “Panomera® W” camera series from Dallmeier promises exceptional economy and functionality for capturing large areas. With the Panomera® W series, Dallmeier reaches a new level in design and material quality.

hen capturing large spatial contexts with video technology, users still have to make many compromises. The 180- and 360-degree versions of the Panomera® W series from Dallmeier have taken up the cause of overcoming these challenges and providing customers with the ability to monitor their indoor and outdoor premises most effectively for minimal outlay in terms of personnel and costs. The task of providing surveillance for large outdoor expanses and indoor areas successfully yet efficiently in terms of costs and personnel is one of the great challenges in video technology. Operators and staffing budgets alike are most often overstretched, then there are high infrastructure costs to consider, and not infrequently the result with regard to image quality, overview, achievement of objectives and operability falls short of expectations.

Tracking objects and changing perspectives In the new Panomera® W8 (360°) and W4 (180°) systems, the images from the individual sensors are merged by the innovative Dallmeier operating software in such a way that the operator is presented

with a logical, almost entirely rectified panoramic overview. The cameras even reproduce the area directly below the housing in high resolution. Another unique feature of the Panomera® systems is that in principle any number of operators can zoom into a scene at the same time, and the total overview image is retained at all times both live and in the recording. In this way, it is guaranteed that no valuable information or evidence is lost. If several systems are used at the same time, objects can be tracked across multiple camera systems very easily – or the same scene can be examined from various viewpoints quite conveniently.

Lowest operating costs in relation to area Those responsible for security will be glad of the extremely simple operation of the systems due to the available video management software and the small number of screens needed to cover the scene. Situation assessments are made quickly and assuredly; changing perspectives with a few clicks of the mouse and object tracking across multiple cameras make the system exceptionally flexible and powerful. Operating even a large number of cameras as a total system is

Savings on every level The Regensburg-based manufacturer states that during development of the Panomera® W series the economic efficiency of the overall system was the highest priority. As a result, usability innovations and the small number of cameras needed significantly help to save costs in all important aspects from planning and implementation to operation and service. This in turn yields advantages for everyone involved and all stages of the project – from the installer to the person making the business decisions.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

Savings during planning, purchasing and operation as well as through significantly greater operator productivity are the prerequisite for ultimate cost efficiency.

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ON THE MARKET

simplicity itself and so enables large spatial relationships to be monitored much more efficiently. Consequently, a very large overall context per operator can be captured. As a result, personnel costs relative to area covered with the new cameras are low for ongoing operation.

Low infrastructure requirement and flexible deployment at multiple locations Since considerably fewer cameras are needed than for comparable solutions, the costs for masts, installation, cables and cable-laying or mounting points are also reduced. The manufacturer also offers a solution for environments with limited bandwidth: Upon request, the optional “junction box” can be equipped with up to four terabytes of memory, thereby dispensing with the need for routing new cables and network components in certain scenarios. And the “quick lock” mounting system enables the same camera systems to be swapped between different locations, for example if different crime hotspots are to be observed at different times in an urban surveillance setting.

Completely new mounting concept of the “plug-and-play” camera For installers, the integrated, newly developed “Mountera®” mounting concept of the Panomera® W series offers many innovations for installing the cameras much faster and therefore less expensively: From the mounting handle for removal and

transportation to an integrated “bubble protector” which remains on the system until final installation, up to the “quick lock” system for mounting by a single technician. Additionally, only one Allen key size is needed in order to complete the entire installation. The Panomera® W series camera models have at last been made truly “plug-and-play” capable with the full pre-calibration and pre-setting of all sensors. Accordingly, the effort needed to adjust the optical elements is reduced to a minimum as well.

Everything begins with the planning

the cheapest system that is required, but the solution that can be operated most economically. Therefore, when deciding for a video security solution it is essential to perform a total cost assessment and not to be distracted by ostensibly low prices of the individual components”, says Dieter Dallmeier, founder and CEO, Dallmeier electronic. “We consistently adhered to this guideline during development of the new Panomera® W series and we have developed a system which provides the greatest possible economy over the full spectrum of its aspects. On the functional level, solutions of the Panomera® W series also provide a total overview of large spatial relationships which hitherto did not exist on the market in this form.”

Another major element of total cost optimisation is the planning. This is carried out with the aid of a proprietary 3D software suite developed by the manufacturer and by a team of experts who create an exact “digital twin” of the entire customer environment. This way, hidden spots in the field of view can be circumvented, cameras and auxiliary components can be positioned efficiently and the minimum resolution density over the entire area can be planned precisely – this last being an important prerequisite for usability in court and analysis functions. The “CamCards” generated by the planning contain highly precise mounting information and reduce friction losses during commissioning to The intelligent stitching in combination with the zoom a minimum. option for any number of users in all areas of the image “When tendering, it is not offers previously unattainable monitoring.

Is your camera phoning home?

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SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

ON THE MARKET

IDIS launches advanced Lightmaster PTZ Camera Powerful full-HD, 36x optical zoom IR camera meets demand for exceptional wide area coverage and perimeter protection in all lighting conditions

SUBSCRIBE HERE

DIS, Korea’s largest in-country surveillance manufacturer, is extending its award-winning DirectIP® camera range with the introduction of its new flagship 2MP 36x Lightmaster IR PTZ outdoor-ready camera for fast and precise pan/tilt/zoom performance. The new DC-S6283HRX Lightmaster builds on the specification of IDIS’s successful PTZ models, with a high-grade lens combined with advanced sensor technology and finely tuned, client-side image processing, allowing the capture of vivid, true colour video in extremely low light conditions. Excellent performance at long distances, with minimum motion blur, makes the DCS6283HRX ideal for perimeters, shopping centres, stadia, outdoor spaces and public area applications. The camera benefits from IDIS’ signature true plug-and-play, one-click configuration and features 36x optical zoom, IR up to 350 metres, true wide dynamic range (WDR), digital image stabilisation (DIS), a built-in heater and a vandal proof casing. “Designed for 24/7 accurate pan/tilt/ zoom operation this new Lightmaster PTZ camera delivers unparalleled performance

and exceptional detail when zooming. The camera is equipped with a variety of intelligent features and can move between pre-set positions and zoom in automatically in response to detected events. The result is maximum protection for a wide range of applications,” said James Min, managing director, IDIS Europe. The user experience is enhanced with IDIS Smart UX Controls, which is an award-winning, advanced and simple to use interface featuring intuitive slingshot and rubber-band style controls. Operators can smoothly and seamlessly follow moving objects in real-time with ground-breaking accuracy by panning images at different speeds and in different directions – literally without lifting a finger – by using a CTRL button and mouse combination. The camera uses H.264 and H.265 combined with IDIS Intelligent Codec to deliver significant bandwidth and storage savings and benefits from low Power over Ethernet (PoE) energy consumption.

James Min, managing director, IDIS Europe

The risk of gaps in footage is eliminated with IDIS Smart Failover. In the event of network instability, the camera automatically records to an integral 256GB SD card and transfers data to the network video recorder (NVR) once connection is restored, which avoids the need for engineer call outs to retrieve footage. “We are listening and responding to customer demand with our new 2MP PTZ Lightmaster camera, providing an easy to deploy, low-storage and bandwidth solution for wide area coverage and perimeter detection,” said Mr Min. “It’s particularly suited to town centre and city surveillance, stadia, outdoor retail parks, manufacturing and logistics sites and high-security perimeter applications where outstanding performance and easeof-use combined with a low total cost of ownership are becoming essential.”

Contact Publications (Pty) Ltd, PO Box 414, Kloof, 3640 Tel: (031) 764 6977 Fax: 086 762 1867 Email: jackie@contactpub.co.za  Yes, please, I would like to subscribe to Security Focus Africa at R650 per year (RSA only). The subscription includes an annual Buyer’s Guide.  Enclosed please find cheque to the amount of R  Please start my subscription from the Do you require a tax invoice

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SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

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ON THE MARKET

HomeTronix is the master distributor of the FIBARO Smart Home HomeTronix, South Africa’s leading smart home solutions company is pleased to announce it is now the master distributor of FIBARO smart home products in the country.

omeTronix, together with FIBARO, are enabling a smart home lifestyle experience at a very affordable price. FIBARO is a prominent global manufacturer of wireless smart home

systems designed to enhance your comfort and safety lifestyle. Their smart home systems allow you to control your lights, curtains, aircons, security systems, door locks etc., from anywhere in the world via your mobile device.

Their range of wireless products makes installation simple and unobtrusive. The system is integrated, so it enables you to start small and expand over time. The products are wireless, so no extra cabling is required. This allows you do to existing homes without breaking the bank. Whether you want to control your entire home from a single pocket-size device, or customise an action such as having your lights come on and curtains closing automatically when it gets dark and you’re not home – FIBARO is your solution. FIBARO’s range of wireless smart home products are designed to complement your lifestyle.

Nemtek new product feature 24 volt perimeter alarm light The perimeter alarm light system can be installed onto most Nemtek electric-fencing brackets and posts.

he lights are installed at 6m to 9m intervals along the electricfence line to illuminate the area. When the electric fence energiser alarms, the perimeter alarm lights will illuminate the specific zone that has been triggered. This could help detect, and thus deter, the intruder from attacking the fence line. The lights can also be triggered manually at any time using a remote control. The lights are LED, consuming low energy

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and will be illuminated immediately. They also face downward, thus minimising light pollution.

Key Features: • System is powered by a 2.0Amp Nemtek Power Pack with a 7Ah battery for back up during power failures. • A single power pack can provide power to 20 sets of lights (40 in total). • Lights are installed at 6m to 9m intervals along the fence line with 200m coverage on a power pack. • Lights are downward facing. • Lights are LED so no warm-up time is required. • Lights can be triggered in three ways: – Energizer alarm trigger. – Remote on and off. – Day/night switch. • Wet/dry contacts are configurable on the power-supply trigger module.

• Low-voltage cabling is run along the fence line to provide power to the lights • Solar-powered supply option is available when there is no main power.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

CYBERSECURITY

New Mimecast Report reveals analysis of 67 billion rejected emails Report discovers trojans made up 71 per cent of opportunistic attacks, and education as the most targeted sector.

imecast, a leading email attacks using obfuscation, layering and data security company, and bundling of malware were often has launched its first Threat used. Researchers found that threat Intelligence Report: Black Hat actors using these types of attacks Edition 2019. The report provides technical are familiarising themselves with analysis of emerging threats identified their target’s security environment, as attempts to get through the security then implementing multiple environment of Mimecast customers. evasion techniques in efforts to Within the report, Mimecast Threat avoid detection. Center researchers outline tactics and The report also gives specific techniques of emerging threats, active examples of emerging threats, active threat campaigns observed, primary threat campaigns observed, primary threat categories and volume, and the top threat categories and volume, Black Hat Edition 2019 targeted sectors. Researchers also offer their and the top targeted sectors. A insights into how the threat landscape may large number of known malware change over the next 6-18 months based campaigns were observed, including on observations made during this time. ones incorporating Emotet, Adwin, There are two opposing themes that ran Necurs, and Gandcrab malware. through their analysis: attackers are using Microsoft Excel was one of the most either (1) simple, opportunistic attacks or popular file types used to distribute threat landscape, so they can make more (2) complex, targeted attacks based on malicious activity, as more than 40 per cent informed decisions on how to strengthen necessity to impact the target. of threats detected were using files their security posture.” The Threat Intelligence Report covers the associated with it. File types associated Other key findings include outlined period between April and June 2019 and with Microsoft Word were seen in nearly within the Threat Intelligence Report: leverages the processing of nearly 160 15 per cent of threats. • Threat actors are becoming more billion emails, 67 billion of which “The cyberthreat landscape will organised and business-like by were rejected for displaying continue to evolve as threat actors implementing subscription and as-ahighly malicious attack continue to look for new ways service-based business models to deliver techniques. A significant to bypass security channels malware in an effort to reduce their work and improve their return-on-investments. increase in impersonation to breach their targets. We’ve • Spam is heavily used by threat actors attacks was observed, observed malware-centric as a conduit to distribute malware. leveraging well-known basic campaigns becoming more Professional education was the most social engineering techniques sophisticated, often using targeted sector for spam, as they are likely to target individuals for different types of malware Josh Douglas, vice seen as a prime target due to constantly fast and easy financial gain. in different phases of an president of threat changing student populations that are Interestingly, the report attack – yet, at the same time intelligence at Mimecast. not likely to have high security awareness cites that threat actors are very simple attacks are also “The cyberthreat and the potential for attackers to get adapting how they engage increasing significantly,” said access to personal data. their targeted victims, landscape will continue Josh Douglas, vice president • Attacks on management and consulting initiating through email of threat intelligence at to evolve as threat first, then shifting to SMS, a Mimecast. and biotechnology industries accounted actors continue to look less secure communications “The mission of the Threat for 30 per cent of all impersonation for new ways to bypass Intelligence Report is to channel. On the other hand, attacks. security channels to an increasing amount of help organisations better • Trojans made up 71 per cent of breach their targets.” understand the global more complex targeted opportunistic attacks.

Threat Intelligence Report

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

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LAW LAWAND & SECURITY SECURITY

By Peter Bagshawe

headline intro

CRIME STATISTICS

2018-2019

By Peter Bagshawe

The annual report detailing South Africa’s crime statistics for 2018-19 period were released by the Minister of the South African Police Service, Bheki Cele, to Parliament on 12 September 2019. In a piece of understatement, the statistics were categorised by Minister Cele as “not very rosy”.

s is annually the case, the accuracy of the statistics and the mechanisms (and possible avoidance) of reporting of crimes at stations has been raised as an issue, as has the value of an annual report that of itself forces reactive policing methodologies. Going back in time, crime statistics have been presented annually since, from memory, 2012 – having previously been presented quarterly, which is widely regarded as better basis for the planning of crime prevention and analysis. Additionally the crime statistics are some 6 months out of date and do not reflect the recent spate of high profile cases and the resulting current focus on gender based violence is absent from the statistics. Historically, I have reviewed the annual statistics and

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referred extensively to the breakdown of the “trio crimes” that have been a focus point of the South African Police Service (SAPS) in conjunction with the drive towards increased visible policing that has been part of the strategy espoused by the SAPS. At this stage, a different approach is needed and an examination of social implications is appropriate. In overview, the 2018-2019 period crime statistics show upward trends in the areas of contact crime as well as property crime, with shifts within the latter. The first point of review of South African crime statistics is always murder, which is seen as the purest of the classes of crime reported on in that there is always a body associated with the crime as direct evidence. Before looking at the

local situation, a review of the world murder rate per 100 000 inhabitants puts South Africa in 9th position in the world, with a murder rate of 36.4 per cent. This is bracketed between Lesotho (38 per cent) and Swaziland (33.8 per cent). This is based on the World Atlas data for 2018 and the current South African murder rate has been substituted for the then current 2018 South African rate of 33. Based off the 2018 deaths figures provided by the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights figures for 2018, there were more deaths by murder recorded in South Africa (21 022) for the period 20182019 than there were in Syria (19 799), which is damning when the protracted civil war and its aftermath in Syria is taken into account.

In overview the total number of crimes reported in the 20182019 period reduced against the 2017-2018 period by 83 510 offences from 2 096 781 to 2 013 271, which is an overall reduction of 4 per cent. Also to be taken into account in the overview is a reduction of 21.85 per cent in the number of crimes detected by the SAPS in the course of investigation and action to interdict offenders. This appears to relate largely to the 28.1 per cent and 10.1 per cent reductions in the number drug related and illegal possession of arms and ammunition crime detected by police, but is countered by the 19 per cent increase in the detection of sexually related offences. The last mentioned is a pleasing result if it can be related to alternative policing

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

LAW & SECURITY

methods implemented as a result of methodology and direction within the police services and crime intelligence. Commercial crimes have shown a substantial uptick by 14.4 per cent, and this is an indication of both the economic situation as well as a perception of the likelihood of escaping detection and prosecution. Burglary and robbery at residential and non-residential premises, carjacking and truck hijacking all reduced on an annual basis, while robbery at non-residential increased marginally, which shows an improvement in physical security. Contact crimes, which include in the category murder, attempted murder and sexual offences, common assault and robbery increased by 1.6 per cent but of interest is the break out on the days and times of murders committed. Murder as a subset increased by 3.4 per cent annually and 60 per cent of all murders took place over a weekend between 21h00 and 03h00. If this is extended to include Mondays, the figure increases to 70 per cent of murders. The indications are that this is related to alcohol, drug abuse and gang activity which peak over weekends and more particularly around month-end pay days. On a national split, Gauteng showed the highest number on annual murders at 4 495

but, on a population adjusted basis came in 5th behind the Eastern Cape, Western Cape, KwaZulu-Natal and Free State. The 21 022 murders show a trend upwards and within the total number of murders were 2 771 women and 1 014 children which is some 31 per cent of the total deaths. These were often at the hand of spouses/partners, parents or those in a position of guardianship and is an indication of the extent to which violence has become inured in our society to the point that this is an accepted reactive norm. Attempted murder, assault, robbery, robbery with aggravating circumstances and robbery were all increased on an annual basis with a common level on a provincial basis. Here it would also be of interest to see if there is a common trend with heightened instances over weekends. It is sobering that, since 1994, some 500 000 murders and in the region of 1 000 000 rapes have been recorded in South Africa. Earlier reference to murders recorded of women and children require further consideration given the prominence of recent activism around gender based violence; an example of this was the march in Sandton on 6 September 2019, which largely closed off the commercial hub. The activism has become politicised and is likely to

INDEX OF ADVERTISERS & CONTRIBUTORS

It is sobering that, since 1994, some 500 000 murders and in the region of 1 000 000 rapes have been recorded in South Africa. continue to enjoy prominence in political circles as well as Parliament with activists already reacting badly to the presence of politicians at rallies and widespread criticism of the reaction of the State President from a timing and content perspective being recorded. The groundswell support for the activists and the astute use of social media will maintain this as a pressure point on the SAPS, the Minister of Police, Parliament and wider society, rightly so. Despite the best efforts of management and on the ground efforts by members of the South African Police Service the curbing of violent crime and more specifically the reduction of contact, inter gender and partner related crimes will not be reduced without a change in attitude by society. Given the recently publicised differential between local and international police to citizen ratios where the global norm is one police officer serving 220 people the SAPS are currently at 375 people per officer this opinion is reinforced. If viewed alternatively, the serious level of under staffing (being some 60 per cent of the international norm) will in turn drive a stretched police force already burdened with

operational challenges further towards a position where reactive policing will remain the norm. Given that current policing and enforcement procedures are not working alternative mechanisms for both should to be reviewed at Executive level. The current debate on reintroducing the death penalty will not go further than the Constitutional Court (given its mandate) barring bipartisan cooperation in parliament which is unlikely. Establishing and empowering special units for Family Violence, Child Protection and Sexual Offences have been mooted, however staffing and budget constraints are such that these are unlikely to gain traction. Society will be forced to increase its reliance on private security which is not available to all, courts will remain under strain from an investigative and operational perspective and we can, unfortunately, expect more of the same when the 2019-2020 crime statistics are released. PETER BAGSHAWE holds a Bachelor of Law degree from the former University of Rhodesia and a Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of the Witwatersrand.

September 2019

ADVERTISER

PAGE

WEBSITE

Active Track

info@activetrack.co.za

www.activetrack.co.za

Dallmeier

info@dallmeier.com

www.dallmeier.com

IDEMIA

6, 7, OFC

micheala.williams@idemia.com

www.idemia.com

Leppard Underwriting

kerry@leppard.co.za

www.leppard.co.za

Plaslope

glenda.aereboe@plaslope.com

www.plaslope.com

RDC

OBC

sales@radiodata.co.za

www.radiodata.co.za

Security Association of South Africa

IBC

admin@sasecurity.co.za

www.sasecurity.co.za

Sentinel Guard Monitoring

sales@guardreports.co.za

www.guardreports.co.za

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

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CALENDAR

Conferences, events & exhibitions of interest to the security industry LOCAL EVENTS: 2019 SEPTEMBER 15-18: Camprosa conference 2019 Venue: Radisson Blu Hotel, Port Elizabeth Email: huebsch.derek@gmail.com www.camprosa.co.za

INTERNATIONAL EVENTS: 2019

SEPTEMBER 24-26: Securex East Africa Venue: Visa Oshwal Centre, Nairobi www.securexpoeastafrica.com OCTOBER 2-3: Finnsec Venue: Messukeskus Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Email: customer.service@messukeskus.com www.finnsec.messukeskus.com OCTOBER 17-20: Isaf Venue: Istanbul Expo Centre Hall, Turkey Email: marmara@marmarafuar.com.tr www.isaffuari.com/en OCTOBER 22-25: Interpolitex Venue: All-Russian Exhibition Centre VDNH, Moscow, Russia Email: eshatrova@mvkexpo.com www.interpolitex.ru/en OCTOBER 28-31: CPSE Venue: Shenzhenb Convention and Exhibition Centre, Shenzhen, China Email: overseas_market@cps.com.cn www.cpse.com.cn

OCTOBER 28-30: Bidec Venue: Bahrain International Exhibition and Convention Centre, United Arab Emirates Email: ahmed.jarakji@clarionevents.com www.bahraindefence.com NOVEMBER 13–15: Sicurezza Venue: Fieramilano – Rho, Milano, Italy Tel: +39 02 4997 6241 Email: fierasicurezza@fieramilano.it www.sicurezza.it/en NOVEMBER 18– 20: DSEI Japan Venue: Makuhari Messe, Tokyo, Japan Tel: +44 (0) 20 7384 8274 Email: alex.soar@clarionevents.com www.dsei-japan.com/welcome NOVEMBER 19–20: Sectech Sverige Venue: Stockholmsmässan, Stockholm, Sweden Tel: +46 8 556 306 80 Email: deniz.baykal@armedia.se www.sectech.nu NOVEMBER 20–22: All over IP Venue: Sokolniki Exhibition and Convention Centre, Moscow, Russia Email: skochko@groteck.ru www.all-over-ip.ru/en DECEMBER 3-4: International Security Expo Venue: Olympia , London, United Kingdom Tel: +44 20 8947 9177

Email: info@internationalsecurityexpo.com www.internationalsecurityexpo.com

INTERNATIONAL EVENTS: 2020 JANUARY 19–21 Intersec Venue: Exhibition Centre Arena, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Tel: +971 4389 4500 Email: intersec@uae.messefrankfurt.com www.intersecexpo.com MARCH 8-13 Intersec Building Venue: Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt, Germany Tel: +49 697575-0 Email: intersec-building@messefrankfurt.com www.intersec-building.com OCTOBER 14–16 Perimeter Protection Venue: Exhibition Centre, Nuremberg, Germany Tel: +49 911 8606 8499 Email: perimeter-protection@ nuernbergmesse.de www.nuernbergmesse.de/security OCTOBER 20-22 Skydd Venue: Stockholm Fair ground, Stockholmsmässan) Tel: +46 8 749 4100 Email: info@stockholmsmassan.se www.skydd.net

TEL: +27 11 452 1115 FAX: +27 11 452 3609 WEBSITE: www.plaslope.com EMAIL: glenda.aereboe@plaslope.com

TAMPER EVIDENT SECURITY BAGS • Debasafe® Tamper Evident Security Bags are used whenever tamper-evident movement is critical. • We manufacture to order and assist in tailor-made solutions to suit your security needs. • A comprehensive range of security features are standard on the bags and additional features can be added. • The sealing strip is used for exacting demands with a heat indicator displaying attempts to tamper. • Tampering by means of cold, heat, solvents, liquids & manipulation is clearly visible. • Bags can be customised according to customer’s requirements with exclusive numbering & bar-coding. • Bags are manufactured in either transparent or opaque LDPE film, in various grades to meet specific requirements.

The bags are used for the safe movement of: • Government Departments • Foreign Exchange • Confidential Documents (Examinations, Elections, Passports, Visas etc.) • High Value Items (Diamonds, Precious Metals, Forensic Evidence, Cellphones, Computer Equipment) • Cash (Banks & Cash-in-Transit companies)

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SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA SEPTEMBER 2019

Security Focus Africa September 2019

Articles inside

Editors comment: "Touch times never last, but tough people do."

CRIME STATISTICS 2018-2019

New Mimecast Report reveals analysis of 67 billion rejected emails

Nemtek new product feature 24 volt perimeter alarm light

HomeTronix is the master distributor of the FIBARO Smart Home

IDIS launches advanced Lightmaster PTZ Camera

New Panomera® W camera series from Dallmeier

Matrix biometric readers

SearchInform releases FileAuditor

Deepfakes: what they are and how to spot them

Virtually irreplaceable Cash is a public good

The latest #crimestatssa Retail businesses still operate in a danger zone

Protecting women needs to become a top priority

Invixium and Pyro-Tech announce distribution partnership

Hensoldt embarks on consolidation and expansion

New partnership for supply of CIT tamper evident solutions

In conversation with... Gareth Newham

South Africa’s mining sector and the cost of crime

SA’s crime nightmare

What’s happening with wage negotiations in the private security industry

Mining security