2º 2º ESO ESO
TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY IES IES Río Río Cabe Cabe
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Material Material properties properties
Light
Characteris Characteristics tics that that make make materials materials behave behave in in aa certain certain way way in in relation relation to to external external stimuli stimuli
Heat
Force
Each Each material material has has certain certain properties properties that that make make it it suited suited to to certain certain use use
Page 48 Determine Determine the the behavior behavior of of aa material material when when an an electric electric current current is is passed passed through through it it Insulating Insulating materials materials
Don't Don't allow allow electrical electrical current current to to flow. flow.
Conducting Conducting materials materials
Allow Allow electrical electrical current current to to flow. flow.
Thermal Thermal conductivity conductivity
the the ability ability to to let let heat heat flow flow through through aa material. material.
We We can can classified classified the the material material as: as: Thermal Thermal conductors conductors
conduct conduct heat heat
Thermal Thermal insulators insulators
don’t don’t conduct conduct heat heat
Experiment Experiment online online
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Depending Depending on on their their reaction reaction to to light light Opaque Opaque
Other Other objects objects can’t can’t be be seen seen through through them them don’t don’t allow allow light light to to pass pass through through them them
Transparent Transparent
Other Other Objects Objects can can be be seen seen clearly clearly through through them them allow allow light light to to pass pass through through them them
Translucent Translucent
Other Other Objects Objects can't can't be be seen seen clearly clearly through through them them allow allow light light to to pass pass through through them them
Define Define the the reaction reaction of of aa material material to to sound. sound. Acoustic Acoustic conductivity conductivity
Capacity Capacity of of materials materials to to transmit transmit sound sound
Air Air
Metals Metals Water Water
Acoustic Acoustic insulators insulators
don’t don’t conduct conduct sound sound well well Glass Glass
Plastic Plastic
Page 50 They They describe describe the the behavior behavior of of aa material material when when it it receives receives the the action action of of external external forces forces
DEFORMABILITY DEFORMABILITY
TOUGHNESS TOUGHNESS
De De deformaci贸n deformaci贸n
HARDNESS HARDNESS
Dureza Dureza
MALLEABILITY MALLEABILITY Maleabililidad Maleabililidad
Tenacidad Tenacidad
MECHANICAL MECHANICAL STRENGTH STRENGTH Resistencia Resistencia mec谩nica mec谩nica
DUCTILITY DUCTILITY
Ductilidad Ductilidad
This This is is the the ability ability of of aa material material to to be be deformed deformed The The opposite opposite of of deformability deformability is is rigidity rigidity DEFORMABILITY DEFORMABILITY ELASTICITY ELASTICITY
Elasticidad Elasticidad PLASTICITY PLASTICITY
Plasticidad Plasticidad
aa material material changes changes its its shape shape when when we we apply apply forces forces and and recovers recovers its its original original shape shape when when the the force force stops stops
the the material material doesn't doesn't recover recover its its original original shape shape when when the the force force stops stops
We We can can classify classify the the materials materials into into
RIGID RIGID
ELASTIC ELASTIC Rígido Rígido
PLASTIC PLASTIC Elástico Elástico
Plástico Plástico
Hardness Hardness is is the the capacity capacity to to scratch scratch other other materials. materials. rayar
A A hard hard material material is is not not easily easily scratched scratched by by another another material. material. The The opposite opposite of of aa hard hard material material is is aa soft soft material material
Hard Hard materials materials
scratch scratch
softer softer materials materials
MALLEABILITY MALLEABILITY allows allows aa material material to to be be spread spread into into sheets sheets or or films films Malleable Malleable material material
DUCTILITY DUCTILITY Ductile Ductile material material
allows allows aa material material to to be be formed formed into into filaments filaments or or wires wires
TOUGHNESS TOUGHNESS the the resistance resistance of of aa material material to to be be broken broken when when we we strike strike it it
Tough Tough
tenaz tenaz
BRITTLENESS BRITTLENESS
Is Is the the opposite opposite of of
material material breaks breaks easily easily
Brittle frรกgil frรกgil
The The property property of of materials materials to to withstand withstand forces forces without without breaking. breaking. The The forces forces can can be be from from tension, tension, bending, bending, compression, compression, torsion torsion or or severing severing
Oxidation Oxidation and and corrosion corrosion This This happens happens when when aa material material reacts reacts with with oxygen oxygen in in the the air air or or water water most most sensitive sensitive materials materials to to oxidation oxidation
Pe rm
ea bi l it y
Metals Metals
Permeable Permeable materials materials
Impermeable Impermeable or or waterproof waterproof materials materials
Allow Allow oow w l l l a l a t ' t n ' D Doon
Rust Rust
贸xido 贸xido
water water or or other other liquids liquids to to filter filter through through them. them.
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Problems Problems derived derived from from the the use use of of materials materials
Resources Resources exhaustion exhaustion Agotamiento de los recursos
Waste Waste generation generation Generaci贸n de residuos
Some raw material not renewable
The The material material savings savings can can be be achieved achieved if if we we follow follow some some tips tips
REDUCE EDUCE
Reducir
REUSE EUSE
Reutilizar
RECYCLE ECYCLE Reciclar
La cantidad de residuos generados en casa, en el instituto, etc. Aprovechar los residuos para fabricar otras cosas Obtener nuevos productos a partir de materiales de desecho
Important Important concepts: concepts: Recycable
Material que, tras utilizarlo, sigue teniendo propiedades que permiten elaborar nuevos productos.
Renewable
Material de origen natural que tiene una capacidad de renovación cíclica corta
Reciclable
Renovable
Biodegradable Biodegradable
Toxic Tóxico
Sustancia asimilable por el medio a través de procesos bioquímicos
Sustancia que puede ser dañina o mortal para los seres vivos