Urban design europe

Page 1

The
city
is
like
a
great
house:
urban
design
in
Europe

Pierre‐Alain
Croset,
Politecnico
Torino,
April
1,
2014

Leon
Ba9sta
Alber;,
1404‐1472

De
Re
Aedificatoria,
On
the
Art
of
Building,
1452

“In
 fact,
 if
 the
 City,
 according
 to
 the
 judgment
 of
 the
 philosophers,
 is
 like
 a
 great
 House,
 and
 the
 opposite
 the
 House
 is
 a
 small
 City,
 why
 don't
 we
 say
 that
 members
 of
 it
 as
 the
 courtyard,
 the
 loggias,
 the
 Hall,
 the
 porch,
 and
 all
 these
 are
 sDll
 the
 same
 like
 small
 houses?
“
 Leon
Ba;sta
Alber=

 Liber
I
(Book
1),
De
Disegni
(On
Design)

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Monastry
of
Ema,
Florence

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Monastry
of
Ema,
Florence

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Monastry
of
Ema,
Florence

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Le
Corbusier,
Unité
d’Habita=on,
Marseille,
1945‐52

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Le
Corbusier,
Venice
Hospital,
1961‐65

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Le
Corbusier,
Venice
Hospital,
1961‐65,
ground
floor

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Le
Corbusier,
Venice
Hospital,
1961‐65,
first
floor

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Shinonome
Canal
Court,
Tokyo,
(Riken
Yamamomoto,Toyo
Ito,
Kengo
Kuma
 and
al.),
2008‐2010.
Housing
+
SOHOs
(Small
offices
and
home
offices)

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Shinonome
Canal
Court,
Tokyo

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Shinonome
Canal
Court,
Tokyo

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Riken
Yamamoto,
Local
Community
(theore=cal
project),
2012

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Riken
Yamamoto,
Local
Community
(theore=cal
project),
2012

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Riken
Yamamoto,
Local
Community
(theore=cal
project),
2012

“The
house
is
a
small
city”

Riken
Yamamoto,
Local
Community
(theore=cal
project),
2012

“The
city
is
a
great
house”

“
I
said
you
elsewhere
that
the
House
was
a
small
City.
We
must
therefore
consider
almost
 all
those
things
that
are
enDtled
to
make
a
City,
i.e.
that
it
is
extremely
fine,
has
all
the
 things
you
need,
and
finally
all
the
comforts
who
benefit
to
live
with
quiet,
peace
and
 gently.
“
 Leon
Ba;sta
Alber=,
Liber
V
(Book
5),
Degli
edifici
parDcolari
(On
Private
Buildings)

The
Piazza
as
a
Room

Piazza
dell’Anfiteatro,
Lucca

The
Piazza
as
a
Room

Piazza
Ducale,
Vigevano

The
Piazza
as
a
Room

Piazza
Ducale,
Vigevano

The
Piazza
as
a
Room

Piazza
Ducale,
Vigevano

The
Piazza
as
a
Room

Place
des
Vosges,
Paris

The
Piazza
as
a
Room

Photo
Piazza
San
Carlo,
Torino
 MB

Piazza
San
Carlo,
Torino

The
Piazza
as
a
Room

Piazza
San
Marco,
Venice

Venice
in
the
words
of
Henry
James

“
 I
 was
 more
 than
 ever
 struck
 with
 that
 queer
 air
 of
 sociability,
 of
 cousinship
 and
 family
life,
which
makes
up
half
the
expression
of
Venice.
Without
streets
and
vehicles,
 and
with
its
liMle
winding
ways
where
people
crowd
together,
where
voices
sound
as
in
 the
corridors
of
a
house,
where
the
human
step
circulates
as
if
it
skirted
the
angles
of
 furniture
 and
 shoes
 never
 wear
 out,
 the
 place
 has
 the
 character
 of
 an
 immense
 collec5ve
apartment,
in
which
Piazza
San
Marco
is
the
most
ornamented
corner
and
 palaces
 and
 churches,
 for
 the
 rest,
 play
 the
 part
 of
 great
 divans
 of
 repose,
 tables
 of
 entertainment,
expanses
of
decoraDon.
 And
somehow
the
splendid
common
domicile,
familiar,
domes;c,
and
resonant,
also
 resembles
 a
 theater,
 with
 actors
 clicking
 over
 bridges
 and,
 in
 straggling
 processions,
 tripping
along
fondamentas.
“

 Henry
James,
Aspern
Papers,
1888

The
Street
as
a
Corridor

A
Street
café
in
Rome

The
Street
as
a
Corridor

The
Street
as
a
Corridor

Soria
y
Mata,
ciudad
lineal,
Madrid

An
Alber;an
tradi;on:
Ci;es
with
a
formal
order

The
Ideal
City,
Pain=ng
of
an
anonyme
Floren=ne
Ar=st,
end
of
15th
century

An
Alber;an
tradi;on:
Ci;es
with
a
formal
order

Plans
of
“ideal”
ci=es:
Filarete,
Sforzinda
Project,
15°
century

An
Alber;an
tradi;on:
Ci;es
with
a
formal
order

The
city
of
Pienza,
15°
century

An
Alber;an
tradi;on:
Ci;es
with
a
formal
order

Plans
of
“ideal”
ci=es:
Palmanova,
16°
century

An
Alber;an
tradi;on:
Ci;es
with
a
formal
order

Plans
of
“ideal”
ci=es:
Lisbonne
Pombal
 MB

Lisbon,
Reconstruc=on
aher
the
earthquake,
18°
century

The
break
of
Modernism:
the
architecture
beyond
the
city

Le
Corbusier,
A
contemporary
City,
1922

The
break
of
Modernism:
the
architecture
beyond
the
city

Le
Corbusier:
A
contemporary
City,
1922,
perspec=ve:
dilata=on
of
the
urban
space

The
break
of
Modernism:
the
architecture
beyond
the
city

Le
Corbusier:
Plan
Voisin
for
Paris,
1925

The
break
of
Modernism:
the
architecture
beyond
the
city

Ludwig
Hilberseimer,
Skyscrapers’s
City,
1924

The
break
of
Modernism:
the
architecture
beyond
the
city

F.L.
Wright
and
Broadacre
City
=
the
city
of
the
dispersion

“Autopia”
:
the
cars
beyond
the
City

View
of
highways
in
Los
Angeles
in
the
post‐war
period

“Autopia”
:
the
cars
beyond
the
City

“Autopia”
:
the
cars
beyond
the
City

Hans
Scharoun,
Plan
for
the
reconstruc=on
of
Berlin,
1958

The
“culturalist”
reac;on
against
Modernism:
the
‘50s
and
‘60s

Team
X:
Van
Eyck,
De
Carlo,
S=rling,
Smithson,
Ungers

A
protagonist
of
the
‘70s:
Oswald
Mathias
Ungers
(OMU)

Oswald
Mathias
Ungers,
1926‐2007

OMU
Dean
at
the
Cornell
University,
1969‐75

Oswald
Mathias
Ungers
with
the
students
at
the
Cornell
University,
1972

OMU
and
Team
Ten
at
the
Cornell
University,
1971‐72

Colin
Rowe
and
“Collage
City”,
1978

Colin
Rowe,
1920‐1999

Colin
Rowe
and
“Collage
City”,
1978

Nolli
Plan
of
Rome,
1748

Colin
Rowe
and
“Collage
City”,
1978

Figure/ground
representa=on
of
urban
structure

OMU
and
“The
green
archipelago”:
Berlin
as
a
case‐study

Cornell
University’s
Summer
Academy,

 Berlin,
1977

OMU
and
OMA
(Rem
Koolhaas)

Rem
Koolhaas
as
a
teaching
assistant
of
 OMU
at
Cornell
University,
1977

Rem
Koolhaas,
Delirious
New
York,
 1978

BERLIN AS A GREEN ARCHIPELAGO

A
polycentric
model
for
Berlin:
The
city
within
the
city

The
green
archipelago:
Berlin,
1978.
The
wall,
the
grid,
the
islands

The
wall.
Berlin
as
a
divided
city

The
grid.
A
neutral
structure.
No
hierarchy

The
Islands.
The
city
within
the
city

Südliche
Friedrichstadt
as
an
Island

1938

1945

1977

OMU’s
proposal,
1978

IBA
Berlin,
1979‐1987

Josef‐Paul
Kleihues,
 1933‐2004

IBA
Berlin,
1979‐1987

Ungers’ and his students’ plan for Südliche Friedrichstadt (1978)

Kleyhues’ Masterplan for the IBA (1981)

Südliche Frie ones

IBA
Berlin,
1979‐1987:
Architects’
 houses
for
the
City

Aldo
Rossi

John
Hejduk

Peter
Eisenman

Alvaro
Siza

The
fall
of
the
Wall
in
Berlin,
1989

Josef‐Paul
Kleihues,
 1933‐2004

Acer
the
reunifica;on:
the
future
of
the
Green
Archipelago

Alberto
Geuna,
Diplom
Thesis,
Politecnico
Torino,
2014

Barcelona
as
a
case‐study

The
plan
Cerda

Barcelona
as
a
case‐study

The
Olympic
Plan

Barcelona
as
a
case‐study

Oriol
Bohigas

Barcelona
as
a
case‐study

The
renewal
of
the
Waterfront

Barcelona
as
a
case‐study

The
Olympic
Village

Barcelona
as
a
case‐study

The
Olimpic
Village

Barcelona
as
a
case‐study

Montjuic,
anillo
olimpico

Barcelona
as
a
case‐study

Rambla
Raval

Barcelona
as
a
case‐study

Rambla
Raval

Barcelona
as
a
case‐study

Renova=on
on
Plaza
Reyal

Barcelona
as
a
case‐study

Plaça
del
Sol.
Gracia

An
Alber;an
hero:
Luigi
Snozzi

Biennale
di
Venezia,
Interna=onal
Architecture
Exhibi=on,
2012

Luigi
Snozzi’s
Aphorisms

Architecture
is
the
void:
you
must
define
it
!

Monte
Carasso:
the
exemplarity
of
a
small
city

Monte
Carasso:
the
exemplarity
of
a

Monte
Carasso:
the
exemplarity
of
a
small
city

Monte
Carasso:
the
exemplarity
of
a

Monte
Carasso:
the
exemplarity
of
a
small
city

Monte
Carasso:
the
exemplarity
of
a

Monte
Carasso:
the
exemplarity
of
a
small
city

Luigi
Snozzi’s
first
sketch,
1979

Monte
Carasso:
the
exemplarity
of
a
small
city

Luigi
Snozzi’s
first
sketch,
1979

Monte
Carasso:
the
search
of
a
center

Luigi
Snozzi’s
first
sketch,
1979

Monte
Carasso:
the
search
of
a
center

Luigi
Snozzi’s
first
sketch,
1979

Monte
Carasso:
the
search
of
a
center

The
Monastery
as
a
Piazza,
2010

Monte
Carasso:
the
search
of
a
center

The
Monastery
as
a
Piazza,
2010

Monte
Carasso:
rules
for
the
densifica;on

The
Monastery
as
a
Piazza,
2010

Deltametropolis
olandese,
2001

Delta
Metropolis:
a
formal
order
for
a
large
territory

A
City
is
never
too
small,
and
never
too
 big:
firstly
you
need
to
design
the

space
of
the
City

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