Btech1 Project 2

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS) IN ARCHITECTURE BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 (BLD61403) ASSIGNMENT 2 : CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS KAJANG LEARNING CENTRE

NAME: CHEONG YEN SIN STUDENT ID: 0328050 TUTOR: MR KHAIROOL

TABLE OF CONTENT 1.0 INTRODUCTION 2.0 PRECEDENT STUDY 2.1 Roof System - Metal Cladding and Steel Frame Roof 2.2 Facade System - Perforated Brick Wall 2.3 Facade System - Fiber Cement Panel 2.4 Structural System - Structural System Framing 3.0 FACADE DESIGN SCHEME 3.1 Perforated Brick Facade 3.2 Fiber Cement Cladding Facade 4.0 SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVES 4.1 Sectional Perspective Top Floor 4.2 Sectional Perspective Ground Floor 5.0 REFERENCES

1.0 INTRODUCTION

With the integration of Studio V final project, Learning Art Centre that located at a corner lot that comes with public spaces in urban site. The urban site that given is located at Jalan Tukang, Kajang. Student should design a learning centre with relevant context and come with a series of programmes that will create interactions and connections for the local community.

Kajang was known with their famous food, satay, but there is actually a timeline of interesting story that happened in Kajang and make it unique. Kajang was started as a tin mining town, and become a developed town now, even the town still remained the old pattern shophouses, but most of it were neglected. But there are also a lot of modern buildings started to fill in Kajang, anf form a mixture of new and old buildings along their streets. This learning art centre is design to revive the Kajang and connect the community together again.

2.1 ROOF SYSTEM : METAL CLADDING WITH STEEL FRAME Isometric View of Roof

Section of 38Mews

Connection of steel framing Name : 38Mews House Architect: Munlnn Chan Area: 300.0 sqm Location: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Project Year: 2014 38Mews is located in a quiet suburb of Kuala Lumpur adjacent to a forest reserve. It is built for a young couple and their cats. The sloping roof provides for a double volume space that flows vertically into 2nd floor and master room and study. The roof continues to slope into the bedroom itself and terminates at the large picture window that overlooks and frames the views of adjacent forest and hills.

The sloping roof is made with metal cladding sheet that is used to provide shade to the house and also the front garden to make it as an functional outdoor space, the oblique roofline is added to create varying volumes and spaces to the house.

Advantages Extremely light in weight Extreme weather resistance Several protective and aesthetic coatings Wide range of shapes and finishes Long life and environmentally friendly Low maintenance Disadvantages Required professional to install Higher cost Noisy without soundproofing insulation that can add to the cost Longer time for installation Difficult to repair damaged part

Metal Decking Roof to Roof Framing Connection

Section of Roof

Metal Cladding Sheet Connection

Eaves connection

Ridge connection

Construction Process 1.

Roof frames or trusses of steel are fabricated and secured onto the beam at specific angle to create sloping roof profile.

2.

Purlins are installed perpendicular to steel rafters with spacing of metal sheet length.

3.

Insulation layer is installed, metal sheet is then screwed on top of the purlins.

4.

Gutter is installed along the roof edges and concealed to remain aesthetic of metal decks.

5.

Flashing then is applied at the edges to prevent leakage.

Reason of Choosing Metal Cladding Roof Lightweight construction material, can be fabricated off site. Is a common material that can easily to find in Malaysia. Using steel connection with tensile quality for long span that can allow bigger overhang.

Concealed Gutter Detail

2.2 FACADE SYSTEM : PERFORATED BRICK WALL Axonometric view of the building

Different pattern of brick wall used

Showing the facade of brick wall Name: Juana Azurduy 1635 Architect : BAAG Area: 910 sqm Location: CABA Argentina Project Year: 2014-2016 Juana Azurduy is a residential building that consists of two four-storey wings separated by an inner courtyard. It is located on a low rise and residential neighbourhood block, which stand out due to the fact that a public school, full of mature plantains and ash trees, takes up half of its surface. A series of 90-cm-high horizontal strips were carved out of the brick walls on all four sides of both wings. These strips serve as a brise-soleil, as well as window sills and screens for the openings to ensure privacy and directed view.

Advantages Economical Low maintenance Weatherproof and fire resistance Aesthetic Sustainable Reusable and recycle Disadvantages Time consuming construction Cannot be used in high seismic zones Less tensile strength Hard for cleaning brick surface Faded colour of low quality brick when exposed to sun for long time

Name and pattern of brick wall Construction process 1.

Measure the height of the wall and setting up a level line.

2.

Lay a bed of mortar and place the first course of bricks, then lay another layer of mortar on it and continue the second course of bricks.

3.

First brick of second course should be staggered and have one brick sitting on top of two bricks.

4.

Then place mortar on the side of the bricks and lay them next to each other.

5.

Repeat this until the wall has reached the height.

Reason of choosing brick wall Common and easily found material used in Malaysia. Cheap and sustainable. Brick wall with gap can provide ventilation and also visual connection between in and out while ensure privacy. Multi colour to choose and different pattern to use to design the building facade.

Structural system of brick wall

Metal Structure

Sun Shading Device

Connection of brick wall

2.3 FACADE DESIGN : FIBER CEMENT PANEL WALL

Axonometric view of Wall

Section of 24 unit housing units Name: 24 Housing Units Architects: Bourbon Architects, Zanon Area: 980sqm Location: 8 Rue General Chevert, 54000 Nancy, France Project Year: 2013 This building is a residential apartment for mental disable people includes a series of common premises as well as 24 studio flats. This construction consists of two compact main buildings, carved on their five faces. First building that includes common areas and part of the flats. Second block have only flats while between both there is central glazed volume offering two living room floors allowing residents to welcome their family. Facade material used for housing are ETERNIT panels on outside insulation, drilled by metal frames including lacquered wood windows. The random pattern layout of fiber cements gives a certain flow on the facades, reflecting the movement of the street. The architectural writing of this project is simple and effective, thus enhancing the volumes of the project and the noble quality of the materials.

Advantages Durable even under sea salt air Weatherproof and weather resistance Can resemble wood texture Variety of colours and can be painted Protection from insects and rotting Aesthetic No overlapping seams, mold and mildew cannot grow Disadvantages Costly for installation Lower insulation value Required professional for installation Reason of Choosing Fiber Cement Cladding Wall This material have long life span and low maintenance. It is the best material to replace timber and still have the aesthetic and texture of timber. Besides it is also made from sustainable material.

Connection Detail

Construction Detail of Typical Fibre Cement Wall

Construction Process 1.

Fasten a piece of outside corner track vertically to the wall sheathing.

2.

Slid the long edge of the first panel into the track, and properly positioned up off the roof, and screwed it in place through pre-drilled holes.

3.

Before sliding in the next panel, track should be fastened to the vertical edge of the sheathing. Then measure the in-place panel.

4.

Cut the panel to size and pre-drilled for fasteners.

5.

Then slide the long edge of panels into the track against the in-place panel.

6.

Before fastening, lift the panel until the bottom edge was flush with the in-place panel.

7.

Repeat the same process to install all the fiber cement panels.

Section

Plan

2.4 STRUCTURAL SYSTEM : STRUCTURAL STEEL FRAMING

Connection of beam to floor Name: Cement Curtain Architect: Ruptura Morlaca Arquitectura Area: 430.5 sqft Location: Cuenca, Ecuador Project Year: 2018 This building is designed with a position of respect towards the nature of the site and with the aim of integrating the new use of study house, it is resolved to preserve the pre-existing one. From the constant review of the informal that takes advantages of the limits, a light structure (steel structure) is used to allow to dodge and occupy the place around the tree that acts as a force of expansion, freeing a vacuum that traps everything that binds us to the earth and closing on the facade, disconnects the person from the immediate context.

The project also used recycled material like, iron for the whole structure, glass and fiber cement plates on the roof and facade. The main beams of the workshop float on the green area avoiding humidity and allowing the flow of air, sustained in 6 points on a concrete foundation isolated. The structure of the facade that supports the fiber cement panels on the outside and the shelves inside, creating a “furniture wall� that floats like a concrete curtain crossing diffuse images with the exterior.

Advantages High strength to weight ratio Small and lightweight Easily fabricated and produced massively Time saving and efficient for construction process Flexible to mold into any shape Cost saving Durable, can withstand external pressure Disadvantages Susceptible to corrosion High maintenance to make it corrosion-resistant Not fireproof Chance of buckling might increase if length increase High expansion rate with changing temperature.

Section of

Size of Beam Construction Process 1.

Start with soil investigation to decide the type of foundation.

2.

Next is placement of steel columns, to connect the foundation and column, the base plates are welded to the end of the column and bolts in to the foundation.

3.

Then erected steel beam to connect with columns by bolting or welding.

4.

End plate beam to beam connection is used to join secondary steel beams to primary steel beams.

5.

Floors are then installed after the beam is erected.

Reason of choosing steel structure This type of structure have high flexibility to fit in to different design of building. It is easy to assemble and produced, so it can be installed quickly. Besides, it have longer span than other framing system that required lesser quantity of columns needed. It can fit in precast or even cast in-situ floor slabs.

Connection detail of beam to floor

Beam to beam connection

Beam to foundation connection

Beam to column connection

3.0 Facade Design Scheme 3.1 Perforated Brick Facade

Wood Frame Window

Curtain Wall

Metal Cladding Roof

Steel Column Perforated Brick Wall

Front Elevation of Perforated Brick Facade Scale 1:100

3.1 Perforated Brick Facade

Metal Cladding Roof

Steel Column

Wood Frame Window

Perforated Brick Wall

Rear Elevation of Perforated Brick Facade Scale 1:100

3.2 Fiber Cement Panel Facade

Wood Frame Window

Curtain Wall

Metal Cladding Roof

Steel Column Fiber Cement Panel

Front Elevation of Fiber Cement Cladding Facade Scale 1:100

3.2 Fiber Cement Panel Facade

Metal Cladding Roof

Steel Column

Wood Frame Window

Fiber Cement Panel

Rear Elevation of Fiber Cement Cladding Facade Scale 1:100

4.0 Sectional Perspectives 4.1 Sectional Perspective Top Floor

Steel beam roof structure

Glass Window

Metal Cladding Roof

Wooden louver window

200mm concrete wall

Fiber cement panel

Concrete steel decking

Concrete slab mesh reinforcement

4.2 Sectional Perspective Ground Floor

Concrete slab mesh reinforcement Concrete slab steel decking

300mm brick wall with gaps

200mm concrete wall

200mm x 200mm I shape steel column

150mm Concrete reinforcement floor slab Reinforce concrete stump 400mm x 400mm

Reinforce concrete pad footing 1200mm below ground 900mm x 900mm

5.0 Reference ●

https://unitedhomeexperts.com/the-pros-and-cons-of-fiber-cement-board-siding/

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http://northern-weldarc.com/advantages-disadvantages-structural-steel-structures/

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https://australbricks.com.au/benefits-of-bricks/

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https://theconstructor.org/structures/construction-steel-structure-foundations-columns-beams-floors/18648/

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https://www.bunnings.com.au/diy-advice/home-improvement/walls/how-to-build-a-brick-wall

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https://www.proremodeler.com/how-install-fiber-cement-panels

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https://www.archdaily.com/890447/38mews-house-design-collective-architects

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http://baag.com.ar/producciones/en/2/juana-azurduy

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https://www.archdaily.com/450529/24-housing-units-zanon-bourbon-architects/528d4f53e8e44efc1f000110-24-housing-units-zanon-bourbon-architects-north-elevation