Petroleum and natural gas
Cinta Escoda, NĂşria Farreny, Omar i Pavel
2n d’eso
Tecnologia
INDEX:
1. Petroleum 1.2 Extraction 1.3 Storage and transport 2. Natural gas 2.2 Extraction, storage and transport 2.3 Uses
Petroleum Petroleum
is formed from the buried remains of plants and animals that have descomposed because of bacterial action.
It’s
a líquid substance, with a lower density than water.
Extraction 1.
A well is drilled on land or under the sea. The platform built in the sea is called an oil rig.
2.
The petroleum is extracted using pumps, or natural pressure in the well causes the oil to rise to the surface.
3.
The extracted petroleum contains salt water, rock, mud and gas, so it’s them purifed.
Storage and transport ď‚„ Oil
tankers: are specialised ships designed for intercontinental transport. The oil is divided into separate tanks in the ship for safety reasons. Oil tankers dock at special ports designed for very large ships.
ď‚„ Oil
pipelines: are enormous steel pipes. They lie above ground on the surface or are buried in protected trenches.
Natural gas Natural It’s
gas is found in underground gas fields and in porous rocks.
often along with petroleum deposits.
Extraction, storage and transport
Natural gas is expensive to extract. It’s extracted by drilling.
Is transported from gas fields by gas pipelines to a liquefaction plant.
The gas is converted into líquid from (liquiefed natural gas- LNG). This process reduces the volume of the gas.
It’s transported in specially designed ships called LNG carrieres.
When the LNG carrier reches its destination, the LNG is returned to a gaseous state, and is transported once again through gas pipelines.
Uses ď‚„ Gas
for fuel is used in idustry and in homes to produce thermal energy, and in thermal power stations to obtain electrical energy