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EDITORIAL Volume 2 Issue 12 | December 2013 Founder & editor Ravi Deecee Executive Editor Ratheema Ravi DC MEDIA - OPERATIONS

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General Manager M Kumar EK - EDITORIAL Associate Editor Dipin Damodharan SR sub Editor Sandeep P S OVERSEAS CORRESPONDENT Prashob K P Senior Reporters Lakshmi Narayanan O P Vinodkumar Sujeesh K S Reporters Renku K Haridas DC MEDIA - EDITORIAL Sr editorial team Vishnu Rageev R Savithri S Iyer Sumithra Sathyan editorial team Neethu Mohan Tony William Shalet James Photographer Jose Jacob Design & Layout Anil P John Kailasnath Vipinesh Arathi R Nair Web Manager S Sreenath

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Contact Info DC MEDIA , DC Books, 234/C, Adjacent to YMCA, Chittoor Road, Cochin – 35, Kerala, India, Contact, Ph: +91 484 3047 405, Fax: +91 484 4021 145 Business Office - International, DC Books Pvt Ltd, # 1, 601, DSC Tower, Studio City, Dubai, UAE Mail: editorial@dcmediacorp.com, info@dcmediacorp.com Published from DC Books, D C Kizhakemuri Edam, Good Shepherd Street, Kottayam – 686001, Kerala, India and printed at S.T.Reddiar & Sons (EKM) for DC Press Pvt. Ltd., Industrial Development Area, Poovanthuruth, Kottayam – 686012, Kerala, India. Printed, published & owned by Ravi Deecee

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4

CS-Xp-]-£-¯nsâ hnI-k-\- Im-gv¨-¸mSv F´v?

I

½yq-Wn-kw hn-I-k-\-¯n-\v X-S-kam-tWm? hn-¹-h-¯n-sâ {]-Xy-b-im-kv{Xw th-tcmSn-b km-aq-ly, km-¼¯n-I hyhØI-fn-seÃmw Im-e-§-tf-sd-bmbn NÀ-¨ sN-¿-s¸-Sp-¶ hn-j-b-am-Wn-Xv. hÀK§Ät¡m cm-{㧧Ät¡m {]m[m \yanÃm-¯ Hcp kmaqlyhyhØbpsS kr-ãn-sb-s¶m-s¡ I½yq-Wnk-s¯ \-ap-¡v ssk-²m-´n-I-am-bn hym-Jym-\n-¡mw. A-Sn-¨-aÀ-¯-s¸-«-hÀ-¡v th-≠n-bpf-f X-Xz-im-kv-{X-sa-¶ \n-e-bv-¡v I-½yq-Wn-k-¯n-\v ]-e cm-Py-§-fnepw {]-k-ànbp-s≠¶-Xv bm-Ym-À-°y-am-Wv. tem-I-¯n-em-Zy-am-bn P-\m-[n-]-Xy-co-Xn-bn H-cp I½yq-Wn-Ìv `-c-W-Iq-Sw A-[n-Im-c-¯n-te-dnb-Xv tI-c-f-¯n-em-sW-¦nepw hn-Ik-\hn-cp-²À F-¶ ]Ã-hn-bm-Wv tI-c-f-¯n-se I-½yq-Wn-Ìv t\-Xm-¡Ä-¡v Ime-§-fm-bn tIÄ-t¡-≠n-h-cp¶Xv. ssN\ t]m-ep-f-f cm-{ã-§-fn I-½yq-Wn-kw Im-e-t¯m-Sv k-a-c-k-s¸-«v hn-I-k-\-¯n-sâ ]pXn-b am-Xr-I-IÄ XoÀ-¯-t¸mgpw C-S-Xn-sâ hn-I-k-\-k-¦Â-¸-§Ä-¡v C´y-bn A-{X th-tcm-«-ap-≠m-bn-Ã. G-Xv hn-I-k-\-]-²-Xn-IÄ h-cp-t¼m-gpw apS-¡v ]-d-bp-¶-h-sc-¶ B-t£-]hpw t\-cn-tS≠n h-¶p k-Jm-¡Ä¡v. F-¶m C-´y-bn B-Zy-am-bn H-cp sSIv-t\m-]mÀ-¡v Xn-cp-h-\-´-]pc-¯v ]n-d-hn-sb-Sp¯-Xv C-S-Xp-kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ t\-Xr-Xz-¯n-em-bn-cp¶p-sh-¶Xpw a-d-¶p-Iq-Sm. C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n-sâbpw h-e-Xp-]-£-¯n-sâbpw \-b-§fn-se s]m-cp-¯-t¡-Sp-IÄ tI-c-f-¯n-sâ hn-I-k\-s¯ ]p-d-tIm-«-Sn-¨n-«p-s≠¶Xv a-säm-cp bm-YmÀ-°yw. B-tKm-f-hÂ-¡-c-W-¯n-sâ Im-e-L-«-¯n X\-Xv I-ayq-Wn-kv-äv \-b-§Ä F-{X-am{Xw \-S-¸m-¡m³ km-[n-¡p-sa¶-Xv CS-Xp-I-£nIÄ¡v ap¶n-ep-ff I-Sp-¯ shÃp-hn-fn-bmWv. hn-I-k-\-¯n-sâ Xp-SÀ-¨-bnÃm-bv-a-bv-¡v tIc-fw ]-e-t¸mgpw C-c-bm-¡-s¸-«Xn-\v {][m-\ Im-c-Ww, kn-]n-Fw \-bn-¡p-¶ C-S-Xp-ap-¶-Wnbpw tIm¬-{K-kv \bn¡p-¶ h-e-Xp-ap-¶-Wnbpw X-½n s]mXphn-j-b-§-fn [m-c-W-bnÃm¯-XmWv. {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X-§-fp-sS a-XnÂ-sI-«p-IÄ-¡-¸p-dw \m-Sn-sâ hn-Ik\w kw-_-Ôn-¨ hn-j-b-§-fn sFIyw th-W-sa-¶ NÀ-¨-IÄ-¡m-Wv C-¶v {]-k-àn-tb-dp-¶Xv. {]-tXy-In¨pw tI-c-f-¯n Ccpap-¶-Wn-IÄ am-dn am-dn A-[n-Im-c-¯n-se-¯p-¶ ]-Xn-hv Xp-S-cp-¶ km-l-N-cy-¯nÂ. cm{ãw s]m-Xp-sX-csª-Sp-¸n-te-¡v \o-§p-t¼mÄ C¯-cw NÀ-¨-IÄ-¡v G-sd {]m-[m\yw IÂ-¸n-¡s¸-Sp¶p. Cu ]-Ým-¯-e-¯n-em-Wv "C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n-sâ hn-I-k-\ \-bw F´v?'

F-¶ hnj-bw F-aÀ-Pn-Mv tI-c-f NÀ-¨-bv-s¡-Sp-¡p-¶Xv. ap³-ap-Jy-a-{´nbpw {]-Xn]-£ t\-Xm-hp-am-b hn F-kv ANypXm-\µ³, hy-h-km-b-kulr-Z \-b-§-fp-sSt]-cn I-tÃdpw ]q-s¨-≠p-Ifpw G-äp-hm-t§-≠n-h-¶ ap³-a{´n F-fa-cw I-cow, ]-cn-Øn-Xn ku-lr-Z-\-b-§-fn Ir-Xy-am-b \n-e-]m-Sp-IÄ ssI-s¡m-≠n-«pf-f kn-]n-sF t\-Xm-hv _n-t\m-bv hn-izw, kn]nsF tIcf LSIw sk{I«dn ]-¶y³ c-ho-{µ³, BÀ-F-kv-]n t\-Xm-hv F³ sI t{]-a-N-{µ³ Xp-S§n-b t\-Xm¡Ä C-S-Xn-sâ hn-I-k-\-Im-gv-¨-¸m-Sv hn-i-ZoIcn¡p¶p. hn-Ik-\w F¶-Xv FÃmh-scbpw k-l-I-cn-¸n-¨v \-S-¸m-en-t¡-≠-Xm-sW-¶v hn F-kv A-NypXm-\-µ³ ]-d-bp-¶p. A-gn-a-Xnbpw kz-P-\]-£-]m-X-hp-amWv hn-I-k-\-¯n-sâ t]-cn tI-cf-¯n C¶v \-S-¸n-em-¡p-sX-¶v A-t±lw hn-aÀ-in-¡p-¶p. A-tX-kabw {]-Xn-]£-hpw `-c-W-]-£hpw B-i-b k-a-\z-b-¯n-eq-sS \-S-¸n-e-m-t¡-≠-Xm-Wv hn-I-k\-]-²-Xn-IÄ F-¶ A-`n-{]m-bhpw hnFkv hy-à-am-¡p-¶p. C-S-Xp-]mÀ-«n-I-fp-sS hnI-k-\-\-b-§-fp-sS N-cn-{X-hpw I-hÀ-tÌm-dn hn-i-Ie-\w sN-¿p¶p.

F-aÀ-Pn-Mv tI-cf sse^v-ssSw A-¨o-hv-saâ v A-hmÀ-Uv t\Sn-b Iym-]v-ä³ Irjv-W³- \m-b-cp-sS Po-hnX-I-Y ]-d-bp-¶ {]-tXy-I dn-t¸mÀ-«mWv Cu e-¡-¯n-se a-säm-cp k-hn-tij-X. H-¸w F-aÀ-Pn-Mv tI-c-f Fw-F-kvFw-C _n-kn\-kv tIm¬t¢-hv Bâ v A-hmÀ-Uv ss\-än-sâ hn-ti-j-§fpw hm-bn-¡mw. "PnÃ-I-fn-eq-sS' ]w-àn NÀ-¨-sN-¿p¶-Xv X-e-Øm-\-\-K-cnbm-b Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-c-¯n-sâ hn-I-k-\km-[y-X-I-fmWv. "F-sâ tI-c-f-'¯n N-e-¨n-{X- kw-hn-[m-b-I³ s»kn-sb-¯pt¼mÄ kzm-{i-b- F³-Pn-\o-b-dnw-Kv tIm-sf-PpI-sf F-Xn-À-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡v i-àam-b a-dp-]-Sn-bp-am-bn F-kvkn-FwF-kv Øm-]-I³ Pn- ]n- kn \m-bÀ A-Xn-Yn-bm-sb¯p¶p.

C 52 07 09 14 28

NTENTS

COVER STORY

cmjv{So-b-¡mÀ hnizm-kyX Xncn-¨p-]n-Sn-¡Ww sXm-½³ ap-dp-In-b-t¸m-Ä Nm-≠n A-b-ªp:

]q¯p-e-bp¶ kwcw` km[y-X-IÄ

{]Xn-k-Ôn-bpsS Ipcp-¡-gn¨v Ata-cn-¡³ k¼ZvhyhØ

12

Crowd Funding S P E C I A L S T O R Y

17 33 36 35

24 40 36 57 32

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D I S T R I C T

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F O C U S

5

BZcw

temI-sa-¼m-Sp-apÅ {In¡äv Ifn-¡mÀ¡pw {In¡äv t{]an-I-Ä¡pw am{X-aà k¨n³

sS³Up¡À amXr-Im-]p-cp-j-\m-Ip-¶-Xv. B Icnbdpw Pohn-Xhpw kwcw-`-IÀ¡pw Aaq-ey-amb ]mT-§Ä \ÂIp-¶p-≠v. {][m-\-am-bpw Bdp ]mT -§-fmWv k¨n-\n \n¶v kwcw-`-IÀ¡p ]Tn-¡mhp-¶-Xv. 1. Cfw {]mb-¯n {In¡äv Ifn-¡m³ XpS§p-Ibpw C´y³ Soan-se-¯-W-sa¶v B{K-ln¨v AXn-\mbn ]cn-{i-an-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp k¨n³.

AXp-t]m-se t\ct¯ XpS-§p-¶Xv kwcw-`IÀ¡pw {]tbm-P\w sN¿pw. sN¿p¶ Imcyt¯mSv ISp¯ ]mj³ Ds≠¦n hnP-b-¯n-se¯m\pw D]-I-cn-¡pw.

2. BZys¯ cmPym-´c sSÌn k¨n³ t\cn-«Xv Icp-¯pä ]m¡n-Øm³ Soan-s\-bm-Wv. Iuam-c¡m-c-\m b enän amÌÀ B aÕ-c-¯nepw Xsâ {]Xn` sXfn-bn-¨p. CXnÂ\n¶v kwcw-`À¡p ] Tn-¡m-\pÅ ]mT-an-Xm-Wv. ÌmÀ«v A]v I¼-\nIÄ¡v, amk-§Ä¡p-Ånepw BZy-hÀj-§-fnepw {]Xn-k-Ôn-IÄ t\cn-Sp-t¼mÄ tXmÂhn k½-Xn¨v ]n³am-dm³ Ffp-¸-am-Wv. F¶m k¨ns\t¸mse ]X-dmsX {]Xn-_-Ô-§sf t\cn-Sp¶ _nkn-\-kpImtc hnPbw t\Sn-bn-«p-Åp.

3. aäp Ifn-¡m-cpsS _lp-am\w t\Sn-s¡m-≠v, Gähpw ]cn-{i-a-imenbmb {In¡-äÀ F¶ t]cv \n e-\nÀ¯n-s¡m≠v 24 hÀjw k¨n³ {In¡-än D≠m-bn-cp-¶p. hnP-b-¯nsâ sImSp-ap-Sn-bn Bbncn-¡p-t¼mgpw hn\bw ssIhn-Sm-¯, Ifn-tbm-SpÅ ]mj³ \ne-\nÀ¯nb k¨n³ kwcw-`-IÀ¡pw D¯-a-am-Xr-I-bm-Wv.

4. Iym]vä³ F¶ \ne-bn Xm³ th≠{X Db-cp-¶nà F¶p a\-kn-em-¡n-b-t¸mÄ kzbw B Øm\¯p \n¶p ]n·m-dnb hyàn-bmWv k¨n³. kml-Ncyw Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ A[n-Imcw hn«psIm-Sp-¡p-hm\pÅ a\kv kwcw-`-IÀ¡pw D≠m-bncn-t¡-≠-Xm-Wv. FÃm-hcpw FÃm-änepw anIhp ]peÀ¯n-sb¶p hcn-Ã. \à Sow s¹bÀ BWv \à eoUÀ Ft¶mÀ¡p-I. 5. k¨nsâ Icn-b-dnepw DbÀ¨-Xm-gvN-IÄ D≠m-bn-cp-¶p. ]t£, At±lw ka-Nn-¯-XtbmsS {]bXv\w XpSÀ¶p. hnaÀi-\w At±ls¯ XfÀ¯n-bn-Ã. Ifn-bn-eqsS am{Xw adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. kwcw-`-Icpw C§s\bmbn-cn-¡-Ww. {] Xn-_-Ô-§Ä D≠m-bmepw Imcy-§Ä hnNm-cn-¨-coXn-bn apt¶m«pt]m-Ip-¶n-sÃ-¦n-epw, \½Ä hnizkaÀ¸n¨hbn Dd-¨p\n¡Ww, ITn-\m-[zm\w sN¿-Ww. F¦n am{Xta hnP-bn-¡p-Ip-bp-Åp.

6. amä§Ä am{X-amWv amä-an-Ãm-¯Xv F¶p ] d-bm-dp-≠-tÃm. C{Xbpw ZoÀL-amb Icn-b-dn-ep-S -\ofw anI-hn-\p-th≠n amä§sf DÄs¡m-Åp-hm³ k¨n³ X¿m-dm-bn. Ifn Bh-iy-s¸-Sp¶ coXn-bn Imem-Im-e-§-fn _mänwKvþ _ufnwKv ssien-IÄ Bt±lw amän. anI-hn\p th≠n-bpÅ B{K-lhpw {ia-§fpw ]pXnb coXn-IÄ ]Tn-¡m \pw ]co-£n-¡m\pw X¿m-dm-bXpw hnP-b]m-X-bn ZoÀL-Imew XpS-cm³ Imc-W-ambn. kwcw-`-Icpw Imem\p-kr-X-ambn amtd-≠-Xp-≠v. amä-¯n\p hnt[-b-am-bn-sÃ-¦n hn]-Wn-bnse ]p¯³ Xe-apd ià-amb shÃp-hnfn DbÀ¯pw. D-Zm-lc-W-¯n\v kvamÀ«v sdh-eyq-j³ D≠m-b-t¸mÄ AXn\\p-k-cn¨v amdm³ Ign-bmsX h¶-XmWv t\m¡n-b- ]n´-Å-s¸-Sm³ Imc-W-am-b-Xv.

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ImcpWyapÅ hm¡p-IÄ sNdpXpw DÑ-cn-¡m³ Ffp-¸-ap-ÅXp-am-Wv. ]t£, Ah-bpsS {]Xn-[z-\n-IÄ Ah-km-\-an-Ãm-¯XmIp¶p. aZÀ tXtck

htc-Wy- `m-j-bm-bn Cw-¥o-jn-s\ Im-W-cpXv. F-¶m C-cp-]¯nsbm¶mw \q-äm-≠n-se A-\n-hm-cy-`m-j-Ifn-sem-¶m-bn Cw-¥ojn-s\ ]-cn-K-Wn-¡Ww. ]n sI A-Ðp-dºv, hn-Zym-`ym-k-a{´n

awK-f-bm³ Hcp ]»n-knän Ì≠mWv. \mk t]mepw sNmÆm ZuXyw Dt]-£n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ L«-¯nemWv C´y AXn\pth≠n tImSn-IÄ sNe-hn-Sp-¶Xv. Pn am[-h³ \mbÀ,

C´y-bpsS lrZ-b-amWv ]Ýn-a-L«w. AhnsS Xm]-\n-e-b-§fpw J\-\-hpw ]mSn-söv hyà-am-¡p¶ am[hv KmUvKn dnt¸mÀ«v \S-¸m-¡m³ \mw _m[y-kvX-cm-Wv. at\I KmÔn, ap³ tI{µa{´n

hnjn Fhn-Ss-bmWv ZpÀ_-e\mIp¶-sX¶v Rm³ Is-≠¯n. \½Ä Ifn¨p sImt-≠bn-cn-¡pI F¶-XmWv {][m-\w.

At¸mÄ temI-Nmw-]y\pw ]ng-hpI-Ä hcp¯pw.

ImÄk¬, ]pXnb sNkv temI Nmw]y³

kwØm-\-¯nsâ P\-Iob hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]-£ys¯ A«nadn-¡p-¶-XmWv Bkq-{XWt_mÀUv Xbm-dm-¡nb "]²Xn ] cn-t{]£yw 2030'. ka-{K-amb \ntbm en_d AP≠--bmWv bpUnF^v X¿m-dm-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. tUm. Sn Fw tXmakv sFkIv, ap³ [\-Im-cy-a{´n

cmjv{So-b-¡mÀ hnizm-kyX Xncn-¨p-]n-Sn-¡Ww hyhkmb§Ä Hcp bph cm{ãob t\ XpS§nXmhv F¶ \n-e-bn bhbv¡mWv tIcf¯nse cm{ãob hnIk\ -kmaqlnI ØnXn AP≠bn F§s\ hnebncp¯p-¶p? {]mapJyw \ kwØm\¯n-sâ ÂtI≠Xv. Imcm{ãobþkmaqlnI ØnXnÀjnI kwØm\ bn Rm³ Xo-sc Xr]vX amb tIcfw bÃ. ChnsS P\§Ä `-t£ymÂ-¸`b¶mWv Pohn¡p-¶Xv. ¶-§Ä¡v aäp kao]Ime¯p≠mb kwØm\§sf IpSnsbmgn¸n¡Â {]B{ibnt¡≠n iv\w P\§sf hÃmhcp¶ sX ]nSn-¨pe¨n«p≠v.

AhØ amcm{ãob¯nepw dWw. AXnthKw cm{ãob¡mcnepw hfcp¶, dnb P\§Ä¡pÅ hnizmtIcf¯nsâ ss\Àa-eyw \ Fkvtääv- hykw \-ãs¸«psIm≠ncn ãam-bns¡m≠ncn¡pIbm hkmbs¯ ¡pIbmWv. CXv Xncn¨p Wv. kv{XoXzs¯bpw kv{Xo Rm³ Hcn¡epw ]nSn¡m³ Hmtcm Isfbpw _lpam\n¡m³ ]n-´pWbv¡nÃ. cm{ãob¡mcpw {ian¡Ww. Ignbm¯hcmbn tIc-fobÀ AXv hyàn ]et¸mgpw P\§tfmSv ] am-dp¶p. CXns\ km[qXm¸cy§fn dbp¶ hm¡v ]men¡m I-cn-¡p¶XmWv- Chn-sS A-[n-jvTn-Xamb ³ `cW t\XrXz¯nhÀ[n¨p hcp¶ ]oU\§Ä.

Hcp taJebm-Wv. \v Ignbp¶nÃ. cm{ãob¯nepw cm{ão kwØm\ AXpsIm≠mWv b¡mcnepw P\§Ä¡pÅ s¯ `cWcwK¯v P\§Ä ]e hnIk\ hnizmkw \-ãs¸«psIm≠n C-t¸mgpÅ ]²XnItfmSpw hnapcn¡pIbm-Wv. C¯-cw km-lbphP\ {]m JX ImWn¡p¶-Xv. N-cy-§Ä am-dn-bmte \½psS Xn\n[y¯n IpSnsbmgn¸n¡s¸Sp¶hÀtI-cfw km¼¯nIambpw Xr]vXbmtWm? ¡v ]Icw `qan \ÂImw kmaqlnIambpw apt¶dp Hcp ]cn[n F¶ hm¡n\v ]Icw IbpÅq. F-sF-kn-kn hnh-sc Xr]vXbm kÀ¡mÀ `qanbn kÀNmÀ hn`mKv tI{µ sk{I«dn Wv. ImcWw, ¡mÀ Xs¶ ^vfmäv \nÀan¨v C³ NmÀPv kz]v\ ]t{Smbq¯v tIm¬\ÂIs«, CXv P\§fpsS Wn-kv FaÀPnMv tI-cfbv¡v {Kknepw sIhnizmkw hÀ[n¸n¡pw.

A\phZn¨ A`napJ¯n F-kvbphnepw AXpt]mse Xs¶ {]m-[m{]XnIcn¡p-¶p.

Ir-Xy-ambn \y-aÀ-ln-¡p-¶ hn-j-b-amWv sXcsªSp¸phÀ[n¨p hcp¶ kv{Xo IÄ \-S-¡p¶Xv ]oU\§Ä. kaqls¯ bphm¡Ä¡v cm{ãob¯nte¡v I-S-¶p-hBXy´nIambn _m[n¡p¶ {]iv\§Ä cm³ hgnsbmcp¡p¶p. a¡Ä cm{ãobw ]mÀ-«n thÀXn-cnhv t\m-¡msX FÃmhcpw F¶ Bib¯n\v Hcp ]cn[nhsc hntNÀ¶v t\cnSWw. cmaambn F¶Xv BizmkIcam-Wv. KpP-dm¯v amXrI C¶v Gsd NÀ¨-sNkwØm\¯nsâ km¼¯nI -kmaq ¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. tIc-f-¯n\v Hcp hnIk\ lnI hnIk\s¯ ]nt¶m«v hen amXrI krjvSn¡m\mIp-tam? ¡p¶ {][m\ LSI§Ä GsXÃmamWv? XoÀ¨bm-bpw, Hcp]mSp hnIk\ km[yXIfpÅ kwØm\amWv tI-cfw. hnZymk¼¶cmb P\§Ä F¶m AXn\mbn \½Ä ASn-Øm\ hntZi¯v sXmgn tXSnt¸m-Ip¶p, kuIcy§Ä hnIkn¸n¡-Ww. KXmAXneqsS e`n¡p¶ ]WamWv KX,- Bibhn\nab kuIcy§fpsS tIcf¯nsâ {][m\ hcpam\w. Cu hnIk\¯neqsS am-{Xta \nt£ ØnXn amdWw. hnZymk¼¶cmb ]w BIÀjn¡m³ \ap¡mIq. h³ P\§Ä¡v- th≠ sXmgnehk-§Ä hyhkmb§Ä¡v H¸w Xs¶ sNdpInS Chn-sS¯s¶ krãn¡m³ \ap¡mhyhkmb§Ä, Irjn XpS§nbhbv¡pw IWw. A-Xn\v ChnSps¯ cm{ãob t\ ap³-Xq¡w \ÂIWw. C´y Hcp XrXzw anIhp Im«Ww. anI¨ sXmImÀjnI cmPyamWv F¶Xv \mw gnÂcwKw kr-ãn-¡s¸Sp¶tXmsS Btfmhnkvacn¡cpXv. ASn¡Sn D≠mIp¶ lcn hcpam\-hpw kwØm\¯nsâ lÀ¯mÂ, ssI¡qen¡mcm-b D-tZymhcpam\hpw hÀ[n¡pw.

KØÀ F¶nh kwcw`w XpS§m³ F¶m kmaqlnI hnIk\¯nsâ F¯p¶hsc ]n´ncn¸n¡p¶p. C¯cw Imcy-¯nÂ, \ap¡v C\nbpw Gsd Zqcw kmlNcy-§Ä-¡p amäw h¶m ap-t¶m«pt]mIm\p≠v. tIcf¯nse P\ KpPdm¯n-s\m-¸tam AXn\p tasetbm §Ä kmaqlnIhpw kmwkvIcnI-hpam\nÂ-¡p¶ hnIk\ amXrIbmIm³ bn C¶v Gsd ]n¶nemWv. P\§Ä¡v tIcf¯n\m-Ipw. kv{XoIsf _lpam\n¡m³ AdnbnÃ. kv{XoIsf _lpam\n¡pI F¶XmWv tIcf¯nsâ ka{K hnIk\¯n\v kmaqlnI D¶a\¯n-sâ e£Ww. kv{i-² \ÂIn hnIkn¸nt¡≠ 5 {] {Xo-IÄ kz-´w I-cp-¯v a\kn-em-¡n Iq[m\ taJeIÄ G-sXm-s¡-bmWv? «m-bv-a-bn-eq-sS ap-t¶-dWw. F¶m B coXnbnte¡v hnIkn¡m³ \mw C\nbpw Fsâ A`n{]mb¯nÂ, Sqdnkw, Gsd Zqcw k©cnt¡≠Xp≠v.

Irjn, sFSn, hnZym`ymkw, sNdpInS

7

Fsâ tIcfw

X\Xv ImgvN-IÄ ssIsh-Sn-b-cpXv FÃm `m-j-bv¡pw A-XpÄ-s¡m-Åp-¶ `q-an-I-bv-¡pw -k-hn-ti-j-ambn kw-kv-Imchpw co-Xn-I-fp-ap≠v. A-¯-c-¯n tIc-fw BÀ-Ön-¨ X\n-a \n-e-\nÀ-¯-s¸tS-≠-Xp-s≠¶v kw-hn-[m-b-I³ s»-kn. tI-c-f-¯n-sâ ku-µ-cy-amb ]p-g-bpw, a-ebpw Ip-¶p-Ifpw kw-c-£n-¨p sIm-≠p am-{X-ta A-Xv D-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯m -\mIq. hr-²k-Z-\-§fpw I-]-S k-Zm-Nm-c-hm-Z-§fpw s]-cp-Ip-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨pw c-Xn-bp-sS Bßo-b \nÀ-hr-Xn a-e-bm-fn-¡v \-ã-am-Ip-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨pw A-t±-lw B-i-¦-s¸-Sp¶p. a-X-ku-lmÀ-Z-w Pm-{K-X-tbm-sS \n-e-\n-À-¯-s¸-tS-≠-Xp-s≠¶pw s»kn. tI-c-f-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-Å X-sâ Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-I-fpw kz-]v-\-§fpw F-sâ tI-c-f-¯n-eq-sS ]-¦p-h-bv-¡p-I-bm-Wv A-t±lw

iym-a kpµ-cw tI-c-fw hf-sc sNdn-b `q-{]-tZ-i-am-Wv tIcfw. hy-Xy-kv-Xam-b `m-jmco-Xn-IÄ, B-Nm-c§Ä, A-\p-jvTm-\-§Ä F-¶nh-sbms¡ kz-´am-b {]-tZ-iw. I-Sepw ]p-g-bpw, a-ebpw Im-b-ep-saÃmw H-cp sNdn-b `q-{]-tZ-i-¯n-\p-Ån H-Xp-¡nbn-cn-¡p-¶p. C-¯-c-¯n G-sd {]-tXyI-X-IÄ \n-d-ª Cu a-®n-s\-bpw, {]-Ir-Xn-sbbpw Im-¯p-kq-£n-¡p-¶ B-Nm-c-§fpw ss]-Xr-Ihpw \-ap-¡p≠v.

C-¶v ]pXn-b X-eap-d {]-hm-k¯n-te-¡v am-ä-s¸-Sp-¶ Øn-Xn-bp≠v. C-Xv tI-c-f¯n-sâ km-¼¯n-I h-fÀ-¨-bv-¡v G-sd Kp-W-w sN-bvXp. ]-t£, C-hn-sS \mw

A-dn-bm-sX Nn-e \-ã-s¸-S-ep-IÄ D-≠mIp-¶p≠v. bq-tdm-¸n-sâ-bpw A-ta-cn-¡bp-sS-bpw A-d-_n-\m-Sp-I-fp-sS-bpw a-äp ]-e-\m-Sp-I-fp-sSbpw kw-kv-Im-c-§-fp-w coXn-Ifpw D-Ä-s¡m-≠v Po-hn-¡m³ a-e-bm-fn X-¿mdmIp¶p. AÑ-s\bpw A-½-sbbpw D-t]-£n-¨p hn-tZ-i-§-fn ]m-À-¡p-¶ a-¡Ä, _-Ô-§-fp-sS ]-c¸pw B-ghpw a-d¶p-sIm-≠p P-\n-¡m-\n-cn-¡p¶ Ip«nIÄ, X-sâ I-gn-ª Im-e-L-«§-sf t_m-[-]qÀ-hw D-t]-£n-¨p Po-hn¡p¶-hÀ, hr-²k-Z-\-§-fn in-ã-Po-hn-Xw X-Ån-\o¡p¶-hÀ C-h-sbÃmw C-Xnsâ ^-e-am-bn D-≠m-Ip¶p. C-hn-sS C-\n kw-cw-£n-¡s¸-tS≠-Xv tI-c-f-¯n-sâ X-\n-a-bpw AXn-sâ X\-Xp kw-kv-Im-c-hp-am-Wv.

B-Uw-_-c-§-fp-sS tIcfw tI-c-f-¯n-\p am-{X-aà G-Xp `q-{]Ir-Xn-¡pw DÄ-s¡m-Åp-hm³ km-[n-¡p¶Xpw km-[n-¡m-¯-Xpamb \n-c-hn-[n hy-hØn-Xn-I-Ä D-≠v. tI-c-f-¯n G-sd-t¸cpw C-¶v k¼¶-X B-{K-ln¡p-¶-Xn-epw A-Xv e-`n-¨m [qÀ-¯Sn-¡p-¶-Xnepw aq-¶n-emWv. kzÀ-Ww ]-W-b-¯n³-ta I-Sw sIm-Sp-¡p-¶ Øm-]-\§Ä, a-äp [-\-Im-cy Øm-]-\§Ä F¶n-h tI-c-f-¯n-epÅ-Xp t]m -se a-säm-cn-S¯pw CÃmsb-¶p ]-d-bmw.

G-Xp hn-t[-\bpw km-¼-¯n-Iam-bn D-bÀ-¶ hn-\n-a-bw sN-¿p-¶-h-cm-Wv F-¶p Im-Wn-¡m-\p-Å a-Õ-c-am-Wv \-S-¡p¶Xvv. C-Xv I-S-s¡-Wn-bn-te¡pw B-ß-l-Xy-bn-te¡pw \-bn-¡p-t¼mgpw Im-cyam-b {]-Xn-I-c-W-§Ä D-≠m-Ip¶nÃ. Rm\pw F-sâ Np-äp-ap-Åhcpw, F-sâ Ip-Sw-_hpw F-¶-Xm-bn C-S-s]-Sep-IÄ Np-cp-§p-I-bmWv. C-Xv hen-sbmcp hn-]-¯n-te-¡m-Wv \o-§p¶-Xv F-¶v \mw Xn-cn-¨-dn-bp-¶nÃ. hntZi sXm-gn-emfn-IÄ a-dp-\m-«n I-ã-s¸-«v C-hn-sS Pohn-X-s¯ B-Uw-_-c ]qÀ-W-am-¡p-¶p.

Np-cp-¡-¯n A-ta-cn-¡³ tUm-f-dn-sâ aq-eyw I-d³-kn-bn GÂ-¸n-¡p-¶ {] l-cw apwss_ Hml-cn hn-]-Wn-bn am-{X-aà h-g-nb-cn-In hnÂ-¡p-¶ Bäp-ao-\n-\pw, N-´-bn-se I-¸-bv¡pw h-sc hn-ehy-Xym-kw A-\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶-Xn-\p Im-c-W-am-Ipw. G-XpX-c-¯n-epw Cu sNdn-b Po-hnX-s¯ B-kzm-Zy-I-c-am¡pI F-¶- \-hbp-K Im-gv-N-¸mSpw C-Xnsâ `m-K-amWv. C¯-cw {]-iv-\-§-fn \n-¶p-Å tam-N-\-am-Wv tI-c-f-¯n-\p th-≠Xv.

hn-thN-\w \ã-s¸-«hÀ a-\p-jy-s\bpw ar-K-s¯bpw X-½n thÀ-¯n-cn-¡p-¶ hn-th-N-\ i-àn tI-c-f-¯n \n-¶p am-ä-s¸«p-sIm-≠ncn-¡p¶p. ssI-¡p-ªp§-sf h-sc ssewKnI-am-bn ]oUn-¸n-¡p¶-Xv C-Xn-\v D-Zm-l-c-W-amWv. C-sXm-cp H-ä-s¸-« D-Zml-c-WaÃ, a-dn-¨v B-hÀ-¯n-¡-s¸Sp¶p.

F´p-sIm-≠m-Wv a-e-bm-fn-¡v c-Xn-bp-sS B-ßo-b A-\p-`-h-§Ä ]-¦n-Sm³ I-gnbm-sX t]m-Ip-¶-Xv F-¶-Xpw Nn-´n-t¡≠n-bn-cn-¡p¶p. sse-wKnIX-sb-¡p-dn-¨p Nn-´n-¡p¶-Xv k-ZmNm-c hn-cp-²-hpw, ]m-]t_m-[w kr-ãn-¡p-¶-Xp-am-sW¶vv B-cm-Wv ]-d-ªp]Tn-¸n-¨n«-pÅXv. sse-w-KnI-X-bp-sS bm-YmÀ-° A-\p-`-h-

8

§Ä A-dn-bm-sX h-cp-Ibpw hn-I-eam-b Nn-´-IÄ D-S-se-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶-XmWv C-¶nsâ {]-iv\w. C-Xn-sâ-sbÃmw A-Sn-Øm-\-am-bn \nÂ-¡p¶-Xv kv-t\lhpw {]-W-bhpw B-sW-¶pÅXpw \mw Xn-c-n¨-dn-b-s¸-tS-≠-Xp-≠v.

kv-t\-ln-¡m³ ]Tn-¸n-¡p-¶ a-X§Ä H-cp Xp-c-p¯n H-ä-bv-¡p Po-hn¡p-¶ hy-àn-¡v a-Xhpw ssZ-hhpw B-h-iy-anÃ. A-bmÄ A-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶ {]-Iy-Xn A-bmÄ-¡p am{Xw kz´w.

F-¶m A-hn-sS A-bm-sf¡q-Sm-sX H-cp F-en D-s≠-¦n-tem... A-bmÄ-¡v `-£n-¡m³ sh-¨-sXÃmw Nn-e-t¸mÄ F-enbpw kz-´-am¡n-tb-¡mw. C-hn-sS H-cp ]-¦p-h-bv-¡Â A-\n-hm-cy-am-Ip¶p.

A-sÃ-¦n F-en-sb sImÃmw. X-\n-¡v Iq-«v F-en am-{X-sa-¶v I-cp-Xn ku-lr-Zw B-cw-`n-¡mw. A§-s\ H-cp Nn-´ D-≠mI-W-sa-¦n \-·bpw kv-t\-lhpw BÀ{Z-Xbpw D-≠m-IWw. C-¯-c-¯n-ep-Å H-cp km-aq-l-n-I{I-a-¯n-\m-bn-«p-Å-Xm-Wv FÃm a-X-§-fpw. F´p-sImt≠m C-¶v FÃm a-\p-jy-cpw kz-´w a-Xw FÃmhcpw DÄ-s¡m-Å-W-sa-¶v iTn-¡p¶p.

Nn-eÀ A-Xn-\pth-≠n G-Xp amÀ-K-hpw G-Xp e-£yhpw G-sä-Sp-¡p-hm³ X-¿mdm-Ip-¶p. Cu ImX-e-b hn-j-b-¯n-emWv C\n-sbm-cp am-ä-ap-≠m-tI-≠Xv.

am-äw A-\n-hm-cy-am-Ip-¶ cm-{ãobw H-cp Ime-¯v C-´y-bn-se I-cp¯m-b cm{ão-b t\-Xm¡-sf kw-`m-h-\ sN-bvXXv tI-c-f-amWv. A-¶v cm-{ão-bw FÃmw a-d-¶p-sIm-≠p-Å cm-Py k-aÀ¸-Wam-bncp¶p. A-hÀ-¡v Nn-e X-Xzkw-ln-X-IÄ D-≠m-bn-cp¶p. F-¶m C-¶v FÃm cm-ão-b-¡mÀ¡pw s]m-Xp kz-`m-h-amWp-ÅXv. \-½p-sS A-b-ÂcmPyamb knw-K¸q-cn-se Im-cy-§Ä ]cn-tim-[n-¡pt¼mÄ cm-{ão-b-¯n- D-≠m-bn-cn-¡p-¶ hy-Xym-k-§Ä ]-d-bm-sX h-¿. A-hn-sS a-{´n-amÀ AXXp ta-J-e-I-fn I-gn-hp sX-fn-bn-¨ Gä-hp an-Sp-¡-cm-Wv. AXpt]m-se ]-Xnhp cm-{ãob¯n-\p hn-`n-¶am-bn \-½p-sS kw-kv-Im-c-t¯m-Sp tbmPn-¡p-¶ ]-cn-jv-Im-c-§Ä- C-hn-sSbpw h-cp-¯Ww. AXv \-½p-sS \m-Sn-\p tbmPn-¨XmIWw. X¿m-dm-¡n-bXv: c¦p sI lcn-Zmkv

\b-X{´w

sXm-½³ ap-dp-In-b-t¸m-Ä Nm-≠n A-b-ªp:

{]-Xn-k-Ôn-bp-sS Ip-cp-¡-gn-¨v A-ta-cn-¡³ k¼-Zvhy-hØ A-½\pw sXm-½\pw I-fn-bp-sS t]äâ v tI-c-f \n-bak-`m k-am-Pn-I-cp-sS ssI-h-i-am-bn-cn-¡mw. F-¶m C-¡-gn-ª H-tÎm-_À am-kw A-ta-cn-¡³ ]mÀ-esaâmb tIm¬-{K-kn-sâ C-cpk-`-Ifpw Cu cm-{ãob¡-fn H-¶p ]-co-£n-¨p t\m¡n. {]-knUâ v _-cm-Iv H-_m-a-bp-sS kz]v-\ ]-²-Xnbm-b ka-{K B-tcm-Ky C³-jp-d³-kv \n-ba-s¯ Np-än-¸-än-bm-Wv taÂ-¸-d-ª N-¡-f-¯n-t¸m-cm-«w A-c-t§-dn-bXv. H_m-a-bp-sS kz-´w ]mÀ-«nbm-b sU-tam-{Im-än-Iv ]mÀ«n-¡v `q-cn-]-£-ap-Å sk-\äv (D]-cn k-`) ]m-km¡nb _P-äv {]-Xn-]-£am-b dn-¸-»n-¡³ ]mÀ-«n-¡v taÂ-ss¡-bp-Å {]-Xn-\n-[nk-` (At[m a-Þew) \n-c-kn¨p. ^-e-tam? km-¼¯n-I A-Sn-b-´cmh-Ø.

C -´y³ cm-{ão-b-¡m-cp-sS ]-e io-e-§fpw km-bn-¸n-\v A-{X h-

i-anÃ. D-Zm-l-c-W-am-bn cm-{ão-b t\-«-¯n-\p-th-≠n ]mÀ-e-saâ v NÀ-¨-I-sfbpw thm-s«-Sp-¸n-s\bpw D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶ io-ew s]m-Xp-sh A-ta-cn-¡-¡mÀ-¡nÃ. F-¶m tUm. taml³ {]-Xn-\n-[n k-`-bn-se _P-äv thmhÀKokv s«-Sp-¸v th-f-bn dn-¸-»n-¡³-amÀ H-¶p am-dn Nn-´n¨p. "H-_m-am sIbÀ' F-¶p s]m-Xp-sh hn-fn-¡-s¸-«-Xpw 2010 amÀ-¨n H-¸p-h-¨-Xpamb Affordable Care Act F-¶ B-tcm-Ky c-£m ]-²-Xn-bn-se Nn-e hy-h-Ø-IÄ D-S³ \-S-¸m-¡cp-sX-¶ dn-¸-»n-¡³ imTyw H_m-a ]p-Ñn-¨p X-Ån-btXm-sS _P-äv ]m-km-¡m³ dn-¸-»n-¡³ {]-Xn-\n-[n-IÄ hn-k-½-Xn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp¶p. h-f-bv-¡pI-tb sN-¿mhq, HSn-¡-cp-Xv F-¶ B-]v-X-hmIyw XÂ-¡m-e-t¯-s¡-¦nepw bm-Ym-Øn-Icm-b dn-¸-»n-¡³-amÀ a-d¶p. kwK-Xn Kp-ep-am-em-bn. tZio-b _-P-äv ]m-km-¡msX [-\-hn\n-tbm-Kw \-S-¡p-¶-sX-§s\? A-ta-cn-¡³ k-¼-Zvcw-Kw kv-Xw-`n-¨p. 2013 H-tÎm-_À H-¶n-\p XpS§n-b a-c-hn-¸v \o-≠p-\n¶-Xv H-tÎm-_À ]-Ip-Xn hsc.

C-¡m-e-b-f-hn A-ta-cn-¡³ {Sj-dn AS-ªp In-S¶p. {Sj-dn ]q-«n-bm K-h¬-saân-\p {]-hÀ-¯n-¡m-\mIptam? A-§-s\ 8 e-£-¯n¸-cw kÀ-¡mÀ Po-h-\-¡msc i-¼-f-anÃm-¯ \nÀ-_Ôn-X Ah-[n \Â-In ho-«nen-cp¯n. IÀ-i-\am-b sNe-hp Np-cp-¡-en-sâ `m-K-am-bn kÀ-¡mÀ Hm-^o-kpIÄ, tZio-b ]mÀ-¡pIÄ, Sq-dn-kw tI-{µ-§Ä F-¶n-h-sbÃmw j-«À Xm-gv-¯n. 16 Zn-hkw \o-≠p-\n-¶ Cu km-¼¯n-I A-Sn-b-´n-cm-h-Ø A-tacn-¡-bv-¡v 24 _n-ey¬ tUm-f-dn-sâ \-ã-ap-≠m-¡n-sb¶m-Wv dn-t¸mÀ-«pIÄ. am{Xtam km-¼¯n-I h-fÀ-¨-bn A-c i-X-am-\w Ip-d-hp-≠m-Ip-a-t{X. 2013 H-tÎm-_-ÀþUnkw-_À Im-e-b-f-hn {]-Xo-£n-¨ aq-¶p i-X-am-\w h-fÀ¨m \n-c¡v 2.4 i-X-am-\-am-bn ]p-\À \n-Ý-bn-¡-s¸«p.

C-hn-sS i-cn¡pw sh-«n-emb-Xv dn-¸-»n-¡³ ]mÀ-«nbmWv. H-_ma-sb H-¶v hnc-«n NnÃ-d t`-Z-K-Xn-I-tfm-sS H_m-a sI-b-dn-s\ ]-cn-jv-I-cn-s¨-Sp¡mw F-¶ tam-l-amWv {]-kn-Uân-sâbpw sU-tam-{Im-äp-I-fp-sSbpw I-Spw-]n -Sn-¯-¯n-\p ap-¶n A-enªp-t]m-bXv. tI-c-f-¯n tkm-fmÀ hn-j-b-¯n sk-{I-«-dn-tb-äv D]-tcm-[w t]m -ep-Å Pm-e-hn-Zy-IÄ \-½p-sS ap-Jy-a-{´nbpw {]-Xn-]-£ t\-Xmhpw tNÀ-¶v X-IÀ-¯-`n-\-bn-¨v kq-¸À ln-äm¡n-b hnh-c-sam¶pw ]m-hw A-ta-cn-¡³ cm-{ão-b-¡mÀ A-dnª a-«nÃ. tIm-Sn-tb-cn k-Jm-hn-\p in-jy-Xz-s¸-«v \n-anjmÀ-²w sIm-≠v BÄ-¡q«-s¯ A-{]-Xy-£-cm-¡p-¶ hnZy-sbm¶pw P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[nk-`m kv-]o-¡À tPmt_m-sb-\À kzm-b-¯-am-¡n-bnà F-¶p-d¸v. a-dp-hi-¯v t]cn-s\m-cp Pp-Uo-jy A-t\zj-Ww {]-Jym-]n-¨v dn-«tbÀ-Uv P-UvPn-sbbpw h-¨v kcn-X hnj-bw k-c-k-am-bn ssI-Imcyw sNbv-X D-½³ Nm-≠n-bp-sS cm-{ão-b sa-bv-

hg-¡w am-Xr-I-bm-¡m³ H-_m-abpw Iq-«m-¡n-bnÃ.

Np-cp-¡-¯n I-fnb§p Im-cy-ambn. dn-¸-»n¡³þsU-tam-{Im-än-Iv ssk-\y-§Ä N-cn-{X¯nsem-cn-¡epw sN-bv-Xn«nÃm-¯ hn-[-¯n ]-c-kv]-cw sN-fn-hm-cnsb-dn-ªp. A-ta-cn-¡³ cm-{ão-b-¡mÀ-¡n-S-bn-se ]-¨, I-¯n-th-j-§Ä \n-d-ªmSn. km-¼¯n-I {]-Xnk-Ôn \n-¶p-I-¯psa-¶m-b-t¸mÄ i-cmicn bpF-kv ]u-c³-amÀ D-WÀ-s¶-gp-t¶äp. A-`n{]mb thm-s«-Sp-¸p ^-e§Ä dn-¸-»n-¡³ ]mÀ-«n-¡p≠m-b £o-Ww Xpd-¶pIm«n. s]m-Xp-P\m-`n-{]m-bw X-§Ä-s¡-Xn-cm-sW-¶p a-\-Ên-em¡n-b dn-¸»n-¡³-amÀ H-Sp-hn H-¯p-XoÀ-¸n-\p \nÀ-_-Ôn-X-cmbn.

2014 P-\p-h-cn 15 h-sc ]-Ww sN-ehnSm\pw s^-{_ph-cn 7 h-sc A-ta-cn-¡-bp-sS I-S-sa-Sp-¸v ]-cn-[n D-bÀ¯m\pw K-h¬-saân-\v A-\p-hm-Zw \Â-In dn-¸-»n¡³, sU-tam-{Im-äv sk-\-äÀ-amÀ amXr-I Im«n. dn-¸-»n-¡³ `qcn-]-£ {]-Xn-\n-[n k-`bpw Cu Xo-cp-am-\w Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨v {]-iv-\-¯n \n¶pw X-e-bqcn. A´n-a I-W-s¡-Sp-¸n H-_m-a-bv¡v G-I]£ob hn-Pbw; B-tcm-Kyc-£m hn-jb-¯n hn-«p-ho-gv-N-bnÃm-¯ k-ao-]-\-¯n-sâ hn-Pbw. sXm-½³ ap-dp-In-b-t¸mÄ e-`n-¨ hn-Pbw. Nm-≠n-¡v Ab-bm-sX \nÀ-hm-l-anÃ-tÃm! cmPyw A-ta-cn-¡-bm-bn-t¸mbntÃ? A-½\pw sXm-½\pw I-fn-¨v cm-{ãm-´-c k-aq-l¯n-\p ap-¶n hn-e I-f-bm³ i-cmi-cn A-ta-cn-¡³ ]u -c³ A-h-cp-sS cm-{ão-b-¡m-sc A-\p-h-Zn-¡nà F-¶ hkvXp-X H-cn-¡Â-¡q-Sn hy-à-ambn. F-¶n-cp-¶mepw A-Sp¯Im-e-s¯m¶pw am-bn-¨p I-f-bm-\m-hm-¯ I-d ]p-c-«ns¡m-≠m-Wv A-ta-cn-¡-bn D-cp-≠p-IqSn-b km-¼¯n-I {]-Xnk-Ôn XmÂ-¡m-en-I-am-bn ]-Sn-bn-d-§n-bXv. C-´y-¡p-ap≠v Cu ]-Sn-ªm-d³ ho-c-Km-Y-bn \n-t¶-sd ]Tn-¡m\pw t\-«w sIm-¿m-\pw. 2007þ08 Im-e-bf-hn kw-`-hn-¨ B-tKm-f-amµyw A-ta-cn-¡³ k-¼-ZvhyhØ-sb I-S-]p-g-¡n-sb-dn-ª-t¸mÄ am-µy-¯n-\p ]n Sn-sIm-Sp-¡m-sX C-´y Pnþ20sâ Nn-d-In-te-dn A-´m-cm{ã km-¼¯n-I cwK-¯v F-®-s¸-« i-àn-bm-bn D-bÀ¶p h¶-Xv H-t¶mÀ-s¯-Sp-¡mw. B-tKm-fam-µy-Ime-¯v C-´y³ k¼-Zv hy-h-Ø sd-¡mÀ-Uv h-fÀ-¨ tc-J-s¸-Sp¯n-b-tXmÀ-¡p-I. ]-t£, A-ta-cn-¡ amµyw hn-«p-WÀ-¶t¸m-tg-¡v C-´y-bp-sS hn-tZ-i-\m-Wy I-cp-X tiJ-cw tim-jn-¨n-cp¶p. C-´y³ cq-] A-ta-cn-¡³ tUm-f-dn-s\Xn-tc Im-en-S-dn-hoWp. A-§-s\ A-ta-cn-¡ ]-¨ ]n-Sn-¨p

h-cn-Ibpw C-´y Ip-¯p-]m-f-sb-Sp-¡m³ hn-[n-¡-s¸-SpIbpw sNbv-X k-a-b-¯m-WtÃm A-ta-cn-¡³ cm-{ão-b¡mÀ-¡v C-cn-¡p¶ sIm-¼v H-¶v h-c-bm³ _p-²n tXm¶n-bXv. XÂ-¡m-e-t¯-s¡-¦nepw bpF-kv kÀ-¡mÀ km-¼¯n-I Ip-cp-¡n-em-b-t¸mÄ C-´y-¡v C-¼-I-cam-b Nne-Xv kzm-`m-hn-I-am-bn kw-`-hn¨p. tUm-f-dn-\p aq-eyan-Sn-ªp. B-dp {]ap-J I-d³-kn-I-fp-am-bp-Å hn-\n-a-b aq-ey-¯n tUm-fÀ F-«p amk-s¯ G-ähpw Xm-gv-¶ X-e-¯n-se¯n. tUm-fÀ hn-e-bn-Sn-hv {Iq-tUm-bn hnebnepw {]-Xn-^-en¨p. hn-e _m-c-en-\v 108 tUm-f-dn-\p Xm-sg-sb¯n. kzÀ-W-hn-ebpw Xm-gv-¶p h¶p. C-´ysb kw-_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯m-fw DÀhin im-]w D-]-Imcw.

F-¶m A-ta-cn-¡³ {]-Xnk-Ôn \o≠p-t]m-bn-cp-s¶¦n A-ta-cn-¡³ km-¼¯n-I D-t¯-P-\ ]-²-Xn-I-fp-sS Xm-fw sX-än-tbs\. A-Xv C-´y-bp-sS I-b-äp-a-Xn-sb tZmj-I-c-am-bn _m-[n-¡p-am-bn-cp¶p. A-Sn-b-´cm-h-Ø-bp-sS ^-e-am-bn hn-k kw-_-Ôam-b Im-cy-§-fn Im-e-Xm-ak-ap-≠m-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n sF-Sn ta-J-ebpw {]-Xn-kÔn-bn-em-Ip-ambn-cp¶p.

H-cp {Kl-Ww I-gnªp. C-\n a-säm-¶v. 2014 P-\p-h-cn 15\m-bn Im-¯n-cn-¡mw. A-¶p-h-sc-bm-Wv C-t¸mg-s¯ sh-Sn-\nÀ-¯Â \o-fp-I. s]m«ptam ]mÀ-e-saân ho≠pw shSn? A-ta-cn-¡³ tIm¬-{K-kv Øn-Xn-sN¿p-¶ Iym-¸n-tämÄ lnÃn-te-¡v FÃm I-®p-Ifpw \o-fp-t¼mÄ H-cp tNmZyw _m¡n. C-´y³ cm-{ão-b-¡msc-t¸m-se X-½n-e-Sn-¨v lotdm N-a-bm\pw ]-cp-t¡Â-¡msX c-£-s]-Sm\pw F-¶mWmthm A-ta-cn-¡³ cm-{ão-b¡mÀ ]Tn¡pI?! ssh-Fwkn-F tZio-b am-[y-a-k-an-Xn sN-bÀ-am-\pw, Xn-cp-hà amÀ-t¯m½ tIm-sf-Pv s]m-fn-än-¡Â k-b³-kv hn-`m-Kw A-tkm-kn-tb-äv s{]m-^-k-dp-am-Wv te-JI³.

9

NISM tImgvkp-I-sf-¡p-dn¨v hnZym`ymkw

Hml-cn hn-]Wn, aÀ¨â v _m-¦nw-Kv XpS-§nb km-¼¯n-I ta-J-e-bn sXmgn e-`n-¡p-hm³ ]Tn-t¡-≠Xpw "sk-Iyq-cn-äo-kv B³Uv F-Iv-kv-tN-©v t_mÀUv Hm-^v C-´y' (SEBI) bp-sS hn-Zym-`ym-k hn-`m-Kam-b "\mj-W C³-Ìn-äyqj³ Hm-^v sk-Iyq-cn-äo-kv amÀ-¡-äv' (NISM) \-S-¸n-em-¡n-bn-«p-ÅXpam-b hnhn-[ kÀ-«n-^n-t¡-j³ tIm-gv-kp-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨v ap³ e-¡-¯n (Hm-K-kväv) ]-cm-aÀ-in-¨n-cp-¶p-h-tÃm. F-¶m km-¼¯n-I ta-J-e-bn-se Cu hn-e-tbdn-b kÀ-«n-^n-¡-äp-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨v \n-ch-[n tNm-Zy§Ä e-`n-¡p-I-bp≠mbn. Ah-sb Xr-]v-Xn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶ Nn-e hn-h-c-§Ä Iq-Sn \ÂIp¶p

]Tn-¡m-sX ]mkmhm-tam?

NISM \-S-¯p-¶ kÀ-«n-^n-t¡-j³ ]-co-£-IÄ ap³e-¡-¯n kqNn-¸n-¨Xp-t]mse k-\n Hm¬-sse³ B-bms]-cpw-tXm«¯v Wv \-S-¯p-¶Xv. \m-j-W kv-täm¡v F-Iv-kv-tN-©nsâbpw apw-ss_ F-Iv-kv-tN-©n-sâbpw \nÝn-X ]-co-£m skâ-dn \-S-¡p-¶ ]-co-£ ]Tn-s¨-gp-tX-≠-Xp-X-s¶. (F-g-pXp-Ibà Hmtcm tNm-Zy-¯n\pw \Â-In-bn-

10

«p-Å \m-ep-¯-c-§-fn i-cn-bm-b-Xn-\p t\-tc au-kv sIm≠v "¢n¡v' sN-¿p-I-bmWv coXn) F-¶m tNmZyw {]k-àw Xs¶.

H-cn-¡Â ]Tn¨v, ]-co-£n-¨v hn-P-bn-¨-bmÄ¡v e-`n-¡p-¶ kÀ-«n-^n-¡äv (C-t¸mÄ kÀ-«n-^n-¡äpw Ì-Un-sa-äo-cn-b t]mse tkm-^v-äv tIm-¸n am-{X-ta e-`n-¡q) aq-¶p hÀ-jw am{Xw hm-en-Un-än D-ÅXmWv. kÀ-«n-^n-¡-än-sâ hm-en-Un-än A-h-km-\n-¡p-¶Xn-\p ap¼v NISMDw B-bn _-Ô-s¸-«m Continuing Professional Education (CPE) Programme F-¶ t]-cn A-hÀ \-S-¯p-¶ Xp-SÀ hn-Zym-`ym-k ]-cn-]m-Snbn ]-s¦-Sp-¯v ho≠pw ]-co£-sb-gp-XmsX kÀ-«n-^n¡-äv A-Sp-¯

aq-¶p hÀ-j-t¯-¡p-Iq-Sn \o-«n-¡n«pw .

CPE H-cp- Znhkw cm-hn-se ]-¯p ap-X ssh-In-«v A©p h-sc \o-≠p-\nÂ-¡p-¶ ]T-\-¢m-kv BWv. ]qÀ-W-ambpw k-Poh-am-bn ]-s¦-Sp-¡p-¶ "AÀ-l-cm-b'hÀ¡v ]n-¶o-Sv 30 -{]-hr-¯nZn-h-k-§Ä¡p-Ån kÀ-«n-^n¡äv Cþ-sa-bn-em-bn e-`n-¡pw.

G-sXm-s¡ hn-j-b-§-fn-emWv CPE t{]m-{Kmw \-S-¡p-¶Xv? I-d³-kn sU-dn-th-änhv-kv B³Uv dn-kv-Iv am-t\-Pv-saâ v, ayqNzÂ-^≠v, c-Pn-kv{SmÀ B³Uv {Sm³-kv-^À G-Pâ vþtImÀ-¸-tdäv, sU-t¸m-knädn Hm¸-td-j³-kv F-¶n-h-bn CPE t{]m-{Kmw \-S-¯p-¶p≠v.

F-hn-sS? B-cm-Wn-Xp \-S-¯p-¶Xv? NISM kÀ-«n-^n-¡-äp-I-fp-sS Xp-SÀ-hnZym-`ym-k ]-cn-]m-Snbmb CPE t{]m-{Kmw C-t¸mÄ tI-c-f-¯n kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡p¶Xv \m-j-W tÌm-¡v F-Iv-kv-tN-©pw, aÄ-«n I-t½m-Un-än F-Iv-kv-tN-©pw (mcx-sx) BWv. A-hÀ hnhn-[ \-K-c-§fn ap³-Iq-«n {]-Jym-]n-¨v ¢m-kv kw-LSn-¸n-¡p¶p. ^o-sk-{X-bmWv? B-Zy-am-bn Hm¬-sse³ ]-co-£bn ]-s¦-Sp-¡p-hm³ 1250/þ cq-]-bm-Wv ^o-kmbn NISM hm-§p-¶-Xv. F-¶m kÀ-«n-^n¡-äv doþhm-en-tU-äv sN-bv-sXSp-¡p-hm³, AYhm CPE bn ]-s¦-Sp¡p-hm³ 2000/þcq-] ^okv \Â-IWw (`£-Ww DÄ-s¸-sS).

BÀ-s¡ms¡ CPE h-gn k-À-«n-^n¡-äv e-`n-¡pw? ap¼p ]-d-ªXp-t]m-se kÀ-«n-^n-¡änsâ Expiry date A-Sp-¯-hÀ-¡v ]-s¦Sp-¡mw. F-¶m expiry date I-gn-ª kÀ-«n-^n¡-äv C-¯-c-¯n revalidate sN-¿m-\m-InÃ. H-cp kv-täm-¡v -t{_m-¡-dnsâ Io-gn "Hm-X-ssd-kv-Uv t]-gv-k¬' (Authorised Person) B-bn c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-bvXn-«p-Å-hÀ-¡pw, CXn-\p-]p-dsa 53 hbÊv ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡n-bn-«p-Å FÃm \n-t£]-IÀ¡pw CPE t{]m-{Km-an ]-s¦-Sp¯v hn-e-tbdn-b kÀ-«n-^n¡-äv kz-´-am-¡mw.

C-¯-c-¡mÀ-¡v B-Zys¯ Hm¬-sse³ sS-kv-äv B-h-iy-anÃ. an-\n-aw Izm-fn-^nt¡-j\pw CÃ.

CPE t{]m-{Km-an ]-co-£-bp-t≠m?

H-cp G-IZn-\ ¢m-ÊmWv CPE ]-cn-]m Sn. lm-PÀ \nÀ-_-Ôam-b Cu ¢mÊns\m-Sp-hn \Â-I-s¸-Sp-¶ H-cp e-Lp tNm-Zymh-en ]q-cn-¸n-¨p \ÂIWw. A-Xv A-{X- I-Sp-¸-am-hnÃ, t]m-sc-¦n ]-co-£m skâ-dn-teXp-t]m-ep-Å ImÀ¡iyw D-≠m-hp-I-bp-anÃ. ]-s¦-Sp-¡m³ F-s´m-s¡ tc-J-IÄ B-h-iyw?

53 h-b-kn-\p ap-I-fn {]m-b-ap-Å-

hÀ¡v (Ch-sc {Kmâ v^m-ZÀ AY-hm A-¸p-¸³ F-¶mWv NISM hn-fn-¡p-¶Xv! C-hÀ "{Kmâ v-^m-ZÀ kv-Iow' h-gn-bm-Wv ]-s¦-Sp-¡p-¶-Xv.) c-≠v ]mkv-t]mÀ-«v ssk-kv t^m-t«m-Ifpw ]m³-ImÀ-Uv H-dnPn-\epw H-cp tIm-¸nbpw Iq-Sm-sX 2000cq-]-bp-sS Un-amâ v {Um-^väpw B-h-iyw.

Hm-X-ssd-kv-Uv t]-gvk¬, t{_m¡n-wKv I-¼-\n-bp-sS U-b-dÎÀ, knCH, {^m-ss©-kn- HmWÀ (_n-kn\-kv Atkm-kn-tb-äv) F-¶n-hÀ-¡v C-Xn-\p ]p d-sa a-äp c-≠p \nÝnX t^m-d-§Ä IqSn B-h-iy-amWv. AXn-sem-¶v H-cp NmÀ-t«-Uv F-¡u-≠â v km-£y-s¸-Spt¯-≠-XmWv. (sanilkumar@acmlmail.com A-Iyp-sa³ Iym-¸n-ä amÀ¡-äv en-an-ä-Un-sâ s{S-bn-\nw-Kv hn-`m-Kw ta-[m-hn-bm-Wv te-JI³)

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20 hÀ-j-sa-¦nepw th-Ww \-sÃm-cp t]-cv k-¼m-Zn¡m³; ]-t£, A-Xp \-in-¸n-¡p-hm³ tI-h-ew 5 an-\p-äv a-Xn-bm-Ipw. C-Xv \n-§Ä Nn-´n-¨m Im-cy§Ä hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn sN-¿m³ {i-an-¡pw.

B-sc-¦n-epw H-cm-Ä a-c-¯-W-en C-cn-¡p-¶p-s≠¦n A-Xn-\pw F{Xtbm ap¼v a-säm-cmÄ a-cw \-«ncn-¡Ww. Po-hn-X¯n- {]-[m-\-s¸-« c-≠p hy-h-Ø-I-fm-WpÅXv. H-¶v ]-Ww sh-dp-sX \-ã-s¸-Sp-¯-cp-Xv, c-≠v H-¶ma-s¯ hy-h-Ø H-cn-¡epw a-d-¡-cpXv. ]-Ww F-¶m \n-§Ä hm-§p-hm³ sIm-Sp-¡p-¶ Xp-I-bmWv. F-¶m F´mtWm \n-§Ä-¡v In«p¶-Xv A-Xm-Wv aq-eyw. \n-§Ä sN-¿p¶-Xv F-s´-¶v \n-§Ä A-dn-bm-sX C-cn-¡p-t¼m-gmWv A]-I-S km[y-X I-S-¶p-h-cp¶Xv. \n-§Ä-¡v a-\-kn-em-Im-¯ hy-h-km-b-¯n- ]-Ww ap-S-¡-cpXv. H-cp kw-cw-`-¯n-sâ D-S-a-Ø-h-Im-iw 10 hÀ-j-w sIm-≠pt]m-Ip¶-Xv kp-c-£n-X-a-sÃ-¶p I-≠m 10 an-\näv t]mepw A-Xn-sâ D-S-a-Ø-\m-bn C-cn-¡cpXv. A-km-[m-c-Wam-bn F-s´-¦nepw sN-bv-Xm am-{Xta A-km-[m-c-Wam-b ^-ew e-`n-¡q-sh¶v Nn´n-t¡-≠-XnÃ. an-I-¨ I¼-\n D-Nn-Xamb hn-e-bn hm-§n-¡p-¶-Xns\-¡mÄ \Ã-Xv D-Nn-Xam-b I¼-\n an-I-¨ hn-ebn hm-§p-¶-XmWv. _n-kn\-kv \à co-Xn-bn-em-Wv t]m-Ip-¶-sX-¦n- Hm-l-cnbpw A-´n-a-ambn A-tX- ]m-X ]n-´p-S-cpw. hen-b Xn-c-IÄ t]m-Ip-t¼mÄ A-dnbmw B-scm-s¡bm-Wv \-á-cm-bn \o-´p-¶-sX¶v. ]Waà a\pjys\ krjv-Sn-¡p-¶Xv, adn¨va\pjy³ ]Ws¯bmWv- kr-ãn-¡p¶Xv.

Hml-cn I-t¼m-f-¯n- A-Ûp-X-§Ä Im-Wn-¨ hy-h-km-bn, 2008se temI tIm-Soiz-c ]-«n-I-bn- H-¶m-a³, 2011, 2012 hÀ-j-§-fnse A-Xnk-¼-¶-cn aq-¶m-a³F-¶n§s\ hm-d³ _-s^-än-sâ hn-ti-j-W§Ä G-sd-bm-Wv. 11þmw h-b-kn Hm-lcn I-t¼m-f-¯n F-¯n-b A-t±-lw ]-Sn-]-Sn-bmbm-Wv h-fÀ-¨-bn-te-s¡-¯n-bXv. C¶v 83þmw h-b-knepw {]m-b-s¯bpw tcm-K-s¯-bpw tXmÂ-¸n¨p-sIm-≠v kwcw-`I ]m-X-bn ap-t¶-dp-¶ hm-d³ _-s^-än-s\-bm-Wv _n-kn\-kv eo-tU-gv-kv C¯hW ]-cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xv

XpS¡w

tlm-

hmÀ-Uv, se-bve Z-¼-Xn-I-fp-sS a-I-\m-bn 1930\m-bn-cp-¶p hm-d³ _-s^-äv P-\n-¨Xv. Ip-«n-¡mew sXmt« Hm-l-cn hn-]-Wn-bn I¼w tXm¶n-b _s^-äv 11þmw h-b-kn BZy Hmlcn hm§n-. A-XpXs¶ hfsc ssh-In--t¸m-sb-¶m-Wv A-t±-lw ]n-¶oSv ]-d-ªXv. hq-t{Um hnÂ-k¬ ssl-kv-Iq-fn-em-bn-cp-¶p _-s^änsâ {]m-Yan-I hn-Zym-`ym-kw. ]Tn-¡p-¶ Im-ewsXmt« A-bmÄ A-¡§-tfm-Sp Iq-Sp-X a-a-X ]p-eÀ-¯n. km-[m-c-W hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ sN-¿p-hm³ a-Sn-Im-Wn-¡p-¶ I-W-¡p-Ifpw k-aÀ-°-am-bn sN-bv-Xv hn-Zym-e-b Po-hn-X¯nepw hm-d³ _-s^äv A-Ûp-X-§Ä XoÀ-¯p. 1947 hq-t{Um hnÂ-k¬ ssl-kv-Iq-fn \n-¶p ]-Sn-bn-d-§pt¼mÄ _-s^äv Ip-dn-¨n-«n-cp¶p, I-W-¡pI-sf C-ã-s¸Sp-¶ Xm³ H-cp sj-bÀ t{_m-¡À B-I-W-sa¶v. I-W-

¡p-IÄ Iq-«nbpw Ip-d¨pw ]n-¶oSv Hml-cn hn-]-Wn-bn-se A-Xn-Im-b-\m-bn A-bmÄ h-fÀ¶p.

hy-h-km-b-¯n-te-¡v hf-sc sN-dp-¸wsXm-t« A-Ñsâ-sbm-¸w t{_m-¡nw-Kv Øm-]-\-§fn t]m-Iphm³ _s^-äv D-Õm-lw Im-«n-bncp-¶p. 10 h-b-Êp-Å-t¸mÄ \yq-tbmÀ-¡v kv-täm-¡v F-Ivtk©pw A-t±lw k-µÀ-in-¨n-cp-¶p. k-a-{]m-b-¡mÀ I-fn¨pw Nn-cn¨pw ]Tn-¨pw \-S-¡p-t¼mÄ 11þmw h-bkn kn-än kÀ-ho-kn \n¶v Bdp Hm-l-cn-IÄ kz-´-am¡ns¡m-≠v Hml-cn-hn-]-Wn-bn lcn{io Ipdn¨p. aq¶p Hm-l-cn-IÄ k-tlm-Z-cn-¡pw aq¶p Hm-l-cn-IÄ X-\n-¡pam-bn-«m-Wv _s^-äv kz-´-am-¡n-b-Xv. A-Xn-\p ti-jw 13 h-b-Ên sNdn-b co-Xn-bn hy-h-km-bw B-cw-`n-¨-p. ho-Sp-ho-Sm-´-cw I-b-dn-bn-d-§n \yq-kv-t¸-¸-dpw Nyq-bn-wK hpw hn-äv kz-´-am-bn H-cp Ir-jn-bn-Sw kz-´-am-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. 1951 a-p-X 54 h-sc-bp-Å Im-e-L-«-¯n _s^-äv B³Uv t^mÄ-¡v F-¶ t]-cn ]mÀ-SvWÀjn-¸n I-¼\n, 1954 ap-X 56 h-sc {Klmw \yqam³ tImÀ-¸v F-¶ I-¼-\n-bnÂ, 1956 -apX 69 h-sc sk-Iyq-cn-än A-\-enÌm-bn _-s^-äv ]mÀ-Sv-WÀ-jn-¸v en-an-ä-UnÂ. ]n-¶o-Smbn-cp¶p _ÀIv-sjbÀ l-Xm-th F-¶ t]-cn I¼-\n B-cw-`n-¡p-¶-Xv. ]n-¶o-Sv A-t§m-«v _-s^-än-sâ bp-Kw B-cw-`n-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. s_©an³ {K-lm-am-bp-Å Iq-Sn-¡m-gv-Nb -- m-bn-cp¶p A-t±-l-¯nsâ Po-hn-X-¯n \nÀ-Wm-b-I-am-bXv. aqeym[njvTnX \nt£]coXnbpsS D]ÚmXmhmb s_©an³ {Klman \n-¶v DÄ-s¡m-≠ ]mT-§Ä {]m-hÀ-¯n-Iam-¡p-¶-Xn A-t±-lw hn-P-bn-¨p.

\-bX-{´-Ú-\m-b hy-h-kmbn ho-«n kz-´-am-bn H-cp I-¼yq-«À t]m-ep-anÃm¯,

sam-ss_ t^m¬ D-]-tbm-Kn-¡m-sX _n-kn\-kv apt¶m-«p sIm-≠pt]m-Ip-¶ kn-C-H B-Wv _ps^äv. _ ÀIv-sjbÀ lXmthbpsS Io-gn C¶v 63 I¼-\n-I-fp≠v. CXn H¶nsâ t]mepw kn-CHsb FÃmbv-t]mgpw t^mWn hnfn¡pItbm aoänwKpIÄ hnfn¡pItbm A-t±-lw sN-¿m-dnÃ. hÀj¯n Hcp Is¯-gp-Xn B hÀjs¯ e£yw F´mbncn¡Ww F¶v- Adn-bn¡p-I-bm-Wv sN¿p-I. {]-[m-\-s¸-« c-≠p \nÀ-tZ-i-§fm-Wv A-t±-lw I-¯n-eqsS \Â-IpI. H¶v- - \½psS Øm]\¯n ]Ww apS¡p¶hÀ¡v- \jv-Sw hcm³ A\phZn¡cpXv-. c-≠v H-¶ma-s¯ Imcyw H-cn-¡epw a-d¡-cpXv. I-tÃ-¸n-fÀ-¡p-¶ B-Ú-I-fp-sS A-`m-h-¯nepw Cu c-≠p X-Xz-§Ä ]m-en-¡p-hm³ _ÀIv-sjbÀ l-Xmth¡p km-[n-¡p-¶p F-¶n-S-¯m-Wv _-s^än-sâ \-b-X{´Ú-X {]-I-S-am-Ip¶Xv.

e-fnXw Cu bm{X A-ta-cn-¡-bn Haml \Kca[y-¯n-se 50 hÀ-jw ]-g-¡-apÅ, aq¶p ap-dn-IÄ am-{X-apÅ sIm¨pho-«n Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶ hm-d³ _-s^-än\v Po-h-Im-cpWy {]-hÀ¯-I³ F-¶pw hn-ti-j-W-ap≠v. BÀ-`mS-§-tfm-Sv XmÂ-¸-cy-anÃmsX, {_m³-Up-I-Ä-¡v hn-t[-b-\-Im-sX Xn-I-¨pw km-[m-c-W-¡m-cn km-[m-cW-¡m-c-\m-bm-Wv A-t±-l-¯nsâ Po-hn-Xw. Im-tdm-Sn-¡m³ ss{U-hÀ CÃ, c-£n-¡m³ t_m-Un-KmÀ-Uv CÃ. X-\n-¡p th-≠n am{Xw NmÀ-t«-≠v hn-am-\-§Ä D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶- ]-Xn-hpw _-s^än-\nÃ. h-cp-am-\-¯n-sâ \-sÃm-cp ]-¦v Po-h-Im-cp-Wy {]-hÀ¯-\-§Ä-¡mbn Cu hy-h-km-bn- am-än-h-bv-¡p¶p.

C-sXÃmw sIm-≠m-I-Ww _-s^-än-sâ B-cm-[-I-cn _nÂ-tK-äv-kv t]mepw D-Ä-s¸-Sp-¶Xv. efn-X Po-hn-X-¯nsâbpw Po-hIm-cp-Wy-¯n-sâ-bpw ]m-X ]n-´p-S-cp-hm³ a-äp hy-h-km-bn-I-tfm-Sv A-`yÀ-°n-¡p-hm-\pw A-t±-lw X-bm-dmbn.

11

hnZymÀ-°n- kw-cw-`I-sc tX-Sn tI-c-f-¯n-se

kwcw-`-IXzw

Fd-Wm-Ipfw alm-cm-Pmkv

tIm-tfPv

kwcw-`-§fpw kv-ämÀ-«vA¸pIfpw Fw-_nF, F-³Pn-\o-b-dnw-Kv hn-ZymÀ-Yn-IÄ-¡p am-{Xap-Å-Xm-sW-¶p I-cp-Xp-¶hsc Xncp-¯m³ F-d-Wm-Ip-fw a-lm-cm-Pm-kv tIm-sfPn-se t_m«-Wn hn-`m-K-¯n- \n-s¶mcp am-XrI. ¢m-kv-ap-dn-bn \n¶vv Iym-w]-kn-te-¡p hym-]n-¡p-¶ ]m-tTy-X-c {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä ImÀ-jn-I-ta-J-e-bnse kzm-{i-b-Xz-¯nte¡p-Å Np-h-Sp-h-bv-¸p-I-fmIpI-bmWv CsI \yqkv_yqtdm

\m Ä tXmdpw h-f-cp-¶ a-lm-\-K-c-¯n-\p-Ån ]-¨-¸n-sâ H-cp Xp-cp¯p-t]m-se cm-PIo-b I-em-ebw,

F-d-Wm-Ipfw a-l-cm-Pm-kv. H-cp \q-äm-≠n-te-sd-bm-bn tIc-f-¯n-sâ I-em-kmw-kv-Imcn-I ta-J-e-bnepw hn-Zym-`ymk-cw-K¯pw a-lm-cm-Pm-hn-s\-t¸m-se X-e-bp-bÀ-¯n \n Â-¡p¶ tImfPn-sâ hn-ZymÀ-°ns¸cp-a hm-t\m-f-amWv. Cu s]-cp-a-I-fn-te-¡v H-tc-Sv Iq-Sn F-gp-Xn-t¨À-¡p-hm\p-Å {i-a-¯n-em-Wv C-hn-Ss¯ t_m«-Wn hn-`mKw. cm-{ão-b- km-ln-Xy- aÞ-e-§-fn-te-t¡m kn-\n-abpw kv-t]mÀ-Svkpw t]m-ep-Å ¥m-aÀ- X-«-I-§-fn-tet¡m AÃ, Ir-jn-bp-sS A-\-´-km-[y-X-I-fn-te-¡m-Wv Ip-«nI-sf A[ym-]-IÀ £-Wn-¡p-¶-Xv. A-h-K-W-\-bp-sS \n-g- hoWp-In-S-¡p¶ ImÀjn-I cw-K-s¯ D-WÀ-¯n-sb-Sp-¡m-\p Å hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fpsS ]p-Xp{ia-s¯ ]-cn-N-b-s¸-Sp¯pI-bm-Wv F-aÀ-Pn-Mv tI-c-f. sXm-gn km-[y-X-bpw kw-cw-`-I km-[y-X-bpw Gsdbp-Å ta-J-e-bm-Wv t_m-«-Wn. tI-c-f-¯n ImÀjn-IwK-¯p am-{X-am-bn 56Hm-fw kwØm-\ kÀ-¡mÀ Øm-]-\-§-fp-≠v. C-Xn-\p]p-dta, tI-{µ K-h¬-saâ v Øm-]-\-§fpw K-h¬-saân-X-c Øm-]-\-§-fpw. kÀ¡mÀ G-ähpw Iq-Sp-X ^-≠v A-\p-h-Zn-¡p-¶Xpw tem¬ A-\p-h-Zn-¡p-¶Xpw ImÀjn-I ta-J-e-bn-emWv. G-ähpw Iq-Sp-X hy-hkm-b ]mÀ-¡p-IÄ A-\p-h-Zn¡-s¸-«n-«p-ÅXpw `-£y-kw-kv-I-c-W-ta-J-e-bn-emWv. G-ähpw Iq-Sp-X K-th-j-W-{]-_-Ô-§Ä ]p-d-¯p-hcp-¶Xpw Ir-jn-bp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«p-X-s¶. F-¶m A-sXm¶pw th-≠-hn-[w {]-tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-¯m-¯-h-cm-Wv \-ap-¡n-S-bn Iq-Sp-X-epw. t_m-«-Wn-bnse sXm-gnÂ-km[y-X-IÄ t]m-epw Ir-Xy-am-bn A-dn-bm-¯ hn-ZymÀ-Yn-I-Ä tI-c-f-¯n-ep-≠v. F-s´-¦nep-sam-cp tPmen am{Xw e-£yan-Sp-¶ hn-ZyÀ-Yn-Ifpw [m-cmfw.

Cu a-t\m-`m-h-¯n-\p am-äw h-cp-¯m\pw Ip-«n-I-fn-Ifn ImÀ-jn-Im-`n-apJyw h-fÀ-¯m-\p-amWv a-lm-cm-Pmkn-se t_m«-Wn hn-`m-K-w A[ym-]-I-cpsS A-`n-\-µ-\mÀ -l-am-b Cu {i-a-§Ä. ]mT-]p-kv-X-I-¯n-se A-dn-hv G-sXm-s¡ X-e-¯n {]m-tbm-Kn-I-am¡mw F-¶p-Iq-Sn C-Xn-eqsS Ip-«n-IÄ Xn-cn-¨-dn-bp-¶p. Iymw]-kn-\p-Ån kz-´-ambn Ir-jn sN-bvXpw Ir-jn-tbm-SpÅ B-`n-ap-Jyw h-fÀ-¯n-bpw tIm-sf-Pn-\p-ÅnÂX-s¶ H-cp ImÀjn-I kw-kv-Im-cw C-h-À sI-«n-¸-Sp-¡p-¶p. tIm-sf-Pn-\p-Ån-se Im-Sp-]n-Sn-¨p In-S¶ -- Øe-§Ä hr-¯n-bm-¡n Ir-jn-¡v D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. BZyw I-¸-bpw ]n-¶o-Sv Iq-Wpw, Xp-SÀ¶v s\Ãpw ]-co-£-W A-Sn-Øm-\-¯n hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fp-sS taÂ-t\m-«-¯n Ir-jn sN-bv-Xp. C-sXÃmw hn-P-b-am-b-tXmsS A-Xph-sc Ir-jn-sb-¶p tI-«m a-Sn-¨p\n-¶ hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ hsc Irjn-tbm-Sv B-`n-apJyw Im-«n-¯p-S-§n.

Ir-jn-sb¶-Xv IÀ-j-IÀ¡pw [m-cm-fw Ø-e-ap-ÅhÀ¡pw ]-d-ªn-«p-Å-Xm-sW¶ ]-Xn-hp k-¦Â-¸§-sf am-än-sb-Sp-¡m³ B-Zy-L-«w D-]-I-cn¨p. B-{K-l-ap-s≠¦n BÀ-¡pw sN-¿m-³ I-gn-bp-¶ H-¶m-Wn-sX-¶p Ip-«nIÄ a-\-kn-em¡n. A-Xn-sâ ^-e-ambn kz-´w B-h-iy¯n-\p-Å- ]-¨-¡-dnIÄ kz-´-am-bn \-«p-h-fÀ-¯m-\p-Å

12

{i-ahpw A-h-cp-sS `m-K-¯p-\n-¶p-≠m-bn.

Iymw]kn-se Ir-jn-bn-S-¯n \q-tdm-fw ]-¨-¡-dnIÄ Ir-jn-bp-sS km[y-X-IÄ a-\-kn-em¡p-¶ Hcp hn-ZymÀ°n k-aql-s¯ kr-ãn-¡p-hm-\p-Å Xp-SÀ{i-a-§m-Wv C-¶n-hnsS \-S-¡p-¶Xv. kzm-{i-b-Xz-t¯msSm¸w hym-h-km-bn-I km-[y-X-Ifpw A-hÀ a-\-kn-em-¡p¶p. btimdmw N-mcn-ä_Ä {S-kv-än-sâ B-`n-ap-Jy¯n Iymw-]-kn-\ I¯v t{Im¸v sdm-t«j³ Irjnco-Xn-bn- Np-cp§n-b Øe-¯v henb tXm-Xn ssP-h-Ir-jn B-cw-`n¨n-cn-¡p-I-bmWv. \qdn-te-sd ]-¨-¡-dn-IÄ c-≠p t¹m-«p-I-fn-em-bn Ip-«n-IÄ \-«p-h-fÀ¯p¶p. D-Ån, _o-ävdq-«v, Iym-cäv, dm-Unjv, tIzm-fn-^v-f-hÀ XpS§n-b A-]qÀ-h C-\§fpw hm-g-, I-¸-, -No-c-, IqÀ¡, h-gp-X-\-, X-¡m-fn, tN-\, tN¼v, Im-¨nÂ, a-¯, C-©n, apf-Iv XpS-§nb ]-cnNn-X C-\-§fpw hn-ZymÀ-°nIÄ B-tLm-j-t¯m-sS Ir-jn sN-¿p¶p. \-\-bv-¡p-¶Xpw h-f-an-Sp-¶Xpw Ip-«n-IÄ X-s¶. ssP-h-am-en-\y-§Ä C-h-bv¡p -h-f-am-Ip-¶-p.

Ip-«n-IÄ sIm-≠p-h-cp-¶ D-¨-`-£-W-¯n _m-¡nbm-bXvv sN-Sn-I-fp-sS Np-h-«n-emWv C-Sp-¶Xv. Hm-tcm Zn-hk-hpw G-tX-Xp sN-Sn-IÄ¡v Cu h-fw C-S-W-sa-¶pÅ \nÀ-tZ-i-§Ä Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v \Â-In-bn-«p≠v. am-en-\y-§Ä a-®n\pw sN-Sn-IÄ¡pw h-f-am-Ip-¶-tXm-sSm-¸w Np-äp-]m -Spw hr-¯n-bmbn kq-£n-¡m\pw C-Xp-aq-ew km-[n-¡p¶p. FÃm-änepw D-]-cn-bmbn, C-\n H-cÂ-¸w Ø-ew I-s≠¯n Ir-jn sN-¿mw F-¶ Nn´bn-te-¡v hnZymÀ-°n k-aq-l-¯n-sâ a-\-kv ]-dn-¨p \-Sp-hm\pw Cu DZya¯n-\p km-[n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ImÀ-jn-I- ]m-c-¼-cy-ap-ÅhÀ Ir-jnsb hy-mh-km-bn-Im-Sn-Øm-\¯n k-ao-]n¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨pw Nn-´n-¨p Xp-S-§n-bn-cn-¡p¶p. a-lm-cm-Pm-kn-se t_m-«Wn hn-`m-Kw ta-[m-hnbpw

A-tkm-kn-tb-äv s{]m-^-k-dpamb FÂ-k½ tPmk-^v A-d-bv-¡-en-sâ A-`n-{]m-b {]-Imcw C-sXm-cp {i-a-am-Wv, ]-cnØn-Xn-bn-te-¡pw \-½psS X\-Xp kw-kv-Im-c-¯nte¡pw a-S§n-t¸m-Ip-hm-\p-Å {i-aw. "k-l-{]-hÀ-¯-Icp-sSbpw hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fp-sSbpw ]qÀ-W ]n-´p-W DÅ-Xn\m hn-P-bn-¡p-sa-¶ B-ßhn-izm-k-hp-ap-≠v. Iymw]kn-\p-Ån A-h-km-\n-¡p-¶ H-cp t{]m-P-Iväà C-Xv. Ip-«nIfn ]-ecpw ho-Sp-I-fn Ir-jn B-cw-`n-¨n-«p-≠v. hn-f-hp-IÄ In-«n-¯p-S-§p-t¼mÄ XmÂ-¸cyw hÀ-[n-¡pw.

A-Xn-\m `m-hn-bnepw ChÀ Ir-jn Xp-S-À-t¶-¡mw. kw-cw-`w F-¶ \n-ebn ssP-h-Irjn, sSd-kv Irjn, A-Izm-IÄ-¨À, A-tIz-dnbw, Snjyp IÄ-¨À, sk-dnIĨÀ, tlmÀ-«n IÄ-¨À, ^v-tfmdn IĨÀ, I-«v ^v-fhÀ, HmÀ-W-saâ KmÀ-U³-kv, tlmw-KmÀ-U³kv, t{Im-¸v sd-t«m-j³ Xp-S§n-b \n-ch-[n ta-J-e-I-fn \n-ch[n A-h-k-c-ap-≠v." So-¨À ]-d-bp¶p.

C-¶v ]q-¡r-jn-bpw a-äp `-£yhn-f-I-fpw X-an-gv-\m«nepw a-äp Nn-e kw-Øm-\-§-fn-epw A-\h-[n t]-cp-sS Po-h-t\m-[m-]m-[n-bm-Wv, h-en-sbm-cp hy-h-km-b-hpw.

e Iym-w]-kp-I-fn-eq-sS H-cp bm-{X...

FÂ-k½ tPmk-^v

A-tkm. s{]m-^kÀ, t_m-«Wn Un¸mÀ«vsaâ v slUv

hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fp-sS A-`n-{]m-b-§-fn-eqsS h-en-b ImÀ-jn-I ]m-c-¼-cyw A-h-Im-i-s¸-Sm-\n-sÃ-¦nepw Ir-jn-sb Rm³ kv-t\-ln-¡p¶p. ho-«n sNdn-b co-Xn-bn Ir-jn sN-bv-Xp Xp-S§n. Ir-jn sN-¿p-hm³ `q-an-bn-sÃ-¶p-ÅXm-Wv hm-kv-Xhw. hen-b hn-e-bv-¡v Ø-ew hm-§n Ir-jn sN-bv-Xm km-¼-¯n-I-am-bn sa-¨-ap≠mInÃ. A\p-tbm-Py-amb `q-an e-`n-¨m hn-]p-e-am-bn Ir-jn sN-¿-W-sa¶pw h-cp-am-\amÀ-K-am-¡-W-sa-¶p≠v. enUn-b tj-_ (H¶mw hÀ-j _n-cp-Z hn-ZymÀ-°n\n)

F-¶m tI-c-f-¯n Øn-Xn a-dn-¨mWv. AXp-sIm-≠p X-s¶ Ir-jn-sb hy-mh-km-bn-I-am-bn Im-tW-≠-Xn-sâ B-h-iy-I-X C-hÀ Xn-cn-¨-dn-bp-¶p≠v. _n-F-kvknþFw-Fkvkn hn-`m-K-¯n-em-bn C-¶v 111 hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ C-hn-sS t_m«Wn ]Tn-¡p-¶p. C-h-scÃmw tIm-f-Pn-se ssP-h-Irjn-bn ]-¦m-fn-I-fmWv. A-Xn¯s¶ G-I-tZ-iw 30 i-X-am-\w t]À kz-´-am-bn ho-Sp-I-fn Ir-jn sN-¿p-¶p.

C-Xn 10 i-X-am-\-t¯m-fw hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ H-cp kw-cw-`w F-¶ \n-e-bn Ir-jnsb Im-Wp-¶-h-cmWv.

em-`-¯n-\m-bn cm-k-Ir-jn sN-¿nà G-sXm-cp kw-cw-`-am-sW-¦nepw A-Xn-\v kzo-I-cn-¡mhp-¶ H-¶n-e-[n-Iw co-Xn-I-fp-≠m-Ipw. F-¶m i-cn-bmbXpw A\p-tbm-Pyam-b-Xpamb co-Xn am-{X-ta hn-Pbn¡p-I-bp-Åp. Cu Xn-cn-¨-dn-hp-Å hn-ZymÀ-°nIfm-Wv a-lm-cm-Pm-kn-se t_m«-Wn hn-`m-K-¯n-\pÅXv. C¶s¯ ^m-kv-äv ^p-Uv, Pw-Kv ^p-Uv kw-kv-Im-c-¯n hnj-anÃm-¯ X\-Xp `-£-W-§Ä-¡v B-h-iy-¡m-cp-s≠-¶ Xn-cn-¨-dn-hv hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fn G-sd B-ß-hn-izm-kw krãn-¡p¶p. Iq-Sq-X em-`w t\-Sm³ cm-k-Ir-jn-bn-te-¡p \o§p-tam-sb¶ tNm-Zy-¯n\v hy-àam-b Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-Å kw-cw-`-I-sc-t¸m-sebpw a-®n-s\ kv-t\-ln-¡p-¶ IÀ-j-Isc-t¸m-se-bpw hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fn- ]-e-cpw a-dp]Sn \Â-In. cm-k-Ir-jn-bp-sS tZm-j-§-sf- Ip-dn¨pw ssP-hIr-jn-bpsS \-·-I-sf Ip-dn-¨pw hy-àam-b Im-gv-N-¸m-Sv A-hÀ¡p≠v. "ssP-h-Ir-jn sN-bv-Xm B-Zy-L-«-¯n Ipd-¨p \-ã-§Ä D-≠m-tb-¡mw. hn-fhvv Ip-d-tª-¡mw. F-¶m Im-e-{I-taW em-`-I-c-am-bn h-cpw. Ir-jn-bn-d¡pw tXmdpw a-®n-sâ h-f-¡q-dv IqSpw. Io-S \n-b-{´-Whpw aäpw ]-cn]m-e-\-¯n-eq-sS D-d-¸m-¡mw. F-¶m cm-k-Ir-jn B-ZyL-«-¯n sNe-hp Ip-d-ªXpw em-`w Iq-Sp-X \Â-Ip¶-Xp-amWv. c≠mw hÀ-jw XpS-§n ]n-¶n-Sp-Å Hmtcm hÀ-j-hpw cm-kh-fw ap-¼pÅ-Xn-t\-¡mÄ Iq-Sp-X- D-]-tbm-Kn-t¡-≠n h-cpw. A-Xv H-cp kw-cw-`I-s\ kw-_Ôn-¨p Kp-W-I-c-aÃ. Ir-jn-bp-sS tim-j-W-¯n-\pw Ir-jn\-ã-am-Ip-¶-Xn\pw cm-k-Irjn Im-c-W-am-Ipw. kw-cw-`-I\m-Ip-hm³ B-{K-ln-¡p-hÀ-¡v ssP-hImÀ-jn-Ico-Xn-bm-Wv {]-tbm-P-\Icw. tIm-f-Pn \n-¶p A-Xp ]Tn-¡m-\mbXv `m-Ky-am-bm-Wv R§Ä Im-Wp¶Xv. ssP-h ImÀ-jn-Ico-Xn ]n-´p-S-cp¶-Xp-sIm-≠v imkv-{X-t¯m-Spw ]p-Xn-b Ime-s¯ ioe-§-tfmSpw hn-S-]-d-ªn-«p-Å H-cp hn-`m-K-am-bn Im-tW-≠-XnÃ. im-kv-{X-¯n-sâ Kp-Whpw tZm-jhpw I-≠-dn-ªv Kp-W-ap-Å Im-cy§Ä Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡p-¶ \-hbp-K IÀ-j-I-cmbn R§-sf hn-e-bn-cp-¯mw." Sn-jyq IĨÀ em-_v tIm-tf-Pn- F-{X-bpw th-Kw bm-YmÀ-°y-am-I-W-sa-¶ B-{K-lhpw ChÀ ]-¦p-h-bv-¡p¶p.

F-aÀ-Pn-Mv tI-c-f Sow a-l-cm-Pm-kn F-¯p-t¼mgpw a-S-§p-t¼mgpw hm-²ymÀ km-dn-s\ I-≠n-«nÃ. A-t±lw Cu tIm-tf-Pn-sâ `m-K-hp-aÃ. C-t±lw am-t\-Pnw-Kv {S-kv-än-bmb b-timdmw Nm-cn-ä-_nÄ {S-kv-än-sâ B-`n-ap-Jy-¯n-em-Wv C-hn-sS ssP-hIr-jn sN-¿p-¶-Xv. hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fn ImÀjnIt_m-[w h-fÀ-¯n-b-Xn A[ym-]IÀ-s¡m-¸w C-t±-l-¯n\pw sN-dp-XÃm-¯ ]-¦p-≠v. sX§pw am-hpw, Nm-¼-¡-bpw k-t¸mÀ-«bpw ap-f-¸n-¨v, X-sâ ho-Snsâ sNdn-b sS-d-Ên-s\ hen-sbmcp Ir-jn-bn-S-am¡n hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fn A-Ûp-Xw kr-ãn-¨ hm-²ymÀ kmÀ C-hcn h-cp¯n-b am-äw sN-dp-XÃ. t]m-kn-äohm-b B -am-äw `m-hn-bnepw hn-ZymÀ-YnI-sf ImÀjn-I kw-kv-Im-ct¯m-Sv tNÀ-¯p \nÀ-¯p-sa-¶ {]-Xo-£-bn-em-Wv A-[ym-]-IÀ.

ho-«n sN-dp-Xm-bn Ir-jn sN--¿p¶p≠v. ssP-h-Ir-jn-¡m-Wv ap³-Xq-¡w \Â-Ip-¶Xv. tIm-tf-Pn \n-¶p ssP-hIr-jn-bp-sS \n-ch-[n Im-cy-§Ä ]Tn-¨p. AXp-sIm-≠p X-s¶ Ir-jn-sb kv-t\-ln-¡p-¶ H-cp a-\-kp-≠m-bn. ]T-\w I-gn-ªm H-cp tPm-en-sb-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p C-Xp-h-sc-bpÅ e£yw. F-¶m Ir-jn-sb H-cp kw-cw-`-am-bn I-≠v h-cp-am-\w D-≠m¡W-sa-¶v B-{K-l-ap≠v. F-¶m A-Xn-\p th-≠n sN-t¿-≠ -Im-cy-§sf-¡p-dn-¨v Iq-Sp-X-em-bn A-dn-tb-≠-Xp≠v. tKm]n-I sI F³ (H¶mw hÀ-j _n-cp-Z hn-ZymÀ-°n\n) ImÀ-jnI ]m-c-¼-cy-ap-Å- Ip-Sw-_-¯n \n-¶m-Wv Rm³ h-cp¶Xv. Be-¸p-g-bn-em-Wv hoSv. A-¸q-¸³ G-¡-dp I-W-¡n-\p `q-an-bn Ir-jn sN-bv-Xn-cp¶p. F-¶m ]n-¶o-Sv sXm-gn-em-fnI-sf In-«m-XmhpIbpw Ir-jn \n-e-bv-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿vXp. C-¶v ho-«n tdmkpw apÃbpw a-äpw sNdn-b co-Xn-bn Ir-jn sN-¿p-¶p. hy-h-km-bn-I-am-bn D-]tbm-Kn-¡p-¶nÃ. a-dn-¨v A-¼-e-§-fn sIm-Sp-¡p-I-bm-Wv ]-Xn-hv.

Ir-jn-bp-sS _m-e-]mT-§Ä A-dnª-Xv ap-¯-Ñ-\n \n-¶m-Wv. kv-IqÄ ]T-\ Im-e¯vv kv-Iq-fnse A-{Kn-IĨÀ ¢-ºp-am-bn tNÀ-¶v ]mS-¯v Ir-jn-bn-dn-¡n hn-f-sh-Sp-¯n-«p-≠v. -H-cp A-{KnIĨÀ Hm-^o-k-dm-bn ImÀjn-I ta-J-e-bn henb kw-`mh-\-IÄ \Â-Ip-I, kv-IqÄ-X-e-¯n¯-s¶ Ip-«n-I-fn-I-fn Irjn-tbm-Sp-Å B-`n-apJyw h-fÀ¯p-I, ImÀ-jn-I cwK-s¯ kw-cw-`I-sc k-lm-bn-¡p-I Xp-S-§n-bhb-m-Wv e-£yw. k-µo-]v Fkv (c≠mw hÀ-j _ncp-Z hn-ZymÀ°n) Ir-jn-sb hf-sc {]m-[m-\y-t¯m-sS X-s¶-bm-Wv Im-Wp¶-Xv. H-cp tPm-en-¡-m-c³ F-¶-Xn-t\-¡mÄ \n-ch-[n t]À-¡v tPm-en \Â-Ip-¶-h³ F-¶ K-W-¯n-te-¡v am-dm³ B-{K-lhp-ap≠v. F-¶m Ir-jn-sb hy-mh-km-bn-I-am-bn Im-W-W-sa¦n C-t¸m-gp-Å-Xnepw Iq-Sp-X Ø-ew B-h-iy-amWv. Ø-e ku-Icyw e-`n-¨m Ir-jn H-cp hy-h-km-bn sN-¿pw.

A-`o-jv t_-_n (aq¶mw hÀ-j _ncp-Z hn-ZymÀ°n) Ir-jn-bp-sS hy-h-km-b km-[y-X-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨v F-\n-¡v B-h-em-Xn-IÄ CÃ. F-¶m kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ C-S-s]-S-ep-IÄ A-\n-hm-cyam-b ta-Je -- -bm-Wv ImÀjn-I cwKw. ssP-h-Ir-jnbp-sS km-[y-X-IÄ {]-tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw Ir-jn-¡mbn H-cp hy-h-kmbn-I \-bw cq-]o-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xm Cu ta-J-e-sbbpw ]p-\-cp-²-cn-¡p-hm³ km-[n-¡pw. H-cp tPm-entbm-sSm-¸w Ir-jnbpw sN-¿-W-sa-¶ B-{K-l-am-Wv Rm³ ]-¦p-h-bv-¡p-¶-Xv. Hm-tcm-cp-¯cpw kz´w B-h-iy-¯n-\p-Å-h -h-fÀ-¯n-sb-Sp¯m kz-bw ]-cym-]v-Xam-b tIc-fw kr-ãn-¡mw.

B-cy C (H¶mw hÀ-j _n-cp-Zm\-´-c _ncp-Z hn-ZymÀ-°n) tPm-en-tbm-sSm-¸w Ir-jnbpw sIm-≠p t]m-I-W-sa-¶ B{K-l-am-Wp-Å-Xv. tIm-gn-t¡m-Sm-Wv \mSv. \m-«n AÑ-\v Ir-jnbn-S-ap≠v. A-Ñ-sâ h-cp-am-\-amÀ-Khpw Ir-jn Xs¶. IqÀ-¡, t\-{´hm-g, sX-§v FÃmw Ir-jn sN-¿p-¶p-≠v. Ir-jn Fsâ {][m-\ h-cp-am-\ amÀ-Kam-bn-cn-¡nÃ, ]-s£ Ir-jn- sN-¿-Wsa¶pw AXn-eq-sS h-cp-am-\w t\-S-W-sa-¶p≠v. ic-Xv Fkv (aq¶mw hÀ-j _ncp-Z hn-ZymÀ°n) F-\n-¡v ^v-tfmdnIÄ-¨-dn Xm¸cy-ap≠v. HmÀ-¡n-Uv, B-´q-dn-bw Xp-S-§n-b-h-bp-sS hn-]-W-\-¯n-\p henb km[y-X-I-fp-≠v. ^v-fm-än C-h-bp-sS Irjn B-cw-`n-¡p-hm-\p-Å {i-a-¯n-em-Wv. H-¸w ho-«m-h-iy-¯n-\pÅ ]-¨-¡-dn kz-bw D-≠m-¡-W-sa-¶pw I-cp-Xp¶p.

Pn-X A-\n (c≠mw hÀ-j _n-cp-Zm\-´-c _ncp-Z hn-ZymÀ°n)

13

kwcw-`-IXzw

Crowd Funding \n§Ä-s¡m-cp an-I-¨ _n-kn\-kv

Bi-bw D-t≠m?

B-h-iyam-b aqe[-\w \n-§-fp-sS ssIbn-enÃmsbtP¡_v ¦n \n-§-fp-sS t__n Bi-bw {]m-_-ey¯n h-cp¯p-I _p-²n-ap-«mWv. \n-§-fp-sS _n-kn\kv B-i-b-¯n ]-Ww ap-S-¡p-hm³ XmÂ-¸cy-ap-Åh-sc I-s≠-¯p-I-sb-¶Xpw hfsc {i-a-I-c-amWv. Cu km-l-N-cy-¯n {IuUv ^≠nwKv kÀho-kv sh_v-ssk-äpIÄ D-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯n \n-§-fp-sS Bibw _n-kn-\-Ên-se-¯n-¡p-hm-\p-Å aq-e[-\-¯n-\m-bn ]-cn-{i-an-¡m-hp-¶-XmWv.

\n-§-fp-sS Bi-bw [m-cm-fw B-fp-I-fp-ambn ]-¦p-h-bv-¡m\pw A-hÀ-¡v \n-§-fp-sS s{]mPÎn ]-Ww ap-S-¡m\pw A-hkc-sam-cp-¡p-IbmWv {IuUv ^≠nwKv sh_v-ssk-äp-IÄ sN-¿p-¶Xv. \n-§-fp-sS s{]mPÎn\v B-h-iyamb aq-e[\w {IuUv ^≠nwKneq-sS \n-§Ä-¡v e-`n-¨m Cu ]-Ww sh_vssk-än \n-¶v \n-§Ä-¡v ]n³-h-en-¡mhp-¶-XmWv. G-sX-¦nepw Im-c-W-h-im \n-§Ä-¡m-h-iyam-b ]-Ww e-`n-¨n-sæn \n-§-fp-sS s{]mPÎv Im³k Bhp-Ibpw ]-Ww ap-S-¡n-b-hÀ-¡v A-h-cp-sS ]-Ww Xn-cn-sI e-`n-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿pw. km-[m-c-W-bmbn {IuUv ^≠nwKv kÀ-ho-kn-eq-sS \n-§-fp-sS _n-kn-\-Ên ]-Ww ap-S-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡v \n-§-fp-sS I-¼\n-bp-sS sj-b-dpIÄ \Â-tI-≠-XnÃ. ]

crowd funding kÀho-kv sh_v-sskäp-IÄ D-]-tbm-K-s¸Sp-¯n \n-§-fp-sS Bi-bw _n-kn-\-Ênse-¯n-¡p-hm-\p-Å aq-e-[-\-¯n-\m-bn ]-cn-{i-an-¡m-hp-¶XmWv.

I-cw \n-§-fpsS ]²Xn \S-¸n-embn ¡gn-bp-t¼mÄ A-hÀ-¡v ]mcn-tXm-jn-Iw \Â-In-bm a-Xn-bm-Ipw. D-Zm-l-c-W-ambn _p-¡p-I-tfm, ayq-knIv CD I-tfm, tkm-^v-ävshb-dp-Itfm B-Wv \n-§-fp-sS t{]mU-Îv F-¦n ]-Ww \n-t£-]n-¨-hÀ¡v \n-§-fp-sS t{]m-U-În-sâ H-cp tIm-¸n sIm-Sp-¯m a-Xn-bm-Ipw. C§-s\ H-cp tIm-¸n sIm-Sp-¡p-hm³ \n-§Ä-¡v Imcyam-b Nn-e-hp-I-sfm-¶p-anÃ-Xm-\pw. {IuUv ^≠nwKn\v A-hk-c-sam-cp¡p-¶ {]-[m-\-s¸-« sh_v-sskäv kÀ-hokpI-sf \-ap-¡v ]-cn-N-b-s¸-Smw.

indiegogo.com h-f-sc {]-kn²am-b Hcp {IuUv ^≠nwKv sh_v-ssk-ämWv Indiegogo. com. hnhn-[ X-c-¯n-ep-Å s{]mPÎpIÄ indiegogo.com  t]m-kv-äv sN-¿m-hp-¶XmWv. \n-§Ä-¡m-h-iyam-b ]-Ww kzcq-]n-¡phm³ km-[n-¨m ]-W-¯n-sâ 4% Indiegogo.com kÀ-Æo-kv NmÀ-Pm-bn \n-§-fn \n¶v Cu-Sm-¡mw. \n-§Ä-¡v B-h-iyamb ]-Ww kz-cq-]n-¡p-hm³ km-[n-¨n-sÃ-¦nepw In«n-b ]-Ww \n-§Ä¡v ]n³-h-en-¡m-hp-¶-XmWv. F-¶m C-Xn-\m-bn \n-§Ä 9% kÀ-ho-kv NmÀ-Pv \Â-tI-≠n h-cpw.

k i c k s t a r t e r. c o m hnhn-[ BÀ-«v s{]mPÎpIfpw a-äp

14

km-[m-c-W-bmbn crowd funding kÀho-kn-eq-sS \n-§fp-sS _n-kn-\-Ên ]-Ww ap-S-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v \n-§-fp-sS I-¼\n-bp-sS sj-b-dpIÄ \Â-tI-≠-XnÃ.

{In-tb-än-hv s{]mPÎpIfpw \n-§Ä¡v kickstarter.com t]m-kv-äv sN-¿p-hm³ km-[n-¡pw. \n-§Ä-¡m-h-iyam-b ]-Ww kz-cq-]n-¡p-hm³ km-[n-¨m am-{X-ta ]-Ww ]n³-h-en-¡p-hm³ km-[n-¡p-I-bpÅp. 5% kÀ-ho-kv NmÀ-PmWv kickstarter. com Cu-Sm-¡p-¶Xv.

rockethub.com BÀ-«v s{]mPÎpIÄ-¡v am-{X-am-bmWv Xp-S-§n-b-sX-¦nepw k-b³kv, hn-Zym`ymkw, _n-kn\-kv F-¶o hn-`m-K-§-fnte¡pw h-f-sc-s¸«-¶v hym-]n¨ {IuUv ^≠nwKv kÀ-ho-kv sh_v-ssk-ämWv rocket hub.com. ]-Ww kz-cq-]n-¡m-\m-sb¦n 4% C-sÃ-¦n 8% kÀ-ho-kv NmÀ-Pv rockethub.com Cu-Sm-¡pw.

f u n d r a z r. c o m hn-hn-[X-cw t]-gv-kWÂ, _n-kn\-kv t{]m-P-Îp-IÄ-¡m-bn aq-e[-\w k-aml-cn-¡p-hm³ \n§-sf k-lm-bn-¡p-¶ sh_v-ssk-äm-Wv fundrazr.com. tkmjy s\-äv-hÀ-¡v ssk-äp-I-fp-am-bp-Å anI-¨ Câ-t{Kj³ Cu sh_v-ssk-än-sâ {]-tXy-I-X-bmWv. B-h-iyam-b ]-Ww kz-cq-]n-¡m-\m-bmepw C-sÃ-¦nepw kzcq-]n-¡-s¸-« Xp-I-bpsS 7.2% kÀ-ho-kv NmÀ-Pmbn fundrazr.com-\v \Â-IWw. (Nesote Technologies -amt\-PnwKv Ub-d-IvSdmWv teJ-I³, jacobbbc@gmail.com)

S T A R T U P

S U C C E S S

hnc¯p-¼nse

ambm-temIw

A\q-]vIp-amÀ

s_kn³ sI A{_lmw

_n\p t]mÄ

Nn-{X-§Ä N-en-¡p-t¼mÄ \n§Ä H-cp dq-an C-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ \n-§Ä-¡p Np-äpw No-äbpw s]³Kzn-\pw knw-lhpw \-S-¡p-¶p. knwl-s¯ X-tem-Sn-s¡m-≠v H-cmÄ, No-ä-bp-sS tXm-fn ssI-bn-«p-sIm-≠p H-cm-Ä. \n-§Ä H-cp am-fn F¯p-t¼mÄ A-hn-sS a-ªp-Im-ew h-¶mÂ, A-sÃ-¦n- h-k-´-Imew h-¶m F-´p c-k-am-bn-¡pw A-tÃ. tIÄ-¡p-t¼mÄ H-cp h-«³ kz-]v-\w F-¶p tXm-¶n-tb-¡mw. F-¶m Cu kz-]v-\-§Ä FÃmw bm-YmÀ-Yy-am-Ip-I-bmWv. ]-ÝmXy-tem-Iw ap-t¼ bm-Ym-ÀYy-am¡nb hn-h-c km-t¦-Xn-Ihn-Zym km-t¦-X-§-fp-sS ]-cn-jv-I-cn-¡-s¸« G-jy³ ]-Xn-¸m-WnXv. sam-ss_ B-¹n-t¡-j³ cwK-¯v ssh-hn[y-¯n-eq-sS ap-t¶-dp-I-bmWv Hm-Kv sam-_v skmeqj³.

AhmÀUv

sl-Uv-kv-ämÀ-«vþAk-äv tlmw-kv kv-ämÀ-«vA-¸v A-hmÀ-Uv tI{µ-a-{´n sI hn tXma-knÂ\n¶pw dn-bm-^n sSIv-t\m-f-Po-kv kn-CH tPm¬ amXyp G-äp-hm-§p¶p. a-jnw-K ss{]h-äv en-an-äUv, Un-ssk-Uv Izn-Iv kÀ-hok-kv F-¶nhbm-Wv A-hmÀUv t\Snb aäv kwcw-`-§Ä. sl-Uv-ÌmÀ-«v s\-äv-hÀ¡pw tI-c-f-¯n-se {]ap-J dn-b F-tÌ-äv _nÂ-Udm-b Ak-äv tlmwkpw tNÀ-¶m-Wv kv-ämÀ-«v-A-¸pI-sf t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-bn A-hmÀ-Up-IÄ GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bXv. kn-sF-sF tIc-f sN-b-À-am³ kn-sP tPmÀPv, sI-]n-Fw-Pn A-tkm-kn-tb-äv U-b-d-ÎÀ h-µ-\ cm-tP-{µ³, Ak-äv tlmw-kv am-t\-Pnw-Kv U-b-d-ÎÀ hn kp-\nÂ-Ip-amÀ, F-Iv-knIyq-«n-hv U-b-d-ÎÀ A-\n hÀ-a Xp-S-§n-b-hcpw ]-s¦-Sp¯p.

G-

sX-¦nepw H-cp Nn-{Xw sam-ss_ Iym-a-d-bn A-]-tem-Uv sNbv-X t{]m-{Kmw h-gn (Hm-Kv sam-_v )-kv-Im³ sN-bv-Xm Cu Nn-{X-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-« FÃm hn-h-c§fpw \Â-Im³ km-[n-¡p-¶p F-¶-XmWv Cu- t{]m-Km-an-sâ {]-tXyI-X. D-Zm-l-cW-¯n-\v k-¨n-sâ 100þmw sk-©p-dn-bp-sS H-cp t^m-t«m-bn Cu kv-Im-\À D-]-tbm-Kn¨m B I-fn-sb kw-_-Ôn-¨ hn-h-c-§Ä e-`n-¡pw. AÂ-¸w Iq-sS hn-i-Z-am-¡n-bm B I-fn hoUntbm B-bn Im-Wp-hm³ km-[n-¡pw. ]-s£ B t^m-t«m Cu B-¹nt¡-j-\p-ambn en-¦v sN-bvX-Xv BI-W-sa-¶p am-{Xw. Iq-Sp-X Im-cy-am-bn Nn-´n-¨m H-cp kn-\n-a-bp-sS ]-ckyw t]-¸-dn h-¶p-sh¶v I-cp-Xp-I. H-cp kv-amÀ-«v t^m-Wp-]-tbm-Kn¨v Hm-Kv sam-_v skm-eq-j-sâ tkm-^v-äv-sh-bdn-eq-sS Cu ]-ckyw kv-Im³ sN-¿p¶p. sam-ss_ Iym-a-d-bp-sS k-lm-b-t¯m-sS kv-Im³ sN-bv-Xm a-Xn-bm-Ipw. Cu kn-\n-a-bp-sS s{S-bve-À Im-Wp-hm-\pw, Sn¡-äv _p¡v sN-¿p-hm-\pw km-[n-¡pw. hoUntbm en-¦v \Â-Ip-hm-³ am-{X-aà Nn-{X-§Ä-¡v I-fÀ ssh-hn[yw \Â-Ip-hm \pw Cu tkm-^v-ävsh-b-dn-eq-sS km-[n-¡pw. D-Zm-l-c-W-¯n-\v H-cp hm-l-\-¯n-\v 15 \n-d§Ä D-s≠-¦n H-cp \n-dw am-{X-amIpw ]-c-ky-¯nepw t{_m-j-dnepw \Â-Ip-hm³ km[n-¡p-I. F-¶m Cu Nn-{X-s¯ kvv-Im³ sN-bv-Xm 15 \ndssh-hn-[y-¯nepw ImWm³ km-[n-¡p-w. hm-l-\ \nÀam-W cw-K-¯pw, ]-c-kycw-K¯pw Cu B-¹n-t¡-j³ hnhn-[ km-[y-X-I-fm-Wv Xpd-¶p \Â-Ip-¶Xv. dn-b F-kv-tä-äv cw-K-¯m-Wv C-Xn-sâ Kp-W-§Ä G-ä-hp-a-[n-Iw {]-Xn-^-en-¡p-I. hntZ-i C-´y-¡m-cm-Wv C-¶v ^v-fm-äp-IÄ hm-§p-¶-Xn ap-¼nÂ. F-¶m ]-e-t¸mgpw an-I-¨ ^v-fm-äp-IÄ Ip-Sw-_-¯n-se FÃm-h-sc-bpw sIm-≠p \S-¶p Im-Wn-¡p-hm³ FÃm-hÀ¡pw km-[n-¡nÃ. Nn-e-XmI-s« ]-Wn ]qÀ-¯n-bm-Ip-¶-Xn-\p apt¼ hm-§n-bXm-bn-cn-¡pw. ]qÀ-¯n-bm-bm am-{X-am-bn-cn¡pw A-sX§-s\ C-cn-¡p-sa-¶p D-]-t`màm-hn-\p a-\-kn-em-Ip-I. F-¶m Cu sI-«n-S-§-fp-sSsbÃmw {Xnam-\ Nn{Xw I-¼-\n X-¿m-dm-¡n-bn-«p-≠m-Ipw. Cu {Xnam-\ Nn-{Xw hn-Zq-c-¯p-Å D-]-t`m-àm-hn-\p Im-Wphm³ km-[n-¨m _n-kn\-kv G-sd hÀ[n-¸n-¡mw. ho-Sn-sâ ap-dn-I-fn ^À-Wn-¨-dp-IÄ Øm-\w ]n-Sn-¡p-¶-XpÄ-s¸-sS-bp-Å Im-cy-§Ä H-cp sam-ss_ B-¹n-t¡-j-\n-eq-sS hn-`mh-\w sN-¿p-hm-³ km-[n-¡pw. ]T-\cw-K¯pw \nÀ-Wm-b-I-am-b H-t«-sd Im-cy-§Ä sN-¿p-hm³ Cu B-¹nt¡j\p km-[n-¡pw. D-Zm-l-c-W-¯n\v a-lm-ß Km-Ôn-bp-sS t^mt«m kv-Im³ sN-bv-Xm A-t±l-s¯ kw-_-Ôn-¡p-¶ ap-gp-h³ hn-h-c-§Ä A-dn-bm³ km-[n-¡p¶-Xv ]T-\-`mcw Gsd e-Lq-I-cn-¡p-atÃm.

tem-t¡-j³ A-dn-bp-hm³ tem-I-¯n-sâ G-Xp tIm-Wn-te-¡v bm-{X sN-¿p-hm-\pw Kq-KnÄ am-¸v H-cp h-gn-Im«n-bmWv. sN-dn-b h-gn-Ifpw A-Xn-se Im-cy-§fpw hf-sc Iy-Xy-am-bn X-s¶ Kq-KnÄ ]-d-ªp-X-cpw. F-¶m \-½p-sS A-©p In-tem-ao-äÀ Np-ä-f-hn F-s´Ãmw {][m-\ Ø-e-§Ä D≠v, F-Sn-Fw F-hn-sS-bp≠v, A-Sp-¯v B-ip-]-{Xn-tbm s]-t{SmÄ ]t¼m Dt≠m? I-s≠-¯m³ ]m-Sps]«-Xp Xs¶. C-Xn\v ]-cn-lm-cw I-s≠-¯p-hm\pw Hm-Kv sam-_v skm-eq-j-\v km-[n-¨n-«p≠v. Kq-Kn-fn-sâ k-lm-b-t¯msS Hm-Kv sam-_v skm-eqjy-sâ sam-ss_ B-¹nt¡-j³ 5 Intem ao-äÀ (Zq-c ]-cn-[n \n-Ý-bn¡mw) Np-ä-fhn D-Å Fà {]-[m-\-s¸-« Ø-e-§fpw A-h-bp-sS Øm-\hpw Zq-chpw hy-à-am-¡n X-cpw. 360 Un{Kn A-Xm-b-Xv \-½p-¡p Np-äp-ap-Å FÃm {]-tZ-i-§fpw A-h-bp-sS hn-iZhn-h-c-§fpw hn-c¯p-¼n F¶-Xm-Wv C-Xn-sâ {]-XyI-X.

tem-Iw H-cp ap-dn-bn H-cp Iw-]yq-«-dpw, Un-Pn-ä Iym-a-dbpw D-]-tbm-Kn-¨v {Xnam-\ Nn-{X-§-fp-sS k-lmb-t¯m-sS tem-Iw ap-gp-h\pw Hcp ap-dn-bn-te-¡v F-¯n-¡p-¶-XmWv Hm-Kv tam-_n-sâ a-säm-cp B-¹n-t¡-j³. Npäpw \nÂ-¡p-¶ B-fp-IÄ-¡v B {]-tZ-iw I≠Xp t]m-se A-\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-bpw sN-¿p-sa-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv C-Xn-sâ -{]-tXyI-X. sS-¡v tem-I-¯v A-Ûp-X-§Ä kr-ãn-¡p-hm³ ]-cym-]v-Xam-b Hm-Kvtam-_v skm-eqjsâ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä¡v Np-¡m³ ]n-Sn-¡p¶-Xv _n\p-t]mÄ, sU-kn³ F-{_-lmw, A-\q-]v Ip-amÀ Xp-S§n-b aq-hÀ kw-L-amWv. H-cp hÀ-jw \o-≠ K-th-j-W-§Ä-¡pw ti-j-am-Wv B-¹nt¡-j³ Kq-KnÄ t¹-bn e-`y-am-Ip-¶-Xv. \o-≠ {]-b-Xv-\-§Ä H¶pw sh-dp-sX-bm-In-sÃ-¶v C-hÀ ]-d-bp¶p. temI-s¯ {]ap-J ]-c-ky-¡-¼\n-I-fpambpw sS-¡v temI-s¯ {]-ap-J-cpambpw \-S¯n-b B-Zy-L-« NÀ-¨-bn-eq-sS X-s¶ A-\pIq-eam-b Xo-cp-am-\-§Ä t\-Sn-sb-Sp-¡p-hm³ km-[n-¨-XmWv Cu kp-lr-¯p-¡-fp-sS ap-t¶-ä-¯n \nÀ-Wm-b-I-am-bXv.

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S O C I A L

Ae-bm-sXbpw e`n¡pw

e-£-¡-W-¡n-\v hr-¡-tcm-Kn-I-fpsS Xm§pw X-W-ep-am-b im-´n BXp-c-tk-h-\ tI-{µ-¯n-sâ kmc-Yn D-am t{]-a³ hm-¡p-IÄ-¡-¸p-dw B-ZÀ-iw kz-´w Po-hn-X-¯n \-S-¸m¡n-b kwcw-`-Ibm-Wv. am-cI tcm-K-§-Ä-¡p-Å Nn-In-Õm ku-I-cy-§-fp-sSbpw kuP-\y Nn-In-Õ \Â-Ip-¶ B-ip-]-{Xn-I-fp-sSbpw {]-ikvX tUm-ÎÀ-am-cp-sS-bp-saÃmw hn-h-c-§-Ä B-h-iy-¡m-cn-se-¯n-¡p-¶-Xn\vv 1997 im-´n sa-Un¡Â C³-s^mÀ-ta-j³ skâÀ B-bn Xp-S§n-b Cu {]-Øm-\-¯neq-sS km-[m-c-W-¡m-cm-b tcm-Kn-I-Ä-¡m-bn {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-I-bm-Wv A-hÀ. Cu tk-h-\-bm-{X-bv-¡n-sS 1999 kz-´w hr-¡ A-]-cn-Nn-X\mb H-cp bp-hm-hn-\v \Â-Im\pw A-hÀ X-¿m-dmbn. {]-hm-kn-I-fptSXv DÄ-¸sS 640Hmfw hr-¡ am-än-h-bv-¡Â i-kv-{X-{In-b-Ifpw, 184 {]-hmkn-I-fp-tS-Xv DÄ-¸-sS 20,500 lr-Z-b i-kv{X-{In-b-Ifpw \-S-¯n-bn-«p≠v. Iq-SmsX C-Xph-sc 1,65,000¯n Iq-Sp-X kuP-\y U--bm-en-kn-kp-Ifpw \-S-¯n. C-XpIq-Sm-sX im-´n-bn hn-h-ck-lm-bw tX-Sn-sb¯nb \nÀ-[-\cmb tcm-Kn-IÄ-¡v hnhn-[ kÀ¡mÀþkÀ-¡m-cn-X-c kw-L-S-\I-fn \n-¶v F-«v tImSn-tbm-fw cq-]- Nn-InÕmk-lm-bw e-`y-am-¡m\pw Cu Øm-]-\-¯n-\v km-[n¨p. kuP-\y t^m-¬, X-]mÂ, Cþsa-bn F¶n-h h-gnbpw Zn-\w{]-Xn \q-dv I-W¡n-\m-fp-IÄ-¡v Nn-In-Õm-kw-_-Ôam-b hn-h-c-§-fpw \nÀ-tZ-i-§fpw im´n \Â-In h-cp-¶p. Iq-Sm-sX hnhn-[ Nn-In-Õm hn-h-c§Ä t{Im-Uo-I-cn-¨v sa-Un-¡Â U-b-d-Îdn, B-tcm-Ky amkn-I F¶n-hbpw {]-kn-²-s¸S-p-¯p-¶p-≠v. tI-c-f-¯n-em-Zy-am-bn slÂ-¯v ImÀ-Uv ]²-Xn ]-cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xn-sâ s{IUnäv im-´n ¢n-\n-¡n-\v A-h-Im-i-s¸-«-XmWv. Nn-In-Õm kw-_-Ônbm-b H-«-\h-[n hn-h-c§Ä e-`y-am¡n-s¡m-≠v slÂ-¯v sh-_vssk-ä-n\v cq-]w sIm-Sp-¡m\pw im-´n sa-Un-¡Â C³s^mÀ-ta-j³ skâ-dn-\mbn. Iq-Sm-sX ]mf-a-e B-Zn-hm-kn ]p\-c-[nhm-k ]-²Xn, Ah-b-h Zm\ t_m-[h-¡c-W ]-²-Xn-IÄ, Pn-hn-Xssi-en tcmK\nÀ-W-b {]Xn-tcm-[ ]²-Xn Xp-S-§n-bhbpw im-´n sa-Un-¡Â C³-s^mÀ-ta-j³ skâ-dn-sâ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§fnÂ-s¸-Sp-¶p.

C-¶v im-´n-¡v Io-gn tI-c-f-¯n- hn-hn-[-bn-S-§-fn-em-bn ]-¯v U-bm-en-kn-kv bq-Wn-äp-I-fp-≠v. C-h-bn-eq-sS c-≠m-bn-c-

CsI \yqkv_yqtdm

`À-¯m-hn-sâ a-cW-s¯ Xp-SÀ-¶m-Wv 1997Â im-´n sa-Un-¡Â C³-s^mÀ-

ta-j-³ skâ-dn-\v D-am t{]-a³ XpS-¡w Ip-dn-¡p-¶-Xv. aÄ-«n-{U-Kv sd-kn-̳-kv Syq-_À-Iyp-tem-kn-kv F-¶ A-kp-Jw _m-[n-¨ `À-¯m-hn-sâ Nn-In-Õ-bv-¡mbn ]-e B-ip-]-{Xn-I-fn- G-gv hÀ-j-t¯mfw I-b-dn-bn-d-§n-sb-¦nepw b-YmÀ-° Nn-In-Õ I-≠p-]n-Sn-¨-t¸-mtg¡pw tcm-Kw tam-i-am-Ip-Ibpw `À-¯m-hv acn-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. Cu A\p`hw aämÀ¡pw D-≠m-I-cp-sX-¶v Da Nn-´n¨-Xnsâ ^eamWv im-´n sa-Un-¡Â C³-s^mÀ-ta-j³ skâÀ. Ipd-¨p Im-e-§Ä-¡p-Ån X-s¶ hnhn[ tcm-K-§Ä-¡v i-cnbm-b Nn-In-Õ F-hnsS-bmWv e-`n-¡p-Isb-¶-dn-bm³ kwØm-\-¯n-sâ FÃm-`m-K-¯p \n-¶pw A-t\z-j-W-§Ä F-¯n¯p-S§n.

XpSÀ¶v A³-]-tXm-fw thm-f-â nbÀ-am-sc \n-tbm-Kn-¨p. GsXÃmw tcmK§Ä¡v FhnsSsbÃmw NnInÕ e`n¡pw, kuP\y NnInÕbpw km¼¯nI klmb§fpw FhnsS e`n¡pw, Nn-InÕbv¡v C´y¡I¯pw ]pd¯pw e`n¡mhp¶ kuIcy-§Ä Xp-S-§n-b hnhc§Ä kuP\yambn \ÂIpIbmWv im´n saUn-¡Â C³s^mÀtaj³ skâÀ.

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¡v sam-ss_Â U-bm-en-kn-kv bq-Wn-äp-≠v.

Kp-P-dm-¯nepw D-S³Xs¶ Ubm-en-kn-kv bq-Wnävv Xp-S-§m³ ]-²-Xn-bp≠v.

F-XnÀ-¸pI-sf A-Xn-Po-hn-¨v ap-t¶m«v A-\h-[n F-XnÀ-¸p-I-sfbpw {]-Xnk-Ôn-I-sfbpw A-Xn-Po-hn-¨mWvv im-´n sa-Un-¡Â C³-s^mÀ-ta-j³ skâÀ ap-t¶-dp-¶Xv. 2002 U-bm-en-kn-kv sN¿p-¶ c-≠v sa-jo³ 350 cq-]-bv-¡v hm-S-Ibv-s¡-Sp-¯v {]-hÀ-¯-\-am-cw-`n-¨-t¸mÄ C-Xn-s\ F-XnÀ¯v tI-c-f-¯n-se \n-ch[n tUm-ÎÀ-am-cpw B-ip-]-{Xn-Ifpw cw-K-s¯¯n-. F-¶m X-f-cm³ X-¿m-dÃm-Xn-cp¶ D-a a-{Zmkn \n¶pw ]-Ww apS-¡n tUmÎsd sIm-≠p-h¶v U-bm-en-kn-kv skâÀ Xp-S§n. ]q-«n-t¸m-Ip-sa-¶m-Wv ]-ecpw Icp-Xn-bXv. F-¶m P-\-§n \n¶pw h³ {]-Xn-I-c-W-am-Wv D-≠m-b-Xv. C-tXm-sS tIc-f-¯n-se ap-gp-h³ U-bm-en-kn-kv skâ-dpIfpw tcm-Kn-I-f-n \n¶v Cu-Sm-¡n-bn-cp-¶ XpI 1000 cq-]-bm¡n Ip-d-¨-p. CXv hen-b t\-«-am-bmWv D-am t{]a³ Im-Wp-¶Xv. im-´n-bp-sS tkh-\w \n-c-h-[n X-h-W tZio-b A-´À-tZio-b X-e-§-fnepw AwKo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«n-«p≠v. kn-F³-F³þsF-_n F³ Nm-\-en-sâ dn-b lotdm A-hmÀ-Uv, ^n-en-]v-kv t{_h-dn A-hmÀUv, tZio-b kZv-Kp-cp Úm-\m-\-µ A-hmÀUv, s{]m-^. ap-≠-tÈ-cn A-hmÀ-Uv XpS-§n \n-ch-[n Aw-Ko-Im-c-§Ä Da-sb tX-Sn-sb-¯n. C-¶v 60 Po-h-\-¡m-cpw 100 I-W-¡n-\v k-¶-² {]-hÀ-¯-Icpw A-Xn-te-sd A-`yp-Z-b-Imw£-n-I-fpw im´n¡p≠v. 48 e-£w cq-]-bn-e-

am-Xr-I-bmb-Xv kz-´w hr-¡ \Â-In-s¡m-≠v ¹-kv Sp hn-Zym-`ym-k-w am{Xap-Å km-[m-c-W¡m-cn-bm-b Cu Xr-iqÀ-¡mcn X-sâ tk-h-\-cwK-¯v am-Xr-I-bmb-Xv kz-´w hr-¡ \Â-In a-säm-cp Po-h³ c-£n-¨-Xn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. Hcp tcmKnsb tImb¼¯qcn Ubmenknkn\p sIm≠p-t]m-b D-a A-hn-sSh¨v ken F¶ sNdp¸-¡mc-s\ ]-cn-N-bs¸-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. k-en A-\m-Y\m-sW¶pw Ah-\v hr-¡ \Â-Im³ B-cp-an-söpw a-\-kn-em¡n-b D-a s]-s«-¶v X-sâ hr-¡ \Â-I-s«-sb-¶v tNm-Zn-¨p. F-XnÀ-¸pIsf kv-t\-l-]qÀhw A-h-K-Wn¨p-sIm-≠v D-a keoen\v hr-¡ \ÂI-n. hr¡ kzoIcn¨ keo ]qÀWmtcmKyt¯m-sS 15 hÀ-j-ambn Dabvs¡m¸w tkh\ cwK¯p≠v. k-eoen\v hr-¡ \Â-In H-cp hÀ-j-¯n\v ti-jw C-cp-h-cp-sSbpw »-Uv {Kq-¸v H¶m-bn am-dn-sb¶Xv asämcÛpXw. P·\m H t]mknäo-hm-bn-cp-¶ k-eo-ensâ »-Uv {Kq-¸v D-a-bp-sS »-Uv {Kq¸mb H s\-K-äo-hm-bn am-dn.

im-´n C-¶v tI-c-f-¯n-se B-tcm-Ky ta-J-e-bn kPo-h km-¶n-[y-am-Wv C¶v im-´n sa-Un-¡Â C³-s^mÀ-ta-j³ skâÀ. im-´n-bp-sS taÂ-t\m-«-¯nepw \nÀtZ-i-¯n-ep-saÃm-am-bn C-Xphsc 62

tKmUvs{^ ^nen]vkv t{_hdn AhmÀUv Dam t{]a³ Gäp-hm-§p-¶p. t¯mfw U-bm-en-kn-kv H-cp am-k-¯n sN-¿p-¶p. 1200 U-bm-en-kn-kpIÄ ku-P\y-am-bmWv \-S-¯p-¶Xv. C-Xn-\v ]-e kwL-S-\-I-fp-sSbpw ]-e hy-àn-I-fp-sSbpw k-lm-bhpw e-`n-¡p¶p-≠v. hn-Zym-`ym-ktam, km-¼-¯n-Itam B-b ]-cn-an-XnI-sf a-dn-IS-¶v km-aq-ly-tk-h-\-cwK-¯v H-cp kv-{Xo-¡v hen-b ap-t¶-ä-§Ä km-[y-am-Ipsa-¶-Xn-sâ a-säm-cp-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv D-a t{] a³. kÀ-¡mÀ U-b-en-kn-kv skâÀ t]mep-anÃm-¯ e£-Zzo-]nepw im-´n-bpsS U-bm-en-kn-kv skâ-dp-≠v. {]-ikv-X \-S³ i-c-XvIp-amdpw `m-cy cm-[n-I-bp-am-Wv im´n-bp-sS Kp-Uvhn Aw-_-kn-UÀ-amÀ. i-c-XvIp-amdnsâ aWvU-e-amb sX-¦m-in¡p ]pd-ta Xn-cp-s\Â-th-en-bnepw im-´n-

[n-Iw Cu Øm]-\-¯n\v _m[y-X-bp-≠v. tcmKw h¶v NnInÕn¡p¶Xn\v ]Icw tcmKw hcmXncn¡m³ {i²n¡pIbmWv th≠Xv F¶ Nn´bn \n-¶m-Wv im-´n ¢n-\nIv "IcpXÂ' ]²-Xn B-cw-`n-¨-Xv. aq-¶v Bw-_p-e³-kp-I-fn-em-bn em_v sk-äv sN-bv-Xv H-cp ]-©m-b-¯ntem H-cp {]-tZ-it¯m 150 t]À-¡v U-b-_änIv, ssl-¸À sS³-j³, sIm-f-kv-t{SmÄ, F¶n-h ]cn-tim-[n-¨v slÂ-¯v ImÀ-Uv sIm-Sp-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv I-cp-X ]-²-Xn. Icp-X ]-²-Xn-bn-eq-sS H-cmÄ-¡v 25 cq-] \n-c-¡n hnhn[ sS-Ìp-IÄ \-S-¯m³ km-[n-¡p-¶p. G-sX-¦nepw H-cp kwL-S-\ \m-em-bn-cw cq-] X-¶m AhÀ ]-d-bp-¶ {]-tZ-i-¯v I-cp-X ]²-Xn \-S-¸m-¡psa¶pw D-am t{]-a³ ]-d-bp¶p.

W O M E N

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_n kvv-Iq-fn \n-s¶mcp \yq P-\-td-j³ s{]m-UyqkÀ a-e-bm-f kn-\n-am-\n-Àam-W cwK-¯v {i-t²-bam-sbm-cp kv-{Xo-km-¶n-²ywþ km-{µ tXm-akv. a-¦n-s¸³ F-¶ aq¶mw Nn-{X-¯n-sâ hn-P-b-¯n-\p-ti-jw, bp-F-kn Nn-{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶ _nKv _Päv tam-l³-em- Nn-{X-¯n-sâ ]-Wn-¸p-c-bn-em-Wo s]¬-Ip«n. km-{µ F-¶ kw-cw-`-Ibp-sS hn-ti-j-§-fn-te¡v ]pjv-] Fw

ssI

\nd-sb ]-W-ap-s≠-¦nepw kn\n-am\nÀ-amXm-hm-Im³ Bcpw c-≠m-a-sXm¶m-tem-Nn-¡pw, {]-tXyIn¨pw s]¬-Ip-«nIÄ. ]pcp-j tI-k-cn-amÀ sIm-Sp-Ip¯n hm-gp-¶, I-W-s¡-Sp-¸n em-`-\-ã-§Ä-s¡m¸w A-\n-Ýn-X-Xz-¯n-\v am-\yam-b Øm-\-ap-Å tem-Iw. A-hn-sS km-{µ tXma-kv F¶ 27þIm-cn- aq¶p kn-\n-aI-fp-sS Xn-f-¡-hp-am-bn \s½-t\m-¡n ]p-©n-cn-¡p-¶p. ss{^-tU 11.11.11 B-e-¸p-g, k-¡-dn-bm-bp-sS KÀ-`n-WnIÄ, ^n-en-¸v Bâ v Z a-¦n-s¸³þ ss{^-tU ^n-enw lukn-sâ _m-\-dn km-{µ \nÀ-an-¨ Nn-{X§Ä. Hm-tcm-¶pw {i-t²-b-am-bh. a-¦n-s¸³ C-t¸mgpw A-Xn-sâ am-{´n-I-X sIm-≠v Ip-«n-Ifm-b Ip-«nI-sfbpw Ip-«n-a-\-kp-Å ap-XnÀ¶-h-sc-bpw h-io-I-cn¨p-sIm-≠n-cn-¡p¶p.

B-ta-\n-epw k-¡-dn-bp-sS KÀ-`n-Wn-I-fnepw Infn-t]mbn-bn-epw \-½Ä I-≠n-«p-Å km-{µbà ss{^-tU ^nenw lu-knsâ Hm-^o-kn-ep-Å-Xv. ChnsS Xn-I¨pw s{]m -^-j-W-em-b \nÀam-XmhmW-hÀ "H-cp kn\n-a \nÀ-an-¡p-¶-Xn-\p ap¼v {]-[-m-\-ambpw \m-ep Im-cy-§-fm-Wv Rm³ ]-cn-K-Wn-¡p-I. BZyw I-Y. A-Xp I-gn-ªv kw-hn-[m-bI³, ]n-s¶ Nn-{X-¯n-sâ _n-kn\-kv km-[y-XIÄ. A-h-km-\-am-bn \-So-\-S³-amÀ.

I-Y C-ã-s¸-«m am-{X-ta A-Xn-sâ _n-\n\-kv km-[yX-I-sf-¡p-dn¨vv Rm³ B-tem-Nn-¡m-dp-Åp.Xm-c§-fpsS Imcy-¯n I-Y-bv-¡v A\p-tbm-Py-am-b-hÀ F-¶Xn-s\m¸w kn-\n-a-bp-sS _-P-äpw Ah-cp-sS amÀ¡-äv hm-eyphpw ]-cn-K-Wn-¡p¶p. kq-¸À Xm-c-§-fp-sS-tbm {]ap-J kwhn-[m-b-I-cpsStbm te-_-en h-¶Xp-sIm-≠p am{Xw ss{^-tU ^n-enw lu-kv H-cp kn\n-a \nÀ-an-¡nÃ." C-Xp tIÄ¡p-t¼mÄ, kq-¸À Xmc-§-tfm-Sv km-{µ-bv-¡v N-XpÀYn-bm-sW-¶v I-cp-XcpXv. tam-l³-em \m-b-I-\m-Ip-¶ s]-cp-¨m-gn F-¶ _n-Kv _-P-äv Nn-{X-am-Wv km-{µ-bp-sS A-Sp-¯ t{]m-P-Iväv. bp Fknem-Wv jq-«nwKv. A-Xp I-gnªm entPm tPmkv ]Ãn-tÈ-cn-bpsS 'I-eym-Ww'. a-¦n-s¸³ t]-sc-Sp-¡p-t¼mgpw km-{µ kn-\n-a-bp-sS {]-Nm-c-W-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-am-bn tI-c-f-¯n-se hn-hn-[ PnÃI-fn- bm-{X-sN-¿p¶p. CâÀ-\m-j-W _n-kn-\-kn _n-cp-Zm-\-´-c-_n-cp-Z-ap-Å km-{µ-bv-¡v amÀ-¡-änw-Kn-sâ km-[y-X-IÄ \-¶m-bn A-dnbmw.

"C¶-s¯ Im-eL-«w am-À-¡-änwKv B-h-iy-s¸-Sp¶p≠v. A-Xn-\p-Å amÀ-K-§-fpw [m-cm-f-ap≠v. AXp-sIm≠v Rm\pw F-sâ kn\n-a \-¶m-bn amÀ¡-äv sN-¿p-¶p. \à kn\n-a \nÀ-an¨-Xp sIm-≠p-am-{X-am-bnÃ,' Cu kn\na F-\n-¡pw Im-WWw' F¶ tXm-¶Â B-fp-I-fn D-≠mbm-te A-hÀ Xo-tb-ä-dn h-¶v kn\n-a ImWq. A-Xn-\v amÀ-¡-änw-Kv D-]-Im-c-s¸-Spw. C¶vv A-[n-Iw Im¯n-cn-¡m-sX Xs¶ ]pXnb kn\n-aIÄ Im-Wm-\p-Å

A-hk-cw P-\-§Ä-¡p≠v. c-≠p am-kw I-gn-ªm knUn h-cpw, ]ns¶ Sn-hn-bn h-cpw. AXp-sIm-≠pX-s¶ AXp-sIm-≠v P-\§sf Xo-tb-ä-en-te¡p-sIm-≠p-hcn-I F-¶ e-£y-t¯m-sS-bm-Wv Rm³ amÀ-¡-änw-Kv sN-¿p-¶Xv.' Xm-c-§fpw amÀ-¡-änw-Kn-sâ {]-[m\yw Ip-d-¨p-Iq-Sn a-\-kn-em-¡-W-sa-¶v km-{µ I-cp-Xp-¶p.

_n kv-Iq-fn-se ]mT§Ä _n-kn\-kv A-Uv-an-\n-kv-t{S-j-\nse _n-cp-Z-hpw CâÀ\m-j-W _n-kn-\-knse _n-cp-Zm-\-´-c-_n-cp-Zhpw I¿nÂh-¨mWv Cu kw-cw-`-¯n-te-¡v km{µ Im-se-Sp¯p-h-¨-Xv. "Ip-ªp-\m-fn F-sâ ap-¶n Ir-Xyam-b e-£y-§-sfm¶pw D-≠m-bn-cp-¶nÃ. \-¶m-bn ]Tn-¡p-¶ FÃm Ip-«n-I-sfbpw t]m-se tUm-Î-dm-Im\pw I-f-Î-dmIm\pw B-{K-ln-¨n-cp-¶p. sFFF-kv tIm-¨nw-Kn-\pw tN-À-¶-XmWv. em-kv-äv an-\n-äv ]Tn-¯-¡m-cnbm-b F-\n¡p ]-än-b-Xà B I-S-¼-sb-¶p a-\-kn-em-b-t¸mÄ kz´-am-bn F-s´-¦nepw sN-¿m-sa-¶p-d¨p. ao-Un-b-tbm-SpÅ XmÂ-¸cyw aq-ew 2011 C-¶-th-än-hv I¬-sk-]v-äv-kv F-¶ ]-c-ky-G-P³-kn cq-]o-I-cn-¨p. R-§Ä G-sä-Sp¯sNbv-X C-hâp-IÄ hgn kn-\n-a-bn- tIm¬-Sm-Iv-äv-kv D-≠mbn. ]-Xn-sb-¸-Xn-sb Rm-\pw kn-\n-a-bn-se-¯n." h³-In-S-Xm-c-§-sf-s¡m-≠p t]mepw t{]m-P-Iv-än H-¸p h-bv-¸n-¡p¶ Cu s]¬-Ip-«n A-Xn-\p-Å ]-Ww F§-s\ k-am-l-cn-¡pw F-¶v A-Ûp-X-s¸-Sp-¶-h-tcm-Sv sN-dp-Nncn-tbm-sS km-{µ ]-d-bpw. ""Hm-Untbm td-äv, kmä-sse-äv td-äv A-§-s\ kn-\na-sb klm-bn¡p-¶ Im-cy§-sfÃmw Rm³ {]-tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp¯pw. FÃmw Ir-Xy-ambn a-\-kn-em-¡n ap-S-¡p-ap-X dn-¡-hÀ sN-¿m³ ]-äp-¶ hn-[-¯n hy-àam-b ^n-\m-jy ¹m-\nw-tKm-sS-bm-Wv Rm³ kn\n-a \nÀ-an-¡p-¶Xv." tIm-Sn-I-fp-sS h-ep-¸hpw s]-cp-¸hpw Cu s]¬-Ip-«n-sb t]-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶nÃ. kn\n-a Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡-s¸-«mepw kw-Xr-]v-Xn-bpsS Be-ky-¯n ho-gm-sX, amÀ-¡-änw-Knepw {]-Nm-c-W-¯n-epw Nn-«-tbm-sS a-\-kÀ-¸n-¡p-¶p. kn-\n-am\nÀ-am-W-sa¶-Xv F-fp-¸-¸-Wn-b-sövv km-{µ k-½-Xn-¡pw. ""sse-äv t_m-bn ap-X Xm-c-§Ä h-sc ]-e X-«n-ep-Å-h-scbpw ]-e kz-`m-h-co-Xn-IÄ D-Å-h-scbpw amk-§-tfm-fw H-cp-an-¨p tNÀ-¯v sIm≠p-t]m-I -Ww. jq-«nw-Kn-\p ap¼pw ]n-¼p-ap-Å B-kq-{X-W§Ä.

F-Un-änwKv, an-Iv-knwKv, U-ºnw-Kv ... A§-s\ ]eImcy§Ä. XoÀ-¨-bm-bpw k½À-Z-ap-≠v. ]-t£ Rm\-Xv B-kz-Zn-¡p-I-bmWv. Im-cWw, C¶-s¯ k-½À-Z-§-Ä \mf-s¯ k-t´m-j-§-fm-sW¶v F-\n-¡-dn-bmw." tIÄhn-¡m-cn-te¡pw {]-k-cn-¡p-¶ B-ß-hn-izm-k-t¯m-sS km-{µ hn-i-Zo-I-cn¡-p¶p. ""kn\na. Hcp Hm-¸¬ C³-U-kv-{SnbmWv. BÀ-¡p-w

h-cmw, B-scbpw kzo-I-cn-¡pw. ]-t£ C-hn-sS kÀ-sshhv sN-¿m-\m-Wv {]-bm-kw. Rm\n-hn-sS Im-gv-N-¡m-cn-bmbn h-¶-XÃ. \-Ã \nÀ-am-Xm-hm-bn t]-sc-Sp-¡m³, hnP-bw t\-Sp-hm-\m-bnXs¶ h-¶-Xm-Wv." AXp-sIm-≠pX-s¶ kv{Xo F-¶ \n-e-bn-ep-Å hn-th-N-\-§-fn-tet¡m ]-cn-KW-\-I-fn-tet¡m _p-²n-ap-«p-I-fn-tet¡m km-{µ {i-²-hbv-¡p-¶nÃ.

"F-hn-Sp-¶p In«n Cu BÀ-Phw' F-¶p tNm-Zn-¨mÂ, sIm-¨n-bn Xm-a-kn-¡p¶ Cu N-§-\m-tÈ-cn-¡m-cn, A-½ dq-_n tXm-a-kn-s\-¡p-dn-¨p ]-d-bpw. "F-sâ a-½n \à t_mÄ-Um-Wv. ]¸ tkm-_À ssS-¸m-Wv. ae t]msem-cp {]-iv-\w h-¶mepw a-½n Ip-ep-§nÃ. A-\m-h-iyam-bn sS³-j³ A-Sn-¡p-Itbm a-äp-Åh-sc sS³-j³ A-Sn-¸n-¡p-Itbm CÃ. 'C-{Xb-tà h-¶pÅp' F-¶v ] d-ªv \-ap-¡pw ss[cyw ]-I-cpw. Xr-iq-cnse HÃp-cn A-½-bp-sS A-½-tbm-sSm-¸-am-bn-cp-¶p F-sâ Ip-«n-¡mew. A½-¨n ]-d-ªp X-¶n-«p-Å ho-c-km-l-kn-I -I-YIÄ, AsX-¶n-se {In-tb-än-hn-än h-fÀ-¯m³ k-lm-bn¨n-«p-≠m-Imw.'' Cu {In-tb-än-hn-änbpw kw-cw-`-I-an-I-hpw ITn-\m-[zm-\hpw k-aw tNÀ¯v ]-W-an-d-¡n \nÀ-an-¡p-¶ kn-\n-a-IÄ km-{µ-bptStXm kw-hn-[mbItâtXm F-¶p tNm-Zn-¨pt\m-¡q. B-tem-Nn-¨v H-cp \n-an-jw t]m-epw ]mgm-¡m-sX km-{µ ]-d-bpwþ "ss{^-tU ^nenw lu-kn-sâ kn\n-a-I-fm-h." H-cp kn-\n-abpw kw-hn-[m-b-Itâtbm \n À-am-Xm-hntâtbm am-{X-a-sÃ-¶p hn-iz-kn-¡p-¶ km{µ, kw-hn-[mI-s\ Xo-cp-am-\n-¨p I-gn-ªm A-bmÄ-¡p ]qÀ-W- kzm-X-{´yw \Â-Ipw. "kw-hn-[m-b-I\pw B kn\n-a-sb-¡p-dn-¨v kz-]v-\-§fpw Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-I-fpw D-≠mIpw. ]qÀ-Wam-b kzm-X-{´yw sIm-Sp-¯m-te A-bm-fn \n¶v \à t{]m-U-Iv-äv In-«p-I-bp-Åp.'

A-§s\-sbm-cp \à t{]m-U-Iv-än-\p-Å Aw-Ko-Im-csa-t¶m-Ww A-`n-\-µ-\-§Ä A-dn-bn-¡m\pw k-t´m-jw ]-¦n-Sm\pw hn-fn-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡mbn km{µ tXm-a-kn-sâ sam-ss_ \nÀ-¯m-sX ]m-Sp-I-bm-Wvþ "_m-ey-¯n \mw I-≠ Hm-aÂ-¡n-\m-hp-IÄ...'

17

C´y³ hn-]-Wn-bn-se B-`y-´-c -D-¸m-Z-\-¯n-sâ 30 i-X-am\w kq£v-a, sN-dp-In-S, C-S¯-cw kw-cw-`-§-fpsS (Fw-F-kv-Fw-C) kw-`m-h-\-bm-Wv. G-ähpw Iq-Sp-X hn-tZ-i-\mWyw t\-Sn-¯-cp-¶ ta-J-ebpw C-Xp-X-s¶. cm-Pys¯ hyhkm-b h-fÀ-¨-sb \nÀ-®-bn-¡p-¶-Xn {] [m-\ ]-¦p-h-ln-¡p¶ Fw-F-kvFw-C cwK-s¯ anI¨ Øm]-\-§sf ]-cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶ ]w-àn.

¨v th-≠{X A-h-Km-lw CÃm¯ ImeL«¯n AXnsâ km[yXIsf Bg¯n a\kn-em-¡n- amÀ-¡-änw-KneqsS hnPb-bm-{X \-S¯nb k-ap-{Z-sb¡p-dn-¨m-Wv C¯-h-W Fw-F-kvFw-C ¢n-\n-¡nÂ

F-^vBÀ]n ]Ä-kv a-\-kn-em-¡n-b Xp-S-¡w

F ^vBÀ]n t_m«pIfpsS km[yXIfnte¡v Cd§ns¨¶

FwFkvFwC Øm]\amWv kap-{Z jn-¸vbmÀUv. XSn t_m«pIfpw Ccp¼v

t_m«pIfpw Ac§phmWncp¶ C´y³ hn-]-Wn-bn ss^_À t_m«pIfpsS km-[y-X-IÄ sX-fn-bn¨p-sIm-≠m-bn-cp¶p kap-{Z-bp-sS ap-t¶äw.

F^vBÀ]n t_m-«p-I-sf-¡p-dn-

F Pn kq[mIc³ F¶ hyhkmbnbpsS a¡-fmbn P\n-¨-Xn-\m hyhkm-bw F¶Xn Ihnªv H¶pw Nn´n¡phm³ Acp¬ kp[mI-c\pw lmcojv kp[mI-c\pw Poh³ kp[mIc\pw km[n¡pambncp¶nÃ. Ìo t_m«v \nÀamW cwK¯v sshhn[yh¡cWw Bcw`n¨ AÑsâ ]mXsb IqSpX sXfnthmSpw angnthmSpw ho-£n-¨-Xm-bn-cp-¶p hy-h-km-bcwK¯v C-h-À-¡v apX¡q«mbXv. 1986 apX 1989 hscbpÅ ImeL«¯n Hcp hyhkmbn t\ cntS≠ FÃm shÃphnfnIfpw ImWphm\pw a-\-kn-em-¡m\pw ChÀ¡p km[n¨p. \mect¡mSnbpsS HmÀU dpIÄ ssIbnencn¡pt¼mfpw Aѳ hfÀ¯nsbSp¯ hyhkmbw km¼¯nI {]XnkÔnbn-em-bn. Nne _mly iànIfpsS k½ÀZw \n an¯w 300Hm-fw sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ ]-Wn-sbSp-¯n-cp-¶ Øm-]-\-w 1989 \n Ýeambn. Cu A\p`h§Ä ap¶n \nÂ-¡pt¼mgmbncp¶p ]pXnb Hcp t_m«v I¼\nsb¶ Bibhpambn a¡Ä Cd§n¯ncn¡p¶Xv. Aѳ hntZicmPy§fn \n¶pw a\ knem¡nb km[yXIfnembncp¶p a¡fpsS I-®v. F^vBÀ]n F¶ \q X-\ D¸-¶-¯n {]-Xo-£-b-À¸n¨v Bdp-sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-am-bn-«m-bn-cp-¶p k-ap{Zbp-sS XpS¡w.

F´p-sIm-≠p F-^vBÀ]n B-tKm-fkm-[y-X-IÄ Ir-Xy-am-bn ] Tn¨-Xn-\p ti-j-am-bn-cp-¶p ss^-_À sX-c-sª-Sp-¯Xv. e`y-X G-sd Ip-d-ª X-Sn-bn-emWv C-¶v G-sdbpw t_m-«p-IÄ \nÀ-an-¡p-¶Xv. X-Sn-¡p ]I-cwh-bv-¡m³ km-[n¡p-¶ G-I D¸-¶w F-¶-Xm-Wv F-^vBÀ-]n-bpsS {]-tXy-I-X. D-Zm-l-cW-am-bn H-cp lu-kv t_m-«v \nÀ-an-¡m³ an-\n-aw \q-dp hÀ-jw ]-g-¡-ap-Å 10 Bªn-en X-Sn thWw. \n-e-hn ]mem Cu-cm-äp-t]-« `mK-¯p \n-¶m-Wv X-Sn e-`n-¡p¶Xv. ZuÀ-e`yw a-dn-IS¶v XSn e-`n-¨m X-s¶ \nÀ-am-W-¯n\v A-Xnhn-ZKv-[cmb sXm-gn-em-fnI-sf B-h-iyap≠v. ]-Wn ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡m-³ Ip-d-ª-Xv Bdpam-ksa-¦n-epw F-Sp¡pw. Cu-b-h-kc-¯n-em-Wv ss^-_-dn-\v km-[y-X-tbdp-Xv. ]-t£, C-Xn-ep-ap-≠v shÃp-hnfn. km-[m-c-W-¡mÀ¡v sss^-_À ¥mkv do C³t^mgvkvUv ¹m-Ìn-¡ns\-¡p-dn¨v hy-àam-b [m-c-W-bnÃ.

C-cp-¼n-t\-¡mÄ _-e-ap-Å-Xpw, A-epan-\n-b-s¯-¡mÄ `mcwIp-d-ª-Xp-amb D-¸-¶-am-Wv F-^vBÀ]n F-¶ A-dn-hnÃm-¯-Xn-\m ]-ecpw kp-c-£sb-¡p-dn-¨v B-i-¦-s¸-Sp¶p. F-¶m Ccp¼psIm≠p≠m¡p¶ t_m«nsâ icmicn Bbpkv 10 hÀjamsW¦nÂ

18

(hmÀjnI s]bnânwKpw, sabnâ\³kpw IrXyambn \S¯nbm am{Xw) F-^v BÀ]n t_m«nsâ B-bpkv 25 hÀjamWv. sa-bvâ-\³-kv sNehmIs« Xptemw \nkmc-w. C-sXÃmw I-W-¡n-se-Sp¯psIm-≠v F-^v-BÀ]n Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡p-Ibm-bn-cp¶p.

shÃp-hn-fn-bp-sS ]m-X-bn G-sXm-cp hy-h-km-b¯nepw shÃphn-fn-I-Ä kzm-`m-hn-I-amWv. k-ap-{Zbpw shÃp-hn-fnI-sf k-aÀ-°-am-bn t\-cn-«-hÀ Xs¶. tX¡Sn t_m-«-]-IS-s¯ Xp-SÀ-¶v Kp-cp-X-cam-b {]-Xn-k-Ôn-bm-Wv I-¼-\n A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t¡-≠n h-¶Xv. sNss¶ tI-{µ-am-¡n {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶ H-cp I¼-\n \nÀ-an-¨ ss^-_À t_m-«m-bn-cp-¶p A-]I-S-¯nÂ-s¸-«Xv. ss^-_À t_m-«p-IÄ kp-c-£n-X-asÃ-¶ H-cp hm-Zw Zp-c´-s¯ Xp-SÀ¶v i-àn-{]m-]n-¨p. 15 am-k-t¯m-fw t_m«p-I-Ä hnÂ-¡p-hm³ km-[n-¡m-¯ A-hØ-bp≠m-bn. A-Xp-h-sc-bp-≠m-bn-cp-¶ _n-kn-\-kn knwl`mKhpw \-ã-s¸«psh-¶v am-{Xaà ]-e an-I¨ sXm-gn-emfn-Ifpw I-¼\n-tbmSv hn-S ]-d-bp-I-bpw sN-bvXp. ]-t£, tXm¡p-I F¶-Xv H-cp amÀ-K-am-bn Im-Wm-Xn-cp-¶Xp -sIm≠pX-s¶ Iq-Sp-X ]-Ww Is≠¯n I-¼-\n-bn-te-¡p ap-S-¡n-s¡m-≠n-cp¶p.

H¶pw sh-dp-sX-bm-bnÃ, {]-Xm-]Im-ew Xn-cn-¨p]n-Sn-¨v I¼-\n Iq-Sp-XÂ I-cp¯-\mbn. 1917se C-³-seâ v sh-ÊÂ B-Îv ]-cn-jv-I-cn¨v t_m«v \nÀam W cwK¯v IrXyamb Hcp \nbaw Kh¬sa³dv \S¸n-em-¡n-bXpw Cu hyhkmb¯n\v hfscb[nIw KpWw sNbvXp.

D-¸¶ ssh-hn[yw C-¶p I¼-\n {]-[m-\-am-bpw aq-¶p ta-J-eIÄ- tI-{µo-I-cn-¨mWv {]-hÀ-¯n¡p-¶-Xv. hn-t\m-Z k©m-cw, {]Xn-tcm[w, a-Õy_-Ô-\w. C´ybnse an¡ kwØm\§Ä¡pw ]pdsa hntZi cmPy§fnepw I¼-\n km-¶n[yw A-dnbn-¡p¶p. I-¼-\n-bp-sS am-t\-Pv-saâ v Imcy-§Ä¡v lmcnjpw \nÀ-am-W {]-{In-bIÄ-¡v A-cpWpw hn]W\taJebnse Imcy-§Ä¡v knCH Bb tUm. Po-h-\pamWv Nq-¡m³ ]n-Sn-¡p-¶Xv. {]-Xn-tcm-[ ta-J-e-bnepw I-¼\n-bp-sS km-¶n-[y-sa¯n-¡m³ ChÀ-¡v km-[n¨p a-Õy_-Ô-\ ta-J-e-bn k-ap-{Z h³ h-fÀ-¨-bp-sS ]m-X-bn-emWv. tem-wKv sse³ a-Õy_-Ô\ t_m-«p-IÄ \nÀ-an¡p-¶-Xn k-ap-{Z-bv-¡p-Å taÂ-t¡mbv-a a-ämÀ¡pw A-h-Im-i-s¸-Sm-\m-InÃ. {] IrXnZ¯hpw ]c¼cmKXhpamb aÕy_Ô-\ co-Xn-bm-Wv tem-wKv sse³ a-Õy_-Ô-\w. C-Xn-\mbn \nÀ-an-¡p¶ t_m-«p-IÄ k-ap-{Z-bp-sS D-¸¶ sshhn-[y-¯n-sâ D-Zm-l-c-WamWv. a-Õy_Ô-\ ta-J-e I-gn-ªm I¼\n Iq-SpX {i-² tI-{µo-I-cn-¡p¶-Xv Sq-dnkw ta-J-e-bn-emWv. Sq-dn-kw cw-K-s¯ tI-c-f-¯n-sâ km[y-X-IÄ-¡v G-sd k-lm-b-I-amIpw Cu hy-hkm-b taJe. 23 hÀj-s¯ {]-hÀ¯-\ ]m-c-¼-cy-hpw {]-Xn-k-Ôn-I-fp-sS Np-gn-bnÂ-s¸-Sm-¯ I-cp-¯p-am-bn kap-{Z ap-t¶-äw Xp-S-cp-I-bmWv.

MSME Q&A

sNdpInS¡mÀ¡v {]tXyI hmbv]m ]²XnIfpambn s^Ud _m¦v Cet{SmWnIv do NmÀPv sht≠gvkv I¨hS¯n\v D]tbmK£aamb h-kvXphIIfpsS skIyq-cnänbn hmbv]þ Cu hn`mK¯nÂ

c≠p ]²XnI-fm-bmWv s^Ud _m-¦v hm-bv-]-IÄ \Â-Ip¶Xv 1. F-kvFwC tem¬ FK³Ìv t{]m¸À«n 2. tem¬ FK³Ìv sdâ v dnkoh_nÄkv.

kq£va, sNdp-InS, CS¯cw kwcw`§Ä¡v (FwF-kv-FwC) BIÀjWobamb hm-bv]m

]²XnIfmWv s^Ud _m¦v Hcp¡nbncn¡p¶Xv. hnPbkm[yXbpÅ ]²XnIÄ¡v _m¦v IqSpX {]m [m\yw \ÂIp¶p. \nehnse _nkn\knsâ hnPb km-[yX, HmUnäUv _me³kv jo-äv, t{]m^n-äv B³Uv tem-kv F¡u≠v, aqe-[\w, IcpX [\w, _n-kn\ kv Bh-iyw, s{]mtam«dqsS Hmlcn ]¦mfn¯w, At]£Isâ kÂt¸cv, imJIfn A-t]-£Is\¸änbpff A`n{]mbw XpS§nb Imcy§sfm-s¡ ]-cn-tim-[n-¨ tijw am{Xta hmbv] A\phZn¡pIbp-Åq.

s{IUnäv Kymcân kvIow Fw-F-kvFw-C cwK-s¯ ]pXn-b kw-cw-`-IÀ-¡v klmbw \ÂIp¶Xn\mWv s{IUnäv Kymcân kvIow sIm≠ph¶Xv. kq-£va, sNdpInS hyhkmb§fn DÄs¸Sp¶ FÃm bqWnäpIÄ¡pw sImfmäd skIypcnän CÃmsX 10 e£w cq] hsc hmbv-] \ ÂIp¶ kvIoamWnXv. AXpt]mse sImfmäd skIypcnän CÃmsX Xs¶ AÀlXbpsS ASnØm\¯n Hcp tImSn cq]hsc \ÂIp¶ ]²XnIfpap-≠v. kn-PnSnFwFkvC (s{IUnäv Kymcân ^≠v {S-Ìv t^mÀ ssat{Im B³Uv kvtamÄ F-âÀ-ss{]kkv)bpambn tNÀ¶mWv s^Ud _m¦v Cu hm-bv]m ]²Xn¡v cq]w \ÂIn-bXv. ]p¯³ Xeapd hyh-km-bn-IÄ¡v A-h-cpsS kz]v\ §fpw Bib§fpw A\pkcn¨pÅ Hcp sNdpInS hyhkmbw Bcw`n¡p¶Xn-\p sIm-fm-ä-d sk-Iyq-cnäntbm aq-¶m-asXmcmfpsS Kymcântbm CÃmsX _m¦v hmbv] e`y-am-¡m-\m-Wv tI{µ K-h¬saâ v knUv_nbpam-bn tN-cv-¶v s{IUnäv Kymcân ^≠v {S-Ìv B-cw-`n-¨Xv. ]pXpXmbn XpS§n-bhbv¡pw \nehn-ep-Åhbv¡pw s^U-d _m-¦v C-¯-c-¯n H-cp tIm-Sn cq-] h-sc hmbv-] \Â-Ip¶p. hmbv] hm§nb BÄ Xs¶ CXn\m bn sam¯w XpIbpsS 80 iXam\w h-sc (kv-{Xo-IÄ/ kn-¡nw t]m-ep-Å hS-¡p In-g-¡³ kw-Øm-\-§-fn-se bq-Wn-äpIÄ) Kymcân IhÀ \Â-I-Ww. kq£va Øm-]\-§Ä¡v \ÂIp¶ 5 e£w hscbpÅ hm-bv]bv¡v 85 iXam\amWv Kymcân \ÂtI≠Xv.

D¸¶ Ah[n hym]mc _nkn-\kv \nbam[nãnXam-b I-t½mUnän G-Iv-kv-tN©pIfnse D¸¶ Ah[n hym]mc _nkn\Ên\v A\phZn¡p¶ hmbv]bmWnXv. D]t`màm¡fpsS hym]mcw kw_Ôn¨v AwKoImcapÅ shbÀlukpIfn kq£n¨n«p-Å D¸¶§fpsS skIypcnän-bnemWv hmbv] A\phZn-¡p-I. tIm¬{SmIväv XpIbvs¡m¸w BZy amÀPn³ tNÀ¯v, AXn \n¶v Ahkm\ hn] Wnhne {]Imcw AS¨tXm e`n¨tXm Bb amÀPn³ XpI Ipd¨p In«p¶ XpIbpsS 85 iXam\amWv hmbv-] \Â-IpI. ]pXnb _n-kn\kv Øm]n¡Â, \nehnepÅhbpsS \hoIcn¡Â, ssZ\wZn\ NnehpIÄ¡v ]Ww Is≠¯Â F¶o Bhiy§Ä¡v hnhn[ Xcw hmbv] IÄ s^Ud _m¦v Hcp¡nbn«p≠v.

Ch Xmsg sImSp¡p¶p. s^Ud kÀhnkv tems^Ud t{StUgvkv tems^Ud C³Ukv{Snb tems^Ud {Smh GPâ vkv tem¬ kvIow Akäv ]hÀ kvIow s^Ud tKmÄUvkvan¯v tem¬ kvIow P\d s{IUnäv ImÀUv kvIow sIm-ta-gvky sh-ln¡nÄ ^n\m³kv kvIow tem¬ Sp Uotegvkv Hm^v tlmw Ass¹³kkv tem¬ Sp samss_Â/UnSnG¨v/AXÀ

19

Sqdnkw

CsI \yqkv_yqtdm

tIap³cf¯nsâ tjm¸nwKv- amam¦w, hÀj§sf At]£n¨v GKSF

Ht«sd ]pXpaItfmsSbmWv Cu hÀjw F¯p¶Xv. Zp_mbv tjm¸nwKv- s^kv-än-hen\p kam\ambn tIcf¯n \S¡p¶ Cu tjm¸nwKv- atlmÕhw 2007 B-cw-`n¨-Xp ap-X CXphsc kÀ¡mÀ t\cn«mWv \S¯nbncp¶sX

¦n C¯hW hym]mcn hyhkmbn IfpsS ]n´pWbp-ambn IqSpX anI¨ coXnbnemWv- hn`mh\w sNbvXn«pÅXv. IqSpX I¨hS ]¦mfn¯w, DbÀ¶ tjm¸nwKv- \n-c¡v, D¯chmZnXz Sqdnkw F¶o B-i-b-§Ä A-Sn-Øm-\-am¡n ap-t¶m-«p t]mIm\mWv C¯hW GKSFsâ- e£yw. AXn\mbn Sqdnkw UbdÎÀ lcnIntjmÀ sF-FFkv

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING Karicode, TKMC P.O., Kollam - 691 005. Ph : 0474 - 2712024, 2713126 . Web: tkmce.org Regular B.Tech. Engg. Degree Courses : Civil , Mechanical, Electrical & Electronics, Chemical, Production, Computer Science, Electronics & Communication, B.Arch.

Part Time Engg. Degree Courses : Civil, Mechanical, Electrical & Electronics M.Tech. Programme Regular : Industrial Refrigeration & Cryogenic, Structural & Construction Management, Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Instrumentation &Control, Computer Science, Communication System.P.G Regular Courses : MCA & P.G Part-Time (Evening Course) - MBA (Approved by AICTE & Affiliated to University of Kerala)

COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCE Karicode, TKMC P.O., Kollam - 691 005. Ph : 0474 - 2711817, 2712240. Web:tkmcas.org Degree Courses : B.Sc. - Botany, Zoology, Physics, Chemistry, Maths, Bio-Chemistry; B.Com., B.Com with Computer Application, BA-Islamic History, English PG Courses : M.Sc.Physics, Chemistry, Bio Chemistry, Maths; M.Com; MA - English. PG Diploma Programmes (Continuing Education Programmes): Library Science, PPTTC, Tally, C++, Councelling & Yoga. Add on Courses : Hospitality Management, Business Management. (Affiliated to University of Kerala)

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT Musaliar Hills, Karuvelil P.O., Kollam - 691 505.

Ph : 0474 - 2482465, 2483527. Web:tkmim.org M.B.A. (Full Time - Accredited by the National Board of Accreditation (NBA) New Delhi) One of Kerala’s premier B-schools, which has laid a benchmark in consistently turning out top-notch management professionals.

(Approved by AICTE & Affiliated to University of Kerala.)

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Musaliar Hills, Karuvelil P.O., Kollam - 691 505.

Ph : 0474 - 2482833, 2482083. Web : tkmit.ac.in B.Tech. Engg. Degree Courses : Electronics & Communication, Computer Science, Mechanical, Electrical and Electronics, Food Technology, Bio-Medical Engineering & Civil Engineering.

M.Tech.Programme: VLSI & Embedded Systems, Computer & Information Science, Software Engineering, Signal Processing, Opto Electronics.

(Recognised by the Cochin University of Science & Technology)

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE Musaliar Hills, Karuvelil P.O., Kollam - 691 505.

Ph : 0474 - 2165246 /47 /48 Courses : B.Arch , Degree Course (Approved by Council of Architecture, New Delhi & Govt. of Kerala and recognised by the Cochin University of Science & Technology)

E-mail : tkmtrust@yahoo.com

HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL TKM College Complex, Kollam - 691 005.

Ph : 0474 - 2715670, 2719346 Web : tkmhss.org HighSchool : Admit Students from Std.VIII. (Under Directorate of Public Instruction, Kerala). +2 Course : Maths - Computer, Maths - Biology, Commerce- Maths, Commerce-Computer Application, Humanities ( Under Directorate of Higher Secondary Education,Kerala)

CENTENARY PUBLIC SCHOOL (SENIOR SECONDARY) TKM College Complex, Kollam - 691 005.

Ph : 0474 - 2711939, 2715650. Web : tkmcps.org Courses : 1st to XII. +1 Options : Maths - Biology, Maths - Computer / Engineering Drawing, Biology - Computer / Malayalam, Commerce (CBSE- Central Board of Secondary Education) TKM Kindergarten : Play School, LKG & UKG

SCHOOL OF COMMUNICATION & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TKM College Complex, Kollam - 691 005 Ph : 0474 - 2719952, 2715232, 2719216. Web : tkm_scit@yahoo.co.in Distance Education Programme of MADURAI KAMARAJ UNIVERSITY Degree Courses : BBA, B.Com., B.Sc. (Psychology), B.Lisc., PG Courses : MBA, M.Com, MCA. M.Sc. (Electronics & Communication, Maths, Psychology) MA - (English, Tourism Management, Labour Management). PG Diploma Courses : School Administration, Hospitality Management, Journalism & Mass Communication.

20

`cW NpaXe h-ln-¡p¶ kanXnbpw cq]oIcn¨v Ignªp. tjm¸nwKv- Sqdnk¯n A£cmÀ°¯n amä¯nsâ Hcp apJ-ambn-cn¡pw C-¯-hWs¯GKSF. ImkÀtKmUvapX Xncph\´]pcw hsc 14 PnÃ-Ifpw Cu tjm-¸nw-Kv am-am-¦-¯n-sâ `m-K-amIpw. kwØm\s¯ hym]mcn hyhkmbnIsf CXn DÄs¸Sp¯p¶tXmsS 10 e£¯n ]cw hym]mcn IÄ GKSF t\cn«v `mKamIpw. GKSFs\ XpSÀ¶pÅ \dps¡Sp-¸nsâ k½m\¯p-I Hcp tImSnbmbn DbÀ¯nbn«p≠vv F-¶Xpw P\ {]n-b-X hÀ-[n-¸n¡pw. Ign-ª F«p amks¯ amµyw Ignªv, {Inkvakv, \yq CbÀ F¶nhsb ap³\nÀ¯n, em`w sIm¿m\p-Å A-h-kc-amWv GKSFeqsS hym]m cn-IÄ-¡v e-`n-¡p¶Xv. AXpsIm≠v Xs¶ A£cmÀY¯n Zp_mbv tjm¸nwKv- s^Ìnhens\bmWv GKSF amXrIbm¡p¶Xv. hym-]m-cn hy-h-km-bnIÄ¡v Ign-ª Bdp XhWbpw GKSF ]¦mfnIfmIm³ Ignbm¯Xnsâ ]cn`hw XoÀ¡Â IqSnbmIpw Cu ]¦mfn¯w.

14 PnÃIfn Bdv tI{µ§fnembn sam¯w 84 thZnI-fnembmWv GKSF \S¡p-¶Xv. tImgn-t¡mSv Bcw`n¡p¶ tjm¸nwKv- s^Ình Xr-iq-cn k-am-]n ¡pw. s^Ìnhensâ `mKambn IemkÔyIÄ apX `£ytafIÄ hsc kwLSn¸n¡s¸Spw. 10 e£¯ntesd kµÀiIsc e£yanSp¶ GKSF tIcf¯nsâ Sqdnkw cwK¯v asämcp \m-gnI¡ÃmIpw F¶v \nkwibw ] d-bmw.

Fjy-bnse F-ähpw henb tjm¸nwKv DÕ-h-amb {Km³Uv tIcfm tjm¸nwKv s^Ìn-h-en-sâ Ggmw kokWnse ssSän kvt]m¬kÀ s^U-d _m-¦mWv. hym]m-chpw Sqdn-k-hp-am-Wv GKSF e£yw h-bv-¡p¶ taJ-e-IÄ F-¶-Xn-\m Ahkc§fp-sS henb hmXmb\§fmWv aebm-fnIÄ¡v ap¶n Xpd¡p-¶Xv.

{Km³-Uv tI-cf tjm¸nw-Kv s^-Ìn-h G-gmw ko-k¬ ]pXn-b thj-¸-IÀ-¨-tbm-sS-bm-Wv F-¯p-¶Xv. I-gn-ª B-dv ko-k-Wp-I-fnepw kÀ-¡mÀ t\-cn-«v \-S-¯nbn-cp-¶ Cu tjm-¸nw-Kv tPm-_n hn DÕhw C-Xm-Zy-am-bn Np¦¯v tI-c-f hym-]mcn hy-hkm-bn G-tIm-]-\ k-anXn-bp-sS k-l-I-c-W-t¯m-sS \-S-¯p-¶p.

AXp-sIm-≠pX-s¶ ap³ hÀ-j§-sf A-t]-£n-¨v hym]m-c Øm-]-\-§-fp-sS c-Pn-kv-t{S-j-\n h³ ap-t¶-ä-ap-≠m-Ipsa-¶v kmcw. {Km³-Uv tI-cf tjm-¸nw-Kv s^-Ìn-h Ggmw ko-k-Wn-sâ {]-tXy-IX-I-sf-¡p-dn¨pw C-{]m-hiyw D-≠m-Ip-¶ am-ä-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨pw tI-c-f hym-]m-cn hyh-km-bn G-tIm-]-\ k-anXn kwØm-\ P-\-d sk-{I«dn tPm-_n hn Np¦-¯v kw-km-cn-¡p-¶p...

tI

-c-f-¯nse hym-]m-cn hy-h-km-bn G-tIm-]-\ k-an-Xn ]-¯v e-£-t¯m-fw hym-]m-cn-IÄ DÄ-s¸-Sp-¶ kw-L-S-\-bmWv. I-gn-ª X-h-W kÀ-¡mÀ FÃm amÀK-ap-]-tbm-Kn-¨n«pw tI-c-f-¯n-se sam-¯w I-¨-h-S-¡m-cn G-gm-bn-c-¯n Xm-sg am{Xw I-¨-h-S-¡m-sc-bm-Wv GKSF ]-¦mfn-I-fm-¡m³ km-[n-¨Xv. Iq-SmsX saKm-

tjm, C-hâpIÄ, tdm-Uv tjm Xp-S-§n- ]-e t{]m -{Km-ap-I-fpw \-S-¯n-sb-¦nepw A-sXm¶pw Xs¶ P-\§-fn-te-s¡-¯n-bn-cp-¶nÃ. tIc-f-¯nse I-¨-h-S-¡mcp-am-bn bm-sXm-cp _-Ôhp-anÃm-¯ X-c-¯n-em-bn-cp¶p C-Xph-sc {Km³-Uv tI-cf tjm-¸nw-Kv s^-Ìn-h \-S-¶n-cp-¶-Xv. F-¶m C-{]m-hiyw tI-c-f hym-]m-cn hy-h-km-bn G-tIm-]-\ k-an-Xn-bp-sS k-l-I-c-Wt-- ¯m-sS \-S-¯p-¶-Xn-\m A-Xn-\v Im-cyamb am-äw h-cp-sa-¶v D-d-¸n-¡mw.

sd-t¡mUv c-Pn-kv-t{S-j-³ {]-Xo-£n¡mw I-gnª GKSF 6341 c-Pn-kv-t{S-j³ am-{X-am-Wp-≠mbn-cp-¶Xv. F-¶m C-{]m-hiyw Xp-S-¡-¯n X-s¶ H-cp e-£w hym-]m-cnI-sf DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯m³ R-§Ä-¡mbn. G-I-tZ-iw \m-ev e-£w hym-]m-cnI-sf DÄ-s¸-Sp¯m-\m-Wv k-anXn D-t±-in-¡p-¶-Xv. Iq-Sm-sX k-½m-\-LS-\-bn-seÃmw k-a-{Kam-b am-ä-am-Wv C-{]m-h-iy-ap-Å-Xv. hym-]m-cn-IÄ¡pw P-\-§Ä¡pw D-]-Im-c-{]-Z-am-Ip-¶ X-c-¯n-em-Wv k½m-\L-S-\. H¶mwk-½m-\w H-cp tImSn cq-]bpw c≠mw k-½m-\w ]¯v e-£w ho-Xw 15 t] À¡pw aq¶mw k-½m-\w A-©v e-£w ho-Xw 20 t]

À¡pw \memw k-½m-\w H-cp e-£w ho-Xw 50 t]À-¡pam-Wv sIm-Sp-¡p¶-Xv. Hmtcm PnÃbnepw hn-ä-gn-¡p-¶ Sn-¡-äpIÄ DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m-≠v PnÃ-bnse Xn-c-sªSp-¯ B-dv Ø-e-§-fn- \dp-s¡-Sp-¸v \-S-¯pw. A-Xn \n¶pw F-«v {Kmw, \m-ev {Kmw, c-≠v {Kmw, H-cp {Kmw F-¶n§s\ kzÀ-W-\m-W-b§Ä \Â-Ipw. C¯c-¯n 9,000 \-dp-s¡-Sp-¸v \-S-¡p-sa-¶m-Wv I-cp-Xp¶Xv. H-cmgvN sXm-Åmbn-c-t¯m-fw \-dp-ss¡-Sp-¸v hnhn-[ PnÃ-I-fn-embn \-S-¯m³ km-[n¡pw. Sn¡-äv hnÂ-¸-\-bp-sS A-SnØm-\-¯n-em-bn-cn¡pw \-dp-s¡-Sp-¸v. I-gn-ª X-h-W hn-ä Sn-¡-äp-I-fp-sS F-®w 55 e-£-¯n Xm-sg-bm-bncp¶p. F-¶m C¯-hW A©v tIm-Sn-tbmfw Sn-¡-äpIÄ hnÂ-¡m-\m-Ip-sa-¶m-Wv {]-Xo-£.

hym-]m-cn-IÄ-¡pw k-½m-\w C-¯-hW-s¯ s^-Ìn-h-en D-]-t`m-àm-¡-sf-t¸mse hym-]m-cn-IÄ¡pw k-½m-\-ap-≠v. H-cp tIm-Sn-bp-sS k-½m-\-¯nsâ Sn-¡-äv sIm-Sp-¡p-¶ hym-]m-cn-¡v H-cp e£w cq-]bpw ]-¯v e-£-¯n-sâ Sn¡äv sIm-Sp-¡p-¶ hym-]m-cn-¡v 25,000 cq-]bpw A-©v e-£-¯n-tâ-Xn\v 10,000 cq-]bpw H-cp e-£-¯n-tâ-Xn-\v ]-Xn-\m-bn-cw cq-]-

bpw sIm-Sp-¡m³ Xo-cp-am-\-am-bn-«p≠v. Sn-¡-äv {]nânwKpw \-dp-s¡-Sp¸pw aäp Im-cy-§fpw kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ \n-b-{´W-¯n \-S-¡p-¶-Xn-\m kÀ-¡mÀ X-e-¯n-ep-Å kpXmcy-X \n-e-\nÀ-¯n-s¡m-≠m-Wv GKSF \-S-¯p-¶-Xv.

kuP-\y c-Pn-kv-t{S-j³ ap³- hÀ-j§fnÂ\n-¶v hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn ]-e t{K-Up I-fn-embn c-Pn-kv-t{S-j³ ^o-kv hm-§n-bn-cp-¶ k{¼-Zmbw C-{]m-h-iy-an-sÃ-¶-Xm-Wv {][m-\ k-hn-tij-X. C{]m-hiyw c-Pn-kv-t{Sj³ ku-P-\y-am-¡n ap-gp-h³ I-¨h-S-¡m-sc-bpw -GKSFsâ `m-K-am-¡m-\m-Wv {iaw. FÃm hn-`m-Kw hym-]m-cn-I-sfbpw FÃm kw-L-S-\-I-tfbpw H-s¯m-cp-an-¸n¨p-sIm-≠m-Wv tjm-¸nw-Kv s^-Ìn-h kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p¶Xv. P-\-§Ä-¡v D-]-Im-c-{]-Zam-bn ta-f-IÄ kw-L-Sn-¸n-¨m A-Xn P-\-]-¦m-fn-¯w D-b-cp-sa-¶-Xnsâ sX-fn-hm-Ipw C-¯-hW-s¯ -GKSF. I-gn-ª X-h-W kÀ-¡mÀ 25 tImSn cq-]-bm-Wv kÀ-¡mÀ s^-Ìn-h-en\mbn \o-¡nh-¨Xv. C-{]m-h-iyw 15 tIm-Sn cq-] a-Xn-sb¶m-Wv R-§Ä ]-d-ªn-«p-Å-Xv. A-{X-bpwsIm≠v GKSF Ggmw ko-k¬ hnP-b-I-c-am-¡m³ ]-äp-sa-¶- B-ß-hnizm-k-w tI-c-f hym-]m-cn hy-h-km-bn G-tIm-]-\ k-an-Xn¡p≠v.

ss]-Xr-I- `-h-\-§-fn-te¡v H-cp bm{X tI -c-f-¯n-sâ X\-Xv ]m-c-¼cyw hn-fn-t¨mXp¶ \qdpw ap-¶qdpw hÀ-jw ]-g-¡-ap-f-f ss]

Xr-I `-h-\-§-tfmSv hn-tZ-i hn-t\m-Z k-©m-cnIÄ-¡v {]n-b-ta-dp-¶p. {]apJ t^m-t«m-{Km-^À keow ]p-jv-]-\m-Yv hn-`mh-\w sN-bv-Xp X-bm-dm¡nb kv-s]-Iv-ä-¡peÀ tlmwkv Hm-^v tI-c-f F-¶ ]p-kv-X-Iw hntZ-in-Ifpw kz-tZ-in-I-fp-am-b hnt\m-Z k-©m-cnIÄ¡v tI-c-f-¯n-se A-Xn-]p-cm-X-\ ss]XrI `-h-\-§-fp-sS A-]qÀ-h Zr-iym-\p`-hw {]-Zm-\w sN-¿p¶p. ho-Sp-IÄ H-cp Znh-kw sIm-≠v ]-Sp¯p-bÀ-¯p-¶-XÃ, H-cp X-e-ap-d-bv-¡v th-≠n am-{X-ap-f-f-XpaÃ. H-cp Im-e-L-«-¯n-sâ-bmsI kmw-kv-Im-cn-I- X\n-a B-hm-ln-s¨-Sp-¯v hcpw X-e-ap-d-I-sf Im-¯n-cn-¡p-¶-h-bmWv s]Xr-I `-h-\-§Ä.

Cu K-W-¯nÂs¸-Sp-¶ tI-c-f-¯n-se 52 ss]Xr-I `-h-\-§-fp-sS Zr-iy-a-t\m-lmcn-X A-h-bp-sS X\n-a H«pw tNm-cm-sX X-s¶ H-¸nsb-Sp-¯n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv k-eow. ]p-kv-X-I-¯n ^o-¨À sN-bv-Xn-cn-¡p-¶ Nn-e `-h-\-§Ä-¡v ap¶q-dn-e-[n-Iw hÀ-j-§-fp-sS ]-g-¡-ap-≠v.

aäpf-fh 60Xn-e-[n-Iw hÀ-jw ]-g-¡-ap-f-fh-bpw. temI-s¯ an-I-¨ Sq-dn-kw tI-{µ-sa-¶v Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶ tI-c-f-¯n-sâ IÄ-¨-d Aw_m-kn-UÀ-amÀ F-¶p hn-ti-jn-¸n-¡m³ X-¡ {]u-Vn-bp-ff ss]Xr-I `-h-\-§-fn-te-¡m-Wv k-eow X-sâ Im-a-d-bp-am-bn C-d-§n-bXv. `m-c-¯nse Hmtcm kw-Øm-\-s¯bpw ss] Xr-I `-h-\§-sf ^o-¨À sN-¿p-¶ ]-c-¼-c-bpsS B-Zy-`m-K-am-Wv kv-s]-Iv-ä-¡p-eÀ tlmwkv Hm-^v tI-c-f. t_-¡À aptâm Ip-Spw-_w 1874 \nÀ-an¨ N-cn-{X-{]m-[m-\y-apff B-jv-en _w-¥mhv {_n-«o-jv cm-Pnsâ HmÀ-a-I-fn-te-¡v \-s½ ]n´n-cn-ªv \-S-¡m³ t{]-cn-¸n-¡pw. tIm-«b-s¯ Iq-«n-¡-en Øn-Xn sN-¿p-¶ B-jv-en _w-¥m-hn-se ^À-Wn-¨-dp-IÄ hn-tÎmdn-b³ Im-e-L-«-¯n \n¶pw {]-tNm-Z-\-apÄs¡m-≠hbmWv. ]p-kv-X-I-¯n-sâ G-ähpw hen-b k-hn-ti-j-X k-eo-an-sâ Iym-a-d H-¸nsb-Sp¯ ss]Xr-I `-h-\-§-fp-sS Kw-`o-c Nn{X-§Ä X-s¶-bmWv. a-e-bm-fn- lr-Z-b-t¯m-Sv tNÀ¯v F-s¶¶pw kq-£n-¨p-h-bv¡m³ Xm¸-cy-s¸-Sp-¶ H-cp ssI-¸p-kvXIw X-s¶-bm-Wv k-eo-an-sâ kv-s]-Iv-ä-¡p-eÀ tlmw-kv.

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tImÀ¸-tdäv

cgh earth {]m tZinIamb ]cnØnXnbpw kaql-hpw hy-Xykv-X kw-kv-Im-c-§fpw

coXn-Ifpw XpS§n FÃmw tNÀ¯ A\p`-h-sam-cp-¡pIbmWv FdWmIp-fw shÃnw-Kv-S¬ sFeâ v BØm-\-am¡n

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hyXykvX ssienbneqsS k©mcnIÄ-¡v kp-J-I-camb ]-cn-hÀ¯\ap-≠m-¡p¶ A\p`hw knPnF¨v FÀ¯v Dd¸pX-cp¶p. "Experiential Holidays" BWv I¼\n apt¶m«phbv¡p¶Xv

{]hÀ¯n¡p-¶ knPn-F¨v FÀ¯v F¶ tlm«Â {Kp¸v. 'Experiential Holidays' B-Wv k-©m-cn-IÄ¡v I¼\n hmKvZm\w sN¿p¶Xv. {] IrXntbmSpw kaqlt¯mSpw \mSnt\m Spap-Å D¯chm-Zn-¯-§Ä knPnF¨v FÀ¯v F¶t]cn Xs¶bp-≠v.

Clean, Green, Health F-¶n-h-bp-sS Np-cp-s¡-gp-¯m-Wv kn-Pn-F¨v. {] mtZinI ]cnØnXn, kaqlw, \ mSv F¶nhtbmSp-Å I-¼-\n-bpsS {] Xn_²X DÄsImÅp¶XmWv Earth F¶hm-¡v.

C-t¸mg-s¯ am-t\-Pnw-Kv U-b-dÎdmb tPmkv sUman\n¡nsâ ]n Xmhmb tUman\nIv tPmk^v B-Wv kn-PnF-¨v FÀ-¯n-sâ Xp-S-¡-¡mc³.

At±lw Imknt\m tlm«Â F¶ t]cn sd-kvtämdâ v B-Wv BZyw XpS§nb-Xv. 10 hÀj§Ä¡v tijw 1967 dqapIÄ IqSn tNÀ¯v t]cv Imknt\m tlm«Â F¶m¡n.

At±l¯n-sâ Bdp a¡fn aq¯bmfmb tPmkv sUman\nIv 1978emWv I¼\nbn tNcp¶-Xv. cmPohv KmÔnbpsS e£Zzo]v kµÀi\ kab-¯v hntZ-i \n-t£-]-§Ä-¡v t{]mÕml-\w \Â-In-b-t¸mÄ c-≠maXv tlm-«Â A-hn-sS B-cw-`n¨p. 1988embn-cp-¶p AXvv. A-tXm-sS Imknt\m tlm«Â, Imknt\m {Kq¸v Hm^v tlm«Â B-bn h-fÀ¶p. ]n¶oSmWv {]IrXnbpsS Dt·jhpw ] cnip²nbpw Xpfp¼p-¶ knPnF¨v GÀ¯v F-¶ t]-cv kzo-I-cn-¨v ]pXnb h-fÀ-¨-IÄ-¡v Xp-S-¡-an-«-Xv. C-¶v Z-£ntW´y-bn-se hn-hn-[-bn-S-§-fn 14 tlm«epIfnembn 350 dqapIÄ I¼ \n¡p-≠v. 1200Hmfw Poh\¡mÀ I¼ \nbpsS e£y§Ä \ndthäp¶Xn \mbn ]cn{ian¡p¶p.

"A\p`-hthZyamIp¶ Ah[n¡mew' AYhm "Experiential Holidays' BWv SqdnkwcwKs¯ ]p XnbXpw `mhn-bpÅXpamb B-i-b-sa¶v knPnF¨v FÀ-¯v amt\PnwKv UbdIvSÀ tPmkv sUman\n-Iv ]-d-bp¶p. `mhnbn Spdnk¯nsâ apJÑmb Xs¶ CXmbn-cn-¡pw. Cu Im-ä-Kdn-bn DÄs¸-Sm-¯-Xn-\m am{Xw tIm-«-b-¯p-≠m-bn-cp-¶ c-≠v sd-kv-tämdâp-IÄ hnÂ-¸-\ \S-¯n. ]cnØnXn, \mS³ kaqls¯ ]camh[n DÄs¸Sp¯Â, \m-S³ B-Nm-c§Ä F¶nh a\knem¡m³ C-sXms¡

k©mcnIÄ¡v Fsd Xm¸-cyamWv. Hmtcm Øe¯pw {]m-tZ-in-Iamb ssien ]n´pScp¶ R§fpsS tlm«epIÄ¡v A\p`-hthZyamIp¶ A-h-[n¡me¯nsâ Imcy¯n {] tXyI hyànXzw Xs¶ D≠m¡m³ I-gn-ªn-«p-s≠¶pw tPm-kv sUm-an-\n-Iv ]-d-bp¶p. tI{µ-þ-kw-Øm\ kÀ¡m-cp-IÄ, ]mä (PATA), kn-F³_nkn, thÄUv {Sm-hÂ, thÄUv {Smh amÀ-«v, amen\y \nb{´W t_mÀUv F¶nhbn \n ¶v e`n-¨ AwKoImc§Ä I¼\nbpsS {]hÀ¯\ coXn¡v In«nb AwKo-Im-c§-fm-Wv. B³Uam\n BZy-ambn Hcp tlm«Â Xp-S-§m-\p-Å H-cp-¡-¯n-emWv kn-PnF-¨v FÀ-¯v {Kq-¸v C-t¸mÄ C-Xn\pÅ Øew Gsä-Sp-¯pIgnªp.

AXpt]m-se ]pXnb tlm«Â s{]mPIvävkn\mbn IÀWmSI K-h¬saâpambn Hcp FwHbp H-¸n-«n-«p≠v. ]p-XpXmbn ]-e {][m\ Øe-§fnepw I-¼-\n-bp-sS em³Uv _m¦pIÄ cq-]o-I-cn-¨n-«p≠v. X©m-hqÀ, lw-]n, cmtaizcw, hb\m-Sv F-¶n-hnS-§-fn em³Uv _m¦pIÄ D≠v. sXt¡ C-´y¡p ]pd¯v Kp-P-dm-¯v, cmPØm³ XpS§nb Øe§fnte¡pw _n-kn\kv hym]n¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\v {i-a-§Ä Xp-S-§n-¡-gnªp. _lf§fn \n¶v amdnbpÅ tlm«epw AhnsS ]qÀW A[nImc§tfmsS Poh\¡mcpw, CXmWv I¼\nbpsS amt\-Pvsaâ v co-Xn. A[nImc§sfÃmw \ ÂInbn«ps≠¦nepw I¼\nbpsS ImXemb aqey§fn \n¶v ]pd¯p t]mIm³ bmsXmcp A\p hmZhp-anÃ. Hmtcm bpWnäpw slUv Hm^oknsâ klmbanÃmsX anI¨ coXnbn {]-hÀ-¯n¡Wsa¶Xm-Wv \bw. {]mtZinIamb hn`h§Ä D] tbmKs¸Sp¯nbpÅ \hoI-cWw, ]pXnb Bib§Ä ]co£n¡Â F-¶nhbv¡pw I¼\n FXncÃ. tIc-f-¯n C¯c¯n {]IrXn bpambn _Ôw Øm]n¨pÅ Sqdnk¯n\p [mcmfw km[yXIfps≠¶v tPmkv sUman \nIv A`n{]mbs¸«p. ChnSps¯ Blmcw, I-YIÄ, Imcy§Ä sN¿p¶coXn, Adnhp-IÄ, B-Nmc§Ä, inÂ-¸Ie, tbmK, BbpÀthZ XpS§nb Imcy§Ä¡v

tPmkv sUman\nIv

k©mcnIfpsS CSbn Gsd Xm¸cyw D≠mbn«p≠v. ipNoIcn¨Xpw sa¨s¸«Xpamb ]cnkcamWv FÃm k©mcnIfpw B{Kln¡p-¶-Xv. icnbmbn tPmen sN¿p¶hÀ¡v anI¨ A-h-[n¡mehpw BhiyamWv. Ahcp-sS Gähpw DXvIrãamb kabambXpsIm≠v AXv Gähpw A\p-`-hthZyam-¡Ww. ""Ah[n¡mew Ah\hsâ Bßmhn\v th≠nbpÅ XoÀYmS\amWv. Cu kabw {]mtZinIX A\p`hn¨v hyàn Ahsâ icochpw a\kpw Pzen¸n¡p¶p'' tPmkv sUman\nIv ]dbp¶p. "Local is Worldclass" AXmWv I¼\n apt¶m-«phbv-¡p-¶ Bibw. HmÀabn X§n\nÂ-¡p¶Xp am-{X-aà hy-àn-]-c-am-bn t]m-kn-äohmb amä§Ä D≠m¡p-¶Xpamb Ah[n¡meamWv knPnF¨v \ÂIp¶Xv.

knPnF-¨v FÀ-¯n-sâ D-S-a-Ø-X-bn-ep-Å a-äv tlm-«-epIÄ tlm-«Â s_³Im-cw sFeâ v dntkmÀ«v kvss]kv hntÃ-Pv sIm¡\«v e-Kq-kvss]kv tImÌv {Ipbnsk-kv amcmcn _o-¨v {_≠Wv t_m«vbmÀ-Uv NnäqÀ sIm«m-cw am-bvk¬ s]cp-amÄ hnkmew sN«n\m-Sv kzkzc Ifcn tImhneIw

Øew e£Zzo]v tX¡Sn IpacIw th¼\m-Sv sebv¡v amcm-cn¡pfw sIm¨n sIm¨n t]m-≠nt¨cn sN«n\mSv tKmIÀW sImÃt§mSv

23

tI-c-f-¯n-sâ `c-Ww H-cp amÀ-¨v]m-Ìv t]m-se-bmWv. se-^v-äv ssd-äv se-^v-äv F-¶ Xm-f-¯n Np-h-Sp-IÄ am-dn-am-dn h-cp¶p. se-^v-äv se-^v-äv se-^v-sä-t¶m, ssd-äv ssd-äv ssdssä-t¶m G-sX-¦nepw H-cp ]-£-t¯-¡v am-{X-am-bn- tI-c-f-¯n-sâ `c-Ww am-dn-bn«nÃ. H-cn-¡Â C-S-sX-¦n A-Sp-¯h-«w h-eXv. `-c-W-N{Iw Cu c-≠v {[p-h-§-fn-eq-sS h-«w I-d-§p-I-bmWv. AXp-sIm-≠p X-s¶ h-e-Xp]-£w `c-Ww Xp-S-cp-t¼mÄ C-SXp]-£ hn-I-k-\hpw NÀ¨ sN-t¿-≠-Xp≠v. A-h-cp-sS kz]v-\ ]-²-Xn-Ifpw hnI-k-\ A-P-≠-Ifpw AÀ-ln-¡p-¶ {]m-[m-\y-t¯m-sS X-s¶ {i-hn-t¡-≠-Xp≠v. {]-Xy-bimkv-{X ImÀ-¡-iy-¯n-sâ-bpw hÀ-K-t_m-[-¯n-sâbpw cm-{ão-b ]m-X-bn-eq-sS tI-c-f¯n B-g-¯n kzm-[o-\w t\Sn-b CS-Xp-]-£-¯n-sâ hn-I-k-\- A-P-≠-IÄ NÀ-¨ sN-¿p-I-bm-Wv -I-hÀ kv-täm-dn c¦p sI lcn-Zmkv

km

-{a-m-PyXzt¯mSpw ap-X-em-fn¯-t¯mSpw k-Ôn-bnÃm-¯ k-acw, A-[zm-\n-¡p-¶-h-\pw Nq-jn-X \pw H-¸w \nÂ-¡p-¶ {]-Xy-bim-kv-{XwþC-¡m-c-W-§Ä sIm≠v F¶pw hnI-k-\ hn-tcm-[n-IÄ F-¶ te-_ ho-Wn-«p-≠v C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n-sâ ]p-d¯v. -io-X-bp²-amIpw C-S-Xn-s\ C-{X-ta hnI-k-\ hn-tcm-[n-IÄ F-¶p Nn-{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\v N-cn-{X-]-c-am-b XpS-¡w \Â-In-b-Xv.- B-Zy-L-«-¯n se-\n-tâbpw Ìm-en-tâbpw t\-Xr-Xz-¯n \-S-¸n-em¡n-b \-b-§Ä-¡v ]n-´p-SÀ-¨ \-ã-s¸-«v tkm-hnb-äv bq-Wn-b³ X-IÀ-¶-Xpw C-S-Xp-]£-¯n-t\-ä I-\-¯ Xn-cn-¨-Sn-bm-bn.

F¶n-cp-¶mepw amÀ-Iv-kn-k-¯n-sâ km-aq-lyho-£-W-¯n-\v C¶pw {]-k-àn-bp≠v. C-´y-bpsS B-Zy-Ime- \-b-§Ä ]-eXpw d-jy-bn \n-¶pw ISwsIm-≠-Xm-bn-cp¶p. tN-cn-tN-cm-\-b-¯n-sâ `m-K-am-bn `mc-Xw \n-e-sIm-s≠-¦nepw Kp-W-I-cam-b ]-e-Xpw d-jy-bn \n-¶p ]-IÀ-¯m³ s\-lv-dp F-¶ tkmjy-en-kvän\p km-[n-¨p. s]m-Xp-hnX-c-W k-{¼-Zmbw, ]-©h-Õ-c ]-²-Xn-I-Ä F-¶n-h-sbÃmw D-Zm-l-cW§Ä. tkm-hnb-äv d-jy A-¡me-¯v t\-Sn-sb-Sp-¯ t\-«-§fpw NnÃ-dbm-bn-cp-¶nÃ. F-¶m tKmÀ-_-t¨-hn-sâ Im-ew B-b-t¸m-tg¡pw ]-g-b {]-Xm-]-¯n-sâ A-Øn-am-{X-am-bn d-jy amdn. AXp-sIm-≠p Xs¶ 1989

24

ASbmfs¸Sp¯s¸«ncn¡p¶Xv Ccp] Xmw \qäm≠nse tkmjyenk¯sn³d XIÀ¨bpsS hÀj-am-bn-«m-Wv. F-¶m B X-IÀ-¨-bv-¡n-S-bnepw em-än\-ta-cn-¡³ cm-Py-§-fn C-S-Xp-]-£-¯nâ kzm-[o-\w hy-à-am-bn h-cp-¶p-≠m-bn-cp¶p. C-¶p temI-¯v C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n-\p F-Sp-¯p ImWn-¡m-hp-¶ hn-P-b am-Xr-I-fm-bn sh-\n-tkz-e-bpw aäpw cq-]-s¸Sp¶-Xv C-tX Im-e-L-«-¯n X-s¶. 2008se B-tKm-f km¼¯n-I am-µy-Im-e-L-«-¯nepw ]-ecpw aq-e-[-\w F¶ am-Iv-kn-b³ ]p-kvX-Iw s]m-SnX-«n D-]-tbm-Kn-¡phm-\pw Xp-S-§n. tem-I k-¼-Zvhyh-Ø-bn-se \nÀ-Wm-b-I-i-ànbmbn ssN-\ h-f-cp-hm³ Xp-S-§n-bXpw I-½yq-Wnk-¯n-\v `m-hn-bp-s≠-¶ hm-Z-§Ä-¡v i-àn-]-

I˦p.

Ab-hnÃm-¯ {]Xy-bim-kv{X-§-fn Ip-Sp-§n \nÂ-¡msXhy-mh-km-bn-I-am-bn am-dp-¶ ap-J-am-Wv I-½yq-Wn-Ìp-IÄ¡v ssN-\-bnÂ. F-¦n-epw h-fÀ-¨-bp-sS L-«-§Ä {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X hn-ebn-cp-¯-epIÄ-¡p hn-t[-b-am-¡n C-t¸mgpw I-½yq-Wn-k-¯n X-s¶-bm-Wv ssN-\ Np-h-Spd-¸n-¡p¶Xv. Im-en-I-am-bn Nn-e am-ä-§Ä-¡p hn-t[-bam-Ip-¶p F-¶p am-{Xw. ssN\o-kv am-Xr-I-tb-¡mÄ kmaq-ly-hn-I-k-\-¯n-eq¶n-b em-än-\-ta-cn-¡-³ am-Xr-I-bn \n-¶v hnI-k-\ \-b-§Ä ISwsIm-Å-W-sa-¶ A-`n-{]m-b-am-Wv C-´y³ I-½yq-Wn-Ìp-I-fn h-fÀ-¶p h-cp-¶Xv. C-´y-bn P·n tI-{µoIr-X hy-h-Ø-bn \n-e-\n-¶n-cp-¶ `m-c-X-¯n-se Nq-jnX-cp-sS {]-iv-\-§-fn- k-Po-h-am-bn C-S-s]«p-sIm-≠v H-cp A-Sn-¯-d krãn-¡m³ C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n-\p km-[n¨n-«p≠v. ]Ýn-a _w-Km-fnepw {X-n-]p-cbn-epw tI-c-f-¯n-epw A-\h-[n XhW `-c-W-¯n-se-¯p-hm\pw I-½yq-Wn-Ìp-IÄ¡v km-[n-¨p. tI-{µ-¯n tIm¬-{Kkn-s\ ]n-´p-W-¨ L-«-§-fnseÃmw k½À-Z i-àn-bm-Ip-hm\pw km-[m-c-W P-\-§-fp-sS {]-iv-\-§-fn C-S-s]-Sp-hm\pw C-S-Xn-\p km-[n-¨n-«p≠v. H¶mw bp]n-F kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ `-c-W t\-«-§fmb {KmaoW sXmgnepd¸p ]²Xn, ImÀjnI ISmizmkw, h\mhImi \nbaw, hnhcmImi \nbaw, AkwLSnX sXmgnemfnIfpsS kmaqly kpc£m \nbaw, k¨mÀ I½oj³ ip]mÀiIfpsS ASnØm-\¯n \yq\]£§fpsS hnIk\¯n\pw km¼¯nI klmb¯n\papff tZiob tImÀ¸-td-j³ cq-]-h-¡cWw Xp-S§n-b Im-cy-§Ä C-S-Xn-sâ Iq-Sn k-½À-Z-^-e-am-bn H¶mw bp-]n-F kÀ-¡mÀ \-S-¸n-em-¡nb-Xm-Wv. F-¶m _w-Km-Ä F-¶Xv CS-Xv hnI-k-\ Im-gv-Nm-

¸m-Sn-sâ ssh-Ir-X-ambpw \-ap-¡p ap-¼n A-h-ti-jn¡p-I-bm-Wv. 30 hÀ-j-¯n-te-sd Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-bn _w-Km-Ä `-cn-¨n«pw km-[m-cW-¡m-cpsS ASnØm-\ {]-iv-\-§Ä¡v ]-cn-lm-cw Im-Wphm³ km-[n-¡m-sX-bn-cp¶-Xv ]-cm-P-b-am-bn X-s¶ hn-e-bn-cp¯Ww. knw-Kqcnepw \-µn{Kmanepw \-S¯n-b C-S-s]-S-ep-IÄ G-sd hn-hm-Z-am-Ip-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. H-cp-Im-e-L-«-¯n FÃm-h-cpw sXmgn tX-Sn t]m-bn-cp-¶ IÂ-¡-«, sImÂ-¡¯-bm-b-t¸mÄ sXm-gnÃm-bv-a-bpsS Cu-änÃ-ambn. sXm-gnÂ, h-cp-am\w, Pohn-X \n-e-hm-cw F-¶o hn-j-b-§-fn ]p-tcm-Ka-\w ]n-t¶m«p-t]m-bn F-¶pÅ-Xv C-S-Xp-]-£¯n-sâ ZoÀ-L-ho-£-W-anÃm-bv-a-bp-sS aIptSm-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv. am-ä-§Ä-¡p hn-t[-bam-bn- hen-sbm-cp A-gn-¨p]-Wn \-S-¯m-sX C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n-\v _w-Km-fn- Xn-cn-¨p-h-chnà F-¶-Xm-Wv Ah-Ø. F-¶m {Xn-]p-c-bn Øn-XnK-Xn-IÄ G-sd hy-Xy-kvX-am-Wv. Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-bn A-[n-Im-c-¯n-se-¯p-¶ am-Wn-Iv kmÀ-¡m-cn-\v P-\-ln-X¯n-s\m¸w \o-§m³ km-[n-¡p-¶p≠v. tI-c-f¯nepw G-ähpw hen-b H-ä-I£n-bm-bn kn-]n-Fw cw-K-¯p-≠v.

tIc-f-¯n-se C-S-Xp]-£w temI-¯v B-Zy-am-bn _m-e-än-eq-sS A-[n-Im-c-¯n h-¶ I-½yq-Wn-kv-äv a{´nk-`-bm-bn-cp-¶p tI-c-f-¯n-te-Xv. `q-]-cn-jvIc-W _n A-h-X-cn-¸n¨v -P-\-Io-b-ap-Jw kzo-I-cn-¡p-hm-\pw tI-c-f-¯nse B-Zy Cw-FwF-kv a-{´n-k-`-bv-¡p km-[n¨p.

F-¶m hn-tam-N-\ k-a-c-s¯ Xp-SÀ-¶v B kÀ-¡mcn\v -Im-emh-[n ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡m-\mbnÃ. ]n¶o-S-t§mSv Htcm C-e-£-\pw C-S-Xpw h-eXpw am-dn am-dn kw-Øm-\`c-Ww ssI-bm-fp-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. ]nÂ-¡me¯v hnI-k-\ k-¦Â-¸-§Ä-¡v Xp-c¦w h-bv-¡p-¶-hÀ F-¶ Ip-{]-kn-²n C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n-\p ta NmÀ-¯-s¸«p.

B-ep-h-bn-se s^-U-d _m-¦v I-w]yq-«À-h¡-cn¨-t¸mÄ A-Xv XÃn-X-IÀ-¯Xv D-Zm-l-c-Ww. "]-Wnsb¯n¡q ssIIfn B-Zyw, F¶n«mImw Iw-]yq-«À' Xp-S§n-b ap-{Z-hm-Iy-§Ä C-Xn-\p K-Xn-th-Kw \Â-In. {Sm-Îv-S-dn-s\-Xntc, saXn b{´¯n-\v F-Xntc, F-Un-_ns¡-Xn-tc, kzm{ib tImsfPp-IÄ-s¡-Xn-tc, \yp P-\-tdj³ _m-¦p-IÄ-s¡-Xn-tc, dn-b-e³-kv t]m-epÅ Ip-¯I-IÄ-s¡-Xn-tc FÃmw \-S¯n-b k-a-c-§Ä C-SXn-s\ ]qÀ-W-ambpw hnI-k-\ hn-tcm-[n-I-Ä F-¶ Ip-¸n-bn A-S-bv¡p-¶-Xn-\p Im-c-W-am-bn. I-«³ Nm-bbpw ]-cn-¸p-h-

Pqembv- H¶n\v- UÂlnbn tNÀ¶ CSXv ]mÀ«n-I-fpsS tZiob I¬-sh³-j-\n- Ah-X-cn-¸n¨ _-ZÂ

hn-I-k-\ \-b-§Ä `q]cnjv-¡cWw \S¸m¡pI an¨`qan `qclnXÀ¡p \ÂIpI FÃmhÀ¡pw ho-Sphbv¡m\pÅ `qan \ÂIpI _ew {]tbmKn¨pÅ `qan GsäSp¡Â Ahkm\n¸n¡pI kzman\mY³ I½oj³ ip]mÀi {]Imcw IÀjIÀ¡p \ymbhne \ÂIpI Ipdª ]-enibv¡p hm-bv-] e`yam¡p-I, ]Ým¯e kuIcy hnIk\w hÀ[n¸n¡pI IqSpX sXmgn e`yam¡p¶ \nÀamW hyhkmb§fpw aäpw t{]mÕmln¸n¡pI J-\nþF® hn`h§Ä tZikm¡cn-¡pI \nIpXn]ncnhnse ]gpXS¨p \ymbamb FÃm \nIpXnbpw ]ncns¨Sp¡p-I Dulm[njv-TnX [\samgp¡n\v\nb{´Ww GÀs¸Sp¯pI

Sbpw \Â-In Ì-Un ¢m-kv \-S-¯p-¶-hÀ-¡v F-´p hnI-k-\ k-¦Â-¸w F-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p B-t£-]w.

F-¶m C-S-Xn-sâ `-c-W-Ime-¯v \-b-]-c-am-b Ht«-sd Im-cy-§Ä \-S-¸n-em-¡p-¶p-s≠-¶pÅ-Xv ]-ecpw a-d¶p-t]m-Ip-¶p F-¶-Xv a-säm-cp h-kvXpX. tIcf¯nse s\¸mS§Ä hym]Iambn \nI¯p¶Xn-s\-Xntc IÀjIs¯mgnemfn bq-Wnbsâ t\ XrXz¯n \S¶ ka-c-§-Ä, X-®oÀ-¯-S kw-c-£-W

\n-b-aw Xp-S-§n-b C-S-Xn-sâ ]m-cn-ØnXn-I \n-e-]m-Sv C¶pw {]m-[m-\y-aÀ-ln-¡p¶p. `-c-W-Ime-¯v IÀ-j-I B-ß-l-Xy-I-Ä CÃm-Xm-¡n H-cp Im-Àjn-I kw-kv-Imcw sI-«n-¸-Sp-¡m-h³ \-S¯n-b {i-a-§fpw {]-iw-k\o-b-am-Wv. -{_-tÒm-kv D-Zv-Lm-S-\ th-f-bn tIm¬{K-kn-sâ {]Xn-tcm-[ h-Ip-¸v a{´n F sI Bâ-Wn C-S-Xp-]£s¯ F-fa-cw I-co-an-sâ-bpw (ap³ hy-hkmb h-Ip-¸v a-{´n) hn F-kv A-Nyp-Xm-\µ-tâbpw {]-hÀ¯\-§-sf ]p-I-gv-¯n-bXpw C-S-Xn-sâ hymh-kmbn-I ho-£-W-¯n-sâ {]k-àn hy-àam¡n. tI-c-f-¯n-se 90 i-X-am-\w s]m-Xp-ta-J-em Øm-]-\-§Ä em-`-¯n-embXpw C-tX Im-e-L-«-¯n B-bn-cp-¶p. kwØm\ hyhkmbhIp¸n\pIogn {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ s]mXp taJemØm]\§Ä¡v 2009-þ10 km¼¯nIhÀjw 239.75 tImSn cq] em`ap≠m¡m³ I-gn-ªp. Xn-cph-\-´-]pc-¯v sSIv-t\m-]mÀ-¡v \-S-¸m-¡n-bXpw CS-Xp `-c-W-Im-e-¯mWv. FÃm PnÃ-Ifnepw sF-Sn ]mÀ-¡v F-¶ \-bhpw I-gn-ª CS-Xp k-À-¡mÀ {]-Jym-]n¨p.

hnI-k-\ kz-]v-\-§-fn-te¡v kn-]nFw, kn]n-sF, BÀFkv]n, t^mÀthUvt»m-¡v- F¶o \mev- CSXp]£ ]mÀ«nIfpsS t\ XrXz¯n Pqembv- H¶n\v- UÂlnbn tNÀ¶ tZiob I¬-sh³-j-\n- _-Z hn-I-k-\ \-b-§Ä A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]-¯p-Im-cy-§-fm-Wv C-Xn {]-[m-\-ambpw ]-d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶Xv. `q]cnjv-¡cWw \S¸m¡pI, an¨`qan `qclnXÀ¡p \ÂIpI, FÃmhÀ¡pw ho-Sphbv¡m\pÅ `qan \ ÂIpI, _ew {]tbmKn¨pÅ `qan GsäSp¡Â Ahkm\n¸n¡pI, kzman\mY³ I½oj³ ip]mÀi{]Imcw IÀjIÀ¡p \ymbhne \ÂIpI, Ipdª ]-enibv¡p hm-bv-] e`yam¡p-I, ]Ým¯e kuIcy hnIk\w hÀ[n¸n¡pI, IqSpX sXmgn e`yam¡p¶ \nÀamW hyhkmb§fpw aäpw t{]m Õmln¸n¡pI, J-\nþF® hn`h§Ä tZikm¡cn¡pI, \nIpXn]ncnhnse ]gpXS¨p \ymbamb FÃm \nIpXnbpw ]ncns¨Sp¡p-I, Dulm[njv-TnX [\ samgp¡n\v- \nb{´Ww GÀs¸Sp¯pI F-¶n-h-bv-¡mWv {]m-apJyw \Â-tI-≠Xv. [\taJe hntZi \nt£]¯n\p Xpd¶p sImSp¡mXncn¡pI, NnÃd hn¸\taJe bn hntZi \nt£-]w H-gn-hm-¡pI, kmÀh{XnI s]mXp hnXcW k{¼Zmbw GÀs¸Sp¯pI, FÃm IpSpw_¯n-\pw 35 Intem `£y[m\yw In-tembv¡v c≠pcq] \nc¡n \ÂIpI, CXv- Dd¸m¡m³ `£ykpc£m _n ]mkm¡p-I Xp-S§n-b B-h-iy§fpw C-S-Xp-]-£w ap-t¶m-«p-h¨p.

BtcmKy¯n\pw hnZym`ymk¯n\pw _Pän IqSpX XpI hIbncp¯pI, kzImcyh¡cWw XSbpI, hnZym`ymk AhImi \nbaw \S¸m¡psa¶vDd¸phcp-¯p-I, D¶XtaJebnse AgnaXn XSbm³

25

IhÀtÌmdn IÀ¡i \S]Sn kzoIcn¡pI, At\zjW¯n\vkzX{´ NpaXebpÅ temIv-]m \nbaw ]mkm¡pI, sXcsªSp¸p ]cnjv-¡cWw \S¸m-¡p-I, FÃm taJeIfnepw h\nXIÄ¡p XpeyX Dd¸m¡pI, ]mÀesaânepw \nbak`Ifnepw aq¶nsem¶v- koävh\nXIÄ¡v- kwhcWw sN¿pI, ZfnXcpsS AhImiw kwc£n¡pI, kzImcytaJebnepw ]«nIPmXnhÀK kwhcWw GÀs¸Sp¯pI, \yq\]£§ Ä¡v- kwhcWw ip]mÀi sN¿p¶ cwK\mYan{i I½oj³ dnt¸mÀ«v- \S¸m¡pI, BZnhmkn t£aw Dd¸m¡p¶ `cWLS\bnse A©pw Bdpw sjUyq fpIfpw kwc£n-¡p-I, sXmgnemfnIfpsS AhImiw kwc£n¡pI, an-\n-aw Iqenbpw kmaqly kpc£bpw Dd¸m¡pI, sXmgn cwKs¯ IcmÀh¡cWhpw

Imjz k{¼Zmbhpw Ahkm\n¸n¡p-I, kzX{´ hntZi\bw AwKoIcn¡pI Xp-S-§n-b-hbpw C-S-Xp]£w hÀ-¯am-\ C-´y-bn-se \-b-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fm-bn apt¶m-«ph-bv-¡p¶p.

{]-Xo-£IÄ C-¯-c-¯n ZoÀ-L-ho-£-W-ap-Å hnI-k-\ \-b§Ä- A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p-s≠-¦nepw A-`n-{]m-b k-a-\z-bw t\-Sp-hm³ C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n-\m-Ip-¶nà F-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv k-ao-]Im-e kw-`-h-§-Ä hy-à-am-¡p-¶-Xv. ]e \-b-]cam-b Xo-cp-am-\-§-fn-epw B-i-b A-ss\Iyw apg-¨p \nÂ-¡p-¶p. ssN-\-bn A-Sp-¯n-sS \-S-¶ I-½yq-WnÌv ]mÀ-«n tIm¬-{K-kn ]mÀ-«n-bn i-X-tIm-So-iz-c³-

amÀ s]-cp-Ip-¶-Xpw t\-Xm-¡-fp-sS A-gn-a-Xnbpw hen-b B-i-¦-bm-bn A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cp¶p. B-tKm-f-h¡c-W Im-e-L-«-¯n CS-Xp t\-Xm-¡fpw km-[m-c-W P-\-§-fn \n¶pw AI-¶v B-Uw-_-c-§-fn-te¡pw kp-J-tem-ep-]-X-bn-te¡pw t]m-Im-sa-¶- kq-N-\-bm-Wv C-Xp ap-t¶m-«ph-bv¡p¶Xv. F-¶n-cp-¶mepw {]-Xy-bimkv-{X-s¯bpw hnI-\-k k-¦-Â-¸-§-sfbpw Im-en-I-am-bn am-än-s¡m-≠v ap-t¶m«p-t]m-Ip-hm-\pw B-i-b k-a-\z-bw sIm-≠p-h-cp-hm-\pw km-[n-¨m H-cp hen-b `m-hn tI-cf-¯n-se C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n-\p-≠v. tI-c-f-¯n-se C-S-Xp]£w ]-¯p hÀ-jw ]n-¶n-em-sW-¶v ]-d-ª eo-UÀ sI I-cp-Wm-Ic-sâ A-`n-{]m-b-s¯ A-{]-k-à-am¡n R-§Ä 25 hÀ-jw ap-¶n-em-sW-¶p sX-fn-bn-¡m-\p-ap-Å A-h-k-c-am-Wv C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n-\p ap-¶n-ep-Å-Xv.

hn-I-k\w ka-{K-am-IWw hnIk-\w F¶-Xv FÃm-h-scbpw k-l-I-cn-¸n-¨v \-S-¸nem-t¡-≠-XmWv.

F-¶m C-¶v tI-c-f-¯n A-gn-aXnbpw kz-P-\ ]-£-]m-X-hp-amWv hn-I-k-\-¯n-sâ t]-cn \-S-¸n-em-¡p¶Xv. tkm-fmÀ t]m-ep-Å hnI-k-\ ]-²-XnI-sf A-gn-a-Xn-bp-sS `m-K-am¡p-¶ H-cp ap-Jy-a-{´n-bm-Wv C-hn-sSbp-ÅXv. B-i-b k-a-\z-b-¯n-eq-sS hn F-kv hn-Ik-\w \-S-¸n-e-m-¡-Ww. ANyp-Xm-\-µ³ tI-c-f-¯n-se hn-Ik-\w F-¶p {]Xn-]£ ]-d-bp-t¼mÄ IÀ-j-I-scbpw tI-c-ft\Xmhv ¯n-sâ s]m-Xp-ta-J-e-sbbpw a-d-¶p sIm-≠p-Å-Xm-I-cp-Xv. 2001þ2006 Ime-L-«-¯n 2500 A-[n-Iw IÀ-j-I B-ß-l-Xy-IÄ dn-t¸mÀ-«v sN-¿-s¸-« A-h-Ø-bn-em-Wv Rm³ ap-Jy-a-{´nbm-Ip-¶Xv. F-¶m 2006\p ti-jw ImÀ-jn-I cwK-¯p \-S-¸n-em¡n-b ]-²-Xn-I-fn-eq-sS H-cp ]-cn-[nhsc B-ßl-Xy-IÄ CÃm-Xm-¡m\pw ImÀjn-I kw-kv-Im-cw tIc-f-¯n h-fÀ-¯p-hm-\pw C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n-\p km-[n¨p.

A-Xn-\m-bn ISm-izm-k I-½o-j-³ cq-]-h¡-cn-¡p-I-bpw, ]en-i cln-X hmbv-] \Â-Ip-Ibpw sN-bvXp. am-{X-aà s\Ãp t]m-ep-Å Ir-jn-sb Iq-Sp-X t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n¡p-I-bpw \ym-bhn-e-bv-¡p kw-`-cn-¡p-I-bpw sN-bvXp. F-¶m C-¶v s\¡r-jn-¡p ]I-cw C-©n-¡r-jn-bnte-¡v IÀ-j-IÀ Xn-cn-bp¶psh-¶-XmWv Cu cwK-s¯ ]pXn-b hmÀ-¯. s]m-Xp-ta-J-e-bnepw ]p-tcm-K-a-\-]-cam-b \-b-§-fmWv C-S-Xp]-£w ssI-s¡m-≠n-«p-ÅXv. hy-h-km-b ]p-tcm-K-Xn¡v G-sd B-hiyw ssh-Zyp-Xn-bmWv. F-¶m IqSw-Ip-fw t]m-ep-Å B-W-h-\n-e-b-§Ä {]-tZihm-kn-I-fp-sS B-i-¦-IÄ ]-cn-l-cn¨p-sIm-≠p am-{Xta \-S-¸m-¡mhq. tIm-SXn-bp-sS ]-cm-aÀ-i-§-fpw C-Xp X-s¶bm-Wv hy-à-am-¡p-¶-Xv. tkm-fmÀ t]m-ep-Å DuÀ-P amÀK§-fpw ]-co-£n-¡-s¸-tS-≠-Xp≠v. sIF-kvBÀ-Snkn t]m-epÅ s]m-Xp-K-Xm-K-X kw-hn-[m-\-§Ä Im-em\p-kr-X-am-bn ]-cnj-vI-cn-¡-Ww. A-hn-S-s¯ sXm-gn-em-fnI-fp-am-bn B-i-bkw-hm-Zw \-S-¯n {]-Xnk-Ôn ]-cnlm-c amÀ-K-§Ä I-s≠-¯mw.

G-Xpcw-K¯pw hntZ-i \n-t£-]w hcp-¶-Xv FÃm {]-iv-\-§Ä-¡pw ]-cn-lm-c-am-bn ImWp-¶Xv icn-bÃ.

F-

XnÀ-]£-s¯ i-à\m-b Bâ-Wn-bp-sS t]mepw {]-iw-k-bv-¡v AÀ-l\m-b hy-hkm-b h-Ip-¸v a{´n F-¶-Xm-Wv F-fa-cw I-co-an-sâ {]-tXyI-X. X-sâ hymh-kmbn-I ho-£-W-§-Ä A-t±-lw ]¦p-hbv¡p¶p.

Ffa-cw Icow

]-c-¼-cm-K-X hy-h-kmbw

20 e-£w sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v sXmgn \Â-Ip-¶ \-½p-sS ]-c-¼-cm-K-X taJebn H-cp \-thm-°m-\w D-≠mtI-≠-Xp-≠v. C-¶v I-b-dn-\pw a-äv ]-c-¼-cm-K-X DÂ-¸-¶§Ä¡pw B-tKm-fX-e-¯n h³- hy-mh-kmbn-I km-[ykn]nFw, ap³ hyh-kmb a{´n

26

X-bp≠v. C-Xp Xn-cn-¨-dn-ªv I-b-äp-a-Xn-bnepw Iq-SpX {i-² tI-{µo-I-cn-¡Ww. sN-dpIn-S hy-h-km-b-§sf t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n-t¡-≠-Xpw A-Xym-h-iy-amWv. Ip-d-ª Øe-¯p Xp-S-§m-hp¶-Xpw hy-hkm-b F-tÌ-äp-IÄ \nÀ-an-¨psIm-≠v t{]m-Õm-ln¸n-¡m-hp-¶-Xpamb ]-e sN-dpIn-S hy-h-km-b-§Ä¡pw hen-b t{]m-Õm-l-\-§Ä kÀ-¡mÀ \Â-Ip-¶nÃ. am-{Xaà K-h¬-saâ v \-S-¯p-¶ ]À-t¨-kp-IÄ¡v F-kvF-kvsF sS³-UÀ {]-Im-cw sN-dpIn-S sS³-UÀ-am-sc ]-cn-KWn-¡Ww. a-äp h³In-S I-¼-\n-I-tf-¡mÄ 10 i-X-am-\w hn-e Iq-Sn-bmepw A-h-cpw ]-cn-K-Wn-¡-s¸-S-Ww F-¶-XmWv \n-baw.

s]m-Xp-taJ-e C-¶v kw-Øm-\-¯v 114 s]m-Xp-ta-J-em Øm-]-\-§fn 84 Øm-]-\-§Ä am-{X-amWv {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶-Xv. 1,56,000 ¯n-e-[n-Iw sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fm-Wv Cu ta-J-e-bn sXm-gn-se-Sp¡p-¶Xv. s]m-Xp-ta-Je-sb kw-c-£n-¡p-I F-¶-Xn F¶pw {]-Xn-Úm_-²-am-Wv C-S-Xp]£w.

I-gn-ª C-S-Xp-]-£ kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ Im-e-L-«-¯n \n-ch-[n s]m-Xp-taJ-em Øm-]-\-§Ä em-`-¯n-se-¯n¡p-hm-\pw tI-{µ-kÀ-¡m-cn \n¶pw s]m-Xp-ta-J-e-bv-¡v AÀ-lam-b ]-cnK-W-\ t\-Sn-sb-Sp-¡p-hm\pw km-[n¨p.

F-¶m Cu kÀ-¡mÀ sh-dpw 60 tIm-Sn cq-]-bm-Wv s]m-Xp-ta-J-e-bv-¡v th-≠n am-än-h-¨Xv.

]p-XpX-eap-d hy-h-kmbw \n-ch-[n km-[y-X-I-fp-Å sF-Sn, Ce-t{Îm-Wn-Ivkv D-Â-¸-¶-§-fp-sS hymh-kmbn-I l-ºm-bn tI-cf-s¯ am-tä-≠-Xp-≠v. sN-ss¶-bnse {io-s]-cp¼-¯qÀ Cu cwK-¯v G-sd t\-«-§Ä sIm-¿p-¶p≠v. A-SnØm-\ kuI-cy cw-K-¯v hn-Ik-\w kr-ãn-¡p¶-Xp h-gn sN-ss¶-tb-¡mÄ G-sd ap-t¶m«p t]m-Ip-hm³ tIc-f-¯n-\p km-[n-¡pw. Xp-d-ap-J-§-fpw hn-am-\-¯m-h-f§-fpsaÃmw \-ap-¡p≠v. Ch-sb ^-e-{]-Z-am-bn D-]-tbmKn¡Ww.

kz-Im-cy \n-t£]w sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v am-\yam-b h-cp-am-\w e-`n¡p-¶ ta-J-e-bn kz-Im-cy- \n-t£-]w B-h-iy-amWv. D-¸m-Z-\ taJ-e, sl-hn F³-Pn-\o-b-dnw-Kv sk-ÎÀ XpS§n-b ta-J-e-I-fn ]ivNm-¯-e ku-I-cy-§Ä G-sd thWw. C¯-cw sk-Î-dp-I-fn kz-Im-cy \n-t£-]w t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n-¡-Ww. F-¶m Iq-en-bp-sS Im-cy-¯n Nq-j-W-ap-≠m-I-cp-Xv.

`-£ykw-kvI-c-W ta-Je G-sd km-[y-X-IÄ D-Å H-cp ta-J-e-bm-Wv `-£ykwkvI-c-W taJ-e. ImÀjn-I ta-J-e-bp-sS ]p-\-cp-²mcWw km-[y-am-I-W-sa-¦n C-\n `-£ykw-kv-I-c-W-¯nte¡pw IS-¶psNÃWw. D-Zm-l-c-W-am-bn ss]-\m-¸nÄ Ir-jn-bn \mw G-sd ap-¶n-emWv. F-¶m ss]-\m¸nÄ kw-kvI-c-W cwK-¯v \-ap-¡p {]-hÀ-¯-\anÃ. ss]\m-¸n-fm-bn X-s¶ a-äp cm-Py-§-fn-te-¡p I-b-äp-a-Xn sN¿p-I-bmWv. C-\n hn-I-k-\w th≠Xv Cu cw-K-¯m-Wv.

^p-Svsh-bÀ cwKw tI-c-f-¯n-\p G-sd ap-t¶-äw Im-gv-Nh-bv-¡m-hp-¶

ta-J-e-bm-Wv ^p-Svsh-bÀ cw-Kw. A-kw-kvIr-X h-kv-Xp¡Ä tI-c-f-¯n D-s≠-¦nepw A-Xn-sâ 25 i-X-am-\w t]mepw kw-kv-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶nÃ. AÂ-¸w a-en-\oI-c-W {]-iv-\-§-Ä D-ÅXp-sIm-≠p X-s¶ H-ä-bv¡v bq-Wn-äpIÄ Xp-S-§p-t¼mÄ a-en-\oI-c-W \n-b{´-W kw-hn-[m\-§Ä-¡v G-sd Xp-I sN-e-hm-Ipw. AXp-sIm-≠m-Wv C¯-cw kw-cw-`-§Ä-¡v hy-hkm-b ]mÀ-¡p-IÄ A-\nhm-cy-am-Ip-¶Xv.

F³-Pn-\ob-dnw-Kv cwKw C-\nbpw ]p-tcm-K-an-t¡-≠ cw-K-am-Wv F³-Pn-\obn-dnwKv cw-Kw F-¶p ]-d-bmw. em-ä-sd-än-sâ ]-c-amh-[n \mw J\-\w sN-bv-Xp I-gnªp. C-\n C-cp-¼v kv-{SIv-N-dm-bn-«p-Å sI-«n-S-§Ä h-cWw. Cu taJ-e-bpsS \ho-I-c-W¯n\v G-sd ]-Ww sN-e-hm-Ip-sa-¶-Xn-\m kz-Im-cy ]-¦m-fn-¯hpw B-Imw.

tI-{µ¯nsâ s]m-Xp-ta-J-em \-b§Ä tI-{µ K-h¬-saân \n¶pw G-sd hm-Kv-Zm-\§Ä e-`n-¡p-¶p-s≠-¦nepw H¶pw ]m-en-¡-s¸-Sp-¶nà F-¶Xm-Wv bm-YmÀ-°yw. ]m-e-¡m-Sv tIm-¨v ^m-IvSdn D-Zm-lc-W-w. C-¶p tI{µs]m-Xp-ta-J-e- ip-jv-I-am-Ip-I-bmWv. hm-Kv-Zm-\-§Ä \-S-¸n h-cp-¯m³ \nc-´-cam-bn k-½ÀZw sN-ep-¯Ww. D-Zm-l-c-W-am-bn Un-^³-knepw aäpw \n-ch-[n \nÀ-am-W {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä D≠v. A-Xn \n¶pw tI-c-f-¯n-\p Nne-Xp t\-Sn-sb-Sp-¡p-hm³ km-[n¡pw.

FÂF³Pn Pe ssh-Zy-pX ]-²-Xn-IÄ¡v ]-cn-Øn-Xn {]-iv-\§Ä D-Å-Xn-\m ]p-Xnb-Xv \-S-¸n-em¡p-I _p-²n-ap«m-Ipw. _-Z amÀ-K-§Ä tX-tS-≠n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. DuÀ-P -£m-a-¯n-\p ]-cn-lm-c-am-bn FÂF³Pn t]m-ep-Å am-ÀK-§Ä tX-Sm-hp-¶-XmWv. Im-kÀtKm-Uv No-ta-\n Kym-kv sXÀ-a- ¹mân-sâ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä \-S-¸n-em-¡n-bm h-S-¡³ {]-tZis¯ DuÀ-P {]-Xnk-Ôn ]-cn-l-cn-¡mw.

1480 sa-Km hm-«v ssh-Zyp-Xn D-¸m-Zn-¸n-¡m³ \-ap-¡v CXn-eq-sS km-[n-¡pw.

ZoÀ-L-ho-£-W-ap-Å hnI-k-\ Im-gv-N¸m-Sp-I-fm-Wv C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n

-\pÅXv. C-Xn G-sd {]-m[m\yw AÀ-ln-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv ]-c-¼-cm-K-X hy-h-km-b-§-fp-sS ]p-tcm-K-a-\w. tIc-f-¯n-sâ kw-kv-Im-c-t¯m-Spw X-\na-tbmSpw G-sd A-Sp-¯p\nÂ-¡p-¶p F-¶-Xm-Wv Cu hy-h-km-b-§-fp-sS {]-tXy-I-X. I-bÀ hy-h-km-b¯nepw ]-¶y³ I-iph-≠n hy-h-km-b-¯nepw \-hoc-ho-{µ³ Ic-Ww h-cp-t¯-≠-Xp≠v. kn]nsF. B-[p-\n-I hy-mh-kmbn-I kmkwØm\ [y-X-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨p Nn-´n-¡p-t¼mÄ sk{I-«dn {]-[m-\w sF-Sn-bmWv. tI-c-fw H-cp sNdn-b `q-{]-tZ-iw B-b-Xn\m henb Ø-ew B-h-iy-apÅ hy-h-kmb§Ä-¡v km-[y-X- Ipd-hmWv Sq-dn-kw cwKw A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-¡p-¶ {][m-\ {]-iv-\w

D-¸m-Z-\ taJ-e, sl-hn F³-Pn-\o-b-dnw-Kv sk-IvSÀ Xp-S§n-bhbn ]ivNm-¯-e ku-I-cy-§Ä G-sd thWw. C¯-cw sk-Î-dpI-fn kz-Im-cy \n-t£-]w t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n-¡-Ww. F-¶m Iq-en-bp-sS Im-cy-¯n Nq-j-W-ap-≠m-I-cp-Xv

ssK-Up-I-fp-sS A-`m-h-amWv. h-n-am-\-¯m-h-f-aà Sq-dn-kw hn-I-k-\-¯n-sâ A-Sn-Øm-\-L-SIw. hn-tZ-io-bÀ C-hnsS h-cp-¶-Xv, C-hn-Sp-s¯ {]-Ir-Xn `w-Knbpw kw-kv-Imchpw Im-Wm\pw `-£y-co-Xn-Ifpw aäpw A-dn-bm-\p-amWv. A-Xp- I-W-¡n-se-Sp-¯m-Wv Sq-dn-kw cwK-s¯ \-ho-I-cnt¡≠Xv. hn-I-k-\-ap-≠m-tI≠ a-säm-cp ta-J-e-bm-Wv Imbn-I cwKw. \-½p-sS I-p-«n-I-sf tem-I-\n-e-hm-c-¯n-s\m-¯v h-fÀ-¯m³ km-[n-¡-Ww. H-cp {In¡-äv kv-täUn-bw D≠v.

A-Xp-t]m-cm ^pSv-t_mÄ kv-tä-Unbhpw h-c-Ww, Iq-SpX t¹ {Ku-≠p-I-fpw D≠mI-Ww. {]-Ir-Xn kw-c£-Whpw {]m-[m\yw AÀ-ln-¡p-¶taJebm-Wv. ImÀjnI cwKs¯ apc-Sn¸v adnIS¡Ww. ]p-jv-]Ir-jn-bp-sS km-[y-X-IÄ {]-tbm-P-\s¸-Sp-¯p¶Xv Sq-dn-k-¯n-\pw Kp-W-I-c-am-Ipw. ap¼v B-e-¸p-g-bn ]p-jv-]-Ir-jn-bp-≠m-bn-cp¶p. AXp-t]mse `-t£ym-¸-¶-§-fpsS Ir-jnbpw t{]mÕm-ln-¸n-¡s¸-SWw. tI-c-f-¯n-sâ X\-Xp hn-`-hamb sX§-n-sâ km-[y-X-IÄ D-]-tbm-Kn-¡m³ t]mepw \-ap-¡v km-[n-¨n«nÃ. \m-fntIc t_mÀ-Upw, ImÀjn-I k-À-h-I-em-im-e bpw XpS-§n \n-ch[n Øm-]-\-§Ä D-s≠-¦nepw Im-cyam-{X-am-b C-S-s]-S-ep-IÄ \-S-¯p-hm³ km-[n-¡p-¶nÃ. s]m-¡³ F-¶ IÀ-j-I³ 101 \m-fn-tI-cw hn-f-bp-¶ sX-§v I-s≠¯n. F´p-sIm-≠m-Wv C¯-cw Øm-]\-§Ä-¡v k-I-e ku-I-cy-§Ä H-cp-¡n-bn-«pw H¶pw I-s≠-¯p-hm³ km-[n-¡m-¯Xv. A-hÀ-¡v SmÀ-K-äp-IÄ

\Â-tI-≠-Xp≠v. ImÀjn-I Øm-]-\§-sf {In-b-ßm-Iam-¡p-I h-gn ImÀjn-I hn-Ik-\w km-[y-am-¡mw.

C-¶v tIc-fw A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-¡p-¶ {]-[m-\ {]-iv-\w Xp-SÀ-¨bm-b kÀ-¡m-cpIfnà F-¶-Xm-Wv. 1957 B-Zy kÀ-¡mÀ A-[n-Im-c-¯n h-cp-t¼mÄ `-£y-ZuÀ-e-`yap-Å kw-Øm-\-am-bn-cp-¶p tI-cfw. A-¶v B-{Ô-bn \n-¶v A-cn-sb-Sp-¯m-Wv Im-cy-§Ä \-S-¯n-bXv. s]m-XphnX-c-W k-{¼-Zm-b-w, \o-Xn tÌmÀ, am-th-en kv-tämÀ, tlmÄ«n-tImÀ-¸v Xp-S-§n-b-sh-sbÃmw A-Xn-sâ Xp-SÀ-¨bm-bn h-¶p.

C¶v `-c-W-Xp-SÀ-¨-bnÃm-¯-Xn-\m \-S-]-Sn-{I-a§Ä sN-bvXp XoÀ¡p-I F-¶Xn-te-¡v am-{X-am-bn kÀ-¡m-cpIÄ Np-cp-§p¶p. ]-W-¯n-sâ A-`m-hhpw tI-c-f-¯n-sâ hn-I-k-\-¯n-\v X-S-k-am-Ip-¶p≠v. d-h\yp h-cp-am-\w sIm-≠pam{Xw k-À-¡m-cp-IÄ-¡v ]-²-Xn-IÄ \-S-¸n-em¡p-hm³ km-[n-¡p-I-bnÃ. tI-{µ hn-ln-Xw t\-Sn-sb-Sp¡m³ cm-{ão-b {]-iv-\-§Ä ad-¶v H-¶n-¨p \n¶p-sIm≠v k½À-Z i-àn-bm-Ip-hm³ km-[n-¡-Ww. G-ähpw Iq-Sp-X a-\p-jy A-[zm-\ ti-jn-bpw, hntZ-i\m-Wyhpw t\-Sn-¯-cp-¶ kw-Øm-\w F-¶Xp-sIm-≠p X-s¶ tI-cf-¯n-sâ B-h-iy-§-Ä \-S-¯n-¯-cp-hm-³ tI-{µ-¯n-\v _m-[y-X-bp-ap-≠v.

B-tKm-f-h-¡-c-W \-b-§Ä-¡v H-cp _-Z \-b-ap≠v. FÃmw \n-tj-[mß-Iw F-¶Ã, a-dn-¨v B-tKm-f-h¡-c-W-¯n-se Kp-W§-sf kzo-I-cn-¡p-I-bpw tZmj§-sf X-Ån-¡-f-bp-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶-I-sb¶-Xm-WXv. _m-¦p-I-fp-sS \n-b-{´-Ww s]m-Xp-ta-J-bn B-bncn¡-Ww. am-{X-aà _m-¦nsâ Hm-l-cn-IÄ ]p-d-t¯-¡p \Â-Ip-¶Xpw H-gn-hm-¡-s¸-SWw. 1952 P-h-lÀ-em s\-{lp hn-`mh-\w sNbv-X k-½n-{i k-¼-Zvhy-h-Ø-bmWv \-½p-sS hn-I-k-\-¯n-\v A-\n-hm-cyw. ep-ep t]m-ep-Åh-sb F-XnÀ-¡m-¯Xpw dn-eb³-kv t]m-ep-Å I-¼-\nI-sf F-XnÀ-¡p-¶Xpw C-tX I-t¼m-f k-a-hm-Iy-§Ä D-ÅXp-sIm-≠p Xs¶. 50 i-X-am-\-¯n\p ap-I-fn H-cmÄ \Ã-sX-¦n A-h³ \Ã-Xm-Wv F-¶ tj-Iv-kv-]n-bÀ XXzw X-s¶-bm-Wv ]n-´p-S-cp-¶Xv. ep-ep G-sd tPm-en km-[y-X-bp-Å kw-cw-`-am-bn-«v Im-Wm-hp-¶XmWv. C-¶v Nq-j-IÀ Du-l-¡-¨-h-S-¯n-eq-sSbpw aäpw em-`w I-s≠-¯p-¶p. AXp-sIm-≠v Ah-sc t\-cn-Sp-¶Xn\pw B-kq-{Xn-X coXn th-Ww. Nq-£-IÀ B-bp-[w am-äp-t¼mÄ \-½fpw am-d-Ww. ssh-Zyp-Xn £m-aw ]-cn-l-cn-¡p-hm³ Iq-SwIq-fw t]m-ep-Å B-W-h-\n-e-b-§Ä th≠. kp-c£n-X amÀK-§-fm-Wv th-≠Xv. hntZ-i \n-t£-] cw-K¯pw \mw Iq-Sp-X Pm{K-X ]p-eÀ-¯-Ww. \-½p-sS Xm-¸cy-§-Ä kw-c-£n-¡p-Ibpw am-\n-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p¶ \nt£-] coXn-bm-Wv h-tc-≠Xv.

h

-e-Xp-]-£ hnI-k-\ {]-Nm-c-W§-Ä ]n-´p-S-cp-¶-Xm-I-cpXv C-S-Xp]-£-¯n-sâ hn-I-k-\ Im-gv-N-¸mSv. B-tKm-f-h-¡-c-W Im-e-L-«-¯n C-S-Xp-]-£w- \nÀ-h-Nn-¡p-¶ X-c¯n hn-I-k-\ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä \-S¯p-I F-¶-Xm-Wv shÃp-hnfn. hn-I-k-\-¯n-sâ auen-I {]-iv\w P-e-am-Wv. Ir-jn-¡p am-{Xaà _n-t\m-bv a-\p-jy³ \-S-¯p¶ G-Xp hnI-k-\ hnizw {]-hÀ-¯-\-¯n\pw P-ew A-\n-hmkn]nsF cy-am-Wv. ImÀjn-I cw-Kw h-f-cm-sX `£y kz-bw ]-cym-]v-XX ssI-hcn-¡p-hm³ km-[n-¡p-I-bnÃ. tZ-io-b-X-e-¯n A-©p e-£w tIm-Sn cq] tImÀ-¸td-äp-IÄ-¡v k-_v-kn-Un-bm-bn \Â-Im-sa-¦n IÀ-j-IÀ-¡p k-_v-kn-Un \Â-In Ir-jnsb t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n-¡p-hm³ kÀ-¡m-cn-\p _m-[y-X-bp≠v. cm-k-Ir-jn-sb t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n-¡-p-Ibà a-dn-¨v em-`-Icam-b Po-hn-X-amÀ--K-am-bn ssP-h Ir-jn-sb amäp-Ibm-Wv th≠-Xv. ]p-g-bpsStbm a-e-bp-tStbm kw-c£-Ww B-h-iys¸-«m A-h³ hnI-k-\ hn-tcm-[n-bm-bn am-dp-¶Xm-Wv C-¶s¯ Ah-Ø. sat-{Sm sd-bn \nÀ-am-W-¯n-\mbn 1,20,0000t¯mfw tem-Uv a-W hm-cpw F-¶-dn-bp-hm-³ I-gnªp. F-¶m A-Xp ]p-g-bp-sS kÀ-h \m-i-¯n-\p Im-c-W-amIpw F-¶m-Wv Nq-≠n-¡m-Wn-¡-s¸-«n-Sp-ÅXv. AXp-sIm-≠p _-Z amÀ-K-§Ä tX-SWw. C-S-Xp-]-£-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-Å sX-äm-b {]-N-mc-W-am-Wv A-hÀ B-[p-\n-I-h¡-c-W-s¯bpw b-{´-h-Â-¡-c-Ws¯bpw F-XnÀ-¡p-¶-h-cm-sW¶Xv. ]-≠v _m-¦n-w-Kv ta-J-e-bn Iw-]yq-«À-hÂ-¡c-Ww h-¶-t¸mÄ F-sF-_nsF F-¶ CS-Xv sXm-gn-em-fn kwL-S-\ kzmK-Xw sNbv-Xn-cp-¶p. C-S-Xn-se a-säm-cp hn-`m-Kw F-XnÀ¯p. -AXv sX-äm-bn-cp-¶p F-¶m-Wv F-sâ Nn-´m-KXn. im-kv-{X

km-t¦Xn-I ]p-tcm-K-Xn-bp-sS i-{Xp-¡-fà sXm-gn-em-fn hÀKw. a-dn-¨v Ah F§-s\ ^-e-{]-Z-am-bn D-]-tbm-K-s¸Sp¯mw F-¶m-Wv Nn-´n-t¡-≠-Xv. NnÃ-d hym]m-c ta-Je 4 tIm-Sn t]À-¡v t\-cn-«pw AXn-sâ A©nc-«n B-fp-IÄ-¡v ]-tcm-£-am-bpw sXm-gn \Â-Ip¶p. Cu taJ-esb hntZ-i \n-t£-]w C-{Xbpw t]-sc _m-[n¡pw F-¶p Np-cp¡w.

C-S-Xp]-£w F-¶pw s]m-Xp-ta-J-e-bp-sS kw-c£-Icm-bn-cn-¡pw. 2008se tem-I am-µy-¯n \n¶pw C-´y c-£-s¸-Sm³ C-S-bm-bXpw s]m-Xp-ta-J-e-bp-sS km-\n[yw sIm-≠mWv. ]-c-¼m-cm-K hy-h-km-b-§-Ä kw-c-£n¨p sIm≠v B[p\n-I hy-h-km-b-§Ä h-cWw. ]-s£ a-en-\o I-c-Ww kr-ãn-¡p-¶ hy-h-km-b-§Ä B-hiytam F-¶p Nn-´n-t¡-≠n-bn-cn-¡p¶p. G-Xp hy-h-km-bamW¦nepw A-Xn-\v A-Xym-hiyw th≠-Xv ssh-Zyp-Xn-bm-Wv. F-¶m B-W-h ssh-Zyp-X \n-e-b-§Ä B-h-iy-anÃ.

FÃmX-c-¯n-ep-ap-Å hntZ-i km-t¦Xn-I hn-Zy-tbm-Spw, hntZ-i aq-e-[-\-t¯mSpw hn-tcm-[w h-¨p-]p-eÀ-t¯-≠XnÃ. C-´y-bp-sS hn-im-e Xm-¸-cy-§Ä l-\n-¡p¶-Xv B-I-cp-Xv H-cp- \n-t£-]hpw F¶pam-{Xw. h-e-Xp-]-£ B-i-b-§-fp-sS kzm-[o\w C-S-Xp-]-£¯n-\p ta ]n-Sn-ap-dp-¡p-hm³ C-¶v km-[y-X-tb-sdbmWv F-¶-Xn-\m C¯-cw hn-j-b-§-fn C-S-Xp]-£w Pm{K-X ]p-eÀ-¯Ww.

C-

S-Xp-]-£-¯n-sâ hn-I-k-\ kao]-\w F-¶-Xv `q-cn-]-£-¯n-sâ Pohn-X \n-e-hm-c-¯n D-≠m-Ip-¶ Kp-W-]-cam-b am-ä-w e-£y-an-«n-«p-ÅXm-I-Ww. ]-cn-Øn-Xn-sb kw-c-£n¨p-sIm¬p th-Ww hnI-k-\ {]-hÀ-¯-\§Ä \-S-¯p-hm³. AXn-\v ]m-cn-ØnXn-I-amb Hm-Un-änw-Kv B-h-iyamWv. F³-sI \-Zo kw-c-£-W \n-b-ahpw ]-cn-K-Wnt{]-a-N-{µ³ ¡-s¸SWw. BÀ-Fkv]n hntZ-i \n-t£-]-¯n-eq-sS am-{Xta hn-Ik-\w bm-YmÀ-°y-am-Iq-sh¶Xv sX-än-²m-c-W am-{X-am-Wv. A-ta-cn-¡³ km-¼¯n-I {]-iv-\-§Ä C-´y-sb _m-[n-¡p-¶ X-c-¯n-ep-Å H-cp k-¼-Zvhy-h-Ø-bà \-ap-¡v B-h-iyw. A-Xn-s\ {]-Xn-Iqen-¡p-hm³ km-[n-¡p-¶ X-t±io-b cq-]-¯n-ep-Å k-¼-ZvL-S-\b -- m-Wv \mw hn-I-kn-¸n-t¡-≠Xv. C-¶v G-sd hn-hm-Z-am-b H-¶m-Wv I-kv-Xqcn cwK³, Km-Uv-Kn- dn-t¸mÀ-«p-I-Ä. P-\m-[n-]-Xy hy-h-Øn-Xn-sb ]qÀ-Wam-bpw Aw-Ko-I-cn¡p¶-Xmbncp-¶p KmUvKn dnt¸mÀ«v. CXn-s\ Xp-c-¦w hbv¡p-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p I-kvXq-cn cw-K³ dn-t¸mÀ«v. IÀ-j-I-cp-sS B-[nbpw XmÂ-¸cyhpw kw-c£n¨p-sIm-≠p-Å \-b-§Ä am-{X-ta \-S-¸nem-¡mhp F-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv F-sâ A-`n-{]mbw. kÀ-¡mÀ Po-h-\-¡mÀ-¡p sIm-Sp-¡p-¶ FÃm B-\qIq-ey-§fpw IÀ-j-IÀ¡pw \Â-In H-cp \à ImÀjn-I kw-kv-Im-cw sI-«n-¸-Sp-¡Ww. `-t£ym-¸¶ ta-J-ebn {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶ IÀ-j-I-cp-sS _m-[y-X kÀ-¡mÀ h-ln-¡Ww. ap³ kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ Ime¯v IÀ-j-I-\v 14 c-q-]- \Â-In-bn-cp¶p. Ir-jn\m-i-¯n-\v sl-Î-dn-\v 2000 cq-] \-Â-In-bn-cp-¶-Xv 10,000 cq-]-bm-bn D-bÀ-¯p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. F-¶n-cp-¶mepw tI-c-f-¯n-sâ Ø-e e-`y-X¡pd-hv hen-sbm-cp {]-iv-\-amWv. D-≠m-bn-cp-¶ Ir-jn `qan-bn ]-eXpw tI-{µ kÀ-¡mÀ \nÀtZi {]-Im-cw tXm-« Ir-jn-bn-te-¡p t]m-Ip-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. s]m-Xphn-X-c-W k-{¼-Zm-bw \ne\nÀ¯m\m-h-iy-amb \ne-]m-SmWv CSXp-]-£-¯n-tâ-Xv. h-cp-¶ sX-c-sª-Sp-¸n 50 ko-sä¦nepw P-bn-¡m-\m-bm tI-{µ-¯n-se H-cp im-ànI tN-cn-bm-bn am-dm³ C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n-\p km-[n-¡pw. A-Xv k-½À-Zi-à-am-bn D-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯n Nn-e \-b-§Ä \-S-¸n-em-¡m-\m-Ipw. Hcp Im-e-L-«-¯n C-S-Xp-]-£-¯n-s\-Xn-tc {]-[m\-ambpw h-¶ hn-aÀ-i-\-§Ä B-bn-cp-¶p b-{´§-sf Aw-Ko-Im-c-¯-hÀ, ]p-tcm-K-a-\-¯n-\v Xpc-¦w h-b-v¡p¶-hÀ F-¶-sXms¡. F-¶-m A-¶p \-S¯n-b ]-e k-a-c-§fpw A-\n-hm-cy-am-bn-cp-¶p F-¶-Xm-Wv hm-kvX-hw. sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS sXm-gn-en-s\ _m[n-¡p¶, Po-hn-Xw hgnap-«n-¡p-¶ {]-hÀ-¯\-§-tfm-Sp F-Xn-cn-«p F-¶pam-{Xw. C-¶v km-aq-ly km-l-Ncyw hy-Xy-kv-XamWv. AXp-sIm≠v sXm-gn-em-fn _-lp-P\ {]-Øm-\w F-¶ \n-e-bn C-S-Xp]-£w A-XpÄ-s¡m-Åp¶p. hÀ-K]-cam-b hn-i-I-e-\-¯n-\p-Ån \n-¶p am-{Xw ]mÀ-«n-sb Im-tW≠-XnÃ. amdn-b km-l-N-cy-¯n ap-¼p≠m-b-Xns\-¡mÄ C-S-Xp-]-£ cm-{ão-b-¯n-\p {]k-àn Iq-Sp-Ibm-Wv.

27

kvs]j tÌmdn

92 hÀ-j-§Ä-¡p ap-¼v, Ir-Xy-am-bn

]-d-ªm Hcp s^-{_p-h-cn 9\v I-®q-cnse H-cp sIm-¨p-{Km-a-¯n-se sIm-¨p-ho«n-emWv kn ]n Ir-jv-W³ \m-bÀ ]n-d ¶Xv. Zm-cn-Zyw \n-dwsI-Sp¯n-b _mey-Im-ehpw I-ã-X-IÄ \n-d-ª Iuam-c-Im-ehpw ]-«m-f-Po-hn-Xhpw ]n-¶n«v, C-´y I-≠ an-I-¨ hy-h-km-bnbpw kw-cw-`-I-\p-am-bn A-t±-lw amdn. P-hlÀ-em s\-lv-dphpw au-≠ ≠vv _m-ä³ {]-`p-hpw DÄ-¸-sS-bp-Å-h-cp-sS kv-t\l-hm-Õ-ey-§Ä-¡v ]m-{Xo-`q-X-\mbn, Z-sseem-a ap-X _-dm-Iv H_m-a h-scbp-Å-hÀ-¡v B-Xn-tY-bXzw ]-IÀ-¶v B-Uw_c tlm-«Â _n-kn\-kv cwKs¯ A-Xn-Im-b-\mbn. ]-ß-`q-j¬ Dĸ-sS-bp-Å _-lp-a-Xn-Ifpw At±ls¯ tX-Sn-sb-¯n. `m-cym-]n-Xmhn-t\m-sSm¸w ssI-¯dn hy-h-km-b-¯n-te-¡mWv Ir-jv-W³-\mbÀ BZyw I-S-¶Xv. 35þmw h-b-kn eo-e se-bv-kv F-¶ t]-cn h-kv-{X-\nÀam-W-¡-¼-\n Øm-]n¨p. C-´y-bn-se Gähpw hen-b h-kv-{X-\nÀ-am-Xm-hm-bn Aw-Ko-Im-cw t\Sn. _-lp-`q-cn-]-£w t] cpw hn-{i-a-Po-hn-X-s¯-¡p-dn-¨v B-temNn-¡p¶ 65þmw h-b-kn-emWv, A-Xn-hn-]p-eam-b co-Xn-bn tlm-«Â _n-kn\kv ta-J-e-bn-te-¡v A-t±-lw I-S-¶Xv. apw-ss_, _w-K-eqcp, D-Z-bv-]pÀ, UÂ-ln, tKmh, Kp-Uv-Kmhv, sN-ss¶, tImh-fw F-¶n-hn-S-§-fm-bn F-«p ]-©-\-£-{X tlm-«-epIÄ. C-´y-bp-sS B-XntY-b kw-kv-Im-c-t¯m-sSm-¸w kw-cw-`-I-XzanIhpw hn-fn-¨-dn-bn-¡p-I-bmWv eo-e {Kq¸n-sâ tlm-«-epIÄ.

]pjv-] Fw

B-I-kv-an-Iam-b

A-\p-{K-l-§Ä ]n-¶n-« h-gn-I-fn-eq-sS \-S-¡p-t¼mÄ, h-gn-¯n-cnhp-Ifpw \m-gn-I-¡Ãp-Ifpw Im-Wp-t¼mÄ Iym]v-ä³ Iy-jv-W³ \m-bÀ kw-`-h-_-lp-eamb B Po-hnX-s¯ H-ä-hm-¡n ]-cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯p¶pþ B-I-kv-an-Iw. ""C-¶v Xn-cn-ªp t\m-¡p-t¼mÄ F-\n-¡pX-

28

s¶ A-Ûp-Xw tXm-¶p-¶p. B-I-kv-an-Iw F-¶p Rm³ ]-d-bp-t¼m-gpw Htcm hn-P-b-¯n-\p ]n-¶n epw A-{im-´ ]-cn-{i-aw D-≠m-bn-cp¶p. {]-hÀ-¯n¡m³ ss[-cy-s¸-Sp-¶-hÀ-¡m-Wv hnP-bw ssI-hcn-¡m³ I-gnbp-I F-¶v P-h-lÀ-em s\-lv-dp ]-d-ªn-«p≠v. Rm³ ss[cy]qÀ-hw IÀ-a-ta-J-e-Ifn-te¡vv C-d§n. {]-Xn-k-ÔnI-sf Xc-Ww sN-bvXp. £-a-tbm-sS hnP-bw h-sc Im-¯n-cp¶p.'' kv-Iq-fn hn-in-ãm-Xn-Yn-bm-bn h-¶ Nn-d-bv¡Â am-lm-cm-Pm-hn-sâ ap-¶n tIh-ew ]-¯p-

hb-kv am{Xw {]m-b-ap-f-f-t¸mÄ \n-an-j-I-hn-X X-¿m-dm-¡n hm-bn-¨p tIÄ-¸n-¨ Ip-«n, 65þmw h-bkn A-Xph-sc sN-bv-Xn-«nÃm-¯ ]pXn-sbm-cp ta-J-e-bn-te-¡v I-S-¶ hy-àn C-§-s\ Ir-jv-W-³ \mbÀ Po-hn-X-¯nep-S-\o-fw A-km-am-\yamb ss[cyw ]p-eÀ-¯n-bn-«p-≠v. ""A-¯-c-sam-cp ss[-cyw sN-dp-¸w apX-te F-\n¡p-≠m-bn-cp¶p. Nn-d-bv-¡Â a-lm-cm-Pm-hv kv-Iqfn h-¶ Znh-kw C-t¸mgpw F-\n¡v HmÀ-a-bp≠v.

B-scbpw B-IÀ-jn-¡p-¶Xpw Io-gv-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xp-

kv-Iq-fn hn-in-ãm-XnYn-bm-bn h-¶ Nn-d-bv¡Â alm-cm-Pm-hn-sâ ap-¶n tIh-ew ]-¯phb-kv am{Xw {]m-b-apf-f-t¸mÄ \n-an-j-I-hnX X-¿m-dm-¡n hm-bn-¨p tIÄ-¸n-¨ Ip-«n, 65þmw h-b-kn A-Xph-sc sN-bv-Xn-«nÃm-¯ ]pXnsbm-cp ta-J-e-bn-te-¡v I-S-¶ hy-àn C-§-s\ Ir-jv-W-³ \mbÀ Pohn-X-¯n D-S-\o-fw Akm-am-\yamb ss[-cyw ]p-eÀ-¯n-bn-«p-≠v.

am-b H-cp {]-`m-hw A-t±-l-¯n-\p-≠m-bncp¶p. Ip-«n-bm-b Rm³ A-Xn a-b-§nt¸m-bn-«p-≠m-Imw. kv-tä-Pn ]-cn-]m -Sn-IÄ \-S-¡p-¶ k-ab-¯v s_©n-encp-¶v Rm³ A-t±-l-s¯-¡p-dn-¨v H-cp Ihn-X F-gpXn. sl-Uv-am-Ìdpw a-äv A[ym-]-Icpw C-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ, kv-tä-Pn Ib-dn Rm³ B I-hn-X hm-bn-¨p. B t\c-¯v a-säm¶pw Rm³ HmÀ-¯nÃ, aäm-sc-bpw {i-²n-¨-Xp-anÃ. Nn-d-bv-¡Â alm-cm-Pm-hn-\v F-sâ Ihn-X C-ã-s¸«p, F-s¶-bpw. ]n-¶o-Sp-Å Fâ ]T-\-¯n\v kv-tIm-fÀ-jn¸pw hm-Kv-Zm-\wsNbvXp. a-{Zm-kn D-]-cn-]T-\-¯n-\p tN-À-¶ k-ab-¯v A-t±-l-¯n-sâ ssIh-iw F\n-¡p X-cm³ ]-W-anÃm-bn-cp-¶-Xn\mÂ, ssIbn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-¶ h{P-tam-Xncw Du-cn-¯-cn-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. kv-Iq-fn A-§-s\-sbm-cp kw`-hw D-≠m-bnÃm-bncp-¶p-sh-¦nÂ, a-lm-cm-Pm-hv k-lm-bn¨nÃm-bn-cp-s¶-sh-¦n F-\n¡v ap-t¶m«p ]Tn-¡m-\m-Ip-am-bn-cp-¶nÃ. R-§Ä F-«p-a-¡-fm-bn-cp-¶p. F-sâ A-Nv-O³ A-¸ \m-bÀ H¼Xv cq-] am{Xw i-¼-fw hm-§p-¶ K-h¬-saâ v Po-h-\-¡m-c-\mbn-cp¶p. B Xp-I-sIm-≠ ≠vv F§-s\ R§-sf FÃm-h-scbpw ]Tn-¸n¡pw?''

Iym-]v-ä³ tNmZn¡p¶p. ]T-\-¯n an-Sp-¡-\m-bn-cp-¶ Irjv-W-³ \m-bÀ ]n-¶oSv ]-«m-f-¯n tNÀ¶p, hn-hm-ln-X-\mbn. A-Xn-\pti-j-amWv _n-kn-\-kv cw-K-t¯-bv-¡p h-¶-Xv. `m-cy eo-e-bp-sS AÑ-\v lm³Uv eqw _n-kn\-kv B-bn-cp-¶p. A-Xn -\m B ta-J-e-bn-se¯n. ssI-¯dn-bp-sS I-b-äp-a-Xn-bn-te¡pw A-Xn \n-¶v h-kv-{X-\nÀ-am-W-cw-K-t¯¡pw Irjv-W³ \m-bÀ _n-kn\-kv hym-]n-¸n¨p. ]n-¶o-Sv C-´y-bn-se Xs¶ G-ähpw hen-b h-kv-{X-\n-Àam-W bq-Wn-än-sâ D-Sa-bm-bn A-t±-lw am-dn.

eo-e-bpw

Z eo-ebpw C-´y-bn tem-I-\n-e-hm-c-¯n-ep-Å H-cp B-Uw_c tlm-«Â \nÀ-an-¡-W-sa¶-Xv Xsâ tam-l-am-bn-cp-s¶-¦nepw B cw-K-t¯bv¡v h-cm³ Im-c-W-am-bXvv `mcy eo-e-bp-sS C-S-s]-S B-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶v A-t±-lw HmÀ-an¡p-¶p. ""apw-ss_bn A-´m-cm{ã hn-am-\-¯m-h-f-¯n-\Sp-¯m-bn-cp-¶p R-§-fp-sS hoSv. A-hnsS-bn-cp-¶m hn-am-\-¯mh-fw \-¶m-bn Im-Wmw. ho-Sn-\p Npäpw [m-cm-fw Ø-e-

ap-≠m-bn-cp¶p. hn-am-\-¯mh-fw ap-X R-§-fp-sS ho-Sn-sâ ap-¶n h-sc Sm-IvknIÄ \nc-¶p In-S-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p. B Im-gv-N-IÄ I-≠p-sIm-≠n-cnt¡, H-cp Znh-kw ssh-Ip-t¶-cw eo-e F-t¶m-Sp ]-d-ªp "\-ap-¡v Ø-e-ap-≠-tÃm. C-hnsS \-sÃm-cp tlm-«Â ]-Wn-Xm Cu K-Ìp-I-sfm-s¡ \-½p-sS tlm-«-en hcntÃ. H-cp-]m-Sp Zq-cw bm-{X sN-bv-Xv a-äp tlm-«-ep-I-fn t]m-I-≠-tÃm. \-ap-¡v \à _n-kn-\kpw In-«pw.' eo-e ]-d-ªXn Im-cy-ap-≠tÃm F-¶v F-\n-¡v tXm-¶n.'' lm³-Uv-eqw I-b-äp-a-Xn-bp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-« bm-{X-I-fp-sS `m-K-am-bn [mcm-fw hn-tZ-i-bm-{X-IÄ \-S-¯n-bn-cp-¶ Im-e¯v, H-cn-¡Â Ir-jv-W³ \m-bÀ \yq-tbmÀ-¡n-se H-¶mwInS e-£z-dn tlm-«-en Xm-a-kn-¡m-\n-S-bmbn. Po-hnX-¯n B-Zy-am-bn-cp-¶p AXp-t]m -semcp A-\p-`hw. I-cp-XÂ[-\-tam Cu ta-J-e-bp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-« A-dn-hp-Itfm H-¶pan-sÃ-¦nepw A-t¶cw Ir-jv-W³ \m-bÀ B-{K-ln-¨pþ CXp-t]-m-sem-cp tlm-«Â C-´y-bnepw Xp-S-§-Ww. B tlm-«-en-sâ D-S-abp-am-bn ]-cn-N-b-s¸Sm\pw ZoÀ-L-am-bn kw-km-cn-¡m\pw A-t±-l-¯n-\v A-hk-cw In-«n-bn-cp¶p. hÀ-j-§Ä-¡p ap-¼v D-Ån ap-f-s]m «nb B tam-l-¯n-\v sh-Åhpw h-f-hpamb-Xv B ssh-Ip-t¶-cs¯, eo-ebp-sS {]m-tbmKn-I \nÀtZ-i-am-sW-¶v A-t±-lw ]-d-bp¶p. eo-e-bp-sS ssI-¸p-Wy-hpw ]mN-I ssh-Z-Kv-[yhpw tlm-«Â taJ-e-tbm-SpÅ Xm¸-cy-w hÀ-[n-¸n¨p. "eo-e-bp-sS A-½ \-¶m-bn ]mN-Iw sN-¿p-am-bncp¶p. kv-Iq-fn-se ]Tn-¸n-t\-¡mfpw eo-e-bv-¡p Xm¸-cyw A-½-tbm-sSm¸w ]mN-Iw sN-¿m³ ]Tn-¡m-\m-bn-cp¶p. A-½ [m-cm-fw t]À-¡v B-lm-cw \Â-Ip-am-bn-cp-¶p. B-lm-cw I-gn-¨-h-cpsS kw-Xr-]v-Xn-bpw A-h-cp-sS hm-¡pI-fn-se kv-t\-l-hpw C-fw-{]m-b-¯nte Xn-cn-¨-dn-ªn-«m-Imw eo-e-bv-¡pw A-Xn-Yn-k-¡m-c-t¯m-Sp Xm¸-cyw tXm-¶n-b-Xv.''

¶nÃ. ]-©-\-£{X-tlm-«Â \nÀ-an-¡m³ tem-Wn-\p th-≠n A-t±-lw k-ao-]n-¨ `m-cXo-b tÌ-äv _m-¦n-se am-t\PÀ, _m¦v _m-e³-kv F-{X-bp-s≠-¶v tNm-Zn-¡pt¼mÄ Pm-fy-X-bnÃm-sX ]-d-bm-hp-¶ H-cp XpI t]mepw CÃm-bn-cp¶p. ""sh-dpw 5000 cq-] am-{X-am-bn-cp-¶p A-s¶-sâ F-¡u-≠n _m-e³-kp-≠m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. F-¶mepw ]-W-ap-≠m-¡m-\m-Ip-sa¶pw tlm-«Â \nÀ-an-¡m-\m-Ip-sa-¶pw F-\n-¡pd-¸p-≠m-bn-cp¶p. {]-[m-\-ambpw Ø-ew kz-´-am-bn D-≠-tÃm. ]t£, _m-¦v am-t\PÀ-¡v hn-izm-kw h-¶nÃ. A§-s\ Rm³ A-ta-cn-¡-bn-te-¡p t]m-bn, ssI¯-dn hy-hkm-b cw-K-¯pÅ F-sâ ]e kplr-¯p-¡-fn \n-¶p-ambn tlm-«-en-\p

th-≠n H-¶-c-t¡m-Sn cq-] k-am-l-cn¨p. shdpw aq-¶p am-k-¯n-\p-Ån C-{X-bpw cq-] F§-s\ kz-cq-]n-¨p-sh-¶v A-hÀ A-Ûp-X-s¸-Sp-I-t]mepw sN-bv-Xp.'' ]-WwsIm-≠pam-{Xw ]-©-\£-{X tlm-«Â \nÀ-an¨v \à \n-e-bn ap-t¶m-«p sIm≠p-t]m-Im-\m-InÃ. H-cp-]m-Sv ¹m\nw-Kpw A-[zm-\hpw H-s¡ A-Xn-\v B-h-iy-amWv. shdpw tlm-«-ep-I-fÃ, sIm-«m-c-k-Zr-iyam-b c-aylÀ-ay-§-fm-Wv Ir-j-W³ \m-bÀ \nÀ-an-¨Xv. C-¶v Xncnªp-t\m-¡p-t¼mÄ A-¯-c-¯n-ep-Å F-s«m³-]-Xp tlm-«-ep-IÄ Xm³ \nÀ-an¨p-sh-¶v hn-iz-kn-¡m³-t]m-epw {]-bm-kw tXm-¶p-¶p-sh-¶v A-t±-lw ]-d-bp¶p. "C^v tZÀ C-kv F hnÂ, tZÀ C-kv F th

XpS-¡w

sh-dpw 5000 cq] sIm≠v eo-e-bp-sS B-{K-l-{]-Im-cw tlm«Â kw-cw-`-¯n-te-¡v Im-se-Sp-¯p h-bv-¡p-t¼mÄ, Ir-jv-W³ \m-b-cp-sS ]-¡Â aq-e[-\-sam¶pw D-≠m-bn-cp-

29

kvs]j tÌmdn X-s¶-bmWv. A-Xn-Yn tZthm `-hx F-¶ \n-e-]m-Sns\ `mc-X-¯nsâ kw-kv-Im-c-ambm-Wv Xm-³ tem-I¯n-\p ap-¶n D-bÀ-¯n-¸n-Sn-¡p-¶sX¶pw A-t±-lw ]-d-bp¶p.

F-sâ tI-cfw,

F-sâ C´y

F-¶p tI-«n-«n-tÃ, A-Xn ]-d-bp-¶ a-\-¡-cp¯m-Wv F-s¶ C-sXm-s¡ sN-¿n-¨-Xv.'' A-½-bn \n-¶m-Wv lyq-a³ dn-tkm-gv-kv am-t\-Pv-saân-sâ _m-e-]mT-§Ä ]Tn-¨-sX-¶v Ir-j-vW³ \m-bÀ ]-d-bp-¶p. ""hf-sc \à BXn-tY-b- a-cym-Z-I-fp-Å B-fm-bn-cp-¶p F-sâ A-½ am-[-hnb-½. lyq-a³ dn-tkm-gv-kv am-t\Pv-saâ v F-´m-sW-¶p Rm³ I-≠p-]Tn¨-Xv A-½-bn \n-¶mWv. am³ am-t\-Pv-saânepw A-½-bv-¡v A-]m-cam-b ]mS-hw D-≠m-bn-cp¶p. ho-«n tPm-en-¡p h-cp-¶h-sc A-½ \-¶mbn kv-t\-ln-¨n-cp¶p. A-h-cp-sS B-h-iy-§Ä

30

a-\-kn-em-¡n k-lm-bn-¨n-cp¶p. AXp-sIm-≠v A-h-cn \n-¶p-Å Hu-«v]p-«v C-c-«n-bm-bn-cp¶p.

A-½-sb-t¸m-se kv-t\-l-¯nepw _-lp-am\-¯nepw A-[n-jvTn-Xamb ssi-en-bm-Wv F-\n-¡nãw. AXp-t]m-se sN-bvXp-sIm-≠n-cn¡p-¶Xpw sN-¿m-\n-cn-¡p-¶-Xpam-b Im-cy-§sf-¡p-dn-¨v IrXyam-b ¹m-\nw-Kv D-≠m-bn-cn¡-W-sa¶pw am-dn-h-cp-¶ Im-cy-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨v Ir-Xy-am-bn ]Tn-¨v A-dn-hp t\-S-W-sa¶pw Rm³ I-cp-Xp¶p. IÀ-a-¯n A-[n-jvTn-X-amWv F-sâ ssi-en''. A-Xn-YnI-sf ssZ-h-Xp-eycm-bn Im-Wm³ ]Tn-¨Xpw A-½-bn \n-¶p-

apwss_ Ft¶m UÂ-lnsbt¶m DZ-bv-]p-sct¶m hy-Xym-kanÃmsX, eo-e-bp-sS tlm-«-ep-I-tfXpw {]-IrXn-tbmSpw ]-¨¸n-t\mSpw AXo-h ku-lr-Z-¯n-em-Wv. apwss_ hn-am-\-¯mh-fw t]mepw Irjv-W³ \m-b-À l-cn-Xm-`-am¡n. ]-cnØn-Xn- kw-c-£-W-{]-hÀ-¯-\§-sf ap³-\nÀ-¯n bp-ssWä-Uv t\-j³-kv F³-h-tbm¬-saâ v t{]m-{Kmw \ÂInb t¥m-_ 500 tdmÄ Hm^v HmWÀ Dĸ-sS \n-ch-[n ]p-c-kv-Im-c-§fpw A-t±ls¯ tX-Sn-sb-¯n-bn-«p-≠v.

X-¶nse ]-cn-Øn-Xn kv-t\-ln-sb cq-]-s¸-Sp-¯n-bXpw P·-\m-Sm-sW-¶v Ir-jv-W³-\m-bÀ ]-d-bp¶p. ""{Km-ao-W-X \nd-ªp \nÂ-¡p-¶ H-cp \m-«n-em-Wv Rm³ P-\n-¨Xv. I-®q-cn-se Iq-Sm-Sn-bnÂ. {Km-aw F-¶-Xn-ep]cn h-\-Ñm-b-bp-Å H-cp \m-SmWv. F-sâ Ip-ªp-\m-fnÂ, a-eÀ-¶p In-Sn-¡p-¶ {]m-b-¯n A-Sp-¯p-Å Im-«n \n¶pw Ip-«n-bm\-IÄ ho-«p-apä-¯v h-cp-am-bn-cp¶p.

AXn-sem-cp Ip-«n-bm-\-bv-¡v, F-s¶ C-ã-am-bn-cp-¶p-h-t{X. Rm³ X-\n-sb apäs¯ ]m-b bn In-S-¡p-t¼mÄ A-½ h-cp¶-Xph-sc Cu B\ F-sâ A-Sp¯pX-s¶ \nÂ-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p F-¶v A-½ ]d-ªp tI-«n-«p-≠v.

AXp-sIm-≠p X-s¶ "\o B-t\sâ Ip-«n-bmWv' F-¶v A-½ F-s¶ I-fn-bm-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p. a®n-t\mSpw

a-c-§-tfm-Sp-ap-Å _-Ôw A-¶p-apXte D-Å-Xm-Wv. F-sâ t]-cn-ep-ap-≠v ]q-¡fpw kp-K-Ô-hpw. Nn-ämc-¯v ]q-h-¡m-Sv Ir-jv-W³-\m-bÀ F-¶mWv F-sâ t]-cn-sâ ]qÀ-W-cq]w.

Nn-äm-c-s¯-¶m kp-K-Ô-ap-Å-Xv F-¶À-Yw. ]q-h-¡m-Sn-\pw ]q-¡fpw Im-Sp-ambpw _-Ô-an-tÃ.'' HmÀ-a-Ifp-sS Ip-kr-Xn-¡m-e-¯n \n¶psIm≠v A-t±-lw ]-d-bp-¶p. Xm³ F-hn-sS-bm-bm-epw, A-hnsS-sbm-s¡ tI-c-fo-b-Xbpw ]-¨¸pw ]p-\À-\nÀ-an¡m-\p-Å {i-a-§-fm-Wv A-t±ls¯ ]-cn-Øn-Xn-kw-c-£-I-\m-¡n am-äp-¶Xv. Iym-]v-ä³ kn ]n \m-b-cn-se kw-cw-`-I-s\, 2010 cmPyw ]-ß-`qj³ \Â-In B-Z-cn¨p. A-ta-cn-¡³ A-¡mUan Hm-^v tlm-kv-]n-äm-en-än GÀ-s¸-Sp¯n-b B-Po-h-\m-´ ]p-ckv-Imcw, P\o-h B-Øm-\-am-bp-Å CâÀ\m-j-W tlm-«Â-kv & sd-kvädâ-kv A-tkm-kn-tbj-sâ tlm-«en-bÀ Hm-^v Z sk-©z-dn ]p-c -kv-Im-cw... C§s\ A-t±-l-¯n-\p k-½m-\n-¡-s¸-« ]p-c-kv-Im-c-§Ä \nc-h-[n-bmWv. a-¡fmb hn-th-Iv \mbcpw BZÀ-iv \mbcpw, sIm-¨p-a-¡fm-b Aar-X-bpw sF-iz-cybpw kw-bp-à-bpw C¶v eo-e {Kq-¸n-sâ tlm-«-epI-sf ap-t¶m«p \-bn-¡p¶p.

93þsâ ]-Sn-hm-XnÂ-¡Â \n¡p-t¼mÄ Ir-jv-W³ \m-b-À-¡v H-cp Im-cy-¯n-te k-¦-S-ap-Åqþ ""Rm³ h-fÀ-¶Xp-t]m-se F-sâ C-´y h-fÀ-¶nÃ.'' A-t±-lw ]-d-bp¶p, ""kzm-X-{´ym\-´-c C-´y-sb-¡pdn-¨v F-\n¡pw k-a-Im-eo-\À¡pw H-cp-]m-Sv kz-]v-\-§Ä D-≠m-bn-cp¶p.

A-Xn-\v B-\p-]m-Xn-I-am-bn C-´y h-fÀ¶n-«nÃ. FÃm ta-J-e-Ifn-epw h-fÀ-¨bpw hn-I-k-\hpw ssI-h-cn-¨ C-´y-bm-sW-sâ kz-]v\w''.

tars of uccess

AKIO MORITA X-{´-§-fp-sS cm-Pm-hv \nÀWmb-Iamsk-_n³ tPm-_n³ F-kv F-kv sIm-«mcw sIm-«m-cw

b Nn-e Xo-cp-am\-§Ä [o-c-ambn F-Sp-¡phm-\p-Å I-gn-hm-Wv

]-e-t¸mgpw hn-P-b-nI-sf thÀXn-cn-¨p \nÀ-¯p-¶Xv. Ce-t{Îm-Wn-Iv cwK-s¯ A-Xn-Im-bcmb tkm-Wn tImÀ-¸-tdj-sâ k-l Øm-]-I³ AIntbm tam-dnä-sb hy-Xy-kv-X-\m¡p-¶Xpw C-¯-c-¯n-ep-Å I-gn-hp-I-fmWv. 1946 H-cp Un-¸mÀ-«v-saâ v kv-täm-dn-sâ `qKÀ-` A-d-bn AIntbm tam-dn-ä-bpw a-km-cp C-_p-¡bpw tNÀ-¶p Xp-S-§n-b sNdn-b Øm-]-\-am-Wv C-¶v temI-sa-¼m-Sp-w hym-]n-¨p In-S-¡p¶ tkm-Wn tImÀ-¸-td-j-\m-bn am-dn-bXv. hf-sc k-¼-¶-am-b -_n-kn\-kv Ip-Spw_-¯n ]n-d-¶ A-Intbm tam-dn-ä aq-¶p a-¡-fn aq-¯-h-\m-bn-cp¶p. Ip-Spw-_ _n-kn\-kv \-S-¯n-s¡m-≠p t]m-tI-≠ Np-a-X-e A-t±-l-¯n-\m-bn-cp¶p. F-¶m C-f-b A-\pP-s\ _n-kn-\-kv GÂ-¸n-¨v A-t±lw Hkm-I Cw-]o-cn-b bq-Wnth-gvkn-än-bn tNÀ¶v ^n-kn-Iv-kn _n-cp-Zw t\Sn. c≠mw tem-I a-lm-bp-² Im-e-L-«¯n Cw-]o-cn-b Pm-¸-\o-kv t\-hn-bn tNÀ-¶ AIn-tbm-bp-sS \n-tbm-Kw kpkm-In-bn-se t\-h dn-kÀ-¨v C³-kv-än-äyq«n tk-h-\-a-\p-ãn-¡m-\m-bn-cp-¶p. A-hn-

¶v hm-Kv-Zm-\w sN-bvXp. ]-s£ H-cp I-≠oj³. _p-tem-h F-¶ {_m³Uv s\-bn-an-em-bn-cn¡pw C-Xv A-ta-cn-¡-bn hnXc-Ww sN-¿-s¸-Sp-I. Cu hm-Kv-Zm-\w A-¶-s¯ tkm-Wn-bpsS sam-¯w Im-¸n-ä-ssetk-j-t\-¡mÄ hen-b Xp-I-bm-bn-cp¶p. tkm-Wnbp-sS U-b-d-ÎÀ t_mÀUv Cu Hm-^À kzo-I-cn-¡W-sa-¶ ]-£-¯m-bn-cp¶p. k-l-Øm-]-I\m-b C-_p-¡bpw sS-e-{Km-an-eqsS Cu Hm-^À kzoI-cn-¡p-hm³ AIntbm tam-dn-ä-tbm-Sv B-h-iy-s¸«p. ]-t£, a-säm-cp I-¼-\nbp-sS t]-cn kz-´w DÂ-¸-¶-§Ä ]p-d-¯n-d-¡m³ AIntbm X-¿m-dm-bn-cp¶nÃ. tkm-Wn F-¶ {_m³-Un-s\ temI-sa§pw F-¯n¡p-I F-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p A-t±-l-¯n-sâ hnj³. Cu Xo-cp-am-\w i-cn-bm-sW-¶v Im-ew sX-fn-bn¨p. X-sâ _n-kn\-kv Po-hn-X-¯n-se G-ähpw \nÀ-Wm-b-I Xo-cp-am-\-am-bn-cp-¶p A-sX¶v A-t±-lw ]n-¶o-Sv A-\p-kv-a-cn-¨n«p≠v.

A-ta-cn-¡³ hn]-Wn Io-g-S-¡p-¶-Xn\p th-≠n 1963 Ip-Spw-_ k-ta-Xw \yq -tbmÀ-¡n Xm-a-k-am-cw-`n-¨ AIntbm

tam-dn-ä _n-kn\-kv h-fÀ-¨-bv¡v D-¶-X _-Ô-§Ä Øm-]n-t¡≠-Xv A-Xymh-iy-am-sW-¶v a-\-kn-em¡n-. k-aq-l¯n-se X-sâ kzm[o-\ i-àn-bpw, D-¶-X _-Ô-§fpw h-fÀ-¯m³ Hmtcm B-gv-Nbpw A-t±-lw D-¶-X³-amÀ-¡m-bn hn-cp-¶p-I-sfm-cp¡n. _o-¨n-epw ]mÀ-¡n-epw Im-dnep-sams¡ hen-b tS-¸v sdt¡mÀ-U-dp-am-bn k-©-cn-¡p-¶ A-ta-cn-¡-¡m-cp-sS kwKoX¡-¼w Xn-cn-¨-dnª AIntbm tam-dn-ä Im-e-L-«-¯n-sâ am-ä-¯n-\-\p-k-cn-¨v ]pd-¯n-d¡n-b D¸-¶-amWv "hm-¡v-am³'. tkm-Wn tImÀ-¸-tdj-\v G-ä-hp-a-[n-Iw h-cp-am-\w t\-Sn-s¡m-Sp-¯ DÂ-¸-¶-am-bn CXv amdn. a-äp I-¼-\nIÄ Cu sSIv-t\m f-Pn Uyq-¹n-t¡-äv sN-¿p-hm³ km-[y-Xbp-s≠-¶v a-\-kn-em¡n-b A-t±-lw an-I¨ amÀ-¡-änw-Kv X-{´-¯n-eq-sS 2 tIm-Sn hm-¡v-am-\p-I-fm-Wv c-≠p hÀ-j-¯n- hn-ä-gn-¨Xv. F-Xn-cm-fn-I-tf-¡mÄ F¶pw c-≠p]Sn D-bÀ-¶p \n¡p-I F-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p A-t±-l-¯n-sâ ^n-tem-k^n. an-I-¨ _n-kn\-kv X-{´-§-fp-]tbm-Kn¨v 'ta-Uv C³ P-¸m³' ap-{Z tkm-Wn F-¶ {_m³-Un-eq-sS tem-I¯nsâ Hmtcm tIm-Wp-I-fnepw F-¯n-¨ AIntbm tam-dn-ä _n-kn\-kv cwK-s¯ X-{´-§-fp-sS cm-Pm-hm-bmWv HmÀ-an-¡s¸-Sp-¶Xv.

(cm-Py-s¯ tam-«n-th-j-WÂ kv-]o-t¡-gv-kpw, ssk-t¡m-f-Pn-kv-äp-I-fpw, ssa³-Uv ]-hÀ s{S-bn-t\-gv-kp-am-Wv 20Hm-fw tam-«n-th-j-WÂ {K-Ù-§-fp-sS c-N-bn-Xm-¡fmb te-JIÀ. t^m¬ 9497216019, 9447259402 email: jskottaram@gmail.com)

sS h-¨m-Wv A-t±-lw a-km-cp C-_p¡-sb ]-cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¶Xv. c≠mw tem-I a-lm-bp-²-¯n-\p tijw A-ªq-dv tUm-f-dn-\p Xp-eyam-b Xp-I-bp-am-bn tam-dn-ä-bpw C-_p-¡bpw tNÀ-¶v B-cw-`n-¨ tSm¡ntbm sS-en I-½yq-Wn-t¡-j³-kv I-¼-\n-bm-Wv ]n-¶o-Sv t¥m-_Â {_m³Umb tkm-Wn B-bn am-dn-bXv. hmIzw Syq-_v thmÄ-«v ao-tä-gv-kpw ssd-kv Ip-¡dp-sam-s¡-bm-bncp¶p BZyw I¼\n DÂ-¸m-Zn-¸n-¨Xv. ]n-¶oSv ]p-d-¯n-d¡n-b tS-¸v sdt¡mÀU-dn-\v 500 tUm-f-dm-bn-cp-¶p hn-e.

A¶-s¯ I¬-kyq-aÀ amÀ-¡-än-\v Xm§m-\m-hp-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶nà Cu hn-e. Np-cp¡n-¸-d-ªm tkm-Wn-bp-sS B-ZyIm-e s{]m-U-Iv-äp-I-sfm-s¡ H-cp ]-cm-P-b-am-bncp-¶p-sh-¶À°w. ]-t£, hn«p-sIm-Sp-¡p-hm³ C-cp-hcpw X-¿m-dm-bn-cp-¶nÃ. A-§-s\ 1955 tkmWn-bp-sS N-cn{Xw X-s¶ am-än-b {Sm³kn-ÌÀ tdUn-tbm hn-]-Wn-bn-se-¯n.A-ta-cn¡bn-se s_ e-t_m-d-«-do-kv {Sm³-kn-kv-ädp-IÄ ]p-d-¯n-d-¡n-bn-cp-sh¦nepw tdUn-tbm-bn A-h B-Zy-am-bn D-]-tbm-Kn¨-Xv tkm-Wn tImÀ-¸-td-j\m-bn-cp¶p. C-Xv P-¸m-\n-se P-\-§Ä C-cpI¿pw \o-«n kzo-I-cn¨p.

A-ta-cn-¡³ hn-]-Wn-bm-bn-cp-¶p A-t±-l-¯n-sâ A-Sp-¯ e-£yw. ]-s£ AIntbm tam-dn-ä {]-Xo-£n¨-{X B-thiw A-ta-cn-¡-bn-se hn-X-c-W-¡m-cn \n¶pw D-≠m-bnÃ. A-h-km-\w _ptem-h F-¶ A-ta-cn-¡³ I-¼-\n-bp-sS ]-À-t¨-knw-Kv am-t\PÀ Cu an-\n-tb-¨À tdUntbm H-cp e-£w F-®w hm-§m-sa-

31

hnP-b-¯nsâ dnwKvtSm20 cm-Py-§-fn-em-bn 275 anÃy¬ D-]-t`m-àm-¡fp-Å FbÀsS 2012 temI¯n-se henb samss_ t^m¬ tkh\ Zm-Xm-¡-fp-sS ]-«n-I-bn aq-¶m-a-sX-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. ]Xn\ t©mfw B{^n¡³ cmPy§fn thcpIfp Å samss_ Hm¸tdäÀamcmb kbn³ {Kq¸ns\ 2010 PqWn GsäSp¯tXmsSbmWv `mcXn FbÀ-sS h³Ip-Xn-¸v \S¯n-b-Xv. Xp-SÀ-¶pÅ Hcp hÀj¯n\nsS 13 iXam\w hfÀ¨bm-Wv I¼\n ssIhcn-¨Xv. F-Iv-kv-{]-kv bp-hÀ-skÂ^v C-´y-bnse BZy samss_ t^m¬ tkh\ Zm-Xm-¡-fm-b `mc-Xn F-bÀ-sS en-an-ä-Uv X-s¶-bmWv cm-Py-¯v B-Zy-ambn 4Pn tk-h-\-§Ä \Â-Ip-¶ I-¼-\n-bp-sa¶-Xv F-bÀ-sSÃn-sâ Øn-c-X-bmÀ-¶ {] I-S\-¯n-sâ sX-fn-hmWv. F-Iv-kv-{]-kv bp-hÀ-skÂ^v F-¶ B-]v-X-hm-Iyw {_m³-Un-eq-sS {]-N-cn-¸n¨ -F-bÀ-sSÃn-sâ tI-c-f-¯n-te-¡p-Å hc-hv aq¶mas¯ kzImcy sSentImw tkh\ ZmXm-hm-bn-«m-bn-cp¶p. skÃpemÀ tkh\¯n\p]pdta ^nIvkvUv sse³, t{_mUv_m³Uv, UnSn-F¨v XpS§nb tkh\§fpw Imcy-£-a-am-bn X-s¶ F-bÀ-sS \-S-¸m¡n. 1995 Pqsse

Øm-]-I³ þ kp-\n `mc-Xn an¯Â (sN-bÀam³ B³-Uv Fw-Un)

Ggn-\mWv `mcXn sSen sh³-tNgvkv Øm-]n-¡-s¸«Xv. ]n¶oSv UÂlnbn FbÀsS F¶ t]cn tkh\w Xp-S-§n. 1997- a[y{]tZin ^nIvkvUv sse³ tkh\w XpS§phm\pÅ ssek³kv `mc-Xn F-bÀsSÃn-\v e-`n-¨p. C´ybnse {]apJ \Kc§fnseÃmw em³Uv sse³ tkh\w e`y-am-¡p-¶ F-bÀ-sS 2008 Unkw_dn {ioe-¦-bn-te¡pw X-§-fpsS sSentImw tkh-\w hym-]n-¸n-¡p-I-bp-≠m-bn. 2012se I-W-¡pIÄ {]-Im-cw `mc-Xn F-bÀ-sSÃn-sâ h-cp-am-\w 419.31 _nÃy¬ cq-]-bm-Wv.

ap-Jw \ÂIn-b kw-KoXw F-bÀ-sSÃn-sâ B-Zy-s¯ tem-tKmbpw Pnw-Kn-fpsaÃmw I-¼\n-sb A-Xn-th-Kw {]-i-kv-X-am-¡p-¶-Xn \nÀ-Wm-b-I ]-¦v h-ln-¨-h-bmWv. I-¼-\n-bp-sS {_m³Unw-Kn-\v G-ähpw klmbam-b-Xv 2002 F BÀ d-Ò-m³ Iw-t]m-kv sNbvX Pnw-Kn-fm-bn-cp-¶p. C-´y-bn G-ähpw Iq-SpX P-\-§Ä Uu¬-tem-Uv sNbv-X dnwKv-tSm-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-¶p C-Xv. 1995 ap-X 2002 h-sc hen-b Cw-¥o-jv A-£-c-§-fn I-dp-¯ \n-d-¯n- F-bÀ-sS F-s¶-gpXnb temtKm B-bn-cp-¶p I-¼-\n-bp-tS-Xv. 2002 I¼-\n I-dp-¸p sh-Åbpw \n-d-¯n- F-bÀ-sS F-s-¶-gpXnb temtKm kzo-I-cn¨p. 2010 B-{^n-¡bn-te-¡v tkh-\w hym-]n-¸n-¨-tXm-sS tem-tKm-bn ho≠pw am-äwh¶p. A-tXm-sSm-¸w bp-hm¡-sf B-IÀjn-¡p-¶ a-säm-cp ]pXn-b Pnw-Knfpw F BÀ d-Òm³ F-

bÀ-sSÃn-\p th-≠n Iw-t]m-kv sN-¿p-I-bp-≠m-bn. 2011 FbÀ-sSÃn-sâ "lÀ G-Iv {^-≠v k-cq-cn tlm-Xm- tl' F-¶ sS-en-hnj³ ]-c-ky-w kp-lr-Zv-_-Ô-¯n-sâ sI-«pd¸v Du-«n-bp-d-¸n-¡p-¶ Hm-^-dp-am-bn-«m-bn-cp-¶p F-¯nbXv. C-sXÃmw F-bÀ-sSÃn-sâ {_m³-Uv _nÂ-Unw-Kn \nÀ-Wm-b-I kzm-[o\w sN-ep-¯n.

\memw X-eapd C-´y-bn- BZyam-bn \memw Xeapd tkh\§Ä XpS-§n-b-Xn-sâ s{I-Unäpw FbÀ-sSÃn-\-h-Im-i-s¸-«XmWv. sIm¡¯bnemWv CXv XpS§n-bXv. 3Pn, hbÀsekv t{_mUv_m³Uv ssek³kpIÄ e-`n-¨n«pÅ FbÀsS Hcp k¼qÀW sse^v-kvssä {_m³ Umbn am-dn-s¡m-≠n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. kosjÂknse Gähpw henb sSentImw I¼\nbmb sSentImw kosjÂ-kn-s\ G-sä-Sp-¯-Xpw 2009 {]-ikv-X ^pSvt_mÄ ¢ºv am-©-ÌÀ bp-ssW-ä-Un-sâ a-Õ-c-§-fp-sS kw-t{]-£-Wm-h-Im-iw t\-Sn-b-Xpw 2011 t^mÀap-e h¬ {Km³-Uv{]n-Iv-kv kv-t]m¬-kÀ sN-bv-X-Xp-saÃmw F-bÀ-sSÃn-sâ {]-Nm-cw hÀ-[n-¸n-¨-p.

FâÀss{]kv irw-JeIÄ eokvUv kÀIyq«p-IÄþ kzX{´ambn sUUnt¡äUv sse³ BhiyapÅhÀ¡v Cu tkh\w {]tbmP\{]ZamWv. Ub sN¿msX Øncambn CâÀs\äv e`n¡phm-\pw tUm«v I½yqWnt¡j\pw eokvUv sse³ tkh\w D]tbmKs¸Sp-¯mw.

Fw-FÂFÂF³þ tI{µoIrX amt\Pv-saâpÅ eokvUv kÀ¡yq«mWv Fw-FÂFÂF³ AYhm amt\ PvUv eokvUv sse³ s\äv-hÀ¡v. D]t`màm-hnsâ Bhiy{]Imcw 64 sI_n]nFkv, 128 sI_n]nFkv, 1.5 Pn_n]nFkv XpS§nb _m³UvhnUv¯pIfn e`yamWv. Hcp ]mX XIcmdnembm thsdmcp hgn Xncn¨phn«v kÀ¡yq«v ]p\xØm]n¡phm³ Cu kwhn[m\w hgn km[n-¡pw. F-]nF Fkv-hn]nF³ þ aÄ«n t{]mt«mt¡mÄ sebv_ kzn¨nwKv hnÀNz s\äv-hÀ¡v F¶ Cu \qX\ kwhn[m\w hgn kpc£nXhpw XSkanÃm¯Xpamb irwJem tkh\w km[yamIp¶p.

t^m¡kv tIcf

jmÀP A´mcm{ã ]pkvXItaf-bnÂ

Unkn _pIvk - n-\v ]p-ck - I v- mcw ap¸¯nc≠maXv jmÀP A´mcm{ã ]pkvXItafbn Gähpw anI¨ hntZi

bpFC kp{]nw Iu¬kn AwKhpw jmÀP `cWm[nImcnbpamb tUm. kp¯m³ _n³ saml½Zv A IzmknanbnÂ\n¶v anI¨ hntZi {]km-[I \pÅ ]pc-kvImcw Unkn _pIvkv knCH chn Unkn Gäp-hm-§p¶p.

{]km[I\pÅ ]pckv-Imcw Unkn _pIv-kn\v. tafbpsS DZvLmS\¨S§n emWv bpFC kp{]nw Iu¬kn AwKhpw jmÀP `cWm[nImcnbpamb tUm. kp¯m³ _n³ saml½Zv A Izmknan Cu {]Jym]\w \

S¯nbXv. At±l¯n \n ¶v Unkn _pIvkv knCH chn Unkn ]pckvImcw Gäphm§n. temI¯nse Gähpw henb \memaXv A´mcm{ã ]pkvXItafbmWv jmÀP CâÀ\m jW _p¡v s^bÀ. 53 cmPy§fn \n¶mbn {]apJ {]km[IscÃmw ]s¦Sp¡p¶ tafbnemWv Un kn _pIv-kn\v ]pckvImcw e`n¨Xv.

kq¸Àam³ ae-bm-f-¯n tkmWn UnF-Un-tlmw kn-bpsS

FâÀsSbvsaâ v hn`mKw kq¸À ams\ C´y³ `mjI-fn Ah-X-cn¸n-¡p-¶p. kq¸À am³þam³ Hm^v Ìo F¶ Nn{X-¯nsâ ae-bmfw, Xangv, sXep¦v, lnµn, ]©m_n `mjI-fn-epÅ Unhn-Un-bmWv ]pd-¯nd-§p-¶-Xv. 169 cq]-bmWv hne.

32

sXmSp-]pg Icn-¦p¶w sSdm-tIm¬ _nÂtUgvkv ¹m\äv ssSÂkv & km\n-ädn tjmdqw Pe-hn-`h hIp¸v a{´n ]n sP tPmk^v DZvLm-S-\w- sN-¿p-¶p. ]n Sn tXmakv Fw]n, ]mÀSvWÀam-cmb tPmÀPv hÀKokv, APbv Pntbm, hnPbv Pntbm F¶n-hÀ kao-]w.

F-´m-Wv t]äâv ssdäv \q -X-\hpw D-]-tbm-K-{]-Z-hpamb H-cp DÂ-¸-¶-¯n-sâ kr-ãm-

hnt\m A-sÃ-¦n \n-e-hn-ep-Å H-cp DÂ-¸¶-s¯ ]-cn-jv-I-cn-¡pItbm A-Xn-sâ \-ho-\am-b \nÀ am-W co-Xn B-hn-jv-I-cn-¡p-Itbm sN-¿p-¶ hy-ànt¡m H-cp \nÝnX Im-e-b-f-hn-te-¡v \Â-Ip-¶ AUz. sI ]n k-¼qÀ-W A-h-Im-i-am-Wv t]äâ v `mtKyjv ssdäv. {]-kvXp-X Im-e-b-f-hn-\p ti-jw G-sXm-cp hy-àn¡pw Cu I-≠p-]n-Sp-¯w kz-X-{´-am-bn D-]tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯m-hp-¶-XmWv. H-cp I-≠p-]n-Sp-¯w \qX-\ -am-bn I-W-¡m-¡-W-sa-¦n A-Xv tem-I-¯n-se-hnsSbpw ap³ D-]-tbm-K-¯n-eqsStbm {]-kn-²o-I-c-W-§-fneqsStbm s]m-XpP-\-§Ä A-dn-bm¯-Xv B-bn-cn-¡Ww. H-cp sk-an-\mdntem k-t½-f-\¯ntem {]-kvXp-X I≠p-]n-Sp-¯-hpam-bn _-Ô-s¸-«p \-S-¡p-¶ NÀ-¨-IÄ t]mepw DÂ-¸-¶-¯n-sâ ]pXp-a \-ã-s¸-Sp-¯pw.

th-Kw h-¶m ImcywIm-Wmw t]-äân-\p-Å A-t]-£ k-aÀ-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn Im-e-Xmakw ]m-SnÃ. A-t]-£ k-aÀ-¸n-¡m³ sshIpwtXmdpw A-hk-cw \-ã-am-hm-\p-Å km-[y-Xbpw Iq-Sp-X-emWv. t]äâ v A-t]-£ k-aÀ-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\v ap-¼v A-Xn-s\ kw_-Ôn-¨p-Å hn-h-c-§Ä {]-kn-²o-I-cn-¡mt\m atäm ]mSnÃ. A-´m-cm-{ã X-e-¯n c-≠p X-cw k-ao-]-\w t]-äâ v hy-h-Ø-bn Im-Wmw. {]-{In-bm t]-äâpw (Process Patent) DÂ-¸-¶ t]-äâpw (Product Patent). C-´y-bn B-ZyIme-¯v \n-e-hn-en-cp-¶-Xv {]-{In-b t]äâ v am-{Xambn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw tem-I hm-Wn-PyI-cm-dn-\v hn-t[-b-ambn \nÀ-tZin-¡-s¸-« t`-Z-K-Xn-IÄ h-gn DÂ-¸-¶ t]äâ v Iq-Sn \-S-¸m-¡n-¯p-S-§n. 1970se t]äâ v B-În 2002, 2005 hÀ-j-§-fn km-cam-b t`-Z-K-Xn-IÄ h-cp¯n. t] äâ v Im-em-h-[n 7 ap-X 14 hÀ-jw h-sc F-¶-Xn \n-¶pw 20 hÀ-j-am-¡n D-bÀ¯n. tem-I _u²n-I kz¯-hIm-i kw-L-S-\-bpsS (WIPO) B-hnÀ-`m-h-t¯m-sS A-´m-cm-{ã-X-e-¯n t]-äâp-IÄ¡pw a-äv A-\p-_-Ô kz-¯p-¡Ä¡pw k-hnti-j ]-cnK-W-\ e-`y-ambn.

tUm-Îdpw tcm-Knbpw t]mse H-cp tcm-Kn tUm-Î-tdm-Sv tcm-K hn-h-c-§Ä kw-_Ôn-¨v FÃm Im-cy-§fpw sh-fn-s¸-Sp-¯Xp-t]m-se H-cp t]-ä-â n-sâ D-]-Úm-Xm-hv X-sâ I-≠p-]n-Sp-¯-s¯-¡pdn-¨p-Å FÃm Im-cy-§fpw t]äâ v A-tämÀWn-tbm-Sv ]-d-tb-≠-XmWv. F-¶m am-{X-ta t]äâ v kw-_-Ôn-¨ hn-i-Z hn-h-c-§Ä C-\w Xn-cn-s¨-gp-Xn t]-äân-\v th-≠nbp-Å A-hIm-i hm-Zw Ir-Xy-am-bn D-¶-bn¡m³ km-[n¡p-I-bpÅp. I-≠p-]n-Sp-¯-¯n-\n-S-bn kw-`-hn-¨ ]-cmP-b§Ä, a-äp kw-`-h hn-Im-k-§Ä F-¶n-h ]qÀ-W -ambpw h-kv-Xp\n-jvT-ambpw A-tämÀ-Wn-¡v \Â-tI-≠XmWv. I-≠p-]n-Sp-¯-¯n-sâ aÀ-ahpw A-Xn-sâ ]p-Xp-abpw ti-jnbpw D-]-tbm-K£-a-Xbpw hn-i-Zo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw FÃm tc-J-Ifpw {]-am-W-§fpw A-tämÀ-Wn-¡v \Â-IpIbpw sN-¿p-¶Xn-s\m-¸w C-h-bpsS tIm-¸n-IÄ D-]Úm-Xmhv kq-£n-¡p-Ibpw thWw. a-säm-cp DÂ-¸-¶¯n-sâ A-sÃ-¦n {]-{In-b-bp-sS ]-cn-jvIr-X cq-]-am-Wv X-sâ I-≠p-]n-Sp-¯-sa-¦n A-¡mcyw k-Xy-k-Ô-am-bn Xpd-¶p ]-d-bWw. F¦n am-{X-ta `m-hn-bn tZm-jw h-cm-sX Xn-I-ª A-h-Im-i-hm-Z-t¯m-sS t]äâ v {Um^v-änw-Kv \-S-¯m³ t]-äâ v A-tämÀ-Wn-¡p km-[y-am-hp-Ibp-Åq.

Nn-e Im-cy-§Ä c-l-ky-am-bn-cn-¡s« H-cp I-≠p-]n-Sp-¯-¯n-sâ hm-Wn-Pykm-[y-X-IÄ t] äâ v A-t]-£-bn sh-fn-s¸-Sp-t¯-≠-XnÃ. H-cp D¸m-Z-\ bq-Wn-än-sâ cq-]o-I-cWw, DÂ-¸m-Z-\ co-Xn-IÄ, cq-] am-Xr-I-I-fp-sS Nn-{X-§Ä XpS-§n I-≠p-]n-Sp-¯¯n-sâ hm-Wn-Py-hÂ-¡-c-W-¯n-\p th-≠ FÃm hn-hc-§fpw DÄ-s¸-Sp-¶ {]m-tbmKn-I hn-Úm-\w FÃm-bvt¸mgpw H-cp hm-Wn-Py c-l-ky-am-bn-cn-¡mw. t]-äân-eq-sS C¯-cw {]m-tbmKn-I hn-Úm-\-§Ä kw-c-£n-¡-s¸-Sp¶nÃ. \nÀ-Zn-ã I-≠p-]n-Sp-¯w {]m-cw-`L-«-¯n-em-bn-cn-¡pt¼mgpw ]qÀ-W hn-h-c-§Ä \Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\v Im-e-Xma-kw

{]-Xo-£n-¡p-t¼mgpw XmÂ-¡men-I hn-h-c-§Ä k-aÀ-¸n¨v I-≠p-]n-Sp-¯-¯n-\p-Å ap³K-W-\ t\-Sm-hp-¶-XmWv. C¯-cw XmÂ-¡men-I hn-h-c-§Ä A-t]-£I-\v t]-äâ v A-h-Im-iw \Â-Ip-¶n-sÃ-¦nepw I-≠p-]n-Sp-¯-¯n-sâ B-Zy D-S-a-Øm-h-Im-i-¯n-\v C-sXm-cp {]-[m-\-s¸-« tcJ-bm-bn ]-cn-K-Wn-¡pw. XmÂ-¡m-en-I-am-bn \Â-Ip-¶ hn-h-c-§Ä kzX-{´ kz-`m-hw DÄ-s¡m-Åp-¶-hbpw Ønchpw im-kv-{Xo-bhpw \n-b-a-hp-am-bn _-Ô-ap-Å-Xpam-b {]-am-W-am-bn-cn-¡pw. C-Xn t`-Z-K-Xn-IÄ A-\p-hZn¡p¶XÃ. XmÂ-¡men-I hn-h-c-§Ä k-aÀ-¸n-¨v 12 am-k§Ä-¡p-Ån I-≠p-]n-Sp¯-s¯ kw-_-Ôn-¨ ]qÀ-W hn-h-c-§Ä \Â-In-bm am-{X-ta A-t]-£I-\v t]äâ v e-`n-¡p-I-bpÅp. B-Zy-am-bn A-t]-£ \Â-Ip-t¼mÄ X-s¶ ]qÀ-W hn-h-c-§Ä \Â-Ip-Ibpw B-hmw.

t]äâ v CâÀ-\m-j-W Aà B-tKm-f t]äâ v F-¶ H-cp Imcyw CÃ. hnhn-[ cmPy-§-fn t]äâ v A-h-Im-iw B-h-iy-sa-¦n A-Xm-Xv cm-Py-§-fn t]äâ v A-t]-£ k-aÀ-¸n-t¡-≠-XmWv. F-¶n-cp-¶mepw Nn-e taJem hy-h-Ø-IÄ¡p Io-gn h-cp-¶ cm-Py-§-fp-sS Im-cy-¯n H-cp A-t]£ sIm≠v hnhn-[ cm-Py-§-fnse t]äâ v A-h-Im-iw t\-Sm-hp¶-XmWv. bq-tdm-]y³ cm-Py-§Ä-¡p sam¯-am-bpÅ bq-tdm-]y³ t]äâ v Hm-^o-kv D-Zm-l-cWw. H-cp cm-Py-¯v Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨ I-≠p-]n-Sp-¯-¯n-\v a-säm-cp cmPyw AwKo-Im-cw \Â-I-W-sa-¶nÃ. Hmtcm cm-Py-s¯ t]äâ v Hm-^o-kp-IÄ¡pw A-t]-£-IÄ kzo-I-cn¡mt\m \n-ckn¡mt\m D-Å ]-cn-]qÀ-W kzm-X-{´yw D≠v.

I-eÀ-¸nÃm-sX tIm¸n-ssd-äv

ãn-IÄ D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xn-s\ \nb-aw hn-e-¡p-¶nÃ.

tPm-en sNbv-tXmfq, A-h-Im-iw tNm-Zn-¡-cpXv H-cp tkm-^v-ävsh-bÀ I-¼-\n-bn-se Po-h-\-¡m-c³ kzbw hn-I-kn-¸n-s¨-Sp-¯ t{]m-{Km-an-\p-Å ]-IÀ-¸-h-Im-iw {]-kvXp-X I-¼-\n-bn \n-£n-]v-X-am-bn-cn-¡pw. ]-t£, C-Xv H-cp I-cmÀ {]-Im-c-am-sW-¦n {]-kvXp-X Iw-]yq-«À t{]m-{Kmw hn-I-kn-¸n-s¨-Sp-¡p-¶-bmÄ-¡m-bn-cn-¡pw ]-IÀ¸-h-Im-iw e-`n-¡p-¶Xv. C-sÃ-¦n I-cmÀ sIm-Sp-¡p-¶ B-fn \n¶pw I¼\n C-Xv tc-Jmaq-ew F-gp-Xn hm-§n¨n-cn-¡Ww.

kÀ-Km-ß-I kr-ãn-Ifm-b km-ln-Xyw, \r¯w, kwKoXw, Nn-{XI-e, inÂ-¸I-e, t^m-t«m-{K^n, kn-\n-a, Iw-]yq-«À t{]m-{Km-apIÄ, tkm-^v-ävsh-b-dp-IÄ Xp-S-§nb-h-sbÃmw A-Xn-sâ cq-]-¯nepw `m-h-¯nepw B-IrXn-bnepw {]-Ir-Xn-bnepw IÂ-¸-\-bnepw Im-gv-N-bnepw kw-c-£n-¡-s¸-tS-≠-Xp≠v. A-Xn-\p th-≠n-bm-Wv 1957  C-´y³ tIm¸n-ssd-äv \nb-aw \n-e-hn h-¶Xv. A-£-c-§fpw A-¨-Snbpw XpS-§n Ce-t{Sm-Wn-Iv Nn-¸pIfpw tImw-]m-Îv Un-kv-Ip-Ifpw h-sc tIm¸n-ssd-äv h-gn ]-cn-c-£n-¡-s¸-Sp¶p. H-cp DÂ-¸-¶-¯n-sâ ]-IÀ-¸v F-Sp¡p-¶-Xn-s\-bmWv Cu \nb-aw \n-b-{´n-¡p-¶Xv, ]p\-cp-]-tbm-Ks¯tbm ssI-am-äs¯tbm AÃ. Un-Pn-ä km-t¦Xn-I hn-Py D-bÀ-¯p-¶ shÃp-hn-fn-IÄ t\-cn-Sp-¶Xn\pw kn-\n-aþkwKo-X hy-hkm-b ta-J-e-bn-ep-Å-h-cpsS XmÂ-¸-cy-§Ä kw-c-£n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw A-h-Xm-c-I-cpsS _u²n-I kz-¯-h-Im-i-§Ä kw-c-£n-¡p-¶-Xn \pw a-äp-am-bn I-gn-ª hÀ-jw {]-kvXp-X \n-b-a-¯n km-cam-b t`-Z-K-Xn-IÄ sIm-≠p-h-¶n-«p≠v.

H-cp kn-\n-a-bp-sS kw-hn-[m-bI-\p Iq-Sn ]-IÀ-¸-hIm-i-¯n ]-¦m-fn-¯w \Â-Ip-hm-\p-Å t`-Z-K-Xn-bm-Wv C-Xn G-sd {i-t²bw. kw-hn-[m-bI-s\ kn-\n-a-bp-sS \nÀ-am-Xmhn-t\m-sSm-¸w Xp-ey-am-bn ]-cn-K-Wn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv t`-Z-KXn. Ir-Xn-I-fp-sS D-]-tbm-Kw kw-_-Ôn-¨v Im-temNn-Xam-b ]pXn-b coXnIÄ \-S¸m¡m³ I-gn-bm-¯ A-h-Ø, ]-IÀ-¸-h-Im-in-Ifpw Ir-Xn-IÄ D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶-hcpw X-½n \n-b-a bp-²-§Ä-¡p h-gnsX-fn-¨n-cp¶p.

Cu kw-LÀ-j-§Ä-¡p A-dp-Xnh-cp-¯p-¶-Xn-\p-Å a-cp¶mIpw C-t¸mÄ sIm-≠ph-¶n-«p-Å t`-Z-K-Xn-IÄ F-¶pI-cp-X-s¸-Sp¶p. km-t¦Xn-I hn-Zy D-]-tbm-Kn-¨v Ir-Xn-I-fp-sS ]-IÀs¸-Sp-¡p-¶Xpw CâÀ-s\äv, samss_ Xp-S§n-bh h-gn A-\-[n-IrX-am-bn hn-Xc-Ww sN-¿p-¶-Xp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸«v ]-IÀ-¸-h-Im-in-¡p-≠m-Ip-¶ A-hIm-i ew-L\w Cu \n-b-a-{]-Im-cw X-S-bm-hp-¶-XmWv. c-N-bn-Xm-hv, aqe-[-\ \n-t£-]IÀ, sXm-gn-epS-a, {]-km-[IÀ, {]m-tbm-PIÀ, kÀ-¡mÀ þ kÀ-¡m-cn-X-c Øm-]-\-§Ä F-¶n-h-bv-¡m-Wv tIm¸n-ssd-äv A-\p-hZn-¨p In-«p-I. tIm¸n-ssd-äv D-S-a-Ø-sâ tc-Jmaq-e-ap-Å A-\pa-Xn {]-Im-cw a-säm-cp hy-àn-¡v {]-kvXp-X A-hIm-iw A-\p-`-hn-¡p-hm³ km-[n-¡pw. tIm-¸nssd-äv D-Å kr-ãn-IÄ A-\p-hm-Zw Iq-Sm-sX ]p-\-c-h-Xcn-¸n-¡p-Itbm {]-kn-²o-I-cn-¡p-Itbm {]-ZÀ-in-¸n-¡p-Itbm sN-¿p¶Xv Ip-ä-I-c-amWv. c-N-bn-Xm-hn-sâ AY-hm tIm¸n-ssd-äv A-h-Im-in-bp-sS Po-hn-X-Im-ehpw A-h-cp-sS Im-e-ti-jw 60 hÀ-jhpw B-bn-cn¡pw ]-IÀ-¸-hIm-i kwc-£-W Imew. ]T-\ K-th-j-WmÀ-°w ]-IÀ-¸-h-Im-i-ap-Å kr-

33

BRAND Hcp t]cn\pa¸pdw

kp-[oÀ _m_p

"{_m³Uv' F¶Xv tIhew Hcp t]-cÃ, _nkn\kv {]Xn\n[m\w sN¿p¶ Hcp kwkvImcamWv.

D¸¶s¯¡mfpw tk-h\t¯¡mfptasd B t]cv ssIamäw sN¿s¸Sp¶ aqey§Ä-¡mWv {] kàn. D]t`màm¡Ä AhcpsS \nco£W§fn eqsSbpw A\p`h§fneqsSbpw t\Sp¶ AdnhpIfpsS sam¯w kmcmwiamWv {_m³Uv. iàamb Hcp {_m³ Uv Npäp]mSpIfpambn \nc´cw kwthZn¡pIbpw {] Xn\n[oIcn¡p-¶ aqey§sf t{]£Ww sN¿pIbpw sN¿p¶p. hn]Wnbnse InSaÕc§Ä¡nSbn ]nSn¨p \n ¡m\pw hfcm-\pw D¸¶§fpw tkh\§fpw an-I¨-Xm-bm am{Xw t]mc. _nkn\Êns\ Hcp {_m³ Um¡n amäm³ km[n¡m¯nSt¯mfw Imew _nkn\ Ênsâ ZoÀLIme \n-e-\n¸v Dd¸phcp¯m\m hnÃ. hnizkvXamb Hcp {_m³Un\pth≠n ]Ww apS¡phm³ D]t`màmhv Ft¸mgpw X¿mdmhp¶p. hm-§m³ Xocpam\saSp¡p¶ D]t`màmhnsâ a\ knte¡v IS¶pIbdm\pÅ iàn {_m³Un\p≠m hWw. AhcpsS Xocpam\§sf kzm[o\n¡phm\pw BIÀjn¡phm\pw {_m³Un\p I-gn-bWw. at\m lcamb Hcp t]cnSpI F¶Xà {_m³UnwKv. t] sc´p Xs¶bmbmepw AXp {]Xn\n[m\w sN¿p¶ Bib§Ä¡pw aqey§Ä¡pamWv {]kàn.

t_m[-]qÀhw {_m³Uv krjvSn¡pI {_m³Uv \n§fpsS _n-kn\Ênsâ hyànXzamWv. D¸¶§sf thÀXncn¨dnbphm\pw KpW^e§sf hniIe\w sN¿phm\pw hm§p¶ Xocpam\ saSp¡phm\pw D]t`màmhns\ klmbn¡p¶Xv {_m³UmWv. D¸¶§fpsS cq-]-I¸\ apX D]

{_m³UnwKv & {_m³Uvkv almßmKmÔn F¶ \maw a\kntet¡mSnsb¯pt¼mÄ AÀ²\á-\mb Hcp hµy htbm-[n-Isâ cq]w am{Xaà \½psS DÄ¡mgvNbn sXfnbp¶-Xv. Hcp kwkvImchpw hyànXzhpw PohnX ho£Whpw DÄs¸Sp¶ B hyànbpsS kaqeamb Hcp ]cnthjw IqSn B cq]¯ns\m¸w a\kn \ndbp-¶p. A-XmbXv Hcp \m-aw AXp {]Xn\n[m\w sN¿p¶ aqey§sf¡qSn {]Xn^en¸n¡p¶p.

t`màmhnsâ kwXr]vXn hsc \ofp¶ t_m[-]qÀh amb Hcp ]Sp¯pbÀ¯Â {]{Inb-bmWnXv. hnPbn¨ Hcp {_m³Uv \n§Ä¡pt≠m XoÀ¨bmbpw B Hcp {_m³UneqsS Hcp]mSv D¸¶§fpw tkh\§fpw D]t`màmhntes¡¯n¡mw. hnizkvXamb Hcp {_m³Uv \maw hln¡p-¶ D¸¶§Ä D] t`màm¡Ä c≠p ssIbpw \o«n kzoIcn¡pw.

{_m³Uns\ kwc£n¡pI \n§fpsS _n-kn-\-kn\mbn \n§Ä krjvSn¡p¶ {_m³Upw \n-§-fp-sS kz-´-amWv. hfsc t_m[-]qÀhw kwc£n¡s¸tS≠ H-¶mWnXv. \n§fpsS _n-kn\kv amÀ¡äv ]nSn¨p \nÀ¯phm\pw A\pIcW§sf Hgnhm ¡phm\pw {_m³Unsâ kwc£W¯n\p Ignbp-¶p. _n-kn\kv X{´§fn AXoh {]m[m\yapÅ {_m³ Uv \mas¯ cPnÌÀ sNbvXv kwc£n¡m³ km-[n ¡pw. Hcp {_m³Uv ]Sp¯pbÀ¯pt¼mÄ Xs¶ B \maw t{SUvamÀ¡v cPnÌÀ sNbvXv kwc£Ww t\Sn bnÃmsb¦n \mw hfÀ¯nsbSp¯ {_m³Uv {]Xn tbmKnIfpsS ssIbnse¯p¶ AhØ D≠mhmw.

{_m³Upw aqeyhpw {_m³Uv aqey§sf {]Xn\n[m\w sN¿p¶p. _nkn\kv GXp kwkvImc¯neq¶nbmtWm hfcp¶Xv AXns\ {_m³Uv {]Xn^en¸n¡p¶p. DZmlcWambn Ieym¬ PqhtÃgvkv F¶ {_m³Uv "hnizmkw' F¶ aqeys¯ {]Xn^en¸n¡phm³ B{Kln¡p-¶p.

D¸¶s¯¡pdnt¨m Cu {_m³Uns\¡pdnt¨m D] t`màmhv Nn´n¡pt¼mÄ hnizmkw F¶ aqeyw IqSn B \ma¯ns\m¸w t{]£Ww sN¿s¸Sp¶p. ]cky§Ä BhnjvIcn¡pt¼mÄ GXp aqey-§sf-bm-Wv P-\-§-fn-se¯n-t¡-≠-sX¶v hyàamb

hmd³ _^ Á v WA R R E N B U F F E T T tem-I-{]-ikv-X am-t\-Pv-sa-â v hn-Z-Kv²³ hmd³ _-^-än-s\ temI-s¯ G-ähpw hen-b [-\n-I-\pw \n-t£-]-I-\p-am¡n-b X-{´§Ä

Hcp Un kn _pIvkv ap{ZWw

Z \yq _-^-tämfPn

THE NEW BUFFETTOLOGY

ta-cn _^äv & tU-hn-Uv ¢mÀ¡v / hn-hÀ-¯\w: Zneo-]v ^n-en¸v / ~ 175

.......................................................................................

hmd³ _^änsâ hnP-b-kq-{X-§Ä

THE TAO OF WARREN BUFFETT ta-cn _^äv & tU-hn-Uv ¢mÀ¡v / hn-hÀ-¯\w: tkm-bn ]p-fn-¡Â / ~ 130

.......................................................................................

hmd³ _^änsâ amt\-Pv-saâv hn-P-b-X-{´-§Ä WARREN BUFFETT’S MANAGEMENT SECRETS ta-cn _^äv & tU-hn-Uv ¢mÀ¡v / hn-hÀ-¯\w: Po³ t]mÄ / ~ 90

A¨Sn-bnÂ

.......................................................................................

anI-¨ \n-t£-]-¯n-\m-bn _m-e³-kv jo-äp-IÄ a-\-Ên-em¡mw

WARREN BUFFETt AND THE INTERPRETATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ...............................................................

Hm-l-cn-hym-]m-cw F-¶ Ie

WARREN BUFFETT AND THE ART OF STOCK ARBITRAGE

Un kn _pIvkv, Un kn Ing--s°apdn CSw, tIm´bw 686 001 a0481˛256 3114, 9846133336 ccustomercare@dcbooks.com Visit our online bookstore at www.dcbookshop.net, www.dcbooks.com

34

[mcWbp≠m-hWw. {]ikvXcmb hyànIÄ {_m³ Uv Aw_mkUÀamcmbn F-¯p¶Xv P\§Ä {_m³ Unt\mSv am\knIambn A-Sp-¡m³ k-lm-b-I-amWv. B hyànbpw At±lw {]Xn\n[oIcn¡p¶ aqey§fpw IqSn {_m³Upambn Iq«nt¨À¡s¸Sp¶p.

{_m³Unsâ hyànXzw Hmtcm {_m³Un\pw X\Xmb hyànXzap≠v. t_m[-]qÀhw k¶n-thin¸n¡s¸Sp¶ Cu hyànXzw D]t`màmhnsâ Xocpam\§sf kzm[o\n¡p¶p. hnesb¡pdn¨v hymIpes¸SmsX B¸nfnsâ (Apple) D¸¶§Ä am{Xw D]tbmKn¡p¶ D] t`màm¡fp≠v. iàamb Hcp Bß_Ôw Cu {_m³Unsâ hyànXzhpambn D]t`màmhn krjvSn¡s¸«ncn¡p-¶p-sh-¶-Xm-Wv Im-cWw.

\n§Äs¡mcp {_m³Upt≠m?

Cà F¶mWp¯csa¦n Hcp {_m³Uv krjvSn¡s¸S-Ww. \n§fpsS _nkn\Ênsâ C\nbpÅ \n-e-\n¸pw hfÀ¨bpw Cu {_m³Uv ]Sp¯pbÀ¯eneqsSbmWv. IrXyamb IW¡pIq«epItfm-sSbpw hyàamb cq]tcJIfneqsS-bp-amWv Hcp {_m³Uv krjv-Sn-¡-s¸-tS-≠Xv. \n-§Ä _n-kn\Ên cq]s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw Im-¯p-kq-£n-¡pIbpw sNbv-X aq-ey-§fpw kwkvImchpw Cu {_m³Uv \ma¯neqsS D]t`màmhntes¡¯Ww. {]apJ amt\Pvsaâ v I¬kÄ«âpw ]cnioeI\pamb teJI³ FdWmIpfw tI{µambn {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ UohmeÀ amt\Pvsaâ v IÄkÄ«â vkv ss{]häv enanäUv amt\ PnwKv UbdIvSdmWv. Cu tImf¯n ssIImcyw sN¿p¶ hnjb§sf¡pdn¨pÅ kwib§Ä sudheerbabu@devalorconsultants.com F¶ Cþsabnente¡bbv¡mw.

sk_n³ F-kv sIm-«m-c-¯n-\v {]-kv Iu¬-kn Hm-^v C´ym A-hmÀ-Uv l-ao-Zv A³-km-cn k-½m-\n-¨p. {]kv Iu¬-kn Hm-^v tIm«-bw Xp-cp-¯n kz-tZC-´y-bp-sS tZio-b am[ya ]p inbm-b sk-_n-\v [o-c-X-bv¡p-c-kv-Im-cw sk-_n³ F-kv sIm«m-c-¯n-\v. Iq-en-¸-Wn-¡m-cn-bn \n-¶v A-ta-cn-¡-bn-se aq-¶p I-¼-\n-I-fp-sS knCH h-sc-bmbn D-bÀ-¶ B-{Ôm-{]-tZiv kz-tZ-in-\n tPym-Xn sd-Ín-sb¡p-dn-s¨-gpXn-b te-J-\¯n-\mWv kv-{Xo-im-ào-I-c-W- ta-J-ebn-se an-I-¨ te-J-\-¯n-\p-Å A-hmÀUv e-`n-¨-Xv. A-ce-£w cq-]bpw {]-i-kv-Xn-]-{Xhpw ^-e-I-hp-a-S§p-¶- A-hmÀ-Uv tZio-b am-[y-a-Zn-\am-b \-hw-_À 16\v UÂ-ln-bnse hn-Úm³ `-h-\n \-S-¶ N-S-§n D-]-cm-{ã]-Xn

Å C-´y-bn-se ]-c-tam-¶-X kn-hn-en-b³ _-lp-a-Xnbm-b Po-h³ c-£m ]-YIv, tI-c-f-¯nse G-ähpw an-I-¨ \m-j-W kÀ-ho-kv kvIow thm-fânbÀ¡p-Å kwØm-\ kÀ-¡m-cnsâ A-hmÀUv, an-I-¨ te-J-\¯n-\v A-ta-cn-¡-bn \n-¶p-Å cm-Pym-´-c ]p-kv-Im-cw F-¶nh-bpÄ-s¸-sS H-t«-sd ]p-c-kv-Im-c-§Ä e-`n-¨n-«p≠v.

CâÀ-\m-j-W tam-«n-th-j-\ kv-]o-¡dpw C-cp-]-tXm-fw ]p-kv-X-I-§-fpsS c-N-bn-Xm-hp-am-Wv sk-_n³.

t\Sq Po-hn-X-hn-Pbw tUm. tPm¬ F-^v Un-amÀ-«n\n hn-hÀ-¯-\w: kp-\n Fw Fkv Po-hn-X-¯n-se A-Xn-i-b-I-c-am-b km-[y-X-I-sf-¡pdn¨pw Pohn-X e-£y-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨pw {]-Xn]m-Zn-¡p-¶ {KÙw. kz-´w e£yw a-äp-Å-h-cp-am-bn ]-¦p-hbv-¡p-¶Xn\pw hn-P-b-¯n-te-¡p \o-§p-¶-Xn-\pw Cu {KÙw B-ß-hn-izm-kw \Â-Ipw. hn-Zym-`ym-k hn-Z-Kv-[\pw a-\p-jy-kz`m-h hn-Z-Kv-[-\pamb tUm. tPm¬ F-^v Un-amÀ-«n-\n-bpsS Cu c-N-\ kz-´w Po-hn-Xw hn-e-bn-cp¯-p-¶ hm-b-\-¡mc-\v k-lm-b-I-amWv. \-½p-sS ap³-hn[n-I-sfbpw {]-Xn-_-Ô-§-sfbpw a-dn-I-S-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Å h-gn-Ifpw {K-Ù-¯n-ep-≠v. 275 hy-Xykv-X ta-J-e-I-fn hn-kv-Xr-Xam-b A-dn-hp t\-Sn-bn-«p-Å te-J-I³ a-\pjy-kz-`m-h-s¯¸-än \-S¯n-b hnhn-[ ]T-\ K-th-j-W§Ä h³ {i-² t\-Sn-bn-cp-¶p. {]-km-[-IÀ: Un-kn sse^v t]-Pv: 280 hn-e: 175

BOOK REVIEW

B R A N D I N G / N AT I O N

B U I L D E R S

cmjv{S-\nÀ½n-Xnbpw Hcp {_m³Uv _n UnwKv {]{Inb Xs¶bm-Wv. anI-¨ cmjv{S§sf sI«n-¸-Sp¯ cmjv{S in¸n-Isf ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯p¶ ]wàn-bpsS c≠mw -`mKw kµo]v ]n Fkv

tI-

h-ew aq¶p-tIm-Sn am{Xw P-\-kw-Jybp-Å H-cp sIm-¨p- em-än-\-ta-cn¡³ cm-{ãs¯ tem-I-cm-{ão-b-¯n-se \nÀ-Wm-b-I {i-²m-tI-{µ-am-¡n h-fÀ-¯n-b A-km-am\y t\Xr-]m-S-h-am-bn-cp¶p lyptKm jm-th-kv. sh\-kz-esb, s_m-fn-th-dn-b³ dn-¸-»nIv Hm-^v sh-\kz-e F-¶v Xn-cp-¯n-sb-gpXn-b A-t±-lw B Xn-cp-¯v t]cn-sem-Xp-¡n-bnÃ. jm-th-kv A-[n-Im-c-¯n-en-cp¶ ]-Xn-\©v hÀ-j-§Ä¡p-Ån km-aqly, km-¼-¯n-I, hy-hkm-b cw-K-§-fn sh-\kze ssI-h-cn-¨ t\-«§Ä¡v hn-aÀ-i-IÀ t]mepw A-Sn-h-c-bn«p.

A-t±-lw H-cn-¡epw H-cp ]-cn-]qÀ-W amÀ-Iv-knÌm-bn ]-cn-hÀ¯-\w sN-¿-s¸-«nÃ. amÀ-Ivkn-k-¯n \n-¶v F¶pw {]-tNm-Zn-X\m-b jm-th-kv em-än-\-ta-cn-¡³ kz-X-{´y-t]m-cm-fn ssk-a¬ s_m-fn-h-dp-sS ]n³-Kman -bm-bm-Wv -kz-bw I-≠Xv. tkm-hnb-äv bq-Wnb-sâ X-IÀ-¨bpw ]p-¯³ km¼¯n-I \-b-§-fp-sS D-Z-bhpw I≠ sXm-®q-dp-I-fp-sS B-Zy-]-Ip-Xn-bn tem-I-cm-{ão-bw hen-b am-ä-§-Ä-¡mWv km£yw h-ln-¨Xv. ]pXn-b shÃp-hn-fn-I-fn ]-I-¨p\n-¶ ]-e cm-Py-§fpw tkm-jy-en-k-¯n-sâ ]m-X D-t]-£n¨p. C-¡m-e-b-f-hn-em-Wv jm-th-kv A-[n-Im-c¯n-se-¯m-\p-Å B-Zy ]-cn-{i-aw \-S-¯n-bXv. ]«m-f DtZym-K-Ø-\m-bn-cp-¶ A-t±lw amÀ-Iv-kn-Ìv c-N-\-I-fn \n-¶v {]-tNm-Z-\apÄ-s¡m-≠v kmam-\ Nn-´m-K-Xn-¡m-sc Iq-sS-¡q-«n \-S¯nb B A-«n-a-dn-{i-aw ]-cm-P-b-s¸-«p. jm-th-kv P-bn-en-e-S-bv-¡-s¸«p. tam-Nn-X-\m-bn ]p-d-s¯¯n-b A-t±-lw {]-Xn-I-cn¨-Xv C-\n ]pXn-b bpKw h-cm³ t]m-Ip-¶p-sh-¶mWv. 1998 Un-kw-_À 6\v sX-c-sª-Sp-¸n-eq-sS lyqtKm jm-th-kv sh-\-kz-e-bp-sS {]-kn-Uâm-bn Np-a-X-e-tbäp. 48.9% B-bn-cp-¶p A-¶v sh-\-kz-e-bn-se Zm-cn-{Zyw. a-\p-jym-hIm-i ew-L-\-§Ä¡pw Ip-{]-kn-²-am-bn-cp-¶p B \m-Sv. C-Xph-sc \n-e-\n¶-Xv {]-`p P-\m-[n-]-Xy-amWv F-¶mWv Cu-b-hØ-sb jm-th-kv hn-ti-jn-¸n¨Xv. kaq-e ]-cn-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä-¡p-X-Ip-¶ `-cW-L-S-\ \-S-¸n h-cp-¯p-I-bm-Wv A-t±-lw BZyw sN-bv-X-Xv. aq-¶p Xq-Wp-I-fn-em-bn hn-`-Pn-¡-s¸-«n-cp-¶ A-[n-Im-cw A-©n-S-t¯-¡v am-ä-s¸«p. F-Iv-kn-Iyq-«nhv, se-Pn-kv-tf-änhv, Pp-Uo-jy-dn F-¶n-h-bv-¡p ]pd-ta C-e-{Π{_m©v, kn-än-k¬-kv {_m-©v F-¶n-h-Iq-Sn \n-e-hn h¶p.

P-\-§-fn-te-¡v Iq-Sp-X A-[n-Im-c-§Ä e-`n-¡p-¶ h-Ip-¸p-IÄ tNÀ-¡-s¸-«p. 350Hm-fw ]pXn-b h-Ip-¸p-IÄ tNÀ-¯-Xn G-sdbpw a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-§-fp-ambpw km-aq-ly-hn-I-k-\-hp-ambpw _-Ô-s¸-«-h-bm-bn-cp¶p.

A-Xph-sc `-c-W-ap-¶-Wn-bn-se c-≠p ]mÀ-«n-IÄ-¡v \ÂIn-bn-cp-¶ kÀ-¡mÀ ^-≠v \nÀ-¯-em¡n. aq-¶pL-«w h-sc-bp-Å ]T\w, ku-P-\yhpw Kp-W-ta·-bp-Å-Xpamb B-tcm-Ky ]-cn-c-£, hr-¯n-bpÅ A ´-co-£w F¶n-h au-en-Im-h-Im-i-§-fm-¡n am-än. h-\n-Xm im-ào-I-c-W-¯n-\p-Å Np-h-Sp-h-bv-¸p-I-fm-bncp-¶p {i-t±-bam-b a-säm-cp \o-¡w. -hn-th-N-\-§-fnÃm-¯ A-h-k-c-§fpw A-h-Im-i-§fpw D-d-¸p-h-cp¯n. KÀ-`Ime ]-cn-Nc-Ww A-h-Im-i-am-¡n amän, Ip-Spw-_m-kq-{XWw t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n¨p, A-t_mÀ-j³ \n-cp-Õm-l-s¸-Sp¯n. sN-dp-In-S hy-h-km-b-§Ä¡pw P-\Io-b Iq-«m-bv-a-I-fp-sS kw-cw-`-§Ä-¡pw km-t¦Xn-I km-¼¯n-I k-lm-b-§Ä D-d-¸p-h-cp-¯p-¶-Xn-\v `-c-W-L-S-\-bn¯-s¶ hy-h-ØIÄ DÄ-t¨À¯p. sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡pw s]m-XpP-\-§Ä¡pw G-Xp-co-Xn-bn-ep-Å kw-L-S-\-Ifpw cq-]oI-cn-¡m³ A-hk-cw \ÂIn. cm-Py-¯n-sâ km-¼-¯nIm-`n-hr-²n-¡v {]-tbm-P-\-I-c-am-Ip-¶ FÃm P-\Io-b Iq-«m-bv-aIÄ¡pw kÀ-¡mÀ k-lm-bw \Â-Ip-sa¶pw `-c-WL-S-\ {]-Jym-]n-¨p. {]-kn-Uân-sâ Im-emh-[n B-dp hÀ-j-am-¡n hÀ-[n-¸n-¨ `-c-WL-S-\ {]-kn-Uân-s\

A-[n-Im-c-¯n \n¶v Xn-cn¨p hn-fn-¡m-\p-Å A-h-Imiw P-\-§Ä-¡v \ÂIn. P-\Io-b Aw-Ko-Im-cw t\Sn-b `-c-WLS\ 1999 Un-kw-_À 20\v \n-e-hn h-¶-tXm-sS sh-\kze s_m-fn-th-dn-b³ dn-¸-»nIv Hm-^v sh-\-kz-ebm-bn amdn.

F-®- I-b-äp-a-Xn-bm-Wv sh-\-kz-e-bp-sS k-¼-Zvhy-hØ-bp-sS \-s«Ãv. F-¶m jm-th-kv A-[n-Im-c-¯n-se¯p-t¼mÄ F-® I-b-äp-a-Xn-bp-sS \n-b-{´-W-ta-sdbpw A-ta-cn-¡³ tImÀ-¸-td-äp-I-fp-sS ssI-bn-em-bn-cp¶p. {Iq-tUm-bn I-b-äpa-Xn ]-c-amh-[n tZ-i-km-Xv-¡-cn¡m³ jm-th-kv \-S-]-Sn-IÄ ssI-s¡m-≠p. \n-_-Ô-\ IÄ-¡v Io-gv-s¸-«v sh-\-kz-e-bn Xp-SÀ-¶ tImÀ-¸-td-äpIÄ-¡v X-§-fp-sS I-b-äp-a-Xn-bn 50%t¯mfw kÀ¡mÀ ]-¦m-fn-¯w Iq-Sn A-\p-h-Zn-t¡-≠n h-¶p. s]m-Xp, kz-Im-cy ta-J-e-I-fp-sS kw-bp-à \n-b-{´-W-¯n-ep-Å F-®-hn]-Wn jm-th-kv ]-Sp-¯p-bÀ¯n. 2006 h-sc-bpÅ jm-th-kv `-c-W-Im-e-¯v 12% hÀ-[-\-bm-Wv sh-\-kze-bp-sS F-® I-b-äp-a-Xn-bn-ep-≠m-bXv. A-©p i-X-am-\w h-cp-am-\ hÀ-[-\-bpw C-¡m-e-b-f-hn-ep-≠m-bn.

Iyq-_-bp-am-bp-w ^n-U Im-kv-t{Sm-bp-am-bp-apÅ jmth-knsâ k-l-I-c-W-¯n-\v {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X km-ay-§Ä¡-¸p-dw hnI-k-t\m·p-J Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-ap-≠m-bn-cp¶p.

Iyq-_-bv-¡v {Iq-tUm-bn ssI-am-dp-¶-Xn-\v ]-I-c-am-bn sshZy, hn-Zym-`ym-k cw-K-§-fn-se hen-b k-lm-b-§Ä sh-\-kz-e-bv-¡v e-`n¨p. Np-cp§n-b Im-e-¯n hen-b hn-Zym-`ym-k, B-tcm-Ky ap-t¶-äw kr-ãn-¡p-¶-Xn-\v C-Xv jm-th-kn-s\ G-sd k-lm-bn-¨p.

98 A-[n-Im-c-ta-dnb-Xp ap-X jm-thkv \-S-¸m¡nb ]-cn-hÀ-¯-\-§-Ä s_m-fn-th-dn-b³ \-b-]-cn-]m-SnIÄ F-¶v hn-fn-¡-s¸«p. jm-th-kv kz-bw s_m-fn-thdn-b³ tkm-jy-en-Ìv F-¶m-Wv hn-ti-jn-¸n¨Xv. ¹m³ s_m-fn-hÀ 2000 F-¶ t]-cn \-S-¸m¡n-b ]-²-Xn-bneq-sS A-t±-lw e-£y-an«-Xv Zm-cn{Zy \nÀ-amÀ-P-\-am-bncp¶p. Hcp-tIm-Sn ap-¸-Xp-e£w tUm-f-À ]-²-Xn-¡m-bn \o-¡n-h-¨p. 70.000t¯m-fw ssk-\n-I-sc-bm-Wv ¹m³ s_m-fn-h-dn-\m-bn jm-th-kv \n-tbm-Kn-¨-Xv. DÄ-{Km-a-§fn-epÄ-¸-sS C-h-sc-¯n Np-cp§n-b sN-e-hn `-£-W hn-X-c-W-¯n-\p-Å kw-hn-[m\-§-sfm-cp-¡n. A-SnØm-\ ku-I-cy-§Ä sa-¨-s¸-Sp¯n. {KmaoW tdm-Up-IÄ \-hoI-cn-¡-s¸«p. B-bn-c-¡-W-¡n-\p kuP-\y B-ip-]-{XnIÄ cm-Py-sa-¼mSpw B-cw-`n-¨p.

ImÀjn-I ta-J-e-bp-sS hn-I-k-\-¯n\pw jm-th-kv {i-² \ÂIn. h³In-S `q-{]-`p-¡-fn \n-¶v `q-an ]n-Sn-s¨Sp-¯v s]m-Xp D-S-a-Ø-X-bn Ir-jn sN-¿p-¶-Xn-\v \-S-]Sn-I-sf-Sp-¯p. 2010 A-©v anÃy¬ G-¡À `q-an-bm-Wv ]n-Sn-s¨-Sp-¡-s¸-«Xv. S¬ I-W-¡n-\p `-£y-[m-\y-§Ä sI-«n-¡n-S¶ t]mÀt«m Im_ntem t]mÀ-«v tZ-i-km¡-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Å \-S-]-Sn-I-fpw B hÀ-j-ap-≠mbn.

Np-cp§n-b sN-e-hn A-h-iykm-[-\-§Ä km-[m-c-W¡m-cn-se-¯n-¡p-¶-Xn-\v kq-¸À-amÀ-¡-äp-I-fp-sS iyw-J-

e B-cw-`n-¨p. 50ap-X 60 i-X-am-\w h-sc em-`-am-Wv tImÀ-¸-td-äv kq-¸À-amÀ-¡-äpI-sf A-t]-£n-¨v C-Xn-eq-sS D-]-t`m-àm-hn-\v e-`n-¨-Xv. kz-Im-cy-aq-e-[-\-¯n\pw h-fÀ-¨-bp-sS ]m-X-bn I-S-a-IÄ \nÀ-h-ln-¡m-\p-s≠¶ t_m[yw jm-th-kn\p-≠m-bn-cp¶p. sh-\-kz-e-bn-te-¡v \n-t£-]-am-IÀ-jn¡p-¶-Xn-\v A-t±-lw A-ta-cn-¡-bpÄ-¸-sS-bp-Å cm-Py§-fn-se-¯n. \yq-tbmÀ-¡v kv-täm-¡v F-Iv-kv-tN-©v k-µ-À-in¨p. A-[n-Im-c-¯n-se¯n-b B-Zy-hÀ-j-¯n 52 Znh-kw A-t±-lw \o-¡n-h¨-Xv a-äp-cm-{ã-fn-te-¡p-Å k-µÀ-i-\-§Ä-¡m-bn-cp-¶p. ]-¦m-fn-¯ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-am-bn-cp-¶p jm-th-knsâ am-XrI. H-cp e-£-¯n-e-[n-Iw k-lI-c-W kw-L-§-fmWv A-t±-l-¯n-sâ `-c-W-Ime¯v cq-]o-I-cn-¡-s¸-«-Xv. 30,000t¯m-fw P-\Io-b k-`-IÄ cq]w-sIm≠p. kz-bw \n-e-\nÂ-¸p-w s]m-Xp-A-[zm-\hpw h-fÀ-¨bpw e-£y-anSp¶ 184 I-½yq-Wp-IÄ¡pw jm-th-kv A-\pa-Xn \ÂIn. \-b-X-{´-Nm-Xp-cnbpw t\-Xr-]m-S-hhpw A-t±l-s¯ A-Xn-th-Kw tem-I-t\-Xm-¡-fp-sS ]-«n-Ibn-se-¯n¨p. jmth-kv \ÂIn-b B-th-i-am-Wv em-än-\-ta-cn-¡³ cm-{ã-§fn-se Xp-SÀ-¨bm-b CS-Xp hn-P-b-§Ä-¡v h-gn sX-fn-¨Xv. C-¡-tUmÀ \n-¡m-c-sKz, s_m-fo-hn-b, {_-ko F-¶o cm-{ã-§Ä H-¶n-\p ]pd-sI H-¶m-bn Np-h-¸-Wn-ªp.

Iyq-_-bv¡pw sh-\-kz-e-bv¡p-sam¸w Cu cm-{ã-§Ä Iq-Sn tNÀ-¶ em-än-\-ta-cn-¡³ ]n-¦v ssSUn-sâ ap-¶-Wnt¸m-cm-fn jm-th-km-bn-cp¶p. km-{am-Py-Xz-¯n-s\-Xncm-b hnim-e Iq-«m-bv-a-bv-¡pw jm-th-kv ap³-ssI-sb-Sp-¯p.

C-dm-\n A-l½-Zn s\-Pm-Zn\pw kn-dn-b-bn _m-jÀ A A-k-Zn-\pw jm-th-kv D-ä-tXm-g-\m-bn.

2010 HmÀ-K-ss\-tkj³ Hm-^v A-ta-cn-¡³ tÌ-ävkv ]p-d-¯n-d¡n-b dn-t¸mÀ-«v {]-Im-cw km-£c-X, B-tcmKyw, Zm-cn-{Zyw km-aq-ly hn-I-k-\w F-¶o ta-J-e-I-fn hen-b h-fÀ-¨-bm-Wv jm-th-kv `-c-W-Im-e¯v ssI-hcn¨Xv. sF-Iy-cm-{ãk-`m kq-Nn-I-IÄ {]-Im-cw sh-\-kze-bn-se Pohn-X \n-e-hm-cw hÀ-[n-¨-Xm-bn I-s≠-¯n.

2006 Zm-cn-{Zyw 28% B-¡n Ip-d-bv-¡m³ jm-th-kn-\m bn. 2008 lyp-a³ ssd-äv-kv hm-¨v ]p-d-¯n-d¡n-b dnt¸mÀ-«n a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-¯n sh-\kz-e t\Sn-b apt¶-äw {]iw-k t\Sn. A-k-aXzw 0.5 \n-¶v 0.39 B-bn Ip-d-sª¶pw A-´m-cm-{ã G-P³-kn-IÄ I-s≠¯n. \yq-tbmÀ-¡v ssSw-kv DÄ-¸-sS-bp-Å am-[y-a-§Ä sh-\kz-e-bv-¡p≠m-b km-¼-¯n-I A-`n-hr²n-sb-¡p-dn-¨v ] T-\-§Ä \-S-¯n. cm-{ão-b-am-b A-d-Ìp-I-fp-sS t]-cnepw am[y-a kzmX{´y-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-saÃmw jm-th-kv hnÀ-i-\§-sf t\-cns«-¦n-epw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-¯nepw km-¼¯n-I cw-K¯pw km-aq-ly-tk-h-\-¯nepw jm-th-kv \-S-¸m¡n-b am-Xr-IIÄ sh-\-kz-e- F¶ cm-{ã-s¯ tem-I-¯n-\p ap-¶n A-S-bm-f-s¸-Sp¯n. A-Xn-\m-em-Wv _-Z tem-I-{I-aw A-t\z-jn-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡v a-c-W-ti-jhpw jm-th-kv am-Xr-Ibm-Ip-¶Xv.

35

hcp-am\w (tImSn cq]) AämZmbw (tImSn cq]) IcpXÂ [\w (tImSn cq]) hn]Wn aqe[\w (tImSn cq]) hntZi [\ Øm]\ ]¦mfn¯w. em`hnlnX \nc¡v (%)

40441.16 3352.82 14363.76 56,991.60 35.86 1.40%

amcpXn kpkpIn amcpXn kpkpIn P¸m\nse kpkpIn tamt«mÀ tImÀ¸-tdjsâ D]I¼\nbmWv. bm{Xm hml\§fpsS C´ybnse {]apJ \nÀamXm¡fmb I¼\n hÀjw 15 e£w ImdpIfmWv \nÀan¡p¶Xv. I¼\nbpsS c≠mw IzmÀ«À AämZm-bw 195 iXam\w DbÀ¶v 671 tImSn cq] Bbt¸mÄ hn¸\ 26.5 iXam\w hfÀ¶v 10211 tImSnbmbn. t^mdn³ Id³knbn sNdnsbm-cp t\«ap≠m¡n. hml\§fpsS hnhn[ `mK§Ä kwtbmPn¸n¡p¶ {]-hÀ¯\w hÀ-j-¯n 1.5 an-ey¬ hml\§Ä F¶ tXm-Xn \S¡p¶p. kmt¦XnIambn Hmlcnhne 1648, 1692.1 F¶o hne hsc t]mIm³ km[yXbp≠v. taJe

HmlcnIÄ C¯hW \nt£]¯n\mbpÅ HmlcnIÄ ip]mÀi sN¿p¶Xv AIypsa³ Iym]nä amÀ¡äv C´y enanäUv UbdIvSdmb Achnµm£³ \mbÀ

hn]Wn hne apJ hne {]tXymlcn hcpam\w ]n C A\p]mXw hyhkmb taJ-e ]n C _p¡v aqeyw 52 BgvNs¯ DbÀ¶ hne 52 BgvNs¯ Xmgv¶ hne Hmlcn aqe[\w (tImSn cq]) hcp-am\w (tImSn cq]) AämZmbw (tImSn cq]) IcpX [\w (tImSn cq]) hn]Wn aqe[\w (tImSn cq]) hntZi [\ Øm]\ ]¦mfn¯w. em`hnlnX \nc¡v (%)

Hmt«msam_o 1612.60 5.00 100.73 15.97 18.38 615.03 1777.00 1215.00 151.00 43587.90 2392.10 18427.90 48,589.58 19.66 0.50%

alo{µ B³Uv alo{µ (M&M)

]nF^vkn

cmPys¯ {]apJ Hmt«msam_o \nÀamXm¡fmb alo{µ B³Uv alo{µ C-¶v 1,00,000 tImSnbne[nIw cq] tStWmhdpÅ I¼\nbmWv. \qtdmfw cmPy§fnembn hym]n¨ncn¡p¶ I¼\n¡v C¶v 15,5000 Poh\¡m-cp≠v. alo{µ & alo{µ Pq-sseþ -sk-]väw_À ss{Xamk¯n AämZmbw 9.7 iXam\w hfÀ¨ t\Sn 989.5 tImSn cq]bmbn. {KmaoW taJe bn \n¶pÅ Unam³Uv IqSnbXpw {SmÎÀ hn¸\ iàambXpamWv em`w hÀ[n¡m³ Im-cWw. bm{Xm hml\§fpsS hn¸\bn Ct¸mgpw amµyw \ne \n¡p-¶p≠v. a-lo{µbpsS {SmÎÀ hn¸\ ap³ hÀjs¯ CtX Imebf-hn-s\ A-t]-£n¨v 22.3 iXam\w hfÀ¨ t\Sn. 57549 {SmÎ-dpIfmWv hn¸\ \S¯n-bXv. kmt¦XnIambn 970 cq] hsc Hmlcnhne F¯m³ km[yXbp≠v.

C´y³ DuÀP ta-Jebv¡mbn am{Xw 1986 XpS§nb Øm]\amWv ]nF^vkn. DuÀP taJebv¡v km¼¯nI klmbw \ÂIpIbpw Cu taJebnte¡v IqSpX \nt£]w hgnXncn¨p hnSpI-bpamWp {][m\ {]hÀ¯-\§Ä. h³InS ] hÀ t{]mPÎpIfpsS \nÀamW¯n\pÅ Hcp t\m-U GP³knbmbpw {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p≠v. kmt¦XnIambn {]Xo£n¡p¶ SmÀPäv 162

taJe hn]Wn hne apJ hne {]tXymlcn hcpam\w ]n C A\p]mXw hyhkmb taJ-e ]n C _p¡v aqeyw 52 BgvNs¯ DbÀ¶ hne 52 BgvNs¯ Xmgv¶ hne Hmlcn aqe[\w (tImSn cq])

36

Hmt«msam_o 925.15 5.00 59.31 15.60 18.38 238.22 1026.00 740.15 295.16

taJe hn]Wn hne apJ hne {]tXymlcn hcpam\w ]n C A\p]mXw hyhkmb taJ-e ]n C _p¡v aqeyw 52 BgvNs¯ DbÀ¶ hne 52 BgvNs¯ Xmgv¶ hne Hmlcn aqe[\w (tImSn cq]) hcp-am\w (tImSn cq]) AämZmbw (tImSn cq]) IcpX [\w (tImSn cq]) hn]Wn aqe[\w (tImSn cq]) hntZi [\ Øm]\ ]¦mfn¯w.

^n\m³kv 149.25 10.00 36.99 4.03 5.81 182.22 227.35 97.30 1320.02 17260.27 4419.60 22734.10 19,661.95 11.48

em`hnlnX \nc¡v (%)

4.70%

F³-Sn]nkn C´y³ DuÀP taJebnse Gähpw henb sshZypXn D¸mZIcmWv F³-Sn]nkn. Gjy³ D]-`p-JÞ¯n hep¸-¯n aq¶mw Øm-\hpw I¼-\n-¡p≠v. C´ybnse sam¯w D¸mZ\¯nsâ 28 iXam\w kw`mh\ sN¿p¶ F³-Sn-]nknbpsS Øm]nX tijn 40674 saKm hm«v BWv. hfsc BIÀjIamb 10.5 F¶ ]n C A\p]mX¯nemWv Ct¸mÄ I¼\n HmlcnIÄ t{SUnwKv \S¯p-¶Xv. hmÀjnI hnäphchv 65,200 tImSnbmWv. C-Xnt\¡mÄ DbÀ¶ XpIbmb 72,140 tImSn cq]bmWv I¼\nbpsS IcpX [\w. ÕmÀJÞv I¡cn J\nbn \n¶pw A-Sp¯pXs¶ J\\w Bcw`n¡p¶tXmsS sNethdnb Cd¡paXnsb Ct¸m-gpÅ{Xbpw B{ibnt¡≠n h-cnÃ. kmt¦XnIambn t\m¡nbm 158.50 \nehsc Hmlcnhne Dbcm³ km[yXbp≠v. taJe

DuÀ-P D¸mZ\w

hn]Wn hne apJ hne {]tXymlcn hcpam\w ]n C A\p]mXw hyhkmb taJ-e ]n C _p¡v aqeyw 52 BgvNs¯ DbÀ¶ hne 52 BgvNs¯ Xmgv¶ hne Hmlcn aqe[\w (tImSn cq]) hcp-am\w (tImSn cq]) AämZmbw (tImSn cq]) IcpX [\w (tImSn cq]) hn]Wn aqe[\w (tImSn cq]) hntZi [\ Øm]\ ]¦mfn¯w. em`hnlnX \nc¡v (%)

152.80 10 14.55 10.50 17.54 97.49 122.60 169.40 8245.45 65673.93 12619.39 72142.05 125949.47 10.54 3.76%

_m¦v Hm^v C´y _m¦v Hm^v C´ybpsS c≠mw ss{Xamk (Pq-sseþ -sk]väw_À) AämZmb¯n Cc«nbne[nIw h-fÀ¨. ap¶v hÀjs¯ CtX Imeb-f-hnteXv 302 tImSnbmbncp¶Xv 622 tImSn cq]bmbn DbÀ¶p. "aäv hcp-am\¯n' D≠mb hÀ[\, {]tXyI sNehpIÄ¡v IcpXembn ]Ww amänhbv¡mXncp¶Xv, \nIpXn sNehpIÄ IpdªXv F¶o LSI§fmWv em`w C{Xbpw IqSm³ ImcWw. BkvXn KpWta·bpw sa¨s¸«p. sam¯w hmbv] bnse In«mIS \nc¡v hmÀjnIambn 0.49 iXam\ t¯mfw Ipdªv 2.93 iXam\ambn. sk]väw_À s{sXamk¯n Xs¶ ]eni hcpam\w 15 iXam\w IqSn 2,527 tImSn cq]bmbn. kmt¦XnIambn 238, 275 F-¶nhbmWv F¯mhp¶ \nc¡pIÄ. ta-J-e

_m¦nwKv

hn]Wn hne apJ hne {]tXymlcn hcpam\w ]n C A\p]mXw hyhkmb taJ-e ]n C _p¡v aqeyw 52 BgvNs¯ DbÀ¶ hne 52 BgvNs¯ Xmgv¶ hne Hmlcn aqe[\w (tImSn cq]) hcp-am\w (tImSn cq]) AämZmbw (tImSn cq]) IcpX [\w (tImSn cq]) hn]Wn aqe[\w (tImSn cq]) hntZi [\ Øm]\ ]¦mfn¯w. alo{µ B³Uv alo{µ (M&M)

223.15 10 52.73 4.23 5.34 400.88 126.50 393.00 596.64 31908.93 2749.35 23321.51 31908.93 13.17

_m¦nwKv

_m¦nwKv cwK¯v

km¼¯nI LSI§Ä tamiambncn¡pt¼mÄ B cmPys¯ _m¦pIfpsS {]IS-\-s¯bpw CXv {]XnIqeambn _m[n¡psa¶ Imcy¯n kwib-anà _m¦pIfpsS {][m\ hcpam\amb Aä ]eni hcpam\¯n Imcyamb Ipdhv D≠mhnsö IW¡pIq«emWv hmbv]m \nc¡v X¡mew Iq«mXncn¡m³ ImcWw. `mhnbn ]eni amÀPn\n Ipdhv hcnItbm sNehv IqSpItbm sNbvXm _m¦pIÄ hmbv]m \nc¡pIfpw Iq«ntb¡pw. ]Ws¸cp¸w IpdªnsÃ-¦n dnkÀhv _m¦v dnt¸m \nc¡pIÄ C\n-bpw Iq«m\pw km[yXbp≠v. C§s\ kw`hn¨m hmbv] IÄ¡pw ]eni Iqt«≠n h-cpw. BfpIÄ¡v Xm§mhp¶ \nebnepÅ ]enisb _m¦p IÄ CuSm¡mhq F-¶v K-h¬-saâ v t\ct¯ \nÀtZiw \ÂInbn«ps≠¦nepw kmlNcy§Ä amdnbm I¬kypaÀ hmbv]bpsS Imcy¯n t]mepw CXv \S¡m³ _p²nap«m-Ipw.

XpScp¶p

hntZi _m¦pIÄ¡pÅ am-\ZÞ§fn C-fhv

H ]n hnt\m-ZvIp-amÀ

B

`y´c km¼¯nI h-fÀ¨m \nc-¡n Ct¸mgpw Hcp Xncn¨p hc-hv {]ISaÃ. ]Ws¸cp¸hpw hymhkmbnI amµyhpw `ojWnbmbn Xs¶ \ne\n¡p¶p.

C´y³ hyhkmb§Ä¡v Ipdª ]-enibv¡v hmbv]IÄ \ÂIm³ _m¦pIÄ¡v Ignbp¶nsöv am{Xaà ChbpsS In«mISw Imcyambn hÀ[n¡pIbp-amWv. Hmlcn hn]Wnbnepw {]XnkÔn-IÄ ZriyamWv, _m¦nwKv Hmlcn hneIÄ Xmtg¡v t]mIp¶p. Cu L«¯n dnkÀhv _m¦v KhÀWÀ cLpdmw cmP³ HtÎm_À 28\v AhXcn¸n¨ hm-bv]m \bw Imcyamb ]ptcmKXn D≠m-¡nÃ. dnkÀhv _m¦v KhÀWdmb cLpdmw cmP³ ]pd¯p hn« Ahkm\ hm-bv]m \b¯nepw dnt¸m \nc¡pIÄ 25 t_kn-kv t]m bnâpIÄ Iq-«p-IbmWp≠m-bXv. A-XmbXv 7.5 iXam\ambncp¶Xv 7.75 iXam\am¡n. sIm-tagvk _m¦pIÄ dnkÀhv _m¦n kq£nt¡≠ ]W¯nsâ A\p]m Xamb Iymjv dnkÀhv td-tjymbn  Hcp amähpw hcp¯nbn-«nÃ. sam¯ hnekqNn-I Cu hÀ-jhpw D-bÀ¶pXs¶ \nÂIpsa-¶ kq-N\-IÄ IW¡nse-Sp¯m dnkÀhv _m¦nsâ `mK¯p\n¶v ^e{] Zamb t]mfnkn Xocpam\§Ä D≠mtI≠Xnsâ Bhiyw Iq-SpX hyàamIp¶p.

Dbcp¶ ]Ws¸cp¸w Dbcp¶ ]-Ws¸cp¸w ho≠pw {]iv\§Ä krãn¡pIbmWv. Cusbmcp ImcWw sIm≠v ] eni \nc¡pIÄ Ipdbv¡m³ Ignbp¶nà F¶v am{Xaà C-Xp Iqt«≠ ØnXnbnte¡v Imcy§Ä F-¯nbncn¡p¶p. ap³ dnkÀhv _m ¦v KhÀWdmb Un kpºdmhphpw kam\amb ImcW§Ä sIm≠v XpSÀ¨bmbn ]eni \nc¡pIÄ hÀ[n-¸n¨ncp¶p. \S¸v km¼¯nI hÀjs¯ h-fÀ¨m \nc¡v {] Xo£bpw cLpdmw cm-P³ A©v iXam-\-t¯mfam¡n Ipd¨ncn¡pIbmWv. Cu hÀjhpw ]Ws¸cp¸hpw hyhkmb hfÀ¨m apcSn¸psams¡ XpScpsa¶mWv CXp \ÂIp¶ kqN\. CXns\m ¸w BtKmf {]XnkÔnIÄ IqSn iàambm k¼ZvcwKw IqSpX {]iv\§fnte¡v t]mIp¶Xn\pÅ B¡w IqSpItbbp-Åq.

]eni hÀ[\ dnt¸m \nc¡pIÄ Iq«nbXnsâ {]Xn^e\sat¶mWw Nne _m¦pIÄ Unt¸mknäv \nc¡pI fn sNdnsbmcp hÀ[\ (0.25) h-cp¯nsb¦nepw hm-bv]m \nc¡n DS³ Hcp hÀ[\ {]-Xo£nt¡≠Xnà F¶mWv _m¦nwKv hr¯§Ä A`n{]mb s¸Sp¶Xv. DbÀ¶ sNehpIfpÅ Unt¸mknäpIÄ Ipd¨Xv hgn

hntZi _m¦pIfpsS C´y³ D]I¼-\nIÄ¡v ChnSps¯ kzImcy _m¦pIÄ GsäSp¡m\pw cmPy¯v FhnsS thWsa¦nepw imJIÄ Bcw`n¡p¶ Xn\pw dnkÀhv _m¦v A\paXn \ÂIn. AXpt]mse C-h-bpsS D-]I¼\n IÄ¡v ChnSps¯ kvtäm¡v F-Iv-kv-tN©pIfn enÌv sN¿pIbpw sN-¿mw. t\ct¯ D≠mbncp¶Xpt]mse 74 iXam\¯ne[nIw Hmlcn]¦mfn¯w A\phZn-¡nÃ. C-´y-bn XpS§nbn«pÅ hntZ-i D]I¼\nIÄ¡v Ct¸mÄ C´y³ _m¦pIÄ¡pÅ Nne A[nImc§fmWv \ ÂInbncn¡p-¶Xv. C´ybn \m¸ Xne[nIw hntZi _m¦pIfmWv Ct¸mÄ {] hÀ¯n¡p-¶Xv. cm-Py-s¯ sam¯w hntZi _m¦v BkvXnIfn 60 iXam\hpw Gähpw henb aq¶p _m¦pIÄ¡mWv. knän _m¦v, Ìm³tUÀUv NmÀt«ÀUvv, F¨vF-kv_nkn F¶nhbm-Wnh.

]pXnb _m¦nwKv sse-k³-kv IÀi\amb coXnbnemWv _m¦nwKv ssek³kn\pÅ At]£IÄ ]cnK Wn¡p-¶Xv. Cu amkw Ahkm\t¯msS

At]£IfpsS kv{Io\nwKv \S]SnIÄ ]qÀ¯nbm-Ipw. CXn\p tijw \nÀtZi§Ä dnkÀhv _m¦v FIv-kvt]À«v I½nän¡v ap¼msI kaÀ¸n-¡pw. {KmaoW taJeI fn anI¨ km¶n[yap-Å F³_nF-^vknIÄ¡v ssek³kv In«m³ IqSpX km[yXbps≠¶v s]mXpsh ]dbs¸Sp¶p.

F´mbmepw P\phcn¡p ap¼v C-Xp kw_ Ôn¨ Xocpam\ap≠m-Ip-sa-¶m-Wv I-cp-X-s¸Sp-¶Xv. sam¯w 26Hmfw Øm]\§fmWv ]p Xnb _m¦v XpS§m³ At]-£ \ÂInbn«pÅXv. F B³-Uv Sn ^n\m³kv, BZnXy _nÀf \p-shm, dneb³-kv Iym]näÂ, _PmPv ^n³skÀ-hv, Smäm k¬kv, C´ym _pÄkv F-¶n-h Chbn DÄs¸-Sp¶p. tIc-f¯n \n¶v ap¯qäv ^n\m³kv, bpFC FIvkvtN©v F¶o I¼\nIfm-Wv A-t]-£ \Â-In-bn-cn-¡p¶Xvv.

FwF-kv-FwC henb tImÀ¸tdäv Øm]-\§-sf¡mÄ \ãkm[yX Ipdhv sNdnb Øm-]-\-§Ä¡msW¶ Xncn¨-dn-hn C¶v FÃm _m ¦pIfpw FwF-kvFwCIÄ-¡v (kq-£v-a, sN-dp-In-S, C-S¯-cw kw-cw-`-§Ä) IqSpX {]m[m\yw \ÂIp¶p≠v. C¯cw hmbv] Ifn h³ hfÀ¨bmWv _m¦pIÄ {] Xojn¡p¶Xv. dnkÀhv _m¦v ASnØm\ \nc¡pIfn amäw hcp¯pt¼mÄ Aä ] eni amÀPn³ \ne-\nÀ¯pI F¶-XmWv _m¦pIsf kw_Ôn¨v D≠mImhp¶ henb {]iv\w. ImcWw _m¦pIÄ X½nepÅ aÕcw IqSnb ØnXn¡v XmcXtay\ BIÀjIamb Unt¸mknäv, hmbv]m \nc¡pIÄ \nÝbn¡p¶ Imcy¯n kmaÀ°yw ImWnt¨ ]äp. BkvXn KpWta·bpw (Askäv Izm-fnän) sa¨s¸tS≠ ImcyamWv. hmbv]bpw In-«m¡Shp-sams¡ ]cn-tim[n¨m C¡mcy¯n s]mXp-taJ-em _m¦pIfpsS ImcyamWv Gähpw ]cnXm]-Icw. kzImcy _m¦pIfn C{Xbpw {]iv-\§Ä Csöp Icp-Xmw. ASp¯ s{sXam-k Im-ebfhn s]mXptaJem _m¦pIfpsS {]IS\hpw an-I¨Xmbncn¡nÃ. kzImcy _m¦pIsfbpw CXv Hcp ] cn[n hsc _m[n¡mw.

dnkÀhv _m¦v KhÀWdmb cLpdmw cmP³ ]pd¯p hn« Ahkm\ hm-bv]m \b¯nepw dnt¸m \nc¡pIÄ 25 t_kn-kv t]mbnâpIÄ Iq-«p-IbmWp≠mbXv. A-XmbXv 7.5 iXam\ ambncp¶Xv 7.75 iXam\ am¡n. sIm-tagvk _m¦pIÄ dnkÀhv _m¦n kq£nt¡≠ ]W¯nsâ A\p]mXamb Iymjv dnkÀhv td-tjymbn Hcp amähpw hcp¯nbn-«nÃ.

37

C³jp-d³kv

IpSpw-_ kw-c-£-Ww D-d-¸n-¡m³

\-ãkm-[y-X-IÄ Iq-Sn-b-tXm-sS `-h-\-hmbv-]m C³-jp-d³-kn-\v {]m-[m-\y-tadp¶p

C³-jp-d³-kv

sNdnb {]oanbw AS¨m aXn.

A-t]-£ \ÂIÂ

H ]n hnt\m-ZvIp-amÀ

kz

´ambn hoSv F¶-Xv F-Ãm-h-cp-tSbpw Hcp kz-]v\amWv. Bäpt\mäp≠m¡nb k¼mZysaÃmw kz-cp-¡q«n hoSv ]WnX Imesams¡ Ignªp. C¶v FÃmhÀ¡pw `h\hmbv] e`n¡p¶XpsIm≠v hoSp ]Wn s]s«¶v \S¡psa¦n-epw, CXnsâ t]cn h³ _m[y-X G-sä-Sp-t¡-≠n h-cp¶p≠v. apS¡w IqSmsX hmbv] Xncn¨S¡pI F¶XmWv ASp¯ shÃphnfn. Dbcp¶ PohnX sNehpIÄ \½psS IW¡pIq«epIÄ ]-et¸mgpw sXän¡m-dp≠v. C\n hmbv] FSp¡p¶ Bfn\v acWtam aäv AXymlnXtam kw`hn¨m IpSpw-_-¯nsâ AhØ Gsd ]cnXm] Icam-Ipw. C¯cw kmlNcy¯nemWv `h\hmbv]m C³jpd³kv c£bvs¡¯p-¶Xv.

F´mWv `h\ hmbv]m C³jpd³kv `h\ hmbv]m IpSn-ÈnIbv¡v C³jpd³-kv kw-c£Ww e-`n-¡p-sa-¶-XmWv `mh\ hmbv]m C³jpd³kv FSp¡p¶XpsIm≠pÅ t\«w. `h\hmbv-]m C³-kvämÄsaâpIÄ AS¨psIm≠ncn-s¡ HcmÄ a-c-Ws¸«m _m¡n ASbvt¡≠ XpI C³jpd³kv I¼\n t\cn«v AS¨psIm-Åpw. ]-tcXsâ IpSpw_¯n\v CXv kw_ Ôn¨ bmsXmcp _m[yXbpap≠mhnà F¶XmWv CXnsâ Gähpw henb {]tbm-P\w. km[mcW tSw

C³jpd³kv t]mse {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ Cu ]²Xnbn \n¶v Imemh[n¡v tijw bmsXmcp XpIbpw e`n¡nÃ. AXpsIm≠v DbÀ¶ C³jpd³kv IhtdPn\p

tlmw tem¬ C³-jp-d³-kn-\v th-≠n-bpÅ At]£ hmbv-] \ÂIp¶ Øm]\w hgntbm t\cn«v C³jpd³kv I¼\n hgntbm \Â-Imw. km[mcW 60þ-65 hsc {]mbapÅhÀ¡mWv C³jpd³kv \Â-IpI. hm-bv]m Imemh[n Xs¶bmWv C³jpd³-knsâbpw Imebfhv. {]oanbw XpI \nÝNbn¡s¸Sp¶Xv {]mbw, BtcmKy ØnXn, hm-bv]m XpI, Imemh[n F¶n-h IW¡nseSp¯mWv. H¶n¨v Hä¯pIbmtbm `h\hmbv]m XhWIÄs¡m¸w C³ÌmÄsaâ v Btbm C-XSbv-¡mw. I¼\nbpsS \nba {]Im-cw Nn-e-t¸mÄ sshZy ]cntim[\ \ St¯≠n h-cmw. Nne C³jpd³kv I¼\n IÄ \nÀZnã {]mbapÅhÀ¡v CXv \nÀ_ Ôam¡nbn«p≠v. tPmbnâ v At]£bmsW¦n Cc«nbmWv {]oanbw XpI. km[mcW C³jpd³kv I¼\nIÄ `h\hmbv-] \ÂIp¶ Øm]\§fpambn an-¡t¸m-gpw [mcWIÄ D≠m¡nbn«p≠m-Ipw. D]t`màmhns\ kw_Ôn¨v CXpXs¶ F-Sp¡Wsa-¶nÃ. ]e I¼\nIfpsS t]m fnknIÄ XmcXayw sNbvXv A\ptbmPyambXv sXcsªSp-¡mw. `h\hm-bv]bvs¡m¸w C³jpd³kv FSp¡W-sa¶v \nÀ_Ô-anÃ, F¶m IpSpw-_¯nsâ AanX _m[yX Hgnhm¡m³ C³jpd³kv D≠mbncn¡p¶Xv \à Imcyw Xs¶bmWv.

IrXyamb tkh\§fneqsS ØncXbmÀ¶ hfÀ¨ aq hmbnc¯ne [nIw t]mfnkn

IÄ hn¸\ \S¯p-I, 11 hÀjw XpSÀ¨bmbn FÂsF-kn ]n emkÀ GPâpamcpsS s]tcc D¶X t\«amFÂsFkn b FwUnBÀSn GPâ v tIm¬^-d³kv Atacn¡bn ] s¦Sp¡m³ AÀlX t\SpI-þNpcp¡w Nne G-Pâp-amÀ¡p am{Xw AhIm-i-s¸Smhp¶ Cu t\«§Ä c≠pw kz-´-am-¡n-b B-fmWvv Xncph\´]pcw IgIq«w kztZin ]n emkÀ s]-tcc. 1995em-Wv emkÀ F sFkn Xncph\´]pcw knän {_m©n  GPâmbn {]hÀ¯\amcw`n¡p¶-Xv. kplr¯mb GPân\p th≠nbm Wp emkÀ BZyw C³jpd³kv cw-K t¯¡nd§p-¶Xv. Ipd¨p t]mfnknIÄ Iym³hmkv sN-bvXv sN¡pw IfIväv sNbvXp. F¶m kplr¯nsâ AekX sIm≠v CXv t]mfnknbm¡m³ G-sd sshIn. \nÀ`mKyhim 5 e£w cq] bpsS t]mfnkn¡pÅ sN¡pw At]£ bpw X¶bmÄ CXn\nsS a-c-W-s¸«p. Abm-fp-sS Ip-Spw-_-¯n\v C³jpd³kv {] tbmP-\w e-`n¡mXncp¶Xv emkdn-s\ Gsd thZ\n¸n¨p.

C¯cw _n-kn\kn IrXyamb kab{Iaw ]ment¡≠Xnsâ Bhiyw A-t±-lw Xn-cn-¨-dnªp. ] tcm£ambns«¦nepw C³jpd³kv F¶-Xv hen-b tk-h-\-am-sW-¶p IqSn a\-kn-em-¡n-b emkÀ Cu cw-K-t¯-

38

¡n-d-§p-I-bm-bn-cp¶p. B-dp t]-À C¶v em-k-dnsâ Poh-\-¡m-cm-bp≠v. anI¨ hn¸\m\´c tkh\amWv _n-kn\kv IqSpXembpw hÀ[n¸n-¡p-¶Xn-sâ c-l-ky-sa-¶v A-t±-lw ]-d-bp¶p.

Zp_mbv, A_pZm_n, knwK¸qÀ F¶nhnS§Ä kµÀ-in¨v AhnsSbpÅ {]hmkn C´ym¡mcn \n¶v [mcmfw _n-kn\kv t\Sm³ em-k-dn\v Ignªp. {]-hmknIfpw _nkn\-ÊpImcpamWv At±l¯nsâ {][m\ D]t`màm¡Ä. emkdnsâ t]mfnkn DSaIÄ FÃmhcpw kwXr]vXcm-Wv. AhÀ¡dnbmhp-¶ BÀ-s¡-¦nepw FÂsFknbpsS t]mfnkntbm aäp tkh\§tfm Bhiyambn hcp¶ Ahkc¯n X-s¶ k-ao-]n-¡m-dp-s≠¶v em-kÀ A-`n-am-\-t¯m-sS ]-d-bp¶p. t]mfnkn kw_Ôamb F´pImcyhpw Hcp Znh-k-¯n Xs¶ sNbvXpsImSp¡m³ {i-²n-¡m-dp-s≠-¶pw em-kÀ ]-d-bp¶p.

A\ptbmPy ]²Xn \nÀtZin¡p¶ Imcy¯nepw AXv hyàambn hniZo Icn¨p sImSp¡p¶Xnepw A\nXc km[mcWamb Ign-hv emkÀ {]ISn ¸n¡mdp≠v. hn]peamb kp-lrZv_Ô §Ä ]et¸mgpw At±l¯nsâ _n kn\Ên\v klmbIambn«p≠v. F sFkn knän {_m-©v 3se sUhe]v-sa â v Hm^okÀ Fw F³ cmPohnsâ Soanse AwKamWv emkÀ. P-¸m³, tlm-MvtImMv XpS§n 15Hmfw cmPy§Ä kµÀin-¨-Xn-eqsS e-`n-¨ A-\p-`-h§Ä Gsd {]tbm-P\ambn«p-≠v. emkdnsâ FÃm {]hÀ¯\§Ä¡pw ]n´p-W \Â-In `mcy ^ntem emkÀ IqsS-bp≠v. km\n, AJne F-¶n-h-cmWv a¡Ä.

Adn-hn-eqsS kwc-£n¡mw;

kpc-£n-X-am¡mw dnkv¡p-IsfIpdn¨pw AXp-aq-e-ap-≠m-tb-¡m-hp¶ km¼-¯n-I-\-ã-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw icn-bmb Adnhv CÃm-¯-Xn\m-emWv ]e-t¸mgpw AXns\ {]Xn-tcm-[n-¡m³ km[n-¡msX hcp-¶-Xv

amcI AkpJ-§tfm, {]

IrXn Zpc-´-§tfm Xs¶tbm Xsâ IpSpw-_-s¯tbm _m[n¡nà F¶v hniz-\m-Y³ hniz-kn¨v PohnHSm«v ¡p¶h-cmWv \½fn Gsd -t]-cpw.

F¶m Hcp Imcyw HmÀ¡pI, apI-fn ]d-ª-Xn\v ]pdta Ht«sd km¼-¯nI shÃp-hn-fn-IÄ ]pXnb Ime-¯n-ep≠.v CXnsâ hym]vXn Zn\w-{]Xn IqSn-h-cnIbpwsN¿p-¶p. dnkv¡p-IsfIpdn¨pw AXp-aq-e-ap≠m-tb-¡m-hp¶ km¼-¯n-I-\-ã-§sf-¡p-dn¨pw icn-bmb Adnhv CÃm-¯Xn\m-emWv ]e-t¸mgpw AXns\ {] Xn-tcm-[n-¡m³ km[n-¡msX hcp-¶-Xv. C¶s¯ kml-N-cy-¯n kwc-£W-amÀK-§Ä AYhm C³jp-d³kv t]m fn-kn-IÄ `qcn-`mKw t]cpw icn-bmbn D]tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯p¶nÃ. hn]-W-\-ta-J-e-bnepÅhsc ]qÀW hnizm-k-¯n-se-Sp¯v AhÀ \nÀtZ-in-¡p¶ t]mfn-kn-I-fmWv IqSp-XÂt]cpw FSp-¡p-¶-Xv. CXv ] e-t¸mgpw \ap¡v A\p-tbm-Py-aI-W-sa¶n-Ã. CXv C³jp-d³kn-t\mSp Xs¶bpÅ Ahn-izm-k-¯n-\mWv CS-bm-¡p¶Xv. F¶m dnkv¡p-Isf¡pdn¨pw kwc-£-W amÀK-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw

än t]mfn-kn-IÄ, IhÀsN¿p¶ dnkv¡p-IÄ, {]oanbw \nc-¡v, s¢bnw \S-]-Sn-{I-a-§Ä F¶nh Xmc-Xayw sN¿m\pw sXc-sª-Sp-¡m\pw Ahk-c-ap-≠v. icn-bmb t]mfnkn sXcsª-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-t\m-sSm¸w {]oanbw \nc-¡n em`-ap-≠m-¡m\pw Ign-bpw.

P\-d C³jp-d³kv taJ-e-bn 2008 Un Xm-cn^v k{¼-Zmbw \n e-hn h¶Xn\m {]oanbw \nc¡v AXmXp I¼-\n-I-fmWv \nÝbn¡p¶Xv. Ch Xmc-Xayw sN¿m-\pw, th≠n-h-¶m C³jp-d³kv I¼\n Ifp-ambn hne-t]in {]oanbw \nc¡v Ipd-bv¡m\pw km[n-¡pw.

C³jp-d³kv I¼\n/t]mfnkn F§ns\ Xnc-sª-Sp¡mw, s¢bnw D≠mbm sNt¿≠ Imcy-§Ä, t]mfn-knIÄ F§ns\ Xmc-Xayw sN¿mw, hn]-W\ taJ-e-bn-ep-Å-hsc Asæn C³jp-d³kv s{]m^-j-W-ep-Isf F§ns\ sXc-sª-Sp-¡Ww XpS§n Ht«sdImcy-§fn icn-bmb Xocp-am-\-

sa-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn\v C¯-c-¯n-Â Adn-hp t\Sp-¶Xv klm-bn¡pw. GXp-Xcw t]mfn-kn-IÄ Fhn-sS-\n¶v F{X-t¯mfw thW-sa¶v Xocp-am-\n-¡m-\pÅ Ignh kzta-[bm D≠m-hp-¶p. ]n¶oSv \n§sf BÀ¡pw C³jp-d³kn-eqsS h©n-¡m³ ]äp-I-bn-Ã. mail your feedback at odatt@aimsinsurance. in, mob: 9895768333

icn-bmb Adnhv D]-t`m-àm-hn\p-≠m-bn-cp¶psh¦n t]mfn-kn-IÄ tNmZn¨phm§p¶ AhØ D≠m-Ip-ambn-cp-¶p. Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb Hcp hn]Wn D≠m-I-W-sa-¦n hm§p¶ D¸¶w AsÃ-¦n tkh-\-s¯-¡p-dn¨v icn-bmb Adnhv IqSntbXocq. C³jp-d³kn-s\¡p-dn-¨pÅ ASn-Øm-\-Im-cy-§Ä Adnbp-¶Xn\v Ct¸mÄ Ht«sdamÀK-§Ä \ne-hn-ep-≠v. t]mfn-kn-IÄ GsX¶pw Ah F§s\ kzoI-cn-¡-W-sa¶pw Adnhp e`n-¡p-¶-Xn-eqsS IqSp-X D]t`m-àm-¡Ä C³jp-d³kv ]cn-c£ t\ Sp-¶Xn\v X¿m-dmIpw sF-BÀUnF, C³jp-d³kv C³s^mÀta-j³ _yqtdm, P\-d C³jp-d³kv Iu¬knÂ, sse^v C³jp-d³kv Iu¬knÂ, C³jpd³kv I¼-\n-I-fpsS sh_vssk-äv, hnhn[ C³jp-d³kv {]kn-²o-I-c-W§Ä, sh_vssk-äp-IÄ F¶n-h-bn-eqsS C³jp-d³kn-s\-¡p-dn¨v \nc-h[n Imcy§Ä a\-kn-em-¡m³ Ah-k-c-ap≠v. policyholder.gov.in F¶ sh_vssk-än- t]mfnkn DS-aIÄ Adntb≠ FÃm hnh-c-§fpw ae-bm-f-apĸsSbpÅ- hnhn[ `mj-I-fn e`n¡pw. tamt«mÀhml-\w, sse^v C³jp-d³kv, sl¯v C³jp-d³kv, hn]-W\ taJe-bn-ep-Å-hÀ, s¢bnw XoÀ¸m-¡p-¶Xnse A]m-I-X-IÄ XpS§nb hnh-c§-sfÃmw CXn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¨n-«p-≠v.

C³jp-d³kv I¼-\n-I-fpsS sh_vssk-

39

C³Ukv{Sn t^m¡kv

w b m hyh-k kpPojv sI Fkv

tI-

hy-h-km-b-¯n-sâ XpS¡w

c-f-¯n ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-km-b-¯n-sâ XpS¡w I-®qÀ PnÃ-bn-se h-f-]-«-W-¯m-bn-cp-s¶-¦n-epw hy-h-km-b-¯n-\v Iq-Sp-X h-fÀ-¨ \Â-Inb-Xv s]cp-¼m-hq-cm-bn-cp-¶p. ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-km-b-¯nsâ CuänÃw F¶pw s]-cp-¼m-hq-cn-s\ hn-ti-jn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn sX-änÃ. X-Sn hy-h-km-b-¯n-\v t]-cp tI-« C-hn-sS B-Zy X-Sn- an h-cp-¶-Xv 1956em-Wv. ssl-td-©n \n¶pw a-äv h-\-ta-J-e-I-fn \n¶pw Im-f-h-≠n-bn sIm-≠p-h-¶n-cp-¶ X-Sn-IÄ s]-cp-¼m-hq-cn a-t\m-lc-§fm-b ^À-Wn-¨-dp-I-fm-bn am-dn-. km-¼-¯n-I-am-bn hen-b ap-t¶-ä-am-Wv C-Xv s]-cp-¼m-hq-cn-\v \Â-InbXv. am{X-a-Ã, \n-ch-[n D-¯-tc-´y³ hy-h-km-bnIsf C-t§m-«m-IÀ-jn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw Cu apt¶äw Im-c-W-am-bn. Cu {]-tZ-i-¯n-sâ `q-an-im-kv-{X-hpw X-Sn hy-h-km-b-¯n-\v k-lm-b-ambn. tI-c-f-¯n-sâ G-Xm-≠v a-[y-`m-K-¯pÅ C-hn-tS-¡v FÃm Øe-¯p \n¶pw a-cw H-tc \n-c¡n F-¯n-¡m³ km-[n-¡pw. h-\ \n-b-a-§Ä I-Ài-\-am-b-tXm-sS L-\-a-c-hy-h-kmb-§Ä A-S-¨p-]q-t«-≠n h-¶Xn-s\m¸w ]m-¡nw-Kv sIbv-kv hy-h-km-bw s]cp-¼m-hq-cn iàn {]m-]n-¨p.

AtXmsS h³InS tXm-«-§-fn \n¶pw sh-«namän-bn-cp-¶ d-_À a-c-§Ä hym-]-I-am-bn ]m-¡nw-Kv sIbv-kp-IÄ D-≠m-¡m³ D-]-tbm-Kn-¨p Xp-S§n. d-ºÀ X-Sn-bp-sS e-`y-X, hn-e-¡p-dhv, hn-ä-gn-¡m-\p-Å kuIcyw F¶n-h s]-cp-¼m-hq-cn-s\ {][m-\ d-_À- X-Sn amÀ-¡-äm-¡n D-bÀ-¯pIbm-bn-cp-¶p. Im-e-{Ita-W ]m -¡nw-Kv sI-bv-kv hy-hkm-bw am-µy-¯n-te-¡v \o-§nb-t¸m-gm-Wv ]-ecpw ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-km-b-¯n-te-¡v \o-§n-bXv. d_À X-Sn sIm-≠p-Å hn-\oÀ D-]-tbm-Kn¨v ss¹-hp-Uv \nÀ-an-¡m-sa-¶v C-hn-sS-bp-≠m-bn-cp¶ D-¯-tc-´y-¡mÀ I-s≠-¯p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. D-¯-tc-´y¡mÀ s]-cp-¼m-hq-cn \n-¶pw hn-\oÀ hm-§n ss¹-hpUv \nÀ-an-¨v tI-c-f-¯n hn-]W-\w sN-¿m³ XpS §n. Cu km[y-X a-\-kn-em-¡n-b s]-cp-¼m-hq-cn-se ac hy-h-km-bn-Ifpw hy-h-km-bn-Ifpw tIm-Sn-¡-W-¡n\v cq-] hm-bv-]-sb-Sp¯v ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-km-b-w B -cw-`n-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp¶p. C-¯-c-¯n \q-dv I-W-¡n-\v ss¹-hp-Uv hy-hkm-b Øm-]-\-§Ä B-cw-`n-¨tXmsS s]-cp-¼m-hq-À C-´y-bn-se Xs¶ {][m\

40

s]cp¼mhqcn-sâ hym-h-kmbn-I N-cn-{X-¯n \nÀWmbI Øm-\-am-Wv ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-km-b-¯n-\p-Å-Xv. ] c¼cmKXambn XSnhyhkmb¯n ap³]´nbn \n-¶n-cp¶ Hcp ]«-W-am-bn-cp-¶p s]-cp-¼m-hq-À. s]mXp taJem Øm]\amb {Smh³-IqÀ dtbm¬-kn-sâ Akv-Xa\w Cu \m-Sns\ km-¼-¯n-I-am-bn X-fÀ-¯n-b Im-e-¯m-Wv D-WÀ-hn-sâ ]m-X-sbm-cp¡n 1984þ85 ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-km-bw I-S-¶phcp-¶Xv. C-¶v s]-cp-¼mhqÀ ta-J-e-bn am-{Xw 325e-[nIw ss¹-hp-Uv hy-hkmb bq-Wn-äp-IÄ {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶pp≠v ≠vv. Sm-Iv-kv C-\-¯n ≠ H-cp am-kw Np-cp-§n-b-Xv 50 tIm-Sn cq-]-sb-¦nepw ChnsS \n-¶v kÀ-¡m-cn-\v e-`n-¡p-¶p. F-¶m I]S ]-cn-Øn-Xnhm-Z-w hy-h-km-bs¯ {]-Xn-k-Ôn-bn-em-¡p¶p-sh¶v Cu ta-J-e-bn-ep-Å-hÀ ]-d-bp¶p. s]-cp-¼mhq-cn-se ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-km-b-¯n-sâ km-[y-X-I-fpw shÃp-hnfn-I-fpw ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-I-bm-Wv C¯hW C³-U-kv{Sn t^m-¡-kn-Â

tkm an Hm-tW-gv-kv B³-Uv ss¹-hp-Uv am-\p-^m-Iv-tN-gv-kv Atkm-kn-tb-j³ {]kn-Uâ v Fw Fw ap-Po-_v d-Òm³, P-\-d sk-{I«-dn sI Fw A-_v-ZpÄ Icow

Bhm-k km-l-N-cy-§-fp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸«p-≠m-Ip¶ ]m-cn-ØnXn-I {]-iv-\-§Ä am-{X-am-Wp-Å-Xv. F-¶m A-Xn-sâ t]-cn hy-h-km-bw \nÀ-¯-W-sa-¶v ]-d-bp¶-Xv F-´n-sâ A-Sn-Øm-\-¯n-emsW-¶-dn-bn-söpw A-_vZpÄ Icow hn-i-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶p.

a-äv {]-Xn-k-Ôn-IÄ hÀ-[n-¨p-h-cp¶ sN-e-hp-I-fpw \nÀamW ta-J-e-bn-se am-µy-hpw

ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-km-b tI-{µ-am-bn amdn.

ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-km-bw C-¶v C-¶v s]-cp-¼m-hqÀ ta-J-e-bnse tIm-X-awK-ew, Ip-¶-¯p-\m-Sv, aq-hm-äp]p-g F-¶o Xm-eq-¡p-I-fn-embn 25 In-tem-ao-äÀ Np-ä-f-hn- 325-e[nIw ss¹-hp-Uv ^m-Îdn-I-fp-≠v. C-h-bn-seÃm-am-bn 70,000Hmfw A-\y-kwØm\ sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ C-hnsS sXm-gn-se-Sp-¡p-¶p-≠v. Hm-^o-kv -tPmenIfn am-{X-am-Wv a-e-bm-fn Po-h-\¡mÀ Iq-Sp-X-em-bpÅXv. shdpw aq-¶v i-X-am-\w a-m-{X-am-Wv ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-kmb-¯n a-e-bm-fn-I-fp-sS {]-m-Xn-\n-[yw.

F-¶m Cu ta-Je-sb B-{i-bn-¡p¶ \n-ch-[n A-\p-_-Ô hyh-km-b-§fpw I¨-h-S Øm-]-\-§-fp-ap-≠v. Zn-h-kw Ipdª-Xv B-bn-cw tem-Uv X-Sn-sb-¦nepw tI-c-f-¯n-sâ hnhn-[ `m-K-§-fn \n-¶v s]-cp-¼m-hq-cn-se-¯p-¶p. s]-cp-¼m-hqÀ tI-{µambp-Å hy-h-km-b-am-sW-¦nepw C-Xn-s\ B-{i-bn-¨v kw-Øm-\-¯p-S-\ofw e-£-¡W¡n-\p t]À D-]-Poh-\w I-s≠¯p-¶p≠v. Hcp am-kw Np-cp-§n-b-Xv 50 tIm-Sn cq-]-sb-¦nepw Sm-Iv-kv C-\-¯n kÀ-¡m-cn-te-¡v C-hn-sS \n¶pw t]m-Ip¶p. s]-cp-¼m-hq-cn \nÀ-an-¡p¶ ss¹-hpUn-sâ {][m-\ amÀ-¡äv Zp-_m-bv, J¯À, Ip-ssh-äv, ku-Zn A-td_y, XpÀ-¡n, Xm-bv-e³-Uv F-¶o cm-Py§-fm-Wv. Gähpw \à D¸-¶w tI-c-f-¯n \n-¶v e-`n-¡p¶-Xv sIm-≠m-Wv C-hn-sS \n-¶v ss¹-hp-Uv DÂ-¸-¶-§Ä aäpkw-Øm-\§-fn-te¡pw hnhn-[ cm-Py§-fn-te¡pw I-b-än A-b-¡m-\m-Ip-¶Xv.

d-_À IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v Xm-§m-Ip-¶ hy-h-km-bw ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-km-b-¯n-sâ {][m-\ A-kw-kvIr-X h-kv-Xp-¡-sf-¶v ]-d-bp¶Xv ]m-gv-a-c-§-fm-Wv. F¬]-Xv i-X-am-\ hpw d-_À X-Sn-I-fm-Wv hy-h-km-b-¯n-\v Bhiy-am-bn h-cp-¶Xv. s]-cp-¼m-hq-cn-se hnhn-[ X-Sn amÀ-¡-äp-I-fn-em-bn \q-dv I-W¡n-\v tem-Uv d-_À X-Sn-Ifpw ]m-gv-a-c-§fp-am-Wv h-cp-¶Xv. B-hÀ-¯-\ Ir-jn-¡p th-≠n sh-«nam-äp-¶ d-_À X-Sn-I-fn-eqsS IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v \ym-bam-b hn-e s]-cp-¼mhq-cn-se ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-km-bw sIm-≠v e-`n-¡p-¶p≠v.

I]S ]-cn-Øn-Xnhm-Zn-I-fp-sS F-XnÀ¸v kw-Øm-\ J-P-\m-hn-te-¡v H-cp henb Xp-I kw-`m-h-\ sN-¿p-¶ ss¹-hpUv hy-h-km-bw C-¶v t\-cn-Sp¶ hen-b {]-Xnk-Ôn P-\hm-k ta-J-e-bn \n¶v Cu hy-h-km-bw am-ä-W-sa-¶ B-h-iys¸-«v NneÀ \-S-¯p-¶ k-a-c-§-fm-sW¶v tkm an Hm-tW-gv-kv B³-Uv ss¹-hp-Uv am-\p-^m-Iv-tN-gv-kv A-tkm-kn-tb-j³ {]-knUâ v Fw Fw ap-Po-_v d-Òm³ ]-d-bp-¶p. tI-c-f-¯nÂv P-\hm-k ta-J-ebn \n¶pw XoÀ¯pw am-dn H-cp Ø-ew hy-h-km-b-¯n-\m-bn I-s≠-¯m-\m-hnÃ. ]-≠v hy-h-km-b-§Ä-¡v G-ähpw Iq-SpX `oj-Wn D-bÀ-¯n-bn-cp¶Xv t{S-Uv bq-Wn-b-\pI-fm-bn-cp¶psh¦n C-¶Xv I]S -]-cn-Øn-Xn-hm-Zn-I-fm-sW¶pw A-t±lw ]-d-bp-¶p. ss¹-hp-Uv Iym³-kÀ D-≠m-¡p-¶psh-¶m-Wv {]-[m-\ B-t£]w. F-¶m l-cnbm-\, Kp-P-dm-¯v, IÀ-Wm-S-I, Xan-gv-\m-Sv F-¶n-hn-S-§-fn F{Xtbm hÀ-j-§-fm-bn ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-km-bw \-S-¡p¶p. C-hnsS-sbm¶pw C-Xn-sâ ^-e-am-bn Iym³-ktdm a-äv A-kp-J§tfm dn-t¸mÀ-«v sN-¿-s¸«n«nÃ. am-{X-aà s]-cp-¼m-hq-cp-Å `q-cn-`m-Kw ss¹-hp-Uv ^m-Î-dn-Ifpw {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p¶-Xv D-S-a-Ifp-sSbpw aäpw hoSpIÄ-¡v k-ao-]amWv. A§-s\ F-s´-¦nepw A-kp-J-§Ä D-≠m-¡p-¶ hy-h-km-b-am-sW-¦n -kz´w Ip-Spw-_-¯n-ep-Å-h-sc tcm-Kn-I-fm¡m³ B-sc-¦nepw {i-an¡p-tam-sb¶pw s]-cp-¼m-hq-cn-se hy-h-km-bn-IÄ tNm-Zn¡p-¶p. s]-cp-¼m-hq-cn-sâ km-¼¯n-I h-fÀ¨-bn \nÀ-Wm-b-I kzm-[o-\w sNep-¯p-¶ ss¹-hp-Uv hy-h-kmb-s¯ X-IÀ-¯v Cu hy-h-km-bw D-¯-tc-´ybn-te-¡v ]-dn-¨p\Sp-¶-Xn-\p {i-an-¡p¶ D-¯-tc-´y³ tem-_n-bp-sS k-lm-bt¯m-sS-bmWv hym-P-]-cn-Øn-Xn-hm-Zn-IÄ k-a-c-§Ä kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-sX¶v tkm an Hm-tW-gv-kv B³-Uv ss¹-hp-Uv am-\p-^m-Iv-tN-gv-kv A-tkm-kn-tb-j³ P-\-d sk-{I«-dn sI Fw A-_v-ZpÄ Icow ]-d-bp-¶p. \m-fn-Xphsc Cu hy-hkm-bw sIm-≠v kmw-{IanI tcmK-§tfm a-äv A-kpJ-§tfm D-≠m-Ip-¶-Xmbn saUn-¡Â kw-Lw dn-t¸mÀ-«v sN-bv-Xn-«nÃ. \n-ch[n A-\y-kwØm\ sXm-gn-em-fnIÄ ]-Wn-sb-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-\m A-h-cp-sS

\n-an¯w ss¹-hp-Uv DÂ-¸m-Z-\-¯nsâ Af-hv Ip-d-ªn-«p≠v. ap¼v 24 a-Wn-¡qÀ DÂ-¸m-Z-\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-¶Xv 16 a-Wn-¡qdm-¡n- Ipd¨p. Iq-Sm-sX B-tKm-famµyw aq-ew I-b-äp-a-Xn-bn h-¶ Ip-dhv, t^md-kv-äv F³-Hkn e-`n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Å Im-eXm-akw, ssh-Zyp-Xn NmÀ-Pv hÀ-[-\, ^m-Îdo-kv B³-Uv t_m-bn-te-gv-kv sse-k³-kv In-«p-¶-Xn-\p-Å _p-²n-ap«v, aen-\o-IcW \nb-{´W t_mÀ-Un-sâ I-Sp-¯ \n-b{´-W§Ä, te-_À \n-ba-¯n-se Ip-cp¡pIÄ, sk-bnÂ-kv Sm-Iv-kv, sN¡v-t]m-

kväv {]-iv-\-§Ä Xp-S-§nb-h Cu hy-hkm-bw \-S-¯n-s¡m≠p-t]m-Ip¶-Xv hn-ja-I-c-am-¡n-bn-«p≠v.

]p-tcm-K-Xn-bn-te-¡v \-bn-¡m³ ss¹-hp-Uv C³-U-kv-{Sn¡v C-\n h-f-cp¶-Xn\v ssh-hn-[y-h-XvI-c-Ww B-h-iy-amWv. A-Xn-\v ]pXn-b sSIv-t\m-f-Pnbpw \qX\ D-]-I-c-W-§fpw sIm-≠p-h-cnIbpw Øm-]n-¡p-I-bpw thWw. F-¶m hy-h-km-b¯n-\p t\-tc D-b-cp-¶ B-tcm-]-W-§Ä aqew I-¼-\n-Ifp-sS hn-I-k-\ -{]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä-¡v ]-©m-b-¯n \n¶pw A-\pa-Xn e-`n-¡m³ {]-bm-k-a-\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-IbmWv. kÀ-¡m³ ss¹-hpUv hy-h-km-b-¯n-\v F-Xn-cm-sW-¶v I-cpXp-¶n-sÃ-¦nepw ss¹hp-Uv hy-h-kmb-s¯¡p-dn-¨v Ir-Xy-am-bn ]T-\w \-S-¶m A-Xv hy-h-km-b¯n-\v G-sd Kp-Ww sN-¿p-sa¶v A-tkmkn-tb-j³ `m-c-hm-lnIÄ ]-d-bp-¶p. \n-e-hn h-\-`q-an-¡v bm-sXm-cp t]m-dep-taÂ-¸n-¡msX \n-ch-[n P-\-§Ä-¡v {]-Xy-£-ambpw ]-tcm-£-ambpw sXm-gn \Â-Ip-¶ ta-J-e-bm-WnXv. d-_À X-Snb-S-¡-ap-Å ]m-gv-a-c-§-sf A-kw-kv-IrX-h-kv-Xp-hm-¡n ImÀjn-I h-fÀ-¨-bv-¡v k-lm-bn-¡p-¶Xn-s\m¸w kÀ-¡m-cn-\v tIm-Sn-¡-W-¡n-\v cq-] \n-Ip-Xn-bmbpw hntZ-i \m-Wy-ambpw t\-Sn¯cp-¶ ss¹hp-Uv hy-h-kmb-s¯ Iq-Sp-X {]-Xnk-Ôn-bn-te-¡v X-Ån-hn-Sm-Xn-cn-¡m³ kÀ-¡mÀ {i-a-§Ä A\n-hm-cy-am-sW¶pw ChÀ HmÀ-a-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p.

41

PnÃ-I-fn-eq-sS... \nXy-lcn-X \-Kcw, G-gp Ip-¶p-I-fp-sS \-Kcw, X-eØm-\ \-Kcw, `-c-W kncm-tI{µw XpS-§n H-t«-td hn-ti-j-W-§-fp≠v Xn-c-h-\-´]p-c-¯n-\v. C´y³ D]`qJÞ¯nsâ ]Snªmd³ Xoc¯v tIcf¯nsâ sX-t¡ Aä¯v ØnXn sN¿p-¶ Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw PnÃ- hy-Xy-kv-Xam-b kw-kv-Im-c-§Ä sIm-≠pw `q-anim-kv-{X-]-cam-b Øm-\w sIm≠pw G-sd {]-tXy-I-X-IÄ \n-d-ª-XmWv. Xnct¡dn-b hmWnPy taJe-Ifpw {][m\ K-h¬-saâ v kw-hn-[m-\-§-fp-sS tI-{µ-§fpw C-hn-sS-bmWv. \-½p-sS cm-{ã ]n-Xm-hv a-lm-ßm KmÔn "\nXy lcnX \-K-cw' F¶v Xncph\´]pcs¯ hntijn-¸n-¨-Xv {]-Ir-Xn hn-`-h-§fp-sSbpw hm-Wn-Py hn-`h-§-fp-sSbpw km[y-X a-\-kn-em-¡n-bXp-sIm-≠mWv. tIcf¯nse Gähpw P\km{µX IqSnb \-K-c-hpw Gähpw henb \Kc-hp-w Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-c-amWv. cm-Py-s¯ sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« tlm-«-kväv sF-Sn sU-kvän-t\-j-\p-Ifn-sem-¶m-b Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-c-amWv kw-Øm-\-s¯ tkm-^v-äv shbÀ Ibäpa-Xn-bn 80% kw`mh\ sN¿p-¶-Xv. sFSn hy-hkm-b cwK-¯p am-{X-aà Sq-dn-kw, ]n {Knw Sq-dn-kw, B-tcm-Ky Sq-dn-kw, a-äp hy-hkm-b kw-cw-`§Ä, hn-gn-ªw Xp-d-ap-Jm-[n-jvTn-X hy-h-km-b-§Ä, K-Xm-K-X hn-Ik-\w Xp-S-§n-b \n-ch-[n ta-J-e-I-fn hnI-k-\ ho-£-W-ap-Å X-e-Øm\sa-¶ Jym-Xnbpw Xnc-h-\-´]p-c-¯n\p kz-´w. PnÃ-bp-sS hn-I-k-\ kz-]v-\-§-fn-te¡pw s]-cp-a-I-fnte-¡pw I-S¶psNÃp-I-bm-Wv C¯-h-W F-aÀ-Pn-Mv tIc-f.

kpPojv sI Fkv

{_n-

G-gp Ip-¶p-I-fp-sS N-cn{Xw

«o-jp-Im-cm-Wv Xn-cp-h-´-]p-c-s¯ G-gp Ip-¶p-I-fp-sS \-K-c-sa-¶v BZy-am-bn hn-ti-jn-¸n-¨-Xv. I-\-I-¡p¶v, Ip-S-¸-\-¡p¶v, Ip-dp-hm-en-¡p¶v, ]q-gn-¡p¶v, ]-cp-¯n-¡p¶v, ]-c-h³-Ip¶v, Xn-cp-a-e-¡p-¶v F-¶o {]-tZ-i-§-fm-Wv PnÃ-sb Cu hn-ti-j-W-¯n-\v AÀ-l-am¡nb-Xv-. Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw F-¶ t]-cn\p ]n-¶n-epw H-cp N-cn-{X-ap≠v. hS-¡p ap-X sX-¡p h-sc G-sd {]-i-kv-X-am-b ssh-jv-W-h t£-{X-§Ä D-s≠-¦n-epw A-\-´i-b-\ {]-Xn-jvT-bp-Å {io-]-ß-\m`-kzm-an-t£-{Xw Xn-cp-h-\-´-]pc-s¯ hy-Xy-kv-X-am-¡p-¶p-≠v. A-Xn-\m {io ]ß\m-`-sâ a-s®-¶pw, A-\-´i-b-\-amb-Xn-\m A-\-´-]p-cw, A\-´-]p-cn F-s¶m-s¡bpw PnÃ-sb hn-ti-jn-¸n-¡p¶p. Cu hm-¡p-I-tfm-Sv _-lp-am-\-]qÀ-

hw Xn-cp tNÀ-¶v ]n-¶o-Sv Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-c-am-bn F-¶-m-Wv hm-sam-gn-bm-bn {]-N-cn-¡p-¶ N-cn{Xw. B-cy-·m-cp-sS A-[n-\n-th-i-¯n-\p ti-jw Xncp-h-\´-]p-cw `-cn-¨n-cp¶-Xv B-cy- cmPm¡·m-cm-bn-cp-¶p. \q-äm-≠p-I-fp-sS ]-g-¡hpw K-cn-abp-apÅ \-K-c-¯n-sâ N-cn-{X¯n F-Un 10mw \q-äm-≠v G-sd {]-[m-\yw AÀ-ln-¡p-¶p≠v. th-Wm-Sv cm-P-hw-i¯n-sâ Io-gn-em-bn-cp-¶ Xn-cp-h-\´-]p-cw Xn-cphn-Xmw-Iq-dn-sâ `m-K-am-Ip-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p.

1684 Dab½ dmWnbpsS Ime¯mWv- Xncph\´]pc-¯p \n¶pw 32 Intem aoäÀ hS¡v ØnXnsN¿p¶ A©psX§v F¶ {]-tZ-i-¯v kw-Øm\-¯v B-Zy-am-bn Cw¥ojv CuÌv C´ym I¼-\n Øm]n¡s¸«Xv-. amÀ-¯m-Þ hÀ-a \-S¯n-b N-cn-{X {]-kn-²-am-b Xr-¸-Sn-Zm-\w DĸsS \n-ch-[n N-cn-{X ap-lqÀ-¯-§Ä¡pw t]m-cm-«-§Ä¡pw X-e-Øm-\w km-£n-bmbn.

\-K-c-h-Â-¡-c-W-¯n-sâ Im-e-L-«-¯n-te¡v \Kcw B[p\nIXbpsS BZy NphSphbv¸pIÄ \S¯nbXv 1729- amÀ¯m-ÞhÀa XncphnXmwIqÀ \m«pcmPy¯nsâ `cWm[nImcn BbXn\v tijamWv. Ip-f-¨Â

42

bp-²-¯n {_o-«o-jp-Im-sc tXmÂ-¸n-¨-Xpw, Sn-¸p-hn-s\ h-S-t¡m«p ]-e-mb\w sN-¿n¨Xpw C-tX cm-Pm-hp Xs¶. 1745-emWv Xncph\´]pcw, XncphnXmwIqdnsâ XeØm\-am-b-Xv. 19þmw \qäm≠nsâ a[yImeL«¯nÂ, kzmXnXncp\mÄ almcmPmhpw Bbneyw Xncp\mÄ almcmPmhpw cmPyw `cn¨ncp¶ kab¯mWv ]«W¯nsâ kphÀW ImeL«w F¶p ]dbmhp¶-Xv. kzmXnXncp\mfnsâ ImeL«¯nemWv BZys¯ Cw¥ojv hnZymebw(1834), \£{X\nco£Wmebw (1837) F¶nh \nÀan¨Xv. Bbneyw Xncp\mfnsâ ImeL«¯n P\d Bip]{Xn (1839), Hmdnbâ dnkÀ¨v C³-Ìnäyq«v, am\p kv{In]väv sse{_dn, bqWnthgvknän tImtfPv (1873) F¶nh Øm-]n¨p. kwkvIrX Iemebw, BbpÀthZ tImtfPv, tem tImtfPv F¶nh {ioaqew Xncp\mÄ almcm Pmhnsâ Ime¯mWv Øm]n¨-Xv. 19þmw \qäm≠nsâ XpS¡¯n cm{ãobambpw kmaqlnIambpw henb amä§Ä¡v \Kcw km£yw hln¨p. 1904- Øm]n¨ {ioaqew Akw»n BWv C´ybnse Xs¶ BZys¯, P\§Ä XncsªSp¯ \nb ak`m kan-Xn. N-cn-{X {]-kn-²am-b t£-{X {]-th-i-\ hn-fw-_-cw \-S¯nbXpw C-tX cm-P-hw-iw Xs¶.

1949Â- Xncp-sIm¨n kw-tbmP\ k-ab¯v XncphnXmwIqdnep≠mb aq¶v dh\yq

Unhnj\pIfn H¶v am{Xambncp¶p Xncph\´]pcw. kw-tbmP\¯n\ptijw dh\yq Unhnj\pIÄ PnÃIfmbn amdn. Znhm³ t]jvImÀ PnÃm IfIvädmbn. AKkvXoizcw, tXmhmf, I¡pfw, hnfh³tImSv Xmeq¡pIÄ ASnØm\]cambn Xangv kwkmcn¡p¶ Øe-§-fm-bXn\m Xangv\mSnt\mSv tNÀ¡s¸«p. 1956 \ hw-_À H¶n\p tIcfkwØm\w cq-]-h¡cn¨t¸mÄ Xncph\´]pcw AXnsâ XeØm\ambn am-dn. \Kc¯nsâ apJ-ap{Z ]ß\m` kzman t£{XamWv. sslµh hnizmk {]Imcw, Bbncw XebpÅ A\´³ F¶ kÀ¸¯nt·Â hn{ian¡p¶ almhnjvWphmWv C-hnSps¯ {]XnjvT. 1991 hsc Xncph\´-]pcw HutZymKnIambn- "{Snhm³{Uw' Bbncp¶p. AXn\p tijw, kÀ¡mÀ D¯chp {]Imcw, FÃmbn-S¯pw "Xncph\´]pcw' F¶pXs¶ D]tbm-Kn¡p¶p.

I-≠nÃ". CtX A-`n-{]m-bw ]-¦p-h-bv-¡p-¶ \n-ch-[n k-a-Im-en-I-sc \-ap-¡p PnÃ-bn Im-Wp-hm³ km[n-¡pw. I-e-h-d-I-fnÃm-¯ km-[y-X-I-fpÅ \n-ch-[n ta-J-e-IÄ Im-cy£-a-ambn D-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯p¶-Xp h-gn PnÃ-sb hy-h-kmbn-I cw-K¯pw X-e-Øm-\am-bn am-äm³ km-[n-¡pw.

tIc-f-¯n-sâ sF-Sn l-_v tI-c-f-¯nsâ sF-Sn lºm-b Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw kw-Øm-\-¯n-sâ tkm-^v-ävshbÀ I-b-äp-a-Xn-bn 80% i-X-am-\w ]¦pw h-ln-¡p-¶p. cm-Py-s¯ sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« tlm-«-kväv sF-Sn sU-kv-än-t\-j-\p-Ifn-sem-¶v Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-csa-¶v a-\-kn-em-Ip-t¼mgmWv sF-Sn ta-J-e-bn Pnà ssI-h-cn-¨ ]p-tcm-K-Xnbpw {]-`m-hhpw a-\-kn-em-Ip-I-. cm-Py-s¯ B-Zy sSIvt\m]mÀ-¡v Øm-]n-¡-s¸-«Xv Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-c-¯mWv. 350 G¡À

A\´w; km[y-X-IÄ hnkvXrXn-bn 40 e£w NXpc{i ASn hnkvXrXn-bp-Å sSIvv-t\m-]mÀ¡n 230 I-¼-\n-IÄ {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p. 40,000 sF-Sn s{]m-^-j-WepIÄ C-hn-sS tPm-en sN-¿p-¶p-. hf-sc ]-Xp-s¡-bm-bn-cp-¶p sSIv-t\m-]mÀ-¡n-sâ h-fÀ¨. Ab kwØm\§fpsS apt¶äw I≠v ]n¶oSp \S¯nb ]cn{ia§fpsS ^eam-bn-«mWv sFSn hyhkmb¯n Xct¡SnÃm¯ \nt£]w \S¯m³ \ap¡v Ign-ª-Xv. sSIvt\m]mÀ¡n\p am{Xw 3500 tIm-Sn cq]bpsS IbäpaXn Ignª km¼¯nI hÀjw e`n-¨p-sh¶v IW¡m¡s¸Sp-¶p. sS-Ivt\m]mÀ-¡n-sâ sam¯w hnäp-hc-hv ap³hÀj-s¯ A-t]-£n¨v 280 tImSn cq-] hÀ-[n-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. 1991 sSIvt\m]mÀ¡v Øm-]n¨Xp ap-X-emWv Xncph\´]pcw temI\nehmc¯nepÅ Hcp hnhckmt¦XnI sXmgnÂtI{µambn hfcm³ Xp-S-§n-bXv. C¶v hnhc kmt¦XnI hnZy, A\p_Ôtkh\§Ä F¶nhbnse Gähpw anI¨ c≠mw-hn`mK sat{Sm \ Kcambn Xncph\´-]p-cw am-dn-bn-«p≠v. a\pjyhn`h tijnbn C-´y-bn c≠mw Øm-\-¯p-Å \-K-cambpw Xncph\´]pcw sXcsªSp¡s¸«n«p≠v. _lpcm{ã I¼\nIfmb C³t^mknkv, Sn-knFkv, bpFkvSn t¥m_Â, sF-_nF-kv tkm-^v-ävsh-bÀ kÀ-ho-kkv, GWÌv B³Uv bwKv, Aenb³kv tIm¬lnÂ, Sq¬kv A\n taj³ C³Uy, Fw-kvIztbUv XpS§n H«-\h-[n {]apJ Øm]\§Ä sSIv-t\m ]mÀ¡n {]hÀ¯n¡p-¶p≠v.

Sq-dn-kw

\nt£-] km-[y-X-I-fn-te¡v -ssh-hn-[yhpw k-hn-ti-j-X-I-fp-ap-Å `q-{]-Ir-Xn-tbm-Sv IqSnb Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw PnÃ-bv-¡v \nt£-] km-[y-XIÄ A-\-h-[n-bmWv. sFSn, Sq-dnkw, _-tbm-sSIv-t\m-fPn, sS-Iv-kv-ssäÂ, C³-t^m-sS-bv³-saâ v F¶o ta-J-e-I-fn-seÃmw A-\-´km-[y-X-I-fmWv PnÃ-bv-¡p-Å-Xv. F-¶m C-Xph-sc Cu \nt£-] km[y-X-IÄ Im-cy-£-a-am-bn D-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯m³ PnÃ-bv-¡p km-[n-¨n-«nÃ. G-sd {]-Xo-£-I-tfm-sS Im-¯n-cn-¡p-¶ hn-gn-ªw ]-²-Xn-bp-sS-bpw Sq-dn-kw km-[y-X-I-fp-sSbpw Imcyw am-{X-w I-W-¡nse-Sp¯m C-Xp hyàamIpw. hn-gn-ªw ]²-Xn \o≠p-t]m-Ip¶-Xv {]-tZ-i-hm-kn-I-fn G-sd \ncm-i kr-jv-¨n-«p≠v. hngn-ªw {]-tZ-i-¯p Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶ G-sd {]m-bwsN-¶ H-cm-fp-sS hm-¡p-IÄ I-S-sa-Sp-¯m a-Xn ]²-Xn \-S-¯n-¸n kw-Øm-\-¯n-sâ ip-jv-Im-´n a-\-kn-em-Ipw. "{_n«o-jp-ImÀ \m-Sp-hn-«p t]m-b-Xn F-\n-¡n¶v \n-cm-ibp≠v, F-sâ sN-dp-¸-¯n hn-gnªw {]-tZi-¯p h-¶v {]-Ir-Xn-Z-¯ Xp-d-ap-J-¯n-sâ km-[y-X-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨v A-hÀ ]Tn-¨n-cp¶p. F-¶m ssh-Im-sX C-´y kz-X-{´-bmbn. ]n-¶o-Sp h-¶-hÀ FÃm-hcpw hn-gn-ªw ]-²-Xn-sb-¶p ]-d-sª-¦nepw \-S-¸n-em-¡n

tk-h-\ ta-J-e I-gn-ªm PnÃ-bp-sS km-¼¯n-I cwK¯v ap-Jy kw-`m-h-\ \ ÂIp-¶ H-¶mWv Sqdnkw. saUn¡Â Sqdnkw, ]c¼cmKX Sqdnkw F¶nh-bn Xncph\´-]pcw BtKmfXe¯n Adnbs¸-Sp-¶ sU-Ìn-t\-j-\mWv. A³] Xntesd AwKoIrX BbpÀthZ tI{µ§Ä Xncph\´]pcw \Kc¯n\pÅnepw ]pd¯p-am-bn«p-≠v. {io Nn{X, BÀknkn XpS§nb {]ikvX kÀ¡mÀ Bip] {XnIfpw Inwkv, F-kvbpSn, tImkvtam, PoPo, A\´]pcn XpS§n {]ikvXamb kzImcy B[p\nI NnInÕm tI{µ§fpw Xncph\´]pcw \Kc¯n\pÅnep≠v. _o¨v dntkmÀ«pIÄ, aetbmc kpJhmk tIµ§Ä F¶nhbv¡p A\p_Ôambn {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ kpJNnInÕm Øm]\§fpw saUn¡Â Sqdnk¯n\p kw`mh\ IÄ \Â-Im³ t]m-¶-Xm-Wv. A-Xn-t\-¡m-fp]-cn tem-I-k-©m-cn-IÄ tIc-fw k-µÀ-in¨m XoÀ-¨-bm-bpw sNÃp-s¶m-cn-S-am-Wv tIm-h-fw. tImhf¯n\v- temI Sqdnkw `q] S¯n {]tXyI Øm\ap-≠v. XncIÄ hfsc IpdhmWv- F¶XmWnhnSps¯ {]tXy IX. tImhfw sseäv lukv, lmÂknb³ sIm«mcw, inhKncn XoÀ°mS\ tI{µw F-¶nh {]ikvXamb aäp Øe§fm-Wv-. th-fn-bpw- {][m\ hnt\mZ k©mctI{µamWv-. Ad_n¡Sepw thfnImbepw tNcp¶ ChnSw thfn SqdnÌv hntÃPv F¶mWv- Adnbs¸Sp¶-Xv. agaqew thfn Imben shÅw IqSpt¼mÄ ISepw Imbepw X½n thÀXncn¨ncn¡p¶ aWÂXn«(s]mgn) apdnbpIbpw Imb Pew ISente¡v HgpIbpw sN-¿p-sa-¶ {]-tXy-I-Xbpw C-hn-sS-bp-≠v. Iq-SmsX B¡p-fw, ]q-hmÀ, iwJpapJw _o-¨v-, kÀ¡mÀ Iem {]ZÀi\mebw (ayqkn-bw)-, s\¿mÀ AW-s¡«v, t]¸md- AW-s¡«v, h\y

43

PnÃ-I-fn-eq-sS... arKkw-c£W tI{µw F-¶n-h-sbÃmw PnÃ-bp-sS Sq-dnkw h-fÀ-¨-bv-¡v B-¡w Iq-«p-¶-h-bm-Wv.

hyhkmb taJe CS¯chpw hepXpamb H«\h[n hyhkmb bqWnäpIÄ Xncph\´]pc¯p≠v. kÀ¡mÀ DSaØXbn GXm-≠v C-cp-]-tXm-fhpw kzImcy taJebn A-dp]Xne[nIhpw C¯c¯nepÅ Øm]\§Ä {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶p. tIcf kwØm\ hyhkmb hnIk\ tImÀ¸-tdj³ (sIF-kv-sFUnkn), sIÂt{Sm¬, {Smh³-IqÀ ssSäm\nbw, lnµpØm³ emsä-Ivkv XpS§nb kÀ-¡mÀþAÀ[ kÀ¡mÀ Øm]\§-fm-Wv PnÃ-bnse sXmgnÂZmXm¡fn {] [m\nIÄ. 30,000 sNdpInS hyhkmb bqWnäpIfnembn GXm≠v 1,15,000 sXmgnemfnIÄ Xncph\´]pcw \Kc¯nepw {]m´{]tZi§fnepambn sXmgnseSp¡p¶p≠v. ]c¼cmKX sXmgnÂtaJeIfmb IbÀ, ssI¯dn F¶n-hbpw PnÃ-bn {] apJamWv. hy-hkm-b ta-J-e-bp-sS an-I-hmÀ-¶ h-fÀ-¨-bv-¡v X-SkamIp¶Xv XpdapJ§fpsS hn-I-k-\-¯n-se t]mcm-bv-a-bmWv. A-Xn-\m I¨hS{]hÀ-¯-\-§fpw \ Kc¯n hfsc Ipd-hm-Wv. hngnªw XpdapJ¯v \nÀan¡m-\-pt±in¡p¶ Bg¡S Is≠\À {Sm³kvjn¸vsaâ v sSÀan\ CXns\m-cp ]-cn-lm-c-amIpsa-¶ {]-Xo-£-bn-em-Wv hy-hkm-b cw-Kw. \Kct¯mSv tNÀ¶p InS¡p¶ XpdapJw F¶ {]tXyIXbv¡p ]pdta, A´mcm{ã I¸Â amÀK¯n\pw Ing¡p ]Snªmdv jn-¸nwKvv BIvknkn\pw ASp¯p InS¡p¶Xpw, {]hÀ¯\ £aam¡m³ s{UUvPn§v BhiyanÃm¯Xpw hngnª¯nsâ {]m[m\yw hÀ[n¸n¡p-¶p. Nn{XmRvPen ^nenw tImw-¹Ivkv, In³{^ A¸mc ]mÀ¡v, In³{^ ^nenw B³Uv hoUntbm ]mÀ¡v, tIcf ssl sS¡v C³Ukv{Sokv (sIÂsS-¡v)-, {_tÒmkv Fbvtdmkvs]bvkv bqWnäv, tIcf Hmt«msam_oÂ-kv, Cw¥ojv C´y³ t¢-bv-kv s{s]häv enanäUv F¶nh-bmWv hyhkmb {]m[m\y apÅ aäp Øm]-\-§Ä.

X-eØm-\ \-K-cn-bm-b-Xn-\m a-äv PnÃ-I-fn-te-Xn\m-¡mÄ ]-e A-\pIq-e L-S-I-§fpw Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-c¯n-\p-≠v. hn-Zym-`ym-k tI-{µ-§Ä, K-Xm-K-X ku-I-cyw, a-äv A-SnØm-\ ku-I-cy-§Ä F¶o Im-cy-§-fn Pnà G-sd-¡p-sd ]p-tcmK-Xn ssI-h-cn-¨n-«p≠v.

KXmK-X kw-hn-[m-\w tI-c-f-¯n-se a-äv PnÃ-I-sf A-t]-£n-¨v Xn-cph-\-´-]pc-s¯ K-Xm-K-X kw-hn-[m-\w an-I-¨-XmWv. sFSn-tkh\ taJebpsS s]s«¶pÅ hfÀ¨bpw, kwØm\ XeØm\sa¶ ]Zhnbpw, Sqdnkw taJebnep≠mb h³ hfÀ¨bpw Xncph\´]pc¯n sâ KXmKX taJebv¡v- ta h³k½À±¯n\p ImcW-am-sb¶pw A\p-am-\n-¡mw. km-[m-c-W PnÃ-I-fn \n-¶p hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn kpØn-c ]p-tcm-Ka-\w F-¶ Bi-bw K-Xm-X-Kcw-K-¯p \-S-¸n-em-¡p-hm³ {i-an¡p-¶- PnÃ-bm-Wv Xn-cp-h-\-´-]pcw. ]p-tcm-K-a-\-¯n-sâ B-Zy-]-Sn- sa-t{Sm-tbm, tamtWm sdbntem Aà a-dn-¨v ^vvssf Hm-h-dp-I-fm-sW-¶ im-kv-{Xo-b Im-gv-N-¸mSv C-hnsS Im-Wm³ km-[n-¡pw. an-I-¨ h¬-th kw-hn-[m-\-hpw Cu PnÃ-bv-¡p kz´w. F-¶n-cp-¶mepw K-Xm-K-X ta-J-e AÂ-¸w Iq-sS \-ho-I-c-Ww B-h-iy-s¸-Sp-¶p-≠v. \-K-c¯n-sâ P-\-kw-Jy-bv-¡v B-\p-]m-Xn-I-am-bn K-XmK-Xw hn-I-kn-¨n-«p-s≠¦nepw k-µÀ-i-I-cp-sS F-®-Iq-Sp-X-epw, k-a-c-§-fp-sS _m-lp-eyhpw \-Kc-s¯ Xn-ct¡dn-b {]-tZ-i-am-¡p¶p. P\-dw kn-än-bp-sS hn-I-k\-s¯ Bkv-]-Z-am-¡n-bpÅ tI-{µ kwØm-\ kÀ-¡m-cp-I-fpsS ]-²-Xn-IÄ ]qÀ-W-ambpw \-S-¸n-em-¡n-bm-Â- Xs¶ AXn-th-Kw h-f-cp-¶ \-K-c-am-bn Xn-c-h-\-´-]pc-s¯ am-ämw.

A-SnØm-\ ku-I-cy- hn-I-k-\hpw K-Xm-K-X ta-J-e-bpsS \-ho-I-c-Whpw C-Xn-eq-sS km-[y-am-¡m-w.

hnZym`ymk tI-{µ-§-fn H-¶maXv cm{ãobkncmtI{µw F-¶Xn-s\m¸w D¶X\nehmc apÅ ]e hnZym`ymk Øm]\§fpsSbpw tI{µw IqSnbmWv Xncph\´]pcw. tIcf kÀhIemime, cmPohv KmÔn ssPh kmt¦XnI KthjWtI{µw, hn{Iw kmcm`mbv _lncmImitI{µw XpS§nbh A¡q«¯n FSp¯v ]dbmhp¶hbmWv-. 15 F³Pn\ob-dnw-Kv tImsfPpIÄ, aq¶v saUn-¡Â tImsfPpIÄ, aq¶v BbpÀ-thZ tIm-sfPpIÄ, c≠v tlmantbm tImtfPpIÄ, a-äp sa-Un-¡Â hn-`m-K-§-fn-ep-Å Bdv tImtfPpIÄ, c≠v \nba Ieme-b-§Ä XpS§n Ht«sd s{]m^jW hnZym`ymk Øm]\§Ä \

44

Kc¯nep-≠v.

C´ybnse Xs¶ {]apJamb Hcp saUn¡Â tIm-tf-PmWv Xncph\´-]p-c-t¯Xv. AJnte´ym sshZyimkv{X C³Ìnäyq«v F¶ ]Zhnbnte¡v DbÀ¯ns¡m≠phcp¶ Hcp NnInÕmtI{µamWn-Xv. tZiob {]ikvXamb asämcp Øm]\amWv tImtfPv Hm^v F³Pn\o-b-dnwKv Xncph\´]pcw (knC-Sn). sSIvt\m]mÀ¡v Iymw]kn\I¯p {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ Gjy³ kvIqÄ Hm^v _n-kn\kv, sFsF-sF-SnFwsI F¶nh amt\Pv-saâ v hnZym`ymktaJebnse D¶X \n ehmcw ]peÀ¯p¶ c≠v Øm]\§fmWv. imkv{Xam\hnI hnjb§fnepw \nch[n anI¨ hnZym`ymk Øm]\§Ä ChnsS D≠v.

- 517 kÀ¡mÀ kv-Iq-fp-I-fpw 378 FbnUUv kv-Iqfp-I-fpw 58 A¬FbnU-Uv kv-Iq-fp-Ifpw PnÃ-bn-ep≠v. tIcf¯nse BZy A´À-tZiob hnZym-e-bamb Xncph\´]pcw CâÀ-\mjW kvIqÄ 2003 HmKÌv amk¯n-emWv tXm¶¡en {]hÀ¯\w Bcw-`n¨-Xv. \n-e-hn PnÃ-bn-se km-£c-Xm \n-c-¡v 92.66 i-X-am-\am-Wv.

imkv{X kmt¦XnI taJe _lncmImi imkv{Xw, hnhc kmt¦XnI hnZy, ssPh kmt¦XnI hnZy (_tbm sSIv-t\mfPn), sshZyimkv{Xw XpS§n hnhn[ taJeIfnse KthjW -hnIk\ {]hÀ¯-\-§-fpsS tI{µw Iq-SnbmWv Xncph\´]p-cw. hn{Iw kmcm`mbn _lncm Imi tI-{µw, {Zh CÔ\ kmt¦XnI tI-{µw, Xp¼ tdm¡äv hnt£]W tI-{µw, {_tÒmkv Fbvtdmkvs] bvkv bqWn-äv, cmPohv KmÔn ssPh kmt¦XnI tI{µw, t{Sm¸n¡Â k-ky DZym\hpw KthjW tI{µ -hpw, F³sFF-kvSn, C´y³ kzX{´ tkm^vävshbÀ ^u-t≠j³, doPyW Iym³kÀ skâÀ, {io Nn{X Xncp\mÄ saUn¡Â C³Ìnäyq-«v, `ua imkv{X ]T\ tI-{µw, tI{µ Ing§p hnf KthjW tI-{µw, {]nb ZÀin\n \£{X _w¥m-hv, hnImk ]T\ tI-{µw, Hmdnbâ KthjW tI{µhpw Is¿-gp¯v {KÙim-e-bpw, tIcf {][m\ ]mX KthjW tI-{µw, tIcf aÕy KthjW tI{µw Xp-S-§n-b-h-sbÃmw ChnSps¯ {] [m\ KthjW tI-{µ-§-fmWv.

kÀ¡mÀ Po-h-\-¡m-cm k¼-¶w kw-Øm-\-¯n-sâ X-e-Øm-\-hpw `-c-W-kn-cmtI-{µ-hp-am-b-Xn-\m kÀ-¡mÀ Po-h-\-¡m-cm k-¼-¶-am-Wv PnÃ. Xncph\´]pcw \Kc¯nsâ km¼¯nIm-h-Ø {]-[m-\-ambpw tkh\ taJesb tI{µoI-cn-¨v X-s¶-bm-Wv. sam¯w sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fn 60% kÀ¡mÀ Poh-\-¡m-cmWv. aäp Z£ntW´y³ kwØm\ XeØm\§fmb sNss¶, _mw¥qÀ XpS§nb \Kc§sf At]£n¨v XmcXtay\ Ipdª coXnbn am{Xta h³-InS hyhkmb kwc`§Ä Xncph\´]pc¯pÅq. F¶m hnhc kmt¦XnI hnZy, saUn¡Â, _tbm sSIvt\mfPn F¶o taJeIfnse hn]peamb sXmgnÂtijnbpw hnImkhpw Xncph\´]pc¯nsâ km¼¯nI taJesb hfsctbsd ]cnt]mjn¸n¡p¶p-≠v. ]pXnb kzImcy sSenhnj³ Øm]\§fpsS DZbw, ÌpUntbmIÄ, A\p_Ô hyhkmb§Ä XpS§nbhbp-sS h-fÀ-

¨bpw Xncph\´-]p-c-¯n-\v k-½m-\n¨p.

hn-am-\-¯m-h-f \-K-c-w X-e-Øm-\-¯n-sâ am-äv Ip-«p-¶-Xn-\m-bn PnÃ-bn hnam\¯mhf \Kcw h-cm³ t]m-Ip-I-bmWv. Xn-cph-\-´-]pcw hnam\¯mhft¯mS\p_Ôn¨v sNdp hymhkmbnI \Kcw hnIkn¸n¡p¶ Fbvtdmt]mfn kv ]²XnbpsS cq]-tc-J -X-¿m-dm-bn-¡-gn-ªp.

Xncph\´]pcw hnam\¯mhf¯nsâ A´mcm{ã, B`y´c sSÀan\epIsf _Ôn¸n-¨m-Wv Fbvtdmt]m fnkv ]²Xn \-S-¸n-em-¡p-¶Xv. CXnsâ `mKambn _lpXe KXmKX kwhn[m\§fpÅ aÄ«ntamU {Sm³kv-t]mÀ«v l_v Bbn Cu taJe hnIkn¡pw.

Ct¸mgpÅ thyma, tdmUv KXmKX kwhn[m\§Ä¡p ]pdsa sdbn KXmKXw, IS KXmKXw, DÄ\mS³ PeKXmKXw F¶nhbv¡pw kwhn[m\w GÀs¸Sp¯pw. IS KXmKX kwhn[m\w thK¯n GÀs¸Sp¯m\mhpw F¶mWv hnebncp-¯Â. sIm¨pthfn sdbnÂth kvtäj\pambn _Ôn¸nt¨m tamtWm sdbn kwhn[m\w hgntbm Bbncn¡pw sdbn KXmKXs¯ hnam\¯mhfhpambn _Ôn¸n¡pI. tImhfw apX B¡pfw hsc ]mÀhXo ]p¯\mÀ kÖam¡n DÄ \mS³ PeKXmKX kwhn[m\w GÀs¸Sp¯m\pw ]²Xn hn`mh\w sN¿p¶p. hnam\¯mhf¯n\p Npäpw ASnØm\kuIcy hnIk\w \S¸m¡nbmWv Fbvtdmt]mfnkv km[yam¡pI. Ct¸mÄ ChnsSbpÅ FbÀ C´y lmwKÀ bqWnäpambn _Ôs¸Sp¯n hnam\ A\p_Ô kma{KnIfpsS \nÀamW bqWnäpIÄ, sNdpIn-S sFSn ]mÀ¡pIÄ F¶nhbpw hn`mh\w sNbvXncn¡p¶p. sIF-kv-sFUnknbmWv ]²XnbpsS t\mU GP³kn. hnFkvF-kvkn, sSIv-t\m]mÀ¡v, {_ tÒmkv, cmPohv KmÔn C³-Ìnäyq«v Hm^v knhn Ghntbj³ F¶nhbpsS km¼¯nI -kmt¦XnI klmbap≠m-hpw.

C³-t^m-sS-bv³-saâ v kn-\n-am hy-h-km-b-¯nsâbpw tI-{µ-amWv Xn-cph-\-´-]p-cw. cm-{ão-b {]m-[m-\y-ap-Å an¡ kn-\n-a-I-fpsSbpw jq-«n-Mv tI-{µo-I-cn-¡p¶-Xv Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-c-¯mWv. Nn{XmRv-Pen, sadn-emâ v F¶o c≠v- Ne¨n{X ÌpUntbmIÄ \Kc¯nep-≠v-. sSIvt\m]mÀ¡n\ Sp¯pÅ (N´hnf) In³{^ ^nenw B³Uv- hoUntbm ]mÀ¡v- C´ybnse Gähpw anI¨ B\ntaj³ Ne¨n{X \nÀamW Øm]\§fnsem¶mWv-. Ccp] Xne[nIw kn\n-am Xnsbädp-IÄ PnÃ-bnep≠v-. FÃm hÀjhpw Unkw_dn Xn-cp-h-\-´-]pc¯v \S¡p¶ A-´ÀtZio-b Ne¨nt{Xm-Õhw C´ybnse Xs¶ {] [m\ Ne¨nt{XmÕh§fnsem¶mbn IW¡m¡p¶p. tem-I-kn-\n-a-IÄ C-Sw ]n-Sn-¡p-¶ ta-f- tem-I-{]-ikv-X kw-hn-[m-b-Icpw kn-\n-am {]-hÀ-¯-Icpw B-kzm-Z-I-cpsaÃmw kw-K-an-¡p-¶-bn-S-am-Wv. H«p an¡ aebmfw Snhn Nm\epIfpw Xncph\´]p cw BØm\am¡nbmWv- {]hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv-. ZqcZÀi³ 1981- ChnsS\n¶pw kwt{]jWw Bcw`n¨p. 1993- kw-t{]jWw Bcw`n¨ Gjyms\äv BWv BZys¯ kzImcy aebmfw Nm\Â. Xncph\´]pcw BØm\

amb aäp Nm\epIÄ kqcy Snhn, Aar-X Snhn, ssIcfn Sn-hn F¶nhbmWv-.

BImihmWnbp-sS F-Fw kvtäj \pw (1161 MHz) F-^vFw kvtäj\pw (101.9 MHz) ChnsSbp≠v-. CXp IqSmsX aebmf¯nse BZy kzImcy I½yqWnän F^vFw tdUntbm kvtäj³ Bb "tdUntbm Unkn' 2006 P\phcnbn C-hn-sS \n-¶v {]hÀ¯\ amcw`n-¨p-..

X{´]camb {]m[m\yw Z£nW`mcX¯nse X{´{][m\ amb Hcp \KcamWv Xncph\´]pcw.

Z£ntW´ybnse Fähpw henb

\Kc§fnsem¶v F¶ \nebn Xncph\´]pc¯n\v ssk\nIambpw hmbpKXmKX kw_Ôambpw {]m [m\yap≠v.

C´y³ hmbptk\bpsS Z£nW hmbptk\m Iamâ v (SAC)BØm\ amb B¡pfw ChnsSbmWv. ]mt§mSv ØnXnsN¿p¶ KqÀJ sdPnsaâ v, ] Ån¸pd¯v ØnXnsN¿p-¶ kn-BÀ]nF-^v F¶o ssk\nI AÀ[ssk\n I tk\IfpsS BØm\§fpw PnÃbp-sS {]m-[m\yw hÀ-[n-¸n-¡p¶p.

IqSmsX A´ÀtZiob I¸Â KXmKX amÀKhpw ]qÀh-]Ýna \mhnI KXmKX A¨pX≠pw \Kc¯nt\mSv ASp¯v InS¡p¶p.

hngnªw bmYmÀ°y-am-IWw X

-e-Øm-\-¯n-sâ tdm-Uv hn-Ik-\w k-ab-_ÔnX-am-bn ]p-tcm-Kan-¡p-I-bm-Wv. tdmUv hnI-k-\-¯n-sâ BZyL-«w C-t¸mÄ ]qÀ-¯n-bmbn.

C-\n c-≠mwL-«-am-Wv ]qÀ-¯n-bm-tI-≠Xv. Ica-\þI-fn-bn-¡mhnf tdm-Uv ]p-\-cp-²m-cWhpw B-ZyL-«w ]n-¶n«p. tdm-Un-\v `q-an hn«p-sIm-Sp-¯-hÀ-¡v Xp-I hn-Xc-Ww sN¿p-¶ {]-hÀ-¯-\-am-Wv C-t¸mÄ \-S-¡p¶Xv. Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cwþ\mKÀ-tIm-hn dq-«nepw tdm-Uv \nÀ-amWw ]qÀ-¯n-bm h -- p¶p. A-tXm-sS I-\ym-Ip-am-cn A-S-¡apÅ Sq-dn-Ìv tI-{µ-§-fn-te-¡v Xn-cph-\-´-]p-cw h-gnbp-Å bm-{X kp-J-aamIpw. A-SnØm-\ kuI-cy hnIk\ cwK-¯v \nÀ-Wm-b-I-am-tb-¡m-hp-¶ hn-gn-ªw Xp-d-ap-J-¯n-sâ Im-cy-¯n C-Xp-h-sc H-cp hy-à-X D-≠m-bn-«nÃ. _-Ô-s¸-«-hÀ CXn-s\m-cp h-gn I-≠s¯≠-Xv A-Xym-h-iy-am-Wv. a-äv PnÃI-sf A-t]£n¨v sdbnÂ- K-Xm-K-X-¯n-sâ Im-cy-¯n Xn-cph-\-´-]p-cw G-sd ap-¶n-emWv. ]t£, s{Sbn-\p-s≠-¦nepw AXv \nÀ-¯m³ Øe-anÃm-¯ A-h-Ø-bm-Wp-ÅXv. -t\-aw sd-bnÂ-th sjÂ-«À, ^-≠nÃm-¯-Xn-\m  \nÀ-amWw -Xp-S-§m-\m-bn-«nÃ. Xn-cph-\-´-]p-cw sd-bnÂ-th tÌ-j-t\m-Sv A-Sp¯v In-S-¡p¶ sIm-¨p-th-fn- kv-täjsâ hn-I-k-\ Im-cy-¯nepw {i-² sN-ep-t¯≠-Xm-Wv. Xn-cp-h-\-´-]pcw hn-am-\-¯m-hf-¯n-sâ Im-cy-¯n aq¶mw L-«w ]qÀ-¯o-I-cn-¡p-hm³ ]pXn-b Ø-ew Is≠t¯-≠-Xp-≠v.

Pnà A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-¡p-¶ a-säm-cp {][m\ {]-iv-\-am-Wv am-en-\y-{]-iv\w. hn-f¸nÂim-e ka-cw hn-P-bn-¨-tXm-sS PnÃ-bn-se-hn-sSbpw am-en-\y kw-kvI-c-W tI{µw Xp-S-§m³ km-[n-¡m-¯ A-h-ØbmWv. C¯cw Im-cy-§-fn cm-{ãob sshcyw ad-¶v tImÀ-¸-td-j\pw `-c-W-IÀ¯m-¡fpw P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Ifpw H-¶n-¨p \nÂ-¡Ww. kw-LÀ-j-¯n-sâ Øn-Xn A-h-km-\n-¸n-¡Ww. \n-e-hn ]m-äq-cn H-cp ¹mâ v Øm-]n-¡m³ km-[n-¨n-«p-≠v.

A-Xv am-Xr-Ibm-¡n a-än-S-§-fnepw ¹mâpIÄ h-tc-≠-Xp-≠v. h«n-bqÀ-¡m-hv aÞ-ew t\m-¡p-I-bmsW-¦n Iq-Sp-X {]m-[m\yw \Â-Ip¶Xv A-SnØm-\ kuI-cy hn-I-k-\-¯n\pw Z-cn-{Z hn-`m-K-§-fp-sS ]p-\-cp-²m-c-W-¯n\p-amWv. h-«n-bqÀ¡m-hv Pw-Ivj³ hn-Ik\w A-Sn-b´nc {]m-[m-\y-t¯m-sS \-S-¸nem-¡p-I-bmWv. I-gn-ª Im-e-§-fn ]qÀ-¯n-bm¡n-b a-cp-Xw-Ip-gn ]m-ew, 2.69 tIm-Sn cq-] sN-e-hn \nÀ-an-¨ Ip≠-a-\ IS-hv ]m-ew Xp-S-§n-b-h A-Sn-Øm-\-hnI-k-\-cwK-¯v h-«n-bqÀ-¡m-hv aÞ-ew ssI-h-cn-¨ t\-«-§-fm-Wv.

sI ap-c-fo-[c³

Fw-FÂF, h-«n-bqÀ-¡mhv

Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw PnÃ-bv-

¡v 25 hÀ-jw ]g¡ap-Å am-ÌÀ ¹m-\m-Wp-ÅXv. PnÃ-bp-sS ka-{K hn-I-k\-¯n-\v ZoÀL ho-£-Wap-Å-Xpw B-kq-{Xn-X-hpamb ]pXnb am-kv-äÀ ¹-m³ B-h-iy-amWvv. hn-gn-ªw t]mÀ-«v F-{Xbpw s]-s«-¶v bm-YmÀ-°yam¡m-\p-Å {i-a-§Ä D-≠m-IWw. Xn-cph-\-´-]p-cw CâÀ-\m-j-W FbÀ-t]m À-«n-sâ aq¶mw L«w, tdm-Uv hn-I-k-\¯n-sâ c≠mw L«w, sSIvt\m]mÀ-¡nsâ hn-Ik-\w F-¶n-h-sbÃmw Im-em-\pkr-X-am-bn \-S-¸n-em-¡p¶-Xv PnÃ-bp-sS hn-I-k-\-¯n- hen-b ap-t¶-ä-ap-≠m¡pw. tamtWm sd-bn bm-YmÀ-°y-am-¡m-\p-Å {i-a-§fpw D-≠m-IWw. PnÃ-bn-epS-\o-fw km-ä-sse-äv kn-än-IÄ D-≠m-tI-≠Xpw {]m-[m-\y-aÀ-ln-¡p-¶ hn-j-b-amWv. \Kcw am-{XaÃ, \-K-c-t¯m-S-\p-_-Ôn-¨ a-äv Ø-e-§fpw kn-än-bm-bn hn-I-kn-¡Ww. C Fw \Po_v

sN-bÀ-am³, FSn-C- {Kq¸v

tI

-c-f-¯n-se a-äp PnÃI-fp-am-bn Xm-c-X-ayw sNbvXm Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw PnÃ-bn hy-h-km-b-§Ä Ip-d-hm-sW-¶v Im-Wm-³ I-gn-bpw. A-Xn-\p-Å {] [m-\ Imc-Ww PnÃ-bp-sS Øm-\w sX-t¡ A-ä-¯mbXp-sIm-≠m-Wv. hy-h-km-b-§-sf t{]mÕm-ln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Å A-\pIq-e \-S-]Sn-I-fp-≠m-I-Ww. A-Xn-\v {]-[m-\-ambn kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ `mK-¯p \n ¶pw Fw-FkvFw-C ta-J-e-bv-¡v t{]m -Õml-\w \Â-IWw. hn-gn-ªw t]m-ep-Å h³ ]-²-Xn-IÄ D-S³ \-S-¸m¡Ww. Iq-Sp-X ssl-¸À am-À-¡-äp-IÄ h-cWw, sIm-¨nbn sa-t{Sm sd-bn h-cp¶-Xv t]m-se Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-c-¯pw sa-t{Sm sd-bn sIm-≠p-h-cm-\p-Å \-S-]-Sn-IÄ kzo-I-cn-¡Ww. C-sXÃmw PnÃ-bn hym-h-kmbn-I A-´-co-£w kr-ãn-¡p-¶-Xn-\v hgn-sbm-cp¡pw. DuÀ-P cw-K-¯m-sW-¦n tkm-fmÀ ssh-Zyp-X ]-²-Xn-IÄ B-cw-`n-¡m-\p-Å km-l-N-cy-§fpw PnÃ-bn-ep≠v. tUm. jn-_p-cm-Pv Fw

gnªw ]-²-Xn- bm-YmÀ°y-am-Ip-¶-tXm-sS PnÃbn Cu ta-J-e-bn A-\-´am-b km-[y-X-Ifm-Wv h-cm³ t]m-Ip-¶-Xv. P-\m-[n]-Xy hy-h-Øn-Xnbn k-a-c-§Ä A-\nhm-cy-am-sW-¦nepw C-Xv a-äp-Å-h-scbpw hy-h-km-b-§-sfbpw _p-²n-ap-«n-¡p-¶ X-c-¯n-em-I-cpXv. PnÃbn-se Ip-Sn-sh-Å {]-iv-\§Ä, am-en-\y \nÀ-amÀ-P-\w ChsbÃmw ]-cn-l-cn-¡Ww. Iq-Sm-sX PnÃ-bn ]pXn-b ^vssf-Hm-hdp-Ifpw tdm-Up-Ifpw h-cWw. C-Xn-sâsbÃmw I-cmÀ ss{]h-äv G-P³-kn-IÄ-¡v sIm-Sp-¡p-t¼mÄ taÂ-t\m-«-¯n-\v a-sämcp G-P³-kn-bpÅ-Xv \Ã-Xm-bn-cn-¡pw.

A-gn-aXn Ip-d-bv-¡m-\pw \nÀ-am-Ww Ir-Xyam-bn-«v \-S-¡m\pw CXv k-lm-b-I-am-Ipw. \m-Wp hn-iz-\mY³

am-t\-Pnw-Kv U-b-dÎÀ, \m-Wq-kv {Kq¸v Hm-^v I-¼-\okv

PnÃ-bn-se hn-Ik-\w

{]-[m-\-am-bpw aq-¶v Imcy§-sf B-{i-bn-¨m-Wncn-¡p-¶-Xv. H-¶m-a-Xm-bn hn-gnªw Xp-d-ap-J-amWv. A-Xv h-cp-¶-tXm-sS Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw knw-K¸q-cn-t\-¡mÄ hen-sbmcp kn-än-bm-bn-«v am-dpw. c-≠m-a-Xm-bn PnÃ-bn H-cp ssl-t¡mS-Xn s_-©v h-c-W-sa-¶-XmWv. H-cp ssl-t¡mS-Xn s_-©v h-cp-I-bm-sW-¦n hÀ-j-¯n 100 tIm-Sn cq-] h-sc em-`n-¡m³ km-[n¡pw. AXp-t]m-se tZio-b ]m-X-bp-sS

hn-I-k-\-amWv. Cu aq-s¶-®-am-Wv Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c-¯n-sâ ap-JÑm-b amäm³ t]m-Ip-¶ Im-cy-§Ä. ]n-s¶ th≠-Xv km-aq-lyam-b hn-I-k-\-am-Wv. Z-cn-{Z P\ hn-`m-K-§Ä-¡v th-≠n-bp-Å \n-ch-[n hnI-k-\-{]-hÀ-¯-\-§-fpw dn-t¸mÀ-«p-I-fpw X-¿m-dm-¡n kÀ-¡m-cn\v k-aÀ-¸n-¨n-«p≠v.

C-t¸mg-s¯ {]-iv-\w Ø-e-anÃm-bv-abpw am-en-\y-\nÀ-amÀ-P-\-hp-amWv. AUz. sI N-{µn-I tabÀ, Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw tImÀ-¸-tdj³.

PnÃ-bp-sS k-a-{K-hn-I-k-\-¯n-\m-bn hn-

gnªw t{]m-P-În-\m-Wv C-t¸mÄ Du-¶Â \Â-tI-≠Xv. Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-c-¯n-sâ C-t¸mÄ I-mWp-¶ hn-I-k-\-¯n-seÃmw tNw_À h-ln-¨ ]-¦v hf-sc h-ep-XmWv. PnÃ-bn sFSn- hy-h-km-bw X-s¶-bm-Wv C-t¸mÄ ap-¶n-«v \nÂ-¡p-¶Xv. hy-h-kmb§-sf t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n-¡m³ hy-hkm-b ]mÀ-¡p-IÄ Iq-Sp-X ku-I-cy-§-tfmsS h-cWw. C-³-U-kv-{Sn-b F-kv-tä-äp-Ifn-se hykm-bn-IÄ-¡p-Å \n-b-a-hyh-Ø-IÄ-s¡Ãmw am-ä-§Ä h-c-Ww. hy-h-km-b-h-Ip-¸n-sâ `mK-¯p \n¶pw CXn-s\m-cp Xn-cp-¯Â h-c-Ww. P-\§Ä-¡v hy-h-km-bw Xp-S-§p-¶-Xn-\p-Å \-b-§Ä K-h¬-saâ v sIm-≠p-h-cWw. A-SnØm-\ ku-I-cy-hn-I-k-\-¯n Pnà hf-sc ]p-d-In X-s¶-bm-Wv. sSIv-t\m]mÀ-¡n Iq-Sp-X A-SnØm\ku-I-cy§Ä H-cp-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n ]e am-ä-§fp-≠m-Ipw. kn N{µ-taml³ {]-knUâ v, tNw_À Hm-^v sIm-ta-gv-kv B³Uv C³-U-kv-{Sn, Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw

hy-hkm-b ta-J-e-bp-sS an-I-hmÀ-¶ h-fÀ-¨-bv-¡v X-SkamIp¶Xv XpdapJ§fpsS hn-I-k-\-¯n-se t]m-cm-bv-a-bmWv. A-Xn-\m I¨hS{]hÀ-¯-\§fpw \Kc¯n hfsc Ipd-hm-Wv \-S-¡p-¶-Xv. hngnªw XpdapJ¯v \nÀan¡m-\-pt±in¡p¶ Bg¡S Is≠\À {Sm³kvjn¸vsaâ v sSÀan\ CXns\m-cp ]-cn-lm-c-amIp-sa-¶ {]-Xo-£-bn-em-Wv hy-hkm-b cw-Kw. \Kct¯mSv tNÀ¶p InS¡p¶ XpdapJw F¶ {]tXyIXbv¡p ]pdta, A´mcm{ã I¸Â amÀK¯n\pw Ing¡p ]Snªmdv jn-¸nwKvv BIvknkn\pw ASp¯p InS¡p¶Xpw, {]hÀ¯\ £aam¡m³ s{UUvPn§v BhiyanÃm¯Xpw hngnª¯nsâ {]m[m\yw hÀ[n¸n¡p-¶p.

kn-FwUn, tim`nX tkm-fmÀ

sIm

-¨n-bn-se-t¸m-se CâÀ-\m-j-W I¬-sh³-j³ skâ-dp-IÄ C-hn-sSbpw h-c-Ww. \-½p-sS \m-Sn-\v A-{X ]-cn-Nn-XaÃm-¯ sXm-gn-e-[n-jvTn-X hn-Zym-`ym-k ta-J-e-bm-Wv jn-¸nw-Kv B³-Uv tkm-Pn-kvän-Ivkv, F-Ivkv-t]mÀ-«v B³Uv Cw-t]m À«v, ¢n-b-dnw-Kv t^mÀ-th-Unw-Kv, k-ss¹ -sN-bn³ a-mt\-Pv-sa-â v ap-X-embh. hn-

45

dnb FtÌäv C´ybn C¶phsc I≠n«nÃm¯ ]cnØnXn kulrZ k¼qÀW Cât{KäUv {Ko³ knänbm-Wv Xr-iqÀ ]p-gbv-¡-en tim-` sU-h-e-t¸-gv-kv H-cp-¡p-¶Xv. tI-c-f-¯n-se B-Zy- Su¬-jn-¸m-bn \nÀ-am-Ww ]p-tcm-K-an-¡p¶ tim-`m kn-än-bn-eq-sS H-cp ]pXn-b \-Kc-w D-≠m-¡p-I-bm-Wv cm-Py-s¯ {]ap-J dn-b F-tÌ-äv I-¼-\nbmb tim-`m sU-h-e-t¸gv-kv en-an-ä-Uv. tem-©v sN-bv-Xv Zn-h-k§Ä¡p-Ån tim-`m kn-än-bnse 25 hnÃ-I-f-pw hnäp-t]mb-Xv I-¼-\n-bpsS ]m-c-¼-cy-¯nepw {]u-Vnbnepw P-\-§Ä AÀ-¸n¨ hn-izm-kyX sIm-≠mWv. tI-c-f-¯n C-¯-c-¯n H-cp Su¬-jn-¸v hn-P-bn¡ptam F-¶ Inw-h-Z´n-IÄ¡pw B-i-¦-IÄ¡pw Ir-Xyam-b a-dp-]-Sn-bm-Ip-I-bm-Wv tim-`m-kn-än. \nÀ-am-Ww ]ptcm-K-an¡p¶ tim-`m-kn-än-bp-sS k-hn-ti-j-X-I-fn-te¡v...

46

K

Ä^v- cmPy§fnsebpw {_qssW kp¯msâbpw cmPsIm«mc§fpsS CâocnbÀ Unssk³ ssI¿mfp¶ tim-`m sU-h-e-t¸-gvkv {]ap-J {]-hm-kn a-e-bm-fnbm-b ]n F³ kn ta-t\m³ 1995em-Wv Xp-S-§n-bXv. aq-¶p Z-im-Ð-¯n-sâ A-\p-`-h-§-fp-sS ]n³-_-e-¯n-em-Wv ta-t\m³ tim-`m sU-h-e-t¸-gv-kn-\p XpS-¡w Ip-dn--¡p-¶Xv. _mw-¥qÀ B-Øm-\-am-bpÅ tim`m sU-h-e-t¸-gv-kv, I-gn-ª sk-]v-äw-_À 30 h-sc-bp-Å I-W-¡p-IÄ t\m-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n 88 dn-b F-kv-tä-äv t{]m-P-Îp-I-fpw 234 tIm¬-{Sm-Îv t{]m-P-Îp-I-fpw 57.87 anÃy¬ kv-Iz-bÀ-^o-än \nÀ-am-Ww ]qÀ-¯o-I-cn-¨p I-gnªp. F-´m-Wv Kp-W-ta-· F-¶v X-§-fpsS t{]m -P-Îp-I-fn-eqsS P-\-§Ä-¡v Im-Wn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡p-I-bm-Wv tim-`m sU-h-e-t¸-gv-kv C-Xph-sc sN-bv-X-Xv. C-´y-bn 13 kw-Øm-\-§-fn-se 24 \-K-c-§fn km-¶n-[y-a-dn-bn¡m³ tim-`-m sU-h-e-t¸-gv-kn-\m-bn-«p≠v. \n-e-hn 48 sd-kn-U³jy t{]m-P-Îp-I-fpw 38 tIm¬v-{Sm-Îv t{]mP-Îp-Ifpw I-¼-\n-bp-tS-Xm-bn \-S-¡p-¶p-≠v.

tim-`m-kn-än-sb-¶ Su¬-jn-¸v C-´y-bn-se G-ähpw hen-b _m-¡v-th-Uv Câ-t{Kä-Uv

dn-b F-tÌ-äv I¼-\n-bmb tim-` sU-h-e-t¸-gv-kn-sâ Øm-]-I³ ]n F³ kn ta-t\m-sâ kz]v-\ ]-²-Xnbmbm-Wv 2007 Xr-iqÀ \-K-c-¯n \n-¶v A-©v Intemao-äÀ am-dn tIm-gn-t¡m-t«-¡pÅ ssl-th-bn ]pg-bv-¡en \nÀ-am-Ww B-cw-`n-¨ tim-`m kn-än-. a-e-bmfn- C-Xph-sc I-≠n-«nÃm¯ tem-tIm-¯-c \n-e-hm-c-apÅ A-Xym-[p\n-I ku-I-cy-§-tfm-sS Kp-W-ta-·-bp-sS Im-cy-¯n bm-sXm-cp hn-«p-ho-gv-Nbpw h-cp-¯m-sX-bm-Wv tim-`m- kn-än-bp-sS \nÀ-am-Ww ]p-tcm-K-an-¡p-¶-Xv. 55 G¡-dn-emWv Cu kz]v-\ ]²-Xn H-cp-§p-¶Xv. tSm-¸mkv, k-^bÀ, sP-bv-Uv XpS-§n aq-¶v t»m-¡p-I-fn-em-bn 648 kq-¸À e-£z-dn hm-«À {^-≠v A-¸mÀ-«v-saâp-IÄ, 25 kq-¸À e-£z-dn hm-«À {^-≠v hnÃIÄ, F-kn t¥m-_ amÄ F¶n-h-bvs¡m¸w Bdv kv-{Io-\p-I-fp-Å aÄ-«n-¹Ivkv, e-£z-dn _n-kn\-kv tlm«Â, ^p-Uv tImÀ«v, sd-kvtäm-dâpIÄ, sK-bn-an-Mv BÀ-t¡Uv, B-bpÀ-th-Zn-Iv kv-]m, kzn-½nw-Kv ]qÄ, ssl-¸À amÀ-¡-äpIÄ F¶n-hb-S-§nb A´m-cmjv{S \ne-hm-c-¯n-epÅ tjm¸nwKv amÄ, ¢-_v lukv, sS-¶o-kv, _m-Uv-anâ¬, _mkv-¡-äv-t_mÄ tImÀ-«pIÄ, Pnw-t\-jyw, kv-\q-¡À, BbpÀthZnIv kv]m XpS-§n FÃmw X-s¶ H-cp Ip-S-¡ogn DÄs¸« ¢_vlu-kv. tim`m amess¡-äv F-¶ 25 kq-¸À e-£z-dn hm-«À {^-≠v hnÃ-I-fpw 2007 tem-©v sN-bv-Xv Zn-h-k-§Ä¡pÅn X-s¶ hnäp-t]m-bn. k^bÀ 2015em-Wv D-]-t`m-àm-¡Ä¡v ssI-am-dm³ D-t±-

tim-`m-kn-än amÄ 3.2 e£w NXpc{ibSnbpÅ D¶X \nehmcapÅ dos«bn tI{µamb tim`mknän amÄ kmw-kv-Imcn-I \-K-cam-b Xr-iq-cn-se B-Zy-s¯ am-fm-Im-\p-Å X-¿m-sd-Sp-¸n-em-Wv. PphÃdn tjm¸pIÄ, sSIv-kvssä tjm¸pIÄ, ^pSvshbÀ tjm¸pIÄ, Un¸mÀ«vsaâ v kvtämdpIÄ, ssl¸À amÀ¡äpIÄ, tlmw kvtämdpIÄ F¶nhbv-s¡m-¸w G-gv kv-{Io-\pIfpÅ aÄ-«n-s¹Ivkpw, ^pUv tImÀ«pamWv ChnsS Dbcp¶Xv. 1000 ImdpIÄ ]mÀ¡v sN¿m\pÅ hn-im-eamb ]mÀ¡nwKv Øehpw amfn-t\m-sSm-¸-ap-≠m-Ipw. tim-`m -kn-än-bn Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶-h-cp-sS kzm-Im-cy-X-bv¡pw kp-c-£bv¡pw tIm-«w h-cm-¯ hn-[-¯n-em-Wv am-fn-sâ cq-]-IÂ-¸-\-sb-¶v D-®n-Ir-j-W³ sh-fn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. amÄ h-cp-¶-tXm-sS bm-sXmcphn[ B-h-iy-¯n\pw tim-`mkn-än-bn Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡v ]pd¯p t]-tI-≠-Xm-bn h-cp-¶nÃ.

D®n-Ir-jvW³,

tim-`m- sUh-e-t¸gvkv Gcnbm sl-Uv

Ìmen³ t__n,

tim-`m- kn-änsk-bnÂ-kv & amÀ-¡-änw-Kv amt\-PÀ

in-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv. C-Xn-sâ 95 i-X-am-\hpw C-t¸mÄXs¶ hnäp-t]m-bn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. 2017 ssI-am-dp-¶ sPbv-Unsâ 70 i-X-am-\hpw hnäp-t]m-bn-«p-≠v. tim-`m-kn-än-bn-se {]-tXy-I-X-IÄ ]-d-ª-dnbn¡p-I A-km[yw X-s¶bmWv. Im-tW-≠ Imgv-NIÄ I-≠pX-s¶ A-dn-bWw. A-XmWv ]-c-ky-§Ä \Â-ImsX P-\-§Ä-¡v t\-cn«v tim-` kn-än-bn-se¯n I-≠-dn-bm-\p-Å A-hk-c-sam-cp¡m³ Im-c-W-sa¶v tim-`m- kn-än- sk-bnÂ-kv & amÀ-¡änw-Kv amt\-PÀ kv-äm-en³ t_-_n ]-d-bp-¶p.

hm-«À-{^-≠v Su¬-jn-¸v C´ybnse Gähpw ka{Kamb hm«À{^≠v Sujn¸v kap-¨-b-sa-¶ Jym-Xn tim-`m kn-än-¡v kz-´-am-bncn-¡pIbmWv. tim-`m -kn-än-bp-sS {]-tXy-I-X-I-fn F-Sp¯p]-d-tb-≠Xpw B-IÀ-j-I-hp-am-b H-¶mWv 6.5 G-¡dn 13 aoäÀ Xm-gv-N-bn-ep-Å ap-\p-jy \nÀan-X X-Sm-I-w. tI-c-f-¯n-se B-Zy-s¯ ap-\p-jy \n-Àan-X X-Sm-Ihpw C-Xp-X-s¶. X-Sm-Iw ]qÀ-W-ambpw H-cp a-g-sh-Å kw-`cWn Iq-Sn-bm-sW-¶ h-kv-Xp-X H-cp anI¨ _nÂ-U-dp-sS ssh-Z-Kv-[y-¯n-\v sX-fn-hmWv. Ip-Sn-sh-Å-¯n-\v £m-aw t\-cn-Sp-¶ C¡m-e-¯v tim-`m-knän Cu a-\p-jy-\nÀan-X X-Sm-I-¯n-eq-sS am-Xr-I-bm-Ip-I-bmWv. X-Sm-I-¯n-\v kao-]-ap-Å Iq-ä³ ip-NoI-c-W Sm-¦n-te-¡v ]-¼v sN-¿p-¶ sh-Åw A-hn-sS ip²o-I-c-W-¯n\v hn-t[-b-am-¡n-b-Xn\p ti-jw ssl-t{Um- \yqamän-Iv ]-¼p-]-tbm-Kn-¨v t\-cn«v Sm-¸p-I-fn-te-¡v F-¯n-¡p-¶ co-Xn-bm-Wv C-hn-sS A-hew-_n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv. C-Xp-aq-ew 24 a-Wn-¡qdpw ip-²P-ew D-d-¸p-h-cp-¯m\m-Ip¶p. X-Sm-I-t¯m-sSm¸w tNÀ-¶v Ac Intemao-äÀ \-S¸mXbp-ap-≠v. Iq-Sm-sX Su¬jn-¸v ap-gp-h-\mbpw DÄ-s¡m-Åp-¶ X-c-¯n c-≠v In-tem-aoätdmfw Np-ä-f-hn a-säm-cp \-S¸m-X Iq-Sn \nÀ-an-¨psIm≠ncn-¡p-I-bm-Wv..

]-cn-Øn-Xn ku-lmÀ-Z \-K-cw AXym-[p-\nI kuI-cy-§fpw \-½p-sS X\Xp l-cn-X-`wKnbpw kw-K-an-¡p-¶ C-Sw F-¶ co-Xn-bn-em-Wv tim-`mkn-än H-cp-¡n-bn-cn-¡p¶Xv. H-cp Ime-¯v \m-«n³]p-d -§-fn I-≠n-cp-¶Xpw C-¶v Im-Wm³ I-gn-bm-¯-Xpam-b ]-e sN-Sn-Ifpw ]q-¡-fp-w tim-`m-kn-än-bn Im-Wm-\mIpw. Xn-I-¨pw ]-cn-Øn-Xn ku-lrZ \-K-c-am-bn- H-cp¡p¶ tim-`m-kn-än-bn ]¨-¸v \n-e-\n-dp-¯m³ B-bnc-¡-W-¡n-\v a-c-§-fp-s≠¶pw tim` sU-h-et¸-gv-kv Gcn-b sl-Uv D®n-Ir-jv-W³ ]-d-bp¶p.

Iq-Sm-sX F-Sp-¯p]-d-tb-≠ a-säm-¶v 32 ao-äÀ ho-Xnbn \m-ep-\n-c-I-fn-em-bn \nÀ-am-Ww ]qÀ-¯n-bm-b C-hnSs¯ tdm-Up-I-fmWv. A´m-cmjv{S \n-e-hm-c-¯n-ep-Å Cu tdm-Up-IÄ-¡p am-{X-am-bn 11 G¡À Ø-e-amWv am-än-h-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. am-en-\y-\nÀ-amÀ-P-\-¯n\pw A-Xym[p\n-I kw-hn-[m-\-§fpw Hcp-¡nbn-«p≠v.

\m-«p-Im-cp-sS {]m-Xn-\n[yw hÀ-²n-¡p¶p Xp-S-¡-¯n tim-`m-kn-än-bnse D-]-t`m-àm-¡Ä F³BÀ-sF-I-fm-bn-cp¶p. ]-Xp-s¡ A-Xn-\v am-ä-ap-≠m-bn. hnÃ-I-fn 25 F-®-¯n 22 F-®w F³-BÀ-sFIfmWv hm-§n-bn-«p-ÅXv. A-Xn \n¶v tSm-¸m-kn-se¯p-t¼mÄ F³-B-À-sF {]m-Xn-\n[yw 58 i-X-am-\-am-bn. \m-«n-ep-Å-hÀ 42 i-X-am-\-hp-am-bn. Izm-fnän, ^n-\n-jnwKv, k-a-b-\n-ã F-¶n-h-bn-eq-sS P-\-§-fpsS hn-izm-kw BÀPn-¡m-³ I-¼-\n-¡m-sb-¶pw H-cp D-]-t`-m-àm-hn-sâ B-h-iy-am-Wv R-§Ä a-\-kn-em-¡n sN-bvXp-sIm-Sp-¡p¶-sX¶pw Ìm-en³ t_-_n ]-d-bp-¶p.

Imw-s]-bn³

]n F³ kn tat\m³,

tim`m sUh-e-t¸gvkv Øm]-I³

\n-e-hn tim-`m-kn-än-bn Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶ D-]-t`m-àm¡-fp-sS tim-`m kn-än-bn-se A-\p-`-h-§-fm-Wv C-\n ap-X- ]-c-ky-§-fnem-bn {]-Xy-£-s¸-Sm³ t]m-Ip-¶Xv. ]e X«n-epÅ D-]-t`m-àm-¡Ä tim-`m-kn-än-bn-ep≠v.

C-h-cm-Wv I-¼-\n-bp-sS \-s«-söpw A-h-cn-eq-sS-bp-Å Imw-s]-bn-\m-Wv C-\n A-Sp-¯-sX¶pw D®n-Ir-jv-W³ ]-d-bp¶p.

47

{]ap-J PqhÂdn irw-J-ebmb t]m-Ä B-ep-¡m-kv {Kq-¸v dn-b F-tÌ-äv ta-J-e-bn-te-¡v {]-th-in-¡p-¶p.

sIm-

¨n-bn-se I-eq-À P-h-lÀ-em s\{lp tÌ-Un-b-¯n-\p ]p-d-In- t]m Ä B-ep-¡m-kv sU-h-e-t¸-gv-kn-sâ B-Zy-]-²-Xn D-S³ \nÀ-am-W-am-cw-`n-¡p-sa-¶v am-t\-Pnw-Kv U-b-d-ÎÀ t]mÄ B-ep-¡ hmÀ-¯m-k-t½-f-\-¯n A-dn-bn-¨p. 17 \n-ebn \nÀ-an-¡p¶ Ft¡m ]m-c-ssU-kv ]-cn-Øn-Xn kulr-Z A-¸mÀ-«v-saâ v F-¶ \n-e-bn-em-Wv \-S-¸m-¡p-¶Xv. 47 kq-¸À e-£z-dn {Xo s_-Uv-dqw ^v-fm-äp-Ifpw H-cp s]â v lu-kpw Ft¡m ]m-c-ssU-kn-ep-≠mIpw. G-ähpw B-[p-\n-Iam-b {Ko³ _nÂ-Unw-Kv N-«-§Ä-¡-\-p-k-cn-¨m-Wv \nÀ-amWw. {]-ikv-X BÀ-¡n-sS-Iv-äv emen-¨³ k-¡-dn-bmkv cq-]-IÂ-¸-\ sNbv-X Ft¡m ]m-c-ssU-knâ ]-cn-Øn-Xn kulr-Z kw-hn-[m-\-§Ä-¡v eo-Uv I¬-kÄ-«³-kn-bmWv taÂ-t\m-«w h-ln-¡p¶Xv. Ct¡m ]m-c-ssU-kn-\p ]n-¶m-se F-d-Wm-Ip-fw \-K-c-lr-Z-b-¯n¯-s¶ a-äv c≠v-v - ]-²-Xn-IÄ Iq-Sn {]-Jym-]n-¡m³ I¼-\n X-¿m-sd-Sp-¡p-I-bm-sW¶pw t]mÄ B-ep-¡ A-dn-bn¨p. an-I¨ sem-t¡-j-\p-I-fn hÀ-j-§-fm-bn {Kq-¸n-\p-Å dn-b FtÌ-äv \n-t£-]-§-fp-sS Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-Wv ]pXn-b ta-J-e-bn-te-¡p-Å {]-th-i\w.

1580 ap-X 2005 h-sc N-Xpc-{i A-Sn hn-kv-XoÀ-W-ap-Å kq-¸À e-£z-dn {Xo _-Uvdqw ^v-fm-äp-I-fm-Wv t]mÄ B-ep-¡m-kv F-t¡m ]m-c-ssU-kn-ep--m-hp-I. 17 \n-eI -- fn aq-¶v \n-e ap-gp-h\pw ]mÀ-¡nw-Kn-\m-bn \o-¡n-sh-bv-¡pw. B-sI 68 ]mÀ-¡nw-Kv kv-tfm-«p-IÄ D--≠m-Ipw. P-e, ssh-Zyp-Xn D-]-tbm-K-§Ä \n-b-{´n-¡p-¶ A-Xy-m-[p-\n-Iam-b kw-hn-[m-\§Ä, D-]-tbm-Kn-¨ P-ew do-ssk-¡n-Ä sN-¿m-\p-Å kw-hn-[m\w, sd-bn³-hm-«À lmÀsh-kv-änwKv, AÄ{Sm h-be-äv c-iv-an-IÄ I-S-¯n hn-Sm-¯ ¥m-kv P-\m-e-IÄ, FÃm A-¸mÀ-«vsaâp-Ifn-epw Cc-«n D-b-c-¯n-ep-Å _mÂ-¡-Wn-I-fn {Un-]v C-dn-tKä-Uv ]q -t´m«w, s]m-Xp G-cn-b-I-fn-se D-]-tbm-K-¯n-\pÅ ssh-Zyp-Xn ap-gp-h³ DÂ-¸m-Zn-¸n¡p¶ tkm-fmÀ ]m-\-ep-IÄ Xp-S-§n-b-h-bm-Wv Ct¡m ]m-c-ssU-kn-s\ H-cp {Ko³

t]mÄ Bep-¡m-kv _nÂtU-gvknsâ temtKm amt\-PnwKv Ub-d-IvSÀ t]mÄ Bep¡ {]Im-i-\w-sN-¿p-¶p. _nÂ-Unw-Km-¡p-I-sb-¶v t]mÄ B-ep-¡ ]-d-ªp.

Sm-¸p-I-fnepw ^v-f-jp-I-fnepw D-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶ I¬-t{SmÄ-Uv hm-«À bq-kv kw-hn-[m-\-¯n-eq-sS Pe D-]-tbm-Kw ]-Ip-Xn-bm-bn Ip-d-bv-¡pw. kzn-½nw-Kv ]qÄ, Pnw, ]mÀ-«n lmÄ, a-äv hn-]p-eam-b dn-{In-tb-j³ ku-I-cy§Ä, c--≠v en-^v-äpIÄ, hn-kn-tägv-kv ImÀ ]mÀ-¡nw-Kv, t{_m-Uv-_m³-Uv CâÀ-s\-äv I-W-£³ Xp-S-§n-b A-SnØm-\ B-Uw-_-c-§fpw Ft¡m ]m-c-ssU-kn- e-`y-am-¡pw. 36 am-k-¯n-\-Iw Cu ]-²-Xnbp-sS \nÀ-amWw ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡m-\m-Wv I¼-\n e-£y-an-Sp-¶-Xv. Ft¡m ]m-c-ssUkn-sâ \nÀam-tWm-Zv-Lm-S-\-¯n-\p sXm-«p ]n-¶m-se \-K-c-lr-Z-b-¯n-se P-h-lÀ \ KÀ, A-¿-¸³-Im-hv F-¶n-hn-S-§-fnepw ]pXn-b A-¸mÀ-«v-saâ v ]-²-Xn-IÄ-¡v t]mÄ B-ep-¡m-kv sU-h-e-t¸-gvkv Xp-S-¡-an-Spw. hmÀ-¯m k-t½-f-\-¯n t]mÄ B-ep-¡mkv sU-h-e-t¸-gv-kn-sâ temtKm {]-Im-i-\hpw t]mÄ B-ep-¡ \nÀ-h-ln¨p.

h-Sp-X-e-bn \yq-¢n-b-kn-sâ ]-¯ma-Xv ]²Xn sem-t¡-j-\n hn-«p-hogv-N sN¿msX Ip-d-ª hn-e-bn ]-c-amh-[n

-ku-I-cy-§-tfm-sS ]mÀ¸n-S ]-²-XnIÄ \S¸m-¡p¶- \yq-¢nb-kv {]o-anbw t{]m-

48

¸À-«okv, F-d-Wm-Ipf-s¯ h-SpX-e-bn ]pXn-b A-¸mÀ-«v-saâ v ]²-Xn {]-Jym-]n¨p. km-t{^m¬ F-¶ ]p-Xn-b ]-²-Xnbn 864 ap-X 1218 kvIzbÀ ^oäv h-sc hn-kv-XoÀ-W¯n-ep-Å 2, 3 s_-Uvdqw ^v-fm-äp-IfmWp-Å-Xv. 25.5 e-£w ap-X- 36 e-£w cq-] hsc-bmWv hn-e\n-e-hm-cw.

2010 {]-h-À-¯-\-am-cw-`n-¨ I-¼-\n-bpsS ]¯ma-Xv ]mÀ¸n-S ]-²-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv. 14 \n-e-Ifn \nÀan-¡p¶ \yq-¢n-b-kv k-t{^m-Wn 44 A-¸m-À-«p-saâp-I-fp-≠mhpw. aq-¶p \n-eIÄ ap-gp-h\mbn s]m-Xpku-I-cy-§Ä-¡v \o-¡n-h-bv-¡pw. _P-äv lu-knw-Kv ]-²-Xn-bm-bncn-s¡¯s¶ c-≠v en-^v-äpIÄ, tI{µoIr-X ]m-N-I-hm-XIw, kzn-½nw-Kv ]q Ä, slÂ-¯v ¢-_v, kv-\q-¡À tS_Ä, dq^v-tSm-]v ]mÀ-Sn G-cn-b, tU sI-bÀ, 3 s_-Uv-dq-an-\v 4þDw 2 s_-Uv-dq-an\v 3þDw _mÂ-¡-Wn-IÄ Xp-S§n- FÃmhn-[ B-Uw-_c-§-fpw \yq-¢nb-kv kt{^m-Wnep-≠m-Ip-sa-¶v I-¼-\n-bp-sS am-t\-Pnw-Kv U-b-d-ÎÀ \n-jm-Zv F³ ]n ]-d-ªp. dn-b F-tÌ-äv ta-J-e- s]m-Xp-hn- am-µy-¯n-em-sW-¦nepw _P-äv ]mÀ-¸nS§Ä-¡v C-t¸mgpw h-f-sc D-bÀ¶- Unam³-Up≠v. ]-²-Xn-IÄ {]-Jym-]n-X k-ab-]-cn-[n-¡p-Ån¯s¶- \nÀ-am-Ww ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡p-¶-Xn-eqsS-bpw an-I-¨ sa-äocn-b-ep-IÄ am{Xw D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶--Xn-eqsS-bpw BÀ-Pn¨ hn-izm-ky-X-bm-Wv \yq-¢-nbkn-sâ ]-²-XnI-sf B-IÀ-j-Iam-¡p--sX¶pw \n-jm-Zv hn-i-Zo-I-cn¨p.

"a-¸mbn' C-äm-en-b³ I¼-\n C-\n tI-c-f-¯nepw

I ¬-kv-{S£³, _nÂ-UnwKv sa-äo-cn-b-ep-I-fp-sS \nÀ-am-Xm-¡fm-b C-äm-en-b³ I¼\n "a-¸m-bn'bp-sS DÂ-¸-¶-§Ä C-\n ap-X tI-c-f-¯nepw e-`y-am-Ipw. 100%

k-_v-k-nU-dn-bm-bn 63 cm-Py-§-fn-Â 55 ¹mâpw, 1400 Building DÂ-¸-¶-§fpw 7,500 sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-ap-Å I-¼-\n 20,000 S¬ {]-Xn-Zn-\w I-b-äpa-Xn sN-¿p¶p. 21 _n-ey¬ b-qtdm tS¬ Hm-hÀ a-¸mbn¡p-≠v.

Zp-_m-bnbn-epw H-am-\n-epw 11 hÀj-s¯ {]-hÀ-¯-\ ]m-c-¼-cy-ap-Å am-¸n (MAPLE) amÀ-¡-änw-Km-Wv Aw-KoIr-X hn-X-c-W-¡mÀ. sIm-¨n-bn C-S-¸-Ån-bn A-©pa-\, kpc-`n tdm-Un am-¸nÄ amÀ-¡-änw-Kv {]-hÀ¯-\w B-cw-`n¨p. kn-±n-Jv \m-e-I¯v, k-PoÀ ap-l½-Zv Xp-S§n-b c-≠v hntZ-i a-e-bm-fn-I-fm-Wv am-¸n-fn-sâ km-c-Yn-IÄ. Hu-]-Nm-cn-Iam-b DZv-LmS-\w N-e-¨n-{X kw-hn-[m-b-I³ Fw F \njm-Zv \nÀh-ln¨p.

adp-hiw

kzm-{i-bw sIm-≠v \m-«n-se-´v KpWw? H-cp kw-Øm\-s¯ FÃm hn-`mKw P-\-§-fp-sS-bpw F-XnÀ-t¸m-sS

\n-e-hn h-cm³ '`mKyw kn-²n-¨' H-cp {]-Øm-\-am-Wv kzm{i-b hnZym-`ymkw. {]-kvXp-X kw-Øm\s¯ P-\-§-Ä-¡v B {]-Øm-\w tUm. Pn ]n kn F-´p \Â-In F-¶v 12 hÀ-j\m-bÀ, §Ä-¡p ti-jw H¶m-tem-Nn-¡psNbÀ-am³, I-bmWv. am-[y-a-§-fn-eq-sSbpw F-kv-knFwF-kv AÃm-sXbpw {]-N-cn-¸n¨-Xp t]m {Kq¸v Hm^v -se hn-ZymÀ-°nI-sf sIm-Å-b-SnF-Uyq-t¡-j-W ¡p-Ibpw I-¨h-Sw \-S-¯p-I-bpw C³-Ìn-äyq-j³kv. am-{XamtWm C-hn-sS \-S-¶-Xv? P-\-§Ä-¡v H-cp {]-tbm-P-\hpw Cu kzm{i-b hn-Zym-`ym-k Øm-]-\-§-fp-sS {]-hÀ-¯-\¯n-eq-sS e-`n-¨ntÃ? C-sXm-s¡ Xn-cnªp-t\m-«-¯n-eqsS H-¶p I-s≠-¯m³ {i-an-¡p-I-bm-Wv. 2001 ap-X ]-¯p sImÃ-¡m-ew kzm{i-b F-³Pn\o-b-dnw-Kv tIm-tf-Pp-I-fpsS kw-L-S-\-bp-sS-bpw, am-t\Pvsaâ v, sSIv-t\mf-Pn Øm-]-\-§-fp-sS kw-L-S-\-Ifp-sSbpw {]-kn-Uâm-bn-cp-¶p Rm³. C-¡m-e-b-f-hn kÀ-¡m-cp-I-fp-am-bn A-h-Im-i-§Ä-¡p th-≠n \n-c´-cw t]m-cmSn. \nb-aw aqew Cu ta-Je-sb X-IÀ-¡m³ {i-an¨-t¸mÄ A-Xn-s\-Xn-tc tIm-S-Xn-bn t]mbn. H¶Ã, ]-Xn-aq-¶p Xh-W. FÃm-¯-h-Wbpw P-bw t\Sn. sam¯w ko-äp-IÄ¡pw ^o-kv \n-Ý-bn-¡m-\p-Å A-[n-Im-cw kzm{i-b am-t\-Pp-saân-\m-sW-¶v A´na tImS-Xn hn-[n t\Sn. F-¶n-«pw 50 i-X-am-\w ko-äp-IÄ kÀ-¡m-cn-\v hn«psIm-Sp¯p. ^o-kv \n-Ý-bn-¡p-¶ Imcyw kÀ-¡m-cp-ambn B-tem-Nn-¨p Xo-cp-am-\n-¡p-sa-¶pw k-½-Xn-¨p.

Hmtcm hÀ-jhpw I-cm-dp-≠mbn. ]-e I-cm-dp-Ifpw G-I-]-£o-b-am-bn am-dp-I-bm-bn-cp¶p. A-Xn-s\ i-ànbp-àw F-XnÀ-¯p. H-Sp-hn C-S-Xp-]-£ `-c-W-¯n-se H-cp a-{´nbpw B-Zy-Ime¯v Cu taJ-e-tbm-Sp I-Sp-¯ i-{Xp-X ]p-eÀ-¯n-b H-cm-fpam-bn-cp¶ Fw F t_-_n bm-YmÀ°yw a-\-Ên-em-¡p-Ibpw Øm-]-\-§Ä- _p-²nap-«nÃm-sX \-S-¯m-\m-Ip-¶ X-c-¯n-Â- I-cm-À X-bm-dm¡p-I-bp-ambncp¶p. 2010se Cu I-cm-dn-\p ti-j-am-Wv kw-L-S-\-bp-sS {]-knUâ v Øm-\w Rm³ kz-ta[-bm H-gn-ªXv. A-Xn-\pti-jw XÀ¡-§tfm hn-e-t]-item H¶pw X-s¶ D-≠m-bn-«nÃ.

C-¶p {]-iv-\-§Ä a-äp ]-e-XmWv. A-Xn-\p kÀ-¡m-cnsâ \-b-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-am-bn _-Ô-ap-s≠-¦nepw H-cp \ntj-[ a-t\m-`m-hw kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ `mK-¯p \n-¶v CÃmsb-¶p X-s¶ ]-d-bmw. kzm-{i-bw sIm-≠v \m-Sn\pw \m-«mÀ¡pw F-´p KpWw? hf-sc {]-k-àam-b H-cp tNm-Zy-am-WnXv. A-¡-an-«p X-s¶ C-Xn-\v D¯-cw \Â-Im³ {i-an-¡p-I-bmWv. 1. 3000 F³Pn-\o-b-dnw-Kv ko-äp-IÄ am-{X-ap-≠mbn-cp-¶ tI-c-f-¯n H-cn-¡epw X-\n-¡p ]Tn-¡m³ I-gn-bnà F-¶p- I-cp-Xn-bn-cp-¶ 55,000 Ip-«n-IÄ-¡pIq-Sn F-³Pn-\o-b-dn-wKv ]Tn-¡m-\p-Å ku-I-cy-am-Wv kz-Im-cy kzm{i-b ta-J-e H-cp-¡n-bXv. C-sXm-cp sNdn-b Im-cyam-sW-¶v i-{Xp-¡Ät]mepw ]-d-bp-sa-¶v tXm-¶p-¶nÃ.

A-Xpt]m-se X-s¶-bm-Wv a-äp tIm-gv-kp-I-fp-sSbpw Imcyw. G-I-tZ-iw 30,000 tIm-Sn cq-] ap-S-¡n-bm-Wv 400 A-[n-Iw hnhn-[ X-c-¯n-ep-Å s{]m-^-j-W kzm{i-b hn-Zym-`ym-k Øm-]-\-§Ä kz-Im-cy ta-J-e C-hn-sS ]-Sp¯p-bÀ-¯n-bXv. 2. C-¶v 400 kzm{i-b s{]m-^-j-W hn-Zym-`ym-k Øm-]-\-§-fn-em-bn H-cp e-£-t¯m-fw Ip-«n-IÄ ]Tn¡p¶p. C-hÀ-¡-{Xbpw ]T-\w ]qÀ-¯n-bm-Ipw ap¼v sXmgn e-`n-¡p¶p. C-sXm¶pw ap¼v k-¦Â-¸n-¡m-\mIp-¶ Im-cy-am-bn-cp-¶nÃ.

3. 2001Â Xp-S-§n-b-Xp-ap-XÂ C-¶ph-sc kÀ-¡mÀ \n-Ý-bn-¨ ^o-kÃm-sX H-cp cq] t]mepw hm-§m-¯ Cu {]-Øm-\-s¯-bm-Wv FÃm-hcpw tNÀ-¶v am^n-b F¶pw sIm-Å-em-`-a-Sn-¡p-¶-h-sc¶pw \n-c´-cw ]-gn ] d-ªp sIm-≠n-cp-¶Xv. \Ã-hm-¡v ]-d-bm³ H-cm-fp-ap-≠m-

Development

bnÃ. \à A-`n-{]m-b-ap-Å-hÀ AXv ]-d-ªm A-hcpw hn-aÀ-i-\-¯n-\p hn-t[-b-cm-hp-sa-¶p `-b-¶n-cpt¶m F-¶dn-bnÃ.

4. C-hn-sS B-cp-a-dn-bm-sX-bm-Wv hn-Zym-`ym-k cwK¯p am-{X-aà km-aq-ly cw-K¯pw H-cp hn¹-hw \-S-¶Xv. A-Xn-sâ Im-c-W-¡mcpw kzm-{i-b-¡m-cm-bn-cp¶p. sXmgn-e-[n-jvTn-Xam-b s{]m-^-j-W hn-Zym-`ymk-s¯ Ipdn¨v {Kmao-W P-\-X-sb t_m-[-h-¡cn¨Xv kzm{i-b ta-J-e-bm-bn-cp¶p. A-¶ph-sc s{]m-^-j-W hn-Zym-`ymkw \-K-c-§-fn am-{X-am-bn-cp¶p. A-hnsS {]-thi-\w In-«n-bmepw h³Xp-I ap-S-¡n-bm-te {Km-ao-WÀ¡v ]T-\w km-[y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-¶p-Åp. C-t¸m-gm-Is« tI-c-f-¯nsâ {Km-a-§-fnem-Wv G-sdbpw kzm{i-b s{]m-^-j-W tIm-tf-Pp-IÄ Øm-]n-¨n-«p-ÅXv. 5. s{]m-^-j-W hn-Zym-`ym-kw k-aq-l-¯n-se D-bÀ¶-hÀ-¡p am-{X-aà Xm-sg-¡n-S-bn-ep-Å-hÀ¡pw km-[y-amWv F-¶ Xn-cn-¨-dnhpw {Kmao-W P-\-X-bv-¡p-≠mbn. henb ]-W-¨n-e-hnÃm-sX Zn-h-khpw ho-«n \n-¶p t]m-bn ]Tn-¡m-hp-¶ km-l-Ncyw \n-e-hn h-cp-I-bm-bn-cp¶p. ]-W-anÃm-¯Xpw {]-iv-\-a-mbnÃ. kzm{i-b ta-J-e X-s¶ ap³-ssI-sb-Sp-¯v _m-¦v hgn Cu-Sp \Â-Im-sX I-S-saSp-¡m³ ku-I-cy-ap-≠m¡n. Cu {Km-a-§-sfÃmw C-¶p sN-dp-]-«-W-§-fmWv. I-S-I-fpw, tem-Uv-Pp-I-fpw, tlm-«-epI-fpw, ]p-kv-X-I-im-e-I-fpw, sN-dp-]o-Sn-I-I-fpw, _m-¦p-Ifpw, FSn-F½pw FÃm-ap-Å an-\n \-K-c§Ä.

6. C-X-c kw-Øm-\-§-fn-te-¡p-Å hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fpsS {]-bm-Ww X-Sªp. km-¼-¯n-I ti-jn-bp-s≠-¦nepw amÀ-¡p-s≠-¦nepw {]-thi-\w e-`n-¡m-¯ B-bn-c-¡W-¡n-\p Ip-«n-IÄ tI-c-f-¯n-ep-≠m-bn-cp¶p. C-h-cn ]-e-cpw a-äp kw-Øm-\-§-fn-se s{]m-^-j-W tIm-sfPpI-sf B-{i-bn¨p. 2000 Cu C-\-¯n 2,300 tIm-Sn cq-] aäp kw-Øm-\-§-fn-te-¡v t]m-bn. kzm-{i-b tImsf-PpIÄ h-¶nÃm-bn-cp-s¶-¦n C-¶-Xv 15,000 tIm-Sn F-¦n-ep-w B-Ip-am-bn-cp¶p. B ]-Ww C-¶o kw-Øm\¯p sN-e-h-gn-¡p¶p. \-½p-sS km-¼¯n-I h-fÀ-¨-bv-¡v AXpw sN-dn-b co-Xn-bn k-lm-b-I-c-amWv. 7. sXm-gn-enÃm-bv-a-bv¡v i-àam-b H-cp ]-cn-lm-c-ambn-cp-¶p kzm-{i-b-¯n-sâ h-chv. A-Xn-\p ap-¼v \-½p-sS hn-Zym-`ym-k co-Xn sXm-gn e-`n-¡m-¯ hn-Zym-`ym-kw \ ÂIp-I F-¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p. B Øm-\-¯m-Wv ]Tn-¨n-d-§nbmÂ, Nn-e-t¸mÄ A-Xn-\p ap¼pw sXm-gn e-`n-¡p¶ sXm-gn-e-[n-jvTn-X kzm{i-b hn-Zym-`ym-kw \n-e-hn h-¶Xv.

Cu Øm-]-\-§-fn-eq-sS G-Xm-≠v c-≠p e-£-t¯mfw A-`y-Ø-hn-ZyÀ-¡v A-[ym-]-I, A-\-[ym-]-I- X-kvXnIIfn Øn-cw tPm-en e-`n-¨p. ]-tcm-£-am-bn tPm-en e-`n-¨-hcpw kz-bw sXm-gn I-s≠-¯n-b-h-cp-ambn a-säm-cp ]-¯p e-£w t]cp-≠m-Ipw. ]p-kv-X-I I-¨-h-S¡mÀ, em-_v F-Iyp-¸v-saâ v k-ss¹-¡mÀ, an-sj-\-dnbpw A-\p-_-Ô km-[-\-§fpw kss¹ sN-¿p-¶hÀ, tÌ-j-\ dn, hÀ¡v-tjm-¸nepw aäpw th-≠ I¬-kyqaÀ sF-äw-kv \-Â-Ip-¶-hÀ XpS-§n \n-ch-[n t]À¡pw kzm{i-b ta-Je Kp-Ww sN-bvXp. C-¯c¯nepw Iq-Sp-X sXm-gn-e-hk-c-§-fp-≠mbn.

8. C-¶p tI-c-f-¯n Im-Wp-¶ ]p-tcmK-Xn A-Xn-ib-I-c-am-sW-¶v km-¼¯n-I hn-Z-Kv-[-cpw hntZ-i k-µÀi-Icpw ]-d-bp-¶p. B-td-gp hÀ-jw sIm-≠p≠m-b Cu ]p-tcm-K-Xn-bn kzm-{i-b ta-J-e-bm-Wv \nÀ-Wm-b-I ]-¦p-h-ln-¨Xv. 2005 KÄ-^n \n-¶v C´y-bn-te-¡v H-cp sImÃw h-¶n-cp-¶ hn-tZ-i-\m-Wyw 18,000 tIm-Sn cq-]bm-bn-cp¶p. A-¶-hn-sS tPm-en sN-bv-Xn-cp-¶- a-e-bm-fn-Ifn km-t¦XnI ssh-Z-Kv[yw D-Å-hÀ Ip-d-hm-bn-cp-¶p.

2005\p ti-jw KÄ-^n-te-¡p tN-t¡-dnb-Xp kzm{ib Øm-]-\-§-fn-eq-sS km-t¦Xn-I hn-Zym-`ym-kw t\Sn-b bp-hm-¡-fm-bn-cp¶p. A-hÀ-¡v D-bÀ-¶ i-¼-fhpw Pohn-X ku-I-cy-§fpw e-`n-¨p. A-d-_n-¡-Y-bnse ap-Ip-µ-s\t¸m-se-bp-Å-h-cm-bn-cp-¶nà AhÀ. A-hÀ \m-«n-te-¡p ]-Ww A-b-¡m³ Xp-S-§n-b-tXm-sS ]-W-¯n-sâ hc-hv K-Wy-am-bn hÀ-[n-¨p. A§-s\ kp-J-ku-I-cy-§-fp-sS Im-cy-¯n a-äm-scbpw shÃp-¶ ]p-tcmK-Xn tI-c-fobÀ-¡p-≠m-bn. 18,000 \n-¶v 75,000 tIm-Sn cq-]-bm-bn KÄ-^n \n-¶p-Å hc-hv C-¡me-¯v hÀ-[n¨p. _p-²nPo-hn-IÄ ]p-Ñn-¨p X-Ån-b- kzm{i-b ta-J-e-bm-Wv Cu ]p-tcm-K-Xn-¡v ]n-¶n-se¶Xv \n-tj-[n¡m-\m-Im-¯ bmYmÀ-°y-amWv. 9. tI-c-f-¯n-se kÀ-h-I-em-im-eI-sf km-¼¯n-I _p-²n-ap-«n \n-¶p I-cI-b-än-bXpw kzm{i-b ta-J-ebmWv. hn-hn-[-bn-\-§-fn-embn \n-ch-[n e-£w cq-]-bmWv Hmtcm kzm{ib tIm-tfPpw bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-än-IÄ-¡v \Â-Ip-¶Xv. A-hÀ-¡p e-`n-¡p-¶ tk-h-\-¯n-sâ aq-eys¯ A-t]-£n¨v \n-ch-[n C-c-«n-bm-Wv A-h-cn \n-¶p bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-änIÄ Cu-Sm-¡p-¶Xv. C-Xp-Iq-SmsX Cu ]-¯p hÀ-j-¯n e-£-¡W-¡n\v sI«n-S \nÀamW sXm-gn-em-fn-I-Ä-¡v \n-ch[n sXm-gnÂ-Zn-\-§Ä e-`n¨p. F-{X-sb-{X tdm-Up-I-fmWv sa-¨-s¸«Xv? tZio-bX-e-¯nepw kzm{i-b {]-Øm-\-¯nsâ kw-`m-h-\ a-l-¯-c-amWv. I-gn-ª 22 sImÃw sIm≠p cmPyw t\Sn-b ]p-tcmK-Xn-¡p ]n-¶n hy-hkm-b cw-K¯pw a-äp hn-hn-[ ta-J-e-I-fn-epw \mw ssI-h-cn-¨ t\-«-§-fmWv. km-¼¯n-I ]p-tcmK-Xn ssI-h-cn-¡-Wsa-¦n hnhn-[ cw-K-§-fn {]-tXy-In¨pw km-t¦Xn-I am-t\-Pv-saâ cw-K-§-fn A-dn-hp t\Sn-b hn-Z-Kv-[À D-≠m-bn-cn-¡Ww. A-Xp sIm-≠m-Wv 1991 C-´y kzX{´ hn-]-Wn-bn-te-¡p {]-th-in-¡m³ Xo-cp-am-\n-¨-t¸mÄ hn-Zym-`ym-k ta-J-e kz-Im-cy ta-Jebv-¡p Xpd-¶p sImSp-¯Xv. kz-Im-cy kzm{i-b ta-J-e hnhn-[ km-t¦Xn-I hn-j-b-§-fn-epw sa-Un-kn-\n-epw am-t\-Pvsaân-ep-ambn Bbn-c-¡-W-¡n-\p Øm-]-\-§Ä ]-Sp-¯p-bÀ-¯n. e-£¡-W-¡n-\p tIm-Sn cq-]-bm-Wv AhÀ Cu ta-J-e-bn \n-t£-]n-¨Xv. ]-¯phÀjw ]p-d-In-em-bn-cp-s¶-¦nepw tI-c-f-¯n-se kz-Im-cy ta-J-ebpw A-Xn-sâ I-S-a \nÀ-hln¨p. tem-Iw ap-t¶m-t«m-Sp-t¼mÄ \nÂ-¡p-¶n-S-s¯-¦nepw \n Â-¡m-sX ]p-d-tIm-t«m-Sp-¶ kÀ-¡m-cp-I-fp-Å tI-c-f¯n C-sXm-c-Ûp-Xw X-s¶-bm-bn-cp¶p. km-t¦Xn-I am-t\-Pv-saâ v hn-Zym-`ym-k Øm-]-\-§-fn 98 i-X-am-\ hpw C-¶v kz-Im-cy ta-J-e-bn-emWv. Cu ta-J-e C-¯c-¯n Im-em-\p-kr-X-am-bn hn-I-kn-¨n-cp-¶n-sÃ-¦n C-hn-sS C-¶p \mw Im-Wp-¶ km-¼¯n-I ]p-tcmK-Xn D-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-¶nà F-¶pÅ-Xv tNmZyw sN-¿-s¸-Sm\m-Im-¯ bm-YmÀ-°y-amWv. C-Xp Im-e-L-«-¯n-sâ H-cm-h-iy-am-bn-cp¶p. Im-e-¯n-sâ ap-t¶m-«p-Å K-Xn-sb BÀ¡pw X-S-ªp \nÀ-¯m³ I-gn-bnà F-¶ kXyw H-¶p-Iq-Sn sX-fn-bn-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp¶p.

49

Hmt«m-sam_oÂ

CsI \yqkv_yqtdm

kpc-£-bpw B-Uw-_-chpw ka\zbn-¡p-¶ hml-\-§-fn-eq-sS {i-² -t\

Sn-b {_m-³-UmWv thmÄ-thm. 2007 ap-X- C-´y³ \n-c-¯p-I-fn F¯nb thmÄthm C¶v sIm-¨n-bn-se tdm-Up-IÄ-¡v kp-]-cn-NnX-am-Wv. e-£z-d-n hm-l-\-§-fp-sS kuµ-cy k-¦Â-¸-§-sf-bpw, kp-c-£-sbbpw- tImÀ-¯nW¡n thmÄ-thm A-h-Xcn-¸n¨ Fkvbphnbmb F-Ivkv kn 60, F³{Sn seh e-£zdn skUm\mb Fkv 60 F-¶n-h hn-]-Wn-bn hen-b kzo-Icy-X t\-Sn-bn-cp¶p. A-Xph-sc kp-c£-bv-¡p am-{Xw {]m-[m\yw IÂ-¸n-¨n-cp-¶

qw)

-d v tjm

thmÄthm ku-µ-cy-¯nepw B-IÀ-j-Wob-ambn. Cu hn-P-bN-cn-{X-¯n-sâ ]n ³-_-e-¯n Cu c≠p hm-l-\-§-fpsS ]-cn-jv-I-cn-¨ cq-]-hp-am-bn hn-]-Wn-bn-te¡v ]p-¯³ Np-hSp-IÄ h-bv-¡p-I-bm-Wv thmÄ-thm.

kp-c-£ ]-Xn-hp-IÄ¡pw {]-Xo-£-IÄ¡pw a-§-teÂ-¸n-¡m-sX X-s¶-bm-Wv thmÄthm C-¯-h-Wbpw hn-]-W-bn-tes¡--¯p-¶Xv. kp-c-£-bn hn-«pho-gv-Nbn-sÃ-¶ {]-Jym-]-\hpw ]pXnb tam-Uep-I-fn Im-Wmw. A©p co-Xn-bn-ep-Å

-Iv-k -ln F Â U ( m

w 90 e£ `29. h þ v t w hmÄ sI\änI2.50 e£ w s v 60 t Fk v 60 Un 4 k½wþ `3 5.50 e£ Fk v 60 Un 4 k½wþ- `3 m Fk v 60 Un 5 mÄth Fk 0 th 4 6 n £w v k 60 Un £w þ - `43.50 ee£w n e F-Ivk 0 k 5 v ½w - `46.55 `40.

F-Ivk än-Iv þ 60 Un 4 k \ ½wþ I k s n s vkv k n5 U 0 I 6 F vkv kn F-I

hn-e

kp-c-£m kw-hn-[m-\-§-fm-Wv C-Xn DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. te-kÀ A-knÌUv Hm-t«m-am-än-Iv t{_-¡nw-Kv kn-kväw, tS¬ hn-¯v kv-än-b-dnw-Kv sse-ävkv, ssU-\m-an-¡v kv-sä-_n-en-än {Sm-£³ I¬-t{SmÄ (Un-F-kv-Sn-kn), ssk-Uv Cw-]m-Îv s{]m-«-£³ kn-Ìw, hn-¹m-jv s{]m-«-£³ kn-Ìw (hnF-¨v-sF-]n-Fkv) F-¶n-h-bm-Wv Ah.

te-kÀ A-kn-ÌUv Hm-t«m-am-än-¡v t{_-¡nw-Kv kn-kv-äw Xn-c-t¡dn-b \-K-c-§-fn hml\w Hm-Sn¡p-I F-¶pÅ-Xv G-sd {i-a-I-camb tPm-en-bmWv. H-cp \n-an-jw t{_-¡v A-aÀ-¯m³ ssh-In-bm A-]I-Sw D-d-¸v. kp-c£-sb kw-_-Ôn-¨ Cu shÃp-hn-fn ]-cn-l-cn-¡m-³ km-[n-¡p¶-n-S-¯m-Wv thmÄ-thm-bp-sS ]pXn-b hm-l-\-§Ä hy-Xy-kv-X-am-Ip-¶-Xv. 50 Intemao-äÀ th-K¯n k-©-cn-¡p-¶ A-h-Ø-bn t]mepw ap-¶n-se hml\w t{_-¡v D-]-tbm-Kn-¨m ap³-¥m-kn- Øm-]n-X-am-bn-«p-Å sk³-kÀ A-Xp a-\-kn-em-¡p-I-bpw Hm-t«m-am-än-¡m-bn t{_-¡v kw-hn-[m-\w D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿pw.

tS¬ hn-¯v kv-än-b-dnw-Kv sse-äv-kv Xn-c-t¡dn-b ho-Yn-bn hm-l-\w H-m-Sn-¡p-t¼m-gpw, a-e-s©-cp-hp-I-fn bm{X sN-¿p-t¼mgpw kv-änb-dnw-Kn-\v A-\p-k-cn-¨v slUv-sseäpw Xn-cn-b-W-sa¶v FÃm-h-cp-sSbpw B-{K-l-amWv. C-Xp a-\-kn-em-¡n-bm-Wv thmÄ-thm tShn-¯v kv-än-b-dnw-Kv sse-ä-vkv F-¶ k-t¦Xw D-]-tbm-Kn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv. kv-än-b-dnw-n-\v B-\p-]m-Xn-I-am-bn sseäpw Xn-cn-bpw F-¶-Xm-Wv C-Xn-sâ {]-tXyIX.

ssU--\m-an-¡v kv-sä-_n-en-än {Sm-£³ I¬-t{SmÄ t{_¡v kn-kv-äw Iy-Xy-am-sW-¦nÂ

50

H-cp ]-cn-[n h-sc A-]-I-S-§-Ä H-gn-hm¡m³ km-[n¡pw. F-¶m- A-Xym-hiy-L-«-§-fn k-U³ t{_-¡v D-]tbm-Kn-¡p-t¼mÄ t{_-¡nw-Kv kn-kv-äw X-s¶ hnÃm-\m-Ip-¶-Xpw tI-c-f-¯n-se \n-c-¯p-I-fn ]-Xn-hp Im-gv-N-bmWv. C¯-cw k-µÀ-`-§-fn \n-b-{´-Ww sX-än hm-l-\-§Ä a-dn-bp-¶Xpw kw-`-hn¡m-dp≠v. F-¶m CXn-s\m-cp ]-cn-lmc-amWv Un-F-kv-Sn-kn. A-Xn-th-K-¯n-epw kp-c-£n-X-am-bn t{_-¡v D-]-tbm-Kn-¡mw, \n-b-{´-Ww sX-äp-sa-¶ t]-Sn th≠.

ssk-Uv Cw-]m-Îv s{]m-«-£³ kn-Ìw ap³ `m-K¯pw ]n³-`m-K¯pw F-{X kp-c-£ D-d-¸m-¡n-bm-epw h-i-§-fn \n-¶p-≠m-Ip-¶ C-Sn-bp-sS B-Lm-Xw Ip-d-bv-¡m³ km-[n-¡p-I-bnÃ. F-¶m km-[m-c-W Ìo-en-s\-¡mÄ G-gn-cn-«n I-cp-¯pÅ t_m-tdm¬ kv-äo D-]-tbmKn-¨p-Å t{Im-kv _m-dp-IÄ Cu hm-l-\§-fpsS t_m-Un-¡v Iq-Sp-X- _-ehpw kp-c-£bpw \Â-Ip-¶p≠v.

hn-]-vkv hn-¹m-jv s{]m-«-£³ kn-kv-äw H-«p-an-¡ hm-l-\ I-¼-\n-Ifpw hml\w \nÀ-an-¨-Xn-\p ti-jw A-Xn-\p-Ån B-fpI-sf C-cp-¯p-I-bm-Wv ]-Xnhv.

F-¶m B-sf-bn-cp-¯n kn-ssU-³ sNbv-Xm F-§-s\-bp-≠m-Ip-sa-¶-Xnsâ D-¯-c-am-bn-cn¡pw thmÄ-thm-bp-sS hm-l-\-§Ä. F-Ivkv kn 60, Fkv 60 F-¶o c-≠p tam-U-ep-I-fnepw Cu hyXy-kv-X-X Im-¯pkq-£n-¡m³ thmÄthm-bv-¡m-bn-«p-≠v. h-i-§-fn \n ¶pw hml-\w A-]-I-S-¯nÂ-s¸-«m ss{U-hÀ ko-äv H-cÂ-¸w F-XnÀh-i-t¯¡v \o-§n A-]-I-S-¯n-sâ B-Lm-Xw Ip-d-bp-sa-¶-Xv C-h-bp-sS henb k-hnti-j-X-bm-Wv. h-i-§-fn-se hm-l-\-¯nsâ _oapw koäpw X-½n 8 Fw-F½nsâ hy-Xym-k-am-Wv C-Xv h-cp-¯p-I. ]n-³-`mK-¯v \n-¶v hml-\w A-]-I-S¯nÂ-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ A-X-n-sâ B-Lm-X-

¯n bm-{X-¡mÀ ap-t¶m-«p N-en-¡p-Ibpw ]n¶o-Sv ]n-t¶m-«v h-en-¨n-S-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN-bv-tX¡mw. C-sXm-gn-hm-¡m³ Cu tam-U-ep-I-fn ]n¶nÂ\n-¶v A-]-I-S-ap-≠m-Ip-t¼mÄ ko-äv A¸w ]n-t¶m-«p sN-cn-bp-Ibpw ko-äv s_Â-äp-IÄ A-b-bp-I-bpw sN-¿p¶p. C-Xv A-]-I-S-¯n-sâ B-Lm-Xw Ip-d-bv-¡p-w.

kp-µ-cnbmb FIvkv kn 60 H-«-\h-[n hm-l-\§Ä CXphsc thmÄthm hn-]-Wn-bn F-¯n-s¨-¦nepw A-Xnteähpw kpµc³ FIvkv kn 60 B-sW-¶p ]-dbmw.

A{Kkohv ep¡v, akv¡pemÀ t_mUn sse\pIÄ, iàn hnfnt¨mXp¶ tjmÄUÀ sse³, h\y-X \nd-ªp\nÂ-¡p-¶ slUv-sse-äp-IÄ, henb Atembv ho-ep-IÄ F-¶n§s\ Hä t\m«-¯n B-sfm-cp ]p-en-bmWv. ap-t¶m«pIp-Xn¡m-³ Im-¯p\nÂ-¡p-¶ No-ä-bv-¡p kaw.

B-scbpw A-¼-cn-¸n-¡p-¶ Cu cq-]w X-s¶-bmWv hm-l-\-¯n-sâ G-ähpw h-en-b I-cp-¯pw.

C-tX {]-tXy-I-X-IÄ \n-e-\nÀ-¯n-s¡m-≠v Bscbpw B-IÀ-jn-¡p-¶ Nn-e am-ä-§-fm-Wv

I-X. PqWn hn]Wnbnse¯nb hn 40 t{Imkv I¬{SnbnteXn\p kam\ambn SnF^vSn C³ kv{Spsaâ v I¬tkm-fpw DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p≠v.

Bcpw sIm-Xn-¡p-¶ F-kv 60 thmÄthmbpsS ]gb XeapdbnÂs¸« Im-dpI-fp-sS Un-ssk-\n \n-¶pÅ BZyw cq-]-am-äam-bn-cp-¶p- F-kv 60\n-tâXv. thmÄ-thm IpSpw-_¯n-se A-Xym-[p-\n-I³ F-¶p hn-fn-¡mw Cu tam-U-en-s\. ]-e-cpw Fkv 60sb F-kv 80bpambn Xm-c-Xay-s¸-Sp-¯m-dp-s≠-¦nepw F-kvbphnbmb FIvkv kn 60tbmSmWv Cu hm-l-\-¯n\v IqSpX km-ayw. \n-ew sXm-«pIn-S-¡p-¶ cq-]`wKn, D-cp≠ t_m-Un ]m-\-epIÄ, B-sc-bpw h-io-I-cn-¡p-¶ I-®p-IÄ t]m-se kp-µ-cam-b slUv-sseäv, h-en-b- h-ep¸anÃm-¯ {KnÂ, hnkv-Xm-cw IqSn-b DÄ-hiw, kv-t]mÀ-«v se-XÀ koäpIÄ, BÀ¡pw D-]-tbm-Kn-¡m³ km-[n-¡p-¶ em-fn-Xyw, I¬-t{Sm-fp-IÄ FÃmw ssI-sb-¯pw Zq-c-¯v F-¶o k-hn-ti-j-X-I-fp-Å F-kv 60sb Bcpsam¶v t\m-¡n\n-¶pt]m-Ipw. C-{X-bpa-[n-Iw kv-t]-kv D-Ån \Â-Ip-¶ hml-\w Cu sk-Kvsaân D-t≠m-sb-¶p-ÅXpw kw-i-b-am-Wv.

F©n³ hml-\w ao-ä-dn \q-dv sXm-Sm³ 10 sk¡â v XnI-¨pth-≠ F¶-Xpam{Xw I-W-¡n-se-Sp¯m Cu c-≠p hm-l-\-§-fp-sS ]-hÀ a-\-knem-Ipw. 4000 BÀ]n-F½n 205 _nF¨v]n I-cp¯v \ÂIp¶ 2.4 enäÀ Szn³ SÀt_m, 5 knen≠À F-©n-\m-Wv C-Xn-epÅ-Xv. 6 kv]o-Uv kvsä]vt{SmWnIv KnbÀt_mIvkv, \m-ep-ho ss{U-hv F-¶n-hbpap-≠v. F-kv 60 s]-t{SmÄ h-It`-Z-¯n F©n\v 304 IpXnciàn D¸mZ\ tijnbpw 440 F³ Fw tSmÀ¡pamWpÅ-Xv.

th-cn-bâp-IÄ cq-]-L-S-\-bn ]p-Xp-Xmbn h-cp-¯nbn¡p¶Xv. t_m-W-än-sâ BIrXn-bn h-cp¯n-b am-äw hm-l-\-¯n-sâ Kmw-`ocyw hÀ-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. {KnÃn-\v ap³ -thÀ-j-s\- A-t]-£n¨v h-ep¸w Ip-Sp-X-ep≠v. ap¼v {KnÃnt\mSp tNÀ¶v Dd¸n¨ncp¶ tU ssSw d®nMv sse-äp-IÄ _-¼-dn-sâ h-i-§-fn-te-¡v am-än-. tUm-dp-I-fp-sS A-Sn-`mK-¯v t{Im-an-bw ^n-\n-jnw-Kv \Â-Inb-Xv H-gn-¨m h-i-§-fn a-äp am-ä-§Ä CÃ. Cc« FIvtkmÌv ss]-¸p-IÄ \Â-Inb-Xp am-{X-am-Wv ]n³-`mK-s¯ {][m-\ amäw. ]p-Xn-b kvt]mÀ-«v se-X-À ko-äpIÄ \Â-In C-cn-¸v kp-K-aam-¡n-bXm-Wv Câo-c-b-dn-se {][m-\ amäw. i-co-c-¯n-sâ FÃm `m-K-§Ä¡pw Xm-§p e-`n-¡p-¶ co-Xnbn an-I-¨ Un-ssk-\n-wKm-Wv C-Xn-\p \Â-In-bncn-¡p-¶Xv. ZoÀ-LZq-c bm-{X sN-bv-Xmepw £oWw D-≠m-InÃmsb-¶-Xm-Wv C-Xn-sâ {]-tXy

thmÄthmbpsS 60 t{iWnbnepÅ c≠p tamUepIÄ¡v c≠v Uok F©n³ hIt`Z§-fm-WpÅ-Xv. Un4sâ 1984 knkn , A©v knen≠À SÀt_m Uok F©n\v 163 _n F¨v]n - 400 F³Fw BWv tijn. Un 5 sâ 2,400 knkn A©v knen≠À SÀt_m Uo-k F-©n-sâ ti-jn 215 _nF¨v]n - 440 F³-Fw.

\n-dw ssh-{_â v tIm-¸À, {InÌ sshäv t]Ä, ]mj³ sd-Uv, ]-hÀ »q \nd§fnemWv Fkv 60 F-¯n-bn-cn-¡p¶Xv. {InÌ sshäv t]Ä, Ce{ÎnIv knÂhÀ, Imkv]n-b³ »q, Szsseäv t{_m¬-kv, _vfm¡v saämenIv, {InÌ sshäv t]Ä, s{s_äv knÂhÀ saämenIv, ^vfsa³tKm sdUv t]Ä, dnNv Pmh F¶o \nd§fn FIvkv kn 60 e-`n-¡pw.

bq-kv-Uv ImÀ hn-]-Wn-bpw

tSm] v Knb d n ]p

Xp hm-l-\ hn-]Wn-tbm-sSm-¸w bq-kv-Uv ImÀ hn-]-Wn-bpw hnÂ-¸-\-bn tSm-]v Kn-b-dn-emWv. A-Sp-¯nsS sPUn ] ÆÀ Gjym ]k^nIv- 2013 C´ym skbnÂkv- kmänkv^m£³ C³UIvkv- \-S¯n-b ]T-\ {]-Imcw bq-kv-Uv ImÀ hn-]Wn-tbmSp-Å XmÂ-¸-cyw C-´ym-¡mcn- Iq-Snh-cp-¶-Xm-bm-Wv kqN\. ]pXnb hml\w hm§nbhcn 13 iXam\w t]À bqkvUv- hml\§fpsS Imcyw ]cnKWn¨XmbmWv]T\w kqNn¸n¡p¶Xv-.

Ignª aq¶p hÀj¯n\nsS ]¯p iXam\w hÀ-[-\-bmWv Cu ta-J-e tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]-t£, ]pXn-b hml-\w hm-§p-¶Xp-t]m-se kp-c-£n-X-aà bq-kv-Uv ImÀ hn-]Wn. ]-än-¡-s¸-Sm-\pw, ]-Ww \-ã-s¸-Sm-\pw G-sd km-[y-X-bm-Wp-ÅXv. h³Xp-I-bv-¡v hm§p-¶ hml-\w tI-Sph-¶tXm A-]-I-S-¯nÂ-s¸-«tXm B-bm ]-Ww t]mb-Xp Xs¶. AXp-sIm-≠v bq-kv-Uv ImÀ hm-§p-t¼mÄ Ipd¨p Im-cy-§Ä {i-²n-t¡-≠-Xp-≠v.

F©n³ Im-cy-£-aam-tWm, S-b-dp-IÄ F-§s\, t{_-¡nw-Kv knkv-äw F-§s\, F-kn-bp-sS {]-hÀ¯-\w F-§-s\, _m-Î-dn- ]-cn-]m-en¡p-¶pt≠m Xp-S-§n-b-h hn-i-Ie-\w sN-¿-Ww. F©n³ ]cn-tim-[n¡p-¶-Xn\v Hm-Sn-¨p t\m¡p-I F-¶-Xm-Wv G-ähpw F-fp-¸am-b amÀKw. Kn-bÀ am-dp-t¼mÄ i-Ðhy-Xn-bm-\w D-s≠-¦n hm-l-\-¯n-\v km-camb X-I-cmdp-≠v. Cu i-Ðhy-Xym-kw A-dn-bm-Xn-cn-¡m³ eq-{_n-¡âpIÄ Iq-Sp-X-em-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶ hn-cp-X³-amcpw D≠v. AXp-sIm-≠v A-Â-¸t\-cw Iq-Sp-X sS-Ìv ss{U-hv \-S-¯n-bm Cu hn-cp-X-am-cp-sS h-e-bn \n-¶v c-£-s¸-Smw. ]n-s¶ ]p-I-bp-sS \n-dw ]cn-tim-[n¨pw F©n-sâ {]-iv-\-§Ä a-\-kn-em-¡mw. I-dp-¯ ]p-I-bm-Wv h-cp-¶-sX¦n ssa-te-Pv Ip-d-hm-bn-cn¡pw. \o-e ]p-I-bm-sW-¦n F©n³ s] À^-Îv AÃ. sS-Ìv ss{U-hn-\p ti-jw hml-\w hy-¯n-bp-Å {]-X-e¯n \nÀ-¯n-bn-«v Hm-bn tNm-À-¨-bp-t≠m-sb¶p D-d-¸m-t¡-≠-XmWv. _m-Î-dn-bp-sS Im-cy-¯nepw ]cn-tim-[\ A-\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. _mÎ-dn B-kn-Uv am-ämsX Hm-Sn-¡p-¶ hm-l-\-am-sW-¦n {i-²-bnÃm-¯ DS-a-Ø-\m-Wv hml-\w ssI-Imcyw sN-bvX-Xv F-¶v a-\-kn-em¡mw, A-sÃ-¦n hml-\w Ir-Xy-am-bn ]-cn-]m-en-¨nà F-¶p-d-¸m-¡mw. S-bdp-IÄ ]-g-b-Xm-sW-¦n hn-e-bn \n-¶v S-b-dn-sâ hn-e-¡p-d-bv-¡mhp-¶-Xm-Wv. ]n-s¶ hml-\w C-Xph-sc F-{X Zqcw Hm-Sn-bn-«p-s≠-¶v ao-äÀ ]cn-tim-[n-¨v D-d-¸m-¡p-I. C-{X-bpw Im-cy-§Ä ]cn-tim-[n-¨v D-d-¸ph-cp-¯n-b ti-jw hm-l-\-¯n-sâ t]-¸-dp-IÄ i-cnbmtWm F-¶-v Dd-¸p h-cp-¯p-I. C³-jp-d³kv, c-Pn-kv-t{Sj³ t]-¸-dpIÄ, F³H-kn F¶n-h ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-I. c-Pn-kv-t{Sj³ t]-¸-dn tc-J-s¸-Sp¯n-b \-¼À X-s¶-bmtWm sN-bv-kn tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p¶-Xv F¶pw Dd-¸p h-cp-¯p-I. tam-ãn-¨ hm-l-\-aà F-¶v H-cp ]-cn-[n h-sc D-d-¸m¡m³ C-Xn-eq-sS km-[n¡pw

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51

Châv

kµo]v ]n Fkv

`m -hn-bn kw-Øm-\-¯n-sâ hy-hkm-b h-fÀ-¨bn \nÀ-Wm-b-I kzm-[o-\w sN-ep-¯m³ {]m-]v-Xam-b kq-£va, sN-dp-In-S, C-S¯-cw hy-hkm-b ta-J-e-bp-sS D-WÀ-hn\pw h-fÀ-¨-bv¡pw {]-tNm-Z-\-ta-In-s¡m-≠v FaÀ-Pn-Mv tI-c-f kw-L-Sn-¸n-¨ Fw-F-kvFw-C _n-kn\kv tIm¬-t¢-hn hy-hkm-b ta-J-e-bp-sS kPo-h ]-¦m-fn-¯w.

H-tÎm-_À 31, tIm¬-t¢-hn-sâ B-Zy Zn-\w Fw-FkvFw-C hy-h-km-b ta-J-e-bn-se km-[y-X-I-fpw h-fÀ¨bpw shÃp-hn-fn-I-fpw hn-i-I-e-\w sN-¿p-¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p. cm-hnse 9.30Hm-sS Un-kn _p-Iv-kv kn-C-H c-hn Un-kn {]-Xn-\n-[nI-sf kzmK-Xw sN-bv-X-tXm-sS-bm-Wv kw-K-a-¯n-\v Xp-S-¡-am-b-Xv. 2012 B-cw-`n-¨ Un-kn aoUn-b Np-cp§n-b Im-e-¯n-\p-Ån t\Sn-b h-fÀ¨-sb-¡p-dn-¨pw Un-kn ao-Un-b-bp-sS am-kn-I-Ifmb F-Pypt¡-j³ C³-sskUÀ, {Sm-h B³-Uv ^v-tfth-gvkv, a-Wn C³-Un-kkv, ^yq-¨À sa-Un-kn³, F-aÀPn-Mv tI-c-f F¶n-h hnhn-[ ta-J-e-I-fn \-S-¯p-¶ C-S-s]-S-ep-I-sf-¡p-dn¨pw A-t±lw hn-i-Zo-I-cn-¨p. aq¶p sk-j-\p-I-fn-em-bn \-S-¶ kw-hm-Z-¯n hnhn[ ta-J-e-I-fn-se {]ap-J hy-àn-Xz-§-fmWv kz-´w A-\p-`-h-§fpw Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-Ifpw {]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fp-am-bn ]-¦p-h-¨Xv. {]-Xn-\n-[n-I-Ä¡v tNm-Zy-§Ä D-¶-bn-¡p¶-Xn\pw amÀ-K\nÀ-tZ-iw tX-Sp-¶-Xn\pw A-hk-c-sam-cp-¡n-bn-cp¶p. {_-Ò I¬-kÄ-«nwKv saâÀ k-Po-hv \m-b-cm-bn-cp-¶p NÀ-¨-I-fn-se tam-Utd-äÀ. B-Zy sk-j³ tam-«n-th-j³ B³-Uv saâ-dn-Mv F-¶ hn-j-b-s¯-¡p-dn-¨m-bn-cp-¶p.

tam-«n-th-j³ B³-Uv saâ-dn-Mv {]-tNmZ-\w \Â-Ip¶-Xp sIm-≠p-am{Xw hy-h-kmbw ap-t¶m«p-sIm≠p-t]m-Im-\m-In-söpw hn-P-b-]-cmP-b§-sf k-a-Nn¯-X-tbm-sS ssI-Imcyw sN-¿m\pw I-gn-b-W-sa-¶p-apÅ tam-U-td-äÀ k-Po-hv \m-b-À Bap-J-am-bn ]-d-ª hm-¡p-I-tfm-sS-bm-bn-cp-¶p NÀ-¨I-fpsS Xp-S¡w. DÂ-¸-¶-§-fp-sS aq-ey \nÀ-am-Ww F-{X-t¯m-fw {]m-[m-\y-aÀ-ln-¡p-¶p-sh¶pw A-t±-lw hn-i-Zo-I-cn¨p. hn KmÀ-Uv Câ-kv-{So-kv D-Sa sIm-¨u-tk-¸v Nn-än-e¸n-Ån-bm-Wv ]n-¶o-Sv {]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fp-ambn kw-h-Zn-¨Xv. \n-ch-[n {]-Xn-k-Ôn-Ifpw X-S-k-§-fpw Nq-≠n-¡m-«n tIc-fw hy-h-km-bn-IÄ-¡v ]-än-b-Xà F-¶ ]Ã-hn ]m-SmsX Cu {]-Xn-k-ÔnI-sf a-dn-I-S-¶p hn-P-bn¨h-sc am-Xr-I-bm-¡p-I-bm-Wv th-≠-sX-¶v A-t±lw. Ip-ä-§Ä I-≠p-]n-Sn-¡m-sX kz-bw h-f-cm-\m-Wv {i-an-t¡-≠Xv. Xm³ tPm-en D-t]-£n-¨v hy-hkm-b cw-K-¯n-d-§p-t¼mÄ B-Zyw hn-hm-lw I-gn-¡-W-sa-¶v A-ѳ D-]-tZ-in-¨Xpw Nn-än-e¸nÅn HmÀ-s¯-Sp¯p.

A¶-s¯ hym-h-kmbn-I A-´-co-£-am-bn-cp-¶p B B-h-iy-¯n-\p ]n-¶nÂ. F-¶m C-¶v tI-c-f-¯nsebpw A-h-Ø am-dn-bn-cn-¡p¶p. k-hnti-j _p-²ntb-¡mÄ {]m-tbmKn-I _p-²n-bm-Wv hy-hkm-b h-fÀ-¨bv-¡v B-h-iyw. B-ß-hn-izm-k-hpw ITn-\ {]-b-Xv-\-hpw hnP-bw sIm-≠p-h-cp-sa¶pw A-t±-lw.

Kp-W-ta-· Im-¯p-kq-£n¡Â, t\cm-b hgn, tPm-en-¡m-tcm-Sp-Å kulr-Z a-t\m-`mhw, Iq«m-b {]-b-Xv\w, ]-W-¯n-sâ i-cnbm-b hn\n-tbm-Kw F-¶nh-bv-s¡m-¸w {_m³-Uv _nÂ-UnwKpw {]m-[m-\y-aÀ-ln¡p¶p. ]-Sn-]Snbm-bm-Wv hnþKmÀ-Uv {_m³-Uv _nÂUn-w-Kn ap-t¶-dn-b-sX-¶v A-t±-lw {]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fp-sS tNm-Zy-§Ä-¡p a-dp-]-Sn-bmbn ]-d-ªp. Xp-S-¡-¯n Np-a-sc-gp-¯p-I-fnepw _m-\-dn-ep-am-Wv ]-ckyw \Â-Inb-Xv. B-Zy-am-bn \ÂIn-b sNdn-b ]-ckyw ]-{X-¯n A-¨-Sn-¨p h-cp-¶-Xn-sâ, X-te-¶v X-\n-¡v D-d-§m-\m-bn-

52

Lifetime Acheivement Award

ap-Jy-a{´n D-½³Nm-≠n-bnÂ\n¶pw Iym-]v-ä³ kn ]n Ir-jv-W³-\mbÀ, kn hn tP-¡_v, jm-\hmkv (]nXmhv ]n sI A-l-½-Zn-\v th≠n) F-¶n-hÀ sse^v-ssSw A-¨o-hv-saâ v A-hmÀ-Up-IÄ kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶p

kw-Øm-\-¯n-sâ hym-h-kmbn-I X-e-Øm-\am-b F-d-Wm-Ipf-s¯ {Iu¬ ¹m-k tlm«en H-IvtSm-_À 31, \-hw-_À H-¶v F¶o c-≠p Zn-h-k-§-fn-embn kw-L-Sn-¸n-¨ kw-K-a-¯n ]-s¦-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-\v hnhn-[ PnÃ-I-fn \n-¶m-bn \n-ch-[n {]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fm-Wv F-¯n-t¨À-¶-Xv. hy-hkm-b ta-J-ebn-se {]-ap-J-sc BZcn-¡m\pw D-bÀ-¨ tX-Sp-¶h-sc t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-am-bn F-aÀ-Pn-Mv tI-c-f GÀ-s¸-Sp¯n-b _nkn\-kv A-hmÀ-Up-I-fp-sS hnX-c-W¨S§pw tIm¬-t¢hn-t\m-S-\p-_Ôn-¨v \-S¶p

söpw A-t±lw HmÀ-s¯-Sp¯p. kn-ss´-äv C³-U-kv-{So-kv Fw-Un tPmÀ-Pv t]m-fm-Wv ]n-¶o-Sv kw-km-cn-¨-Xv. hn-P-b]m-X \n-e-\nÀ-¯m-\m-IpI-sb-¶-Xm-Wv kw-cw-`-I-Xz-¯n-se G-ähpw {][m-\ L-«-sa-¶v A-t±lw. C-Xn-\v Iq«m-b {]-hÀ¯-\w B-hiy-amWv. DÂ-¸m-Z-\ £-a-X \n-e-\nÀ-¯Â, h-fÀ-¨-bv-¡\p-k-cn¨v Kp-W-ta· hÀ-[n-¸n-¡Â, DÂ-¸m-Z-\ sNe-hv \n-b-{´n-¡Â, D-]-t`m-àm-¡-fp-am-bpÅ sa-¨-s¸-« _-Ôw F-¶n-h-bv-s¡m-¸w Øm-]-\-¯n-se A-¨-S-¡hpw {]m[m-\y-aÀ-ln-¡p-¶p. t{S-Uv bq-Wn-b-\p-IÄ hy-hkmb cw-K-¯n-sâ h-fÀ¨-sb CÃm-Xm-¡p-¶-h-bm-sW¶pw A-t±-lw A-`n-{]m-b-s¸«p. sXm-gn-em-fnI-sf Øm-]-\¯n-sâ XmÂ-¸-cy-¯n-\\ -- p-k-cn-¨v {]-hÀ-¯n-¸n-¡m-\mIWw. sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS B-h-iy-§Ä \n-d-th-äp-¶-Xn\v am-s\-Pv-saâ v X-bm-dm-Ip-¶-Xn-eq-sS C-Xv km-[y-amWv. kn-ss´-äv C³-U-kv-{So-kn sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS IpSpw-_mw-K-§-fp-sS Nn-In-Õm-s¨e-hv h-sc am-t\-Pv-saâ v \nÀ-h-ln-¡p-¶p-s≠¶pw A-t±-lw.

I-b-äpa-Xn ta-J-e-bn I¼-\n {]-[m-\-ambpw t\cn-« {]-Xnk-Ôn I-s≠-bv-\-dp-I-fp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«mWv. kp-K-Ô-hy-Rv-P-\-§fpw aäpw I-b-äpa-Xn sN-¿p-¶-Xn-\v i-cnbm-b I-s≠-bv-\À A-¶v e-`n-¨n-cp-¶nÃ. A¶-s¯ \n-b-a-§-f-\p-k-cn¨v C¯-cw I-s≠-bv-\-dp-IÄ C-d-¡paXn sN-¿p-¶-Xn\pw ]-cn-an-Xn-bp-≠m-bn-cp¶p. -]n-¶o-Sv kÀ-¡m-cp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«v {]-Xnk-Ôn ]-cn-l-cn-¡m³ km-[n-¨p-sh-¶pw A-t±lw.

Fw-F-kvFw-C A-h-k-c-§-Ä c≠mw sk-j\n IbÀ-t_mÀ-Uv sN-bÀ-am³ Pn _m-e-N-{µ-\m-Wv BZyw kw-km-cn-¨Xvv. I-bÀ-ta-J-e Fw-F-kvFw-CIÄ¡v \Â-Ip-¶ hnhn-[ A-h-k-c§-sf A-t±-lw k-Z-kn-\p ]-cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯n. I-bÀ-t_mÀ-Uv {]-Xn-k-Ôn-bn-te-¡p \o-§m-\p≠m-b {][m-\ Imc-Ww b-{´-hÂ-¡-c-W-¯n-\p≠m-b X-S-k-amWv. C-Xv DÂ-¸mZ\-s¯ _m-[n¨p. ssh-hn-[y-hÂ-¡-c-W-¯n-eq-sS-bm-Wv IbÀ-t_mÀ-Uv C-Xn-s\ t\-cn-«-sX-¶v _m-e-N-{µ³. N-Incn-t¨mdv F§-s\ {]-tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-¯m-sa-¶m-bn-cp-¶p B-Zy B-temN-\. ssP-hh-fw DÄ-¸-sS-bp-Å-h-b-psS \nÀ-am-W-¯n\v N-In-cn-t¨m-dv A\p-tbm-Py-amWv. a-®nÃm-sX X-s¶ sS-d-knepw a-äpw Ir-jn \-S-¯m³ N-In-cn-t¨m-dv D-]-tbm-Kn-¨v I-gnbpw. P-e-tkN-\hpw Ipd-¨v a-Xn. N-In-cnt¨m-dp sIm≠v hnhn[ tamÄ-Unw-Kp-IÄ X-bm-dm-¡n ss^-_-dn-\p ]-I-c-am-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-¡mw. I-bÀ-X-Sn-bm-Wv a-säm-cp km-[y-X. hn-e-b¸w Iq-Sp-sa-¦n-epw X-Sn-bp-sS e`y-X Ip-d-ª C-¡me-¯v ]-cn-ØnXn ku-lr-Zam-b Cu D¸-\w {]-tbm-P-\-Ic-amWv. Nn-X-e-cn-¡nsÃ-¶Xpw k-hn-ti-jX. Ip-S,

tam-kv-äv C³-^v-fp-h³-jy {_m³-Un-\p-f-f ]p-c-kv-Im-cw ap-Jy-a{´n D½³Nm≠n-, tPmkvtIm Pq-h-tÃ-gv-kv Fw-Un tSm-Wn tPm-kn-\v k-½m-\n-¡p-¶p

53

Châv

hy-h-km-b-a-{´n- ]n sI Ip-ªm-en-¡p-«nbn \n¶pw s^-U-d _m-¦v F-Iv-kn-Iyq-«ohv U-b-d-ÎÀ G-{_lmw Nm-t¡m (tam-kv-äv tkm-jy-en I-½näUv HmÀK-ss\-tk-j³), Im-äv Fw-Un A-aÀ-\m-Yv i¦À (kv-ämÀ-«v A¸v Hm-^v Z C-bÀ), hm-kp sImtIm dn-tkmÀ-«v-kv Øm-]-I³ ]n hm-kp-tZh³ (F³ BÀ sI F³-{S-{]WÀ Hm-^v Z C-bÀ), B-eo-kv {]n³kv (kv-amÀ-«v F³-Pn-\o-b-dnw-Kv B³-Uv Un-ssk³ skm-eq-j³-kv {]-knUâ v Bâ-Wn {]n³-kn-\pth≠nþHu«v-Ìm³-Unw-Kv & C-s¶m-th-än-hv F³-{S-{]-WÀ-jn¸v), tUm B-km-Zv aq¸³ (slÂ-¯v-sI-bÀ F³-{S-{]-WÀ) F-¶n-hÀ- A-hmÀ-Up-IÄ Gäphm§p¶p.

an-I-¨ ^m-an-en d¬ I-¼-\n-¡p-f-f A-hmÀUv kn-PnF-¨v FÀ-¯n-\p-th-≠n tPm-kv sUman-\n-Iv apJy-a{´n D-½³Nm-≠n-bnÂ\n¶pw kzo-I-cn-¡p¶p.

tUm. dmjo-Zv A eo-an \n-¶pw C-s¶m-th-än-hv Fw-F-kvFwC F³-{S-{]WÀ Hm-^v Z C-bÀ A-hmÀ-Uv k-ap-{Z jn-¸vbmÀ-Uv kn-C-H F-kv Po-h-\pw an-I-¨ Fw-F-kv-Fw-C-¡p-f-f A-hmÀ-Uv sUâ v-sI-bÀ Øm-]-I³ tPm¬ Ip-cym-t¡mkpw tkm-jy F³-{S-{]-WÀ-jn-¸n-\p-f-f A-hmÀ-Uv B-e¸p-g Km-Ôn {Km-a tk-hm tI{µw kn-C-H sI Pn P-K-Zo-i\pw kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶p

B-`-c-W-§Ä F-¶n-hbpw N-In-cn sIm-≠v \nÀ-an-¡m-\mIp-sa¶pw A-t±-lw. kwØm-\ hym-]-I-am-bn 44 ¢-Ì-dp-IÄ C¯-cw D¸-¶-§Ä-¡m-bn Øm-]n-¡pw. kw-cw-`-IÀ-¡v 25 apX 75 i-X-am-\w h-sc k-_v-kn-Un \Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\p ]pd-ta km-t¦Xn-I k-lm-bhpw I-bÀ-t_mÀ-Uv \Â-Ipw. 22,000 t]À-¡v hnhn-[ DÂ-¸-¶ \nÀ-am-W-§-fn ]-cn-ioe-\w \Â-Ip-sa-¶pw A-t±lw. I-e-hq-cn-se sk³-{S I-bÀ dn-kÀ-¨v C³-Ìn-äyq«n-t\m-S-\p-_-Ôn-¨v H-cp CâÀ-\m-jW I-bÀ ayq-kn-bw Xp-S-§m³ ]-²-Xn-bp-≠v. tX§v [m-cm-f-am-bp-Å B-{^n-¡, {io-e-¦ cm-Py-§-fn kwcw`w Xp-S-§m-\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶ a-e-bm-fn-IÄ¡pw IbÀt_mÀ-Uv k-lm-bw \Â-Ip-sa-¶v A-t±-lw tNm-Zy-§Ä¡v a-dp-]-Sn-bm-bn ]-d-ªp. ]n-¶o-Sv kw-km-cn-¨ _n-F-kv-CþF-kvFw-C kn-C-H A-P-bv sI Xm-¡qÀ Fw-F-kvFw-C ta-J-e-bpsS Hml-cn hn-]-Wn-bn-se km-[y-X-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨m-Wv kw-km-cn-¨Xv. H-cp hy-h-km-b-¯n-sâ km-¼¯n-I h-fÀ-¨-bp-sS c-≠v {][m-\ Xq-Wp-IÄ _m-¦nwKpw ^n\m³-kv amÀ-¡-äp-amsW-¶v A-t±lw. Hml-cn hn-]-Wn-bn-se km-[y-X-IÄ hm-bv-]m `m-cw Ip-d-bv-¡m-\pw \n-t£-]-¯n-sâ A-Sn-¯-d hn-]p-e-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn\pw k-lm-bn-¡pw. kw-cw-`-¯n-sâ dn-kv-Iv Ip-d-bv-¡p-¶-Xn\pw sXm-gn-em-fn-¡Ä-¡v C³skân-hv ku-Icyw hÀ-[n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw Hml-cn hn-]Wn-sb {]tbm-P\s¸-Sp-¯mw. tI-c-f-¯n-\v kw-cw-`-I-Xz-t¯m-Sv s\-K-än-hv a-t\`m-h-am-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-¶-sX-¶v ]n-¶o-Sv kw-km-cn-¨ EY amÀ-¡-äv-kv ssh-kv {]-knUâ v cm-tP-jv \m-bÀ ]-d-ªp.

70I-fn-se-bpw 80I-fn-se-bpw a-ebmf kn-\n-a-bn an¡s¸mgpw hnó-am-cm-b-Xv kw-cw-`-I-cm-bn-cp¶p. F-¶m C-¶v tI-c-f-¯n kw-cw-`-I-Xz-¯n-\-\p-Iq-e-am-bn H-cp A-´-co-£w cq-]-s¸-«n-«-ps≠¶pw cm-tPjv. tI-c-f-¯n-\v hy-h-km-b-¯n-\-\p-Iq-eam-b Nne k-hn-ti-j-X-I-fp-≠v. sa-¨-s¸-« km-t¦Xn-I hn-Zym-`ymkw, P-e-¯n-sâbpw ssh-Zyp-Xn-bp-sSbpw e`y-X F-¶n-h-sbm-s¡ tI-c-f-¯nsâ Kp-W-§-fm-Wv. 2020HmsS Hmtcm Ip-Spw-_-¯nepw H-cp kw-cw-`-I³ F-¶-Xm-Wv e-£y-w. dn-kÀ-¨v B³-Uv sU-h-e-]v-saâ v, ssl s]m-kn-j³ am-\p-^m-Iv-N-dnwKv, sa-Un-¡Â F-Iv-kv-]cn-saâ v, ^p-Uv s{]m-k-knw-Kv F-¶n-h tI-c-f-¯n Fw-F-kvFw-C ta-J-e-bn-se h-fÀ-¨ {]-Xo-£n-¡p-¶ ta-J-e-I-fm-Wv. D-¨-bv-¡pti-jw \-S-¶ aq¶mw sk-j³ A-SnØm-\ ku-I-cy-§-fnepw hn-`-h-§-fnepw Fw-F-kvFw-C ta-Je

54

A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-¡p-¶ {]-iv-\-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨v NÀ-¨ sN-bvXp. jmÀ-P-bn-se lwcn-b {^o tkm¬ U-b-d-Iv-äÀ P-\dem-b dm-jo-Zv AÂ- eo-an-sâ hm-¡p-I-fm-Wv D-¨-`-£W-¯n-\p ti-jw \-S-¶ skj-s\ k-Po-h-am-¡n-bXv. C´y-tbmSpw tI-c-f-t¯m-Sp-ap-Å C-ãw A-t±-lw hyà-am-¡n-b-t¸mÄ ssI-b-Sn-I-tfm-sS- kZ-kv A-tX-äp-hm-§n-. a-t\m-l-cam-b P-\-X F-¶m-Wv tI-c-fobÀ-¡v dm-jo-Zv \ÂIn-b hn-ti-jWw. kw-cw-`-¯n-sâ k-´p-en-Xhpw ZoÀ-L-hpam-b h-fÀ-¨-bv-¡v km-aq-ln-I hpw km-¼-¯n-I-hpw ]m-cn-Øn-Xn-I-hpam-b L-S-I-§-Ä H-¯p-tN-tc-≠-Xp≠v. D-]-t`m-àm-hn-s\ B-IÀ-jn¡p-¶ L-S-I§-sf \m-ev "]n' F-¶p hn-ti-jn-¸n-¡mw. t{]m-U-Iväv, ss{]kv, s¹bvkv, s{]m-tam-j³ F-¶n-h-bmWXv. Kp-W-ta-·-bp-Å D¸-¶w i-cnbm-b hn-e-bnepw Ø-e-¯pw D-]-t`m-àm-hn-se-¯n-s¸-SWwþ A-t±-lw hn-i-Zo-I-cn¨p. kv-ämÀ-«vA-¸v hn-tÃ-Pn-s\ {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-¨v kntPm Ip-cphnf tPmÀ-Pm-Wv ]n-¶o-Sv kw-km-cn-¨Xv. B-bnc-t¯m-fw I-¼-\n-I-fp-sS C³-Iyp-t_-ä-dm-Wv C-¶v ÌmÀ-«vA-¸v hn-tÃPv. H-cp]-t£ tem-I-¯n-se X-s¶ Gähpw hen-b C-³-Iyq-t_-ä-dn-te-¡p-Å h-fÀ-¨-bn-emWv. F-t¸mgpw ]p-Xp-X-e-ap-d-bnepw Ip-«n-Ifn-ep-am-Wv ]pXn-b B-i-b-§Ä h-f-cp-I. X-sâ k-tlm-Z-cn-bp-sS B-dp h-bkp-Å Ip-«n-sb-bm-Wv kntPm D-Zm-l-c-W-am-¡n-bXv. Snhn-bn-se Zr-iy-§Ä A-hÄ ssI-bp-sS Ne-\w sIm-≠v \n-b-{´n-¡m³ {i-an-¡p-¶p. sF-]m-Uv D-]-tbm-Kn-¨p-Å io-e-am-Wv C-Xn-\p ]n-¶nÂ. ]pXn-b B-i-b-§-fp-am-bn h-cp-¶ -bp-h-Xe-ap-d-bv-s¡m-¸w F¶pw ÌmÀ-«vA-¸v hnsÃ-Pv D-≠m-Ip-sa¶pw kntPm ]-d-ªp. _u²n-I kz-¯-hIm-i \n-b-a-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨m-Wv AUz. sI ]n `m-tKy-jv kw-km-cn-¨Xv. tIm-¸n-ssdäv, t{S-Uv-amÀ¡v, t]äâ v F-¶n-h-sb-¡p-dn-¨v C¶pw ae-bm-fn-¡v hy-àam-b [m-c-W-bnÃ. C-h X-½n-ep-Å hy-Xym-k-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw ]-eÀ¡pw [m-c-Wm-]n-i-Ip-≠v.

C¯cw Bi-b-¡p-g-¸-§Ä Hgn-hm-¡p-¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p At±-l-¯nsâ Ah-X-cWw. BZy Zn-hk-s¯ NÀ-¨-Ifp-sS k-am-]-\-am-bn kw-km-cn¨-Xv sI-F-^v-kn P-\d am-t\-PÀ t{]w-\m-Yv c-ho-{µ-\m-YmWv. sI-F-^v-kn Fw-F-kvFwC kw-cw-`-IÀ-¡m-bn \Â-Ip-¶ hm-bv-]-Isf-¡p-dn¨pw A-Xn-sâ km-[y-X-I-sf-¡p-dn¨pw A-t±-lw hn-i-Zo-I-cn-¨p. ]n-¶o-Sv A-hmÀ-Uv hn-X-c-W-¯n-\p ap-t¶m-Sn-bm-bn

FaÀPnMv tIcf _nkn-\kv AhmÀUv hnX-cW NS-§n Unkn _pIvkv knCH chn Unkn kwkm-cn-¡p¶p

tam-«n-th-j-W kv-]o-¡À in-hv tJ-c-bn \n¶pw A-hmÀ-Uv kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶ kntPm Ip-cp-hn-fþknC-H, kv-ämÀ-«vA-¸v hn-tÃPv (kw-cw-`I-Xz t{]m-Õml-\w), Pn Ir-jv-W-IpamÀþFwUn, d-_v^ne (ss{I-kn-kv am-t\-Pv-saâ v A-hmÀUv) F-¶nhÀ.

in-hv tJ-c-bn \n¶pw F-_n-kn {Kq-¸v kn-Fw-Un sI ap-l½-Zv a-Z-\nbpw (bw-Kv F³-{S-{]WÀ Hm-^v Z C-bÀ), F-¨v-FÂ-F sse-^v-sI-bÀ kn-Fw-Un tUm Fw A-¿-¸\pw (s{]m-^-j-W eo-UÀ-jn-¸v), {io-[-co-bw amt\-Pnw-Kv U-b-d-ÎÀ l-cn F³ \-¼q-Xn-cnbpw (B-bpÀth-Z F-kv-Fw-C) kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶p

Nm-b-bv-¡p ]n-cnªp. C-S-th-f-bn th-Zn-bn ho-WhmZ-\hpw D≠m-bn-cp-¶p.

A-hmÀ-Uv ss\-äv e-fn-Xhpw {]u-V-hp-am-bn-cp-¶p F-aÀ-Pn-Mv tI-c-fbp-sS B-Zy _n-kn\-kv A-hmÀ-Uv hnX-c-W N-S§v. tI-c-f-¯n-sâ hy-hkm-b ta-J-e-bn-se k-hnti-j hy-àn-Xz-§-fp-sSbpw `-c-W t\-Xr-Xz-¯n-sâbpw km¶n[yw N-S-§n-\p am-täIn. ap-Jy-a{´n D-½³-Nm-≠n-bmWv A-hmÀ-Uv hn-Xc-Ww D-Zv-LmS-\w sN-bv-XXv. I-gn-ª c-≠p-hÀ-j-¯n-\n-sS kw-Øm\-s¯ sN-dpIn-S C-S¯-cw hy-hkm-b ta-J-e (Fw-F-kvFwC)-bn A-`q-X-]qÀ-ham-

b h-fÀ-¨-bm-Wv D-≠m-b-sX-¶v A-t±lw. I-gn-ª-hÀ-jw 25% h-fÀ-¨-bmWv Cu ta-Je ssI-h-cn¨Xv. tk-h-\ ta-J-e-bv-s¡m-¸w ImÀ-jn-I, hy-hkm-b ta-J-e-I-fpsS h-fÀ-¨bpw tI-c-f-¯n-\v ssI-h-cn-¡m-\m-I-W-sa-¶v D-½³-Nm-≠n ]dªp. a-äp km-aq-ly-tk-h-\ ta-J-e-Ifn-sö t]mse hy-hkm-b cw-K-¯pw kw-`m-h-\-IÄ \Â-Im³ k-¶-²am-b Un-kn ao-Un-b-bp-sS {]-hÀ¯-\w A-`n-\-µ-\mÀ-l-amWv. ap-Jy-a-{´n-¡p ]pd-ta hy-h-kmb-a{´n ]n.sI. Ip-ªm-en-¡p-«n, {]-ikv-X {]-tNm-Z-\ {]-`m-j-I³ in-hv tJ-c, dmjoZv A eow F-¶n-hcpw ]p-c-kvIm-c hn-X-c-Ww \nÀ-h-ln-¨p. sF-Sn cwK-¯v G-Xv am-\-Z-Þ-§Ä sh-¨p I-W-¡p-Iq-«p-t¼mgpw G-ähpw ap-

s_-Ìv F-kvFw-C Hm-^v Z C-bÀþdos«-bv A-hmÀ-Uv Fw-BÀ {Kq-¸v sNbÀ-am³ Sn hn ap-kv-X-^ d-jo-Zv A eo-an \n¶pw G-äp-hm-§p¶p ¼-´n-bn \nÂ-¡p¶-Xv tI-c-f-am-sW-¶v Ip-ªm-en¡p-«n ]-dªp. hen-b am-ä-§Ä D-≠m-¡m³ ]-cym-]v-Xam-b X-e-ap-d-bm-Wv I-S-¶p-h-cp-¶-Xv. C-Xn-\v {]-tNm-Z-\]-cam-b ]-¦v h-ln-¡m³ am-[y-a-§Ä-¡v km-[n-¡Ww. C-¯-c-¯n F-aÀ-Pn-Mv tI-c-f am-K-kn-sâ Cu kw-cw`w am-Xr-I-bm-tI-≠-Xp-s≠¶pw A-t±lw. hy-hkm-b h-fÀ-¨-bv-¡v B-ßmÀ-° {]-hÀ¯-\w \-S-¯p¶ ap-Jya-{´n-sbbpw hy-h-km-b-a-{´n-sbbpw A-`n-\-µn-¡p-¶-Xmbn eo-em {Kq-¸v sN-bÀ-am³ Iym-]v-ä³ tUm. Iym-]v-ä³ kn ]n Ir-jv-W³- \mbÀ. B-Po-h-\m-´ kw-`m-h-\-bv-¡pÅ ]p-c-kv-Im-cw G-äp-hm-§n-b ti-jw kw-km-cn-¡p-Ibm-bn-cp-¶p A-t±lw. kn-ss´-äv C-â-kv-{So-kv en-anäUv

55

Châv

{]`mj-W-¯n-\nsS icnbp-¯cw \ÂInb {] Xn-\n-[n¡v inhv tJc k½m\w \ÂIp-¶p.

{i-²m-tI-{µ-am-bn tUm. dm-jn-Zv AÂ -eow _n-

Øm-]-I³ kn hn tP-¡ºpw ]o-sI {Kq-¸v Øm-]-I³ ]n sI A-l-½Zpw B-Po-h-\m-´ kw-`m-h-\-bv-¡p-Å ]p-c-kv-Im-c-§-Ä G-äp-hm-§n. a-äp ]p-c-kv-Im-c-§Ä: anI¨ bp-h-kw-cw-`I³þ sI ap-l½-Zv a-Z\n (F-_n-kn {Kq¸v Hm-^v I-¼-\o-kv), an-I-¨ Ip-Spw-_ D-S-a-Ø-X-bn-ep-Å I-¼\nþ kn-PnF-¨v FÀ-¯v {Kq-¸v, t\-Xr-Xz an-Ihvþ Fw A-¿-¸³ (F-¨vFÂ-F- sse-^v sI-bÀ sN-bÀ-am³), an-I-¨ Fw-FkvFw-C kw-cw`wþ sUâ v-sI-bÀ sUâ em-_v ss{] h-äv en-an-ä-Uv, anI¨ kw-cw-`I-Xz t{]m-Õm-l\wþ kv-ämÀ-«vA-¸v hn-tÃ-Pv sIm¨n, Fw-F-kvFw-C cwKs¯ \q-X-\ kw-cw-`wþ tUm. F-kv Poh³ (k-ap-{Z jn-¸vbmÀ-Uv), km-aq-ly-tk-h-\ ta-J-e-bn-se an-I-¨ kw-cw`wþ Km-Ôn kv-am-c-I tk-hm tI{µw B-e-¸p-g, {]-hm-kn a-e-bm-fn-I-fn-se kw-cw-`I³þ tUm. ]-cta-izc-Xv hm-kp-tZh³ (hm-kp tImtIm dn-tkmÀ-«vkv ss{]h-äv en-an-ä-Uv), an-I-¨ ss{I-kn-kv am-s\-Pvsaâ vþPn Ir-jv-W-Ip-amÀ d-_v-^n-em CâÀ-\m-j-W Fw-Un), \q-X-\hpw th-dn-«p \nÂ-¡p-¶-Xpam-b kwcw`wþ Bâ-Wn {]n³kv (kv-amÀ-«v F³-Pn-\o-b-dnwKv B³-Uv Un-ssk³ sk-meq-j³-kv en-anä-Uv), B-tcmKy ]-cn-]m-e-\ kw-cw-`-¯n-\p-Å ^yq-¨À sa-Un-kn³ A-hmÀ-Uvþ tUm. B-km-Zv aq-¸³ (Un-Fw slÂ-¯v sI-bÀ), km-aq-ly {]-Xn-_-²-X-bp-Å Øm-]\wþ s^U-d _m-¦v B-ep-h, NnÃ-d hym]m-c ta-J-e-bn-se Fw-F-kvFw-C kw-cw`wþ Fw-BÀ {Kq-¸v, B-bpÀ-thZ-ta-J-e-bn an-I-¨ Kp-W-ta-· ]p-eÀ-¯p-¶ Fw-FkvFw-C kw-cw`wþ {io-[-co-bw B-bpÀ-th-Z, an-I-¨ ÌmÀ-«vA¸vþ Iym-äv FâÀ-sS-bv³-saâ vkv. knsF-sF tI-cf sNbÀam³ kn sP tPmÀ-Pv, G-jym-s\-äv \yqkv amÀ-¡-änw-Kv slUv {^m-¦v ]n tXm-akv, ssS tI-cf {]kn-Uâ v tPm¬-t]mÄ, Un-kn _p-Iv-kv knCH c-hn Un-kn F-¶n-hÀ N-S-§n ]-s¦Sp-¯p. N-S-§n-t\m-S-\p-_-Ôn-¨v kw-L-Sn-¸n-¨ {]-ikv-X C-S-bv-¡ hn-Zzm³ lcn-tKm-hnµ-sâ I-t¨-cn A-¯m-g¯n-s\m-¸w an-I-¨ H-cp kwKo-Xhn-cp-¶v Iq-Sn {]-Xn-\n[n-IÄ-¡v \Â-In.

\m-h-iy-amb priority skill B-Wv ]n-s¶ th-≠Xvþ inhv-tJ-c ]-dªp. _n-kn-\-Ên X-{´-§-tf-¡mÄ Nn-e A-SnØm-\ aq-ey-§fpw {]m-[m-\y-aÀ-ln-¡p-¶p≠v.

X-{´-§Ä -Ir-{Xn-a-am-bn \n-b-{´n-¡m-\m-Ip-¶-Xm-sW¦n aq-ey-§Ä \-½p-sS A-SnØm-\ [mÀ-an-I-X-bp-sS {]-iv-\-am-Wv. t]m-kn-än-hv am-\-kn-Im-h-Ø F¶-Xv H-cn¡epw IÀ-a-¯n-\p ]-Ic-- -am-hnÃ. Np-äp-ap-Å Im-cy§-sf A-h-Wn-¨v i-cn-bm-b \n-e-]m-Sv ]-d-bm³ X-¿m-dm-Im¯-h-cpsS k-Xy-k-Ô-X ^-ew-sN-¿p-¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡nÃ. {]-Xn-\n-[n-I-tfm-Sv tNm-Zy-§-fp-¶-bn¨pw hn-i-Zo-I-c-W§Ä ]-d-bn-¸n-¨p-am-Wv A-t±-lw ap-t¶m-«p t]m-bXv. t{]m-Õm-l-\-am-bn \n-ch-[n k-½m-\-§Ä \Â-Im\pw in-hv tJ-c a-d-¶nÃ. Pohn-X e£yw F-§n-s\ {I-a-s¸Sp-¯-W-sa-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨pw A-t±-lw amÀ-K \nÀtZ-iw \ÂIn. ]-cm-P-b-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn-¡m-\m-bn {i-an-¡p¶Xpw hn-P-bn-¡m-\m-bn {i-an-¡p-¶Xpw c-≠mWv. Ir-Xyam-b sUUv-sse\pw B-£³¹m-t\mSpw Iq-Sn icnbm-b Zn-i-bn \-S-¸m-t¡-≠-Xm-Wv e-£yw. SMART F-¶ hm¡p-sIm-≠v H-cp i-cnbm-b e-£y-s¯ A-S-bmf-s¸-Sp-¯mw. time bounded F-¶o Kp-W-§-fm-Wv CXp-sIm-≠v kq-Nn¸n-¡p-¶-Xv A-t±-lw ]-dªp.

D-¨I-gn-ªv B-i-b-hn-\n-a-b-¯n-sâ hnhn-[ X-e-§sf {]-Xn-]m-Zn-¨p sIm-≠m-Wv in-hv tJ-c {]-`mj-Ww B-cw-`n-¨Xv. shdpw Ggv i-X-am-\w B-i-b hn-\na-bw am-{X-am-Wv hm-¡p-I-fn-eq-sS km-[y-am-I-p-¶-Xv. 55% B-

FaÀPnMv tIcf _nkn-\kv tIm¬t¢hv thZnbn lwcn-b {^o tkm¬ Ub-d-IvSÀ P\-d tUm. dmjoZv A eoan\v inhv tJc D]-lmcw \ÂIp-¶p.

Get ready folks

\n-§Ä¡pw hn¡mw F-¶ hn-Jym-X s_-kv-äv skÃ-dn-eq-sS tem-I {]-i-kv-X\m-b in-hv-tJ-c-bp-sS {]-tNm-Z-\ {]-`m-j-W-am-bn-cp¶p tIm¬-t¢-hn-sâ c≠mw Zn\w. hm-IvNm-Xp-cn-bn-eq-sSbpw A-\p-`-h]mT-§fn-eq-sS-bpw Nn-´-bp-sSbpw a-t\m-`m-h-¯n-sâbpw ]p-Xp-h-gn-I-fn-te-¡v A-t±-lw {]-Xn-\n-[n-I-sf \-bn¨p.

BÀ-¡pw a-säm-cm-sf {]-tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn hn-P-bn¡m-\m-In-sÃ-¶p ]-d-ªpsIm-≠m-bn-cp-¶p A-t±-lw Xp-S-§n-bXv. FÃm-hcpw kz-bw {]-tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\v t{]-c-W \Â-Im³ am-{X-am-Wv a-säm-cmÄ-¡v km-[n¡pI. hn-P-b-¯n-sâ B-[m-c-am-bn aq¶p I-gn-hp-I-fmWv (skills) \n-§Ä-¡v th-≠Xv. People skill- P-\§-sf ssI-Im-cyw sN-¿p-¶-Xn\pw \n-b-{´n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ap-Å I-gn-hm-WnXv. hn-izm-k-am-Wv C-hn-sS {]-[m-\w. Po-hnX-¯n kv-t\-l-s¯-¡mÄ {]m-[m-\y-aÀ-ln-¡p¶-Xv hn-izm-k-am-sW-¶p Rm³ ]-d-bpw. hy-àn-]-c-am-bn am-ä-§Ä kw-`-hn-¡m-¯ A-Sn-Øm-\ aq-ey-am-WXv. Selling skill- H-cp DÂ-¸-¶-¯-n-sâ B-i-b cq-]o-Ic-Ww ap-X hn-]W-\w h-sc {i-² ]-Xn-¸n-t¡-≠ ta-J-ebm-Wv. B-h-iy-§-fp-sS ap³K-W-\ \n-Ý-bn-¡p-¶-Xn-

56

kn\-kv tIm¬-t¢-hn-sâ c-≠p-Zn-h-k-s¯-bpw kPo-h km-¶n-[y-am-bn-cp-¶p tUm. dm-jo-Zv A -eow. jmÀ-P-bn-se lwcn-b {^o tkm¬ Ub-d-IvSÀ P-\-demb A-t±-l-¯n-sâ hm-¡p-I-fm-bn-cp-¶p B-Zy Zn-hk-s¯ NÀ-¨-I-fn-se ap-Jy B-IÀ-j-Wob-X. sIm¨p \À-a kw-`m-j-W-§fpw Ip-Spw-_ hn-ti-j-§-fpw ] d-ªv NÀ-¨-I-fp-sS Ku-c-h-s¯ e-fn-X-am-¡n A-hX-cn-¸n-¨ A-t±l-s¯ kZ-kv \-¶m-bn B-kz-Zn¨p. hy-hkm-b hn-I-k-\-¯n-sâ hnhn-[ L-«§-sf k-c-fam-¡n-bm-Wv A-t±-lw A-h-X-cn-¸n-¨Xv. C-´y-tbmSpw tI-c-f-t¯m-Sp-ap-Å X-sâ k-hnti-j A-Sp-¸-s¯¡p-dn-¨v hn-h-cn-¡m\pw A-t±-l-w a-d-¶nÃ. A-hmÀ-Uv ss\-än kw-km-cn¡-th hn-Jym-X {]-`m-j-I³ in-hv -tJ-cbpw dm-joZn-s\-¡p-dn-¨v hm-Nm-e-\mbn. jmÀ-P-bn A-t±-l-¯nsâ Hm-^okn-se¯n-b X-¶n 20 an-\päv sIm-≠v H-cp kw-cw-`w Xp-S-§m-\p-Å t{]-c-W-bp-WÀ-¯m³ dmjoZn-\m-bn-sb-¶v in-hv tJc A\p-kv-a-cn-¨p. c≠mw Zn-\-¯nse in-h-tJ-c-bp-sS {]-`m-j-W th-Znbpw C-cp-hÀ-¡p-an-S-bn-se _-Ôw hyà-am-¡p-¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p. in-hv -tJ-c-bv¡v ]p-c-kvIm-cw \Â-Ip-¶-Xn-sâ Np-a-X-ebp-am-sb¯n-b dm-joZv A eow hy-àn-]-cam-bn a-säm-cp k-½m\w Iq-Sn \Â-In-bmWv a-S-§n-bXv. inhv tJc Xncn¨pw At±-l-¯n\v D]lmcw \ÂIn. th-Zn-¡p ]p-d¯pw dm-jo-Zv {i-²m-tI{µ-am-bn-cp¶p. tIm¬-t¢hn-t\m-S-\p-_-Ôn-¨v H-cp¡n-b kv-äm-fp-I-fnepw A-t±lw k-µÀ-i-\w \-S-¯n. hy-h-kmb -{]-Xn\n[nIfpw am-[y-a-{]-hÀ-¯-I-cp-apĸ-sS ]-cnN-b-s¸-Sm-s\-¯n-b-hÀ-s¡Ãmw A-t±-lw ku-ay-\m-bn a-dp]-Sn \ÂIn.

i-b-hn-\n-a-bhpw `m-h-§-fn-eq-sSbpw i-co-c-`m-j-bn-eq-sSbp-amWv. hm-¡p-I-fn-epw i-co-c-`m-j-bnepw ssh-cp[yw tXm¶p-t¼mÄ hn-izm-k-tbm-Ky-am-bXv i-co-c`m-j-bmWv. Fs-´-¶m i-co-c`m-j Iq-Sp-X-embpw \n-b-{´-W§Ä-¡-Xo-X-amWv. ]-Ww k-¼m-Zn¡p-I am-{X-aà Pohn-X hn-P-b-¯n-sâ e£-Ww. kz-bw A-dn-hp t\-Sm\pw Xn-cp-¯m\pw A-¨S-¡w ]p-eÀ-¯m\pw io-en-t¡-≠-Xp≠v. A-Ô-hn-izm-k-§Ä¡pw Aan-X a-X-hn-izm-k-§Ä¡pw F-Xncm-b X-sâ \n-e-]m-Spw in-hv tJ-c hy-à-am¡n. kz-bw kw-Xr-]v-X-am-Ip-¶

G-Im-´-X hn-P-bn-I-sf-tS-Xm-sW¶pw F-¶m H-ä-s¸-S a-säm-cp A-h-Ø-bm-sW-¶pw A-t±-lw HmÀ-an-¸n-¨p.

H-cp am-k-¯n-\p-Ån ssI-h-cn-¡m-\m-Ip-¶ H-cp e-£yw \n-Ý-bn-¡m³ {]-Xn-\n-[n-I-Ä-¡p \Â-In-bm-Wv A-t±-lw {]-`m-j-W-¯n-sâ A-h-km-\-¯n-te-¡p I-S¶Xv. e-£ys¯-¡p-dn-¨v kzbw HmÀ-an-¸n-¡p-¶ X-c-¯n H-cp I-s¯-gp-Xn kz-´w hn-em-k-hp-sa-gp-Xn {]-Xn-\n-[n-IÄ A-t±l-¯n-\p ssI-amdn.

H-cp am-k-¯n-\p ti-jw \n-§-fp-sS e-£ys¯ HmÀan-¸n-¨v \n-§-fp-sS X-s¶ I-¯v tX-Sn-sb-¯p-sa-¶v Dd-¸p \Â-In-bm-Wv in-hv tJ-c a-S-§n-bXv.

BtcmKyw

e£van \mcm-b-W³

tI cf¯n Iym³kÀ tcm KnIfpsS F®w h³tXmXnÂ

hÀ[n¡p¶p. BtcmKyhIp¸n-sâ kÀth {]Imcw Ignª 30 hÀj¯n 200 iXam\¯nsâ hÀ[\hm-Wv Iym³kÀ tcmKnIfpsS F®¯n kw-Øm\¯p≠mbXv. P\nXIhpw ] mc¼cyhpamb At\Iw LSI§Ä CXn\p ]n¶n Ds≠¦nepw PohnXssienbn h¶n«pÅ {]ISamb hyXnbm\§Ä Xs¶bmWv AÀ_pZw tIcf¯n thcpd¸n¡p¶Xn\pÅ {][m\ ImcWambn sshZyimkv{Xw Nq≠n¡m«p¶Xv. 2011 BWv kwØm\-¯v Iym³kÀ tcm-KnIÄ hÀ-[n-¡p¶Xv BZyambn BtcmKy hIp¸nsâ {i-²bnÂ-s]-Sp-¶-Xv. B hÀjw kÀ¡mÀ IW¡p {]Imcw 14,000 ]pXnb tIkpIÄ cPnÌÀ sN¿s¸«p.

Iym³kÀ XSbp¶Xn\pw ap³Iq«n Is≠¯p¶Xn\pambn \nch[n saUn¡Â ]²XnIÄ kÀ¡mÀ cq]o Icns¨¦nepw, AsXm¶pw e£yw I≠nà F¶-Xn-sâ sX-fn-hm-bn-cp¶pXpSÀhÀj§fn dnt¸mÀ«v- sN¿s¸« tcm-Kn-I-fp-sS F-®-¯n-epp≠m-b hÀ[\.

Cu hÀjw CXphsc, kwØm\ s¯ hnhn-[ Iym³kÀ Bip] {XnIfnembn Ace£¯n ]cw

BfpIÄ-¡v Iym³kÀ ØncoIcn¨p Ignªp. Xncph\´]pcw doPy-W Iym³kÀ skâÀ, ae_mÀ Iym³kÀ skâÀ XpS§nb {][m\ tcmK \nÀ Wb tI{µ§fnemWv Iq-Sp-Xembpw tIkpIÄ dnt¸mÀ«v- sN¿s¸Sp¶Xv. tcm-K_m-[n-Xcmbn F-¯p-¶-h-cnte-sdbpw kv{XoI-fm-Wv. Ignª 10 hÀj§Ä¡pÅn kvX-\mÀ_pZ \n c¡n tIcf¯n 50 iX-am\w hÀ-[\-hp≠mbn«p≠v. aäp hn`m-Kw Iym³kdpIfpsS \nc¡pw hyXykvXaÃ. kvX-\mÀ_pZw Cu hÀjw 28.11% hÀ[n¨t¸mÄ, ssXtdmbn-Uv Iym³kÀ 13.25% hÀ[n¨p. 65 hbkn\p apIfn kvX-\mÀ_pZ _m[nXcmbhcpsS \n c¡v 28% BWv. F-¶m hb\mSv HgnsIbpÅ PnÃIfn ]p-IbneP\y Iym³kÀ 39% Ipdªn«p-≠v. ] t£ sam¯w IWs¡Sp¡pt¼mÄ hb\m«nÂ; {]-tXyIn¨v BZnhmkn DucpIfn Iym³kÀ \nc¡v hfsc DbÀ¶n«p≠v. ssXtdmbn-Uv Iym³kÀ {][m\am bpw s]¬Ip«nIfnemWv I≠phcp¶Xv. kwØm\¯v G-ähpa[nIw ssXtdmbnUv Iym³kÀ tIkpIÄ dnt¸mÀ«vsN¿s¸«n-cn¡p¶Xv Xncph\´]pcw PnÃbnemWv. Gähpw Ipdhv ae¸pdw PnÃbn-epw. a[ytIcf¯n am{Xw 63.3

iXam\¯nsâ hÀ[\ tcmKnIfpsS F®¯n D≠mbn«p≠v. hS¡³ tIcf¯n 19.7% am{XamWv hÀ[\ F¶Xv BizmkIcamWv. 1998 11.2% Bbncp¶ izm-ktImi AÀ_pZw 2013 Bbt¸mÄ 19% Bbn hÀ[n¨n«p≠v. {] XnZn-\w \q-dp-I-W-¡n-\v B-fp-I-fm-Wv Iym³kÀ ØncoIcW¯n\mbn doPyW Iym³kÀ skâ-dn-se-¯p-¶Xv.

F´psIm-≠v Iym³kÀ hÀ[n¡p¶p? kwØm\ BtcmKyhIp¸nsâ hniZoIcWw A\pkcn¨v PohnXcoXnbnep≠mb {]ISamb hyXymkam-Wv Iym³kÀ \nc¡v Dbcp¶Xn\pÅ {][m\ Im-c-Ww. CXn {Iaw sXänbXpw, ^mÌv ^pUn\p ] n¶mse t]mIp¶Xpamb `£WcoXn kwØm\¯v 10-.70% h-sc Iym³kÀ tcmKnIsf krãn¡p¶p. ]pIbne aqeap≠mIp-¶ Iym³kdnsâ \nc¡v 39% Ipdªn«ps≠¦nepw, Ct¸mgpw {]XnhÀjw 20%\p apIfn ]pXnb tIkpIÄ dnt¸mÀ«v- sN¿s¸Sp¶p≠v. Iym³kÀ tcmKnIfmb ]pcpj·mcn ]-Ip-Xn-bnte-sd t]cpw hZ-\mÀ-_p-Zw (hm-bn-se Iym³kÀ) _m-[n-¨-h-cmWv. kv{XoIfn ]pIbneP\y Im³kÀ

11% Xmsg am{XamWpÅ-Xv. ^mÌv^pUv kwkvImc¯nsâ `mKambn AI¯m¡p¶ APo\tamt«m, atbmss\kv XpS§nb hkvXp¡Ä Hcp hn[¯n Asæn asämcp hn[¯n icoc¯nse A´coI tImiIeIÄ¡v £Xta¸n¡p¶p.

F¶m F{Xsbms¡ BtcmKyIcamb ap-¶-dn-bn¸ppIfpw kmlNcy§fpw D≠mbn«pw, Ah Xncn¨dnbm\pÅ Ignhv bph k-aq-lw {]-I-Sn-¸n-¡p¶nÃ. Iym³kÀ Is≠¯p¶Xn\pw, Nn-InÕn¡p¶Xn\pw th≠{X anI¨ ku-I-cy§Ä C\nbpw tIcf¯n hfÀ¶n«nà F¶mWv sshZyim-kv{X cwK¯pÅhÀ Xs¶ ]dbp¶Xv. BÀ-knknbpw a-e-_mÀ Iym³kÀ skâdpw t]mepÅ anI¨ BXpc tkh\ tI{µ-§Ä FÃm PnÃIfnepw D≠mtI≠Xv BtcmKycwK¯nsâ A\n hmcyXbmWv. Be¸pg, GdWmIpfw, tImgnt¡mSv XpS§nb PnÃIfnep-Å-hÀ C-¶v Iym³kÀ Nn-InÕbv¡mbn aäp PnÃIsfbmWv B{ibn¡p¶Xv. Cu ØnXn¡v amäw hcWw. PnÃm Bip] {XnIfn {]tXy-I Iym³kÀ hmÀUvXpd¡pI, t_m-[h¡cW \S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡pI, ]cntim[\ Iymw]pIÄ \ S¯pI XpS§nbhbneqsS, Hcp ]cn[n h-sc Iym³kÀ F¶ alm hn]¯v XSbnSm\mIpw.

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A R T P R E N E U R

I-emÀ¸Wtbm-sSm¸w Hcp IemImcn, F-t¸mgmWv Hcp XnIª IemImcnbmbn amdpI? tNmZyw sX¶n´y³ kn\nabpsS {]nb \Sn tim`\tbmSmsW¦n D¯cw DS³ hcpw." X\n¡dnbmhp¶ Ie ]qÀWcq]¯n asämcmfnte¡v ]IÀ-¶p \ÂIp-t¼mgmWv Hcp IemImcn ]qÀWbmIp¶Xv.' temIw AwKoIcn¨ Cu \ À¯InbpsS A¯csamcp Xocpam\¯nsâ ^eamWv- sNss¶ BØm\amb I-emÀ¸W F¶ Um³kv A¡mU-an. e£van \mcm-b-W³

A`n\b¯n ]eh«w tZiobXe¯n hsc AwKoImcw t\ Snb tim-`\bv¡v A`n\bw t]m se Xs¶ {]nbs¸«Xmbncp¶p Xsâ Imense Nne¦IfpsS Inep¡hpw. `cX\mSy¯n IqSpX ]T\w \

S¯pI, \r¯]cn]SnIfn IqSpX kPohamIp-I F¶Xns\m¸w Xm³ Adnª I-e a-äp-Å-hÀ¡v ]IÀ¶p \ ÂIp-I C-Xm-bn-cp-¶p I-em-À-¸-W-bn-eqsS tim-`-\ e-£y-an-«Xv. CXv icn-bm-bn \-S-¸n-em-¡m³ I-gn-ª-Xn-sâ ^-e-amWv A¡mUanbn Zn\w{]Xn hÀ-[n¨p

hcp¶ hn-ZymÀ°nIfpsS F®w. \mSyimkv{X¯n A{KKWyI fmb {]ikvX \À¯InamÀ efnX, ] Zvan\n, cmKnWnamcpsS ]n³Kmanbmb tim-`\bv¡v \r¯w cà¯n AenªptNÀ¶ hnImcamWv. Hcn¡epw hcpam\s¯ ap³-\nÀ¯nbà I-em-À-¸-W \-S-¯p-¶-sX-¶v tim-`\ ]-d-bp¶p. \r¯hpw \mSytemIhpw tim`\sb kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw kzÀKXpeyamWv. "`cX\mSyw ]Tn¡pI, ]Tn¸n¡pI, {]Ncn¸n¡pI F¶ e£yt¯msS sNss¶-bn 1994emWv I-emÀ¸Wbv¡v Rm³ XpS¡w Ipdn¨Xv. C¶v temI¯nsâ hnhn[`mK-§-fn \r¯ ]cn]mSnIfpambn Rm\p ĸsSbpÅ Iem-À¸Wbnse \r ¯ hn`mKw kPohamWv. I-e-bn-eqsS `mcX¯nsâ Xs¶ kmw-kvImcnI hnIk\amWv Fsâ Øm]\¯nsâ e£yw" tim`\ ]dbp-¶p.

C-¶v C-cp-¶q-dn-tesd hnZymÀ°nIÄ `cX\mSyw, tamln\n bm«w, \«phm¦w F¶n-h A-`y-kn-¡p¶-Xn\v I-emÀ¸-W-bn-ep-≠v. Chcn ] ecpw \S\ anIhpsIm≠v, tI{µ kmwkv-ImcnI hIp-¸nsâ kvtImfÀ jn¸v- t\SnbhcmWv. \r¯Iebn Ignhv sXfnbn¨ hnZymÀ°nIÄ¡v ap³-

58

SOBHANA FA C T F I L E t]cv: tim`\ N{µIpamÀ P-\-\-¯obXn: 21 amÀ¨vamXm]nXm¡Ä: B\µw N{µIpamÀ, tUm. N{µIpamÀ Kpcp: Nn{X hn-tizic³, ]Zva kp{_aWyw P·Øew: tIcfw hnt\mZw: \r¯w KW\m {Ia¯nemWv Ie-mÀ¸Wbn {]thi\w e`n¡pI. Xnc, sIm¨Snbm³ XpS§nb Nn{X§fneq-sS \r-¯¯n-s\m¸w kn\na-bnepw ho≠pw kPohamIm\pÅ Hcp¡¯n-em-Wv tim`\.