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Bull Sale Friday, February 24th, 2012 12:00 NOON Denham Marketing Facility Olathe, Colorado
104 Bulls Sell Angus
Gelbvieh
Red & Black Balancers速
Providing High Altitude Bulls for Over Twenty Years
Lot 4
Lot 13
Lot 22
Lot 25
Lot 40
Lot 44
Lot 47
Lot 56
Lot 59
Lot 69
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Lot 87
Lot 98
success ccessOur depends ondepends yours. on yours. Your animal
At Mountain Plains Farm Credit, our customers health supplier. arm Credit, areour ourcustomers partners — shareholders, with everyone areholders,invested with everyone in a successful future. So we not only provide l future. Soaffordable we not only provideand insight backed by nearly a financing nd insight backed a centuryby of nearly ag lending, we build relationships that grow we build relationships that grow along with your business for years to come. ess for years to come. And at the end of each year, when we make a profit, we year, when we make a profit, we repay our customer partners with a dividend check. In rtners with2008 a dividend check. In alone, our customers shared $6.0 million. And Proudly financing generations of families who feed the world mers shared $6.0 And million over the they’ve million. shared $42.5 past five years.generations of families who feed the world Proudly financing illion over the past five years.
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Grand Junction (970) 243-1784 or (800) 962-2482 montrose (970) 249-5274 or (800) 654-8272
montrose (970) 249-5274 or (800) 654-8272 duranGo (970) 259-1540 or (800) 678-6828
duranGo (970) 259-1540 or (800) 678-6828
David Mast, Cattle Specialist Colorado City, CO • 815.275.3501
Table 2
PFZP30174_BW_Hat_Ad_7_625x4_75
6/3/04
10:09 AM
PROBABILITY OF A BULL BEING HOMOZYGOUS BLACK
Number of Red Matings to* Cows % 1 50 2 75 3 87 4 94 5 97 6 98 7 99 8 99.6 9 99.8 10 99.9 15 _ 20 _ * That produce black calves
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Known Heterozygous Black Cows % 25 44 58 68 76 82 87 90 92.5 94.4 98.7 99.7
Table 3 COMBINATIONS OF COLOR AND DILUTION GENES B=black gene D=dilution gene
genewho give The smart cattlemen b=red are the ones d=non-dilution themselves every edge before they get togene the sale barn. That’s why they use Dectomax.® Color of Animal Genotype (gene combination) • Research1 shows that over a 40-day period 2 BBDD (black, diluted) following application, total drug gray availability for Dectomax Pour-On is 45% greater BBDd (black, diluted) than for Ivomec® Pour-On. gray BBdd (black, non-diluted) black • Dectomax Pour-On lasts twice as long against BbDD (black, diluted) the economically destructivegray brown stomach BbDd (black, diluted) worm as Ivomec Pour-on. gray • By reducing the stress caused by worms, Bbdd (black, non-diluted) black Dectomax helps improve your animals’ bbDD (red, diluted) light yellow to light red appetite, their response to vaccines, and their bbDd (red, diluted) light to medium red ability to grow faster and stay healthier. bbdd (red, non-diluted) medium to dark red
of identifying Homozygous Black status. Bulls can be tested through DNA collected at a young age and then identified as Homozygous Black prior to being placed in a breeding program
Dilution gene The dilution gene causes black color to dilute to gray (in a range from dark to light) and red color to dilute to gold. A separate set of genes determines if the color of an animal is diluted or not diluted. Since the gene for dilution is dominant to the gene
for non-dilution, an animal that has one gene for dilution and one for non-dilution will have a diluted color. An animal with two genes for dilution will also be diluted (see table 3). The terms “black” and “dark red” indicate that the animal has two genes for non-dilution. Use caution when representing your cattle. Another factor, called the modifier gene, may also influence color. For example, the shade of red in Hereford cattle varies from dark to light red. This variation is presumably the effect of the modifier gene, and does not involve the dilution gene. These modifiers,
Color Q&A Q: What is the difference between double-black and homozygous black? A: Double-black simply means that an animal’s sire and dam are black. The parents could be either heterozygous or homozygous black to show black color. Assuming that the bull does not have a dilution gene, a heterozygous black bull will always sire some black and some red calves. After a black bull has sired red calves, he is proved to be heterozygous black. At that point, calling him double-black is meaningless. His parents may both still be black, but his calves will be both black and red. Q: Where do gold calves come from? A: Gold calves are the product of a set of dilution genes acting on the genes for red color. Red color dilutes to gold, just like black color dilutes to gray. Q: If an animal is really black, does it carry the dilution gene? A: No. Any animal with genes for black color that is also carrying the dilution gene will be gray. Q: Can a “dark red” bull carry the dilution gene? A: The marketing term “dark red” usually means that the animal carries two non-dilution genes. The term “black” usually means
while still not fully understood, are probably at work in Gelbvieh cattle as well, especially in those upgraded from Hereford cattle. Therefore, the assumption that gold and light red animals carry the dilution gene may be incorrect. Lighter color in these animals Gayrard V, Alvinerie M, and Toutain P. L. could be a result of a modifier gene. Theprofiles Comparison of pharmacokinetic of doramectin and ivermectin pour-on modifier gene does not seem toinhave any formulations cattle. Veterinary Parasitology, 81: 47-55, 1999. When comparing cattle plasma effect on black; in other words, it doesn’t concentration profiles. cause gray animals. ©2004 Pfizer Inc Dectomax is a registered trademark and The Thinking Cattleman’s Choice and Beef Friendly are trademarks of Pfizer Inc. The best way to test a bull for the Ivomec is a registered trademark of Merial Ltd. DXG04020 dilution gene is to mate him to black cows. Unfortunately there is no DNA Test yet available that identifies the dilution gene. 1
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the same thing--that the animal carries two non-dilution genes. However, because much misunderstanding exists about these terms, it is always best to question when you purchase, rather than after you have gold or gray calves on the ground. Q: Is it possible for an animal to be 87 percent (or any other percent) homozygous? A: No. An animal either carries two of the same genes for color (homozygous) or two different genes for color (heterozygous). You may hear someone say that is an 87 percent chance that the bull is homozygous, meaning that the bull has three progeny on the ground out of red dams, and all of them are black. With no red calves out of three, there is an 87 percent chance that the bull is homozygous black. Once a bull sires a red calf, he is proved to be heterozygous. Q: If a bull sires gray or gold calves, does that prove he is carrying the dilution gene? A: No. Since the dilution gene is dominant, the progeny could have received the dilution gene from the dam side of its pedigree. Additionally, due to the effects of the modifier gene believed to be at work in Hereford cattle or cattle upgraded from Hereford, there is often no way to tell by looking if a red animal carries the dilution gene. The best way to test a bull for the dilution gene is to mate him to black (non-dilution) cows. If gray or gold calves result, the dilution gene is present.
American Gelbvieh Association | (303) 465-2333 • Fax: (303) 465-2339 • www.gelbvieh.org • info@gelbvieh.org
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