Figure 5.12: Third order settlement

The 45 second order settlements are found to serve the area of about 619,63 sq.km (76.8% of the district area) and the remaining 1873.47 sq km (23.2% of the district area) is found to be out of catchment of the service area

Third Order Settlements – Service village

Figure 5.12: Third order settlement

The radius of influence for the growth centers is considered to be 5 kms and a hexagon of same radius is been drawn around each nodal point of the growth center to identify the area covered and population served also to figure out the area not under the catchment.

There are 86 existing number of settlement and 24 are proposed.

The 110 third order settlements are found to serve the area of about 4936.38 sq.km (61.15% of the district area) and the remaining 3134.62 sq km (38.85% of the district area) is found to be out of catchment of the service area.

5.5 Infrastructure Analysis

5.5.1 Social Infrastructure

Social facilities are the basic infrastructure that facilitates human resource development, which ultimately helps sustain development and sets off a dynamic chain of growth for the region; Without this facility, the development process remains incomplete and therefore requires rational planning of the social infrastructure for the district.

The provision of social infrastructure is always made in response to the basic needs of communities in order to improve their quality of life, equity, stability, and social wellbeing. This also serves as a foundation for the development of human and social capital.

Educational Facilities

Education is an indicator of development. "Education is for life," as the saying goes. It is an investment that cannot be lost, spent, or deducted. It encourages children's rational thinking, sharpens their skills, and prepares them for a brighter future. It is the means by which socioeconomic transformation can take place. According to a baseline study, the district's overall literacy rate is 71.09 percent, as measured by the 2011 census.

 Schools

The district currently has 5448 schools, of which 3598 are primary schools, 1320 are upper primary schools, and 530 are secondary schools.

According to the Human Development Report, Ganjam 2013, nearly 81 percent of the total number of schools are government schools that are part of Education Guarantee Schemes, 13 percent are part of Innovative Education Schemes, and the rest are private schools. In comparison to rural areas, the percentage of private schools in urban areas is relatively higher (28 percent). Government schools, on the other hand,

account for 72 percent of all schools in urban areas. However, this picture differs in different urban areas.

According to current data on the number of schools, the district does not require any additional new schools. Rather, while planning at the block level, schools should be upgraded with better facilities.

 Colleges

There are 83 colleges in the district that offer higher education. There are 44 of them in blocks and 39 in urban areas. 12 of the total colleges are women's colleges, with the majority of them (11) located in urban areas, mainly in the Brahmapur Municipality. Brahmapur Municipal Corporation has the most colleges (14), out of all the blocks and urban areas.

 Technical Education

Industrial Training Institute, Brahmapur, and Industrial Training Institute, Chhatrapur are two government Industrial Technical Institutes (ITI) in Ganjam district. The latter is only available to women, whereas the former is available to both men and women. There are currently 210 private technical institutions in Ganjam that offer courses in a variety of trades. Parla Maharaja Engineering College is a government-run institution, while the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) has 450 seats, Roland Institute of Technology (RIT) has 300 seats, and Sanjay Memorial Institute of Technology (SMIT) has 360 seats. Brahmapur School of Engineering and Technology (BSET), DUCP Engineering School, and Brahmapur Women's Polytechnic are some of the other technical colleges in the area.

5.5.2 Health Facilities

Human happiness and well-being are dependent on good health. A system of healthcare and protection that is available, accessible, acceptable, and of good quality is one of the entitlements. As a result, the right to health requires that public health and health-care facilities be available in sufficient numbers throughout the district and that they be open to all people without discrimination. The map depicts the current distribution of Ganjam's public healthcare system. (Fig 8: Existing Healthcare Map of Ganjam)