eLABORATE Sep/Oct 2021

VOL.18 NO.5

SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2021

a t s u NOT j

PRINT POST NO. 100018653

. . . i t l u M

sagemax.com

sagemax.com

S ' T I . . .

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Multiple indications.

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o ulti Zr T M Nexx sc di

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Get your disc here: 50 Natalie Road, Buccan QLD 4207 T: 1300 303 638, (07) 3200 4750 F: (07) 3200 4752, E: contact@impulsedent.com.au www.impulsedent.com.au © 2021 Sagemax Bioceramics, Inc., Federal Way, WA, US, Sagemax and NexxZr are registered trademarks of Sagemax Bioceramics Inc.

NexxZr T Multi

VOLUME 18 | NUMBER 5 SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2021

eLABORATE | CONTENTS

On the cover...

NexxZr T Multi is a new generation of multilayer zirconia (3Y-TZP cervical, 5Y-TZP incisal) combining very high flexural strength with a smooth gradient of colour and translucency

34

PROSTHETICS

4 BRIEFS 6 SPECTRUM 20 CPD CENTRE 42 NEW PRODUCTS

facebook.com/elaboratenow

26

CERAMICS

SINTERING ZIRCONIA GET YOUR PUCKS IN A ROW

twitter.com/eLABORATEnow

SHAPE, SHADE AND FUNCTION IN PROSTHETICS?

40

THERMOFORMING

HOW TO MODIFY SPLINT OCCLUSION USING THE OCCLUFORM 3

instagram.com/dentevents

Editor and Publisher: Joseph Allbeury Technical Editor: Terence Whitty, Dip. DT (Syd)

eLABORATE™

ISSN 1834-9110 is published six times per year by

Main Street Publishing Pty Limited

ABN 74 065 490 655

| Printed in AUSTRALIA

PO Box 586, Cammeray NSW 2062 AUSTRALIA Tel: (02) 9929-1900 Fax: (02) 9929-1999 Email: info@dentist.com.au © 2021 All rights reserved. The contents of this magazine are copyright and must not be reproduced without the written permission of the publisher. Permission to reprint may be obtained upon application. Correspondence and manuscripts for publication are welcome. Although all care is taken, the editor and publisher will not accept responsibility for the opinions expressed by contributors to this magazine, or for loss or damage to material submitted for publication.

briefs | NEWS Is it over yet...

Double the shades for SR Vivodent

I

t’s hard to choose the most disappointing moment of 2021. And let’s face it, there have been both quite a few to choose from and quite a lot of

By Joseph Allbeury spare time to stew over each.

The highlight of my professional life is always attending the biennial International Dental Show in Cologne, Germany and 2021 would have been my 12th show in a row. After postponing the event to September, it came and went with 23,000 people attending, a great result given the times, but far less than the 150,000 visitors a normal year would bring. Hundreds of Australians typically make the trip to Europe for this huge event and like all the regulars, I’m hoping for a return to business as usual in 2023.

In April next year, the sister show to IDS, IDEM Singapore, is back on again too. The 2020 event was an early casualty of COVID and went virtual in order to fulfil the CPD requirements of Singaporean dentists. I’ve booked a ticket to IDEM Singapore 2022 already and the organisers are running adverts across the magazines starting with this edition to encourage other Australians to attend too.

In a good year, some 500 locals make the trip north and enjoy Singapore’s many attractions including a Universal Studios theme park, water parks and a great night safari zoo. World class accommodation and the amazing dining experiences on offer everywhere complete the picture.

Australia has a quarantine-free travel bubble with Singapore (at the moment at least), so this could be a good start to dipping your toe back into international travel. And my travel agent assures me that travel insurance providers are now offering coverage for medical treatment and itinerary changes related to contracting COVID-19 (though look into that fully yourself as the medical bills in overseas hospitals can be astronomical).

And then of course in June 2022, we will finally stage the third instalment of Digital Dentistry and Dental Technology in Sydney... and thank you one and all for your patience!

Trying to run events over the last two years has been nothing short of a demoralising experience. So much work goes into organising an event and the last thing you want is to cancel or postpone it.

If you came to Digital Dentistry and Dental Technology 2019, you will remember what an amazing event it was.

Close to 500 people participated in the event, listening to over 50 speakers deliver 110 education sessions over the two day program. Technicians, prosthetists and dentists mingled as one to network, share ideas and to have fun!

The dental industry supporting the event made sure there were plenty of the latest toys to play with and the venue provided a veritable feast three times a day.

So whilst 2021 has been another year of hurry up and wait, we look towards 2022 with confident hope that while COVID-19 will be in our lives, it will not control our lives.

Stay safe!

Joseph Allbeury, Editor and Publisher

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R Vivodent denture teeth, which are made from clinically proven PMMA, are the classic teeth from Ivoclar Vivadent, one of the world’s leading suppliers of integrated solutions for high-quality dental applications and a comprehensive product and systems portfolio for dentists, dental prosthetists and dental technicians. To date, the teeth have been available in 20 Chromascop shades. Now this selection is set to grow with an additional 16 A–D and 4 Bleach shades. This line extension increases SR Vivodent’s range of applications in complete and partial denture prosthetics and in combination with fixed dentures in particular.

The comprehensive range of 40 different shades gives dental technicians extra flexibility to do their work and opens up the scope of conventional removable prosthodontics.

The original “A” anterior moulds in the SR Vivodent portfolio are based on the analysis of natural tooth shapes. They blend in seamlessly with the existing dentition. The anterior teeth are categorized into three basic shapes (square, triangular and oval) in order to make it easier to select the most appropriate type of tooth for the individual patient. Moreover, users can choose between soft and bold shapes. The “Typ” posterior tooth moulds are set up in a tooth-to-tooth relation. Five different sizes are available, which enable customers to set up the teeth quickly and easily. They allow dental technicians to create stable and functionally sound dentures efficiently and economically. The high flexibility and wide range of shade choices offered by SR Vivodent helps to improve the efficiency and performance of dental laboratories.

Ivoclar Vivadent has relied on using a proven cross-linked PMMA material to manufacture its denture teeth for many years.

The company attaches great importance to quality. The colouring, the materials and the manufacturing processes are subject to stringent quality testing. This forms a solid basis for fabricating functional and esthetic dentures that will satisfy customers for a long time and for ensuring a wide range of applications.

The SR Vivodent denture teeth are an integral component of the Biofunctional Prosthetic System (BPS) from Ivoclar Vivadent, which features a functional and coordinated workflow for producing removal dentures. Apart from ensuring the customary reliability and quality of the material, the workflow is known for its exceptional customization possibilities and efficiency for the benefit of dentists, dental technicians and patients.

S

For more information, in Australia contact Ivoclar Vivadent on 1300-IVOCLAR or in New Zealand, call 0508 IVOCLAR.

September/October 2021

NEW! DIGITAL DENTURE DISCS

17 LAYER PMMA

$99 INC GST + FREIGHT

98mm DISC FITS ALL POPULAR MILLS

PERFECT FOR... n DIGITAL DENTURES n TEMPORARIES n IMPLANT PROSTHETICS n CUSTOM HEALING ABUTMENTS n AND MORE...

NOW AVAILABLE: Kryptonite Premium Multilayer Digital Denture Disc featuring 17 Layers of PMMA Poly(methyl methacrylate) with a Flexural Strength (MPa) of 110; Water Sorption (μg/mm³): 6.9; Solubility (μg/mm³): 0.7; Vickers Hardness (MPa): Min. 25 HV; E-Module: 2600 MPA; 9 VITA™ Shades

POPULAR VITA™ SHADES A3, A3.5, A4, B1, B2, C1, C2, D2 & D3

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https://wisbeydentalshop.com/collections/kryptonite

Suite 17, 265-271 Pennant Hills Road, Thornleigh. NSW. 2120

www.wisbeydental.com Call (02) 9875 5588

spectrum | NEWS

Osteon Medical digital dental implant business acquired by Keystone Dental

O

steon Medical, the Australian software-enabled dental implant-prosthetic innovator has merged with Keystone Dental Inc., the largest independent dental implant company in North America.

Commenting on the deal, Osteon Medical’s founder and CEO, Michael Tuckman said “Osteon Medical’s industry-leading digital implant solution caught Keystone’s eye and turned what was initially a potential distribution relationship into a merger.

“Keystone is the perfect partner for Osteon Medical. Their network and experience coupled with our innovation will enable us to simplify complex procedures through technological improvements, delivering tomorrow’s solutions today.”

While the combined companies will continue to operate independently, Mr Tuckman said “The deal with Keystone will accelerate our research and development and our expansion into the US and EU markets, while providing career opportunities for our growing team.”

Dental practitioners and dental laboratories in the US recently trialed Osteon Medical’s patented Nexus solutions with great success.

One of Osteon’s most recent developments uses advanced scanning technology, the patented Nexus iOS solution, to turn around customised, precision-made, titanium-based dental prosthetics. The easy-to-use, cloud-based ordering and transfer platform allows an end-to-end digital experience which significantly reduces conventional treatment time and increases accuracy.

“In our ongoing search for exceptional business partners, we are very pleased to be combining forces with Osteon Medical,” said Melker Nilsson, CEO of Keystone Dental Inc. “The combination of Keystone and Osteon enables us to offer a more comprehensive portfolio of unique and innovative

solutions for our customers and partners, especially when it comes to digital workflows, increased efficiency and improved accuracy. The acquisition further provides Keystone with a significantly expanded and synergistic implant sales opportunity to both existing and new customers.”

“From modest facilities in Ringwood, Victoria in 2013 we expanded our sales into Asia and are in the process of commissioning our Japanese manufacturing plant,” Mr Tuckman said. “The US has always been recognised as one of the largest markets and we are delighted Keystone Dental has recognised the benefits our technology has to offer them, their customers and the global dental implant market.”

NEW! EXTRA-LARGE TELESKOPER ORBIT (Ø 125 mm) BLANK DIAMETERS IN 1 INTERCHANGEABLE ORBIT – WITH THE M2 MILLING UNIT COMFORT LINE

Ø 95 mm

Ø 98 mm

Ø 106 mm

Ø 125 mm WATCH THE VIDEO!

Alphabond Dental Pty Ltd – T +61 2 9417 6660 – stan@alphabond.com.au – www.alphabond.com.au Zirkonzahn Worldwide – T +39 0474 066 680 – info@zirkonzahn.com – www.zirkonzahn.com

6 eLABORATE

September/October 2021

Play your cards right.

Play your cards right.

Medentika® Medentika® MPS MPS Multi Multi Platform Platform System System EXCELLENT PROSTHETICS FOR ALL MAJOR IMPLANT SYSTEMS EXCELLENT PROSTHETICS FOR ALL MAJOR IMPLANT SYSTEMS

EXTENSIVE EXTENSIVE PROSTHETICS RANGE PROSTHETICS RANGE Compatible with all Compatible with all conventional implant conventional implant systems. systems.

HIGH PRECISION HIGH PRECISION German made abutments.

German made abutments.

Manufactured with the Manufactured the highest interfacewith precision. highest interface precision.

ONE DESIGN ONE DESIGN One prosthetic

One prosthetic interface optimised for interface multipleoptimised platforms.for multiple platforms.

Contact your Straumann Group Contact Group or Specialistyour for Straumann more information Specialist for more information or visit https://bit.ly/medentika-ace visit https://bit.ly/medentika-ace Straumann Pty Ltd/Straumann New Zealand Limited 7Straumann Gateway Court, Port Melbourne VIC 3207, Australia Pty Ltd/Straumann New Zealand Limited Toll FreeCourt, 1800 660 | NZ TollVIC Free3207, 0800 408 370 7AU Gateway Port 330 Melbourne Australia Email AU Tollcustomerservice.au@straumann.com Free 1800 660 330 | NZ Toll Free 0800 408 370 www.straumann.com.au Email customerservice.au@straumann.com www.straumann.co.nz www.straumann.com.au www.straumann.co.nz

©Institut Straumann AG, 2021. All rights reserved. Straumann® and/or other trademarks and logos from Straumann® mentioned herein are the trademarks or registered trademarks of Straumann Holding AG and/or its affiliates. ©Institut Straumann AG, 2021. All rights reserved. Straumann® and/or other trademarks and logos from Straumann® mentioned herein are the trademarks or registered trademarks of Straumann Holding AG and/or its affiliates.

spectrum | NEWS

Ivoclar Vivadent celebrates the first year of Ivotion Denture System success

I

t has been just over a year since the innovative Ivotion Denture System from Ivoclar Vivadent revolutionised the fabrication of removable dentures. During this time, the company has not only won over numerous users, but it has also kept its promise of ongoing development of the Ivotion Denture System by releasing fabrication of implant-supported dentures and a new gingiva shade.

One of the world’s leading providers of integrated solutions for high-quality dental solutions, Ivoclar Vivadent can look back on a successful year for its Ivotion Denture System. As part of the Digital Denture Workflow, this innovative system facilitates a fast and predictable process for fabricating removable dentures from just a single disc. Easy to use and highly efficient, it also impresses with attractive aesthetic results. Qualities that have won over countless users and patients across the world since its launch.

Ivotion as part of the Digital Denture Workflow n 2020, with the Ivotion Denture System, Ivoclar Vivadent established a complete process for the digital fabrication of premium-grade removable dentures from a single monolithic disc.

This system solution combines tailored process components with premium-grade materials and sophisticated technologies.

At the heart of the system is the unique Ivotion CAD/CAM disc that enables custom monolithic dentures to be fabricated in just one milling process. This system concept together with the new Ivotion monolithic disc revolutionised the fabrication of removable dentures with an intelligent Digital Denture Workflow - from patient consultation (IvoSmile) to clinical processes, from intuitive design (3Shape Dental System) and the monolithic disc (Ivotion) to fabrication (PrograMill milling units), right through to follow-up. The tailored workflow enables fast, efficient and consistent results.

I

8 eLABORATE

“At the heart of the system is the unique Ivotion CAD/CAM disc that enables custom monolithic dentures to be fabricated in just one milling process...”

An all-round solution: the clever Ivotion CAD/CAM disc he innovative Ivotion disc is the heart of the Ivotion Denture System. This CAD/CAM disc made of two colours is an intelligent combination of high-grade proven tooth and denture base materials in a single disc for the monolithic fabrication of complete dentures. The big advantage: with Ivotion, there is no longer any need to bond teeth to the denture base.

This reduces potential problem areas. The Ivotion disc contains the unique Shell Geometry, a three-dimensional tooth and dental arch geometry based on real denture data that defines the transition between the tooth and denture base materials. The PMMA material used impresses with its optimised fracture resistance. What is more, with the Full Denture Module in the 3Shape Dental System, dentures can be customised easily and quickly to meet patient needs, thanks to tooth libraries with sample setups, morphing tools, setup features and a variety of gingiva designs.

T

Added value for customers and patients ollowing its launch, the Ivotion Denture System has set new standards in removable denture solutions. Right from the start, Ivotion was designed with the future in mind, using premium-grade materials to facilitate a wide range of applications.

That is why Ivotion is also ideally suited for the fabrication of implant-supported dentures, meaning even more options are possible when fabricating and customising removable dentures. Now, in addition to the existing gingiva shades Pink-V and Preference, the Ivotion CAD/CAM disc is also available in US-D, a shade that specifically meets the needs of patients with darker gingival colouring, expanding the range of possible customisations even further. After all, Ivoclar Vivadent has one mission: Making People Smile.

F

For more information, contact Ivoclar Vivadent on 1300-IVOCLAR or in New Zealand, call 0508 IVOCLAR.

September/October 2021

Lab-proven Future-proof

[1] 30 years Ivoclar Vivadent press technology

[1]

30 Years Press Technology

learn more

Making People Smile ivoclarvivadent.com/30yearspresstechnology_AU

spectrum | NEWS

New 3Shape Dental System 2021

3

Shape Dental System 2021, the choice of lab technicians around the world, enables dental laboratories to power up their productivity with AI supported, new and improved integrated workflows for the most profitable and in-demand services like crowns and bridges, implants, dentures, clear aligners and splints.

Harnessing the power of AI technology, Dental System 2021 delivers radically new efficiency for labs by directing AI to perform many of the lab technician’s cumbersome tasks like teeth segmentation, occlusal plain adjustment and more.

The new version of the software includes optimised workflows for removable partial and full dentures and implant bridges.

As well as providing labs with a tight integration to 3Shape Automate - the world’s first AI driven design service for single unit monolithic molar and pre-molar crowns.

“Our goal is to make every lab technician’s jobs easier,” said Rune Fisker, 3Shape Senior Vice President for Product Strategy.

“We spend a lot of resources working with technicians, listening to them and developing the tools they need to succeed. From optimising workflows, the user interface and introducing AI power, to open integrations with production and lab management solutions, partners, libraries and components, Dental System 2021 is software made for and inspired by dental technicians.”

Dental labs using 3Shape Dental System 2021 are seamlessly connected digitally to their dental practice partners to enable fast, predictable, and cost-effective service.

10 eLABORATE

Highlights in 3Shape Dental System 2021 • Increased productivity and aesthetics with improved implant bridge designing.

• Full and partial denture design using the same workflow and tools to boost productivity.

• AI technology to eliminate workflow steps like teeth segmentation and preset of the occlusal plane.

• Pre-installed integration with 3Shape Automate enables uploading, downloading, and making changes to 3Shape Automate designs.

• Significantly sharper imaging with “Enhance Detail” setting in E4 lab scanners.

September/October 2021

Piksters Mini Oral Appliance Cleaning Kit ®

Why not give one of these kits away with every full or partial denture or any oral appliance you supply – look at the ridiculously low price for what you get and the value you add!!

Was $7.95

NOW $ 95

6

STOP STALE APPLIANCE TASTE! • Cleans and deodorises orthodontic retainers, anti-snore appliances, splints, nightguards, mouthguards, sportsguards, Invisalign (and similar items) and full or partial dentures.

• Prevents that “STALE” smell and taste that discourages patients using oral appliances.

• Higher patient wearing compliance due to the absence of bad taste and odour.

EPOAKM • Kit contains: Oral Appliance Brush, 30 Pack Oral Appliance, Cleaning Tablets.

Also sold separately Piksters®

Piksters® Oral Appliance

Denture Brush

Cleaning Tablets

Use this multi purpose brush to clean: • Mouth & sports guards.

• Invisalign™ & similar.

• Orthodontic retainers.

• Splints & nightguards.

• Anti-Snore devices.

• Full or partial dentures.

• Daily use of these oxygenmint tablets helps reduce bad tastes and smells from oral appliances.

Single Box of 30 tablets.

EPLDCT020 Usually $3.29

NOW $11.70 Box of 6

NOW

24% OFF

2

$ 50 ea

NOW

2

$ 95

Box of 10 (10 x 30 tablets) EPLDCT020 Usually $32.90

NOW

$ 95

NOW $25 Box of 10 SAVE $7.90

ea

All prices inc. GST.

ea

Usually $3.89

COMPARE THE PRICE...

Offer ends 30 Nov 2021

Denture Bath

Stops unpleasant taste and smells.

Box of 6 EPLOAB Usually $12.30 ($2.05 each)

1

Piksters®

Denture Brush

Cleaning Tablets

Denture Bath

OUR PRICE

$1.95

$2.50

$2.95

COMPANY A

$4.99

$7.25

$4.25

COMPANY B

$3.30

$6.82

$4.50

High quality value products

24% OFF SAVE 94c EPLKH001

Unique bath with 3 separate functions: • Suitable for dentures and all removable appliances.

• Use with Oral Appliance Cleaning Tablets and Oral Appliance Denture Brush.

T O O R D E R : piksters.com E: sales@piksters.com P: 1800 817 155

spectrum | NEWS

Universal zirconia aesthetics

A

universal zirconia that changes everything, Zolid Gen-X can be used for almost all types of indications due to its excellent mechanical values and outstanding aesthetic properties. In a free online presentation, Amann Girrbach’s product specialist Mona Manderfeld and MDT Joachim Maier provide insights on what Zolid Gen-X stands for together with numerous practical application examples.

Zolid Gen-X puts an end to the timeconsuming search for the right blank for the popular restoration, quite simply because the latest blanks of the Zolid DNA generation are true all-rounders! Zolid Gen-X combines all the advantages of the Zolid HT+ product group. The excellent aesthetic properties and outstanding mechanical values allow exceeding any indication limitations. In addition, Gen-X possesses a natural colour gradient that takes the blank to a new level in terms of efficiency and aesthetics.

In the presentation, MDT Joachim Maier explains why his laboratory, which

VIDEO

has been working metal-free for 20 years, chooses Zolid Gen-X so often and which important parameters he takes into account when selecting materials. Both his dentists as well as the patients place very high expectations on aesthetics and durability. Joachim Maier uses numerous

practical examples to demonstrate how exactly he meets these expectations and how problems such as chipping or a gray image of a restoration can be prevented.

The full presentation is available free of charge at https://bit.ly/3xozlks

High-speed scanning with max precision

T

he fully automatic Ceramill Map 600+, Amann Girrbach’s new scanner flagship for open articulator scanning, excels with outstanding precision for perfect restorations and optimally supports dental technicians in their work.

This new high-performance scanner heralds the advent of Industry 4.0 in the laboratory. The intelligent software algorithm automatically assigns the upper and lower jaws, thereby eliminating the vestibular scan and thus up to 30% of the manual steps in the laboratory. Due to its integrated universal carrier plate for all common types of articulators, the Map 600+ saves time-consuming plate changes and the intelligent scan height control automatically moves the object

12 eLABORATE

to be scanned into the best possible scanning area. In parallel, Amann Girrbach has equipped the Map 600+ with an Ultra HD camera. The highly sensitive industrial 3D

sensor with Blue Light technology ensures outstanding depth of field and a scanning accuracy of 4 micrometers. The reason being that making optimal use of the advantages of digitisation and a seamless workflow, requires the model situation from the real articulator to be converted into a data set with maximum precision.

The new, more efficient calculation algorithm also reduces the matching time by up to 35%, depending on the indication. This reduces the active waiting time of a scanning process by up to 25 seconds.

Depending on the indication, the Ceramill Map 600+ therefore provides time savings of between 15 and 38%.

For more information on Amann Girrbach products, call (02) 8575-8675 or visit www.innovatiodentalsupplies.com.au

September/October 2021

t Contac tal nt Den Durode ge to n to arra teeth lara see De Y! TODA

Everybody's Delara® The new tooth line that makes hearts beat faster.

Years of experience from dental professionals went into the development of Kulzer's new prosthetic tooth line. Delara meets every need of dental laboratories - delivering aesthetics with a lively surface structure and unique layering, easy set-up and flexibility. Delara's modern and bright shading rejuvenates patients for a fresh and vivid appearance. You have to see it to believe it! » »

Easy set-up: the basal design of Delara was developed especially for easy set-up with minimal grinding and without changing the basic shape and layering during grinding.

Handling security: polishing buffer, basal grinding reserve and optimized incisal edge for predictable results.

»

Flexibility combined with aesthetics: all indications and set-up options are possible. The unique surface structure with its blueish effect and dynamic light refraction provide a fresh and lively appearance.

Visit www.kulzer.com/delara

Giving a hand to oral health. © 2021 Kulzer GmbH. All Rights Reserved.

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l<ULZE�

MITSUI CHEMICALS GROUP

spectrum | NEWS

New DESS Abutment Attachment for DGSHAPE’s DWX-42W Abutment Kit

D

GSHAPE Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Roland DG Corporation and a leading provider of digital fabrication tools worldwide, announced its new Dental Smart Solutions (DESS) Abutment Attachment (AK-1-DE) for the Abutment Kit (AK-1). This accessory is sold separately from the Abutment Kit and is available for all DWX-42W wet dental mill users.

The DESS Attachment joins DGSHAPE’s suite of accessories that enable milling of GeoMedi’s Geo CMFit®, MEDENTiKA’s PreFace® and NT-Trading’s NT-PREFORM® titanium blanks.

The DGSHAPE Abutment Kit (sold separately) is comprised of a specialised filter tray, three dedicated milling burs, a torque wrench, a hexagonal wrench and a receptacle tray. By pairing the Kit with any of DGSHAPE’s Abutment Attachments, DWX-42W users can easily mill custom titanium abutments in-house.

The DESS accessory holds either 10mm or 14mm custom DESS abutment blanks. When outfitted with DGSHAPE’s AK-1 Abutment Kit and any of the Abutment Attachments, the DWX42W employs a lathe milling technique to produce consistent, high quality custom titanium abutments when implant treatment is necessary.

“The DESS Abutment Attachment gives DWX-42W users the freedom to custom mill DESS titanium abutment blanks with the Abutment Kit, offering them additional material options,” said Hisashi Bito, DGSHAPE Corporation’s President of Operations.

“This new accessory demonstrates our ongoing commitment to developing products that provide dental businesses with the tools they need to meet a growing market demand.”

The DESS Attachment is available now through authorised DGSHAPE dental dealers worldwide. For more information on the complete line of DGSHAPE dental products and accessories and to find an authorised reseller in your area, visit https://www.rolanddg.com.au/products/dental/ak1-kits

14 eLABORATE

About DGSHAPE Corporation GSHAPE Corporation is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Roland DG Corporation, established in 2017 to develop and market innovative fabrication technology worldwide. Products include DWX milling devices, DWP-80S 3D printer and DWINDEX2 intuitive software solution for the dental industry, MPX photo impact printers and EGX engravers for industrial and personalisation applications and MDX and monoFab series desktop milling machines for the rapid prototyping, manufacturing and craft applications. DGSHAPE’s employees design and build innovative technology to help users “Shape the Future”.

D

C

M

Y

CM

MY

CY

CMY

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“The DESS Abutment Attachment gives DWX-42W users the freedom to custom mill DESS titanium abutment blanks, offering them additional material options...”

About Roland DG Corporation oland DG Corporation is the world’s leading provider of digital printing solutions. The company’s inkjet printers, printer cutters and cutting machines are widely used to create a broad range of promotional items including banners, signs, vehicle graphics, stickers and labels, and to provide customisation services for apparel and personal items like smartphone cases. Recently, Roland DG has embarked on a promising new retail frontier by capitalising on individuals’ increasing desire to create their own, uniquely designed and decorated items. The company has developed proprietary design and print management software which enables customers to design their own gifts, apparel and treasured mementos, and to enjoy an unforgettable creative experience.

R

For more information, please visit www.rolanddg.com.

September/October 2021

Wet Milling at its Finest DGSHAPE applied its more than 30 years of cutting-edge engineering excellence in developing the DWX-42W – one of the most accurate standalone wet milling devices ever built. A smooth and steady ball-screw driven system provides exceptionally precise results, while a fourth axis allows the DWX-42W to rotate and tilt pin-type material for deep undercuts, simultaneously producing multiple dental restorations with ease.

Incredibly Accurate, High Aesthetic Restorations Designed for wet milling glass ceramic and composite resin pin-type materials, to produce high-quality crowns, copings, 3-unit bridges, inlays, onlays and more.

In-house Production of Custom Abutments The AK-1 Abutment Milling System is a series of attachments to the DWX-42W material holder that allow the custom milling of titanium abutments from popular manufacturers GeoMedi, MEDENTiKA, NT-Trading, and now DESS.

Increase Your Milling Capacity Double your unattended milling capacity from 3 to 6 jobs with the ZV-42W 6-pin adapter, engineered for the DWX-42W and 14mm pin-type blocks or smaller. Mill up to 6 pin-type blocks together with this easy to install accessory.

www.rolanddg.com.au/dwx42w

spectrum | NEWS

New Asiga DentaFORM: 3D print material for vacuum thermoforming

By Terry Whitty

Figure 1. Shake well and pour Asiga DentaFORM into the printer.

Figure 2. For best results use an Asiga 3D printer.

Figure 4. Thermoforming aligners and retainers is a breeze with DentaFORM with no loss of detail from model melting.

Figure 4. Thermoforming aligners and retainers is a breeze with DentaFORM with no loss of detail due to heat affecting the model.

P

rinting 3D models for dental applications to replace gypsum models is slowly becoming the norm. It’s easy now to create accurate models for crown and bridge, orthodontics, splints, sleep devices and some removable prosthetics, however printed models that are required to withstand high heat have been elusive until now. Thermoforming, for example, requires a model that can withstand high temperatures and depending on the material being formed, it needs to be able to withstand high temperatures over time

16 eLABORATE

as the latent heat absorbed by the formed material is also transferred to the model.

Often this leads to model distortion.

Enter Asiga DentaFORM, a 3D printable resin that will withstand high temperatures and is primarily designed for thermoforming techniques. DentaFORM model resin, when printed and processed to the manufacturer’s directions, will impress with its heat resistant properties.

Thermoforming mouthguards are often the benchmark as far as 3D printed models go, primarily due to the material mouthguards are made from.

Figure 3. The Asiga Max UV printer is the perfect choice for DentaFORM.

Ethyl Vinyl Acetate (EVA) forms at anywhere between 80-120˚C, but it also retains heat for a very long time. If you use a standard printed model material, you will often find your model is destroyed.

Not so with Asiga DentaFORM, as it will withstand the heat for perfect high temperature thermoforming. Retainers, mouthguards, bleaching trays, aligners and anything else you throw at it, Asiga DentaFORM performs flawlessly. It’s a must for thermoforming and the new standard in 3D printed resins and arguably best of all, it’s very cost effective.

September/October 2021

spectrum | NEWS

Speed beyond any expectations

N

ew technologies permit sintering zirconia structures - from single crowns to 3-unit bridges - in approximately 1 hour and 30 minutes only, with no variation of flexural strength, colour or fit values, to meet the patient’s growing demand for fast and aesthetic solutions without compromising on quality.

Some of the latest technological solutions recently launched in the market greatly simplify the production process of zirconia restorations. Small structures, for example, can now be produced and delivered to patients in a considerably faster time. This is an important goal to meet the patient’s growing demand for fast and aesthetic solutions without compromising on quality,with the added benefit of increasing one’s service value. Zirkonzahn’s ranges of CAD/CAM equipment and materials are perfectly integrated with each other, for an improved communication within the techno-clinical team and a 100% smooth work process - from patient data registration to the restoration delivery.

A workflow example workflow example for small-size restorations, based on the newest technological developments: 1. Determination of the patient’s natural tooth colour and corresponding zirconia material with the new monolithic zirconia shade guides, available in the shape of a premolar as well as upper and lower incisors (also with minimal cutback for individual characterisation).

The sample teeth accurately reproduce the colour and translucency values of the corresponding zirconia blank. If the final restoration is milled from the selected zirconia material, it is then guaranteed that the final shade will reflect 100% the natural patient’s tooth colour.

2. From scanning to nesting, the workflow can be performed smoothly with Zirkonzahn’s equipment.

3. Milling process with e.g. the M2 Dual milling units: the machines are equipped with two milling chambers - for the subsequent wet and dry milling of materials without in-between cleaning. With the

A

18 eLABORATE

Figure 1. Zirkonofen Turbo is equipped with Ultraspeed programs perfectly adapted to all of Zirkonzahn’s zirconia typologies: the smaller and thinner the structure to be sintered, the shorter the required sintering time.

Figures 2-3. In the Zirkonofen Turbo, zirconia restorations can be sintered by means of special accessories to prevent discolouration and pressure marks on the zirconia structures.

new extra-large Teleskoper Orbit it is now possible to mill in one single process blanks with a 95, 98 (with step), 106 and even 125 mm diameter. Special holders allow the processing of all common soft and hard material as well as up to 9 glass-ceramics, 6 blanks for precast individual titanium abutments and up to 7 small zirconia blanks.

4. Sintering zirconia restorations is now considerably faster with the new Zirkonofen Turbo, which is capable of cutting processing time by 81% and electric consumption by 73%. Indeed, the furnace is equipped with Ultraspeed programs perfectly adapted to all typologies of Zirkonzahn’s zirconia. For instance, small structures can be sintered in approximately 1 hour and 30 minutes only, with no variation of flexural strength, colour or fit values. In addition, the round shape of the sintering chamber ensures optimum heat distribution and a uniform sintering of all zirconia elements. With a volume of 0.9L, the sintering chamber can contain up to three

sintering trays stacked on top of each other, which allow the sintering of 120 zirconia elements, all in just one process.

5. With the new Prettau® Dispersive® zirconia line, manual colouring becomes optional, since the materials - ideal for monolithic restorations - are already provided with natural colour gradient during the manufacturing process. For an even more patient-oriented design, the structure can be further characterised with colouring liquids and stains, or slightly reduced and subsequently layered with conventional ceramics or the new Fresco Ceramics. Developed for both gingival and vestibular regions, these new ceramic pastes do not require staining anymore and thanks to the low shrinkage values, one firing process is sufficient to finish the tooth and gingiva shape.

The new Zirkonofen Turbo zirconia structures can be milled, sintered and veneered in 2 hours and 40 minutes only!

Visit www.zirkonzahn.com or contact: stan@alphabond.com.au

September/October 2021

WATCH THE VIDEO

1. 5

HOURS ONLY

120

ZIRCONIA ELEMENTS

- 81 % TIME

- 73 %

ELECTRIC POWER

NEW! ZIRKONOFEN TURBO SPEED BEYOND ANY EXPECTATIONS -

Round sintering chamber with room for up to 120 zirconia elements or 3 full-arch bridges

-

Ultra speed sintering in 1.5 hours only – zirconia structures can be milled, sintered and veneered in 2 hours and 40 minutes only!

-

Independent temperature calibration

-

Automated cooling through the fully automatic sintering platform

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Baking Recovery function in case of power failure

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Large number of pre-set programs perfectly adapted to each Zirkonzahn’s zirconia

-

Download of updates via LAN or WIFI

-

Creation of individual sintering programs with the new software

-

High resolution 7” colour touch screen and status display via LED lighting

Alphabond Dental Pty Ltd – T +61 2 9417 6660 – stan@alphabond.com.au – www.alphabond.com.au Zirkonzahn Worldwide – T +39 0474 066 680 – info@zirkonzahn.com – www.zirkonzahn.com

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Answer the questions online at www.dentalcommunity.com.au To retrieve your FREE Dental Community Login, Call (02) 9929 1900 or email joseph@dentist.com.au ceramic | TECHNIQUES

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Shape, shade and function in prosthetics

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Biomimetic tooth shapes in accordance with natural models!

With Eva Kerschensteiner

Figure 1. Zirconia powder is pressed into “pucks”.

Sintering zirconia Get your pucks in a row

By Terry Whitty

D

ENTAL ZIRCONIA is composed of a white crystalline powder oxide derived from a naturally occurring metal called zirconium. It is highly versatile and is available in several different forms, including highly translucent zirconia, making it suitable for use anywhere in the mouth, even for patients with severe bruxism. The rise of zirconia as a restorative material has been phenomenal, especially with the advances in CAD/CAM technologies.

Initially, only bone-white substructures could be produced for zirconia restorations, sometimes creating problems in achieving an aesthetically perfect appearance. AS more translucent zirconia materials were introduced and became the “go-to” for posterior monolithic crowns, they looked better but had “more strength than beauty” as one company advertised.

The newer generation of materials we are using now are pre-shaded and can be fabricated to provide highly functional and natural looking restorations with minimal tooth reduction, meeting or even exceeding patient demands. This includes the introduction of super translucent varieties which have a typical strength of 600-700 Mpa and 3D and 4D types where the translucency and strength is variable from the bottom to the top of the puck (disk) of zirconia.

Zirconia is milled in a soft “green” state to the shape desired then placed in a sintering furnace where it is heated to change is state to become a hard ceramic.

Sintering or frittage is the process of compacting and forming a solid mass of material by heat or pressure without melting it to the point of liquification. Sintering happens as part of a manufacturing process used with ceramics, metals, plastics and other materials.

For zirconia, sintering takes place in a furnace where the “green” state soft material is heated to approximately 1500˚C and then undergoes what is know as phase transformation or in layman’s terms, a crystal structure change.

Zirconia basically exists in three crystal forms (monoclinic, orthorhombic and tetragonal), each with a different crystal structure and different properties. A good analogy is graphite and diamond; these are different forms of carbon with different crystal structures. Carbon can undergo a transformation by changing the temperature and/or pressure applied. Graphite turns into diamond or diamond-like carbon at very high temperatures and pressures.

Zirconia also changes under heat and pressure. Pure ZrO2 has a monoclinic crystal structure at room temperature and transitions to tetragonal structure and cubic structure at increasing temperatures. When cooled, the volume of the material is increased and this volume expansion caused by the cubic to tetragonal to monoclinic transformation induces very large stresses.

These stresses will cause pure ZrO2 to crack upon cooling from high temperatures. Several different oxides can be added to Zirconia to stabilise the tetragonal and/or cubic phases and prevent cracking. These include Magnesium Oxide (MgO), Yttrium Oxide (Y2O3), Calcium Oxide (CaO) and Cerium Oxide (Ce2O3), amongst others.

26 eLABORATE

From chrome frameworks to Valplast flexible partial dentures, we’ve got you covered!

Figures 1-2. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe not only wanted to know “what holds the world together at heart,” but was also a founder of morphology; Goethe’s signature is shown upper right as a graphic element.

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September/October 2021

natural morphologies as: “No living thing is One, it’s always Many”. In the development of the new VITAPAN EXCELL anterior tooth line, Registeredthe aim was to biomimetically reproduce this organically grown form. The multi-layer structure is intended to correspond to the anatomy of natural teeth and the laws of biology were consistently taken into account in its shaping and proportions. Here, Eva Kerschensteiner, dental technician and a teeth/prosthetics product and process developer at VITA Zahnfabrik (Germany), reports on the detailed and targeted development of the highly aesthetic VITAPAN EXCELL in accordance with the patent of nature.

Pursuing nature...

ITAPAN EXCELL has been developed to meet the demands of everyday laboratory use. It was important to us that the denture teeth fulfill the wishes and needs of users. The development team exchanged ideas with dental technicians all over the world,” said Ms Kerschensteiner, describing the collaboration during development. In order to come as close as possible to a natural tooth in shape, surface texture, function and aesthetics, the biological original was also painstakingly analysed. The researchers looked for universally valid, structuring principles in morphology, which then contributed to the development of VITAPAN EXCELL. In the meantime, mould construction has opened up completely new possibilities, in terms of implementation.

V

34 eLABORATE

eLaborate Magazine_Free Yourself_Nov21.indd 1

September/October 2021

5/11/21 2:13 pm

Question 1. Silicon Carbide elements...

Question 6. Vitapan Excell multilayer structure:

a. Never wear out. b. Can be cooled quickly without any issues. c. Help make poly dodecahedra crystals in the zirconia. d. Are not suitable for dental use.

a. Is to allow only A3 shades. b. Is intended to correspond to natural teeth. c. Provides more opacity to dead looking teeth. d. Are not suitable for central incisors.

Question 2. Placing an open crucible under a closed crucible will...

Question 7. In order to come close to natural teeth...

a. Help the airflow and help create even heat under the crucible. b. Stop bead discolouration. c. Make the program run 50% faster. d. Help change shades from A3 to A3.5.

a. Dog teeth were studied. b. The biological origins of human teeth were analysed. c. Copies were made from other companies’ tooth ranges. d. Only posterior teeth were studied.

Question 3. Molybdenum Disilicate elements...

Question 8. MRP is...

a. Are perfect for speed sintering. b. Require no cleaning cycle ever. c. Can be problematic by acquiring a quartz layer. d. Never break if wired in series.

a. Marginal Reduced Propaganda. b. Many Residual Polymers. c. Myofunctional Remorse Pandemic. d. Microfiller Reinforced Polymatrix.

Question 4. Phase transformation of zirconia occurs...

Question 9. One stage pressing of the tooth guarantees...

a. During milling. b. During sintering. c. During glazing. d. During polishing.

a. Delamination and chipping. b. No delimitation or chipping. c. Extra delimitation. d. Failure of the tooth by chipping.

Question 5. Speed sintering is currently limited to...

Question 10. After grinding the tooth...

a. Large span full arch bridges. b. Shades of D2 only. c. Small single units and some 3-unit bridges when the correct zirconia is used. d. Any restoration.

a. Colour is destroyed. b. Colour is changed to the next shade. c. The tooth is true to colour. d. Metamerism is non-existent.

INSTRUCTIONS: eLABORATE™ is now offering subscribers the ability to gain 1 Hour CPD credit from reading articles in this edition of the magazine and answering the questions above.

To participate, log in to the Dental Community website at www.dentalcommunity.com.au and click on the CPD Questionnaires link; select the eLABORATE Sep/Oct 2021 questionnaire and then click START. A score greater than 80% is required to PASS and receive CPD. If you do not have a free login, call (02) 9929-1900.

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spectrum | NEWS

Ivoclar Vivadent founding partner of new 3Shape Unite platform in digital dentistry. As a result of this union, users of 3Shape Unite have access to selected chairside and labside solutions from Ivoclar Vivadent, which are fully integrated in the system.

Designing a smile for patients part from the PrograScan One and PrograDesign chairside workflows, popular applications such as IvoSmile and IvoSmile Orthodontics will also soon be available on the 3Shape Unite platform.

A

Popular applications such as IvoSmile and IvoSmile Orthodontics will also be available on the 3Shape Unite platform shortly.

I

voclar Vivadent, one of the world’s leading suppliers of integrated solutions for high-quality dental applications with a comprehensive portfolio of products and systems for dentists and dental technicians, is an official founding partner of 3Shape Unite, a new open platform that brings together the solutions of leading dental companies for the benefit of dental practices and laboratories. The purpose of the platform is to improve patient care, enhance treatment quality and maximize workflow efficiency across multiple applications.

This partnership takes the collaboration of 3Shape and Ivoclar Vivadent to the next level and underscores their intention to work together on developing gamechanging oral healthcare solutions and on driving the digital transformation of dental medicine.

Digital technology is instrumental in speeding up and improving oral and dental treatments and in making them easier to control. Diego Gabathuler, CEO of Ivoclar Vivadent, elaborates: “In the coming years, digital workflows and

24 eLABORATE

integrated systems featuring artificial intelligence will open up entirely new possibilities for dental professionals, which will enable them to improve the aesthetics, quality and efficiency of their work - from monitoring at-home oral health routines to making diagnoses in the dental practice and carrying out minimally invasive, highly aesthetic procedures.”

Digital workflows, especially those that involve the applications from a variety of suppliers, reduce the number of treatment steps and accommodate a wide range of systems, thereby enhancing the efficiency of the dental practice.

3Shape Unite supports digital processes in dentistry he Unite platform from 3Shape allows users to customise, manage and develop workflows, while enjoying the support of a consistently growing app library in the Unite store. Furthermore, the platform establishes an easy and open connection between dental professionals and the appropriate partners and therefore simplifies clinical and technical processes

T

“The Unite platform from 3Shape allows users to customise, manage and develop workflows, while enjoying the support of a consistently growing app library in the Unite store...”

IvoSmile is an augmented reality app that is designed to assist dental professionals with their patient consultations.

Mr Gabathuler explains that by integrating IvoSmile into the consultation and treatment process, augmented reality technology can be used to provide patients with an idea of the possibilities that are available including a preview of their new smile. He added: “Our close partnership goes back many years. The integration of Ivoclar Vivadent workflows in 3Shape Unite represents the next step in our pioneering collaboration and will connect the dental industry even more closely. In addition, dentists and dental technicians will have easy access to all the features and benefits of the innovative solutions from Ivoclar Vivadent and 3Shape.”

For more information, contact Ivoclar Vivadent on 1300-IVOCLAR or in New Zealand, call 0508 IVOCLAR.

September/October 2021

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Figure 1. Zirconia powder is pressed into “pucks”.

Sintering zirconia Get your pucks in a row

By Terry Whitty

D

ENTAL ZIRCONIA is composed of a white crystalline powder oxide derived from a naturally occurring metal called zirconium. It is highly versatile and is available in several different forms, including highly translucent zirconia, making it suitable for use anywhere in the mouth, even for patients with severe bruxism. The rise of zirconia as a restorative material has been phenomenal, especially with the advances in CAD/CAM technologies.

Initially, only bone-white substructures could be produced for zirconia restorations, sometimes creating problems in achieving an aesthetically perfect appearance. AS more translucent zirconia materials were introduced and became the “go-to” for posterior monolithic crowns, they looked better but had “more strength than beauty” as one company advertised.

The newer generation of materials we are using now are pre-shaded and can be fabricated to provide highly functional and natural looking restorations with minimal tooth reduction, meeting or even exceeding patient demands. This includes the introduction of super translucent varieties which have a typical strength of 600-700 Mpa and 3D and 4D types where the translucency and strength is variable from the bottom to the top of the puck (disk) of zirconia.

Zirconia is milled in a soft “green” state to the shape desired then placed in a sintering furnace where it is heated to change is state to become a hard ceramic.

26 eLABORATE

Sintering or frittage is the process of compacting and forming a solid mass of material by heat or pressure without melting it to the point of liquification. Sintering happens as part of a manufacturing process used with ceramics, metals, plastics and other materials.

For zirconia, sintering takes place in a furnace where the “green” state soft material is heated to approximately 1500˚C and then undergoes what is know as phase transformation or in layman’s terms, a crystal structure change.

Zirconia basically exists in three crystal forms (monoclinic, orthorhombic and tetragonal), each with a different crystal structure and different properties. A good analogy is graphite and diamond; these are different forms of carbon with different crystal structures. Carbon can undergo a transformation by changing the temperature and/or pressure applied. Graphite turns into diamond or diamond-like carbon at very high temperatures and pressures.

Zirconia also changes under heat and pressure. Pure ZrO2 has a monoclinic crystal structure at room temperature and transitions to tetragonal structure and cubic structure at increasing temperatures. When cooled, the volume of the material is increased and this volume expansion caused by the cubic to tetragonal to monoclinic transformation induces very large stresses.

These stresses will cause pure ZrO2 to crack upon cooling from high temperatures. Several different oxides can be added to Zirconia to stabilise the tetragonal and/or cubic phases and prevent cracking. These include Magnesium Oxide (MgO), Yttrium Oxide (Y2O3), Calcium Oxide (CaO) and Cerium Oxide (Ce2O3), amongst others.

September/October 2021

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September/October 2021

eLABORATE

27

ceramic | TECHNIQUES

Figure 2. Multilayered Zirconia “puck”.

Figure 3. Transformation toughening process.

Figure 4. Left closed crucible right open crucible.

Zirconia is very useful in its “stabilised” state. In some cases, the tetragonal phase can be “metastable” or stable provided it is subjected to no more than small disturbances. If sufficient quantities of the metastable tetragonal phase are present, then an applied stress, magnified by the stress concentration at a crack tip, can cause the tetragonal phase to convert to monoclinic, with the associated volume expansion. This phase transformation can then put the crack into compression, retarding its growth and enhancing the fracture toughness. This mechanism is known as transformation toughening and significantly extends the reliability and lifetime of products made with stabilised Zirconia. A special case of zirconia is that of Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystalline or TZP, which is indicative of polycrystalline Zirconia composed of only the metastable tetragonal phase.

For dental applications, mainly Yttrium-Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystalline (Y-TZP) zirconia is used. This phase transformation is an incredibly important part of the manufacturing process and one that is often overlooked. The problem is everything takes place at an atomic level so unless there is an obvious defect such as a crack, it is very hard to tell if the restoration is viable unless attention to detail during the whole process is carried out.

In this article, the intention is to look into the sintering process and all the variables that may occur and what to do to avoid things going pear shaped.

28 eLABORATE

Figure 5. Using an open crucible to enhance heating under a closed crucible.

Figure 6. MoSi2 Element.

September/October 2021

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Figure 7. Liquid colourants.

Figure 8. Applying colour to zirconia.

Figure 9. Silicon Carbide element.

Figure 10. Front opening furnace.

The crucible he crucible, otherwise known as a “sagger”, is where the milled restorations are placed during sintering. This will typically have a lid so will be considered a closed crucible. There are two reasons for this. Firstly to contain any pollutants coming from any colouring liquids in order to reduce the degradation of the furnace and cross contamination. Even newer water-based colourants do contain acids and by using a covered tray the acid vapours are contained in the crucible. The second reason is to reduce the discolouration of the zirconia by the heating element and the acids in the colourants. If the heating elements are made of MoSi2 (Molybdenum disilicate), then these elements are degraded by the colorants.

Using covered crucibles also introduces negative consequences as there are now two atmospheres in the furnace, one in the covered crucible and one surrounding the crucible. To correctly control thermal properties, a long slow sintering program is required. Accurate slow ramp rates and a long holding cycle must be used. It is good to remember that the atmosphere is not measured inside the crucible as the thermocouple (temperature measuring device) is outside the crucible.

T

Position of crucible eat rises, so if the crucible is placed directly on the platform, it will be in a cooler area, often in the range of 30 degrees less than where the heat is measured and that is usually toward

H

30 eLABORATE

the top of the furnace. In an ideal situation, an airspace should be below the crucible. This can be another crucible designed with airspaces. Also, the platform is made from a highly heat resistant material so it will be cooler in this area, yes it’s a few degrees but this all matters if good results are to be achieved. Also don’t forget if you use beads in your crucible to change these regularly as they will get contaminated too.

Insulation uality insulation is critical as it will provide a more consistent temperature through the crucial final temperature hold phase of the sintering. Furnaces of quality use a multilayer approach to insulation whilst cheaper furnaces that are not properly insulated will develop cold spots and cost a lot more to run as too much heat is being lost and the elements will be overworked .

Q

Thermocouple ne of the most overlooked parts of a furnace is the thermocouple. This device is inserted into the furnace heating chamber to obtain temperature readings. If this is faulty or just cheap it will give false readings leading to inconsistencies in you work. Thermocouples are generally made from a thin rod of platinum which is an excellent conductor of heat and can withstand very high temperatures. To protect the platinum, a sheath of alumina is often used. The bad news is alumina is a poor conductor of heat and it will delay a correct reading so a correctly

O

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Figure 11. Cameo bottom load furnace is ideal for speed sintering.

Figure 12. Zirconia can look great but you won’t speed sinter a case like this... well not yet!

designed thermocouple will often have some exposed platinum.

This will give a better “real time” reading. It’s important to note that alumina can become contaminated so if you see your sintered zirconia have a green hue, that may be the reason. Some furnaces also include a high heat cleaning cycle. This will help decontaminate the elements - always check your manual if this is needed. It’s also very important to calibrate the furnace and every 3 months is probably a good place to start.

longer - it’s an age thing. Silicon Carbide elements usually last 6 months to a year with regular daily use. They are built to fire at a maximum temperature of about 1600˚C so are near their upper limit every firing cycle. The advantages of SiC are that you do not need covered crucibles and this completely eliminates the dual atmosphere issue mentioned before. SiC elements can cool quickly and this leads us to our next section.

Design of furnace sually this falls into 2 categories - door-type and bottom loading. The accuracy of the front door type is hugely dependant on the seal and insulation of the door as it has a massive area to cover and seal. As a result, these are prone to uneven heat issues. Bottom loading furnaces are proving more popular and thermocouple placement is less critical.

U

Heating elements othing in the dental lab needs as much firing heat as zirconia as most fire at 1450-1500˚C, so solid reliable elements are needed. Two types of heating elements are generally used.

Molybdenum dislicate ( MoSi2) or Silicon carbide (SiC).

MoSi2 has a high heat rating of 1800˚C so when heating zirconia, these are well below the high limit of these elements.

This results in a longer life expectancy, however they can tend to form a protective layer of quartz on the outer surface. If this is exposed to contaminants such as colourants, a lower melting quartz phase can form and melt from the elements. If this gets anywhere near the zirconia, it will discolour it and also can have an adverse effect on the thermocouple. Once the thermocouple is contaminated, it’s possible to end up with green zirconia. If you can’t control this with a cleaning cycle, you will need to replace the elements and the thermocouple (ouch!). Use crucible covers as mentioned before as these help a lot.

One last note, over time, MoSi2 elements become more resistant so you will find the sintering cycle will eventually take

N

32 eLABORATE

Speed sintering here is much talk lately about super fast sintering of zirconia.

This is part product and part furnace design strategy as they need to go hand in hand. For example, if you try and speed sinter standard zirconia in a standard furnace with MoSi2 elements, it will be a disaster as your elements will collapse if heated or cooled too quickly. On the other hand, SiC elements can cope with fast ramp up to top temperatures and can also cope with rapid cooling and even opening the furnace at high temperatures. With that in mind, the most important outcome is the crystalline structure of the sintered zirconia. It’s unlikely anyone will advise you to sinter a full arch restoration in under an hour but with the right type of material and a correctly designed furnace, you will get away with single units and most likely 3-unit bridges. Again it’s most important to keep all your processes pristine, calibrated and checked as it’s very hard to see a collapsing atomic structure with the naked eye and there is nothing worse than a failure in the mouth.

T

About the author Terence Whitty is a well-known dental technology key opinion leader and lectures nationally and internationally on a variety of dental technology and material science subjects. He is the founder and owner of Fabdent, a busy dental laboratory in Sydney specialising in high tech manufacturing. Using the latest advances in intra- and extra-oral scanning, CAD/CAM, milling, grinding and 3D printing, most specialties are covered including ortho, fixed and removable prosthetics, computerised implant planning and guidance, TMD, sleep appliances and paediatrics.

September/October 2021

prosthetic | TECHNIQUES

READ ME FOR

CPD

Shape, shade and function in prosthetics Biomimetic tooth shapes in accordance with natural models!

With Eva Kerschensteiner

Figures 1-2. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe not only wanted to know “what holds the world together at heart,” but was also a founder of morphology; Goethe’s signature is shown upper right as a graphic element.

T

he universal scholar Johann Wolfgang von Goethe once described the inner complexity of natural morphologies as: “No living thing is One, it’s always Many”. In the development of the new VITAPAN EXCELL anterior tooth line, the aim was to biomimetically reproduce this organically grown form. The multi-layer structure is intended to correspond to the anatomy of natural teeth and the laws of biology were consistently taken into account in its shaping and proportions. Here, Eva Kerschensteiner, dental technician and a teeth/prosthetics product and process developer at VITA Zahnfabrik (Germany), reports on the detailed and targeted development of the highly aesthetic VITAPAN EXCELL in accordance with the patent of nature.

34 eLABORATE

Pursuing nature...

ITAPAN EXCELL has been developed to meet the demands of everyday laboratory use. It was important to us that the denture teeth fulfill the wishes and needs of users. The development team exchanged ideas with dental technicians all over the world,” said Ms Kerschensteiner, describing the collaboration during development. In order to come as close as possible to a natural tooth in shape, surface texture, function and aesthetics, the biological original was also painstakingly analysed. The researchers looked for universally valid, structuring principles in morphology, which then contributed to the development of VITAPAN EXCELL. In the meantime, mould construction has opened up completely new possibilities, in terms of implementation.

V

September/October 2021

ALWAYS ESTHETIC. ALWAYS FUNCTIONAL.

VITAPAN EXCELL® Lively, natural and highly esthetic VITAPAN EXCELL anterior teeth and VITAPAN LINGOFORM posterior teeth are a perfectly matched multifunctional combination for all established prosthetic concepts.

! n, call us io t a m r o f in For more las +1300 65 88 22 ein Ha Henry Sch .au schein.com lab@henry

Scan the QR code and discover other interesting clinical cases in detail: www.vita-zahnfabrik.com/EXCELLcases

prosthetic | TECHNIQUES

“Tools for mould construction have become more sophisticated. For this reason, surfaces and shapes can now be more easily carved out,” Ms Kerschensteiner said, explaining how this advantage could be used. The tried and tested VITA MRP (Microfiller Reinforced Polymermatrix) composite formula, as with all VITA denture teeth, ensures the best abrasion resistance and lasting clinical rehabilitation. The special, one-stage pressing process of the neck, dentin and incisal materials guarantees no delamination and chipping. Even after fine grinding, the universal tooth remains absolutely true to colour in combination, partial and total prosthetics thanks to its brilliant vitality in shape and fine-tuned translucency. The highly aesthetic anterior teeth set with tooth axes, contact surfaces, angular features, cervical dimension, length-width ratio and harmonious gingival progression in accordance with the proportions of nature, enables intuitive, user-friendly and efficient positioning.

36 eLABORATE

Figure 3 (Above). Digitized morphology modelled after nature: for VITAPAN EXCELL, real extracted teeth were modelled.

Figure 4 (Below). Design software helped to design VITAPAN EXCELL virtually.

September/October 2021

Introducing....

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Joining Australian is an investment in your future and that of the Dental Technology profession The Australian Dental Technicians Association

The Australian Dental Technicians Association Joining is an investment in your future and that of the Dental Technology profession The Australian Dental Technicians Association Joining is an investment in your future and that of the Dental Technology profession Joining is an investment in your future and that of the Dental Technology profession JOIN HERE www.australiandentaltechnicians.com.au The Australian Dental Technicians Association The Australian Dental Technicians Association Joining is an investment in your future and that of the Dental Technology JOIN HERE www.australiandentaltechnicians.com.au Joining is an investment in your future and that of the Dental Technology profession profession JOIN HERE www.australiandentaltechnicians.com.au Joiningisisan aninvestment investment yourfuture future andthat thatofofthe theDental DentalTechnology Technology profession JOIN HERE www.australiandentaltechnicians.com.au Joining ininyour and profession JOIN HERE www.australiandentaltechnicians.com.au

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The ADTA has YOUR back and is dedicated to minimising any burden due to new legislation The ADTA has YOUR back and is dedicated to minimising any burden due to new legislation The ADTA has YOUR back and is dedicated to minimising any burden due to new legislation The ADTA has YOUR back and is dedicated to minimising any burden due to new legislation The ADTA has YOUR back and is dedicated to minimising any burden due to new The ADTA has YOUR back and is dedicated to minimising any burden due to new legislation legislation Support Network The ADTA has YOUR back and is dedicated to minimising any burden due to new ADTA hasSupport YOUR back and is dedicated to minimising any burden due to newlegislation legislation Network

Support Network No matter whether you are just starting out as a student, need advice with a business startup or Support Network Support Network No matter whether are just starting out as aa student, need advice with aa business Support Network want to expand youryou business into a more dynamic organisation, the ADTA has diversestartup skills, or No matter whether you are just starting out as student, need advice with business startup or No matter whether you are just starting out as a student, need advice with a business startup or want to expand your business into a more dynamic organisation, the ADTA has diverse skills, Support Network No matter whether you are just starting out as a student, need advice with a business startup or Support Network knowledge and a vast network of experience on offer at your service. want to expand your business into a more dynamic organisation, the ADTA has diverse skills, No matter whether you are just starting out as a student, need advice with a business startup want to expand your business into a more dynamic organisation, the ADTA has diverse skills, or

knowledge and aayour vast network of experience on offer at your service. want to business into aa more dynamic organisation, the has skills, knowledge and vast network of experience at your service.

No whether you are starting out ason student, need advice with a business startup or or No matter matter whether you arejust just starting out asa aoffer student, need advice with a diverse business startup want to expand expand your business into more dynamic organisation, the ADTA ADTA has diverse skills, knowledge and a vast network of experience on offer at your service. knowledge and a vast network of experience on offer at your service. want expand aamore organisation, the ADTA has diverse skills, knowledge and ayour vastbusiness networkinto of experience on offer at your service. wantto to expand your business into moredynamic dynamic organisation, the ADTA has diverse skills, TGA Guidance knowledge and a vast network of experience on offer at your service.

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TGA Guidance The ADTA has strong representation within the TGA's Dental Sector Working Group (DSWG) and TGA Guidance TGA Guidance The ADTA has strong representation within the Dental Sector TGA Guidance is well equipped to guide members through theTGA's process when listingWorking devices Group on the(DSWG) ARTG. and The ADTA has strong representation within the TGA's Dental Sector Working Group (DSWG) and The ADTA has strong representation within the TGA's Dental Sector Working Group (DSWG) and is well equipped to guide members through the process when listing devices on the ARTG. TGA Guidance The ADTA has strong representation within the TGA's Dental Sector Working Group (DSWG) and Members will be kept up to date with pertinent information.

TGA Guidance is well equipped to guide members through the process when listing devices on the ARTG. The ADTA has strong representation within the TGA's Dental Sector Working Group (DSWG) and is well equipped to guide members through the process when listing devices on the ARTG. Members will be kept up to date with pertinent information. is well equipped to guide members through the process when listing devices on the ARTG. Members will be kept up to date with pertinent information.

The ADTA has strong representation within the TGA's Dental Sector Working Group (DSWG) and is well equipped to guide members through the process when listing devices on the ARTG. The ADTAwill hasbe strong representation within theinformation.

TGA's Dental Sector Working Group (DSWG) and Members kept up to date with pertinent Members will be kept up to date with pertinent information. is well equipped to guide members through the process when listing devices on the ARTG. Members will be kept up tomembers date withthrough pertinent information. is well equipped to guide the process when listing devices on the ARTG. Dental Laboratory Certification Scheme* Members will be up date pertinent information.

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Dental Certification Scheme* An industryLaboratory managed and Conformity scheme specifically for Dental Laboratories, Dental Laboratory Certification Scheme* Dental Laboratory Certification Scheme* An industry managed Certification and Conformity scheme specifically for Dental Laboratories, Dental Laboratory Scheme* this scheme identifies Certification thoseCertification that have demonstrated their capabilities against a national An industry managed and Conformity scheme specifically for Dental Laboratories, An industry managed Certification and Conformity scheme specifically for Dental Laboratories, this scheme identifies those that have demonstrated their capabilities against a national Dental Laboratory Certification Scheme* An industry managed Certification and Conformity scheme specifically for Dental Laboratories, standard and displayed their commitment to maintaining quality within dental technology. this scheme identifies those that have demonstrated their capabilities against a national Dental Laboratory Certification Scheme* An industry managed Certification and Conformity scheme specifically for Dental Laboratories, this scheme identifies those that have demonstrated their capabilities against aatechnology. national standard and displayed their commitment to maintaining quality within dental this scheme identifies those that have demonstrated their capabilities against national standard and displayed their commitment to maintaining quality within dental technology.

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prosthetic | TECHNIQUES

Figure 5 (Above). Total prosthetic work with VITAPAN EXCELL from MDT Franz Hoppe.

Figure 6 (Below). VITAPAN EXCELL upper anterior set.

Shade accuracy, light dynamics, perfect shape ver several years of development work, all the desired criteria were successfully implemented. In order to experience the vivid play of colors of the three-dimensional anatomy of VITAPAN EXCELL in the patient’s mouth, only the most important ingredient needs to be added: light. Goethe also knew about the crucial importance of light for color: “[...] it is not possible to have color without light, it is the contributory source and basis for its appearance, the force that brings it about and manifests it.”

O

Originally published in dental dialogue 4/2018 published by teamwork media GmbH, Germany.

38 eLABORATE

September/October 2021

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Digital Solutions

STRA108 09/21

Customised Implant Prosthetics

thermoforming | TECHNIQUES

How to modify splint occlusion using the Occluform 3

By Peter Herring, Adv Dip Dent Tech, ACCDP

T

he combination of an Erkoform rapid vacuum unit and an Occluform 3 gives the ability to imprint opposing occlusion at the same time as the thermoforming process. However, it is also possible to extend the scope of this beyond simply indenting the dentition.

In this article, we demonstrate just some of the possibilities for manipulating the occlusion of the thermoforming material with reference to occlusal splints.

These steps are performed while the material is in a hot plastic state, immediately after the material has formed.

Creating a posterior occlusal plane

Figure 1. Articulated models with a class one relationship. For this case, we will create a posterior occlusal plane with point contact across the arch.

Figure 2. A polyethylene foil (PE) (Erkolen 1.00mm thickness) is placed to cover the posterior segments of the hot newly formed foil.

Figure 3. The opposing model is occluded to deform the posterior material to a flat plane. Close to within 1mm of contact with the anterior segment.

Figure 4. Open the Occluform 3, remove the PE foil and bring the opossing model to the foil to give contact to all teeth.

Figure 5. Allow to cool, refine occlusion and finish the splint.

Forming canine guidance Figure 6. To produce canine guidance with the Occluform 3 closed - shape the soft material upwards in the required areas using a clean stainless steel instrument.

Figure 7. When the cooling cycle is complete, define the shape of the guidance and finish the appliance.

40 eLABORATE

September/October 2021

thermoforming | TECHNIQUES Compensating for a Class II occlusion

Figure 8. Here we want to include anterior contact for a case with a Class II relationship.

Figure 9. Use a small segment of PE and place on the just-formed material in the area that requires supplementation.

Figure 10. Quickly occlude the models to displace the material palatally then...

About the author

Figure 11. ...Immediately open the Occluform 3 and replace the PE segment with a full foil covering the entire occlusion.

Close to form a plane.

+ Occluform 3 Automated thermoforming with integrated articulator

Figure 12. Remove the PE foil and occlude the opposing model to give contact to all teeth. Refine and finish the splint.

Peter Herring is a dental technician, prosthetist and a regular contributor to eLABORATE. He is the Australasian and Indonesian distributor for Erkodent products and spends his time between offices in Perth and Bali. He also operates a busy Australian lab dedicated to thermoformed appliances. He can be contacted at pjh@erkodent.com.au or for general enquires, call Freecall 1800-242-634.

The model is positioned The heating cycle initiated The 3d Motion automatically completes the thermoforming and cooling cycle 3d motion & Occluform 3 Package $5940 ex GST Limited numbers at 2021 pricing

telephone toll free 1800 242 634 - email info@erkodent.com.au online shop www.erkodent.com.au

September/October 2021

eLABORATE

41

new | PRODUCTS Information contained in this section is provided by the manufacturers or distributors. eLABORATE does not assume responsibility for the accuracy of the data.

New Zapit accelerator pen

Optishade Styleitaliano shade matching

The new Zapit Accelerator is for the Zapit Base block out material. Zapit - The formula that introduced the stateof-the-art method of fixing problematic dies is still the hallmark of performance after over 30 years of successful use. The Zapit accelerator pen requires application prior to dispensing the Base or Adhesive material.

Pre-application of the accelerator with the “Soft-Touch” tips eliminates the spraying of material into the working environment or onto the operator’s

Optishade Styleitaliano provides a new solution for shade matching that surpasses all the other digital colour measurement devices with its accuracy and repeatability! Currently only for Apple iPhones, the kit includes the Optishade Styleitaliano unit complete with Capture Guide Cone and

hands or fingers. It also allows the Base material to harden from the “inside out”, resulting in a clean, smooth finished surface. Merely touching the work area not only improves control, but it also minimises product usage, thereby saving money.

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Calibration Cap, 4 Capture Guide Cones, 4 Calibration Caps, Optishade Styleitaliano App and a 30-day free licence for Matisse software.

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Jensen Miyo Liquid Ceramic Brush Set

New Artex CR Gold special edition

The MiYO Liquid Ceramic brush set is the latest in a long list of dental innovations pioneered by Jensen Dental. The first time you use any of the components you will see a difference in your work. Developed by the ceramists who pioneered the MiYO Liquid Ceramic System, the MiYO brush set is so much more than a brush set. The 6-piece set actually improves aesthetics and decreases working time so you can get great results the first

The Artex CR universal diagnostic and therapeutic device in Arcon design features a reproducible centric system which ensures a safe start and end position of each patient movement. Defects of less than 20 µm can be detected, controlled and eliminated with the Artex articulator. The Artex is lightweight, stable, ergonomic and highly precise - features which simplify and speed up working on the model. This drastically reduces errors and saves on material and labor costs in the laboratory and dental practice. Therefore it is not only the patient who benefits from a perfectly fitting restoration.

Amann Girrbach now proudly presents the special edition Artex CR Gold, limited to 1000 units. The carbon gold-look of the articulators is symbolic of the Artex premium quality and

42 eLABORATE

time... and every time. A brush is a brush is a brush, right?

Wrong! The six-piece MiYO brush set are all specifically designed to use with MiYO Color & Structure materials.

Now you can increase your aesthetics and decrease your time at the bench like a pro.

Available: Alphabond Dental Tel: (02) 9417-6660 info@alphabond.com.au www.alpabond.com.au

its status as the most widely used chewing simulator in the world. They can be ordered via the Amann Girrbach sales contact while stocks last.

Available: Amann Girrbach Tel: (02) 8575-8675 info.amanngirrbach.com/artex-gold

September/October 2021

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