toxic3 by department of environmental quality promotion thailand

°“√µ‘¥µ“¡µ√«® Õ∫°“√ªπ‡ªóôÕπ¢Õß “√ÀπŸ„πΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß·≈–πÈ”Ωπ „π Õ.√àÕπæ‘∫Ÿ≈¬å ®.π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ Study on Arsenic Contamination in Dust and Rainwater at Ron phibun District Nakhon Sri-Tammaraj Province ‡®π«‘∑¬å «ß…å»“πŸπ* , ÿ°—≠≠“ ∫ÿ≠‡©≈‘¡°‘®* æπ¡æ√ «ß…åª“π*, ≈”‰¬ ‰™¬‚¬*

°“√‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ßπÈ”Ωπ

∫∑§—¥¬àÕ

Hydride Generator Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

¡’§«“¡‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥â«à“ΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß∑’ËøÿÑß°√–®“¬ „πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑’Ë¡’°“√ªπ‡ªóôÕπ¥â«¬ “√ÀπŸ„π Õ.√àÕπæ‘∫Ÿ≈¬å ®.π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ®–¡’ “√ÀπŸªπ‡ªóôÕπ„πΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß ‡À≈à “ π—È π ¥â « ¬ °“√»÷ ° …“‚¥¬°“√°”Àπ¥®ÿ ¥ ‡°Á ∫ µ—«Õ¬à“ß∑—ÈßΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß·≈–πÈ”Ωπ ®”π«π 12 ®ÿ¥ Õ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕßµ≈Õ¥ªï ∑ÿ°Ê ‡¥◊Õπ π”¡“«‘‡§√“–Àå ∂÷ßª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ∑’Ëª–ªπ √«¡∑—ÈßÀ“§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å ¢ÕßΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß·≈–πÈ”Ωπ æ∫«à“®ÿ¥‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß´÷ËßÕ¬Ÿà „πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑’Ë¡’°“√ªπ‡ªóôÕπ·≈–°“√°√–®—¥°√–®“¬¢Õß ‡»…·√à °“°·√à À√◊Õæ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑’Ëºà“π°“√∑”‡À¡◊Õß·√à¡“ °àÕπ®–¡’ª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ„πΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß·≈–πÈ”Ωπ Ÿß °«à“∫√‘‡«≥Õ◊Ëπ ·µàª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ„ππÈ”Ωπ‚¥¬‡©≈’Ë¬ ®–µË” °«à “ ‡°≥±å ¡ “µ√∞“ππÈ” ¥◊Ë ¡ ¢Õß WHO (10 ‰¡‚§√°√— ¡ µà Õ ≈‘ µ √) ·≈–¡’ §à “ Õ¬Ÿà √ –À«à “ ß§à “ ‡©≈’Ë ¬

*»Ÿπ¬å«‘®—¬·≈–Ωñ°Õ∫√¡¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ °√¡ àß‡ √‘¡§ÿ≥¿“æ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‡∑§‚π∏“π’ µ.§≈ÕßÀâ“ Õ.§≈ÕßÀ≈«ß ®.ª∑ÿ¡∏“π’ 12120 ‚∑√. 0-2577-1136 ‚∑√ “√. 0-2577-1138 Environmental Research and Training Center, Department of Environmental Quality Promotion. Technopolis. Klong 5 Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120 e-mail: Jenewit@deqp.go.th

ª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ„ππÈ”Ωπ„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’Ë ‰¡à ¡’ ° “√ ªπ‡ªóôÕπ (0.55-12 ‰¡‚§√°√—¡µàÕ≈‘µ√) ®÷ß‡™◊ËÕ‰¥â«à“ πÈ” Ωπ‡ªì π ·À≈à ß πÈ” ∑’Ë ª ≈Õ¥¿— ¬ „π°“√„™â ∫ √‘ ‚ ¿§ ·µà §«√¡’«‘∏’°“√‰¡à „Àâ¡’ΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕßª–ªπ„π¿“™π–∫√√®ÿ πÈ”Ωπ‡À≈à“π—πÈ

ABSTRACT Ron phibun subdistrict is the old mining area. It is possible that dust which scattered from the rock and/or the mining waste containing by arsenic. By setting 12 dust and rain water collecting stations continuously for 1 year, dust and rain water samples were collected and analysed for arsenic concentration and study a relation between arsenic level in dust and rain water. The result of the study showed that the average of arsenic level in dust in the mining area is higher than the other sites. On average, arsenic concentrations in rainwater are lower than the drinking water standard by WHO (10 mg/l) or in the range of the uncontaminated area (0.55-12 mg/l) then it can be believed that rain water is safe water.

°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬·≈–µ‘¥µ“¡µ√«® Õ∫À“°“√ªπ‡ªóôÕπ ¢Õß “√ÀπŸ„πΩÿÉπ≈–Õß·≈–πÈ”Ωπ„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ëπ’È ®÷ß®”‡ªìπ Õ¬à “ ß¬‘Ë ß ¢â Õ ¡Ÿ ≈ ·≈–º≈°“√»÷ ° …“∑’Ë ‰ ¥â ® –π”¡“ π—∫ πÿπ„Àâª√–™“™πÀ—π¡“„™âπÈ”Ωπ¡“°¢÷Èπ ‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ ¢ ¿“æÕπ“¡— ¬ ∑’Ë ¥’ · ≈–≈¥§«“¡‡ ’Ë ¬ ßµà Õ °“√‰¥â √— ∫ “√ÀπŸ‡¢â“ Ÿà√à“ß°“¬µ≈Õ¥‰ª

1.1 «—µ∂ÿª√– ß§å ‡æ◊Ë Õ »÷ ° …“°“√ªπ‡ªóô Õ π¢Õß “√ÀπŸ „ π ΩÿπÉ ≈–ÕÕß·≈–πÈ”Ωπ„πæ◊πÈ ∑’Ë µ.√àÕπæ‘∫≈Ÿ ¬å Õ.√àÕπæ‘∫≈Ÿ ¬å ®.π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ·≈–«‘‡§√“–Àå§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢Õß ª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ„ππÈ”Ωπ °—∫ª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ„πΩÿπÉ ≈–ÕÕß √«¡∑—Èßµ‘¥µ“¡µ√«® Õ∫§ÿ≥¿“æπÈ”ΩπÕ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß

1.2 ‡ªÑ“À¡“¬·≈–°“√π”‰ª„™âª√–‚¬™πå ●

∑√“∫∂÷ß°“√ªπ‡ªóôÕπ·≈–§ÿ≥¿“æπÈ”Ωπ Õ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß‡ªìπ‡«≈“ 1 ªï ● ∑√“∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢Õß°“√ªπ‡ªóôÕπ¢Õß “√ÀπŸ„πΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß°—∫πÈ”Ωπ ● π”‰ª„™â „ π°“√‡º¬·æ√à · π–π”«‘ ∏’ ° “√ ∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕß„π°“√‡°Á∫·≈–√—°…“πÈ”Ωπ ● ª√–™“™π„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë≈¥§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß®“°°“√ ‰¥â√—∫ “√ÀπŸ®“°°“√„™âπÈ”„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë

2. «— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å·≈–«‘∏’°“√ 2.1 «‘∏’°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π ●

1. ∫∑π” °“√∑’Ë µ √«®æ∫°“√ªπ‡ªóô Õ π¢Õß “√ÀπŸ ∑’Ë Õ.√àÕπæ‘∫Ÿ≈¬å ®.π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ®“°·À≈àßπÈ”µà“ßÊ ‡™àπ πÈ”º‘«¥‘π πÈ”„µâ¥‘π√–¥—∫µ◊Èπ ·≈–πÈ”„µâ¥‘π√–¥—∫ ≈÷°∫“ßæ◊Èπ∑’Ë √«¡∑—Èßº‘«¥‘π√–¥—∫µ◊Èπ„π∫√‘‡«≥¥—ß°≈à“« (1) ∑”„Àâª√–™“°√„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß Ÿß„π°“√∑’Ë ‰¥â √— ∫ “√ÀπŸ ® “°°“√„™â πÈ” Õÿ ª ‚¿§ ∫√‘ ‚ ¿§„π™’ «‘ µ ª√–®”«—π ·¡â«à“∫“ßæ◊Èπ∑’Ë®–‰¥â√—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿππÈ” –Õ“¥∑’Ëª√“»®“° “√ÀπŸ·≈â«°Áµ“¡ ·µà∫“ßæ◊Èπ∑’Ë À√◊Õ∫“ß™à«ß‡«≈“°Á ‰¡à‡æ’¬ßæÕµàÕ§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ¥—ßπ—Èπ ∑“ß‡≈◊ Õ °∑’Ë ßà “ ¬∑’Ë ÿ ¥ „π°“√À“·À≈à ß πÈ” §◊ Õ °“√„™â πÈ”Ωπ ´÷Ëßæ◊Èπ∑’Ëπ’È¡’ª√‘¡“≥Ωπµ°™ÿ°·µà≈–ªï ·≈– “¡“√∂π”πÈ”Ωπ¡“®—¥∑”‡ªìπ·À≈àßπÈ” ”√Õß„π°“√ Õÿ ª ‚¿§∫√‘ ‚ ¿§‰¥â ·µà ¬— ß ‰¡à ¡’ ºŸâ »÷ ° …“À√◊ Õ ¡’ ¢â Õ ¡Ÿ ≈ ‡æ’¬ßæÕ∑’Ë®–√—∫ª√–°—π‰¥â«à“πÈ”Ωπ®–ª≈Õ¥¿—¬Õ¬à“ß ·πàπÕπ ¥—ßπ—Èπ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ°“√≈¥§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß·≈–‡æ‘Ë¡ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¡—Ëπ·°àª√–™“°√„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë „Àâ¡’∑“ß‡≈◊Õ° ·≈– À— π ¡“„™â À √◊ Õ °— ° ‡°Á ∫ πÈ” Ωπ‡æ◊Ë Õ °“√∫√‘ ‚ ¿§Õÿ ª ‚¿§ »Ÿπ¬å«‘®—¬·≈–Ωñ°Õ∫√¡¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ °√¡ àß‡ √‘¡§ÿ≥¿“æ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡

°“√°”Àπ¥™à«ß‡«≈“°“√‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß®– ¥”‡π‘π°“√µàÕ‡π◊ËÕßµ≈Õ¥‡«≈“ 1 ªï ‡√‘Ë¡®“°‡¥◊Õπ æƒ…¿“§¡ 2542 ∂÷ ß ‡¥◊ Õ πæƒ…¿“§¡ 2543 „π ·µà≈–‡¥◊Õπ®–°”Àπ¥‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß 10 «—π µàÕ‡π◊ËÕß ● °“√°”Àπ¥®ÿ ¥ ‡°Á ∫ µ— « Õ¬à “ ß À√◊ Õ ®ÿ ¥ ∑’Ë µ‘¥µ—ÈßÕÿª°√≥å‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß®”π«π 12 ®ÿ¥ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ¥—ßµ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 ·≈–√Ÿª∑’Ë 1 ● «‘∏’°“√‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß Õÿª°√≥å‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß √Ÿª∑’Ë 2 µ—«Õ¬à“ßπÈ”Ωπ·≈–µ—«Õ¬à“ßΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß®–∂Ÿ° ∫√√®ÿ„π∂—ß¢π“¥ 20 ≈‘µ√∑’Ë≈â“ß¥â«¬°√¥ π”°≈—∫¡“ «‘‡§√“–Àå¬—ßÀâÕßªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√»Ÿπ¬å«‘®—¬œ ● «‘ ∏’ ° “√‡µ√’ ¬ ¡µ— « Õ¬à “ ß µ— « Õ¬à “ ßπÈ” Ωπ ·≈–ΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß∑’Ë ‰¥â®–π”¡“ºà“π¢∫«π°“√ (7) ¥—ßπ’È

3. º≈°“√∑¥≈Õß·≈–°“√«‘®“√≥å µ“√“ß∑’Ë 2 µ“√“ß∑’Ë 3

· ¥ßª√‘¡“≥ΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß „ππÈ”Ωπ · ¥ßª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ „πµ—«Õ¬à“ßΩÿπÉ ≈–ÕÕß °-25

µ—«Õ¬à“ß «—¥ª√‘¡“µ√/°√Õß¥â«¬°√–¥“…°√Õß 0.45 ‰¡§√Õπ

µ—«Õ¬à“ßπÈ”Ωπ

µ—«Õ¬à“ßΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß

«‘‡§√“–Àå¥â«¬ AAS hydride (ºπ«° 1)

Õ∫„Àâ·Àâß 103 ÌC ™—ËßπÈ”Àπ—°

As in rainwater (bbb) “√ÀπŸ„πµ—«Õ¬à“ßπÈ”Ωπ (‰¡‚§√°√—¡/≈‘µ√)

Dust (mg/l) ª√‘¡“≥ΩÿπÉ ≈–ÕÕß (¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡/≈‘µ√) µ—«Õ¬à“ßΩÿÉπ + °√–¥“… Acid digestion °√Õß ª√—∫ª√‘¡“µ√ «‘‡§√“–Àå¥â«¬ AAS hydride As in dust (mg/kg)

“√ÀπŸ„πΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß (¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡/°‘‚≈°√—¡) µ“√“ß∑’Ë 4

· ¥ßª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ „πµ—«Õ¬à“ßπÈ”Ωπ

3.1 «‘‡§√“–Àåº≈ ®“°µ“√“ß∑’Ë 2, 3, 4 çª√‘¡“≥ΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕßé (¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡µàÕ≈‘µ√) §◊Õ ª√‘¡“≥ΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß∑’Ë ‰¥â®“° °“√°√Õßµ—«Õ¬à“ßπÈ”Ωπ çª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ„πµ—«Õ¬à“ß ΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß (¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡µàÕ°‘‚≈°√—¡) §◊Õª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ ∑’Ë ‰¥â®“°°“√«‘‡§√“–Àåµ—«Õ¬à“ßΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß∑’Ë°√Õß®“° µ—«Õ¬à“ß çª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ„πµ—«Õ¬à“ßπÈ”Ωπé (‰¡‚§√°√—¡ µàÕ≈‘µ√) §◊Õª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ∑’Ë ‰ ¥â ® “°°“√«‘ ‡ §√“–Àå πÈ”Ωπ ¿“¬À≈—ß®“°°√ÕßΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕßÕÕ°‰ª·≈â« §à “ ‡©≈’Ë ¬ µ≈Õ¥ªï „ π·µà ≈ –®ÿ ¥ ‡°Á ∫ µ— « Õ¬à “ ß · ¥ß‚¥¬√Ÿª∑’Ë 3 4 ·≈– 5 √ÿª‰¥â¥—ßπ’È ª√‘ ¡ “≥ΩÿÉ π ≈–ÕÕß‚¥¬‡©≈’Ë ¬ „π√Õ∫ªï ¡’ °-26

§à“Õ¬Ÿà√–À«à“ß 3.67 ∂÷ß 9.80 ¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡µàÕ≈‘µ√ §à“ ‡©≈’Ë¬¢Õß·µà≈–®ÿ¥‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß¡’°“√°√–®—¥°√–®“¬ ·≈–‰¡à· ¥ß§ÿ≥≈—°…≥–æ‘‡»… ·µàÕ“® —ß‡°µ‰¥â«à“ „π®ÿ¥‡°Á∫ µ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà „π∫√‘‡«≥∑’Ë ‚≈àß·≈–„°≈â·À≈àß ™ÿ¡™π √‘¡∂ππ ®–¡’ª√‘¡“≥¢ÕßΩÿÉπ Ÿß°«à“ ∫√‘‡«≥ Õ◊Ëπ ‡™àπ ®ÿ¥∑’Ë 2 5 8 10 11 ·≈– 12 ª√‘ ¡ “≥ “√ÀπŸ „ πµ— « Õ¬à “ ßΩÿÉ π ≈–ÕÕß‚¥¬ ‡©≈’Ë¬∑ÿ°®ÿ¥‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß„π√Õ∫ 1 ªï ¡’§à“Õ¬Ÿà√–À«à“ß 35.62 ∂÷ß 215.04 ¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡µàÕ°‘‚≈°√—¡ ‚¥¬√–¥—∫ “√ÀπŸ„πµ—«Õ¬à“ßΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß®– Ÿß„π®ÿ¥‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß ∑’Ë 1 ·≈– 2 °«à“®ÿ¥‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ßÕ◊ËπÊ ´÷Ëß Õ¥§≈âÕß °— ∫ º≈°“√«‘ ‡ §√“–Àå µ— « Õ¬à “ ß¥‘ π „π™—È π º‘ « ¥‘ π ¢Õß JICA (1) (4) ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ«à“∫√‘‡«≥¥—ß°≈à“«‡ªìπ∫√‘‡«≥∑’Ë¡’ °“√°√–®—¥°√–®“¬¥‘π À‘π ·≈–°“°·√à ∑’Ë¡’ “√ÀπŸ ªπ‡ªóô Õ πÕ¬Ÿà · ≈–Õ“®‡°‘ ¥ °“√·µ°À— ° øÿÑ ß °√–®“¬„π »Ÿπ¬å«‘®—¬·≈–Ωñ°Õ∫√¡¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ °√¡ àß‡ √‘¡§ÿ≥¿“æ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡

µ“√“ß∑’Ë 1

√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥®ÿ¥‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ßΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß·≈–πÈ”Ωπ µ. √àÕπæ‘∫Ÿ≈¬å Õ. √àÕπæ‘∫Ÿ≈¬å ®. π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ 2542 - 2543 æ‘°—¥ UTM

®ÿ¥‡°Á∫ µ—«Õ¬à“ß

√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

π“¡À≠â“‚√ß·µàß·√à¬‘∫Õ‘π´Õ¬ À¡Ÿà 2 µ.√àÕπæ‘∫Ÿ≈¬å “¡·¬°∫â“πÀ—«‡À¡◊Õß À¡Ÿà 2 π“¡Àπâ“∫â“ππ“¬ƒ∑∏‘Ï ‚æ∏‘Ï¥‘π ªÉ“¡–æ√â“« À¡Ÿà 2 π“¡À≠â“∑’Ë∑”°“√ªÉ“‰¡â Õ. √àÕπæ‘∫Ÿ≈¬å À¡Ÿà 2 π“¡À≠â“√‘¡∑“ß‰ª∫â“π∑ÿàß§“ À¡Ÿà 2 π“¡À≠â“«—¥√àÕππ“ À¡Ÿà 2 π“¡À≠â“„°≈â®ÿ¥∫√√®∫Àâ«¬À—«‡À¡◊Õß°—∫Àâ«¬√àÕππ“ À¡Ÿà 12 π“¡À≠â“ ”π—°ß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ Õ. √àÕπæ‘∫Ÿ≈¬å À¡Ÿà 12 π“¡À≠â“„°≈â®ÿ¥‡®“– ”√«® JICA 4 À¡Ÿà 12 „°≈â∑“ßÀ≈«ß “¬ 403 ∑“ß‡¢â“»Ÿπ¬å«‘®—¬Õ“À“√ —µ«åÀ¡Ÿà 9 π“¡À≠â“∫√‘…—∑‰∑¬ª√–°—π™’«‘µ À¡Ÿà 13 π“¡À≠â“Àπâ“‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈√àÕπæ‘∫Ÿ≈¬å À¡Ÿà 12

√Ÿ ª ¢ÕßΩÿÉ π ≈–ÕÕßÕ¬Ÿà ∑—Ë « ‰ª„πæ◊È π ∑’Ë πÕ°®“°π’È ¬— ß —ß‡°µæ∫«à“ª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ‡©≈’Ë¬„πΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß∑’Ë®ÿ¥ ‡°Á∫ à«π„À≠à ®–æ∫ ŸßÕ¬Ÿà „π™à«ß‡«≈“‡¥◊Õπ∏—π«“§¡ ·≈–¡°√“§¡ ª√‘ ¡ “≥ “√ÀπŸ „ πµ— « Õ¬à “ ßπÈ” Ωπ‚¥¬‡©≈’Ë ¬ ∑ÿ°®ÿ¥‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß„π√Õ∫ 1 ªï ¡’§à“Õ¬Ÿà√–À«à“ß 0.26 ∂÷ß 2.32 ‰¡‚§√°√—¡µàÕ≈‘µ√ à«π„À≠à§à“‡©≈’Ë¬®– πâÕ¬°«à“ 0.5 ‰¡‚§√°√—¡µàÕ≈‘µ√ ·µà „π®ÿ¥‡°Á∫∑’Ë 1 ·≈– 2 §à“‡©≈’Ë¬®–Õ¬Ÿà „ π√–¥— ∫ Ÿ ß ´÷Ë ß Õ¥§≈â Õ ß°— ∫ ¢â Õ ¡Ÿ ≈ ¢Õß√–¥— ∫ “√ÀπŸ „ πµ— « Õ¬à “ ßΩÿÉ π ≈–ÕÕß ·µà Õ¬à“ß‰√°Áµ“¡®“°°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå√–¥—∫¢Õß “√ÀπŸ„π ®ÿ¥‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß∑—Èß 12 ®ÿ¥ µ≈Õ¥√–¬–‡«≈“ 1 ªï · ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ«à“√–¥—∫ “√ÀπŸ„πµ—«Õ¬à“ßπÈ”Ωπ¬—ßµË” °«à“√–¥—∫ “√ÀπŸ¡“µ√∞“π§ÿ≥¿“æπÈ”¥◊Ë¡´÷Ëß°”Àπ¥‰«â 10 ‰¡‚§√°√— ¡ µà Õ ≈‘ µ √·≈–¬— ß §ßÕ¬Ÿà „ π§à “ ‡©≈’Ë ¬ ¢Õß √–¥—∫ “√ÀπŸ„ππÈ”Ωπ¢Õßæ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑’Ë ‰¡à¡’°“√ªπ‡ªóôÕπ¢Õß “√ÀπŸ (0.55-12 ‰¡‚§√°√—¡µàÕ≈‘µ√) (5) ®“°¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ¥—ß°≈à“« “¡“√∂ √ÿª‡∫◊ÈÕßµâπ‰¥â«à“πÈ”Ωπ„π∫√‘‡«≥π’È ¬—ß§ßª≈Õ¥¿—¬ “¡“√∂„™â „π°“√∫√‘‚¿§‰¥â‡ªìπÕ¬à“ß¥’ ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“®“°√Ÿª∑’Ë 3 4 ·≈– 5 ‡æ◊ËÕ À“§«“¡ — ¡ æ— π ∏å √ –À«à “ ß§à “ ‡©≈’Ë ¬ ¢Õßª√‘ ¡ “≥ΩÿÉ π ª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ„πΩÿÉπ ·≈–ª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ„ππÈ”Ωπ »Ÿπ¬å«‘®—¬·≈–Ωñ°Õ∫√¡¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ °√¡ àß‡ √‘¡§ÿ≥¿“æ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡

905654 904977 904889 904863 905663 904235 904499 904107 904885 906644 903510 903321

951639 592449 593051 593706 593830 592366 593447 594418 594471 595186 594423 595227

„π√Õ∫ 1 ªï ®–æ∫«à“„π®ÿ¥‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë 1 ·≈– 2 ·¡â«à“®–¡’§à“‡©≈’Ë¬¢Õßª√‘¡“≥ΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß„ππÈ”Ωπ Õ¬Ÿà „ πª√‘ ¡ “≥µË” ·µà ¡’ §à “ ‡©≈’Ë ¬ “√ÀπŸ „ πµ— « Õ¬à “ ß ΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß·≈–µ—«Õ¬à“ßπÈ”Ωπ Ÿß°«à“∑’Ë®ÿ¥‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß Õ◊ËπÊ · ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ«à“ΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß∑’Ë°√–®“¬„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë®ÿ¥ ‡°Á∫ 1 ·≈– 2 ¡“®“°°“√ºÿæ—ßøÿÑß°√–®“¬¢Õß‡»… À‘π¥‘π ∑’Ë¡’°“√ªπ‡ªóôÕπ¢Õß “√ÀπŸ

4. √ÿª ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“®“°¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈æ∫«à“‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ªπÈ”Ωπ „π∫√‘‡«≥»÷°…“®–¡’ª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸµË” ·≈– “¡“√∂ π”¡“„™â ∫ √‘ ‚ ¿§‰¥â Õ ¬à “ ßª≈Õ¥¿— ¬ ·µà „ πæ◊È π ∑’Ë ®ÿ ¥ ‡°Á ∫ µ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë 1 ·≈– 2 ´÷ËßÕ¬Ÿà „π∫√‘‡«≥æ◊Èπ∑’Ë∫√‘‡«≥ À¡Ÿà∑’Ë 2 µ”∫≈√àÕπæ‘∫Ÿ≈¬å ·≈–‡ªìπ∫√‘‡«≥∑’Ë¡’°“√ °√–®—¥°√–®“¬¢Õß‡»…À‘π ¥‘π °“°·√à Õ¬Ÿà∑—Ë«‰ª·≈– ‡ªìπ∫√‘‡«≥∑’Ëæ∫«à“¡’ºŸâªÉ«¬¥â«¬æ‘…®“° “√ÀπŸ Ÿß°«à“ À¡ŸàÕ◊ËπÊ (6) ·¡â«à“ª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ„πµ—«Õ¬à“ßπÈ”Ωπ ®–µË” °«à “ ¡“µ√∞“ππÈ” ‡æ◊Ë Õ °“√∫√‘ ‚ ¿§¢Õß WHO (10 ‰¡‚§√°√— ¡ µà Õ ≈‘ µ √) ·µà º ≈®“°°“√«‘ ‡ §√“–Àå µ— « Õ¬à “ ßΩÿÉ π ≈–ÕÕß æ∫«à “ ¡’ “√ÀπŸ §à Õ π¢â “ ß Ÿ ß ¥— ß π—È π °“√∑’Ë ® –‡°Á ∫ °— ° πÈ” Ωπ‡æ◊Ë Õ °“√π”‰ª∫√‘ ‚ ¿§ ®÷ ß §«√¡’ ° “√ªÑ Õ ß°— π ‰¡à „ Àâ ¡’ ΩÿÉ π ≈–ÕÕßµ°≈ßª–ªπ °-27

µ“√“ß∑’Ë 2 ª√‘¡“≥ΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß„πµ—«Õ¬à“ßπÈ”Ωπ (¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡/≈‘µ√) ®ÿ¥‡°Á∫ µ—«Õ¬à“ß DF 1 DF 2 DF 3 DF 4 DF 5 DF 6 DF 7 DF 8 DF 9 DF 10 DF 11 DF 12

æ.§. 43 0.22 5.07 4.54 2.51 2.11 3.35 8.21 3.63 7.61 14.56 9.15

‡©≈’Ë¬ (¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡ /≈‘µ√) 3.67 7.73 6.63 8.08 8.55 4.05 7.69 8.06 5.33 8.61 9.80 8.30

æ.§. 43 21.14 109.68 50.75 4.98 12.49 4.08 108.8 10.64 26.54 18.13 1.6

‡©≈’Ë¬ (¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡ /°‘‚≈°√—¡) 210.97 146.40 70.93 41.94 58.46 38.27 51.17 69.73 74.19 42.98 53.87 35.85

æ.§. 43 0.59 0.8 0.027 0.26 0.483 nd nd nd nd nd 0.209 nd

‡©≈’Ë¬ (‰¡‚§√°√—¡ /≈‘µ√) 1.29 2.32 0.30 0.62 0.52 0.36 0.32 0.43 0.53 0.52 0.44 0.26

‡¥◊Õπ∑’Ë‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß æ.§. 42 0.73 1.01 0.91 0.83 0.33 0.31 2.28 0.96 5.61 0.48 3.94 1.09

¡‘.¬. 42 3.77 8.33 3.83 4.45 7.71 3.37 1.52 3.48 4.58 1.87 7.29 6.47

°.§. 42 4.47 2.90 5.06 8.70 21.86 9.88 3.07 14.39 5.22 23.16 12.95 34.06

.§. 42 10.03 26.51 16.28 11.08 18.09 4.04 6.49 3.04 2.98 4.70 15.64 8.51

°.¬. 42 µ.§. 42 3.45 0.93 8.31 2.04 3.35 1.76 2.84 2.19 5.12 1.57 2.95 1.14 4.16 1.04 12.86 4.43 2.76 1.50 10.96 3.39 13.20 3.98 10.20 1.81

æ.¬. 42 6.72 2.82 0.92 4.31 1.14 4.46 9.15 11.49 12.93 10.66 12.18 3.32

∏.§. 42 1.38 4.23 3.15 3.65 1.00 4.38 0.55 2.34 1.47 6.67 1.80

¡.§. 43 7.50 7.62 7.17 11.80 13.09 9.60 16.86 19.09 11.16 23.09 15.29 9.63

°.æ. 43 0.77 1.81 0.94 1.76 2.49 1.10 2.42 1.79 1.72 1.66 1.33 1.40

¡’.§. 43 5.13 8.34 5.36 9.05 6.62 4.63 9.23 5.27 10.47 14.29 15.74 10.92

‡¡.¬. 43 2.62 18.03 31.8 42.4 27.33 6.8 31.12 19.37 4.4 4.69 9.57

µ“√“ß∑’Ë 3 ª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸµ—«Õ¬à“ß„πΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß (¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡/°‘‚≈°√—¡) ®ÿ¥‡°Á∫ µ—«Õ¬à“ß DF 1 DF 2 DF 3 DF 4 DF 5 DF 6 DF 7 DF 8 DF 9 DF 10 DF 11 DF 12

‡¥◊Õπ∑’Ë‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß æ.§. 42 37.26 77.36 nd 38.31 0.00 3.56 27.53 47.47 7.36 14.19 4.61 4.87

¡‘.¬. 42 13.86 14.78 23.99 16.46 7.59 13.77 1.89 14.16 27.73 7.55 2.35 13.38

°.§. 42 55.30 99.94 9.60 15.69 24.01 14.82 5.05 13.02 55.20 1.82 4.11 2.59

.§. 42 20.07 30.30 14.39 7.56 16.10 15.45 14.67 nd 19.41 5.87 1.19 2.91

°.¬. 42 228.89 150.31 36.65 40.41 86.55 39.92 42.77 75.15 53.25 83.12 31.17 64.59

µ.§. 42 339.37 97.44 65.67 97.34 22.23 21.28 32.53 53.04 39.30 20.54 23.36 9.66

æ.¬. 42 38.78 57.76 47.38 14.00 75.94 11.15 16.91 38.25 21.32 26.11 17.25 13.61

∏.§. 42 ¡.§. 43 311.45 1134.00 - 747.81 142.22 464.77 120.89 114.41 81.86 214.23 93.32 245.16 57.49 294.19 133.49 265.19 171.71 405.15 118.62 166.39 238.41 245.52 140.94 184.46

°.æ. 43 35.81 75.32 14.98 19.08 16.98 nd 20.55 20.65 48.43 7.10 8.10 3.83

¡’.§. 43 395.93 263.53 51.66 56.14 202.00 35.04 42.80 103.62 94.90 37.89 98.69 20.14

‡¡.¬. 43 110.76 32.62 nd nd nd nd nd 72.76 10.03 7.45 3.47

µ“√“ß∑’Ë 4 ª√‘¡“≥ “√ÀπŸ„πµ—«Õ¬à“ßπÈ”Ωπ (‰¡‚§√°√—¡/≈‘µ√) ®ÿ¥‡°Á∫ µ—«Õ¬à“ß DF 1 DF 2 DF 3 DF 4 DF 5 DF 6 DF 7 DF 8 DF 9 DF 10 DF 11 DF 12

‡¥◊Õπ∑’Ë‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ß æ.§. 42 0.51 3.138 0.035 0.796 nd 0.114 1.295 0.068 0.046 0.082 0.638 nd

°-28

¡‘.¬. 42 0.683 0.963 0.285 nd 0.054 0.888 0.006 0.002 0.341 0.346 nd 0.009

°.§. 42 1.13 1.719 0.348 0.154 0.123 nd 0.53 0.307 0.279 nd 0.352 0.34

.§. 42 2.107 2.516 0.384 0.132 0.364 0.181 0.049 0.086 0.369 0.682 0.127 nd

°.¬. 42 1.352 8.666 nd 0.007 1.528 0.002 0.004 0.164 0.002 0.078 0.031 0.817

µ.§. 42 1.056 0.108 nd nd nd 0.078 nd 0.042 0.085 0.311 0.147 nd

æ.¬. 42 0.734 0.149 0.378 nd 0.095 0.102 nd nd nd 0.493 0.114 0.09

∏.§. 42 3.442 0.526 0.512 1.109 0.878 0.685 1.336 2.924 3.435 2.369 0.566

¡.§. 43 3.098 5.558 1.07 2.175 1.241 2.351 0.804 2.486 1.086 0.814 1.222 1.238

°.æ. 43 0.062 0.041 0.034 nd nd nd nd nd 0.036 0.022 0.011 nd

¡’.§. 43 0.376 1.642 0.096 0.381 0.24 0.137 0.139 0.219 0.711 0.036 0.243 0.186

‡¡.¬. 43 1.593 2.491 0.705 3.666 1.489 nd 0.64 0.442 0.986 0.247 0.164

»Ÿπ¬å«‘®—¬·≈–Ωñ°Õ∫√¡¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ °√¡ àß‡ √‘¡§ÿ≥¿“æ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡

√Ÿª∑’Ë 1 ®ÿ¥‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ßΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß·≈–πÈ”Ωπ µ.√àÕπæ‘∫Ÿ≈¬å Õ.√àÕπæ‘∫Ÿ≈¬å ®.π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ 2542-2543

√Ÿª∑’Ë 2 Õÿª°√≥å‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ßΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß·≈–πÈ”Ωπ

»Ÿπ¬å«‘®—¬·≈–Ωñ°Õ∫√¡¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ °√¡ àß‡ √‘¡§ÿ≥¿“æ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡

°-29

„π¿“™π–°—°‡°Á∫πÈ”Ωπ À√◊Õ°àÕπ∑”°“√°—°‡°Á∫πÈ”Ωπ §«√®–≈â“ß¿“™π–°—°‡°Á∫ ·≈–ª≈àÕ¬„ÀâΩπµ°√–¬– Àπ÷Ëß°àÕπ ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â™–≈â“ßΩÿÉπ≈–ÕÕß∫π À≈—ß§“ ·≈– √“ßπÈ”Ωπ„ÀâÀ¡¥°àÕπ∑’Ë®–π”¿“™π–°—°‡°Á∫¡“√Õß√—∫ πÈ”Ωπ‰«â ·≈–À√◊Õ¡’°“√„™âºâ“¢“«∫“ß„π°“√°√ÕßπÈ” Ωπ°àÕπ∫√√®ÿ„π¿“™π–°—°‡°Á∫µàÕ‰ª

5. ‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß 1. JICA&DEQP Final Report on The Environmental Management Planning Survey for Arsenic contaminated area of the Nakhon Si Thammarat Province in the Kingdom of Thailand, March, 2000 2. Flow injection mercury/Hydride Analyses Recommended Analytical conditions and General Information, Perkin Elmer, Part Number Bo50-1820, B3505-110, Release 4.0 3. M.R. Center, Ed., Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis, Canadian Society of Soil Science. 1993

4. Reonard A. Arsenic Ernest M. Editor. Metals and their Compounds in the Environment Germany:VCH Verlag-sgesellschaft MBH 1991. 751-74 5. Standard Method for the Examination of Drinking water with commentary-authorized by Japan Water Works Association. Japan 1993 6. Re-Examination of A Cohort of Subjects with Arsenical Skin Lesions Ten years after Inception:Shoko Oshikausa. Master of Science thesis in Epidemiology. Prince of Songkla University. 1998

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°-30

»Ÿπ¬å«‘®—¬·≈–Ωñ°Õ∫√¡¥â“π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ °√¡ àß‡ √‘¡§ÿ≥¿“æ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡