A Guide to Eco-Friendly Home Gardening - Sinhala

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;sridr meje;aula Wfoid jk wmf.a m%;sm;a;s m%ldYkh Wiia .=Kd;aul Ndjhlska hq;a YS% ,dxlSh f;a ä,audys id¾:l;ajfha ryihs' tfyhska wmf.a jHdmdrh ia:dmkh lrk ,oafoa wmf.a jHdmdrh mj;ajd f.k hkakd jQ N+ñh iy tu iudcfha Ôj;a jk ck fldgia iuÕ we;s lr.;a Ñria:dhS in|;djhla u;hs' mßirhg .re lrñka iy ñksid iy iajNdj O¾uh w;r iy - iïnkaOhla f.dv kxjñka tys wdrlaIdj ;yjqre lrñka mD:súhg wmf.ka isÿjk wys;lr n,mEï wju lsÍfï mD:q, j.lSu i|yd wms mqfrda.dó ù we;af;uq' ixrlaIKh hkq ñksid yd iïnkaO fohla iy ñksia ixy;sfha wkd.;h neõ wms ;rfha úYajdi lrkafkuq' tu ksid ixrlaIK ls%hdud¾.hka .kq ,nkafka ñksidf.a ys; iqj msKsi;a oßø;djh ;=rka lsÍug;a h' ;sridr meje;au iïnkaO j wmf.a mdßfNda.slNj;=ka wm flfrys ;nd we;s wfmalaIdjka uqÿkam;a lsÍfuys ,d fujka uqLH idrO¾uhka wmg fnfyúka WmldÍ fõ'

wmf.a j.lSu zjHdmdrhla hkq ck;d fufyjrlsZ hk wmf.a m%;sm;a;sh;a" ih jeoEreï ä,audys uqLH idrO¾uhkq;a iún, .ekaùug wms wem lemù isákafkuq' iud.ï i|yd jk ms<s.;a ls%hdldrlï j, by, ;;a;ajhkag iy ish¿u foaYSh iy wka;¾cd;sl kshduk wjYH;djkag iy iïuq;Skag wkql+, j wmf.a l%shdldrlï mj;ajdf.k hEug wms ieu úg u W;aidy orkafkuq' mßir ixrlaIKh" wm wdh;kfha m%;sm;a;sh jk zjHdmdrhla hkq ck;d fufyjrlsZ hk wmf.a j.lSu i|yd jk È.=jls' wmf.a ls%hdldrlï" fiajdjka iy ksIamdokhkays .=Kd;aulNdjh iy tu.ska mßirhg jk n,mEu wm ;lafiare lrk w;r ksrka;r wëlaIKhg o ,la lrkafkuq' yels iEu úgu iemhqï odufha yjq,a lrejka thg we;=<;alr.ekSug wms fjfyi jkafkuq' wmf.a iudc iy mßir ls%hdldrï ms<sn| j úksúo Ndjhlska iy újD; Ndjhlska lghq;= lsÍug wms ne£ isákafkuq' tu úksúo Ndjh iy újD; Ndjh wmf.a mdßfNda.slhska fukau yjq,a lrejkaf.ka o wfmalaId lrkafkuq' wm wdh;kfha fiajlhskayg iqrlaIs;" wdrlaIdldÍ iy iudkd;au;djh iys; /lshd mßirhla ks¾udKh lr§ Tjqkaf.a ms%h; u fiajdfhdaclhd wm njg m;a ùug wms ksrka;r mßY%uhl fh§ isákafkuq' wmf.a fiajlhskaf.a whs;sjdislï mQ¾K jYfhka iqrlaIs; fldg we;s w;r Tjqkaf.a iïmQ¾K YlH;djh u idlaId;a lr.ekSu i|yd iudk wjia:d o Tjqkg ysñlr § we;af;uq' wm fldgialrejka ù isák fï iudcfha ish¿u iudc lKavdhï iuÕ hym;a in|;djka we;slr .ekSug wms W;aiql jkafkuq' Tjqkaf.a Ôjk l%uh" ixialD;sh iy Wreuhg .re lrk w;r Tjqkaf.a Ôjk ;;a;ajh Wiia lr .ekSug Tjqkg wjia:djka ,nd §ug o wms ne£ isákafkuq'

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,dN ,eîu wruqKq fldg fkd.;a iy wOHdmk ld¾hhka i|yd fuu m%ldYkh iïmQ¾Kfhka u fyda fldgia jYfhka fyda m%ldYlf.a úfYaI wkque;shlska f;dr Ndú;d l< yels w;r Wmqgd .ekSu ms<sn| i|yka lsÍu wjYHh fõ' m%ldYlf.a ,sÅ; wjirh l,ska ksis mßÈ ,nd fuu m%ldYkh kej; wf,úh fyda lsisÿ uQ,Huh mrud¾:hlska Ndú;d lsÍu imqrd ;ykï fõ' úhdpkh fuu m%ldYkfhys wka;¾.;h iy woyia u.ska m%ldYl iud.fï fyda tA yd wkqnoaO wfkl=;a iud.ï j, woyia iy u; ms<sìUq fkdjk nj i,lkak' Wmqgd oelaùï m%kdkaÿ' ví,sõ' tia'^2017&' mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;( isf,daka à i¾úiia mS' t,a' iS' l¾;D ví,sõ' ir;apkaø m%kdkaÿ PdhdrEm iy mß.Kl .%e*sla ks¾udKh liqka m%§m" jhs,aâ iagqäfhda uqøKh lreKdr;ak iy mq;%fhda ^mqoa& iud.u ISBN ( 978-955-0081-16-5 isf,daka à i¾úiia mS t,a iS tï' fÊ' t*a' iuQy jHdmdrh wxl 111" ó.uq mdr" mE,shf.dv jeä úia;r i|yd info@dilmahconservation'org 2017

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ks¾ud;D;=ukaf.a m‚úvh wmf.a wdydr wjYH;djka i|yd iajhxfmdaIs; ùu iy wmg wjYH wdydr wm úiska u ksmojd .ekSu j¾;udkfha h,a mek .sh ixl,amhla njg m;a ù we;' ud l=vd ld,fha§ wmf.a wdydr imhd .;af;a wm Ôj;a jQ iajdNdúl mßirfhks' wm úiska mßfNdackh lrk,o fndfyduhla m,;=re iy t<j¿ j¾. wmf.a .fï .iaje,a j,ska fyda wmf.a f.j;af;ka fk<d.;a tajd úh' tksid wm .kakd wdydr meñfKkafka fldfykao hkqfjka fukau tajdfha .=Kd;aul Ndjh ms<sn|j o wm oekqj;a j isáfhuq' kuq;a wo" wjdikdjlg fuka tu ;;a;ajh fjkia ù we;' j¾;udkfha we;sù ;sfnk uyd mßudK kd.ÍlrKh iy jdKscHlrKh fya;=fjka wmf.a wdydr wjYH;djhka i|yd ksrka;rfhka fjf<|fmd<g hdug wms mqreÿ ù isáuq' wm fjf<|fmdf<ka ms<sfh< fkdlrk ,o wdydr øjH ^Wod( t<j¿ iy m,;=re jeks oE& ñ,§ .kakd úg tajd meñfKkafka fldfyka o hkak fyda tajd ksIamdokfha§ l=ukdldr ridhk øjH Ndú;d fldg ksIamdokh lr we;a o hkak fyda tu ksIamdok ls%hdj,sfha§ mßirhg l=ukdldr ydkshla isÿù we;a o hkak fyda ms<sn| j wm fkdoksuq' tys m%;sM,hla jYfhka wmf.a ;reK mrïmrdjka wm fuka fi!LHiïmkak fkdjk w;r Tjqyq ksr;=rej u úúOdldr frda.hka g f.dÿre fjñka isá;s' fi!LHiïmkak iy jvd;a mßir ys;ldó Ôjk l%u m%j¾Okh lsÍfï wruq‚ka idïm%odhsl f.j;= j.d ixl,amh kej; y÷kajd §u i|yd wkq.%yh oelaùug wm wdh;kh ;SrKh lf<a tfyhsks' 2011 j¾Ifha isg ä,aud ixrlaIK ;sridr lDIsld¾ñl m¾fhaIK wdh;kh ^DCSARC& yryd mßirhg iy mjq,g f.j;= j.dfjka we;sjk w;súYd, m%;s,dN ms<sn|j kd.ßl m%cdj oekqj;a lsÍug wms oeä m%h;akhla f.k we;af;uq' fuu lD;sh u.ska wmf.a mdGlhskag ;ukaf.au f.j;a;la wdrïN lsÍug hï fm<Uùula iy iyfhda.hla ,efí hhs úYajdi lrk w;ru" tu.ska Tjqyq ;ukg yels mu‚ka Wiia iy fi!LHu;a Ôjk rgdjla ,nd .ekSug uÕ mdod .kakd w;ru" wm ish¿ fokdg u Ôj;a ùu i|yd iqrËs; mßirhla ks¾udKh lsÍugo odhl fj;s' Tn oekgu;a f.j;= j.dfõ fhfokafkl= kï Tn Ôj;a jk mßirh iqrlsñka Tnf.a mjqf,a wdydr wjYH;djh i|yd Wiia ;;ajfha wiajekakla ,nd .kafka flfia o hkak ms<sn| j b;d jeo.;a lreKq yd Wmfoia fuu fmd;a msxfpka ,nd .; yels fj;ehs wfmalaId lrñ' f.j;= j.dj fi!LH iïmkak Ôjk l%uhlg u. mdokakla muKla fkdj" th wm rfÜ fuka u f,dalfha o wdydr iqrlaIs;;djh i|yd jk uyÕ= m%fõYhla o jkafka h'

fuß,a fþ¡m%kdkaÿ ks¾ud;D - ä,aud ixrlaIK wdh;kh

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fmrjok úfYaIfhka u kd.ßl m%foaY j, isÿ lrkq ,nk f.j;= j.dj iuyr rgj, uE;l isg by< ckm%sh;ajhla w;alrf.k we;s nj fmfkkakg ;sfí' ;udg wjYH wdydr ;udu ksIamdokh lr.ekSu" tfia;a ke;skï ksjig wjYH Ydluh wdydr øjH ;u f.j;af;ys u jjd .ekSu wd¾:sl jYfhka ,dNodhS jkjd muKla fkdj úúO lDIs ridhk Ndú;d fldg jd‚cuh mrud¾:fhka ksIamdokh lrkq ,nk wdydr øjH j,g jvd fi!LHdrlaIdj w;ska o b;du;a by< nj ms<s.ekSug ck;dj fm<ö isá;s' ksjeishkaf.a wdydr iqrlaIs;;djh by< hdu f.j;= j.dfjys Rcq m%;sM,hla jk w;r u Tjqkaf.a ñ,§ .ekSfï yelshdj o fuu.ska by< hhs' ;sridr Ôjk l%uhla we;slr §u u.ska uq¿ uy;a ck iudchg u f.j;= j.dj w;alrfokafka buy;a jdishls' tu.ska mßirhg úI ridhk øjH tlaùula isÿfkdjk w;r mi ÈhqKq fldg mßirhg tlajk wmøjH m%udKh o wju lrkq ,nhs' bj;,k ma,diaála jeks øjH m%;spl%SlrKh lr Ndú;hg .ekSu ms<sn| j fuu .%ka:fhka Wmfoia ,nd fok w;r ta fya;=fjka mßirhg tla jk ma,diaála m%udKh o wju fõ' mßirh wdrlaId lsÍu ;ks mqoa.,fhl= úiska isÿ l< yelalla fkdjk nj is;kafkl=g mßir wdrlaIKhg ;ks mqoa.,fhl= úYd, n,mEula we;s lrkafka flfiao hkakg f.j;= j.dj fyd| WodyrKhls' fuh .%dóh fukau kd.ßl m%cdjg o tlfia n,mdkakls' wo b;du;a nrm;, mdßißl .eg¿jla njg m;aù we;s foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi i,ld n,k l," úl,am wdydr m%Nj imhñka f.j;= j.dj ñksidg foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdihkays wys;lr n,mEï j,g uqyqK fokakg Wmldr jkjd muKla fkdj" th foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdihkays wys;lr n,mEï uev meje;aùug o iqúi,a fufyhla bgq lrhs' WodyrKhla f,i f.da,Sh WKqiqu fya;=fjka oeä f,i ffcj jdiia:dk wysñ ùula isÿ fõ' bvï ysñhka ;u N+ñh ;=, we;s Ôù úfYaI wdrlaId lsÍu i|yd m%Yia; mßir moaO;s ks¾udKhg fhduq ùfuka fuu .eg¿j ksrdlrKh lr .; yels fõ' ;jo" f.j;= j.dj i|yd fmdis, bkaOk Ndú;d fldg ksIamdokh lrkq ,nk ridhksl fmdfydr Ndú;fhka je<lSu mi ÈhqKq ùug WmldÍ jk w;r th jdhq f.da,fha ldnkavfhdlaihsâ wju lsÍug o u. mdohs' fujka miqìul furg mqrjeishka mßir ydhkfha fldgialrejka ù isákjdg jvd thg úi÷ula f,i odhl ùug uÕ fmkajk fuu .%ka:h ldf,daÑ; ls%hdud¾.hls' fuu m%ldYkh yryd uyck;dj oekqj;a lsÍfï W;aidyfha kshe<S isák ir;apkaø m%kdkaÿ uy;dg udf.a iqN me;=ï tla lrkakg fuh wjia:djla lr .ksñ' fuu jHdmD;sh i|yd wkq.%yh oelaùu u.ska ä,aud wdh;kh ;sridr mßir wdrlaIKhla i|yd jk ;u j.lSu fkdmsßfy,d bgqlrk nj meyeÈ<s h' fudrgqj ä,aud ixrlaIK ;sridr lDIsld¾ñl m¾fhaIK wdh;kfha§ (DCSARC) fkdñ,fha mj;ajkq ,nk jHdma;s fiajdjka u.ska uyck;djg fï ms<sn| m%dfhda.sl w;aoelSï iy oekqu ,nd .ekSfï yelshdj we;' ienE f,iu uyck fiajhla jk ;j;a úYsIag jHdmD;shlg udf.a iqNdYsxYkæ

m%ia;djkdj kSfrda.S Ôú;hlg f.j;= j.dfjys we;s jeo.;alu fndfyda fofkla jgyd f.k we;s nj fmfkkakg ;sfí' ksji wjg we;s ysia bvlv ;udg wjYH wdydr øjH ksIamdokhg Ndú;d lsÍu u.ska fuu idïm%odhsl lDIsld¾ñl l%shdldrlu yryd hym;a Èúhla Wodlr .; yel' tÈfkod mßfNdackhg wjYH wdydr øjH ;u f.j;af;ys u ksIamdokh lr .; yelsjkjd muKla fkdj" fjf<| fmdf<ys we;s wys;lr lDIs ridhk fh¥ wdydr mßfNdackfhka je<lSu o ldnksl f.j;= j.d l%u u.ska f.j;= j.d lrkakdg ,efnk jdis fõ' iEu ksjilg u f.j;a;la hkq idudkH fohla jk w;r f.j;= j.dj ukig úfõlhla f.kfok ls%hdldrlula f,i fndfyda l,l isg ms<s.ekSula ,oaols' tfy;a" kd.ßl f.j;a;la jeks b;d iSñ; bv m%udKhl isÿ lrkq ,nk f.j;= j.dj ckms%h;ajhg m;ajQfha b;d uE; Nd.fha§ h' Tn Ôj;a jkafka úYd, bvlvla iys; j;a;l fõ jd b;d iSñ; ìï m%udKhla iys; kd.ßl uy,a ksjdihl fõ jd Tfí ksjig wjYH lrk fi!LH iïmkak wdydr øjH Tfí f.j;af;a u ksIamdokh lr.ekSug fuu.ska Tng wjia:dj ,efí' f.j;= j.dj u.ska Tng fi!LHdrlaIs; kejqï wdydr øjH ,efnkjd muKla fkdj" th Tng wd¾:sl jYfhka m%;s,dN o ,nd foa' fujka m%;s,dNhkag wu;r j f.j;= j.dj u.ska mßirhg hym;a n,mEï fndfydauhla we;s l< o" tajdg jeä wjOdkhla ;ju;a ,eî fkdue;' ridhksl m<sfndaOkdYl" j,a kdYl iy fmdfydr j¾. Ndú;fhka je<lSfuka ñksid fukau mßirh o wdrlaId fõ' f.j;= j.dj isÿ lsÍfï§ ldnksl l%ufõo wkq.ukh lsÍfuka mßir ¥IKh wju fõ' úYd, m%udKfha f.j;= j, ldnksl f.j;= j.dj isÿ lsÍu wdydr iqrlaIs;;djhg WmldÍ fõ' ;j o" §¾> ld,Skj" f.j;= j.djka ksjerÈ wkaoñka lrf.k hdu ;sridr meje;aug wdOdr jk w;r f,dalfha ffcj úúO;ajh iS>%fhka wjodkulg ,la jk ld, jljdkqjl tu wjodku wju lsÍug o ufydamldÍ fõ' ldnksl f.j;= j.dj ksid mßirhg ksl=;a jk ldnka m%udKh wju jk w;r th fm!oa.,sl uÜgñka f.da,Sh WKqiqu wju lsÍug Tn ,nd fok odhl;ajhla o fõ' mßirh iq/lSug l%shdldÍ odhl;ajhla ,nd foñka ldnksl f.j;= j.dfõ Wmßu m, fk<d.ekSug leue;a;la olajkakka fjkqfjka ä,aud ixrlaIKh wdh;kh zmßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.djZ hk uefhka .%ka:hla m%ldYhg m;a lsÍfï jHdmD;sh wdrïN lrk ,§' fuu m%ldYkh kd.ßl f.j;= j.d l%u m%dfhda.sl j l%shd;aul lsÍug ä,aud ixrlaIK ;sridr lDIsld¾ñl m¾fhaIK wdh;kh ^DCSARC& ork ,o m%h;akfha fldgils' b;d l=vd ìï m%udKhl f.j;= j.dj isÿ lsÍu ms<sn|j fuu .%ka:fha úia;r lr we;s w;r f.j;= j.dj id¾:l lr .ekSug wjYH b;d jeo.;a Wmfoia fuys we;=<;a fldg we;' isria lDIsl¾uh" ldnksl m<sfndaO md,kh" ksjerÈ wmøjH l<ukdlrK l%u fõo" c, l<ukdlrKh iy ffcj úúO;aj m%j¾Okh wd§ iqúfYaIS ixl,am fuu m%ldYkfha wka;¾.; fldg we;'

uydpd¾h fjda,ag¾ fyar;a lDIsld¾ñl Ôj úoHd uydpd¾h fmardfo‚h úYajúoHd,h" › ,xldj

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mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

lD;.+K msÿu fuu m%ldYkh t<soelaùfï§ kka whqßka iydh ÿka iy u. fmkajQ fndfyda fofkla isáh o tA ish¿ fokdf.a u kï fuys i|yka lsÍu ÿIalr ld¾hhls' tfy;a fuu ld¾hfha§ iqúfYaIS odhl;ajhla iemhQ lsysm fofkl=f.a kï i|yka lsÍug leue;af;ñ' m%:ufhka u" ud ä,aud ixrlaIK wdh;khg ia;=;sjka; jk w;r tu wdh;kh fuu ld¾hh bgq lsÍu i|yd bÈßm;a fkd jkakg fujka fmd;la lsisodl ìys fkd jkakg o bv ;snqKs' úfYaIfhka u ;u Èúh mqrdjg u mßir ys;ldó lDIsld¾ñl l%shdldrlï m%j¾Okhg lemjQ ä,aud iud.fï ks¾ud;D iy iNdm;s;=uka jk fuß,a fÊ' m%kdkaÿ uy;dg udf.a úfYaI lD;{;djh m< lsÍug leue;af;ñ' fuu lD;sh iïmQ¾K lsÍfï ld¾hfha § t;=uka ,nd ÿka ffO¾hh ñ,l< fkd yels jia;=jls' ä,aud ixrlaIK ;sridr lDIsld¾ñl m¾fhaIK wdh;kfha ^DCSARC& f.dúfmd< wëlaIl;=ud iy ld¾h uKav,h jir .Kkdjla mqrdjg ud yg ,nd ÿka iyfhda.h fuu lD;sh ;=,ska fudkjg ms<sìUq fõ' wjika jYfhka" fuu .%ka:hg fmrjokla imhd ÿka uydpd¾h fjda,ag¾ fyar;a iy ksmqK;d Wmfoia iy woyia ,ndÿka fla'ta' wnhfldaka hk uy;ajrekaj lD;fõ§j isysm;a lrñ' fuu fmdf;ys i|ykafldg we;s ish¿u ixl,am iy l%ufõohka fld<Ug kqÿre fudrgqj ä,aud ixrlaIK ;sridr lDIsld¾ñl m¾fhaIK wdh;kfha§ ^DCSARC& oeln,d .; yel' fuu w;afmd; i|yd fuu myiqlu m%fhdackj;a jkafka lshjkakkag fuys i|yka l%ufõo m%dfhda.slj tys§ oeln,d .; yels ùu ksid h' fuu lDIsld¾ñl ls%hdldrlï ienE f,i u ´kEu wfhl= g l< yels nj fmdÿ ckhdg oel n,d .ekSu i|yd ä,aud ixrlaIK ;sridr lDIsld¾ñl m¾fhaIK wdh;kh iqúfYaIS ld¾hNdrhla bgq lrhs'

ä,aud ixrlaIK ;sridr lDIsld¾ñl m¾fhaIK wdh;kh (DCSARC) fkdñf,a jHdma;s fiajdjka ,nd .ekSu i|yd( (DCSARC) f.dúfmd<" 340" .d¨ mdr" lgqneoao" fudrgqj (K Zone

wdh;khg hdno j& uyck Èkh - nodod WoEik 9 isg iji 4 olajd

info@dilmahconservation.org hk úoHq;a ,smskhg fyda l<ukdlre" ä,aud ixrlaIK wdh;kh" 111" ó.uq mdr" mE,shf.dv hk ,smskhg wheÿï lr 25 fofkl=f.ka iukaú; lKavdhula i|yd úfYaI tlaÈk jevigyka ixúOdkh lr.ekSfï yelshdj we;'

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

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mgqk fmrjok m%ia;djkdj msÿu 1' mßir ys;ldó kd.ßl f.j;= j.dj 1'1 f.j;= j.dfjka ,nd .; yels m%;s,dN 2' f.j;a; ldnkslj j.d lsÍu 2'1 ldnksl f.j;= j.dj jeo.;a jkafka wehs@

2'2 j.djg fmr mi ieliSu 2'3 ldnksl fmdfydr j¾. Ndú;h 3' isria lDIsl¾uh 3'1 ksjeros Ydl j¾. f;dard .ekSu

3'2 ldnksl f.j;a; i|yd bj;,k øjH Wmfhda.S lr.ekSu 3'2'1 j.d fïi 3'2'2 isria ì;a;s rdlal 3'2'3 ,S rdlal

3'2'4 j.d fïi

3'2'5 ma,diaála lEka r|jkh 3'2'6 gh¾ j.d l=Ω¿K 3'2'7 fk¿ï j.d l=¿K 3'2'8 ì;a;s f.daks wdlD;sh 3'2'9 ner,a j.d l=Ω¿K 3'2'10 ù yeve;s rdlalh 3'2'11 j.d f;mdj 3'2'12 ma,diaála fnda;,a jeg 3'2'13 yß; ì;a;s gh¾ wdlD;sh

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

08 09 11 14 16 17 18 19 19 20 22 23 26 28 29 31 33 35 37 38 40 41 43 46 47

4' ldnksl fhojqï

48 4'1 fldïfmdaiaÜ fmdfydr ieliSu - f.dv l%uh

50 4'2 (FAITH) l=iaisfha f.j;a; - jjk úgu fmdfydr youq 52 4'3 wdrïNl ødjKh 54 4'4 .evú,a fldïfmdaiaÜ 56 4'5 .evú,a Èhrh 58 4'6 Èhr fmdfydr 59 5' ldnksl m<sfndaO md,kh 61 5'1 iajdNdúl úl¾Il Ydl me<Eá isgqùu 62 5'2 fldfydU weg ødjKh 63 5'3 fldfydU hqI

63 5'4 fldfydU - l=re÷ - iqÿ¿EKq ñY%Kh 64 5'5 N+ñf;,a - l=re÷Ω - iqÿ¿EKq ñY%Kh 64 5'6 lDñ W.=,la idod .ekSu 65 6' f.j;a; kv;a;= lsÍfïos ie,ls,su;a úh hq;= lreKq 66 6'1 c, l<ukdlrKh 68 6'2 f.j;= j.dj i|yd c,h Ndú;d lsÍug Wmfoia 69 6'3 f.j;= w,xlrKh 70 6'4 f.j;a; ;=, ffcj úúO;aj ixrlaIKh 72 6'4'1 iuk, Whkla ks¾udKh lr.kakd wdldrh 72 7' weuqKqu

j.d Ôjk pl% 76

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

1. mßir ys;ldó kd.ßl

f.j;= j.dj mßir ys;ldó kd.ßl f.j;= j.djla Wfoid ldnksl fmdfydr Ndú;fha we;s jeo.;alu yd tAjdfha iudc wd¾Ól jákdlu uekúka jgyd.;a ä,aud ixrËK wdh;kh iSñ; bvlvla iys; kd.ßl f.j;=j, ldnksl fmdfydr Ndú;d lrñka f.j;= j.dj isÿ lsÍfï l%ufõohka o y÷kajd § we;' wiajekafka .=Kd;aul Ndjh by, kexùu" mßir ys;ldó wmøjH l<ukdlrKh" m%;spl%SlrKh" iajdNdúl iïm;a ixrËKh yd kd.ßl f.j;=j.d we;s lsÍu hk ldrKd m%Odk fldgf.k m¾fhaIK iy kj ksmehqï u.ska mßir ys;ldó ldnksl j.d l%u y÷kajd §fï wruqKska ä,aud ixrËK ;sridr lDIsld¾ñl m¾fhaIKdh;kh (DCSARC) msysgqjk ,§'

14

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

DCSARC wdh;khg wh;a ixrËK j.dìï fldgila jk zálsß fldgqfõZ m<;=re" t<jΩ¿ j¾. iy T!IO me,Eá j¾. 100 la muK j.d fldg we;' ridhk øjHhkaf.ka f;dr fmdfydr yd m<sfndaO md,kh" mia rys; c, frdams; j.d l%u yd isria lDIsld¾ñl l%u ms<sn| m¾fhaIK meje;aùug wu;r j mE,shf.dv ä,aud l¾udka;Yd,dfjka bj;<k ,E,s" ysia lEka" nlÜ" gh¾ wdÈh Ndú; fldg kj; u lDIsld¾ñl fuj,ï o ks¾udKh lrkq ,nhs' ;j o" iudc oekqj;a lsÍfï jevigyka u.ska DCSARC wdh;kfha kj fidhd.ekSï ck;djg fnod fokq ,nhs' tys § iSñ; bvlvla iys; kd.ßl f.j;a;l kj;u l%u Ndú;fhka id¾:l j.djla isÿ lrk whqre;a .Dyia: wmøjH l<ukdlrKh lrk whqre;a ms<sn| j ck;dj oekqj;a lrkq ,nhs' fujka oekqj;a lsÍï úfYaIfhkau uyck;dj b,lal fldg isÿ lrkq ,nk w;r" óg wu;r j fi!LHdrËs; .Dyia: t<jΩ¿ m<;=re mßfNdackhg o ck;dj Wkkaÿ lrjhs'

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

15

1'1 f.j;= j.dfjka ,nd.; yelss m%;s,dN j¾. óg¾ 10 l j¾.M,hlska hq;a N+ñ m%udKhl ksjig wjYH ishΩ¿ u t<jΩ¿Ω iy m,;=re j¾. j.d lr .; yel' fuysoS mi ksire ùu wju jk wdldrhg bvlv Wmßufhka m%fhdackhg .ekSu;a id¾:l m<sfndaO md,kh;a ms<sn| ie,ls,su;a ùu wjYH h' ;sfnk iqΩ¿ bvlvl jqj o m%fhdackj;a Ydl isgqjd .ekSu wmyiq fkdfõ' mßirhg" mjq,g iy mqoa.,sl j Tng jdis i,id fok f.j;= j.dj M,odhS úfkdaodxYhls' fuh YÍrhg jHdhdu;a ukig iykh;a ,efnk l%shdldrluls' f.j;a;lska ksjig wjYH T!IO me<Eá" m,d j¾." l=Ω¿nvq j¾." t<j¿Ω j¾." m,;=re j¾. iy w, j¾. ,nd .; yel' f.j;= j.dj u.ska ksjig wjYH ffoksl wdydr ,nd.; yelsjkjd muKla fkdj" tu.ska iun, wdydr fõ,la yd Wiia fmdaIK .=Khl=;a ,nd .; yel' f.j;= j.dj u.ska Tng wjYH wdydr myiqfjka ksIamdokh lr .; yelsjdla fuka u" fmdaIK .=Kfhka by< kejqï t<jΩ¿Ω m,;=re o wkqNjhg .; yels fõ'

h z

f

2.

ldnks l f.j;= j.dj

ldnksl f.j;= j.dj hkq ridhksl m<sfndaO kdYl" j,a kdYl fyda ridhksl fmdfydr Ndú;fhka f;drj m,;=re iy t<j¿ wd§ fnda. j.d lsÍuhs'

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

2'2 j.d lsÍug fmr mi ieliSu 2'1 ldnksl j.dj jeo.;a jkafka wehs@ ridhksl m<sfndaO kdYl" j,a kdYl yd ridhksl fmdfydr wdÈh wmf.a fi!LHhg fuka u mßirhg t,a, lrkafka o úYd, n,mEuls' ldnksl j.d l%u Ndú;h u.ska mßir ¥IKh wju jk w;r mßirhg wys;lr úI øjH u.ska isÿjk n,mEu o wju fõ' fuu.ska iqrËs; Ôú;hla Wod lr .; yelsjk w;r fuh mi yd c,h ixrËKhg o WmldÍ fõ' b;d l=vd bv m%udKhl jqj o Tng wjYH t<j¿ Ωiy m,;=re j.dlr .; yels kï th Tng myiq jkjd muKla fkdj wd¾Ól m%;s,dN o w;alr foa'

mi lsysm j;djla fmr<d ysre t<shg ksrdjrKh fldg ;eîfuka oekg mfiys we;s m<sfndaOlhska bj;a lr .; yel' mi fmr<Su ksid mfiys we;s m<sfndaOlhskaf.a ì;a;r" lSghska iy o<Uqjka úkdY jk w;r ysre t<shg ksrdjrKh lsÍfuka m<sfndaOlhskag ;j ÿrg;a cSj;a ùug wys;lr mßirhla ks¾udKh lrhs'

2'3 ldnksl fmdfydr Ndú;h DCSARC wdh;kh úiska ñf,ka wvq" by, ld¾hËu;djhlska hq;a ldnksl fmdfydr ksIamdokh lrkq ,nhs' ldnksl fmdfydr ldnka iy khsg%cka i|yd b;d fyd| m%Njhla fõ' fuu.ska mfia c,h r|jd .ekSfï yelshdj j¾Okh jk w;r mi ireù by< M,odjla ,nd .ekSug WmldÍ fõ'

wys;lr ridhksl fmdfydr yd m<sfndaO kdYl Ndú;fhka f;dr ldnksl j.d l%u Ndú;fhka f.j;= j.d lsÍfï § ,efnk wiajekak o YÍrhg wys;lr úI ridhkhkaf.ka f;dr fõ' ;j o ldnksl j.d l%u Ndú;fha we;s ;j;a iqúfYaIS jeo.;alula kï" fuu.ska mßirhg tl;=jk ldnka m%udKh wju ùfuka f.da,Sh WKqiqï ùu wju ;;ajhl mj;ajd .ekSug WmldÍ ùuhs' f.j;= j.dj ksid ks¾udKh jk yß; m%foaYh" mßirh" mßir moaO;s iy ffcj úúO;aj ixrËKhg o ufydamldÍ fõ' yß; mßirhla" úfYaIfhkau kd.ßl mßirhg isis,ila ,nd fok w;r th n, Yla;s ixrËKhg o WmldÍ fõ' iEu cSúfhl=g u mi w;HdjYH idOlhls' iuyr cSù fldÜGdY mi jdiia:dkhla lr .kakd w;r iuyfrl=g th j¾Ol udOHhla f,i o lghq;= lrhss' ñksid we;=¿Ω fndfyda cSùkaf.a wdydrhjk Ydl j¾Okhg o mi w;HdjYH idOlhla f,i l%shd lrhs' mig fldïfmdaiaÜ fmdfydr tl;= lsÍu jeks ldnksl j.d l%u ksid mfia fmdaIl ix>gl j, ixhq;sh by, hdfuka mi ixj¾Okh ù mi jdiia:dkh fldg.;a cSùkag ;sridr mßir moaO;shla ks¾udKh lr foa' ixj¾Okh lrk ,o mil c,h iy fmdaIK ix>gl r|jd;nd .ekSfï yelshdj by< uÜgul mj;sk w;r th fnda.fha j¾Okhgo WmldÍ fõ' hym;a j¾Okhla iys; fnda. hlska ,efnkd wiajekak o by< h' uqΩ¿;ekaf.hs bj;<k wmøjH m%;spl%SlrKh lsÍfuka ;kd.kq ,nk wys;lr ridhk øjHhkaf.ka f;dr fldïfmdaiaÜ fmdfydr fnda. j¾Okhg fukau mfiys ixhq;sh wdrlaId lsÍug o ukd msájy,la ,nd foa' 18

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

z 08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

3.

isria

lDIsl¾udka;h m%fhdackhg .; yels bv m%udKh i,ld n,d f.j;a;la my; mßÈ j¾. l< yel¡

m%udKj;a bvlvla iys; N+ñ m%udKhl ie,iqï lrk ,o f.j;a;la ks¾udKh lr tA i|yd ldnksl fmdfydr Ndú;dfldg mßfNdackhg wjYH fnda. j¾. j.dlr .; yel'

uOHu mßudKfha f.j;a;la iSñ; bvlvla iys; uOHu mßudKfha N+ñ m%udKhl f;dard.;a ìï lvl ie,iqï fkdl< j.djla wdrïN l< yel' fuu ìfuys j.d n÷ka yd j.d l=Ω¿Kq iúl< yels jqjo j.d ìula ukdj ie,iqï l, yel' th isÿl, yelafla n÷ka j.dj" j.d l=¿Kq yd ;sria j.d l%u yd jHqyhka Ndú;d lr .ekSfuks' flfia fj;;a ldnksl fmdfydr" Èhr fmdfydr iy m<sfndaOkdYl ksmoùug wuqøjH fidhd.ekSu ;rula wmyiq úh yel'

l=vd mßudKfha f.j;a;la j.d lsÍu i|yd we;af;a b;d l=vd N+ñ m%udKhls' ldnksl fmdfydr" Èhr fmdfydr iy m<sfndaOkdYl ksmoùug wuqøjH fidhd.ekSu wmyiq fõ'

u

n

a

úYd, f.j;a;la

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

wä 30 x 30 N+ñ m%udKhl j.d lr ,nd.kakd wiajekak ksjeishkaf.a Èkm;d mßfNdackhg m%udKj;a fõ' mi msßySu wju jk f,i N+ñfhka Wmßu m%fhdack ,nd.ekSug;a frda. md,khg;a" ksrka;r wiajekakla ,nd.ekSug;a j.d udre l%uh fhdod .; yel' ye yel¡ l¡

3'1 ksjeros Ydl f;dard .ekSu

3'2 ldnksl f.j;a; i|yd bj;<k øjH m%;sNdú;h k.rno Ôj;a jkakkag tys we;s iSñ; bvlv fya;=fjka f.j;= j.djla hkq m%dfhda.sl fkdjk fohla f,i isf;kakg mq¿jk' flfia fj;;a" ksjfia bj;<k Èrdm;a fkdjk wmøjH Ndú;dfldg iqΩ¿ bv m%udKhl jqj o fnda. j.dj wdrïN l< yel' Èrdm;a fkdjk wmøjH f,i ie,flk ma,diaála" fmd,s;Ska yd rn¾ jeks

N+ñfha mßudKh ie,ls,a,g f.k isgqúh hq;af;a l=uk fnda. o

oE mßirhg b;du;a wys;lr h' fujeks Èrdm;a fkdjk oE ms<siaiSfuka jd;hg

hkak ks¾Kh l<hq;= w;r mdxY= ;;ajh" c,jykh" fijk iy

úI jdhq tlajk w;r mßirhg tla lsÍfuka mi iy c,h ¥IKh ù mßir

ysre t<sh hk ldrKd .eko ie<ls,su;a úh hq;=fõ' îc me," w;= me," ßls,s me,"noaO me,"jYfhka t<j¿ iy m<;=re me, ilia lr yelsh'

moaO;sfha

iu;=,s; ;djhg wys;lr n,mEï t,a, lrhs' ;j o fuu ma,diaála n÷ka bj; fkdoud ksji wjg tl;= ùug yeÍfuka tAjdfha uÿre lSghska fndaù udrdka;sl frda. o yg.ekSfï wjodkula we;súh yel'

me, u.ska l;=re uqrex.d" wU/,a,d" iuyr m,d j¾." flfi,a

îc u.ska lõms" uqx weg" uE lr,a" jegflΩd¿" mf;da," lrú," ñßia" msms[a[d" jÜglald" ksú;s" lerÜ" ;ïm,d" nKavlald" g¾ksma wd§ j¾.'

ßls,s u.ska ksú;s" fldys," n;," w," bÕ=re" idrK" f.dgqfld," uqrex.d" lsß w," foys w," je,a w," wkakdis wdÈh'

22

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

Ndú;fhka miq bj;<k ma,diaála fnda;,a" ysia lEka iy f.daks" fnda. j.d lsÍug Ndú;d l< yels Èrdm;a fkd jk wmøjH f,i ie<flk fmd,s;Ska Wr" mrK gh¾" ma,diaála fnda;,a iy lEka ks¾udKd;aul yd mßir ys;ldó f,i Ndú;dfldg fnda. j.d lsÍfï l%uhla ä,aud ixrËK wdh;kh y÷kajd § we;' fuhg wu;r j t<jΩ¿ j.d lsÍu i|yd ä,aud f;a l¾udka; Yd,dfjka bj;<k ,E,s Ndú;dfldg j.d wdlD;s o ks¾udKh lrkq ,nhs' ksjfiaÈ jqj o ma,diaála fnda;,a" lEka yd gh¾ m%;sNdú;h u.ska u,a j¾." t<j¿Ω iy wfkl=;a wdydr fnda. j¾. j.d lr .; yel' fuu j.d l%u È.= ld,Sk jk w;r" wvq msßjehlska ksu lr.; yel' ksjeishkag o mßirhg o tlfia jdisodhl h' iSñ; bvlvla iys; N+ñ m%udKhlg .e,fmk myiqfjka ks¾udKh lr.; yels j.d wdlD;s my; oelafõ'

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

3'2'1 j.d fïih wjYH øjH d

2 x 2 fyda 2 x 4 ,S len,s

04la Wi wä 3 1$2 la muK

d

wÕ,a 1 x 4 ,E,s wä 5-6 È. len,s 02la iy wÕ,a 1 x 4 ,E,s wä 3 È. len,s 02

d

wÕ,a 1 x 4 È. wä 2 len,s 02

iy wÕ,a 1 x 4 È. wä 1 len,s 02

d fïih u; we;sÍug wjYH ;rï ,E,s d fldïfmdaiaÜ" fldyqn;a iy u;=msg ia:rfha mia iuiu j fh¥ mdxY+ ñY%Khla

d

f;dard .;a îc fyda me,

l%uh 1¡ 2 x 2 fyda 2 x 4 ,S Wmfhda.S lrf.k fïifha ll=,a y;r rEmfha oelafjk wdldrhg ilia lr .kak' 2¡ wxl 2ys oelafjk wÕ,a 1 x 4 ,E,s Wmfhda.S lrf.k fïi l+vqj ^rduqj& ilia lr.kak' 3¡ bkamiqj wxl 3ys oelafjk ,S len,s 4 Wmfhda.S lrf.k l=vd rduqjla idod .kak' 4¡ fuu l=vd rduqj fïifha ueog isák fia fïifha ,E,s ;Ügqj w;=rd ljq¿jla lmd tu rduqj we;=,g .s,ajd ;nkak' 5¡ bkamiq tu rduqjg iß,k fia n÷kla ilid tu n÷k fldïfmdaiaÜ fmdfydr" fldyqn;a" u;=msg mia ñY%Kfhka mqrjd îc j¾. fyda frdamK øjH isgqjkak'

fuu wdlD;sfhys my; oelafjk fnda. j.d l< yel i,do fld," f.dajd" ñkaÑ" kSrd ,Slaia 26

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

3'2'2 isria ì;a;s rdlal wjYH øjH d d

,S má

d

f;dard .;a îc fyda me,

fldïfmdaiaÜ" fldyq n;a iy u;=msg ia:rfha mia iuiu j oeuQ mdxY+ ñY%Khla

l%uh 1¡ ,S má isria j ;nd m%Odk rduqj ;kd .kak' 2¡ ,S rdlal 3 la fyda Bg jeä .Kkla ;kd .kak' 3¡ ,S rdlalh ì;a;shg iú lrkak' 4¡ iEu rdlalhla u mia ñY%Kfhka mqrjkak' 5¡ rdlalj, îc fyda me, isgqjkak' 6¡ iEu rdlalhlg u Èkm;d c,h tla lrkak'

fuu wdlD;sfhys my; oelafjk fnda. j.d l< yel rdnq" i,do fld<" uE lr,a" lerÜ iy ñßia j¾.

3'2'3 ,S rdlal wjYH øjH d d d d d d

,S má fldïfmdaiaÜ fmdfydr fldyqn;a u;=msg mia iuj f.k ilialr.;a mia ñY%Khla j.d lsÍug ;dard .;a îc fyda me, jiqka oeóu i|yd úh<s fld, frdvq $ msÿre mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

29

l%uh 1¡ ,S má Ndú;fhka N+ñ m%udKhla fldgq lrf.k thg idÞ.;a ñY%Kh tl;= lrkak' 2¡ md;a;s jgd jeá i,l=Kq lr.kak' 3¡ jeá w;r l=vd ldkq lmd .ekSfuka c, wmjykh ld¾hËu j isÿ fõ' 4¡ îc fyda me, isgqjd .kak' 5¡ fld, frdvq Ndú;fhka md;a;s wdjrKh lr .kak' 6¡ md;a;s j,g Èklg fojrla c,h tla lrkak'

fuu wdlD;sfhys my; oelafjk fnda. j.d l< yel ngq" nKavlald" ñßia" uE lr,a iy fjk;a me, j¾.¡

3'2'4 ma,diaála lEka r|jkhla ;kd .ekSu wjYH øjH

d d d

,S má ma,diaála lEka fyda fnda;,a fldïfmdaiaÜ" fldyqn;a iy u;=msg ia:rfha mia iuiu j oeuQ mdxY+ ñY%Khla

d

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

f;dard .;a îc fyda me,

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

l%uh

3'2'5 ma,diaála lEka rdlalhla idod .ekSu

1¡ wÕ,a 4-5 muK m<,lska hq;= me,Ü ,E,s wÕ,a 8la È.g iy wÕ,a 4la È.g

wjYH øjH

lmd.kak' 2¡ wÕ,a 4 fyda 5 l yß y;/ia ,E,s lefn,a,la ;s%fldaKdldrj folg lmd.kak' tla r|jkhla ilia lsÍu i|yd fuu j¾. ;=fkkau tl lefn,a, ne.ska wjYH fõ' 3¡ È.= ,S máfha ueog t,a yevhg flá ,S máh iú lr.kak' 4¡ È.= ,S máh ì;a;sfha isria w;g ;nd t,a yevhg iúl, máhg wdOdrlhla f,i ;s%fldaKdldr má lene,a, iú lrkak'

d d d d d

2 x 2 ,S má 8la muK bj;<k ,S m;=re fldïfmdaiaÜ" fldyq n;a iy u;=msg ia:rfha mia ium%udKhg oeuQ mdxY+ ñY%Khla ma,diaála lEka f;dard .;a îc fyda me,

5¡ ma,diaála lEkhl fyda fnda;,hl u;=msg lmd wfkla me;af;a isÿre ;kd .kak' 6¡ fnda;,a fyda lEka j,g mia ñY%Kh tla lrkak' 7¡ n÷ka j, îc fyda me, isgqjd .kak' 8¡ iEu r|jkhlg u n÷k ne.ska ;nkak' 9¡ iEu n÷klg u Èkm;d c,h tla lrkak'

fuu wdlD;sfhys my; oelafjk fnda. j.d l< yel rdnq" i,do fld<" uE lr,a" lerÜ" ñßia j¾. iy ,Slaia

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

l%uh

3'2'6 gh¾ j.d l=¿K

1¡ ,S o~q Ndú;fhka ;%sfldaKdldr rduq 2la ;kd .kak'

Yla;su;a Ndjhlska fyì gh¾ f.j;= j.dfõ § b;du;a

2¡ bj;<k ,S má Ndú;fhka rdlal 4-5la muK ;kd .kak'

m%fhdackj;a fõ' tlu; tl wiqrd ;eîfï § jqjo tys

3¡ iEu ,S rdlalhla u m%Odk ;%sfldaKdldr rduq j,g ;sria f,i iú lrkak'

yevh fkdfjkia j mj;S' tys we;s c, m%;sfrdaOl

4¡ m%Odk rduqjg Yla;su;a Ndjhla ,nd oSug tys m;=f,a rdlal 2la iú lrkak'

.=Kh ksid mdxY= Ldokh iy ldkaÿ ùu j<lhs'

5¡ rduqfõ uOHfha rdlal 2la iy by<ska rdlalhla isák fia iú lrkak'

f.j;= j.djg gh¾ Ndú;d lsÍfï wfkla

6¡ ma,diaála lEkfha by,ska y;/ia lene,a,la lmd bj;a lrkak¡ ld¾hËu c,

jdish kï w;ayer oeuQ gh¾ j,

wmjykhla i|yd wfkla me;af;a isÿre idod .kak'

uÿrejka fndaùu je<elaùuh'

7¡ iEu lEkhlg u mia ñY%Kh mqrjd .kak' 8¡ lEkh ;=, îc fyda me, isgqjkak' 9¡ fuu lEka ,S rdlalj, wiqrkak' 10¡ fï ish,a,g u Èkm;d c,h tla lrkak'

fuu wdlD;sfhys my; oelafjk fnda. j.d l< yel rdnq" i,do fld<" uE lr,a" lerÜ" ñßia j¾. iy wfkl=;a fnda. j¾.'

wjYH øjH

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

d d d

m%udK 3 l gh¾

d

fldïfmdaiaÜ" fldyq n;a iy r¿ Ω je,s ium%udKhg oeuQ mdxY+ ñY%Khla

d d d d

f;dard .;a îc yd ßls,s

.fvd,a iy fmd,a f,,s wÕ,a 5 jg m%udKfha mrK mSùiS nghla

ma,diaála Ndckhla nqreuhla msyshla mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

35

l%uh 1¡ Tn leu;s ghrhla f.k tys odrfha isg lïì w;=rd we;s u;=msgg wdikakj lmd bj;a lr.; yels wdldrfhka tla me;a;la lmd bj;a lr.kak'

3'2'7 fk¿ï u,a yeve;s gh¾ j.d l=¿Kq wdo¾Ylh

2¡ úúO m%udK j,ska hq;a gh¾ imhd .; yels kï úYd,;u ghrh j.d l=¿fKa

wjYH øjH

m;=,g isák fia lmd.;a gh¾ tlla u; wfkla tajd r|jkak' tfia /|ùfï§ fnda. j.d l< yels ldKqjla n÷ lmd bj;alr.;a gh¾ fldgi fkdkefjk fia

d

myiqfjka lmd f.k lkmsg yerúh

d d d

f;dard .;a îc yd ßls<s

;nd .kak''

yels wdldrfha ;=kS gh¾

3¡ gh¾ l=¿K yß ueo wÕ,a 4l mS ù iS k<hla i¾ms,dldrj isÿrelr tla me;a;la tkaâ lema tllska jid jeiqK me;a; fmdf<dj hg wähla muK .eUqrg j<,d .kak' ^j.djg c,h iemhSu ioyd fuu mS ùiS ngh wjYH fõ&'

fldïfmdaiaÜ wvx.= fmdfydr mia ñY%Khla ;shqKq msyshla

d

w;a jeiqï

4¡ fï wdldrfhka f.dv k.d .;a gh¾ l=¿Kg wod, lmk ,o gh¾ j.d mia ñYKfhka mqrjd fkd.eUqre uq,a iys; fnda. j¾. isgqjd .kak'' 5¡ wk;=rej gh¾ l=¿K jgd wä 1 1$2la m<,g ;j;a rjqula ilialr th fmd,a f,,s len,s fyda .fvd,a j,ska mia bj;g fkdhk fia md;a;sh wdjrKh lr fmdfydr mia ñY%Kh mqrjd îc j¾. fyda frdamK øjH j.d lrkak'' 6¡ ieu úgu mSùiS ngh ;=,ska c,h iemhSu isÿl< hq;= w;r" c,h imhd wjika jQ jydu tu ngh fmd,a lgqjlska fyda tkaâ lema tllska jid ;nd uÿrejka fndaùu

l%uh 1¡ mska;+rfha fmfkk wdldrhg ghrfha we;=<; odrfhka wdrïN lr fk¿ï u,l fm;s wdldrhg lmd.kak' lmd.;a ghrh lkmsg yerùfuka fk¿ï u,a yevh ,nd.; yelsfõ' 2¡ l=¿fKa m;=,g ouk ghrh úYd, tlla úh hq;= w;r" ta u; ;nk iEu ghrhlau tlsfklg fjkia úYd,;ajfhka hq;a tajd úh hq;=h'

j<lajd .kak'

3¡ l=¿K Yla;su;aj mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd úYd, ghrhla yd l=vd ghrhlska hqla;

fuu wdlD;sfhys my; oelafjk fnda. j.d l< yel m<uq ia:rh: wuq ñßia iy T!IO me,Eá fojk ia:rh: i,do fld< j¾." lerÜ" îÜ rEÜ yd g¾ksma f;jk ia:rh: i,do fld< j¾.

mi ksire ùu wju jk f,i N+ñfhka Wmßu m%fhdack ,nd .ekSug;a frda. md,khg;a" ksrka;r wiajekakla ,nd .ekSug;a j.d udre l%uh fhdod .; yel'

gh¾ foll l=¿Kla ùu iqÿiq h' ta i|yd úYd, ghrh ueÈka 4x4 m%udKfha ,S lene,a,la fyda rjqï ,Shla isgqjd ta u; ,E,a,la ;nd l=vd ghrh tu ,E,a, u; ;ekam;alr gh¾ folgu fmdfydr mia ñY%Kh msrùu iqÿiqh' 4¡ uq,a moaO;sh fkd.eUqre u,a" t<j¨" m,;=re fuys j.d lsÍu iqÿiq h

fuu wdlD;sfhys my; oelafjk fnda. j.d l< yel

u,a j¾." m<;=re" T!IO

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

3'2'8 ì;a;s f.daks wdlD;sh wjYH øjH d d d d

mrK fmd,s;Ska fyda fros nE.a boslgqjla iy kQ,a ,S má lsysmhla fldïfmdaiaÜ" fldyq n;a iy u;=msg ia:rfha mia iuiu j oeuQ mdxY+ ñY%Khla

d d d

l%uh

f;dard .;a îc fyda me, nqreuhla msyshla

1¡ nE.h ueoska isria j uid fldgia 2 lg fjka lr .kak' 2¡ tu fldgia 2ka u l=vd fldgia lmd .kak' 3¡ fldgia folgu mia ñY%Kh tla lrkak' 4¡ nE.fha by, fldgi uid ,S máhla jfÜ T;d nE.fha my; fldgig ;nd uid .kak' 5¡ îc fyda me, nE.fha fldgia foflys fjk fjk u isgqjkak' 6¡ ,S máhla wdOdrfhka nE.h ì;a;shg iú lrkak'

fuu wdlD;sfhys my; oelafjk fnda. j.d l< yel ñßia j¾. iy ksú;s 38

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

3'2'9 ner,a j.d l=¿K

wjYH øjH

wjYH øjH d d d d d d

bj; oeuQ ner,hla" ^úYd, m%udKfha& úYalïNh wÕ,a 4-5 mrK mSùiS nghla" Wo¿ ñgl m%udKfha ,S lene,a,laa lsh;la iy fydÜ .ka WmlrKhla íf,da ,dïmqjla

3'2'10 V yeve;s rdlalhla ;kd .ekSu

d

f;dard .;a îc yd me,

d d d

,S má

d

f;dard .;a me, iy îc

2 x 2 ,S ovq 4 la fldïfmdaiaÜ" fldyq iy u;=msg ia:rfha mia ium%udKhg oeuQ mdxY+ ñY%Khla

fldïfmdaiaÜ" fldyq n;a iy u;=msg ia:rfha mia iu m%udKhg oeuQ mdxY+ ñY%Khla

l%uh

1¡ ner,fha ner,h jgd wä 01l ÿr m%udKhg fyda Bg u|la wvqfjka ,l=Kq fhdod f.k tu i,l=K u; wÕ,a 4la lsh; Ndú;fhka lmd .kak 2¡ tu lmd .;a i,l=Kg my<ska fydÜ .ka tl fyda .Eia ,dïmqj Wmfhda.S lrf.k r;alrñka lemqïlg ;=,g ,S lene,a, hjñka my<g újD; jQ újrhla ilid .kak' fï wdldrfhka uq¿ ner,h jgd újr ilid .kak' 3¡ ner,fha Wvq mshk yß ueo w.,a 4l isÿrla idod f.k tla me;a;la tkaâ lema tllska jid f.k mS ù iS k<h we;=¿ lrkak' 4¡ tu mSùiS k<h i¾ms,dldrj isÿre idod.;a tlla úh hq;=h' mSùiS ngh iújQ miq ner,h u;=msg mshfka wÕ,a 10 l ;rfï újr 4la mSùiS k<h jgd lmd bj;a lrkak' 5¡ ner,h m;=,g w.,l ;rï l=vd .,a len,s ;Ügqjla wÕ,a 2l ;rï >klug wiqrd .ekSfuka c, jykh myiq lr.; yelsh' 6¡ mia ñY%Kfhka ner,h mqrjd .kakd w;ru l,ska n÷ka j, j.d lr.;a me, ner,fha isÿre u;g we;=¿lr isgqjd .kak' 7 ner,fha u;=msg lmd.;a isÿre 4g ñßia" ngq" ;lald,s jeks .eUqre uq,a we;s fnda. isgqjd .; yelsh 8¡ mSùiS ngfhka Èklg fojrla c,h imhkak ^jeiai fkdue;s Èkj,§&

fuu wdlD;sfhys my; oelafjk fnda. j.d l< yel ñßia" rdnq" i,do" ksú;s" ñkaÑ jeks fnda.

40

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

l%uh

3'2'11 j.d f;mdj

1¡ ,S máhl fofl,jßka ;%sfldaKdldr fldgia 2 la lmd .kak'

wjYH øjH

2¡ rdlal ;kd .ekSug ,S má foflys V yevfha fldkaj,g ,S má ;sria yevhg ;nkak' 3¡ ;sria yevhg ;enQ ,S má j, ysia wjldY w;rg ,S má iú lrkak' 4¡ ,S má Ndú;fhka l=vd ,S rduqjla ;kd .kak' 5¡ ,S má Ndú;fhka ;rul m%udKhl rduqjla ;kd th fmd<jg

d d d

2 x 2 ,S o~q 3la

d

f;dard .;a îc fyda me,

bj;<k ,S má iy weK fldïfmdaiaÜ" fldyq iy u;=msg ia:rfha mia iuiu j oeuQ mdxY+ ñY%Khla

iú lrkak' 6¡ thg mia ñY%Kh tla lrkak' 7¡ tys ueo ,S rduqj ;nkak' 8¡ ,S rduqfõ uOHfha V yeve;s rdlalh ;nkak¡ 9¡ V yeve;s rdlalfha iEu fldgila u mia ñY%Kfhka mqrjd .kak' 10¡ V yeve;s rdlalfha;a" l=vd ,S rduqfõ;aa" úYd, ,S rduqfõ;a îc fyda me, isgqjd .kak' 11¡ Èklg fojrla c,h tla lrkak'

fuu wdlD;sfhys my; oelafjk fnda. j.d l< yel uql=Kqjekak" lxl=x" f.dgqfld<" ñßia j¾." w;=f.dajd iy ksú;s 42

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

l%uh 1¡ 2 x 2 ,S o~q Ndú;fhka f;mdjla ;kd .kak' 2¡ ,S má Ndú;dlr ;%sfldaKdldr rduqjla ;kd .kak' úYd, m%udKfha tAjd hgg;a l=vd m%udKfha tAjd Wvg;a isák mßos ,S má Ndú;d l< yel' fïjd w;r wjYH m%udKhg wjldYh ;nkak' 3¡ m%udKfhka úYd, ;%sfldaKdldr rduqj m;=f,a r|jkak' uOHu m%udKfha rduqj uOHfha o l=vd rduqj by, o isák mßos f;mdfjys r|jkak' 4¡ iEu rduqjlu m;=, c, wmjykh i|yd we;sl< lemqï iys; ,S má j,ska wdjrKh lrkak' 5¡ iEu fmÜáhlau mia ñY%Kfhka mqrjkak' 6¡ f;mdfõ m;=, m%foaYh wjg fmd,a f,,s oud mia ïY%Kfhka mqrjd .kak' 7¡ iEu ;%sfldaKdldr fmÜáhl u îc fyda me, isgqjd .kak' 8¡ Èklg fojrla c,h tla lrkak'

fuu wdlD;sfhys my; oelafjk fnda. j.d l< yel rdnq" i,do fld<" uE lr,a" lerÜ" ,Slaia iy ñßia j¾."

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

3'2'12 ma,diaála fnda;,a jeg

3'2'13 yß; ì;a;s j.d wdlD;sh

wjYH øjH d d

wjYH øjH

bj;<k ma,diaála fnda;,a jh¾" fmam¾ lgrhla fyda msyshla" weK

d

fldïfmdaiaÜ" mia iy fmd,afldyq iudk m%udK j,ska hq;a ñY%Kh

d

f;dard.;a îc iy ßls<s

idod .kakd wdldrh 1' ;shqKq msyshla fyda fmam¾ lgrhla Ndú;fhka fnda;,fha wäh lmd .kak' 2' ;shqKq WmlrKhla fyda r;alr.;a weKhla Ndú;fhka fnda;,a uQäfha isÿre lsysmhla úo .kak' 3' fnda;,fha fmd,a fldyq ;=kS ;Ügqjla w;=rd ^by; ñY%Kh i|yd Ndú;d l<& mia j,ska fnda;,h mqrjd .kak' 4' tfia idod.;a fnda;,a" jhrhla Ndú;fhka oe,a jeglg iïnkaO lrkak' 5' wjYH;djh wkQj îc j¾. iy w;= ßls<s fnda;,a j, isgqjd .kak' 6' Tnf.a f.j;af;a oe,a jegla fkdue;s kï mrK Ô whs mhsmam iy hlv oe,la Ndú;fhka o j.d wdlD;shla idod .; yel' 7' me< j,g Èklg fojrla c,h tla l< hq;= h'

d d d d

úYd, m%udKfha gh¾ fldïfmdaiaÜ" fmd,afldyq iy mia iu m%udKfhka .;a ñY%Kh wjYH;djh wkQj îc j¾. iy ßls<s nqreuhla

d

fnda,aÜ weK

idod.kakd wdldrh 1¡ ;Ügq ;=klg ghr wiqrd .kak' m%udKfhka úYd, ghr m;=f,a isák mßÈ;a" uOHu m%udKfha ghr ueog jkakg;a" m%udKfhka l=vd ghr Wäka u msysgk f,i;a wiqrd .kak' 2¡ ghr j, u;=msg ieleiau mia r|jd .ekSug WmldÍ jk fyhska fuu wdlD;sh i|yd ghr we;=,g jkakg lmd .ekSu wjYH fkdfõ' 3¡ w;sßla; c,h .,d hEu i|yd m<uq ghrfha m;=f,a isÿrla úo .kak' 4¡ fuu wdlD;sfha Yla;su;a Ndjh i|yd iEu ghrhla u fnda,aÜ weK folla Ndú;fhka tlsfkl yd iïnkaO lrkak' 5¡ jEiaiqï c, iemhqula i|yd iEu ghrhlu u;=msg wÕ,a Nd.fha isÿr ne.ska úo .kak' fuu.ska by, ia:rfha isg my, ia:r fj; c,h jEiaiSu isÿ fõ' 6¡ fujeks wdlD;shla i|yd ksr;=reju c,h tlalsÍu wjYH fkdfõ' 7¡ jEiaiqï mhsmam moaO;shla iú lsÍu u.ska iajhxlS%hj wdlD;shg c,h iemhsh yel'

fuu wdlD;sh Ndú;fhka my; i|yka fnda. j¾. isgqjd .; yel T!IO me<Eá" fndaxÑ" ;lald,s" i,do fld< j¾. wd§ ´kEu fnda.hla fuu wdlD;sh Ndú;fhka isgqjd .; yel' je,a j¾. fuu wdlD;sh i|yd úfYaIfhka iqÿiq fõ' by, M,odjla i|yd uq,a moaO;sh wÕ,a

fuu wdlD;sh Ndú;fhka isgqjd .; yels fNda. j¾.

6 lg fkdwvq Ydl j¾. f;dard .ekSug úfYaIfhka u;l ;nd .kak'

rdnq" m,d j¾." T!IO me<Eá j¾." i,do fld<" uE lr,a" lerÜ iy ñßia j¾.

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

s 4.

ldnksl fhojqï

ldnksl fhojqï hkq wm mßirfhka ,nd.kakd Èrdm;a úhyels Ydl wjfYaI" uq¿;eka f.hs bj;<k øjH" i;aj u, we;=¿ øjH l%udkql+,j Èrdm;aùug Ndckh lrñka ilia lr.kakd iajNdúl fmdfydrls' fuu fmdfydrj, .=Kd;aul ;;ajh jeäÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd ndysr jYfhka imhd Èhyels ;j;a ldnksl øjHhka folla fj<|fmdf,ka ,nd .; yelsh' tAjd ye¢kafjkafka fvd,uhsÜ fyda lSirhsÜ iy frdlafmdiafmaÜ ^ERP& hk kïj,sks' fuu øjH fjk;a ldnksl wmøjH lsf,da.%Eï^úh<s& 50lg tl lsf,da.%Euh ne.ska ^1(50 wkqmd;hg& l,jïlr .ekSu iqÿiq fõ' fuhg wu;rj fjk;a ldnksl fhojqï

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

i

h 08

j¾.o we;'

ldnksl fhojqï d

ldnksl fmdfydr ^f.dv l%uh iy l=iaisfha fldïfmdaiaÜ f.j;a;&

d d d d

wdrïNl ødjKh .evú,a mKq fldïfmdaiaÜ .evú,a Èhrh Èhr fmdfydr mßirA ys Guide ;ldó to ldnks Eco-Friendly l f.j;= Home j.dGardening w;afmd;

49 09

4'1 f.dv l%uh

l¿ meye;s fmd,s;Ska Wrh

wjYH øjH

úh<s iy wuq m;%

úh<s iy wuq Ydl m;%" f.du" w¿" frdla fmdiafmaÜ iy fvd,uhsÜ" c,h" w¾O jYfhka Èrdm;a jQ fldïfmdaiaÜ

f.du iy c,h ñY%fldg ;kd .;a ødjKh iy fmr ksñ fldïfmdaiaÜ

idod.kakd wdldrh

mia

1¡ Tnf.a f.j;af;a fl<ska u ysre t<sh m;s; fkdjk úh<s ia:dkhla f;dard.kak' wä 4 x 4 x 2 la muK jk j,la ydrd.kak' 2¡ f.du iy c,h ñY%fldg ødjKhla ;kd f.k thg fmr ksñ fldïfmdaiaÜ tlalr ydrd .;a jf,a wähg fuu ñY%Kh tlalrkak' 3¡ wÕ,a 6l m%udKfha úh<s m;% iuÕ o bka miq ;j;a wÕ,a 6 l m%udKfha wuq

i;s 2lg miq ksÍlaIKh lsÍfï § fldïfmdaiaÜ f.dv úh<s iajNdjhlska Èia fõ kï f.du iy c,h ñY% ødjKhlska f;;a lr fyd¢ka ñY% lrkak

m;% iuÕ o fuh ñY% lr j,g tla lrkak' tu fhojqï iuÕ frdla fmdiafmaÜ iy fvd,uhsÜ o l,jï lr.kak' 4¡ j, msfrk ;=re fufia lrkak'

i;s lsysmhla jeks flá ld,hl§ Tng fldïfmdaiaÜ ;kd .ekSug wjYH kï" Ydl fldgia b;d isyska j lemSug ;a isyska ;Ügq jYfhka weisÍug;a j. n,d .kak' ñY%Kh ;kdf.k 3 jk" 6 jk iy 9 jk Èk j,§ th fyd¢ka ñY% l< hq;= w;r f;;ukh ,nd §ug f.du ødjKh tlal< hq;= h'tfia lsÍfuka 12 jk Èkfha fldïfmdaiaÜ Ndú;hg .; yel'

5¡ jf,ys újrh l¿ meye;s fmd,s;Ska Wrhlska wdjrKh lr ;nkak' 6¡ i;s 2lg miq ksÍlaIKh lsÍfï § fldïfmdaiaÜ f.dv úh<s iajNdjhlska Èia fõ kï f.du iy c,h ñY% ødjKhlska f;;a lr fyd¢ka ñY% lr uila muK ;sfnkakg yßkak' 7¡ by; i|yka l< mshjr fojrla l< hq;= w;r ñY%Kh wjYH mßÈ f;;a lsÍu o wjYH fõ'

50

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

4'2 l=iaisfha fldïfmdaiaÜ f.j;a; ^l=iaisfha f.j;a;' jjk úgu fmdfydr youq&

ksjfia bj;,k wmøjH

fldïfmdaiaÜ ;kd .ekSfï ir,u l%uh uq¿;ekaf.hs iy f.j;af;a bj; ouk oE

úh<s m;%

Ndú;hhs' b;sß jQ wdydr" fldams iy f;a uKaä" bj; ouk t<j¿ iy m,;=re len,s" lmd bj;a lrk ,o ;Kfld<" fmd,a f,,s" úh<s m;% iy l=vd w;= ßls<s

f;; mia

wdÈh fï i|yd Ndú;d l< yel' fuu fld< iy ÿUqre meye wmøjH j, ldnka

ksjiska neyer lrk wmøjH

iy khsg%cka by, uÜgul we;' wjYH kï mrK fldïfmdaiaÜ iaj,amhla iy w;= ßls<s" úh<sm;%" iy fmd,a f,,s

f.du o fï i|yd Ndú;d lsÍfuka fyd| m%;sM, ,nd.; yelsh'

wjYH øjH bj; ouk wdydr" uq¿;eka f.hs wmøjH iy f.j;af;a jeà we;s úh<s Ydl m;% Ndú;fhka Tng wjYH ldnksl fmdfydr fkd ñ,fha u idod .ekSug Tng yels fõ' ksjfia§ ;kd .;a fldïfmdaiaÜ" mdxY= ;;a;ajh ÈhqKq lsÍug fuka u fmdaIK .=Kfhka by, fmdfydrla f,i o Ndú;d l< yel' me< isgqùfï§ fuu fmdfydr mig tlal< yel'

wjYH kï n÷k msfrk ;=re ;j;a ñY%Kh tla lrkak' tfuka u l%uj;a j c,h iemhSu wjYH fõ'

l%uh 1¡ fï wä 4 x 10 m%udKfha md;a;shla ilialr .kak 2¡ md;a;sfha yrs ueo ,Kqjla weo md;a;sh ueo wä 1 1$2la tla me;a;g isák fia wä 1 1$2la ljhla

iEu i;s lsysmhlg jrla u n÷fka we;s ñY%Kh ,S fldagqjla fyda ij,la Ndú;fhka fmr<kak'

,l=Kq lrkak' 3¡ tu ljh jgd wä 1 1$2 -2la Wig l+vhla iEfok wdldrfhka ta jgd fldagq ^mqjla ,S WK m;=re& isgqjd f.k tAjd tlsfkl iújk wdldrfhka ne| .kak 4¡ tfia ilialr.;a l+vd j, m;=,g l=vd fldagq len,s oud bj;,k foaj,aj,ska mqrjd .kak' m;=<g ÈrE fldïfmdaiaÜ iaj,amhla ;ekam;alr .kak' bkamiq tu l+vd j,g ish¿u Èrdhk wmøjH mqrjd c,h j;alrkak' 5¡ n÷k jgd fnda. isgqjkak' udi 4-5l ld,hla ;=, tu fmdfydr fldgqj, .evú,a mKqjka iy Ëqø Ôùka nyq,ù Tnf.a j.dj ireidr lrkq we;' 6¡ È.ska È.gu tu l+vd j,g wmøjH mqrjkak'

52

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

4'3 wdrïNl ødjKh mfiys Ëqø cSù l%shdldÍ;ajh by, kexùug wdrïNl ødjKh Wmfhda.S lr .kS'

wjYH øjH f.du ^20 kg&" .j uq;%d ^20 ,Sgr&" Wla yl=re^2 kg& fyda fud,EIia fnda;, 2 la iy c,h ,Sgr 20 la iy rks, j¾.fha ^uqx" lõms" W÷& msá ls¡.%E 01 muK

l%uh 1¡ fï ish,a,u isfuka;s" ueá fyda ma,diaála Ndckhlg oud ñY% lrkak' fï i|yd hlv Ndck Ndú;d fkdlrkak' hlv by; ñY%Kh iuÕ

ñY%Kh Èkm;d Wfoa iji ,Shl

wys;lr f,i m%;sl%shd l< yel'

wdOrfhka l,jï lrkak

Ndú;h Wla yl=re (2kg)

uqx" lõms fyda W÷ msá (1kg)

fud,EIia ^fnda;, 2 la& 2¡ ñY%Kh lmq froaolska wdjrKh lr meh 24-72 ;a w;r ld,hla ;sfnkakg yßkak' 3¡ ñY%Kh Èkm;d Wfoa iji ,Shl wdOdrfhka l,jï lsÍug u;l ;nd .kak'

c,h ^10L&

wdrïNl ødjKh (1L)

4¡ ñY%Kh fmrd .ekSfuka wk;=rej b;sßjk m,amh fldïfmdaiaÜ f,i Ndú;d l< yel'

5¡ Ndú;hg fmr fuu ødjKfha tla fldgilg c,h ,Sg¾ 10 ne.ska tla lr ødjkhla idod .kak' fuu m%udKh wlalrhl muK N+ñ m%udKhlg iEfya' fuu ødjkh fh§fuka mfia Ëqø Ôùka j¾Okh ù mi idrj;a fõ'

.j uq;%d ^20L& fuu wdrïNl ødjKh Èk 2-3 lg jvd l,a ;nd.; fkdyel' fuh È.= ld,hla f.du (20kg)

Ndckfha ;sfnkakg yeßfhd;a Ëqø cSùka ñh hEu ksid Ndú;fhka m%;sM, w;a fkdfõ' mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

55

fldïfmdaiaÜ Ndú;hg iQodkï lsÍu

4'4 .evú,a mKqjka Ndú;fhka fdldïfmdaiaÜ ilid .ekSu

fldïfmdaiaÜ Ndú;hg .ekSug wdikak jk úg

fldïfmdaiaÜ fmdfydfrys M,odhS;djh j¾Okh lr .ekSug iajdNdúl f,i

ñY%Khg c,h tl;= lsÍu keje;aúh hq;=h' túg

.evú,a mKqjka (Eudrilus eugeniae) ñY%Kfha j¾Okh ùug bv yßkak'

by, ia:rfha isák .evú,a mKqjka m;=f,a we;s f;; mi fj; .uka lrhs' Ndú;h i|yd by,

.evú,a mKqjka /ia lsrSu >k" f;;a mila iys; ia:dkhla f;dardf.k thg f.du iy fud,EIia tl;=fldg l,jï lr frÈ lvlska jid ;nkak' ^fud,EIia fkdue;s kï ÿUqre iSks Ndú;d

ia:rfha we;s fldïfmdaiaÜ ;Ügq ,nd .; yel' .evú,a mKqjkaf.a l%shdldÍ;ajh kej; we;s lr 300 .evú,a mKqjka

.ekSu i|yd w¾O f,i úfhdackh jQ fldïfmdaiaÜ f.k ñY%Kfha tu ysiajQ fldgig tla l< yel'

lrkak&

fufia ,nd.kakd ,o fmdfydr ñY%Kfha ldnka iy khsg%cka m%;sY;h b;du;a by< w.hl we;s w;r lD;su ridhksl fmdfydr fuka fkdj Ydl j,g b;du;a ys;lr h'

miq Èk fuys .evú,a mKqjka oel .; yel'

l%uh 1¡ isfuka;s" ueá fyda ma,diaála Ndckhlg úfhdackh jQ fldïfmdaiaÜ" Ndckfhka 3$4 la oud thg .evú,a mKqjka 300 la muK oukak' 2¡ Ndckh ysre t<sh fkdjefgk úh<s ia:dkhl ;nkak' fldïfmdaiaÜ ñY%Kfha f;;a nj wdrlaId lsÍug thg Èkm;d c,h tla lrkak' 56

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

jeo.;a .evú,a mKq .ykh by, kexùug" f.du" ó lsß iy yl=re wdÈh tla lrkak'

4'5 .evú,a oshrh

4'6 oshr fmdfydr

.evú,a mKq fldïfmdaiaÜ fuka u fuh o .evú,a mKqjkaf.a

Èhr fmdfydr ;kd .ekSug f,dayuh fkdjk n÷klg úúO j¾.fha wuq m;%"

wmøjH øùh wdldrhg fmdfydr f,i fhdod .; yel'

f.du iy c,h tla lr wdjrKh lr i;s 3la muK ;sfnkakg yßkak' Èk 21 la muK jk fuu ld, iSudj ;=, úáka úg ñY%Kh l,jï lrkak' fmk ke.Su k;r

l%uh úYd, ner,hl m;=,g wÕ,a 1$2 l muK .fvd,a len,s wÕ,a 6l ;Ügqjla" Ydl m;%" msÿre iy fjk;a Èrdm;a jk ffcj fldgia

wjYH øjH

r¿ je,s wÕ,a 6la" fldïfmdaiaÜ f.du iy .evú,a mKqjka 100lA iy Ydl m;%" msÿre iy fjk;a Èrdm;a jk ffcj fldgia oud mqrjd .kak' ødjKh ,nd .ekSug Ndckfha

fldïfmdaiaÜ

w;r bka miq fmdfydrla f,i Ndú;d l< yel'

fyda u;=msg mia wÕ,a 14 l ;Ügqjla" Ndckfha b;sß fldgi wÕ,a 4 l

f.du iy .evú,a mKqjka

jQ miq l,jï lsÍu wjYH fkdfõ' i;s 3lg miq ñY%Kfhka ÿ¾.kaOhla fkdue;s

m;=f,a lrduhla iú lrkak'

d d d d d

c,h ,Sg¾ 100 la ma,diaála ner,hla

f.du ( 5kg)

f.du ls¡.%E 5 la Wla.ia len,s 4-6 la Wla.ia len,s

ls¡.%E 10 la muK jk úúO j¾.fha Ydl m;%( .sksiSßhd" oU," l;=re uqrex.d" lmamrj,a,sh" j,a iQßhldka; u,a"

(Ydl m;% 10kg)

lemafmÜáhd" ksl" wdvf;dav" fldfydU" wr,sh" t~re" .|mdk" bms,a bms,a je,s

Ndú;h ner,fha by, ia:rhg Èklg lsysm

.fvd,a len,s

j;djla c,h biskak' yelskï c,h jEiaiSfï l%uhla Ndú;d lrkak' Èk 15 lg miq ødjKh Ndú;hg .; yels jk w;r ødjKh msg;g ,nd .ekSug m;=f,a iú lr we;s lrduh Ndú;d l< yel' .evú,a Èhrh ,Sg¾ tllg

c,h (10L)

c,h ,Sg¾ 10 la tla fldg Èhr fmdfydrla jYfhka Ndú;d l< yel' ^j¾Id ld,hl§ kï c,h ,Sg¾ 8la tl;= lrkak& c,h (10L) 58

wdrïNl ødjKh (L)

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

59

l%uh 1¡ ødjKh idod .ekSug Èk 2 lg fmr Wla.ia len,s mi u;=msgg oud ;sfnkakg yßkak' 2¡ Ydl m;% ish,a, u l=vd len,s j,g lmd .kak' 3¡ ner,hg c,h oud f.du tl;= lr .kak' 4¡ f.du iy c,h fyd|ska ñY% lrkak' 5¡ lmd.;a m;% ner,hg oukak' 6¡ Wla.ia len,s ner,hg oud fyd|ska ñY% lrkak' 7¡ fuu fmdfydr ñY%Kh iEu Èk 3 lg jrla u l,jï lrkak' 8¡ fuu Èhr fmdfydr Èk 21 lg miq Ndú;hg .; yel'

Ndú;h Èhr fmdfydr ñY%Kfha ,Sgrhlg c,h ,Sg¾ 6 la Èk 3 lg jrla l,jï lrkak¡

tlafldg i;shlg j;djla j.djg bish yel'

h z

f

5.

ldnksl

m<sfndaO md,kh c,h (6L) 08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

wdrïNl ødjKh (1L) mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

ldnksl j.dj wdrïNfldg jir 1 1$2l muK ld,hlg miqj m<sfndaO md,kh i|yd wmf.a ueÈy;aùu wjYH fkdfõ' ukao" ydkslr lDóka úkdY lsÍu i|yd ys;lr lDóka wmf.a j.djg meñfKk neúks' WÞyrK( f.d¿fn,a,ka úkdY lssÍug weál=l=,d o b,a ueiaika úkdY lssÍu i|yd n;a l+rdo meñfKk neúks' ;jo fi!LHhg wys;lr úI iys; lDñkdYl Ndú;d fkdfldg ñ;=re lDñka meñfKk;=re foaYSh Tiq j¾." l=¿nvq j¾. fhdod ilialr.; yels m<sfndaOkdYl ilia lr.kakd wdldrh my; i|yka lr we;' tfiau" iuyr lDñ úl¾Il fnda. m%Odk fnda.h iuÕ j.d lsÍfuka m<sfndaO ydks j,lajd.; yelsh' WÞ( ñßia fnda.h iuÕ fld;a;u,a,s

5'2 fldfydU weg Ndõ;h

me, lsysmhla j.dlsÍu" jïngq iuÕ wuq bÕ=re j.dlsÍu'

fyd|ska msßisÿ lrk ,o fldfydU weg .%Eï 40-50 l m%udKhla f.k msálr .kak' c,h ,Sgrhla tl;=fldg fyd|ska ñY% lrkak' fuu ñY%Kh ueá n÷klg oud frÈ lene,a,lska wdjrKh fldg w÷re ia:dkhl meh 12-24 la w;r ld,hla ;nkak¡ ñY%Kh fyd|ska fmrd f.k thg inka Èhr tla lrkak' úh<s ikaOHd ld,hl fuu

5'1 iajdNdúl m<sfndaO úl¾Yl Ydl isgqùu

ñY%Kh Tnf.a j.d N+ñhg biskak¡ m;%%" u,a%" M, wd§ Ydlfha ndysr fldgia j,g ydkslrk lDóka fuu.ska úkdY lrkq ,nk w;r mig fyda Ydlhg fuhska wys;lr n,mEï lsis;a we;sfkdfõ'

iuyr Ydl j, iqj| fyda rih lDóka úl¾IKh lrhs' neis,a^;,d& Ydlfha m;%" fld;a;u,a,s" W¿ Ωyd,a" udÿre" ñkaÑ iy meÕsß l=,fha Ydl m<sfndaOlhska úl¾IKh fhdod .; yels m%dfhda.sl Wml%uhka h'

5'3 fldfydU fld< idrh Ndõ;h ueá n÷klg fldfydU fld< ls¡.%E 1 - 2 la muK oud c,h iuÕ fyd|ska ñY% lrkak' ñY%Kh Èk 3la w÷re ia:dkhl ;sfnkakg yßkak' fmrd.;a ñY%Khg inka Èhr tlalr wjYH mßÈ j.d N+ñhg biskak' Ydlfha ndysr fldgia j,g ydkslrk lDóka fuu.ska úkdY lrkq ,nk w;r ueiaika" uelalka iy lerfmd;a;ka j.d N+ñhg we;=¿ ùuo j<lajhs'

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

63

5'4 fldfydU + l=re÷ + iqÿ¿EKq ñY%Kh fldfydU f;,a f;a ye|s 1 la" l=re÷ f;,a f;a ye|s 1 la" inka l=vq f;a ye|s nd.hla" isyskaj wUrd.;a iqÿ¿EKq ìla 5-6 la j;=r ,Sgr 2lg ñY% lrkak' iqÿ¿EKq len,s bj;a fldg ñY%Kh fmrd .;a miq thg

5'6 lDñ W.=,a wjYH øjH d

ly meye;s fmd,s;Ska ^ os,sfik ly meyeh lDóka wdl¾IKh lrhs &

d d d

,S len,s ^wÕ,a 1x 1& .%Sia ,dïmqjla

inka Èhr tla fldg wjYH mßÈ j.djg biSu l< yel'

5'5 N+ñf;,a + l=re÷ + iqÿ¿EKq ñY%Kh

^msá ul=kd u¾Okhg&

.%Sia iqÿ¿EKq .%Eï 250 la iy l=re÷ fld< .%Eï 250 - 350 la w;r m%udKhla uo jYfhka ;,df.k c,h ,Sg¾ 1 la iuÕ ñY%lr meh 24 la ;sfnkakg yßkak'

ly meye;s fmd,s;Ska

nd¾ inka 1 $ 4la c,h ,Sgrhlg tl;= lr fyd|ska ñY%fldg thg

,dïmqj

N+ñf;,a ñY%Khg tla lrkak' by< l%shdldÍ;ajhlska hq;a fuu ødjKfhka f;a ye|s 2 la f.k c,h ,Sg¾ 1 la iuÕ ñY%lr

,S rduqj

;kql lsÍfuka wk;=re j wjYH mßÈ j.d N+ñhg biskak' j;=r ldnksl fmdfydr iy fjk;a iajdNdúl Wml%u Ndú;d lSÍfuka ridhksl fmdfydr Ndú;h wju lr .; yel'

l%uh 1¡ mdo 4 lska hq;a fmÜá rduqjla fyda ,S M,l wdOdrlhla ;kd .kak' 2¡ fmÜáh ly meye;s fmd,s;Ska j,ska wdjrKh lrkak' 3¡ ly meye;s fmd,s;Skfha msg; .%Sia wdf,am lrkak' 4¡ fuu wdlD;sh Tnf.a j.d N+ñfha uOHfha ;nkak' wjYH kï fuu fmÜáfha m%fõYï iys; ,dïmqjla fyda ,ka;Ereula ;eìh yel' 64

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

65

z 08

6.

f.j;a; kv;a;= lsÍu

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

u

n

a mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

6'1 c, l<ukdlrKh f.j;a;la kv;a;= lsÍu w.kd m%;sM, ,ndfok úfkdaodxYhla jk w;r ji úfika f;dr ksjig wjYH T!IO j¾." t<jΩ¿ yd m,;=re j¾. ,nd .; yels" wd¾Óluh

6'2 f.j;= j.dfõ oS c, kdia;sh j<lajd .ekSu d

oehs wOHhkh lrkak¡ta ta Ydlhkag wjYH c, m%udK

jYfhka ,dnodhS l%shdjls'

meyeÈ<s f,i fjkia úh yel' iudk c, wjYH;d we;s Ydl tlu ia:dkhl j.d l< yel'

Ydl j¾Okh i|yd Èkm;d c,h tla lsÍu wjYH fõ' kshñ; m%udKhg muKla c,h yd fmdfydr tla l< hq;= w;r wjYH m%udKhg jvd c,h yd fmdfydr tla

tA tA Ydlhkag fldmuK c, m%udKhla wjYH jkafka

d

R;= ld,.=Khg wkqj c,h tla lsÍfï fjkilaa l< yel' YS% ,xldfõ

lsÍfuka Ydlhg ydks isÿ fõ' wêl f,i c,h tla lsÍfuka Ydlhg ydks isÿ jkjd

ld,.=Khg fyd|ska u .e,fmk Ydl j.d lsÍug j. n,d .; hq;=h' túg

fuka u jákd c, iïm; wmf;a hdu o isÿ fõ'

tAjd /l n,d .ekSug úYd, uykaishla .;hq;= fkdfõ'

d

c,h Ydlfha uq, fldgig tla lrkak¡ c,h Wrd .kq ,nkafka uq, fldgisks' Èkm;d jqj o c, iaj,amhla muKla tla lsÍu Ydlhg m%udKj;a fkdfõ' Ydlfha j¾Okh isÿ≥ùug kï mi c,h Wrd .; hq;=h' b|ysg fyda mi ;=,g fyd|ska ld jefok fia c,h tla lsÍu jvd fyd|h'

d

c,h wmf;a hdu j<lajd .ekSug l=vd lEka tlla fyda wvq mSvk fydaia tlla Ndú;d lrkak'

d

jdIamSlrKfhka isÿ jk c, ydksh wju lr .ekSug Wfoa 8 g fmr;a iji 4ka miqj;a j.djg c,h tla lrkak'

d

mfia jeä m%udKhla c,h r|jd .ekSug ksjfia bj;<k wmøjH" ;Kfld, lemSfuka b;sßjk fldgiaa" Ydl m;% wmøjH fldgia j,ska iE¥ fldïfmdaiaÜ mig tla lrkak' fuu.ska mfia c,h r|jd .ekSfï yelshdj jeäfõ'

d

fnda.hg tla lrk fmdfydr iy c,h ld¾hËu f,i fnda.h úiska Wrd .ekSug kï tA wjg j,a me,Eá md,kh isÿ l< hq;= h'

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

69

6'3 f.j;= w,xlrKh úis;=re f.j;= j.dj

úis;=re meyehkaf.ka iy yevhkaf.ka hq;a m;% iys; t<j¿" m,;=re" l=¿nvq j¾. iy T!Iëh me<Eá j¾. wd¾:sluh yd fmdaIŒh jYfhka m%fhdackj;a jk w;r" tajd f.j;a;g tla lrkafka o w,xldrhls' úis;=re m;%" u,a" m, iy lr,a iys; Ydl j¾. fndfydauhla we;' WodyrKhla f,i ;o iy ,d fld<meyeh" r;= meyeh iy ly meyehkaf.ka hq;a uql=Kqjekak isgqúh yel' tfuka u" ;ïm,d j¾." l=re÷" wifudao.ï" bÕ=re" je,aó iy wfkl=;a T!IO me<Eá j¾." yd;djdßh" lmamrj,a,sh" ksú;s" ,Slaia j¾." f.dajd iy i,do fld< j¾. wdÈh wdydr i|yd fuka u f.j;a; w,xlrKh lsÍu i|yd o isgqúh yel' fuh b;du;a ;Dma;slr fuka u m%fhdackj;a ld¾hhla o fõ'

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

6'4 ksjdidY%s; Whka we;s lsÍfuka ffcj úúO;aj ixrËKh m%j¾Okh lsÍu 6'4'1 iuk, Whkla ks¾udKh lsÍu

u,ameKs iys; Ydl yd Odrl Ydl my; j.=fõ oelafõ¡ Tnf.a iuk, WoHdkhg .e,fmk Ydl fuu j.=fjka f;dard .kak¡ cSj úoHd;aul kduh 01 02 03

i;a;aj rdcOdksfha lDñ i;=ka w;ßka b;du;a iqkaor

04

iy wdl¾IŒhu fldÜGdYh iuk,hska fõ' ksjdi

05

yd uxudj;a bÈlsÍu" j.dlsÍu iy le<E t<sfmfy<s

06

lsÍu wd§ udkj l%shdldrlï fya;=fjka iuk,hskaf.a jdiia:dk úkdY ù we;' iuk, WoHdkhla ks¾udKh

07 08 09

lsÍu iuk,hska f.j;a;g f.kajd .ekSfï myiq u

10

l%uhhs' tmuKla fkdj fuu.ska Tng tu iqkaor cSùka

11

ixrlaIKh lsÍfï ld¾hhg o il%Shj odhl úh yel'

12 13

iuk,hska wdl¾IKh jk tA tA Ydl j¾. f.j;af;a isgq ùfuka f.j;a;g meñfKk iuk,hskaf.a úúO;ajhla o we;slr .; yel'

mshjr 01

14 15 16 17 18

Tnf.a m%foaYhg meñfKk iuk,hska l=ukdldr oehs y÷kd .kak'

19

fuh Tnf.a iuk, WoHdkh ks¾udKh lsÍfï § isgqúh hq;= u,a meKs

20

iys; Ydl iy Odrl Ydl y÷kd .ekSug bjy,a fõ' -

mshjr 02

-

Tnf.a m%foaYhg meñfKk iuk,hska l=ukdldr oehs y÷kd

21 22 23 24 25

.ekSfuka miq iuk, WoHdkhg iqÿiq ìï lvla m%fõYfuka

27

f;dard .; hq;= h' iuk¨ka m%sh lrkafka ysre t<sh fyd|ska jefgkd ia:dkhka h' tu ksid wfkla ia:dk j,g jvd fyd|ska ysre t<sh jefgk ;rula fijk iys; ia:dkhla

27

WoHdk N+ñh f,i f;dard .kak'

mshjr 03 Tnf.a WoHdkh i|yd wjYH jk Ydl m%fõYfuka f;dard .kak' iuk,hskaf.a cSjk pl%h iïmQ¾K lsÍug Tjqkg foj¾.hl Ydl

28 29 30 31 32 33

Dredge solubilise Calotropis gigantean Aistolochia indica Abrus precatorius Aegle marmelos Annona muricata Flacoutia Indica Bamboo Nerium oleander Asclepia curassavica Palm (Red Palm) Palm (cane Palm)

Bryophyllum calycinum Cassia fistula Mangifera indica Litsea glutinosa Crataeva religiosa Flacourtia indica Ixora sp. (Red yellow) Ixora coccinea Limonia acidissima Citrus Limon Murraya koenigii Sesbania grandiflora Cassia didymobotrya Cassia tora Mussaenda Cassia momosoides Passiflora foetida Cycass spp Cycass spp Ficus hispida Cinnamomum zeylanicum

isxy, kduh

wÕ=K jrd imai| U,s| je,a fn,s lgq wfkdaod je,s wfkdaod ng lfkare lka l=U, r;= mdï .ia mdï .ia wlalmdk weye, wU fndaUq ¨Kq jrK W.=/iai udox r;au,a Èjq,a foys $ fodvï$ f,uka lrmsxpd l;=re uqrex.d we;af;dar me‚ f;dar uqiajekak f;dar oe,angq uvq uvq fldg lsUq, l=re÷

wjYH fõ' fndfydauhla jeäysá iuk,hska fmdaIKh jkafka u,ameKs j,sks' Odrl Ydl fyda lSg wdydr m%Njhka iuk,hska È.= l,la WoHdkfha r|jd ;nd.ekSug WmldÍ fõ' wdydr ,nd .kakd Ydl fyj;a Odrl Ydl u; iuk, lSghska hefmk ksid tajd WoHdkfha ;sîu wjYH fõ' 08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

iuk, Whfka isgqúh yels meKs iys; Ydl j¾. j, úoHd;aul iy jHjydr kduhka'

cSj úoHd;aul kduh 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11

isxy, kduh

Stachytarpheta n¨kl=g Walidda antidysenterica boao Heliotropium indicm we;afyd~ Elephantopus scaber we;a wä Catharanthus roseus ñkSu,a Zinnia iSkshdia Duranta repens Pentas lanceolata Tagetes patula oyia fm;s Murraya peniculata Clerodendrum mskak infortunatum

mshjr 04 u,ame‚ iys; iy Odrl Ydl j.=j fyd|ska wOHhkh fldg" Tnf.a WoHdkg jvd;a iqÿiq Ydl j¾. ;SrKh lrkak' tA i|yd o< ie,eiaula w|skak' by; j.=fõ oelafjk Ydl j¾. Ndú;fhka ks¾udKh lrk ,o my; WodyrKh fï i|yd Tng WmldÍ lr .; yel' tlu iuk, WoHdkhla ;=, úúOdldr Odrl Ydlhka ;sìh yel' m<sfndaOkdYl iuk,hskag b;d wys;lr f,i n,mdhs' wfkl=;a lDóka u¾okhg Ndú;d lrk ridhksl øjH ksid iuk,hska úkdY ùug o bv we;' tu ksid m<sfndaO kdYl biSfuka j<lskak' Tnf.a WoHdkfha Ydl úúO;ajh wêl kï m<sfndaO kdYl biSfï wjYH;djhla mek k.skafka ke;'

74

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

s fnda . Ôjk pl%

h 08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

r

wiajkq fk<d .; yels ld, mrdih

Ydl úfYaIh $ l=,h

h, lkakh

uy lkakh

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb fid,fkaisfha l=,h

ySka ñßia

Èk 150

ñßia

Èk 150

fldÉÑ

Èk 150

;lald,s

Èk 135

jïngq

Èk 130-140

t<ngq Solanum melongena

Èk 130-140

rks, l=,h

fndaxÑ

Èk 90

Phaseolus vulgaris

uE lr,a

Èk 90

Vigna unguiculata

oU,$lsß oU,

Èk 90-120

Psophocarpus tetragonolobus

Alanga

Èk 90

Phaseolus vulgaris

lõms

Èk 90

Vignaunguiculata unguiculata

uqx weg

Èk 75

Vigna radiate

rg lcq

Èk 110

Arachis hypogaea

fldl=ìfÜis l=,h

,nq

Èk 120-150

Lagenaria siceraria

jÜglald

Èk 120-150

Cucurbita maxima

mqyq,a

Èk 120-135

Benincasa hispida

jegfldΩ¿

Èk 120

Luffa acutangula

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

Ydl úfYaIh $ l=,h

wiajkq fk<d .; yels ld, mrdih

h, lkakh

uy lkakh

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb wurkaf;ais l=,h

;ïm,d

Èk 25-30

Amaranthus oleraceus

uql=Kqjekaak Ydl úfYaIh $ l=,h

wiajkq fk<d .; yels ld, mrdih

h, lkakh

uy lkakh

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb fldl=ìfÜis l=,h

lelsß

Èk 120

Cucumis melo

msms[aØ mf;da,

.%eñfkais$.%eñfka$fmdis l=,h

bo,a bßÕ= f.dgqfld, lerÜ

Èk 90

iskacsnrdis l=,h

bÕ=re Èk 120-150

Brassica oleracea

Èk 100

Zingiber officinale

ly

w;=f.dajd

Èk 120-150

Curcuma longa

u,a f.dajd

Èk 100

hqfmdaìfhais l=,h

Brassica oleracea Botrytis cultivar group

u[af[dlald

jirla

Manihot esculenta

Èk 60

Raphanus sativus

Èk 60

fpkfmdfâis l=,h

ksú;s

jirla

Daucus carota

n%isflais l=,h

fkdaflda,a

Èk 25-30

Centella asiatica

Abelmoschus esculentus

rdnq

Èk 115

Zeamays indentata

wmsfhais l=,h

Èk 100

u,afõis l=,h

f.dajd

jirla

Murraya koenigii

Èk 100

Momordica charantia

nKavlald

lrmsxpd

nv bßÕ=

Cucumis sativus

lrú,

refÜis l=,h

Èk 130

Cucumis sativus

jirla

Alternanthera sessilis

trjQis$wefrdais l=,h

fldys,

jir 5

Lasia spinosa

lsß w,

jir 8 - 10

Èk 30-50

Spinacea oleracea

fldïfmdisfÜ$weiagrdfia l=,h

i,do fld,

Èk 20-30

Lactuca sativa

,eñfhaia l=,h

ñkaÑ

jirla

Mentha spicata

78

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

09

Ydl úfYaIh $ l=,h

wiajkq fk<d .; yels ld, mrdih

h, lkakh

uy lkakh

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb lefkais l=,h

nq;airK

udi 6-8

Canna indica

weiagrdis l=,h

w, iQßhldka;

udi 6-8

Cynara scolymus

Aralontha

udi 6-8

whsfidais l=,h idrK

Èk 20

Trianthema portula

f.|

Èk 20

fldkaj,afõis l=,h

lxl=x

Èk 180

Ipomoea aquatica

uql=Kqjekak

jirla

Alternanthera sessilis

wekldfâis l=,h

weU/,a,

Èk 180

Spondias cytherea

leßflais l=,h

.ia,nq

jir 3

Carica papaya

ñhqidis l=,h

flfi,a

Èk 330

Musa Cultivars

we,shqï l=,fha Ydl

kSrd ,Slaia

Èk 180

Lasia spinosa

08

r;= Ω ¿EKq

Èk 105

j÷re uE

udi 4-5

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;

81

lDIsld¾ñl lafIa;%fhka uQ,sl w;aoelSï ,nd.;a ir;apkaø m%kdkaÿ" mdßißl .%dóh kdhl;ajh" i;a;aj md,kh iy m%cd wOHdmkh wdÈ lafIa;% .Kkdjl u úia;D; mqyqKqjla ,nd we;s w;r" tu jákd w;aoelSï iy oekqï iïNdrh iudc ixj¾Ok l%shdldrlï i|yd fhoùug lem lf<ah' lDIsl¾udka;fha fhfok ck;dj iuÕ iDcq in|;d mj;ajñka Y%S ,xldfõ úúO m<d;aj, Wmfhda.S lr.kakd úúO jQ lDIsld¾ñl l%shdldrlï ms<sn| j iqúfYaIS oekqula ,nd .ekSug Tyqg yels úh' tu.ska Tyq ,nd.;a w;aoelSï iïNdrh iy ksje/È lDIsld¾ñl ms<sfj;a ms<sn| úia;r fuu fmdf;ys wka;¾.; lr we;' l;=jrhd 2013 j¾Ifha isg ä,aud ixrlaIK ;sridr lDIsld¾ñl m¾fhaIK uOHia:dkfha ^DCSARC& lDIsld¾ñl ;dlaIK WmfoaYljrfhl= f,i lghq;= lrñka isákafkah'

iudc i;aldr lghq;= Wfoid msysgqjkq ,enQ MJF mqKHdOdr mokug mßir ixrlaIK l%shdldrlï we;=<;a lrkq jia ä,aud wdh;kh úiska 2007 jif¾§ ä,aud ixrlaIK wdh;kh ia:dms; lrk ,§' úúO rdcH iy rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk iuÕ tla j lghq;= lrñka" ;sridr mßir ixrlaIKhla Wfoid lemfjk ä,aud ixrlaIK wdh;kh u.ska isÿ lrkq ,nk iEu l%shdldrlulska u ä,aud wdh;kfha ks¾ud;D fuß,a fþ' m%kdkaÿ ue;s;=ukaf.a m%;s{dj jk —jHdmdrhla hkq ck;d fufyjrls˜ hkak fudkjg ms<sìUq fõ' jeä úia;r i|yd wmf.a fjí wvúhg msúfikak'

www.dilmahconservation.org 77542 00L

ISBN 978-955-0081-21-9

9 789550 081219

08

mßir ys;ldó ldnksl f.j;= j.d w;afmd;