Urban Contextualism Digital Presentation

URBAN CONTEXTUALISM: CAN THE EXISTING SITE BE USED AS A MECHANISM TO GENERATE A NEW SPATIAL CONDITION?

NORTH FACADE

WHY HAS THE RELATION BETWEEN ARCHITECTURE AND CONTEXT BEEN SO ANTAGONISTIC?

NORTH FACADE

ECONOMICAL

ENVIRONMENTAL

SITE

POLITICAL

BEHAVIOURAL

SOCIAL

HISTORICAL

CULTURAL CONTEXT BUBBLE

Architecture: Commodity, Firmness, and Delight

Hirarchy is formed between Architecture and Context

Architecture is oppressing Context

Context: Healthy Site suitable as a Platform

Vitruvius’s De Architectura (10 Books on Architecture)

PRE-HISTORIC

GREEK

ROMAN

MEDIEVAL / GOTHIC

TRUTH

ORDER

ISOLATION

SYMBOLISM

RENAISSANCE / BAROQUE

MODERNISM

POST-MODERNISM

CONTEMPORARY

ABSTRACTION

RULES

DECONSTRUCT

NARRATIVE

ARCHITECTURE MOVING AWAY FROM CONTEXT

Le Corbusier: Towards a New Architecture, 1923

Rem Koolhaas: “Bigness or the Problem of Large” 1995

Pier Vittorio Aureli: The Possibility of an Absolute Architecture, 2011

ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURE

CONTEXT

“A building is like a soap-bubble. This is perfect and harmonious if the breath has been evenly distributed and regulated from the inside. The exterior is the result of an interior.”

CONTEXT

“Fuck Context” & “Architecture through its independence from context … does not take its inspiration from givens too often squeezed for the last drop of meaning but instead its own raison d’etre.”

CONTEXT

“Absolute Architecture. The very condition of architectural form is to separate and be separated.”

BIGNESS IN PHYSICAL CONTEXT

1. PILOTIS SEPARATE ARCHITECTURE FROM THE LANDSCAPE

2. OPEN PLAN NON-CONTEXTUAL FLOOR

BIGNESS IN SYSTEMATIC CONTEXT

3. FREE FACADE SEPARATE OUTDOOR TO INDOOR

4. HORIZONTAL WINDOW INCONSIDERATE SURROUNDINGS

5. ROOFTOP LANDSCAPE NON-CONTEXTUAL VEGETATION

‘FIVE POINTS OF ARCHITECTURE’ LE CORBUSIER’S RULE OVER CONTEXT

BIGNESS IN SOCIAL CONTEXT

‘BIGNESS’ KOOLHAAS CAN CREATE HIS OWN CONTEXT

‘A SIMPLE HEART’ AURELI’S CITY IS SEGREGATED FROM THE CONTEXT

LE CORBUSIER

REM KOOLHAAS

PIER VITTORIO AURELI

ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURE

CONTEXT

CONTEXT

CONTEXT

ISOLATION WAS NECESSARY TO PROPEL ARCHITECTURE FORWARD

NEWCASTLE BYKER WALL

KUNSTAUS

FORMAL REPRESENTATION AS CONTEXUALISM INCREASING ANTAGONISTIC RELATION BETWEEN ARCHITECTURE AND CONTEXT

Le Corbusier’s bubble conundrum The bubble has a short lifespan. Even when floating in space, it is subject to several external deformative forces.

Eventually, the bubble encounters an object and bursts.

For the bubble, an encounter with a deformation by the context is inevitable.

Rem Koolhaas’s “Fundamentals” “Fundamentals”, theme of the 2014 Venice Architectural Biennial, tackles the current “process of the erasure of national characterises in favour for the almost universal adoption of a single modern language in a single repertoire of typologies.”

CONTEXT IN OTHER PROFESSIONS

JOSHUA REYNOLDS

PABLO PICASSO

PAINTER

ASGER JORN

FLIEGENDE BLATTER

WILLIAM GILPIN

HORST DE LA CROIX JAMES S. AKERMAN

FUNCTIONALIST

LEOPOLD EIDLITZ

STAN ALLEN ANTHONY VIDLER

REM KOOLHAAS

JOHN MCHALE

ECO-ARCHI

IAN MCHARG

MARC-ANTONIE LAUGIER

NEO-CLASSICAL

VITRUVIUS

ROMAN

JOHN MACARTHUR

KENNETH FRAMPTON VAL WARKE COLIN ROWE ALEX TZONIS & LIANE LEFAIVRE CIAM STEWARD COHEN & STEVEN HURTT ROBERT E. SOMOL MARK WIGLEY EMIL KAUFMANN JEFFREY KIPNIS PETER EISENMAN

CONTEXTUALISM

LEON BATTISTA ALBERTI

PICTURESQUE

NIKOLAUS PEVSNER

AUGUSTE CHOISY

PARAMETRIC GEORGE HERSEY RUDOLF WITTKOWER

ART

HENRY R. HITCHCOCK

GREG LYNN

& RICHARD FREEDMAN

& PHILIP JOHNSON & DENISE SCOTT BROWN

ROBERT VENTURI

PIER VITTORIO AURELI

MODERNISM POST-MODERN

CONTEMPORARY

GIULIO CARLO ARGAN

GREG LYNN ATELIER BOW-WOW OMA ARM SMAQ DANIEL LIBESKIND KENGO KUMA ZAHA HADID FRANK GEHRY PETER EISENMAN CODA

FRANCESCO DI GIORGIO MARTINI

RENAISSANCE

ANDREA PALLADIO

NORMAN FOSTER RICHARD ROGERS PETER COOK & COLIN FOURNIER JAMES STIRLING

LE CORBUSIER

MODERNISM

VAN DEN BROEK & BAKEMA MATHERS & HALDENBY

NEW BRUTALISM

JOHN CARL WARNEKE ALISON & PETER SMITHSON

GERMAIN BOFFRAND

JACQUES MOLINOS

ITALIAN RETREAT FROM MODERNISM

ALDO ROSSI ERNESTO N. ROGERS BITTORIO GREGOTTI BBPR MARCO FRASCARI MASSIMO SCOLARI

CLAUDE NICOLAS LEDOUX

FRENCH NEO-CLASSICAL SURVEYOR

DEVELOPER

USSR

JOHN RANDEL JR.

NAKHEEL

SERGEI EISENTEIN LEV KULESHOV

SCIENCE SOCIOLOGY

THE WHITE HOUSE CHATEAU DE RASTIGNAC

OBJECTS

VSEVOLOD PUDOVKIN

STATUE OF LIBERTY

EDAR RUBIN

KURT KOFFKA

PHILOSOPHY

MARCUS AURELIUS

PIERRE BOAISTUAU

FRANCIS BACON

IMMANUEL KANT

KARL ROSENKRAZ

ESSAYIST

MICHEL DE CERTEAU

PAUL RICOEUR EDMOND WRIGHT

ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER SIR WILLIAM TEMPLE

J. J. GIBSON

PHYCOLOGIST KURRT LEWIN

PLATO

USA

MARK COUSINS

PETER R. BANHAM

SIR UVEDALE PRICE

UMBERTO ECO

GEOGRAPHY

DENIS COSGROVE ROMAN JAKOBSON

LINGUIST

NOAM CHOMSKY ADRIAN FORTY

HISTORIAN

ECOLOGY JAKOB VON UESKULL CHARLES DARWIN

D ’ARCY THOMPSON

ANTHROPOLOGY

TIM INGOLD

GREGORY BATESON CARL BERGMANN

JOSEPH GRINNELL WILLIAM BATESON

GEORGES-LOUIS LECLERIC, COMTE DE BUFFON CARL LINNAEUS

NATURALIST

1400s

1500s RENAISSANCE

1600s BAROQUE

1700s NEO-CLASSIC

BIOLOGIST JEAN BAPTISTE LAMARCK

JOEL A. ALLEN

BC

RICHARD GOLDSCHMIDT

1800s ROMANTISM

ZOOLOGY

1900s MODERNISM

G. EVELYN HUTCHINSON

2000s POST MODERNISM

Rem Koolhaas

Noam Chomsky

Venturi & Brown

Peter Eisenman

James Deetz

Tim Ingold

J. J. Gibson

Pier Vittorio Aureli

Francesco de Marchi

Marcus Aurelius

Jacques Molinos

Edmond Wright

Picasso

D’Arcy Thompson

The White House

Le Corbusier

New Brutalism

Italian Retreat

Colin Rowe

Nikolaus Pevsner

Lev Kuleshov

International Style

Laugier

Alberti

Claude Nicolas Ledoux

Kenneth Frampton

Carl Bergmann

Jakob von Uexkull

CONTEXT NEGLECTION

MONUMENTALISM

CONTEXT DECOMPOSE

FORMAL REPRESENTATION

CONTEXUTAL RESPONSE

PERFORMATIVE

GENERATIVE

REM KOOLHAAS’S ‘FUCK CONTEXT’

GREGORY BATESON’S NO MEANING WITHOUT CONTEXT

Rem Koolhaas

Noam Chomsky

Venturi & Brown

Peter Eisenman

James Deetz

Tim Ingold

J. J. Gibson

Pier Vittorio Aureli

Francesco de Marchi

Marcus Aurelius

Jacques Molinos

Edmond Wright

Picasso

D’Arcy Thompson

The White House

Le Corbusier

New Brutalism

Italian Retreat

Colin Rowe

Nikolaus Pevsner

Lev Kuleshov

International Style

Laugier

Alberti

Claude Nicolas Ledoux

Kenneth Frampton

Carl Bergmann

Jakob von Uexkull

CONTEXT NEGLECTION

MONUMENTALISM

CONTEXT DECOMPOSE

FORMAL REPRESENTATION

CONTEXUTAL RESPONSE

PERFORMATIVE

GENERATIVE

ARCHITECTURE

Architects Artists Scientists Sociologists

ART & SCIENCE & SOCIOLOGY

Rem Koolhaas

Noam Chomsky

Venturi & Brown

Peter Eisenman

James Deetz

Tim Ingold

J. J. Gibson

Pier Vittorio Aureli

Francesco de Marchi

Marcus Aurelius

Jacques Molinos

Edmond Wright

Picasso

D’Arcy Thompson

The White House

Le Corbusier

New Brutalism

Italian Retreat

Colin Rowe

Nikolaus Pevsner

Lev Kuleshov

International Style

Laugier

Alberti

Claude Nicolas Ledoux

Kenneth Frampton

Carl Bergmann

Jakob von Uexkull

CONTEXT NEGLECTION

MONUMENTALISM

CONTEXT DECOMPOSE

FORMAL REPRESENTATION

CONTEXUTAL RESPONSE

PERFORMATIVE

GENERATIVE

ARCHITECTURE

Architects Artists Scientists Sociologists

ART & SCIENCE & SOCIOLOGY

JAKOB VON UEXKULL

D’ARCY THOMPSON

LEV KULESHOV

J. J. GIBSON

NIKOLAUS PEVSNER

[UMWELT]

[ON GROWTH AND FORM]

[KULESHOV EFFECT]

[AFFORDANCE]

[FUNCTIONAL PICTURESQUE]

ON: ABSTRACT CONTEXT

SKY

SKY

EARTH

EARTH

SKY

SKY

EARTH

EARTH

IN: REALITY CONTEXT

TIM INGOLD’S SUMMARY

Tim Ingold, Being Alive: Essays on Movement, Knowledge and Description (New York: Routledge, 2011).

URBAN AMENITIES’ BEHAVIOURAL ANALYSIS

AMENITIY AND ARCHITECTURE

BEHAVIOURAL ARCHITECTURE

AMENITY ON ARCHITECTURE

ATTRACTING NODE: COFFEE CART, KIOSK, URBAN FURNITURE

THRESHOLD: BUS STOP, BIKE PARKING

ACTIVE: WATER FOUNTAIN, PLAYGROUND

REPELLING DEVICE: RUBBISH BIN

MANIPUALTE CIRCULATION: LIGHT POLE

PIT STOP: PUBLIC TOILET

BEHAVIOURAL MANIPULATION

KANGAN INSTITUTE UPGRADE:

KELSO ST

Kangan Institute, Cremorne Campus KANGAN INSTITUT E GWYNNE

ST

CUBITT S T

T

DOVER S

NE ST

CREMOR

AD

PUNT RO

GOSCHS PADDOCK

Kangan Institute, Existing Condition

Urban Contextualism - Cover

Urban Contextualism - Ground Plane

Urban Contextualism - Secondary plane

4 3

WORKSHOP

4 2

2

LIBRARY

1

ENCLOSED AMPHITHEATRE

3 1

Urban Contextualism - Programs

FABRICATION LAB

JAKOB VON UEXKULL

D’ARCY THOMPSON

LEV KULESHOV

J. J. GIBSON

NIKOLAUS PEVSNER

[UMWELT]

[ON GROWTH AND FORM]

[KULESHOV EFFECT]

[AFFORDANCE]

[FUNCTIONAL PICTURESQUE]

HABITAT’S EFFECT IN FISH’S EVOLUTION

APARTMENT HABITAT

CONTEXT

Argyopelecus Olifersi Silver Hatchetfish

Sternoptyx Diaphana Oblique Hatchet-fish

FLOORPLATE: INFRASTRUCTURE

Scarus sp Parrotfish DEFORMATION: CONTEXTUALISM

Sternoptyx Diaphana Sixband Angelfish

D’ARCY THOMPSON’S ADAPTATION

APARTMENT: EVOLUTION

D’ARCY THOMPSON’S ADAPTATION

RICH INFORMATION IS GENERATED BY EDITING

SPACE IN BETWEEN PROGRAM IS MONTAGE

ON

OFFICE

E TAG

MO NT A

M

GE

MONTAGE

HUNGER

HYBRIDISATION IS CONTEXTUALISM

SADNESS

MARKET

RESIDENTIAL

LANDSCAPE

LUST RESIDENTIAL

MO

NTAGE

LEISURE

LEV KULESHOV’S KULESHOV EFFECT

MARKTHAL ROTTERDAM

MONTAGE

RESIDENTIAL

MORIYAMA HOUSE

LEV KULESHOV’S KULESHOV EFFECT

SAME PHYSICAL WORLD, DIFFERENT PERCEPTION

RESIDENTIAL HOUSE’S UMWELTS

RE-CONTEXTUALISE COURT HOUSE

JU

DG

office cubicles

attached rooms

RY

JU

E

RT U O

C

LL

high wall

CE

RESIDENTIAL HOUSE enclosure

CONVENTIONAL THE REAL ENVIRONMENT

CHILD’S UMWELT

PARENT’S UMWELT

DOG’S UMWELT separate buildings

JU

JU

D

D

Y UR

porous view

J

CO

T UR

low wall

open

BEE’S UMWELT

JAKOB VON UEXKULL’S UMWELT

UMWELT HOUSE

UMWELT

D

JU

D

L

L CE

JU

JAKOB VON UEXKULL’S UMWELT

QUESTIONING FURNITURE

PRECEDENT: RAAAF’S THE END OF SITTING

J. J. GIBSON’S AFFORANCE

QUESTIONING SITTING

CHAIR

=

BEANBAG

=

IDENTITY OF HOUSE / OFFICE

AMPHITHEATRE

HOUSE’S AFFORDANCE

OFFICE’S AFFORDANCE

J. J. GIBSON’S AFFORANCE

ARCHITECTURAL PICTURESQUE

PRECEDENT: TINTERN ABBY PICTURESQUE

NIKOLAUS PEVSNER’S FUNCTIONAL PICTURESQUE

CONTRASTING IDEA OF DESIGN

PRECEDENT: CHAMP DE REPOS

FUNCTIONALISM EMBEDDED INTO PICTURESQUE

NIKOLAUS PEVSNER’S FUNCTIONAL PICTURESQUE

JAKOB VON UEXKULL

Umwelt: bees’ perception of the world is based on its purpose (behaviour) towards the world (existing condition)

D’ARCY THOMPSON

LEV KULESHOV

J. J. GIBSON

NIKOLAUS PEVSNER

On Growth and Form: the optimal-form (existing condition) of the fish is manipulated by its interaction (behaviour) with the habitat

Kuleshov Effect: series of clips (existing condition) are montaged (behaviour) to generate director’s intension

Affordance: inanimate object’s purpose is generated by the organism’s usage (behaviour) of its form (existing condition)

Functional Picturesque: agitating (behaviour) the functionalist’s idea (existing condition) generates picturesque

ATTRACTOR

HA-HA

ACTIVE

PITSTOP

BLURRING

THRESHOLD

SPATIAL CONDITION: ATTRACTOR

SPATIAL CONDITION: HA-HA

SPATIAL CONDITION: ACTIVE

SPATIAL CONDITION: PITSTOP

SPATIAL CONDITION: BLURRING BOUNDARY

SPATIAL CONDITION: THRESHOLD

SECTION: FABRICATION LAB

SECTION: CAFETERIA / LIBRARY

SECTION: ENCLOSED AMPHITHEATRE WORKSHOP

URBAN CONTEXTUALISM