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5 . p8fgdf @ jif{ eGbf d"lgsf afnaflnsfnfO{ z'Ns nfUg] 5}g eg] !@ jif{eGbf d'lgsfnfO{ ## k|ltzt 5'6sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o:t} h]i7 gful/sn] #% k|ltzt / dlxnfx?n] !) k|ltzt 5'6 kfpg] 5g\ . ofq'x?n] @% lsnf];Ddsf] sfuf{d] f klg /sd ltg{'

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Ps jif{sf] cjlwdf @) xhf/ lsnf] kft lgsfNg ;lsg] To; jfkt !) nfv ?k}ofF cfDbfgL ug{ ;lsg] / gf}+

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;f}on{ ] e}/xjf–sf7df08f+} p8fg yfNof]

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cWoog tyf sfd ug{sf nflu hfkfg hfg] ;f]r+ 5 <

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eGb} ;xdlt / ;xsfo{nfO{ c;/ ug{] s'g} klg lqmofsnfkdf ;xefuL gx'g] :k:6 kf/] .

!( uf]lnof ;Nnfsf sf7 a/fdt

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kf=lh=x' = b=g+ = )%!÷)%@

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kf=lh=k| = sf=b=g+ = !(÷)%!÷)%@

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Opinion @ Social Network xfldn] cfkm'nfO :jtGq /fVg ;Sg] xf] eg] dfq ;lx / unt 5'6\ofpg ;S5f}+ . csf{sf] aGwg df aflwP/ ljrf/ s'lG7t kfg{' eGbf hLjg e/ :jtGq /x]/ ;lx unt 5'6\ofpg' g} dfgj hLjg sf] pRrtd laGb' xf] .

-kbd u}/]sf] km];a's :6f6; www.facebook.com/gaire.padam_ of] :tDedf ;fdflhs ;+hfndf kf]i6 ul/Psf wf/0ffx? /fVg]5f}+ . o;sf nflu xfd|f] km];a's k]h www.facebook.com/shittalpati df nucg ug{ ;Sg'xg' 5] . gjhgr]tgf b}lgssf] ?kdf tkfO{;fd' cfO{/x]sf] 5 . of] klqsf cem :t/Lo clg k7gLo agfpgsf] nflu tkfO{x?sf] cd"No ;'emfjx?sf] xfdLnfO{ cToGt} h?/L 5 . kf7sj[Gb tkfO{sf ;'emfjx? lbO{ xfdLnfO{ ;xof]u ug{x' g ' xfdL cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . gjhgr]tgf b}lgs eujtL6f]n tfg;]g, kfNkf

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hfkfg z}lIfs uGtAo ljBfnodf s[lif k|fljlws lzIff s[lifnfO{ j}1flgs 9·n] ¿kfGt/0f u/L pTkfbgd"ns tyf Jofj;flos agfpg] p2]Zon] ;/sf/n] kl5Nnf] @ jif{b]lv ljBfno txaf6} s[liflzIffsf] Joj:yf ldnfPsf] 5 . s[ l if k| f ljlws pTkfbg ug{ ] nIocg'¿k ljBfno:t/d} P;Pn;L txsf] s[lif k|fljlws -h]6LP_ pTkfbg ug{ clxn] k9fO eO/x] s f] 5 . ;/sf/n] s[lif lzIffsf nflu ljBfno txdf sIff * pQL0f{ u/]sf ljBfyL{n] sIff ( / !) df lgMz'Ns s[lif lzIff -afnL lj1fg_ k9\g kfpg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

To;}u/L, ;/sf/n] xfn}sf jif{x¿df s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu s[lif ah]6df ;d]t j[l4 u/]sf] 5 . olt x'Fbf–x'Fb} klg plrt nufgL Pjd\ nufgLsf] k|ltkmn gcfPkl5 g]kfnsf] s[lifIf]q Jofj;flos geO{ u'hf/fd'vL dfq} aGb} cfPsf] 5 . oxL u'hf/fd'vL s[lifnfO{ kl/dfh{g u/L bIf hgzlQm pTkfbg tyf s[lifnfO{ j}1flgs 9·n] ljsf; ug{ ljBfno txd} s[ l if lzIffsf] cjwf/0ff ;/sf/n] NofPsf] xf] . ;/sf/n] b] z sf] k| T o] s lhNnfdf Pp6f s[lif ljBfno vf]Ng] atfP klg xfn b]zsf @# cf]6f lhNnfdf dfq s[liflzIff cWoog ug{ kfOG5 . b] z sf sfe] | k nf~rf] s , l;Gw'kfNrf]s, wflbª, ;f]nv ' D' a'nufot lhNnfdf clxn] s[liflzIffsf] cWofkg eO/fv]sf] 5 . &% cf]6} lhNnfdf o:tf ljBfno vf] N g] elgP klg ;/sf/L :t/af6 tof/L gk'Ubf Tof] sfd k"/f ePsf] 5}g . xfn k9fO eO/x]sf ljBfnox¿df klg ;/sf/n] s[ l iflzIffsf nflu kof{ K t tof/L gu/Lsg k9fO z' ¿ ul/lbF b f s[liflzIff lnO/x]sf ljBfyL cGof]ndf k/]sf 5g\ . @)^( ;fnaf6 z'¿ ePsf] s[liflzIff cWoog ul//x]sf ljBfyL{n] of] z}lIfs ;qdf klxnf]k6s s[lif k|fljlwssf] ¿kdf P;Pn;L k/LIff lbF b } 5g\ . t/, ;/sf/n] ;fwf/0f ljBfnosf] h:t} s[ l if k|fljlws cWoog ul//x]sf ljBfyL{sf] klg;Fu} k/LIff lng] ePkl5 ljBfyL{ / cleefjs dfq xf]Og, lzIfsx¿ klg k/LIffsf nflu s:tf] tof/L ug{] eGg] cGof] n df k/] s f 5g\ . ljBfyL{nfO{ clxn];Dd s[lif k|fljlws lzIffaf/] ;/sf/n] kf7\oqmd tyf ljifoj:t' ;DaGwL kof{Kt k':ts, gd"gf k|Zgf]Q/ / k|fljlws 1fg lbg] Nofjsf] ;'ljwf lbg ;s]sf] 5}g . ;fwf/0ftkm{sf ljBfyL{;Fu} k|fljlws lzIff lnO/x] s f ljBfyL{ n ] klg P;Pn;L k/LIff lbg'kg{] ePsfn] s;/L tof/L u/fpg] / s:tf] vfnsf] k|Zg

;femf s'l/o/ ;]jf olb b]z tyf ljb]zdf 8s'd0] 6 tyf kf;{n l56f] 5l/tf]sf ;fy} e/kbf]{ dfWodaf6 s'l/o/ ug{ rfxg'xG' 5 eg] xfdLnfO{ ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf . k|f]= ys{ axfb'/ aufn] du/

;femf PS;k|;] k|f=ln=

6S;f/6f] n -kfNkf cfjf;Losf] cf8} d f_ tfg;] g , kfNkf df] = (*%&)^)$!*

cfpF5 eGg]df lzIfs / ljBfyL{ b'j} cGof]ndf 5g\ . clxn] afnL lj1fg cWoog ul//x] s f ljBfyL{ n ] ;fwf/0ftkm{sf] h:t} g]kfnL, c+u| ]hL, ul0ft / lj1fg clgjfo{ ljifocGtu{t k9\g'k5{ . s'n ^ ;o k"0ff{°sf] k/LIff lbg'kg{] ljBfyL{x¿n] s[lifcGtu{t afnL lj1fg, dT:okfng, df}/Lkfngnufot s[ l if;DaGwL ;Dk" 0 f{ ljifo cWoog ug{'k5{ . t/, ;/sf/n] oL ljifosf nflu kf7\oqmd, kof{Kt k':ts / ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L pknAw gu/fpFbf ljBfyL{x¿ k/LIffsf] tof/Laf/] cndndf k/]sf x'g\ . sf7df08f}+df t/sf/L leœofpg] wflbªkl5sf] bf];|f] lhNnfdf kg{] sfe|]df s[liflzIff cWoog ug{] ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vof lgs} 5 . t/, ;/sf/n] k|rf/k|;f/ / cfjZos hfgsf/L gu/fpF b f sltkonfO{ o:tf] lzIff ljBfno txd} cWoog ug{ kfOG5 eGg] yfxf gePsf] s[ifs / ljBfyL{sf] u'gf;f] 5 . sfe|] lhNnfsf nflu s[lif cWoog ug{] Ps dfq s[lif ljBfno 6'sr ' f uflj;–& df /x]sf] >L Zj]tj/fx pRrdflj xf], hxfF @)^( ;fnaf6} s[lif cWofkg u/fOFb} cfPsf] 5 . k|fljlws ljifo ePsfn] :yfgLo dfq geO{ lhNnfsf ljleGg e"–efu Pj+ aflx/L lhNnfaf6 ;d]t ljBfyL{x¿ ToxfF cWoog ug{ hfg] u/]sf 5g\ . clxn] s[ l if k| f ljlws aGg rfxg] ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vof w]/} eP klg ef}lts ;+/rgf tyf 5fqfjf;sf] ckof{Kttf / ljifout lzIfs tyf kf7\ok':tssf] cefjsf sf/0f rfx]hlt ljBfyL{nfO{ k9fpg ;Sg] cj:yf g/x] s f] ljBfnosf k| w fgfWofks hLjg e08f/Ln] atfP . ;/sf/n] s[liflzIff lgMz'Ns u/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] xfn cfkm\ g f] ljBfnonfO{ jflif{ s @) nfvb]lv #) nfv ?k}ofF;Dd cg'bfg lbFb} cfPsf] e08f/Ln] atfP . t/, s[lif k|fljlws cWofkg u/fpg] bIf lzIfssf] cefj x' g ] tyf b/aGbLcg';f/ lzIfs pknAw gx'g] u/] s f] pgsf] u' g f;f] 5 . ef} l ts ;+/rgf, lkmN8df sfd ug{sf nflu rflxg] hUufsf] ef8f, Nofj cflb ;a} ljBfnon] g} Joj:yf ug{'kbf{ ;/sf/sf] cg'bfgs} e/df ljBfyL{nfO{ k9fpg sl7g ePsf] pgn] atfP . ptf, ;f]xL ljBfnodf cWofkg u/fO/x]sf s[lif lzIfs afnrGb| rf}nfufO{+n] ljBfno txd} s[ l if k| f ljlws pTkfbg ug{ ' ;/sf/sf] /fd|f] k|of; eP klg s'g} k"j{ tof/Lljgf g} ;~rfng ul/Fbf cGof]n ;[hgf ePsf] atfP . ;/sf/n] xfn;Dd s[lifsf kf7\ok':ts, ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L tyf Nofasf nflu cfjZos ;fdu| L pknAw gu/fpF b f ljBfno

k|sl[ t :6f];{ dvg6f] n , tfg;] g , kfNkf

xfdLsxfF M ljZjsdf{, j[h, l/nfoG;, hubDaf l;d]G6, ss{6 kftf, lsNnf, sAhf, 58, afn'jf lu§L tyf ;Dk"0f{ 3/ agfpg] ;fdfg kfpg'sf ;fy} lsrgsf ;Dk"0f{ efF8f, Knfli6s, cfnd'lgod, tfdf, sf;F, lkQn / luŠ6sf ;fdfgx? kfOG5 . @ hgf sd{rf/Lsf] cfjZos k/]sf] x'bF f OR5's gful/sn] t'–;Dks{ ug'x{ f]nf . k| f ] = k| s [ l t ah| f rfo{

;Dks{ g+= (*%&)^@@&^

km]G;L k;n laqmLdf /fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf d]/f] lgDg ljj/0f ePsf] /fxbfgL tfg;]gsf] ljzfnahf/df oxL ldlt @)&!÷)%÷!& ut]sf lbg /x]sf] km]G;L k;n ljz]if lhNnf x'nfsb] l v lzQnkf6Ltkm{ sf/0fa; laqmL ug'{ kg]{ cfpF b } ubf{ x/fPsf] x' g fn] km] n f ePsfn] OR5's kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no jf tnsf] 7]ufgfdf va/ dxfg'efjx?n] t'–;Dks{ ul/lbg'x'g cg'/f]w 5 . ug'{xf]nf . ;Dks{ g+ = (*%&)^)!$), (*$&%@$^)&

cfkm}n] kf7\ok':ts vf]h]/ jf cgnfOg ;|f]taf6 cWofkg u/fpg'k/]sf] lzIfs rf}nfufO{+sf] u'gf;f] 5 . o;f] ubf{ ljBfyL{ n ] lzIfss} e/df cWoog ug{'kg{] afWotf ePsf] pgsf] egfO 5 . To:t}, csf{ lzIfs e/tk|;fb l3ld/] s f cg' ; f/ ;fwf/0ftkm{ s f ljBfyL{;Fu} k|fljlws ljifo cWoog ul//x] s f ljBfyL{ n ] klg P;Pn;L k/LIff lbg'kg{] ePsfn] cGof]n a9]sf] atfP . ;/sf/n] clxn];Dd gd"gf k| Z gkq tyf k/LIffsf] ljlwaf/] hfgsf/L glbPsf] pgL atfpF5g\ . o;n] ubf{ k/LIffdf s:tf] k|Zg cfpF5 / s;/L ljBfyL{nfO{ tof/L agfpg] eGg] ;d:of ePsf] pgsf] u'gf;f] 5 . ljBfnodf lzIff sfof{noaf6 xfn;Dd klg cg' u dg / d" N of°gsf nflu gcfPsf] klg pgn] atfP . tna ;' l jwfsf] cefjdf s[ l if cWofkg u/fpg] lzIfsx¿ s]xL dxLgf dfq a:g] x'bF f ljBfyL{ yk df/df kg{] u/]sfn] lhNnf lzIff sfof{ n on] :yfoL b/aGbLdf lzIfs pknAw u/fpg'kg{]df pgn] hf]8 lbP . s[ l if ljBfno ;~rfng u/] s f] @ jif{ dfq eP tfklg of] ljBfnon] ;fd' b flostkm{ P;Pn;L k/LIffdf pTs[i6 gtLhf lgsfNb} cfPsf] 5 . ljBfnon] s[ l ifsf] klxnf] P;Pn;L k/LIffdf ztk|ltzt ljBfyL{ pQL0f{ u/fPsf] lyof] eg] utjif{sf] P;Pn;L k/LIffdf lhNnfs} ;jf{]Ts[i6 c° Nofpg] ljBfyL{ klg o;} ljBfnosf x'g\ . o;} jif{af6 pRrdflj txsf] cWofkg;d]t z'¿ u/]sf] o; ljBfnon] s[liflzIffdf klg bIf k|fljlws pTkfbg ug{ ] nIo lnPsf] 5 . lhlzsf / lzIff ljefun] cfjZos ;xof] u ul/lbPdf b]zs} nflu bIf s[lif k|fljlws pTkfbg ug{] ljBfnosf] ck]Iff 5 . s[liflzIffsf nflu ljBfno txd} k"0f{ tof/L gu/Lsg z'¿ ePsf] k|fljlws lzIffsf ljBfyL{x¿ P;Pn;L k/LIffdf dfq xf]Og, To;kl5sf] eljioaf/] klg lrlGtt 5g\ . P;Pn;L k/LIff pQL0f{ u/]kl5 pRrdflj txdf cfkm"n] s[lifd} cWoog ug{sf nflu ;d:of ePsf] pgLx¿sf] u' g f;f] 5 . ;} 4 flGts lzIffn] a]/f]huf/ pTkfbg eO/x]sf a] n f k| f ljlws lzIffdf nfluk/] s f ljBfyL{ klg cfkm"n] cWoog ;s]/ s[lif k|fljlws ag]kl5 a]/f]huf/ a:g'kg{] xf] ls eGg] lrGtfdf 5g\ . pgLx¿sf] /f]huf/Lsf nflu ;/sf/n] clxn];Dd s'g} kxn yfn]sf] 5}g . k"0f{ cg';Gwfg / cfjZos tof/L gu/L ;/sf/ cufl8 a9\bf ljBfno txd} cWoog ul//x] s f s[ l if k| f ljlws lzIffsf ljBfyL{x¿ ;d:ofdf k/]sf 5g\ .

gfd M lht]Gb| g]kfnL ;fsL{ 7]ufgf M /xjf;–^, kfNkf /fxbfgL gDa/ M $#@%&@#

uf]bfj/L ;le{l;· ;]G6/ xfdL sxfF ;Dk"0f{ uf8Lx? 8]G6 k]G6 ug's { f ;fy} dd{t klg ul/G5 / uf8Lx?sf] kf6{;x? ;'ky d"Nodf laqmL ul/G5 .

k|f]= ljSsL d]xtf a' 6 jn, sflnsfgu/ ;Dks{ g+ = (*$&$##)!&

kl5Nnf] ;do pRr lzIff cWoog;Fu} /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ kfOg] ePsfn] k"j{L PlzofnL d'n's hfkfg g]kfnL ljBfyL{sf nflu cfsif{s z}lIfs uGtJo aGb} uPsf] 5 . g] k fnsf] lqe' j g cGt/f{ l i6« o ljdfg:ynaf6 b}lgs s/La @ xhf/ g]kfnL o'jf ljb] z hfg] u/] s f 5g\ , h;df /f]huf/Lsf nflu ljb]z hfg] ax';+Vos eP klg pRr lzIff cWoogsf nflu hfg]x¿ klg w]/} 5g\ . pRr lzIffsf nflu cd]l/sf, ci6«]lnof, ef/t / hfkfg hfg] x ¿sf] ;+ V of clxn] al9/x]sf] 5 . ;g\ !()@ df hDdf cf7 g]kfnL ljBfyL{ cWoogsf nflu hfkfg k'u]sf lyP . To;kl5sf s]xL jif{df g]kfnLx¿ hfkfgeGbf klZrdL b]zx¿df a9L dfqfdf hfg yfn] . t/, hfkfgL ;/sf/L tYof°cg';f/ ;g\ @))) df s/La # xhf/ % ;o g]kfnL ljBfyL{ cWoogsf nflu hfkfg k'u]sf] b]lvG5 . of] ;+Vof jif{]lg a9\b} hfFbf !@ jif{sf] cjlwd} cWoogsf nflu hfkfg hfg] g]kfnL ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vof !) u'0ff a9]sf] lyof] .

To:t} , ;g\ @)!$ sf] z'?cft;Dddf cWoogsf nflu hfkfg k'Ug] g]kfnL ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vof #@ xhf/ k'u]sf] 5 . o;} jif{sf] clk|n dlxgfdf dfq} @% ;o ljBfyL{ cWoogsf nflu hfkfg k'u]sf lyP . To:t}, cS6f]a/ dlxgfsf nflu le;f cfj] b g lbg] ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vof # xhf/ /x]sf] tYof° 5 . of] ;+VofnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf klg jif{]lg cWoogsf nflu hfkfg hfg] g]kfnL ljBfyL{ a9\b} uPsf] kfOG5 . cWoogsf nflu hfkfg hfg hfkfgL efiff clgjfo{ x'G5 . To;}u/L, ToxfF hfg cfjZos cGo k|lqmof klg k"/f ug{ } k g{ ] x' G 5 . sltko ljBfyL{ / cleefjsn] hfkfgdf k' U g] l alQs} /fd|f] cfDbfgL x'g] ;f]r]/ b'Mv kfPsf pbfx/0f klg k|z:t} 5g\ . To;}n], cWoogsf nflu hfkfg hfg'cl3 ;Dk"0f{ hfgsf/L lng' cfjZos x'G5 . efiff k|lqmof M g]kfnsf] Kn; 6' tx pQL0f{ u/]sf ljBfyL{x¿n] hfkfgdf cWoogsf nflu cfj] b g lbg kfpF5g\ . hfkfg hfg] ljBfyL{sf nflu klxnf] zt{ g} hfkfgL efiffsf] /fd|f] 1fg xf] . ToxfF uP/ cWoogsf ;fy} sfd kfpg klg efiff clgjfo{ ¿kdf hfg] s f] x' g ' k b{ 5 . To;sf nflu g]kfnd} cfwf/e"t hfkfgL efiffsf] cWoog u/] k l5 To;} s f cfwf/df hfkfgn] g} ljZjJofkL ¿kdf lng] kfFrf}+ txsf] k/LIff lbg'kg{] x'G5 . tL k/LIffx¿df h]PnkL6L, PgP6L, 6k– h] / h] – 6] i 6 kb{ 5 g\ . oL k/LIff hfkfgL efiffsf] n]en kfFrcGtu{t kb{5g\ . g]kfnd} /x]sf hfkfgL efiff cWoog u/fpg] :s" n , OlGi6Ro' 6 , sG;N6]G;L / ljZj efiff SofDk;df of] efiff cWoog ug{ ;lsG5 . cfwf/e"t efiffsf] sIff sDtLdf ^ dlxgf cWoog u/]kl5 Pg kmfOe n] e nsf] k/LIff lbg ;lsG5, h' g hfkfg hfg] k|lqmofsf nflu kf; ug{'kg{] x'G5 . k|To]s jif{ h]PnkL6L b'O{k6s, PgP6L rf/k6s / 6k–h] k/LIff rf/k6s lnOG5 . oL k/LIffdf kf; ePkl5 dfq} cGo k|lqmof z'¿ x'G5 . le;f cfj]bgM gMefiff k/LIff kf; u/]sf ljBfyL{n] sDtLdf Kn; 6' tx pQL0f{ u/]sf] / a9Ldf cfkm"n] cfj]bg lbg] ;do;Dd cWoog u/] s f] ;Dk" 0 f{ k|df0fkqsf sfuhft ;dfj]z ug{'kg{] x'G5 . o;df P;Pn;Lb]lvs} dfs{;L6, k|f]lehgn tyf Sof/]S6/ ;l6{lkms]6 ;dfj]z ug{'kb{5 . s'g} ljBfyL{sf] P;Pn;Lkl5 jf Kn; 6'kl5 csf{] txdf cWoog ubf{ a9Ldf % jif{;Ddsf] Uofk -l/Qmtf_nfO{ dfGotf lbOPsf] 5 .

To;df klg Uofk x' g ' s f] sf/0f k|df0f;lxt k]z ug{'kb{5 . cfkm"n] sfd u/] s f] cg' e jsf] k| d f0fkq, kl/jf/sf ;b:o;Fusf] gftf k|df0fkq,

;DklQsf] ljj/0fsf] k|dfl0ft sfuhft, kl/jf/sf] jflif{s cfoJoo ljj/0f / a}° vftfdf sDtLdf @) nfvb]lv #) nfv ?k}ofF;Dd art u/]sf] ljj/0f Ps;fy k]z ug{'kg{] x'G5 . oL ;a} sfuhft / efiff k/LIffsf] k|df0fkq ;dfj]z u/L cfkm"n] cWoog ug{ rfx]sf] :s" n df le;f k| l qmofsf nflu k7fpg'kb{5 . hfkfg hfg] ;Dk"0f{ k| l qmofx¿ oxfF v' n ] s f ljleGg sG;N6]G;L tyf efiff cWoog u/fpg] OlGi6Ro'6x¿n] ldnfOlbg] ub{5g\ . s/La ^ jif{ hfkfgdf cWoog u/L g]kfn kmls{P/ rfjlxn ldqkfs{df gf]hf]dL hfkfgL efiff cWoog :s"n vf]n]sf ;~ho >]i7n] cfkm"x¿n] klg hfkfgdf cWoogsf nflu ljBfyL{ k7fpg] ;a} k|lqmof ldnfpg] u/]sf] atfP . >]i7sf cg';f/ k|lqmof yfn]sf] # b]lv $ dlxgfdf hfkfgdf hfg ;lsG5 . pko'Qm dlxgf M hfkfgdf cWoogsf nflu d'VotM b'O{ l;hg cyf{t\ jif{sf] clk| n / cS6f] a / dlxgfdf gofF ljBfyL{ egf{ ug{ ] k| f jwfg 5 .

To;afx] s klg hgj/L / h' n fO{ dlxgfdf u/L jif{sf] rf/k6s hfkfgdf cWoogsf nflu hfg ;lsG5 . hgj/L / h'nfO{ dlxgfdf hfg]x¿sf nflu eg] aLraf6 k9fO x'g] x'Fbf clk|n / cS6f] a /df hfg] x ¿ a9L x' g ] ub{ 5 g\ . le;fsf] ;do M hfkfgdf cWoogsf nflu hfg]x¿n] ;fdfGotof ! jif{sf] le;f nufP/ hfg] ub{ 5 g\ . t/, hfkfgn] sDtLdf ^ dlxgfb]lv a9Ldf @ jif{;Ddsf] ljBfyL{ le;f lbG5 . le;f cjlw ;lsPkl5 hfkfgd} k'gM yk ug{ ;lsG5 . t/, hfkfgdf cWoog u/]/ kmls{Psf lzIfs ;~ho >]i7sf cg';f/ clxn] sd nufgL nfUg] nf]edf ^ dlxgfsf] le;fdf hfg' /fd|f] x' F b } g . pgsf cg' ; f/ clwsf+ z ljBfyL{ / cleefjsx¿ ^ dlxgfsf] le;fdf hfkfg uP/ cWoog ub{} sfd u/]/ afFsL k};f sdfP/} ltg{] ;f]rn] hfG5g\ . t/, hfkfgdf hfg]lalQs} / efiffdf bIf geO{ sfd gkfpg] x'Fbf ;f]r]h:tf] gx'g ;S5 . z'?cftsf ;do hfkfgdf k9fO, sfd / ;dosf] Joj:yfkg ug{ g;Sbf ljBfyL{x¿ tLj| dfgl;s tgfjdf kg{] ;d]t ub{5g\ . z'?cftdf cfDbfgL gx'Fbf dfl;s vr{ a] x f] g { sl7g x' g ] >] i 7n] atfP .

To;}n], oxfFaf6 Ps jif{s} ;Dk"0f{ vr{ a'emfP/ hfg pgL ;'emfpF5g\ . zx/sf] 5gf]6 M hfkfgdf cWoog ug{ hfg] d'Vo zx/x¿df /fhwfgL 6f]lsof], cf];fsf, lrjf, km's'cf]sf, gfuf]of, tfsfdfr', l;h'cf]sfnufot 5g\ , hxfF w] / } g] k fnLx¿ hfg] ub{ 5 g\ . /fhwfgL 6f] l sof] cGo zx/sf] bfFhf]df a:g, vfg / k9\g lgs} dxFuf] ePsfn] klxnf]k6s hfkfg hfg]x¿ 6f]lsof]eGbf aflx/sf zx/df hfg] ub{5g\ . kl5 efiff cWoogsf] tx kf/ u/]kl5 eg] cfkm"n] rfx]sf] zx/df hfg kfpg] Joj:yf;d]t 5 . ljifo 5gf] 6 M g] k fnaf6 hfg] ljBfyL{x¿n] z'¿df hfkfgL efiff g} cWoog ug{'kg{] x'G5 . hfkfgL efiffsf] Pg kmfOeb] l v Pg 6' cyjf jfg tx;Dd kf; u/] k l5 dfq cfkm" n ] rfx]sf] ljifodf sn]hx¿df egf{ x'g kfOG5 . To;}n], efiff cWoogsf] tx kf; ug{ s f nflu sDtLdf !% dlxgfb]lv @ jif{ nfU5 . of] cjlwdf

hfkfgL efiffdf bIf x'gs ' f ;fy} ToxfFsf ljleGg sDkgLx¿df sfd klg ;lhn} kfpg ;lsg] cj:yf /xG5 . t/, g]kfnd} Pg 6« jf jfg;Ddsf] cWoog u/L kf; u/]/ uPdf eg] hfkfgL lzIff k|lqmofcg';f/ O{hLo" k/LIff lbg'kb{5 . To;df kf; x'g]n] cfkm"n] rfx]sf] ljifodf ;Lw} sn]hdf egf{ kfpF5g\ . g]kfndf h'g s'g} ljifosf] cWoog u/]/ uPsf] eP klg hfkfgdf cfkm"nfO{ dg nfu]sf] ljifodf cWoog ug{ kfpg] k|fjwfg 5 . hfkfgdf uPsf g] k fnLx¿n] k9\ g ] d' V o ljifox¿df xf]6n Dofg]hd]06, cfO{6L Pjd\ ljleGg k|fljlws ljifo 5g\ . o;afx]s cfkm"nfO{ k9\g dg nfu]sf cGo ljifo 5fg]/ k9\g kfpg] Joj:yf klg 5 .

5fqj[lQ kfpg] k|lqmof M hfkfgdf cWoog ug{ ] x ¿sf nflu 5fqj[ l Q kfpg' klg 7"nf] cj;/ xf], h;n] ubf{ jflif{s ¿kdf ltg{] cWoogsf] vr{ / xf]i6n vr{ hf]luG5 . o;sf nflu hfkfg uPsf] Ps jif{kl5 dfq cfj]bg lbg kfOG5 . cfkm"n] cWoog u/]sf] ljBfno jf sn]haf6 cfj]bg lbPsf] ljBfyL{sf] cWoogk|ltsf] nufj / jflif{s d"Nof°gsf cfwf/df pTs[i6 ljBfyL{nfO{ 5fqj[lQ lbg] ul/G5 . o;afx]s hfkfgL /fhb"tfjf;n] klg s]xL ;Lldt ljifodf 5fqj[lQsf nflu cfj]bg vf]Ng] u5{, h;df 5gf]6 x'g ;s] hfkfg uO{ cWoog ug{ 5fqj[lQ kfpg ;lsG5 . nfut vr{ M g] k fnaf6 hfg] ljBfyL{nfO{ hfkfg hfg cfkm" hfg] zx/, ljBfno / ToxfFsf] z'Nscg';f/ nfut km/s–km/s nfUg] ub{ 5 .

6f]lsof]eGbf aflx/sf zx/df hfg nfut s]xL ;:tf] 5 . ;fwf/0ftof :s"nsf] z'Ns / xf]i6]n z'Ns;lxt jflif{s ;f9] * nfvb]lv !) nfv ?k} o fF ; Dd vr{ nfUg] ub{ 5 , h' g ljBfnon] oxfF a f6 hfg' k " j { g} a' e mfpg' k g{ ] vr{ xf] . sltko ljBfyL{x¿ ^ dlxgfsf] dfq z'Ns lt/]/ hfg] klg x'G5g\ . t/, o;/L hfF b f k' g M ^ dlxgfkl5 g} le;f z'Nsb]lv xf]i6]n / :s"nsf] z'Ns;d]t ltg{'kg{] x'G5 . o;afx]s hfkfg hfg] k|lqmof / efiff cWoog ug{sf nflu g]kfndf dWo:ytf ul/lbg] OlGi6Ro'6, sG;N6]G;n] Go"gtd %) xhf/b]lv Ps nfv ?k} o fF ; Dd lng] ub{ 5 g\ . of] a fx] s klg ljBfyL{ n ] sfuhkq ldnfpg, ljleGg :yfgdf wfpFbf nfUg] vr{b]lv cfkm"n] JolQmut ;fdfg / lsgd]nsf nflu cfjZostfcg';f/ vr{sf] hf]xf] ug{'kg{] x'G5 . hfkfg hfg] ;dodf cfkm";Fu} @ xhf/ % ;o 8n/a/fa/sf] /sd lnP/ hfg kfpg] k|fjwfg klg 5 . of] /sd hfkfg uPkl5 b}lgs ¿kdf nfUg] vr{ / ToxfF rflxg] ;fdfg v/Lbsf nflu xf] . /f] h uf/Lsf] cjlw M hfkfg ;/sf/sf] lgodcg' ; f/ ljBfyL{ le;fdf uPsf ljBfyL{n] Ps xKtfdf @* 306f sfd ug{ kfpF 5 g\ . hfkfgdf ljBfno xKtfsf] % lbg dfq} v'Ng] ub{5 . ;ftfsf] zlgaf/ / cfOtaf/ ljbf x'g] ub{5 . t;y{, ljBfyL{n] ljbfsf] lbg;lxt xKtfsf] @* 306f sfd ug{ kfpg] k|fjwfg 5 . t/, ljBfno nfdf] ;dosf nflu ljbf x'Fbf eg] k"/} ;do sfd ug{ kfpg] k|fjwfg 5 .

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lyof] . k|yd u'NdL dxf]T;j ePsf] em08} # jif{ kl5 u' N dL lhNnfdf bf] > f] dxf] T ;j x' g nfu] s f] xf] . lhNnfsf /fhgLlts bnx?;+ u sf] 5nkmnkl5 ldlt to ePklg ca l5§} lhNnfsf ;/f]sf/jfnf kIf;+u 5nkmn u/L dxf] T ;j tof/LnfO{ lta|tf lbOg] cWoIf kf08]on] atfP . ;du| u' N dL lhNnfsf] wld{ s :yfnx?sf] k4{ b g, s[ l if pBf]ux?sf] k|rf/ k|;f/;Fu} lhNnfdf ko{ 6 g k| j 4g ug{ s f] nflu u' N dL dxf]T;jsf] ;'?jft u/]sf] dxf;lrj s[i0f kf]v/]nn] hfgsf/L lbP . u'NdL dxf]T;jnfO{ k|To]s jif{ ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]tfklg ljljw sf/0fn] tf]lsPsf] ;dodf ug{ g;s] s f] kf] v /] n n] atfP . bf]>f] u'NdL dxf]T;j kmfNu'g

dlxgfdf ug] { lg0f{ o ePtfklg dxf]T;j tof/L ;ldltx? u7g eg] cem} gePsf] kf]v/]nsf] egfO 5 . ;a} kIf;+ u 5nkmnkl5 dxf] T ;j ;kmn kfg{sf] nflu l5§} d'n cfof]hs ;ldlt / pk;ldltx? u7g ug] { atfP . kmfu' g dlxgfdf bf] > f] u'NdL dxf]T;j x'g] va/ cfP;Fu} u'Nd]nLx?n] v';L JoQm ub}{ k|To]s jif{df x'g'kg]{ cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . lhNnfdf x' g ] dxf] T ;jn] u' N dL lhNnfsf] P] l txfl;s tyf wfld{ s :ynx?sf] k|rf/ k|;f/, s[lif, pBf]u Jofkf/ ;F u } lhNnfsf wfld{ s P]ltxfl;s ?kn] wlg ePsf]n] ko{6g k|a4{g ug{ lgs} dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf x'g] :yfgLoaf;Lsf] egfO{ 5 .

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cfl>t :d[lt k|lti7fgsf] ejgdf Zofd yfkfsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly g]skf Pdfn] lhNnf sld6L pkfWoIf lzj ;'j]bLn] cjsf o'jf ;dfh kl/jt{gsf nflu an / aGb'sn] xf]Og ljrf/ / a'l4n] cufl8 a9\ g ' k g{ ] atfPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf o'jf ;+3 g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf n'lDagL c~rn OGrfh{ lxdfn >]i7, o'jf ;+3 ?kGb]xLsf lhNnf ;lrj gs'n zfxL, ;x;lrj s[i0f yfkf, lhNnf kl/ifb\ ;b:o pdfsfGt a:ofn, If]qLo ;b:o r/0f ltldlN;gf, gf/fo0fafa' a:g]t, gu/ ;b:o sNkgf yfkf, j8f cWoIf gljg yfkf, o'jf ;+3 If]qLo pkfWoIf s]zj /f]sf, gu/ cWoIf dgf]h uf}rg, sf]iffWoIf ls;g s'dfn, ;lrjfno ;b:o ljsf; a:g] t nufotn] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fv]sf lyP eg] gjlgjf{lrt sld6LnfO{ o'jf ;+3 s]Gb|Lo ;b:o lxdfn >]i7n] kb tyf uf] k gLotfsf] ;kyu| x 0f u/fPsf

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pkfWoIf emk]Gb| uf]/fyf]sL, lqe'jg ax' d ' v L SofDk; OsfOsf ;b:o hfu]Zj/ a~hf8] / ;b:o s0f{axfb'/ v8\sf nufotn] af]Nb} b'Jo{;gLd'Qm x'g o'jfx?nfO{ cfu|x u/] . cleofg cGtu{ t clxn] ; Dd hgtf gd" g f pRr dflj, Go" xf]/fOhg pRr dflj, kß klAns gd"gf pRr dfljdf klg nfu"cf}ifw b'Jo{;gLlj?4 ;r]tgfd"ns cGtlqm{of ;DkGg eO;s]sf] 5 .

u|fdL0f ljsf; o'jf Snjsf] & cf}+ clwj]zg xfd| f ;+ j fbbftf kfNkf, d+l;/ @!÷u|fdL0f ljsf; o'jf Snj b] p /fnL–# kfNkfsf] & cf} + cljwj]zg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly lgjt{dfg uflj; pkfWoIf gnjxfb'/ ;f?n] o'jfx?n] g} ;dfhdf ePsf ljs[ t L lj;·tLaf6 aRb} / c?nfO{ klg arfpg' kg] { atfPsf lyP . pgn] ljsf;sf x/] s ultljwLdf o'jfx? nfUg cfu|x ;d]t

u/] . sfo{qmddf uf]df ;f?, s'ndfof ;f?, lktfDa/ ;f? nufotn] af]n]sf lyP . Snjsf cWoIf zDz]/ :ff?n] ;f+u7gLs k|ltj]bg tyf Ps nfv &^ xhf/ $ ;o #% ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] cfoJoo k| : t' t ul/Psf] lyof] . clwj] z gsf] cj;/ kf/] / v' N nf tkm{af6 gfoj ;'Jaf ePsf lktfDa/ ;f? / nfdf] ;do;Dd b]p/fnL uflj; :jod;]ljsf u/]sL a;Gtf ;f?nfO{

;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . clwj]zgn] Þo'dg ;f?sf] cWoIftfdf !# ;b:oLo gofF sfo{ ;ldtL rog u/]sf] 5 . pkfWoIfdf ;fu/ ;f?, ;lrjdf k|ldnf ;f?, ;x;lrjdf uLtf e' i ffn, sf]iffWoIfdf kbd ;f? /x]sf 5g\ .

Snjsf ;b:o ;fu/ ;f?sf] :jfutaf6 ;' ? ePsf] sfo{ q mdsf] ;~rfng ;+ : yfsf cWoIf zDz] / ;f? / pkfWoIf 6'snfn ;f?n] u/]sf lyP .

xfd| f ;+ j fbbftf a' 6 jn, d+ l ;/ @!÷cg] / f:jljo' SofDk; sld6L a' 6 jn ax' d ' v L SofDk;n] zf/Ll/s tyf af} l 4s :km'lt{sf nflu v]ns'b eGg] gf/fsf ;fy ?kGb] x Lsf ;a} SofDk; tyf pRr dfljx?nfO{ ;xefuL u/fO{ cGt/ sn]h k'?if elnjn k|ltof]utf cfof]hgf ug{] ePsf] 5 . cg] / f:jljo' SofDk; sld6Lsf] ;ftf}+ k"0f{ a}7s a;L cGt/ sn]h elnjn k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . cg]/f:jljo'

SofDk; sld6Lsf] cfof]hgfdf olx kf}if @ ut]b]lv ;'? x'g] lhNnf :t/Lo cGt/ sn] h elnjn k| l tof] l utf Aojl:yt ?kdf ;~rfng ug{ sld6Lsf pkfWoIf gljg yfkf ;f?nfO{ v] n ;+ o f] h s / odg ;nfdLnfO{ ;x;+of]hssf] lhDd]jf/L lbPsf] 5 . k| l tof] l utfdf k| y d x'g]nfO{ !% xhf/, låtLo x'g]nfO{ !) xhf/ / t];|f] x'g]nfO{ % xhf/ gub ;fy} sk, d]8n / k|df0fkq lbOg]5 . pQm k| l tof] l utf olx kf} i f @ ut] a' 6 jn ax' d ' v L SofDk;sf] v] n

d}bfgdf Ps ;df/f]xsf aLr eAo ?kdf pb\ 3 f6g ul/g] hfgsf/L sld6Lsf sf]iffWoIf s[i0f a:ofnn] u/fPsf lyP . a} 7 s sld6Lsf cWoIf z]ifsfGt kf]v/]nsf] cWoIftf, cg] / f:jljo' lhNnf k| r f/ ljefu k| d ' v afns[ i 0f kf08] s f] k| d ' v cfltYotfdf tyf lhNnf ;b:o x]dGt l3ld/], eujtL a:ofn, a'l4 s'Fj/, If]qLo ;b:o lgd{n s];L nufotsf] pkl:yltdf ;DkGg ePsf] a}7ssf] ;~rfng sld6Lsf sfo{jfxs ;lrj e/t cof{nn] u/]sf lyP .

cGt/ sn]h k'?if elnjn k|ltof]utf

b'O{ gfd, y/ / hGd ldlt km/s ePsf] JolQm Pp6} ePsf]af/] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ¤ ;j{;fwf/0fdf of] ;"rgf ;"lrt ul/G5 sL kfNkf lhNnf bn{d8fF8f uflj;–#, a:g], ef/tLo e"k" J.C. 607134Y ;'j]bf/ wg axfb'/ yfkfsf] gful/stfdf wg axfb'/ ufxf du/ / l;6/f]n k]G;g k§fdf wg OGb| b]jL yfkf axfb'/ yfkf / lghsf] >LdtLsf] wg axfb'/ yfkf gful/stfdf OGb| s'df/L ufxf hGd ldlt @)@)÷)$÷)! ut] / l;6/f]n k]G;g k§fdf OGb| b]jL yfkf hGd O=;+= 1963/02/12 ePtfklg b'j} gfdy/ / hGd ldlt km/s km/s ePsf] ePtfklg JolQm Pp6} ePsf] / lgh afx]s cGo sf]xL gePsf] Joxf]/f ;j{;fwf/0fdf of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/G5 .

b'O{ gfd, y/ km/s km/s ePsf] JolQm Pp6} ePsf]af/] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ¤ ;j{;fwf/0fdf of] ;"rgf ;"lrt ul/G5 sL kfNkf lhNnf lem?af; uflj;–!, a:g], ef/tLo e"k" J.C. 623154W ;'jb] f/ kbd axfb'/ yfkfsL >LdtL hdf}tL cfn]sf] gful/stfdf hdf}tL hdftL b]jL kbd axfb'/ yfkf cfn] / kbd axfb'/ yfkfsf] k]G;g k§f / l;6/f]ndf >LdtLsf] gfd y/ hdftL b]jL n]lvg uO{ km/s k/]sf] / b'j} gfd y/ u/]sL Pp6} JolQm ePsL d afx]s cGo sf]xL gePsf] Joxf]/f ;j{;fwf/0fdf ;"lrt ul/G5 .

s}nfzgu/ klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt, sfof{noMeujtL6f]n–*,tfg;]g,kfNkf,kmf]gM)&%–%@)^)!,E-mail:njdnews@gmail.com,jagdish_sfm@yahoo.com kf=lh=x'=b=g+= )%!÷)%@,kf=lh=k|=sf=b=g+= !(÷)%!÷)%@ k|aGw ;+rfns M OGb|f e§/fO{, ;DkfbsMhubLz e§/fO{