ARCHITECTURAL SSL • Chronicling the Advancement of LEDs in the Built Environment
NOT WEIRD SCIENCE. There’s nothing mysterious about properly
integrating daylight and electric lighting; it simply takes greater coordination and consideration of essential criteria that’s too often swept to the side.
AT THE FRONT Libraries—iconic resource centers of old have evolved to address the Information Age. SSL is a big part of this changing design paradigm.
SSL BUZZ DOE, in a new Gateway study, examines whether end users are better off with MR16 replacement modules or new fixtures outright.
SSL PROJECTS Corsica’s ancient Citadel Bonifacio proves quite a test bed for applying new forms of SSL; Chicago’s Art Institute is all in on tunable LED.
NUMBER 40 • OCTOBER 2015 www.architecturalssl.com
DAYLIGHT
INTEGRATION
1510SSLCVR02.indd 1
10/13/15 13:34
Circle 01
Untitled-1.indd 1
10/13/15 09:54
Knowledge you can build on.
Information you can count on. Even if you’re a veteran lighting professional, you never stop learning. The Lighting reSOURCE features information, education and inspiration powered by over 100 years of expertise to energize your lighting career. From LED toolkits and photo galleries to original feature content on emerging lighting trends, The Lighting reSOURCE gives you 24/7 access to the information you need to deliver world-class results. Enhance your lighting knowledge at TheLightingResource.Eaton.com.
Follow us on social media to get the latest product and support information.
Circle 02
14945-EL_ReSource_ArchSSL.indd Untitled-1.indd 2 1
9/11/15 10/13/154:46 09:56 PM
OCT.15
42
33 Project Profile: Art Institute of Chicago experiments with tunable white light.
BUZZ
PERSPECTIVES
07 U. of Maryland
05 LED Insights
DOE’s latest gateway project examines MR16 modules.
Road trip reveals cool LED stuff is happening in all kinds of unexpected places and in unexpected ways. By Jim Crockett
09 Timely Design 37 Project Profile: South Bend, Ind. adds a little color at night to transform its riverfront.
Clock strikes 12 for LED in suburban Los Angeles.
48 SSL Observed 11 WIPO HQ Honey of a luminaire wows worldly organization.
02 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLTOC.indd 2
26
20
Backstroke or freestyle? What’s the best approach to take on luminaire development? By Kevin Willmorth
“An integrated daylight approach should utilize SSL that delivers neardaylight spectral energy that has proven to be consistent with high visual performance.”
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 11:45
37
FEATURES
DESIGN & PRODUCTS
14 Market Setting Feature: Daylight and SSL
40 White Pages A trio of must-read documents on CRI; creating LED products without heat sinks.
Integrating natural and artificial lighting practice as one, is the path to creating hyper-optimized lighting performance. by Kevin Willmorth
20 At the Front: Libraries and LED Changes in library space utilization—most notably using space as a means of responding to the culture of their communities—are changing the way libraries are being designed—and illuminated. by Vilma Barr
42 Advances Retrofit fixtures; architectural flood lights; custom linear fixures; downlights; drivers; LED arrays; dual-loop photosensors.
Architectural SSL, Vol. 9, No. 5 (ISSN# 1941-8388) is published five times per year by Construction Business Media. Publication Office: Construction Business Media, 579 First Bank Drive, Suite 220, Palatine, IL 60067; 847 359 6493; www.architecturalssl.com. (Copyright © 2015 by Construction Business Media) POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Architectural SSL Magazine, 519 East Briarcliff Road, Bolingbrook, IL 60440.
26 Featured Project: Citadel Bonifacio A “ladder of light” on an ancient Corsican fortress transforms visitors into “actors of one’s own experiment of the site.” by Jim Crockett
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLTOC.indd 3
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 03
10/13/15 11:45
Every day, we waste over 18 trillion lumens. Isn’t it time to look at light in a whole new way?
At Amerlux, we understand the value of what the right light in the right place can do. Discover the new lighting value metric at amerlux.com. Follow us on Twitter @AmerluxLighting.
Circle 03
4515_LumensAd_ArchtSSL_single_V1d.indd Untitled-1.indd 3 1
9/8/15 1:55 10/13/15 09:56 PM
Coµµ§∑T±R∞
NUMBER 40 • OCTOBER 2015 www.architecturalssl.com Gary Redmond
Managing Partner Director, Publishing Operations gary@architecturalssl.com
Tim Shea
Managing Partner Director, Business Development tim@architecturalssl.com
LED Doubting Thomas’ Need a Pilgrimage and Technology Center. The state-of-the-art
Dave Pape
EDITORIAL Jim Crockett 847 359 6493 Kevin Willmorth Megan Mazzocco 847 359 6493
Vice President Director, Art & Production dave@architecturalssl.com Editorial Director jimc@architecturalssl.com Editor kevin@architecturalssl.com Senior Editor megan@architecturalssl.com
CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Vilma Barr Barbara Horwitz-Bennett Ellen Lampert-Greaux Chuck Ross
vilma@architecturalssl.com barbara@architecturalssl.com ellen@architecturalssl.com chuck@architecturalssl.com
Jan Bottiglieri
Copy Editor
DESIGN & PRODUCTION Dave Pape Art Director dave@architecturalssl.com Lauren Lenkowski Alex Mastera
Associate Art Director lauren@architecturalssl.com Graphic Designer alex@architecturalssl.com
ADVERTISING SALES Gary Redmond 847 359 6493 gary@architecturalssl.com
Tim Shea 847 359 6493 tim@architecturalssl.com
Michael Boyle 847 359 6493 michael@architecturalssl.com
Jim Oestmann 847 838 0500 jim@architecturalssl.com
David Haggett 847 934 9123 davidh@architecturalssl.com
Ted Rzempoluch 609 361 1733 ted@architecturalssl.com
Jim Führer 503 679 5409 jimf@architecturalssl.com
Bob Fox 917 273 8062 bob@architecturalssl.com
When its right, words do little to convey SSL’s capabilities; for nonlighting people, experiencing it may be the only way to make it grow.
illuminated with LED fixtures in both high bay areas as well as in offices—perhaps they read my anti-fluorescent rant last issue. Someone who, in fact, was paying attention to my little diatribe, was long-time reader, and
While on the road this past summer I had the
Philadelphia lighting icon Gersil Kay, who agreed
chance to visit one of our PIA winners: Ann
with me that fluorescents haven’t made much
Arbor, Mich.-based Arborlite. In case you don’t
progress since the 1930s. But Gersil also took
recall, the company makes an artificial skylight,
me to task, questioning whether I would be as
the Lightwell, which mimics daylight. Experienc-
hard on LED when it’s surpassed by the next best
ing it firsthand lent credence to the adage “see-
innovation. “I am reminded of the drawbacks of
ing is believing.” This terrific product—something
massively promoted, ingenious but not-there-
the market has been sorely lacking—has affirmed
yet LEDs. Problems with dependability, heat,
my sometimes-sagging faith that SSL can be
glare, vulnerability to vibration, temperature,
so much more than just a 1-for-1 replacement
moisture, non-constant voltage/wattage—and
source for incandescents and fluorescents.
the need to replace the entire expensive lighting
Michael Forbis, CEO of the start-up, told me
system when the light level decreases below
the product is striking a chord, in most cases
what is needed—suggest that a replacement
with those who have a vested interest in their
might eventually emerge with the rapid R&D
spaces—universities, hospitality and those oper-
going on internationally.”
ating high-end offices, like Google (a customer).
It might. In fact, Kevin Willmorth and I had
“Our target is owners who value the productiv-
a similar conversation not too long ago on this
ity, health and happiness of their employees and
exact subject. In Kevin’s mind, right now, adop-
customers,” says Forbis.
tion is all about value and expectation. Part of
The University of Michigan is one such
this has been created because of smart phones.
adopter, and the windowless conference room
These magical mini mobile computers are really
where the Lightwell was installed is now the
almost being given away, compared to their
most booked meeting room in the building. It’s
value. As a result, there’s an expectation for both
also a great retrofit option and problem solver.
better and smarter lighting—but at a similarly
For example, a Detroit-area school district
cheap price point. This is a problem. In the case
passed a large bond to install more daylighting
of the Detroit schools, Guardian and that promi-
measures in schools. One particular school, how-
nent Seattle-based retailer, they see the value
ever, had few windows, and parents complained.
SSL delivers. For others—SSL or otherwise—
Arborlite was contacted, the pseudo-skylights
lighting is just a necessity, like smoke detectors.
installed and everyone’s happy. SUBSCRIPTION INQUIRIES There is no charge for subscriptions to qualified requestors in the U.S. All other annual subscriptions will be charged $39 for standard delivery or $55 for air mail delivery. For subscriptions, inquiries or address changes, call 630 739 0900 ext. 100.
glass coatings and glazing research center was
Maybe the SSL community needs to take a
Also registering on my “coolometer” this road
page from Apple’s marketing book. At the least,
trip was a mock-up I saw in the facilities of metal
the creation of cool experience centers seem to
cladding system manufacturer DriDesign. The
be a critical cog in making the Doubting Thomas’
manufacturer was working on an exterior panel
of the power of lighting believers.•
system for a high-end retailer where linear LEDs were being integrated into designated channels
A Publication of Construction Business Media
Member:
directly within the façade system. A little less exciting, but still encouraging, was another non-lighting stop, in this instance to check out Guardian Industries’ new Science
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLINS.indd 5
Jim Crockett, editorial director
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 05
10/13/15 11:48
VF150 Recessed Lighting with Next Generation LED Sources
• LED output up to 1600 lumens • CCT ranging from 2700K - 4000K • Multiple beam spreads • Latest dimming technologies • 4” Trimless / 5” Trimmed • Beveled, flat, or wall wash • Adjustable or fixed lamp • Housings in Mini (3.63”H) and Small (5.40”H) sizes • Field replaceable optics and power supplies
Continuing in the tradition of our VF100 series is the new VF150. This series moves the adjustment and aiming equipment from the trim insert into the housing. Both fixed and adjustable housings are available. All aiming and adjustment are done via mechanisms inside the fixture housing. Hot aiming is standard. VF150 is compatible with the latest in LED technologies as well as MR16 and CMHMR16.
For use over white b
Circle 04
Untitled-1.indd 4 LF_VF150_Ad_SSL.indd 1
lfillumination.com ©2015 LF ILLUMINATION LLC
For use over white o 10/13/15 09:56 colored backgr 9/23/15 9:58light AM
Illuminance + Color Measurement Tests DOE GATEWAY TEST RECOMMENDS LED MODULES OVER FULL FIXTURES
Small Wall Washer Chromaticity Coordinates
Facilities personnel making a move from halogen to LEDs for wall-wash fixtures face a decision: do they replace the entire fixture or retrofit the existing fixtures with LED modules? A retrofit project at the University of Maryland’s Clarice Smith Performing Arts Center (CSPAC) is documented in a new DOE Gateway Demonstrations report that ends with high marks for the replacement-module option. The project involved 87 halogen wall washers, which operate 7,300 hours per year. While energy savings are frequently the reason for a ABOVE: The diagram shows chromaticity coordinates of the light exiting 25 wall washers in three different areas of the performing arts center, as measured in 2014 and 2015. Wall washers in the first and second areas (blue squares/circles and purple squares) are generally shifting toward blue, while wall washers in the third area (red) remained stable.
halogen-to-LED transition, in this case it was a need to reduce maintenance costs. The fixtures are installed in ceilings that reach as high as 41 ft., so replacing burned-out lamps can require scissor lifts and scaffolding.
Pros + Cons LED Modules vs. Fixtures SOURC§
PROS
CO∑S
To address maintenance concerns, staff began evaluating LED alternatives in spring 2014, narrowing the choices down to a new LED fixture and a retrofit module for the existing luminaires. Initial budget comparisons favored the module, as A) purchase price for the module was one-
HALOGEN LAMP (EXISTING)
LED MODULE
LED WALL WASHER
Lowest initial cost Smooth dimming performance
High maintenance cost Short life High energy consumption Melting supply conductor insulation
Low initial cost (a third of wall washer) No ceiling modification costs Long-rated lumen maintenance Low energy consumption Acceptable light distribution Acceptable color performance Low operating temperature Acceptable dimming performance Size and lumen output options
Installation requires licensed electricians Noticeable flicker
Long-rated lumen maintenance Low energy consumption Low operating temperature Smooth dimming performance (< 10%)
third that of the LED fixture; B) the LED fixtures were slightly smaller than the halogen units they’d replace, so ceiling patching or a custom trim plate would be required, adding significant installation expense. To understand how the options compared in terms of performance, the team did side-by-side test installations. This was an important part of the evaluation because light quality is especially important in wall-wash applications. In these
Initial cost (three times LED module) Ceiling modification or custom trim cost Installation requires licensed electricians Installation requires access above ceiling Narrow light distribution on wall Glare
settings, adjacent fixtures are called on to create consistent illumination across a plain, smooth wall, and any change in color is noticeable. The halogen fixtures featured a reflector designed for this purpose that the LED modules blocked when they were installed, so the DOE research-
ABOVE: Test installations conducted by DOE researchers and University of Maryland staff led to the selection LED replacement modules instead of full fixtures.
ers recorded illuminance and color measureZ
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLBUZ.indd 7
CONTINUED ON PAGE 08
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 07
10/13/15 11:55
CONTINUED FROM PAGE 07
Y
ments before and after the modules were installed to better understand how the modules might affect light distribution. Interestingly, the module performed more like the original halogen fixtures than did the LED wall-wash luminaire, producing similar light distribution and only slightly less light on the ceiling. And, though the selected 10W module did not provide as much light on the wall as the 150W halogen lamp, the staff didn’t think the difference was significant enough for concern. However, the light from both the 4000K LED fixture and the 3500K module was considered too cool in comparison to the 2900K halogen; a 2700K version of the module, however, was a good match. Dimming performance also was evaluated. The LED fixture performed better than the module at levels below 10%—the modules began flashing
RETAIL LIGHTING: COMPLEXE DESJARDINS, MONTREAL
High-Wattage Impact
below that point and turned off com-
Designers with Montreal-based Lightemotion
pletely below 6%. However, because
have created a dynamic new look for that city’s
dimming isn’t required at such a low
largest mixed-use development, the Complexe
level, this issue didn’t concern the
Desjardins, with a programmable LED solu-
staff. Similarly, though there also was
tion designed for both drama and functionality.
some flicker observed with the mod-
Custom bidirectional fixtures from Lumenpulse
ules, testers didn’t think this would be
are mounted in each of the ceiling’s coffers and
a significant issue in the transitional
feature an upward-facing frame equipped with
hallway space where the modules
RGB LEDs and a downward-facing LED flood that
would be installed.
creates light and shadow, and animates both the
Post-installation, DOE took a series
floor and the visitors. By installing one of these
tests to compare with their pre-retrofit
fixtures in each ceiling coffer in Complexe Desjar-
results. Wall washers in two areas
dins, Lightemotion made it possible to create very
generally shifted toward blue, while
subtle chromatic nuances that produce the effect
the third area remained relatively
of a path of colors covering the vault of the shop-
stable. The modules all had the same
ping mall. This new lighting program reduced
product spec, but the dates were dif-
energy consumption by 67% while increasing the
ferent, one set being made in 2013,
lux level by four times.•
while the other two areas were dated from 2012. Neither the chip manufacturer nor the module manufacturer expected the color shift. Both companies are investigating possible causes.•
08 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLBUZ.indd 8
ABOVE: A programmable DMX system gradually shifts the projected color scheme, from energetic in the morning to relaxing and sophisticated in the evening.
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 11:55
THE IDEA WAS TO MIMIC A CLOCK DESIGN THAT INCLUDED ILLUMINATED ELEMENTS TO REPRESENT HOURS AS WELL AS SECOND AND MINUTE HANDS.
PUBLIC ART: SPECTRUM CENTER CLOCK COURT, IRVINE, CALIF.
A Timely Design with Appeal
Shoppers at the expansive Irvine Spectrum Center in Irvine, Calif., can now pass the time by telling time, thanks to an LED lighting installation highlighting what the mall now is calling the “Clock Court.” The custom architectural installation was designed by Matt Levesque of First Circle Design in Newport Beach, Calif. It was was created using varying sizes of custom-made RGB Paver Light Tiles from DuraLamp, each embedded with strips of DuraTape LED tape light.•
ABOVE: The “Clock” at Irvine Center is a custom architectural lighting installation commissioned by Irvine Spectrum Center and designed by Matt Levesque of First Circle Design of Newport Beach, Calif.
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLBUZ.indd 9
Circle 05
10/13/15 11:55
RETROFIT: SAN DIEGO COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT
WITH THE PASSAGE OF PROP 39, SAN DIEGO COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT VICE CHANCELLOR OF FACILITIES MANAGEMENT CHRIS MANIS SAW A GOLDEN OPPORTUNITY TO FINANCE UPGRADES FOR CAMPUS FACILITIES.
Putting Architecture on Display
ABSOLUTELY BSOLUTE BS SOLUTEL SOL UT U T LY TE LY
BRILLIANT. 1043 »
Officials at the San Diego Community College District easily identified lighting as “low-hanging fruit” for energy savings
Introducing 1043 Up & Accent Fixtures
as it sought to make
Each American-made luminaire is expertly crafted and arrives ready to install with factory fitted, integrated high-density array (HDA) LEDs.
39 efficiency-upgrade
FEATURES & PERFORMANCE: » Universal 120V to 277V input » Comparable light levels in the 35W to 50W+ range (400 to 700 Lumens) » Light patterns from Very Narrow Spot to Wide Flood » Wattages from 4.5W to 13W » Die-cast aluminum construction » Fully adjustable Infinity Knuckle
grants to educational in-
use of California’s Prop funding, which offers stitutions seeking to cut energy costs. Among the lighting upgrades was this effort undertaken at the district’s administrative headquarters, where Cree CR Series troffers with SmartCast Technology replaced overhead fluorescent fixtures. Exterior campus lighting
EXPERIENCE THE VISTA DIFFERENCE
was refreshed with Cree’s Edge area, security and high-output flood lights. In addition to cutting
Consult with your sales agent or visit vistapro.com for product details.
energy use by 75%, the program has significantly reduced maintenance costs, thanks to LED lifes800-766-8478 | www.vistapro.com
Circle 06 VISTA PRO: 1/2 Pg. Island–1043 Up & Accent Print Ad/Architects Approved 6/29/15 PUB: Architectural SSL; August 2015 SIZE: 4-color; 1/2 page Island Size= 5.125" x 7" tall, No Bleed
1510SSLBUZ.indd 10
pans of up to 100,000 hours.•
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 13:36
CUSTOM LUMINAIRES: WIPO CONFERENCE HALL, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
A Honey of a Luminaire
K J U Geometric Purist Versatile
In cooperation with Behnisch Architekten and
selux.us
ArtEngineering, Zumtobel created an extraordinary lighting solution for the new conference hall of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). Light-weighted, “cloudlike” appearing spherical luminaires facilitate pleasant illumination and simultaneously mask the halls technological components. was On one hand, the luminaire is supposed to provide atmospherically diffuse lighting, while on the other hand accommodate technical components such as loudspeakers or cameras. The final design represents the aesthetically appealing ideal of an oversized pollen grain with funnel-shaped hexagonal honeycombs and LED lighting points, which uniformly illuminate all spaces.•
ABOVE: Per sphere at the intersections between the individual honeycombs are 540 custom-made, dimmable Zumtobel LED lighting points with a diameter of only 67 mm installed—a solution that is expected to be extremely beneficial thanks to the expected LEDs’ long service life and extended maintenance intervals.
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLBUZ.indd 11
Circle 07
10/13/15 16:28
COMPANY PROFILE: WAC LIGHTING
Putting Fun in Functionality WAC Lighting introduced its first LED product – its InvisiLED Tape Light – in 2008, and has since grown to become a leader in the field. In fact, it recently launched a spin-off brand, Modern Forms, a year or so back to offer a line of more decorative fixtures. The launch was one of the new initiatives of the company’s current president, Shelly Wald, who succeeded the company’s founder—her father, Tony Wang—in 2009. WAC opened its first plant in China in 1998, and the ISO-9001- and ISO-14001-certified facility has since expanded to become a 750,000 sq. ft. campus, complete with a UL-certified test-
ABOVE: WAC’s track and recessed LED fixtures as installed in the C Wonder women’s apparel stores.
ing lab—a long way from those early non LED days. “Our specialty is doing integrated LED luminaires,”
the functionality of more-tradition-
says Wald. “That’s where we have
al incandescent and fluorescent
the most fun.”
fixtures – what Wald calls, “Designs
WAC also has expanded state-
you can only accomplish if you
side, with offices, distribution cen-
were developing the light sources
ters and additional manufacturing
to enable those designs.”
in Port Washington, N.Y., the City of Industry, Calif., and Atlanta. Things often come full circle,
Looking forward, she still sees room for improvement with LEDs. “I think there’s still more to come
and just as the company, in the late
from how we put LEDs together…
2000s decided to “double-down”
how you package them and what
on LED when they found that
application they’re going to go
contractors were finding more new
into,” says Wald.
places to use SSL than “they ever
Meeting those goals, however,
ABOVE: WAC’s Wald notes the company’s focus has shifted to creating integrated LED luminaires, which she says is where they have the most “fun.”
imagined,” Wald says the time was
will require cooperation across
right for Modern Forms. “It seemed
the full value chain, including
obvious to us that the possibilities
component manufacturers, to, for
with LEDs were not being taken
example, develop standard con-
father, who noticed a consumer
Success, she says, will depend on
advantage of, whether commercial-
trols protocols that break through
trend in novelty lighting and went
making the transition as seamless
grade or residential,” Wald says.
existing proprietary boundaries.
on to build a business based on
as possible.“It’s going to be driven,”
“Modern Forms has the goal of ex-
“There’s too much they’re trying to
meeting functional need, Wald says
she says of LED market growth, “by
ploiting those possibilities with its
protect on the intellectual-proper-
the fortunes of the SSL industry
us making the technology as widely
designs, rather than simply mimic
ty standpoint,” she says
depend on a customer-focused
accessible as possible.”•
12 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLBUZ.indd 12
Following in the footsteps of her
approach to product development.
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 11:56
Performance WRAPPED in Style Intense Lighting now offers the performance of the Gravity downlight in an elegant cylinder fixture. Available in 6 and 8 inch surface, pendant, and wall mount styles. This latest cylinder delivers up to 7000lm and shares all the configurability of the feature rich Gravity Family.
■ Unified light engine and trim profile across the entire Gravity family ■ 3 Step Macadam binning for greater color consistency ■ Field serviceable optic options in spot through flood ■ Lumen packages from 1000lm/ 12W to 7000lm/ 90W ■ Standard, slope ceiling and smart canopy ■ Discrete 4mm flange reveal
Intense Lighting, LLC | Anaheim, CA Visit us at www.IntenseLighting.com
SURFACE
WALL PENDANT
Circle 08
Untitled-1.indd 5
10/13/15 15:51
1510SSLMSF.indd 14
10/13/15 14:18
By Kevin Willmorth, editor
D AYL IG HT I N T E G R AT I ON INTEGRATING BOTH NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING PRACTICE AS ONE IS THE PATH TO CREATING HYPER-OPTIMIZED LIGHTING.
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLMSF.indd 15
Ra, Sol, the sun… the near
Architecture employs natu-
perfect light source. It
ral light in many forms:
costs nothing, is avail-
Windows create connec-
able to everyone, delivers
tions to the outdoors;
more energy than can
skylights provide interior
we need, and contains
spaces with natural light
light that supports vision
and perhaps a view of the
and general good health.
sky above; light wells, light
The only flaw is day-night
pipes, clerestory windows,
cycling, time-of-day vari-
roof monitors and light
ability, weather filter-
shelves are also familiar
ing effects and seasonal
design components to
changes. When available,
bring natural light indoors.
it is superior. When it isn’t,
Daylight, clearly, is a regu-
artificial means must be
lar part of design conver-
employed to maintain
sation. However, it is rarely
proper illumination. For
considered a lighting
this reason, daylight and
design component, leaving
lighting system design are
the priorities of architec-
bound to one another.
tural considerations
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 15
10/13/15 14:18
to take precedent over illumination design. Too frequently, lighting designers face the liability of daylight designed into structures that results in difficult to resolve artificial lighting problems. Over-lighting caused by natural light intrusion requires the inclusion of corrective measures— adding light to an already over-lit condition—to overcome contrast and uniformity issues. This architecture-first approach leads to significant issues in developing efficient building systems. Just as SSL is transforming artificial lighting products, the time is now to bring a new level of sophistication to the integration of the sun into lighting system design that specifically couples controls of artificial light to work in concert with natural light.
The Confusion of “Green” Again, this begins with the need to overcome cultural bias. Multi-story expanses of glass produce impressive views. This has become ubiquitous to the imagery of green building. Photographers enhance these impressions through selection of the “magic hour” in which the natural light plays perfectly. Beyond these staged images, however, are periods of over-heating/cooling, undesirable over/under lighting, days of the gray pall, loss of
Photos: Robert Benson Photography
heat and light energy, and compromised lighting systems that are required to overcome these
forces in design. Richard Meier defined it well
issues. The result is a distorted view of “green”
in speaking at the Designing with Light confer-
daylighting should be. With a few exceptions,
ence in June 2000: “Always in our work, there is
these images are not of daylighting-as-lighting,
a concern for the variety of ways in which light
but of the romance of breaking the barrier be-
comes through in a variety of ways. Each situa-
tween outdoor and indoor space.
tion is different; it’s dependent on the location,
This vocabulary of design lacks a connection
site, locale, climate and the nature of the archi-
between full integration of daylight as a core
tectural program—what it is and what it can be.
lighting tool, presenting a challenge—and oppor-
The effect of lighting predominates our thinking
tunity—to realize massive gains in performance
about the form and use of spaces.”
of natural and artificial light alike.
Yet, the practice of artificial lighting design is traditionally limited to a narrow bandwidth of
Squandering the Natural Light Asset
lighting need, aesthetics, energy consumption,
Let’s take a step back. The inclusion of daylight-
operating expense and design coordination with
ing is unquestionably compelling. The spectral
other design professionals. Meanwhile, inte-
perfection of it; its positive impact on human
gration of natural light crosses virtually every
health/feeling of well-being; efficiency as a non-
discipline. Project siting and geographic location
electrically connected light source; and accom-
are core influencers of available natural light,
paniment of views of the outdoor are irresistible
including what time of day light will be available,
16 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLMSF.indd 16
CAMBRIDGE, MASS. PUBLIC LIBRARY
High ceilings and floor-to-ceiling glass walls are great ways to deliver natural light into interior spaces. But why are the lights on? More precice controls will help.
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 12:33
how much, how directional it will be, and of what character. Meanwhile, architectural design— often driven by non-scientific influences—frequently establishes demands that contradict with effective application of daylight as a light source. Furthermore, factors such as available roof space, structural design, number of stories, and the surrounding proximity of natural/manmade obstructions, further complicate effective integration. And it’s not just architects missing the connection. Take the National Institute of Building Sciences, who, in its Whole Building Design Guide, note designers should factor criteria such as climate responsive window-to-wall ratio and optimized interior design, but completely fail to mention lighting system design and integration. How is it, that daylight, which can contribute as much as 80% of the light in a space, is seemingly considered a separate discipline to lighting design itself?
LIGHTING DESIGN IS MORE THAN CONTROLLING MAXIMUMS AND MEETING MINIMUMS; IT MUST ADDRESS ALL OCCUPANT TASKS. USGBC reflects this seeming disconnect in its definition of daylight as: “providing building occupants with a connection between indoor spaces and the outdoors through the introduction of daylight and views into the regularly occupied areas of the building.” Photos: Schmidt-Hammer-Lassen Architects
In this, the proofs for daylight integration are defined by requirements to present minimum
HALIFAX PUBLIX LIBRARY
(10fc) and maximum (500fc) illuminance levels,
Multi-story atriums can deliver in excess of 500fc, becoming gateways to interior spaces. That said, interior lighting in occupied spaces often must be elevated to avoid being perceived as too-dark in contrast, meaning higher energy consumption occurs in such spaces.
window-to-floor ratios, and a nod to glare control (shading). No mention is made of appropriate light levels per tasks involved, lighting system loading to overcome brightness/contrasts, or integration of controls to couple natural and artificial lighting into a single system. The organization’s ‘Daylight and Quality Views Calculator’ includes no reference to lighting design integration, or implications on artificial lighting system
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLMSF.indd 17
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 17
10/13/15 12:33
requirements in support of a proposed scheme at all. ASHRAE 90.1 and California Title 24 requirements associated are equally remiss, focusing more on controls as methods of “daylight harvesting,” while restricting lighting power use, regardless of natural light intrusion. The success of any natural light system are defined by how well its liabilities are addressed. Glazing that allows entry of light has less resistance to undesirable thermal losses and gains. Natural light has a variability in color, intensity, directionality and character that requires supplementation with artificial light and control to manage. The spectral content of daylight also includes undesirable UV and IR radiation that heats surfaces and fades materials. The sun itself is an intense source of glare and discomfort. Lighting design is more than meeting minimums and controlling maximums, and must address all occupants in their prescribed tasks.
A Light-First Utopia Considered From a purely myopic lighting design perspective, every building would be oriented on a site to optimize the acceptance of natural light. Buildings would be planned to optimize this orientation to deliver natural light into the highest demand spaces, pushing low demand
Photos: Tuomas Uusheimo
spaces into the shadows, where the illuminance requirements are lowest. Further, design of glazing, overhangs, reflective shelves, roof systems,
this a layer of active solar energy harvesting to
The Integrated Approach
skylights to reduce orientation effects (compass
power supplemental lighting systems operat-
The advent of SSL and companion controls
orientation), shading systems and controls
ing during daylight hours, and the potential for
technology provides an opportunity to redress
would be included to further develop a system
hyper-optimization is realized.
this failed connection. General illumination from
that—as long as there is available sunlight—
While this lighting-first approach is absurd,
tunable white light LED can be created to deliver
would provide the lion’s share of light for occu-
so is the too-common approach of designing
compensatory light to overcome undesirable
pants to work and live under. This would then be
structures purely around an architecture-first
natural light conditions, or to complement light
supplemented with artificial lighting systems to
perspective. Deep open plan spaces, even with
to desirable natural light conditions. The ap-
compensate when available light fell short, and
large perimeter windows, demand interior light
plication of highly efficient SSL with integrated
extend operational hours into the night. With all
levels be raised to reduce contrast from interior
self-regulation to react to the presence of natu-
of this in place, all other non-lighting compo-
to anterior occupants. These higher-than-nec-
ral light is just one opportunity. Controls that not
nents of the structure would then be wrapped
essary levels then demand perimeter lighting
only consider light levels present, but direction-
around the resulting utopian illumination-cen-
systems capable of supporting the increased
ality, can activate lighting that reduces shadow-
tric universe, where energy consumed for artifi-
overall levels when natural light is absent, plus
ing effects, while zonal lighting control provide
cial lighting is controlled by restraining natural
sophisticated controls to lower overall lighting
balance throughout. Shade controls, whether in
light contribution and distribution within the
levels throughout when daylight at the perim-
the form of obstructive systems, such as blinds
same constraints and requirements. Add to
eter is lowest.
or louvers, or reactive glazing systems coupled
18 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLMSF.indd 18
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 12:33
KILDEN ARTS CENTRE
Beautiful spaces like the lobby of this performing arts center in Kristiansand Norway, designed by ALA Architects, Helsinki, is testiment to need to balance daylight with artificial light, while also accounting for night-time usage.
ORIENTATION MATTERS
In a utopic world, every building would be oriented to optimize the acceptance of natural light. Buildings, in turn, would optimize this orientation to deliver this light into the highest demand spaces, where the benefits are greatest.
INTEGRATED INTELLIGENCE
Tunable LED white light for general illumination can be created to deliver compensatory light to overcome undesirable natural light conditions or as complimentary source to create more desirable natural light conditions.
to lighting controls present the opportunity to
being configured to deliver effectively seemless
HVAC, and civil planning as a monolithic team. It
bring natural light under the same control as
light character of surrounding daylight condi-
means moving beyond technology to band-aide
artificial light in a cohesive system. GPS control
tions, eliminating the contrast in character
compromised environments. This may result in
of natural light features delivers greater
that exists under fixed CCT conventional lamp
the displacement of a few ‘viewport’ windows to
reliability and efficiency than crude light
technology. A further opportunity in controls
make room for more effective light-contributing
following systems.
integration is delivering continually variable
features. This is also applicable to all buildings
light like that experienced with natural light—in
in any location, not just to those wonderfully
that delivers near-daylight spectral energy
illumination level, color and directional char-
photographed magic campuses surrounded by
(high CCT and high CRI) that has proven to be
acter—potentially eliminating the fatigue and
manicured “natural” backdrops. The composite
consistent with high visual performance. This
strain fixed output artificial lighting systems
gains in visual comfort and performance, lower
requires setting aside romantic notions of past
create. This leads to an increased desire to live,
energy consumption, and healthier occupants is
lamp technologies to put human visual need as
play and work in the spaces we occupy.
well worth giving up a few views of parking lots
An integrated approach will also utilize SSL
and neighboring structures. With Ra working
highest priority.
Next Steps
for us, coupled with advancing lighting systems
support of circadian functions to match and
Technology alone cannot solve problems. The
technologies pulled together through integra-
enhance exterior daylight conditions is another
only path to integration is through connection
tion of design professionals across multiple
area of a potential. SSL technology is capable of
of lighting design, space planning, architecture,
disciplines, these benefits are attainable today.•
Artificial light that includes tuning and
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLMSF.indd 19
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 19
10/13/15 12:33
TOPICS AT THE FRONT
By Vilma Barr, contributing writer
In the 284 years since Benjamin Franklin
Efficient fixtures and controls certainly have
founded the Library Co. of Philadelphia—the
a role to play along these lines. According to
country’s first repository of publications—the
library consultant Les Watson, three big trends
library as an open resource for knowledge has
are driving library building and renovation:
undergone many variations to its basic model.
Open plan spaces, for flexibility and modification;
According to the American Library Assn., there
semi-private spaces, with furniture that can be
are close to 120,000 functioning libraries in
rearranged; and technology spaces.
the United States. Even the multi-innovative Franklin would need to move briskly just to keep
Keeping Kids in Mind
current with the pressures that today’s social,
Libraries recognize the benefits of attracting
technological, and physical inputs are putting on
and keeping users, starting at a young age. For
individual libraries and library systems.
teens, spaces for small group interaction were
So what effect are Kindles, e-books and the
constructed at the Hamilton Grange library in
Internet having on the physical nature of the
Harlem, while at the Schaumberg Township
library? “Changes in library space utilization are
(Ill.) District Library, a soundproof multipurpose
changing how we design,” says lighting designer
room with a gaming station and a café have
Ardra Zinkon of Tec Studio. “Libraries are using
proven popular. A children’s library in Beverly
space as a means of responding to the culture of
Hills includes an 80-seat theater for storytelling
their communities.”
and films. At the Madison (Wisc.) Public Central Library, designed by MSR, space has been made
CEDAR RAPIDS PUBLIC LIBRARY The new facility, which opened in 2013, prominently features LED inside and out.
20 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLTAF01.indd 20
Tech Savvy—Including Lighting
available for video games, recording music,
According to Pew Research Center, and a survey
repairing bikes, and doing performance art.
they conducted on the role of libraries in their
Here’s where lighting also comes to bear. The
communities, the group found that 96% of those
Children’s Reading area in the Madison Library
questioned agreed that libraries should be
features climbable built-in “wall caves” that
technology resources that promote literacy and
trigger illumination by a combination of LED and
lead to creative thinking. And while that’s all
fluorescent strips.
well and fine, the buildings themselves, accord-
Following are several examples of state-of-
ing to Zinkon, must address means to reduce
the-art libraries that are taking advantage of
operational costs in order to fund the services
solid-state lighting for either creative or cost-
that continue to make them symbols of learning.
cutting purposes.
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 13:53
TOPICS AT THE FRONT
Cedar Rapids Public Library Cedar Rapids, Iowa Lighting Design: Design Engineers Architect: OPN Architects Photos: Courtesy, Main Street Studio
In 2008, a disastrous flood destroyed whole areas of the city, including the downtown public library. When plans for the building were finalized, OPN Architects was commissioned to create something special. Large expanses of glass allow for daylighting and views to “Regeneration,” a sculpture in the library’s plaza by artist Albert Paley. Coordinating the building’s MEP design, including lighting, was Design Engineers. According to the firm’s Marc Foster, llumination by LED occurs throughout the building and very prominently on the exterior. Notably, LEDs light the underside of the front canopy (edge-lit Lumisheets from EVO); walkway lights; the Paley sculpture, via in-grade floodlights; LED heads on custom poles from Vamonnt also provide area lighting. “The library has become a multipurpose destination for the community to mix and collaborate,” he adds.
In Play LED light blocks along the stairway have motion sensors that trigger preset scenes via a DMX controller. Downlights throughout interior spaces are also LED fixtures.
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLTAF01.indd 21
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 21
10/13/15 12:52
TOPICS AT THE FRONT
Madison Central Library Madison, Wisc. Interior Architecture and Lighting Design: MSR Photos: Courtesy, MSR
When the design firm MSR undertook the major renovation of the c.1965 Central Library of the Madison (Wisc.) Public Library systen, the lighting plan was meant to cut power consumption and be fully functional for the totally movable furnishings and equipment. With a combination of fixtures and lamps available for specifying at the time of design, including LEDs, the operational lighting demand is measured at 0.07W/sq. ft.—46% below the energy code allowance. Traci Engel Lesneski, head of interiors at MSR, and her team created a program based on specific functions—reading, browsing, using a computer—with the ambient light in each function zone intensified to compensate for visual contrast. “Our objective was an illuminated environment that was relaxed, visually interesting, energy-efficient, and could be fully reconfigured without uniform light levels.” Overall ambient light is approximately 15 footcandles, with walls and ceiling illuminated to give the impression of brightness, and reduce contrast from daylight, explains Lesneski. Outside, in response to public concern about previously dark areas around the library building, an LED light wall was added, along with a lighted Madison Public Library sign.
CAVE EFFECT The library includes nooks kids can crawl into that light up with LEDs when they enter the personal reading spaces.Research sponsored by Gensler on students’ use of libraries reveals that a top appeal is quiet space, influenced by “the vibe—the slight din, and the social component of being near others, yet able to focus.”
22 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLTAF01.indd 22
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 12:52
TOPICS AT THE FRONT
Gumberg Library Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pa. Lighting Design: Eaton Photos: Courtesy, Eaton
When Rod Dobish, executive director of facilities management at Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, held the kick-off meeting to plan the lighting for the renovation of the Gumberg Library—which houses 750,000 volumes to serve the research needs of the university’s 10,000 students—he described a clear picture of what he wanted the final product to look like and how it would function. The Eaton team attending the session heard Dobish’s top priorities: a sustainable lighting system that reduces energy use, and contemporary-style pendant fixtures. The lighting upgrade included the first
floor study area and stacks. Previously, these areas were lit by 500 ceilingmounted fluorescent fixtures, with oneway down facing directional output, using 37,160 watts. Eaton’s representatives demonstrated to Dobish the benefits of direct/indirect LED fixture output, citing the advantage of utilizing reflected light from the room’s ceiling. Dobish and his staff weighed the options, and agreed on a fixture from Eaton’s Neo-Ray Index line. The final installation plan allowed for 100 fixtures that would operate on a total of 5,170 watts, an approximate 75% reduction. The fixtures were specified with adjustable optical panels for flexibility should the furniture arrangement be changed. Following the installation of the new lighting system, Gumberg librarians reported an increase in the number of students who frequented the facility for study and access to references. Other areas in the building in which LED upgrades were completed include offices and hallways.
MARKED IMPROVEMENT Librarians report an increase in the number of students who now frequent the facility for study or access to reference material.
LIGHT LIGHT EMITTING DREAMS Awaken your imagination with Lumascape precision engineered LED lighting solutions. Design. Create. Illuminate. www.lumascape.com
LUMASCAPE Circle 09
1510SSLTAF01.indd 23
10/14/15 10:42
TOPICS AT THE FRONT
Taubman Health Sciences Library Ann Arbor, Mich. Lighting Design: The Lighting Practice Architect: TMP Architecture Photos: Courtesy, University of Michigan
24 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLTAF01.indd 24
The $55 million renovation of the Taubman Health Sciences Library at the University of Michigan has computers, classrooms, collaborative spaces, and a virtual cadaver. There are, however, no books in the stacks as there are no stacks. There are no librarians either: they are now called “informationists.”
Books that were moved off-site are digitally accessible by faculty and students, with hard-copies available by request. TMP Architecture designed the renovation project, with lighting by The Lighting Practice. “The project is a combination of LED sources with linear fluorescent and CFL,” says Emad Hasan of The Lighting Practice. Daylighting from large expanses of windows, some double-height, illuminates study areas and socializing spaces.
EFFICIENT INTERACTION In the study lounge (top), and Collaboration Lab (center), linear LED cove lighting was used in concert with preset controls (Lutron’s Grafik Eye system). In open seating areas, recessed 2000 lumen 36W LED downlights provide general illumination; two sizes of decorative spherical pendants have 29W or 36W lamps and are controlled with occupancy sensors.
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 12:53
TOPICS AT THE FRONT
Zurich University of Applied Sciences Library Winterthur, Switzerland Lighting Design: Llichtestaltende Ingenieure Vogtpartner Architect: P&B Partner Architekten AG Photos: Courtesy, Tridonic
To create the largest university library in the German-speaking world at 65,000 sq. ft,. five existing libraries operated by the Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) came together at the site of the former Swiss Locomotive and Machine Factory in Winterthur, outside the city. Based on plans developed by P&B Partner Architekten, the c.1930 building was reconfigured to accommodate more than 120,000 media items, a computerized self-service borrow/return system, 700 workstations, training rooms, and a cafeteria. With a three-story, 36-ft.-high main hall, the design team, which included lighting designers Llichtestaltende Ingenieure Vogtpartner, had to consider requirements of working within historically listed building regulations. The original riveted steel upright and crossbeam construction along with the old crane tracks are still visible in place, part of the adaptive reuse guidelines. Vogtpartner’s lighting solution was to illuminate the space high from above with powerful luminaires that would coordinate visually with the industrial environment: 400 custom luminaires produced by Fluora Leuchten with components from Tridonic were specified. The classically shaped body has a cylindrical top and a parabolic shade.•
LIGHT FROM ABOVE Powering the highly suspended luminaires are Tridonic’s TALEX FLE LED modules. For other moderate height spaces, GEN3 modules, applicable for spotlights and downlights, were specified; both were fitted with a fan for active cooling.
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLTAF01.indd 25
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 25
10/13/15 12:53
F§ATUR§D PRoj§Ct
Citadel of Bonifacio Bonifacio, Corsica
A Ladder of Light
Contracting Authority: City of Bonifacio, Corsica Lighting Designer: L’Agencelumière, La Blache, France Installer: Santini Company LED lighting solutions: LEC Lyons Lighting scenario programming company: Lumières Utiles Text: Jim Crockett Photos: Xavier Boymond The Challenge: Illuminate an ancient structure never intended for electric lighting in a way that’s not only functionally sound, but that gives the fortess a new purpose—an interactive beacon for nighttime visitors. The Solution: Lighting designer L’Agencelumière had a specific vision of what the project would entail: a series of interactive lighting effects that would essentially serve as a “ladder of light” to guide visitors to the fortress’ top. They needed a source that was powerful, robust, and could be creatively controlled for color and other lighting effects. Unfortunately, a fixture to this effect did not exist. As a result, L’Agencelumière worked with LEC Lyon to create a custom luminaire which would become the workhorse of the project—the 4660 Corsica wall washer, a cast-aluminum, highly efficient fixture that enhances the various geographical and architectural faces of the fortress in an extremely precise manner. Some 200 custom luminaires make the line of light a reality.
26 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLFEA01.indd 26
Formerly dubbed “Calcosalto” for
As if this wasn’t enough reason to
its memorable chalk and limestone
visit, the citadel now glows at night
cliffs, the historic town of Bonifa-
with a lighting program designed
cio, in southern Corsica, has always
specifically for tourists to experi-
been a unique and exceptional
ence the medieval fortress at night
location with roots harkening back
and “live light” in various points of
to the Romans. Even before that,
the route.
it housed the burial tomb of the
Following 10 months of tests
“Lady of Bonifacio,” which has been
and experimentation, the vision of
carbon-dated to about 6570 B.C.
lighting designers L’Agencelumière
Of course, there’s also the citadel
was realized this past summer
which looms large over the city.
when the designers unveiled a
LINE OF LIGHT
To secure the path leading to the upper town, a bespoke lighting system powered by a compact cast-aluminium bollard, was installed on the inner side of the pathway. It spreads a perpendicular white light line to the path, giving rhythm to the pathway.
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 13:01
sive. And for this monumental
the Saint-Roch Hill and its chapel,
“ladder of light”—that takes visi-
was based on the idea of trans-
grazing and wall washing effort,
the Porte de Gênes, the Bastion de
tors from the upper town to the
forming “ordinary” visitors into
L’Agencelumière turned to French
L’Etendard, and the Sutta Rocca
citadel through a series of “sensory
“actors of one’s own experiment of
manufacturer LEC Lyon to help
cliff. What’s novel about the projec-
experiments.”
the site.”
custom-create LED projectors that
tors, according to LEC, is that they
would strategically illuminate key
create a new tri-dimensional effect
unique light route—essentially a
“This project was born with the
According to Legois, the design
Régis Clouzet, founder of
will to create a modern lighting ex-
L’Agencelumière, adds the goal of
sections of the citadel’s walls and
that is also energy efficient, con-
perience that gives new life to the
the project is to generate links “be-
cliffs. Specifically, 200 of the appro-
suming only 0.2 watts per sq. m.
fortress while revealing the wealth
tween history and modernity, the
priately named 4660-Corsica wall-
Working with L’Agencelumière on
of materials along its walls,” says
Mediterranean Sea and the upper
washing projectors help enhance
its design, the custom fixture al-
Stéphan Legois, an architect with
city, the bastion and its visitors.”
all the geographical and architec-
lows uniform coverage of huge sur-
L’Agencelumière.
The project is certainly impres-
tural faces of the site, including
faces, such as the 50-m-high Sutta
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLFEA01.indd 27
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 27
10/13/15 13:01
Rocca cliff, and the 30-m-high bas-
lightning conductor because the
from the ground to walls’ height,
tion. Equipped with 42 Superwatt
area is frequently hit by severe
surfaces can be covered in one of
LEDs, the “Corsica” wall-washers
thunder storms.
four colors. For maximum visitor
can illuminate in any of four colors:
comfort, all in-ground projec-
red/green/warm white 3000K/king
The Saint-Roch Hill
tors are equipped with a flow-cut
blue. A total 78 projectors cover the
One of the highlights of the experi-
which prevent pilgrims from being
height of the citadel’s walls and its
ence is the “light thread” which
blinded by glare. All luminaires are
related structures. Each projector
takes visitors to the Porte de Gênes
individually adjusted and sepa-
is independently DMX controlled
above—a still-operating draw-
rately controlled by a DMX tool
according to a defined light sce-
bridge dating back to 1598 that
system. Mini 1750A-Bourgogne LED
nario designed by L’Agencelumière.
was the only way into the fortress
spotlights illuminate the pathway,
until 1854. It’s reached on foot by
creating the impression of “a lad-
include a bespoke 360° revolving
Other notable luminaire features
a path up the Saint-Roch Hill. To
der of light.” L’Agencelumière vi-
telescoping aluminum arm; a ± 60°
reveal the architectural beauty of
sion was to symbolize an in-ground
revolving LED block that allows
the inner citadel’s walls, 44 linear
luminous rectangle. At dusk, the
aiming to the closest degree, and
fixtures of various length—LEC’s
rectangle’s outlines appear on
an IP67 cast-aluminum body that
5760-Passy—are installed along the
the ground. Onlookers become
includes a double-lock hub. Each
way. Thanks to specific optics that
participatory “actors” when they
projector is also equipped with a
allow a more accurate rendering
cross this virtual door located half-
28 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLFEA01.indd 28
LOCKED IN EFFICIENCY The cast aluminum fixture features a 360 degree rotating head with a revolving LED block that includes a double-lock hub for aiming to the closest degree desired. Each fixture only consumes 0.2 watts per sq. m.
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 13:01
LADDER OF LIGHT The designer wanted to symbolize an in-ground luminous rectangle. At dusk, the rectangle’s outlines appear on the ground. The onlooker then becomes “an actor” when he or she crosses this virtual door located half-way up the hill.
way up the hill. The luminaires’ programming gently give life to this particular space as it is set on a light heart beat. This effect is achieved with LEC’s 5620-Brunei LED linears. Equipped with 120 LEDs per meter the fixtures create a monochromatic effect in cold white light that enable users to “live light” in various points of the route.
Saint-Roch Chapel At the top of the climb, pilgrims find the chapel, which benefits from a harmonious up-lighting scheme also achieved thanks to the in-ground recessed 5760-Passy projectors. Two small 4020-Luminy 2 projectors and one 5635-Ligny light bar add emphasis to the bell tower and the inner volume of the area which is opened to sky. From the city’s perspective, the project has been a complete success. According to Nicole Serra, the mayor’s first deputy, and Chrystelle Longuet, technical services director for the city, the main objective of the project was to enhance the town’s heritage. “The new lighting brings added value to the natural
“THIS PROJECT WAS BORN WITH THE WILL TO CREATE A MODERN LIGHTING EXPERIENCE THAT GIVES NEW LIFE TO THE FORTRESS WHILE REVEALING THE WEALTH OF MATERIALS.”
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLFEA01.indd 29
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 29
10/13/15 13:01
beauty of the site, says Serra, who adds the citadel experiences over 1.8 million tourists from April to October. Beyond the sheer volume of illumination required, a number of other constraints had to be addressed. “The citadel is classified as heritage monument and has very specific arrangements,” says Longuet. “For every action, we had to get authorization of the Architects of Buildings of France. Moreover, we had technical constraints—for instance—accessing remote and difficult access areas to provide a power supply network directly in the cliffs.” The city, however, is delighted with the end result—a thread of
UNIFYING FORCE
light where every onlooker become
The project, according to Régis Clouzet, founder of L’Agencelumière, aims to generate links between history and modernity, the Mediterranean Sea and the upper city, the Bastion de L’Etendard, and of course, its visitors.
an actor on the stage.•
CIVILIGHT
LED Diamond Candelabras Combine
Experience Civilight’s dimmable Architectural Series LED Diamond candelabras with their beautiful silver or gold metallic finishes and our state-of-art patented optical design that extends their quality performance over a long lifetime. www.civilight-na.com
Circle 10
1510SSLFEA01.indd 30
Circle 11
10/13/15 13:55
ID+ 4.5â&#x20AC;? Adjustable
delivers the highest center beam candlepower in the industry - 39,000 cd.
ID+ family
2.5"
4.5"
6.0"
The new 4.5â&#x20AC;? adjustable is part of the ID+ family of downlights featuring
8.0" Visit focalpointlights.com for more information.
Circle 12
SSL_ID+FLCS_October2015.indd 1 Untitled-1.indd 6
9/3/15 4:36 PM 10/13/15 09:56
MayaLED Skillful blend of aesthetics & performance Blending sleek aesthetics, optical performance and energy efficiency with a new slim design, the MayaLED family is ideally suited for site and area lighting applications. — New LED platform and silicone optical system for maximum efficiency, performance, reliability and precise distribution. — Increased efficiency and output up to 13,000 lumens. — Type II-III-IV-V light distribution. — 4000K standard color temperature with 3500K and 5000K options. 80 CRI.
luminis.com
Untitled-1.indd 7
|
info@luminis.com
Circle 13
10/13/15 09:56
COLOR-TUNABLE SOURCES MAKE FOR ‘ARTFUL’ ILLUMINATION THE ART INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO Chicago, Illinois
Illuminating great works of art is not a task to be taken lightly, especially at the Art Institute of Chicago, which was ranked as the top museum in the world by the Trip Advisor 2014 Travelers’ Choice Awards. In keeping with the museum’s outstanding reputation for excellence, the lighting designers at Lightswitch Architectural have been working with AIC since early 2014 to develop innovative LED solutions and standards for the museum. “Energy savings was the main goal, but more important was what was discovered—that we could maintain the look of the art for a long period without needing to re-lamp the luminaires,” says Avraham Mor, partner in Lightswitch’s Chicago office, about the quest for integrating cutting-edge LED solutions at the AIC. “So maintenance became the bigger issue as we reviewed all our options.” In exploring LED, Mor says the team found that they could significantly reduce labor costs associated with re-lamping, the cost of replacement lamps, and mistakes that frequently happen during re-lamping, such as improper accidental refocusing, as well as lamp degradation. Work focused on three parts of facility: the Modern Wing, the Japanese Galleries and the soon-to-be redesigned Medievel and Monet galleries—the focus of this article. In the process, Lightswitch discovered a ground-breaking, digital, color-tunable LED lamp that could also be used to retrofit other gallery and exhibit spaces in the future: the PAR38 LED lamp from Ketra.
“
According to Mor, sources that are color tunable are game-changers because it gives the
ABOVE: To find an LED lighting solution for one of the world’s top-rated art museums, Lightswitch
Architectural conducted an extensive series of mock-ups, including lighting Claude Monet’s “Haystacks” paintings with white PAR38 LEDs. The LED lamps were mocked up next to incandescent PAR38s and MR16s and then color tuned to match the traditional sources.
institution’s curators the ability to fine tune the CCT and intensity of each source to complement the color and finish of the art or object being illuminated—all via digital controls. “This is a new approach for museums,” says Mor. “And we spent
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLPRO1_2.indd 33
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 33
10/13/15 13:04
SSLProfile:
THE ART INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO, Chicago, Illinois
THE CHALLENGE: To bring innovative lighting solutions to a world-class museum such as the Art Institute of Chicago (AIC), while meeting the museum’s vigorous quality standards. THE SOLUTION: Lightswitch Architectural worked with the AIC to develop an LED standard that meets its strict quality and performance criteria. This includes the use of color-tunable sources like the PAR38 LED lamp from Ketra. PROJECT CREDITS:
Lighting Design: Lightswitch Architectural Photos: George Lambros Text: Ellen Lampert-Gréaux
COLOR CORRECT By using a wirelessly controlled, individually addressable, color-tunable, 90-plus-CRI LED PAR38 replacement lamp the AIC has been able to enhance the appearance of its artwork in the gallery.
a great deal of time working with the curatorial
installations—we color tuned the Ketra sources
Factoring Flicker
staff at AIC to ensure that the LED sources could
to match the incandescent lamps and then com-
To achieve ideal footcandles, the levels had to
achieve the proper color and effect.”
pared the CRI, illuminance levels and spectral
vary. “A typical range would be 5fc-15fc, but each
power distribution of the sources.”
object type has a different curator and different
Several mock-ups, in fact, were required to match the color between LED sources. The initial
Twenty AIC staff, including art curators and
light level rules,” says Mor. “For example, the
mock-up focused on the museum’s displays of
the museum’s CEO and COO, analyzed the results
Monets have 10fc and the wall beyond has 15fc.
religious paintings and medieval armor. After
and selected the LED option. “There are colors in
But the key with LED sources is providing the
proving successful, Lightswitch arranged a side-
the paintings that appear more ‘correct’ with the
right level of illumination with no flicker.”
by-side mock-up that compared AIC’s existing
LED source. The most vibrant of these have been
sources with its preferred LED option from the
some of the blues and purples. The LED sources
“During mock-ups we found the same product
first trial.
produce an enhanced effect with these colors
flickered in one wing of the building, but not an-
that incandescent lamps just cannot produce,”
other,” Mor points out. “This has caused us to use
Mor notes.
only digital dimming and has rectified the issue
Through detailed research and in-depth testing, the designers found a color-tunable, high-CRI LED source that not only would reduce
The Monet paintings are currently controlled
Yet one continuing challenge is indeed flicker.
of relying on clean power.”
the Art Institute’s energy use and maintenance,
by the most basic control system: a breaker
but will also enable it showcase its art in the best
panel. In this space, Mor says the team installed
count for is intensity. “There is a race to brighter
Another issue Mor says designers must ac-
possible light.
the Ketra PAR38 LED lamps into the existing
and brighter LEDs, but we don’t need them to be
“We illuminated two paintings in Claude
track heads. Using the manufacturer’s Design
brighter in all cases. At times we find sources to
Monet’s ‘Haystacks’ series with PAR38 LED
Studio software, lights were then dimmed and
be too bright, and when dimmed, they do not dim
lamps from Ketra, while the others remained lit
the color was adjusted as needed. “We matched
down low enough!”
by incandescent PAR38s and MR16s,” explains
color of the existing lamps using a Sekonic C-700
Mor. “To ensure the ideal color temperature and
meter, then further adjusted it to the curators’
with SSL sources in the facility, but using them
rendering were achieved—a must for fine art
liking with our eyes,” notes Mor.
judiciously where they make sense•
34 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLPRO1_2.indd 34
Still, Mor plans to continue experimenting
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 13:04
LIGHT DEFINES THE EXPERIENCE Pandora Jewelry, Hereford, UK
Fully adjustable Lumenalpha Multi downlights provide true color fidelity and sparkle at Pandora Jewelry, all while reducing energy usage and costs.
www.lumenpulse.com Circle 14
Untitled-1.indd 8 LP_LumenalphaPub_SSL_09-2015.indd 1
10/13/15 09:56 2015-09-23 11:34 AM
A True Inspiration... With
improved
BKSSL®
technology,
the
As seen at
robust
Tenaya2® Series outdoes itself with increased lumen output of 7725 source lumens and standard dimming (10-100%). Featuring modular LEDs, Drivers and Accessories for quick adaptations and future in field maintenance. It’s truly inspirational!
.com Circle 15
ANOTHER PERSON’S DARK SPACE IS OUR BLANK CANVAS. AN IALD PROFESSIONAL LIGHTING DESIGNER SEES THE POSSIBILITIES IN EVERY ENVIRONMENT. LEARN HOW AN IALD LIGHTING DESIGNER CAN TURN YOUR VISION INTO REALITY. VISIT IALD.ORG AND CLICK ON "FIND A LIGHTING DESIGNER" TO REFINE YOUR SEARCH.
PUBLIC PASSAGE | MUNICH, GERMANY | LIGHTING DESIGN, PFARRÉ LIGHTING DESIGN | © ANDREAS J. FOCKE
Untitled-1.indd 12
10/13/15 09:56
BRIGHT LIGHTS GIVE CITY, RIVERSIDE A REVITALIZED NIGHTTIME PRESENCE SOUTH BEND RIVER LIGHTS South Bend, Indiana
The St. Joseph River in South Bend, Ind., is now a beautifully illuminated urban destination thanks to an iconic civic art project that used colorchanging LEDs to revitalize a site that is pretty by day but desolate at night. Lighting designer/ light artist Rob Shakespeare of Bloomington, Ind., created Sound Bend River Lights, a permanent, interactive lighting installation, which opened with fanfare and fireworks in May as part of the city’s 150th anniversary celebration. “One of the members of the Sound Bend tourist bureau has children at Indiana University, where I designed an earlier installation, ‘Light Totem,’” says Shakespeare. “He contacted me about a great site that was dangerous at night, which he wanted to make into a popular destination.” Fund-raising efforts began in 2012. “The site is fantastic. The convention center and art museum are on one side, with the other side under urban renewal, condos are going in where there were factories, and there are open spaces ear marked for development. But it was dreadful at night,” Shakespeare concurs, noting that the river is as wide as 250 ft. at some points. “You can see how the river has been shaped by over 100 years of industry,” he adds. “There is also sound to it. We wanted to retain the natural flow of the water, and weave a lighting show into it to create a feature attraction.” With majestic cascades falling at a 30° angle at a height of 25 ft., not far from the arches of the Jefferson Bridge, the river creates a kinetic canvas for the light. Shakespeare added two interactive sculptures, “Trio” and “Forest,” to unite
ABOVE: Designed by Rob Shakespeare of Bloomington, Ind., Sound Bend River Lights is a permanent,
interactive light installation that has transformed a desolate site along the banks of the St. Joseph River into a safe, engaging nighttime destination. Shakespeare create three interactive light sculptures, “Trio,” “Forest” and “Crescent” that respond to visitors’ movements or reveal the surrounding natural environment.
the two sides of the river with light. “Trio,” the first of the sculptures, comprises three freestanding aluminum light towers at various heights (22 ft., 27 ft., 32 ft.) and is constructed of custom Tomcat truss. These towers
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLPRO2_2.indd 37
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 37
10/15/15 09:29
SSLProfile:
SOUTH BEND RIVER LIGHTS, South Bend, Indiana
THE CHALLENGE: The city of South Bend, Ind., wanted to create a safe place along the banks of the St. Joseph River by improving the ambiance of a desolate area at night. One side of the river houses the convention center and art museum, while the other is undergoing urban revitalization. The challenge was creating a vibrant, safe destination that would attract visitors after sundown. THE SOLUTION: As part of the city’s 150th anniversary, a civic art and urban-renewal project called South Bend River Lights added nine light sculptures to the site. Eight of these are interactive towers and the ninth illuminates the 250-ft.-wide whitewater cascades. A 500-ft. bridge provides the backdrop, with additional lighting under the arches that adds a layer of reflected light off the water. The site is now a major attraction for city residents and visitors. PROJECT CREDITS:
Lighting Design: Rob Shakespeare
CITY OF LIGHTS “This is a very civic-minded project,” says designer Rob Shakespeare. “The program can be changed instantly by the city via a phone app,” he explains. “For Notre Dame games, the river can turn blue and gold; for the 4th of July, red white and blue.”
Photos: courtesy of Downtown South Bend Inc. Text: Ellen Lampert-Gréaux
are self-illuminated with a series of Lumenpulse
the people on the other side move their arms as
to light the under arch surface and reflect light
DMX-controlled LED fixtures. The fixtures point
if catching the light, there is a rainbow effect and
off the water, taking advantage of potential ki-
up and down every 5 ft. along the brushed alu-
a big volley of light, if the people want to play the
netic water reflections and the downstream mir-
minum towers, which are very responsive to the
game.”
ror effects,” says Shakespeare, who points out
lights. The narrow beams illuminate a sculpture
The third element is called “Crescent,” a
that several layers of engineering were required
that was already positioned in the cascades,
45-ft.-wide aluminum horizontal arc structure
to complete this. “The fixtures are attached to
but was invisible at night. It now glows under
custom-made by Tomcat. This is illuminated by
the bridge using stainless steel unistruts, with
the light of seven 26°, 60-watt LBL Lumenpulse
14 270-watt RGB Color Reach fixtures and five
two rows under each arch of the bridge, and
floodlights—as well as spots from the towers—
30-watt ColorBurst RGB luminaires from Philips
mounted via scaffolding on a barge.”
adding to the overall impact of the work.
ColorKinetics, each lighting the cascades every
On the other side of the river, which Shakespeare refers to as “more playful than formal,”
five degrees. “We studied the site to find the ideal locations
The installation is managed by a Pharos control system that can be accessed remotely via computer, allowing the city to easily select
the sculpture called “Forest” is also crafted from
for light to fan out and light the entire cascade
different color schemes to coordinate with lo-
five freestanding towers (17 ft., 19 ft., two at 23
from above,” recalls Shakespeare. “The Color-
cal events. “And for other holidays and special
ft., and 27 ft. tall) and five powder-coated steel
Reaches are the most powerful, very narrow
events, even large conventions, custom color
“trunks” that sit at 3 ft., 4 ft., 5 ft., 6 ft. and 7 ft.
RGB luminaires I could identify that would stand
combinations can be dialed in,” adds Shake-
above grade to evoke the look of trees. These
up to the elements.”
speare.
are lit by Lumenpulse LED fixtures as well. “The
The final part of the project was the lighting
With 15,000 people attending the opening,
towers on either side of the cascades are interac-
of the bridge, which spans the river with four
River Lights was immediately embraced by the
tive,” explains Shakespeare. “When there are two
120-ft.-long x 20-ft.-high elliptical arches, and
community and has been hailed as an important
or three people on either side, the towers light
creates a long elegant backdrop to the entire
turning point in the revitalization of the city of
up in a color and shoot across the cascades. If
installation. “I explored lighting under the bridge
South Bend.•
38 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLPRO2_2.indd 38
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 13:10
Code-required testing
made easy Philips Emergency Lighting introduces new self-testing, self-diagnostic emergency LED drivers: the Philips Bodine BSL310LPST for linear LED strip ďŹ xtures and BSL17C-C2ST for LED downlight applications. These drivers test automatically for 30 seconds monthly and 90 minutes annually. UL Component Recognized
Visit us at bit.ly/newST-ASSL
Circle 16
LIGHT YEARS AHEAD LEDs provide brighter, longer lasting and energy efficient solutions for connected lighting. TE Connectivity (TE) offers LED lighting manufacturers ground-breaking connectivity solutions for high brightness LEDs, innovative COB holders, ESD protection, driver protection and circuit protection devices designed to be your solution for LED applications. See how TE is helping LED lighting designers maximize the potential of modern lighting systems at te.com Š2015 TE Connectivity Ltd. All Rights Reserved. EVERY CONNECTION COUNTS, TE, TE Connectivity and the TE connectivity (logo) are trademarks of the TE Connectivity Ltd. family of companies.
EVERY CONNECTION COUNTS Circle 17 TE-IB_OfficeLighting_ArchSSL_HP_8p5x4p875_C01B.indd 1
Untitled-1.indd 13
8/26/15 2:33 PM
10/13/15 09:57
By Kevin Willmorth, Editor
Recommended ‘Colorful’ Reading Three new guidelines on evaluating the color of light are ‘must reads’ for anyone concerned about white light color rendering
For anyone involved with deployment and application of lighting,
not match CRI values of existing sources, nor can the two be compared
staying current with the pace of change in standards of practice
or considered relative to one another—other than the broadest general
is critical. While this was relatively simple prior to the infusion of
sense. An Rf index value of 100 indicates that a light source matches
solid-state lighting, the rate of change has accelerated significantly,
the reference CCT source exactly across the 99 CES set.
accompanied by the growth in basic lighting application knowledge. These forces come together through numerous background
As far as reading the Gamma Index, a source with an Rg index value of 100 means the source does not increase or decrease saturation
activities taking place to re-set recommended practices and define
(chroma) compared to the reference source. However, unlike the
performance metrics being completed by the IES, ANSI and NEMA.
Fidelity Index, an Rg value may exceed 100, indicating an increase in
The results of this work are published in several forms, including
color saturation (on average), while a value less than 100 indicates a
standards, technical memos and recommended practice documents.
decrease in average saturation.
Following are must-reads to anyone involved and concerned with white light color rendering as it applies to solid-state lighting products,
An Optional Method for Adjusting the Recommended Illuminance
deployment of the technology, or in practical application.
for Visually Demanding Tasks Within IES Illuminance Categories P through Y Based on Light Source Spectrum
IES Method for Evaluating Light Source Color Rendition
Recognizing the effect light source SPD (Spectral Power Distribution)
Recognizing the shortcoming of CRI, TM-30 redresses the issue of
has on pupal size and resulting visual performance, particularly at task
color rendition with a more robust approach that leads to a significant improvement in the definition of source behavior. While just approved on May 18 of this year, this document will be the center of discussion as far as considering new metrics for lighting customers to use in evaluating product choices. Unlike CRI, which uses only 14 samples—where the first eight averaged for an Ra single numeric rating—this new method described uses a 99 Color Evaluation Sample (CES) set, selected from more than 100,000 identified possible
Rather than a single numeric value for CRI, IES’ TM-30 method uses a 99 Color Evaluation Sample set selected from more than 100,000 identified possible choices to compare a light source to a reference standard, addressing a number of weaknesses of simple CRI.
choices, to compare a light source to a reference standard. While the reference standard remains founded on a matching of CCT to the test sample, TM-30 addresses the weakness of CRI at CCT’s over 4500K by including both Planckian (<4500K) and CIE Daylight references
lighting levels, this method describes the potential for applying this
(>5500K), as well as blended references (>4500K, <5500K) to create a
effect, through application of high CCT light sources, to reduce total
more robust foundation.
light energy, while maintaining high visual performance.
Another interesting change proposed in the document is how CRI, has been well documented as flawed and overly simplistic, the new
ANSI ANSLG C78.377-2011 Specifications for the Chromaticity of Solid State Lighting Products
method produces two new index values: “Rf” represents the Fidelity
is a standard that establishes the foundation for the basis of
Index, which represents how accurately the subject source matches
establishing expectations of performance of light source color delivery.
that of the reference source of the same CCT; The second value is “Rg”
This includes establishing ANSI bins around a 7-step MacAdam ellipses,
or Gamma Index, which indicates the effect of color saturation a light
their center point and position relative to the 1931 CIE (x,y) and 1976
source imposes on the CES set.
CIE (u’,v’) chromaticity diagrams and Planckian reference. Further, this
itself, is defined. Rather than the single numeric value of CRI, which
While still an averaged value, the fact that the Fidelity Index
specification defines the acceptable variation in CCT from the Nominal
includes a significantly larger sample set creates little or no
CCT baseline (tolerance and deviation from u’v’), and reference to the
opportunity for “cooking” light source color output by focusing on
current CIE 13.3 standard for calculating CRI (Ra) in use at the time
simply creating high values in the smaller eight samples used to
of publication. This specification will likely be updated to reflect new
produce high CRI results. For this reason, the Fidelity Index will likely
color performance standards development in the near future.•
40 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLWPS.indd 40
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 13:11
By Kevin Willmorth, Editor
LED Products Can Operate Without Heat Sinks It’s the exception, rather than the norm, but there are instances where you can avoid the need for a bulky heat sink
Unlike early misconceptions, where, because heat was not being
surface area. Using the aforementioned example, the power density
emitted from the source like an incandescent bulb, the thought was
of the 500 lumen, 65lm/W, 7.7W (22V/350mA) source would be 0.02
that LEDs don’t generate heat, they do—often times a significant
sq. in. per watt, or 50W per sq. in. This will produce an unacceptable
amount—and this heat must be conducted away from the LED die into
temperature rise without control, leading to an outright failure of the
a proper thermal path that dissipates that heat at the rate generated.
light source in a very short period of time.
That said, innovation in product design does allow for creativity in avoiding the need for a traditional, and often bulky heat sink. The general rule is that an exposed thermally conductive surface of
Spread it Out If that same light output were created using 100 2MM square LEDs, at
between 5 and 10 sq. in. per watt is sufficient for passive systems with
115 lm/W, for a total of 4.3W (each LED operating at 3V/143mA) that
modest air movement. There are other factors of thermal resistance
are also spread apart from one another on 0.75-in. centers over the
between the LED and this surface, however, that also play a role in how
surface of a simple copper clad PCB (on a 10 x 10 grid), the surface
much temperature rise there will be in actual operation. Regardless of
area of the circuit board would be 144 sq. in., which is three times the
the type of heat sink, be it an extruded fixture housing, or simple strip
27.6 sq. in. calculated—this falls within the estimated 5-10 sq. in. per
of metal, moving heat from LEDs is critical to maintain lumen output
watt requirement. In this case, the circuit board itself may provide
and produce long service life.
adequate thermal conduction and dissipation to operate the LEDs at a reasonable temperature. This is the basis for many emerging sheetmesh LED arrays entering the market, as well as tape lighting products
The question of whether LEDs require specific external heat sink component depends on the LED construction, how they are laid out, how many are being used, and what they are mounted to. If large enough, the circuit board itself may prove an adequate measure.
and LED strips in low power operation.
It’s All About the Package The critical factor in LED arrays lies in the construction of the LED packages themselves. LEDs with plastic cases that have no thermally conductive path to their mounting surface (circuit board) to reduce costs, appear to operate at a low temperature. However, a lower external temperature from a lack of thermal path hides the underlying
Further, thermal management must include consideration of ambient
high operating temperature of the LED die inside, so cannot be
temperatures and available air movement. Thermal calculations
operated at higher currents (restricted to very low output decorative
are stated as rise above ambient, meaning that an LED generating a
or indicator applications). Misapplication of these sources leads
46ºC rise over and ambient of 25ºC will be running at 71ºC. That same
to shortened service life, color shift from over-heating, and loss of
product operating in an elevated 40ºC environment will see the LED
efficacy.
temperature at 86ºC. This will produce lower operating lumens and reduced LED life. As the efficacy of LEDs increases, the power required to generate
Higher quality ceramic LED packages with proper thermal connections—small pads on the back surface to bond to the circuit board traces—dissipate heat from the LED die inside, increasing the
a certain amount of light decreases. For example, 500 lumens at 65
power handling potential of them as general illumination light sources.
lm/W consumes 7.7W of energy, which must be moved away from the
Arrays of high efficiency LEDs operated at modest currents, properly
die to maintain a proper operating temperature. Using 10 sq. in. per
connected to circuit boards with an appropriate amount of thermally
watt, a total area of 77 sq. in. of surface area must be used to dissipate
conductive surface area can indeed be operated without any other
that energy. At 115 lm/W the power required to generate the same 500
thermal management features. These include sheet array products,
lumens is reduced to 4.3W, or between 21 and 43 sq. in. of surface area.
such as those offered by Cooledge and Lumafilm from Heilux, as well
The question of whether LEDs require specific external heat sink
as quality strip and tape lighting. However, low-grade import products
component depends on the LED construction, how they are laid out,
utilizing low-cost LEDs should be avoided, as their seemingly cool
how many are being used, and what they are mounted to. A small LED
external temperature conceals the presence of over-heating LEDs
source—say one that is 3MM square in total—has only 0.14 sq. in. of
themselves, leading to disappointing results.•
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLWPS.indd 41
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 41
10/13/15 13:11
Product Introductions
Efficiency Makeover The Litetronics 1’×4’ LED Retrofit can convert existing T8 and T12 linear fluorescent troffers, strip lights and wraps to line-voltage LED fixtures, often in less than five minutes. The self-contained, onepiece units pop into existing housings after removal of fluorescent lamps, ballast covers and ballasts. Visit www.litetronics.com or Circle 291.
“Libraries are using space as a means of responding to the culture of their communities, while at the same time cutting operating costs, in some cases via efficient lighting, to fund the services that continue to make them a symbol of learning.”
1 Custom Solutions As part of its System Solutions service, Precision Architectural Lighting offers custom-engineered LED solutions, such as this continuous fixture created for Ziegler Cooper Architects, which was based off the company’s Microlinea Series 3 recessed and suspended luminaires. Visit www.PAL-lighting.com or Circle 292.
2 Small, But Mighty Cree XHP35 LEDs set a new performance standard for 3.5mm products, delivering up to 1,833 lumens, thanks to a new 12V monolithic power die that enables operation at drive currents at or less than 1A. Visit www.cree.com or Circle 293.
3 For Emergency Applications Two new options for adding emergency-power performance to luminaires are available from Iota Engineering: the ILB-CP10-L features an open circuit board with an external battery-pack assembly; the ILB-CP10-LC features a slim-profile driver electronics that connects to an external battery assembly. Visit www.iotaengineering.com or Circle 294.
42 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLADV.indd 42
www.architecturalssl.com
10/15/15 09:51
Product Introductions
From the Ground, Up Accadia in-ground luminaires from HessAmerica feature an advanced reflector system that enables uniform illumination of vertical surfaces for highlighting building façades and architectural features. The optical system can be field-adjusted in 10-degree increments, from -10° to -20°or factory-set to a desired angle. Three lengths and three color temperatures are available, along with 9- and 12-in.diameter round models. Visit www.hessamerica.com or Circle 295.
“There is a race to brighter and brighter LEDs, but we don’t need them to be brighter in all cases. At times we find sources to be too bright, and when dimmed, they do not dim down low enough!”
4 Stands Up to Hazards The new line of Access Fixtures Noribachi LED Hazardous Solutions fixtures includes high-bay and floodlight fixtures all rated to withstand flammable gases, vapors, dust and other hazardous conditions. Visit www.accessfixtures.com or Circle 296.
5 High-Wattage Replacements Halco Lighting’s LED Floodlight Series offers replacement options for 100W, 175W and 400W high-intensity discharge fixtures that are up to 80% more efficient and longer-lived. Both a voltagesensing 100V-277V dimmable driver and 0-10V dimming are standard. Visit www.halcolighting.com or Circle 297.
6 It’s Magic A new range of Plessey LED die promises highbrightness performance for applications including use in high-bay, streetlight and floodlight fixtures. MaGIC LED die are manufactured using a patented GaN-onSilicon technology and are offered in number of different wavelengths. Visit plesseysemiconductors.com or Circle 298.
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLADV.indd 43
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 43
10/13/15 14:41
Product Introductions
Park It Lighting can comprise up to 60% of a typical parking garage’s utility bill, so the new 60-watt Orbeon LED fixture from Beacon Products offers owners an opportunity for significant operational savings. Replacing high-intensity discharge fixtures that can draw up to 175 watts, the Orbeon can be easily mounted to an overhead junction box and can be outfitted with optional Beaconnect Lighting Control for even greater potential energy savings. Visit www.beaconproducts.com or Circle 299.
“The time is now for bringing a new level of sophistication to integration of the sun into lighting system design, coupled with controls of artificial and natural light in concert.”
1 Flex It Sold in 32-ft.-long tubes, Flex Tube SE is a sideemitting, outdoor-rated flexible LED tube that can bend to a diameter as small as 4.8 in. Specifiers can choose from four color temperatures, along with red, green, blue and RGB color outputs. Visit www.acclaimlighting.com or Circle 300.
2 Wireless Flexibility With no wires and a design enabling battery life of up to 10 years, this new dual-loop photosensor from Crestron incorporates two photocells—one for daylight, the other for ambient light sensing—and connects wirelessly with the control system. Visit www.crestron.com or Circle 301.
3 High-Performing Replacements Civilight commercial LED BR30 (shown here) and BR40 lamps replace 65- and 75-watt incandescent products, while using just 12 and 14 watts, respectively, and also deliver a color-rendering index of 93. The lamps are offered in color temperatures of 2700K and 3000K, for use in a range of commercial, hospitality and residential applications. Visit www.civilight-na.com or Circle 302.
44 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLADV.indd 44
www.architecturalssl.com
10/15/15 09:51
Product Introductions
Bright Thinking The Progress Lighting 12-watt, 1000 lumen P8071 downlight offers illumination equivalent to a 75watt PAR30 fixture at an economical price point. Designed for use in both retrofit and new construction applications, the fixtures are Energy Star qualified and California Title 24 compliant when used with the companion P87-LED housing. Visit www.progresslighting.com or Circle 303.
Arrays of LEDs operated at modest currents, with an appropriate amount of thermally conductive surface area can indeed be operated without any other thermal management features.
4 Compact Powerhouse ProFlex 14 from Illumitex is the most compact member of its series of architectural flood lights, but it delivers up to 8,800 lumens at a color temperature of 5700K. The fixtures are field-configurable for horizontal to vertical distribution. Visit www.illumitex.com or Circle 304.
5 Like a Hawk In a patent-pending design, WAC Lighting’s Hawk exterior luminaires feature a factory-sealed housing that protects the light engine against water and dust intrusion. The line-voltage fixtures are available in 3000K and 5000K color temperatures and two lumen packages. Visit www.waclighting.com or Circle 305.
6 With a Bullet All die-cast aluminum construction helps the Rubicon floodlight from Intense Lighting stand up to a range of harsh environmental conditions—but the fixture also is offered with a range of accessories that make it adaptable to an equally wide variety of design needs. Visit www.intenselighting.com or Circle 306.
www.architecturalssl.com
1510SSLADV.indd 45
ARCHITECTURAL SSL • 10.15 • 45
10/13/15 14:41
ADV§RTIS§R
∆§BSIT§
CIRCL§ ∑UµB§R
PAg§ ∑UµB§R
ACCESS LIGHTING
www.accesslighting.com
Circle 18
46
AMERLUX
www.amerlux.com
Circle 03
04
ARCHITECTURAL AREA LIGHTING
www.aal.net
Circle 01
IFC
B-K LIGHTING
www.bklighting.com
Circle 15
36
BODINE / PHILIPS
www.bodine.com
Circle 16
39
CIVILIGHT
www.civilight.com
Circle 11
30
EATON
www.eaton.com/lighting
Circle 02
01
FOCAL POINT
www.focalpointlights.com
Circle 12
31
IALD
www.iald.org
—
36
INTENSE LIGHTING
www.intenselighting.com
Circle 08
13
IOTA ENGINEERING
www.iotaengineering.com
Circle 10
30
KIM LIGHTING / HUBBELL
www.kimlighting.com
Circle 20
BC
LF ILLUMINATION
www.lfillumination.com
Circle 04
06
LUMASCAPE
www.lumascape.com
Circle 09
23
LUMENPULSE
www.lumenpulse.com
Circle 14
35
LUMINIS
www.luminis.com
Circle 13
32
SELUX
www.selux.us
Circle 07
11
STERNBERG VINTAGE LIGHTING
www.sternberglighting.com
Circle 05
09
TE CONNECTIVITY
www.te.com
Circle 17
39
THE CONTINUING ARCHITECT
www.thecontinuingarchitect.com
—
47
VISTA ARCHITECTURAL LIGHTING
www.vistapro.com
Circle 06
10
WAC LIGHTING
www.waclighting.com
Circle 19
IBC
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
AVIATOR SERIES soar to new heights with solid-state LED technology
NEXT ISSUE: Next time we see you (February 2016) we’ll have a couple of changes for you: First and foremost, we’re pushing our annual Product Innovation Awards to the summer. Second, we’ll be introducing a new, more forum-style feature, in this case, a sort of “Shark Tanks.” No, we won’t be giving out money for pieces of your respective businesses, but we will be assembling a panel of top guns who will discuss what’s driving SSL today, including what gets investors excited to put up money for SSL development. On a more traditional front, we’ll take a look at how SSL is being applied in lobby and entrance areas of buildings.
[Regarding your August 2015 LEDinsights column] you are right on the target with fluorescents! The spiral compacts didn’t improve their image, either. In the 1930s, in part of the 16th century Eltham Palace, boyhood home of Henry VIII, an Art Deco apartment was installed for Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Courtauld. It was the finest example of that period in England. The couple had exquisite taste that even extended to the imaginative illumination with the just-introduced fluorescent tubes. The magical lighting enhanced the already superb décor. This unique fluorescent use has never been equaled. I am reminded of the drawbacks of massively promoted, ingenious but not-there-yet LEDs. Problems with dependability, heat, glare, the need to replace the entire expensive lighting system when the light level decreases below what is needed, vulnerability to vibration, temperature, moisture, non-constant voltage/ wattage—suggest that a replacement might eventually emerge with the rapid R & D going on internationally. With your knowledge, I hope you will be the editor of the new publication on this latest disruption, too. Gersil N. Kay, IESNA, AIA/HRC Conservation Ltg. Int’l Ltd., Philadelphia
www.accesslighting.com
Circle 18
1510SSLIDX.indd 46
www.architecturalssl.com
10/13/15 13:22
THE MOST INTERESTING AIA-APPROVED COURSES ON THE INTERNET ARE STREAMING VIDEO Here are some of the latest courses available free on TheContinuingAchitect.com in full HD Video
NFPA 285 Sponsored by Tyvek
Large Format Wall and Floor Tile – Design Challenges and Solutions
Course explains the NFPA test and the design component considerations for compliance.
Larger tile can mean bigger problems on installation and over time, but there are solutions.
Fluid Applied Air Barrier Membranes
Acoustics and Cementitious Wood Fiber Products
This course focuses on fluid applied air barriers which have continued to increase in popularity in recent years.
Good acoustics are a key element of good design. Here’s how wood-based products can help.
Open Cell Spray Foam Insulation in commercial Buildings
Flex Space city: A Tour of Today’s Operable Wall Systems
Build healthier, more efficient commercial buildings, and maintain a low environmental impact.
A fascinating look at how moveable partitions are being used in different building applications.
To view these and the full catalog of high-quality courses, visit TheContinuingArchitect.com today! Courses play on all desktop and mobile devices. Register, enroll and take courses for free.
TheContinuingArchitect.com TC001 Ad_September.indd 1
Untitled-1.indd 9
9/21/15 2:25 PM
10/13/15 09:56
Freestyle Swimming Our Way into the Future back at where we have been, rather than turning
well considered way. They are conserving pre-
forward to look ahead. This backward thinking
cious capital, working from what they know, and
is nothing new; indeed it’s been the force that’s
satisfying their customer’s demands. The best
driven the whole retrofit lamp movement. That
of them absolutely do some time freestyling to
being said, I’ve actually had a change of heart on
explore new frontiers and approaches—this, of
this matter. Don’t get me wrong—I still believe
course, also helps them avoid banging their head
that retrofit lamps short-circuit the deployment
on competitive forces in the way of their future.
of optimized efficiency and unique potential of
This mixed medley approach to navigating the
If one were to swim their way into the future,
solid-state technology—but in the face of the
torrid waters of evolution/revolution makes
it could be accomplished with one of two basic
slow progress being made in creating service-
a lot of sense. Stroking forward, at the cost of
approaches: The backstroke or the Freestyle
able modules for LED products, I have found
existing business and customers, is not as cool
Crawl. The former is comfortable, easy to do, and
that the use of retrofit lamps as a substitute,
as it might sound, so utilizing the backstroke to
affords a great view of where we have been, but
indeed, becomes the de-facto module needed.
make forward progress can be good business.
blinds us to where we are going. The Freestyle
How so, you might ask? High quality retrofit
The trick is in finding the right balance in order
Crawl is more strenuous to do well, and turns us
lamps include driver, optic, and heat sink in a
to achieve the best result. Organizations with a
away from where we’ve been; however, it does
simple, cost-effective package that is replace-
strong backlog of business will likely spend more
allow one to see where they’re going. That said,
able and upgradable. Meanwhile, over the last
time backstroking, while new entries may try to
if backstroking along, and occasionally looking
10 years, there have been numerous “standard”
gain advantage with focus on freestyling.
over one’s shoulder without failing to control
LED modules that have entered the market, then
But swimming should also include splash-
direction, nasty head bashing is still a very real
quickly disappear be they large or small players.
ing around for fun. This means setting aside all
possibility. With freestyle, what is behind is of
In my own experience, I have clients now saddled
rationale for every activity to stop and simply
little importance, so navigating obstacles in
with “replaceable” modules that are no longer
enjoy being in the water—to do a few cannon
one’s path is readily accomplished.
available. The big deal is that in products so
ball splashes just for the fun in it. There have
This realization hit me in a recent visit with
configured that without those modules, end of
been some truly inspired product and design
the manufacturer of a tunable white light prod-
life means a complete fixture replacement—the
accomplishments that have come from play and
uct: Frankly, I was stunned by how advanced
complete opposite of what I was trying to accom-
experimentation. If you’re going to jump into the
technology companies can get so bogged down
plish. So much for all the life-cycle cost analysis
deep end, might as well enjoy just being wet.•
by the past that they’re blind to the future. In
calculations and justification of costs involved.
this case, their standard range of white tunable
So much for freestyling into the future. In this
products was set between incandescent and
case, the obstacles fell from the sky.
Sometimes it seems for SSL to advance, product manufacturers need to let go of the past and dive forward; still it’s not a bad idea to keep the backstroke handy.
cool white fluorescent CCTs. When I asked for
So maybe, like a bit of a calculated break in
a version that was 3000K to 6000K to integrate
a more marathon effort, it’s helpful to use both
ABOUT THE AUTHOR:
white light tuning with daylight cycles, I was
strokes. I work with and know several manufac-
Kevin Willmorth, a lighting expert and fixture designer,
informed this was not on the company’s product
turers who are doing a nice job of blending older
has been instrumental in helping create a vision and
roadmap. This is backstroke gliding, looking
designs with new technology in a measured and
mission statement for Architectural SSL.
48 • 10.15 • ARCHITECTURAL SSL
1510SSLOBS.indd 48
www.architecturalssl.com
10/14/15 10:04
3.5”
Fits in tight spaces with Insulation, HVAC ducts, Sprinkler pipes and Conduit runs
3.5” 35°
waclighting.com
3.5”
Aether™ LED
Trimless
3.5" Shallow IC Downlight Wet location listed Round or Square Trimless or Trimmed Universal Voltage IC-Rated, Airtight
Circle 19 WAC_SSL_Aether_Apr2015.indd 4
Untitled-1.indd 10
9/18/15 1:30 PM
10/13/15 09:56
A r c h e Ty p e X
™
Kim Lighting is proud to announce the new LEAR™ (Light Engine Adjustable Ready) module, a concept that brings unparalleled flexibility to the lighting industry. By incorporating this latest design, Kim Lighting has developed the first outdoor luminaires with independently adjustable LED emitters. We call this concept the Type X distribution. X is whatever you want it to be. • LED modules rotate 355 degrees with 70 degrees
of tilt for maximum flexibility • Create your user defined distribution specific
to your site using AGi32 v16 new feature Design Isolines • Site, flood, wall product options
Infinite adjustability…
http://www.kimlighting.com/typex/ Circle 20
TypeX_SSL_Ad_9-22-15.indd Untitled-1.indd 11 1
9/22/15 10/13/15 10:18 09:56 AM