U N D E RWAT E R
S H E LT E R
RESHAPE THE FORM OF LIFE UNDER THE SEA
GSA MDES INTERIOR DESIGN STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
D O R A / SZU SHIUAN H U A N G
UNDERWATER SHELTER
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General Introduction Ever since the beginning of history, humans have endeavored to overcome the ocean. “The earth rests on water,” said by Thales. It is unimaginable that 71% of the earth is covered in water but humans have only explored 3% of the ocean until now. During the mid-twentieth century, there were more than 60 underwater structures built across the world with an idea of colonizing beneath the watery surfaces. People have illustrated numerous imaginations how humans might inhabit the undersea. Moreover, due to climate change, rising sea levels could affect three times more people by 2050 than previously thought which up to 150 million lives are threatened by then. To face this crisis, Water Architect Koen Olthuis suggested our cities should embrace the water and have a better understanding of the ocean. Underwater living could form a protection shelter for these ecorefugees.
Methodology The methodological tools for this research are the use of archive material (photographs and films), analysis methods covering the theories and studies for underwater living. Along with other case studies and examples, the quantitative result for underwater labs and structures is formed into a comparison, in order to learn from previous research.
Personal Aims This study is about a speculative scenario of an underwater shelter located outside the coast of New York in around 2050. Focused on suggesting a form of living scenario in an imaginary way, this paper questioned of how could people possibly live underwater within 30 years, how ecorefugees might have a temporary home to wait until flood to fade away, What does a day living underwater would be like and What impact does the underwater environment do to human activity. This research is a proposal by a speculative approach created in perspective of interior design, especially supplying the life of eco-refuges. Attempting to speculate the era with more advanced underwater technology and crisis happens to all humans but possibly erase some of the world’s great coastal cities. While underwater living is a new trend of avoiding flooding, how humans adapt themselves in the world like that period of the future.
Conclusion A new form of living mode in the era when numerous eco-refugees will be created due to rising sea levels and storm surges. The connection b e t we e n p e r s o n a l v i ew p o i n t a n d fo r m e r speculations within this study and interactions to future situations. Therefore, created this future underwater interior design including living space, public areas and reveals the idea about people and ecosystems living in harmony.
Analysis The theory of rising sea level with its impact to human society. According to specialty, the observations of New York, the selected site, is facing the increasing chance of 6-foot flood. Ecorefugees as the target group of this study, how they can deal with the rising ocean and flooding in the recent future. Case studies about the underwater structures and theories throughout the past. Thus, it presents personal thoughts for the underwater life and reshapes the space beneath the ocean.
Keywords: Underwater, shelter, speculative design, living interiors, eco-refugee, rising sea level, imaginary creation.
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STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
Abstract
U N D E RWAT E R
S H E LT E R
RESHAPE THE FORM OF LIFE UNDER THE SEA
GSA MDES INTERIOR DESIGN STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT PORTFOLIO AND RESEARCH REPORT
UNDERWATER SHELTER
D O R A / SZU SHIUAN H U A N G
Page 05-12
02
“THE WATER WILL COME”
SEA LEVEL RISE / THE WATER WILL COME / SINKING CITIES / NEW YORK Page 13-20
03
ECO-REFUGEE REFUGEE STATUS,THEIR DILEMMA, DIFFICULTIES / RECENT VICTIMS OF RISING SEA LEVELS Page 21-24
04
EMBRACING THE WATER
DEALING WITH RISING SEA LEVEL / THE POSSIBILITY OF LIVING UNDERWATER Page 25-28
05
UNDERWATER STRUCTURES / CASE STUDIES AQUARIUS REEF BASE / LA CHALUPA / PHIL NUYTTEN Page 29-34
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IDEAS & DEVELOPMENT Page 35-44
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FINAL OUTCOME Page 45-72
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CONCLUSION Page 73-74
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Page 75-78
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INTRODUCTION
01 Introduction
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For years, humans sought to conquer the ocean in all kinds of means. Imaginations for underwater structures have never stopped from discussions throughout the time and reached its peak in midtwentieth century. This attracted me to start my research about an interior space created underwater.
STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN AND OCEAN
U N D E R W A T E R STRUCTURES FROM MIDT W E N T I E T H C E N T U RY
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INSPIRATION: PONYO ON THE CLIFF (FILM) The starting point of this project is from “Ponyo on the Cliff�, the Japanese animated film which I got inspiration from. It was written and directed by Hayao Miyazaki, animated by Studio Ghibli. It shows a fantasy world that illustrates a nursing house underwater in an air dome and poses a possibility of underwater life would be like where the elderly can live and breathe in this underwater structure and with the view of marine animals. The relationship between ocean view and interior is intriguing and astonishing. It also demonstrates an imaginary lab which is situated on the seabed. How the submarine was landed at the exterior of the lab and how they define rooms with vault doors in the interior. Using their own visual language to esplanade about the view of underwater spaces.
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8 STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
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10 STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
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CLIMATE CHANGE / SEA LEVEL RISING / CREATE ECO-REFUGEES
OBJECTIVE
Climate change reforms the habitat for humanity throughout histor y. In recent decades, the impact of human factors on the climate results in the rising temperatures associated with global warming. It causes melting glaciers and ice caps which enhance severe flooding and sea levels rise across the globe. Sea level rising can increase the speed of further shoreline erosion and put some low-lying land completely underwater and uninhabitable forever since. Sea level rises can influence both coastal and island regions, moreover make them become sinking cities or a country been wiped out from the map from then on. However, every human being has the right to live, but for residents on endangered land it is likely that the sea can take that away. More and more people are aware of this ecological crisis. As every individual is a part of the global village, everyone could be impacted by it and therefore become an eco-refugees. Eco-refugees also known as environmental refugees, are people who have been affected by environmental problems and thus can no longer have a secure livelihood in their homelands. According to statistics, 150 million lives are threatened by 2050 due to this crisis. It happens to all humans but possibly erases some of the world’s great coastal cities.
This paper aims on finding a new type of living for eco-refugees that might get impacted in the year of 2050. In order to secure a place to accommodate and also stay close to their hometown, the study is about a speculative scenario of an underwater interior space. An underwater shelter helping eco-refugees to stay in their local areas at the chosen city of New York. According to Climate Central’s Program on Sea Level Rise, New York has approximately 50-80% of 6 foot flood might occur in 2050. The site is located underwater in the epipelagic zone around the coastal area of New York.
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AN UNDERWATER SHELTER A speculative scenario of an underwater
interior
space
Located in the epipelagic zone of coastal areas FOR ECO REFUGEES due to the climate change that causes rising sea levels
TO STAY IN THE LOCAL AREA No other place to accommodate IN NEW YORK, 2050 rising sea levels could affect up to 150 million lives by 2050. When could a 6-foot flood happen to New York? Likelihood by 2050: 50% – 87%
STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
RESEARCH QUESTIONS / OVERVIEW I would argue about how people could possibly live underwater within 30 years? How might eco-refugees have a temporary home to wait until flood to fade away? What does a day living underwater would be like? What impact does the underwater environment do to human activity? In 02, “The water will come”, I would talk about the review of the literature for rising sea levels, about causes and results from a book written by Jeff Goodell, <The Water Will Come: Rising Seas, Sinking Cities, and the Remaking of the Civilized World>. I would describe the point of view from the author, the examples he mentioned from the book and moreover the future scenes of the world from his point of view. In 03, I would have a deeper introduction about the target group of this project, eco-refugees. Who they are, what is their dilemmas and difficulties they face for the sea level rising. And I would talk furthermore about the status they encounter for themselves and sinking homelands. In 04, “Embracing the water”, it mentions the specialists in the field of water architecture and architect-oceanographer. From their theory of how to deal with rising sea levels and discuss about the possibility of living underwater. For 05, “Underwater structures”, is about case studies of underwater structures. Analyzing the
quantitative result for underwater structures is formed into a comparison and puts the essence from the outcome into this practice. 06, “Ideas and development”, I would propose my idea after all the research from previous studies and visualize it into the practical design in 07, “final outcome.” It would contain the result of analysis, my understanding from this project and design and space arrangement. Last but not least, in 08, “Conclusion.” I would discuss how this practice has argued and proven fulfilling my research questions. I Sum up how it can be related to further practice. RESEARCH QUESTIONS How could people possibly live underwater within 30 years? How might eco-refugees have a temporary home to wait until flood to fade away? What does a day living underwater would be like? What impact does the underwater environment do to human activity?
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02. “The water will come”
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Communications, was conducted in a more Sea level rise is one of the major crises caused by accurate way of calculating possibly vanished climate change and it is approaching coastal areas lands by utilizing satellite readings. With greater and might erase some of vulnerable and iconic areas from the new estimation for the effects of cities in the not so distant future. According to sea level rise, there would have more 150 million “Rising Seas Will Erase More Cities by 2050, New people living on the land below the high-tide line Research Shows”, an article on The New York in 2050. From the world’s major vibrant cities to Times, it revealed a recent study about how this traditional island villages, coastal regions will soon climate change phenomenon can pose a threat disappear and hundreds of millions of inhabitants to three times more people than we used to will have to face the situation of losing home. Sea predict. The research, which was produced by https://nyti.ms/2NkOqOQ level rises already cause problems to low-lying Climate Central, a science organization based in coastal lands every now and then. New Jersey, and published inClimate the and journalA Blocked Nature Inquiry Trumpʼs Changes Climate 101 Is Your Hometown Hotter? Newsletter Environment ›
Rising Seas Will Erase More Cities by 2050, New Research Shows By Denise Lu and Christopher Flavelle Oct. 29, 2019
Rising seas could affect three times more people by 2050 than previously thought, according to new research, threatening to all but erase some of the world’s great coastal cities. The authors of a paper published Tuesday developed a more accurate way of calculating land elevation based on satellite readings, a standard way of estimating the effects of sea level rise over large areas, and found that the previous numbers were far too optimistic. The new research shows that some 150 million people are now living on land that will be below the hightide line by midcentury. Land underwater at high tide
Populated area
Old projection for 2050
New projection for 2050
20 MILES
CAMBODIA
Ho Chi Minh City
V I E T N A M
“Rising Seas Will Erase More Cities by 2050, New Research Shows”, an article on The New York Times written by Denise Lu and Christopher Flavelle, on 29th of October, 2019.
CAMBODIA
Ho Chi Minh City
V I E T N A M
South China Sea
Southern Vietnam could all but disappear.
South China Sea
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STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
SEA LEVEL RISE
THE WATER WILL COME The Water Will Come by Jeff Goodell demonstrates vivid primary observations and reports by this acclaimed journalist who visited 12 countries and brought back his point of view about rising seas, sinking cities, and the remaking of the civilized world. He illustrated New York as “Walled Cities”, which constructed floodwalls or floodgates against the water to protect Lower Manhattan after the destruction of Superstorm Sandy. Although the physical barriers are effective in theory, no one knows will it be strong enough to fulfill its mission when the actual floods come. A Dutch engineer once summarized this dilemma as, “These structures are not about solving the problem—they are about buying time until we figure out how big the problem really is.” For now, there is no permanent solution, furthermore no barriers to erect or walls to build can stop the coming flood.
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Sea level rises can influence human populations considerably in coastal and island regions. At the same instant of increasing sea level rise, cities around shore have the potential subsidence from 6mm up to 100 mm annually. Scientists suggest there are three ways to deal with sea level rises, to retreat, to accommodate and to protect. Moving inland might not be able to solve the problem due to natural or artificial barriers. STORM SURGES Storm surge is a potential rise in sea height while it occurs during a storm invading coastal areas. Storm surges are set in a basic height from the baseline. Once sea level rises, so does the baseline for the potential storm surge. Shoreline erosion then happens, allowing coastal storm surges to penetrate even further inland by high wind and causes a larger scale of flooding.
2010 floodplain
Storm surge 1880 high tide
2050 floodplain
Storm surge 2010 high tide
Sea-Level Rise 3-10 mm/year
Subsidence 6-100 mm/year
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SINKING CITIES
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3 meter-flood forecast in Bangkok, Osaka, The Hague Provided by Surging Seas: Risk Zone Map
STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
OVERVIEW IN THE WORLD Many historic and populated cities are at risk of being inundated by higher tides, such as, New York, London, Osaka, Bangkok, Jakarta, Mumbai and Manila. By viewing the figures at the left, it shows the selected cities that are threatened by sea level rises with 3 meters of water level provided by Surging Seas: Risk Zone Map. Zone situated below 3 meters altitude is painted with blue. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Surging Seas: Risk Zone Mapâ&#x20AC;? is an interactive online map created by Climate Central to present the forecast of sea level rise and coastal flood risk information.
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NEW YORK From the provided data, New York, as my chosen site, has approximately 50-80% of 6 feet flood might occur in 2050. Analysis based on a medium sea level scenario, it points to a 68% risk of at least one flood over 6 ft. would take place in the New York area before 2050. Due to the climatelinked sea level rise, it can easily raise the starting point for waves, tides, and storm surges which makes coastal floods more severe and more frequent. From this graph, it visualizes how much more flooding that would be increased because of human factors. What is at risk on land below 6 feet in New York? A total 91,000 of high social vulnerability population, a 36.9 billion USD of property value and 350 miles of road would all be in danger. These entire populations could become homeless in all of a sudden with flooding. Therefore, they can become eco-refugees.
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20 STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
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WHO: Low-lying coastal residents WHAT: No place to inhabitant WHEN: Depends in different areas but likely be 2050 WHERE: Low-lying coastal areas of the world, New York the site in particular WHY: Rising temperatures, cause flooding, sea levels rise and uninhabitable land
HOW: Refugee status, their dilemma, difficulties
Eco-refugees, as known as environmental refugees, are those whose life is affected by climate change and must leave their homes and communities for a period of time or permanent. They no longer gain a secure livelihood back at their homelands and have to flee and abandon them with little hope of returning. On account of flooding and sea level rise, it could put lands completely underwater and make it uninhabitable from several months up to permanence.
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STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
03. Eco-refugees
REFUGEE STATUS, THEIR DILEMMA, DIFFICULTIES
UNDERWATER SHELTER
Low-lying coastal residents face both mental and physical difficulties. All of a sudden they have no place to call home. Mental issues might come across their mind, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depression, generalized anxiety, panic attacks and adjustment disorder etc. Thus, eco-refugees are not protected by international laws. Unlike traditional refugees, climate refugees may be sent back to their devastated homeland right after the catastrophe without any helpful resources. Even if they migrate to other inland areas, they possibly enhance the competition for resources, like water, food and lands. Additionally, they might trigger conflict between each other 23
and original residents, noted by Antonio Guterres, the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees. While eco-refugees are forced to move to a new environment, their skills for living may not be functional anymore. For instance, they might be farmers before all the disaster happened, what if they were forced to move to a city? Their life would no longer be the same and they have to face completely new laws, languages, and cultures. Many perspectives of problems would appear, how the educational and health care systems can cope with these new populations.
STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
RECENT VICTIMS OF RISING SEA LEVELS / Kiribati “I feel hopeless in one way that our people are suffering, but I also have the hope within our people that they will try to find a way to adapt.” By a resident in Kiribati Kiribati is a Pacific island nation made up of 32 low-lying atolls and one raised island. Their lands are threatened to shrink by rising ocean waters at the current moment. Most of their residents have moved to another island, Tarawam, after their homeland disappeared beneath the water. Their present predicted their country will become uninhabitable within 30 to 60 years. When the day comes, the whole country could be stateless. “Our voice should count and our stories should be told, and the world should listen and take action. For we are the trial, we are the ‘early warning system’ to what the world will face when sea level rise continues unheeded” – Head of State President Tong. Citizens are wondering where else they can go. This is the only piece of land they love and belong. They don’t know what option they have and need help from the world. At the current time, this is a community world and everyone has the right to live on it but it seems like the sea has taken that away from Kiribati, and in a not so distant future, everybody can become an eco-refugee.
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04. Embracing the water
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STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
T H E O RY O F H OW TO D E A L W I T H RISING SEA LEVEL How can we react to rising sea level? It is the time we accepted these facts and started to do design and build structures that are more resilient to cope with the water rise. A Dutch water architect Koen Olthuis proposed his solution that we should embrace the water by incorporating it into our cities and it may be our only option to tackle the problem of global warming. He suggested that we should incorporate water into our cities and create an environment that can handle extreme flooding, heavy rains and higher water. He and his team worked hard in designing a floating architecture. Different from what Koen Olthuis advocated, his proposal focused on addressing a way to live in eternality with the rising tides. I argue that if we put the eco-refugees down under the water to avoid a sudden flooding and to accommodate themselves within the period of time to wait until the catastrophe to retreat from their homelands. 26
THE POSSIBILITY OF LIVING UNDERWATER According to Jacques Rougerie, a French architectoceanographer who is a master of aquatic architecture for over 40 years. From his point of view, new technologies and more powerful computing capabilities make it much easier than before for humans to conquer the difficulties of living underwater. He strongly believes that man will one day set out to colonize the deep. DIFFICULTY
UNDERWATER SHELTER
A month under the sea? Living a life below the sea is possible in a technical way as previous underwater habitants existed across the globe. What else is stopping us from building a colonized civilization below the water? To find out what the human body and mind would interact with living under the sea, I took Fabien Cousteau and his team as a reference. They spent 31 days down to the last existing undersea habitat research lab in the entire world, Aquarius. They did an investigation about what could happen if humans spend a month living under the sea. In order to stay at depth for a long period of time, they used saturated diving which allows the body to gradually soak up inert gases and it caused a higherpressure environment to live in, which is 2.5 times than normal one. Due to the greater air density, people inside Aquarius tended to have a higher-pitched speech when they entered the base. One of the side effects of living underwater is lack of exposure to the sun which leads to paleness and reduced vitamin D production. About isolation and boredom, they can access the internet and call their loved ones to maintain their connections. When it comes to if people can live in this environment indefinitely, the crews are not sure about the limitation either. Nonetheless, the higher density of air and higher amount of oxygen may damage a human’s circulation systems which is referred to as “pulmonary toxicity.”
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STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
Underwater bases have been built all over the globe especially in the last century. Gradually, they have lost their funding and ceased their operation. However, their existences were worthwhile to be reviewed and improved from their cons. With the references beforehand, specialties from different areas proposed all kinds of perspectives toward the imaginations of colonizing the ocean. This chapter takes three of the undersea structures as case studies to discuss further into their functions, shapes, and layout.
05. Underwater structures CASE STUDIES
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AQUARIUS REEF BASE
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Aquarius Reef Base, which has been the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s last and only operational underwater research facility, is situated 63 feet below the surface of ocean at the Florida Keys since the mid-1980s. Biologists and scientists come there to study marine plants and animals, it is also where NASA sends their astronauts for training because the ocean is similar to the environment in space for physical and psychological isolation. Aquarius looks like an upturned beaker in a bathtub. The base is without an airlock so that the bottom is open to the water. It consists of three compartments. Access to the water is made via the wet porch which keeps the air pressure inside it the same as the water pressure at the depth. Although it is small inside, Aquarius is capable of accommodating 6 people at the same time. Fabien Cousteau and his crew spent their 31 days living and experimenting in this base.
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La Chalupa, aka Jules Undersea Lodge, is considered to be the best design for an underwater habitat in the early 1970s. It learned from previous habitats into one unit and benefited from their design improvement. The wet porch of La Chalupa is divided from the living areas by sliding doors in order to avoid the spread of humidity. The shape of this structure is like a barge so it is flexible to be towed from one to another. After its refurbishment in the 1980s, it has become into the Jules Undersea Lodge. A two room hotel that can only be accessed by scuba diving. It has accommodated over 10,000 guests during the past three decades.
UNDERWATER TECHNOLOGY GURU, PHIL NUYTTEN Phil Nuytten, a Canadian diving pioneer and inventor, has presented his insight about an underwater Mars-like colony which is called Vent Base Alpha. Its look is a giant dome with an enormous generator using the water power to extract oxygen from the water to support life on the seafloor. It would be powered by the heat vents on the seabed which is more than 500 degree temperature difference between the water and the material from the vents. An excellent opportunity to generate the power, hence, we can set up an artificial sun by that free and unlimited power, according to Nuytten. 34
STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
LA CHALUPA, AKA JULES UNDERSEA LODGE
RESULT OF ANALYSIS: UNDERSTANDING FROM THIS PROJECT Overall, I would summarize the result of analysis from the above study. Rising sea level is a worldwide crisis and it is going to affect numerous lives in the near future. As claimed by the water architect, embracing the water into our lifestyle might be the only way to tackle the problem. Everyone on this planet all has the potential of becoming an eco-refugee. There is no place to call home once a flood comes and with the countless number of eco-refugees, how to settle them all in a sudden would be an issue. Therefore, why not offer them an underwater shelter to avoid the catastrophe and stay in their local areas until the flood to retreat. With the supporting measures being taken in this underwater shelter, eco-refugees gain a secure temporary home and help for both their physical and mental care. From the underwater case studies, I have gained an insight into how professionals deal with the problems when facing the ocean in a practical way. However, my study is going to be a more imaginary scenario about underwater life in 2050.
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Storyboard of the scenario: Rising sea level leads to a higher storm sturge, makes New York into a city under water. Brief sketches of the shelter
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STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
06. IDEAS & DEVELOPMENT
R
G2
G2 Parking lot / Transport G1 Dining area
F Power area (electricity water)
A Market
E Laundry room
B Temporary school / office D Pharmacy / Counseling room
C Front desk
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INITIAL THOUGHTS FOR THE DESIGN PLAN/DIAGRAMS FOR THE WHOLE SHELTER AND ROOMS SKETCH
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STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT G2
G1
ROOM
STARTING POINT I started to speculate how people would live a life underwater. What is the main cause that forced them to leave their homeland and how can they access this shelter I imagined. What necessity and space should provide in this underwater community. Starting from forming the shape and the layout of the underwater shelter, the sketches are attached below. At first, the community was a big dome for public facilities with small units attached by a wire at the top of the structures. Every unit that provides them to sleep, live and toilet, can adjust the length of a wire to either floating in the water or landed on the underwater community. Throughout the progress, the development of design improved into a better stage. It leads to the final outcome. 38
1.5 km
1.5 km
THE FORECAST OF 3 METER-FLOOD AN UNDERWATER SHELTER
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THE MAP OF NEW YORK WITH THE PLAN OF SHELTER At the coastline of the Big Apple, there will be 53 shelters and each of them will be 1.5 kilometers apart from each other and the coast.
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m STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
1.5 km
1.5 k
1.5km
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T H E
S E L E C T I O N
F O R
U N D E R W A
D E S I G N
Gradual process of the exterior form.
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I N
N
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O F
S K E T C H E S
A T E R
S H E L T E R
P R O G R E S S
The sketches for plan, section and diagram.
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W H AT ' S I N A R E F U G E E ' S B A G S ? An understanding of what would refugees bring while they run for their life. Mainly are documents, medication, ID, sim card, clothes, etc.
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STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT Rough drawings for different section of interior space. A day in the underwater shelter
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07. FINAL OUTCOME
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STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
In the year of 2050, constant rain and floods make the residents in New York flee to underwater shelters for several months. Not until the flood retreated, they could only settle in this community before getting back to their home. Down below is the final outcome of the underwater shelter I imagined. People leave their city home, reach this temporary house by submarines which is just outside the shore of New York. At the coastline of the Big Apple, there will be 53 shelters and each of them will be 1.5 kilometers apart from each other and the coast.
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UNDERWATER SHELTER
This shelter can contain around 1300 people. A unit of 6 Refugees would share their room that provides them to sleep and give them privacy of life. 6 units would become a block that shares a kitchen, common room, laundry place and bathroom. There are 9 blocks in one floor and in this underwater community, there are in total 4 floors of rooms with an extra floor of public places.
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STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
1 unit 6 people 1 block 6 units 1 floor 9 blocks 1 shelter 4 floors + 1 public Total 216 rooms Total 1296 people
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2 STORES AND PHARMACY
2 STO
10 OPEN S
7 FLEXIBLE ROOMS
8 COLLECT AREA
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6 CAFETERIA
3 FRONT DESK
9 CO
G2 FLEXIBLE COMPUTER ROOMS, CALLING ROOMS, SEATS G1 FRONT DESK, DINING AREA, MARKET, TRANSPORT, PHARMACY / COUNSELING ROOM, STORES,VENDING MACHINES In the section, here is a clear browse of the space. G1 G2 are at the bottom of the shelter so all the rooms can have the maximum amount of view and a better consumption of sunshine. This underwater community would support life underwater. On G1, there is a front desk that would supply all the need for refugees. A dining area to provide the daily food of lunch and dinner. A market, a pharmacy and counseling rooms for the care of their mental health. On G2, there is a flexible computer room that can be a temporary school or office. Calling rooms to help them connect to their loved ones that are outside of the shelter. And some seats for them to read a book or just chilling.
13 ROOMS
ORES AND PHARMACY
SPACE
12 CALLING ROOMS
11 SEATING
OMPUTER ROOMS 4 PLATFORM
R
G2
G1
1 ENTRANCE
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R ROOMS, LAUNDRY AND COMMON ROOM, DIVING EXIT
E
L
E
V
A
T
I
O
13 ROOMS
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1 ENTRANCE
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N
S
12 CALLING ROOMS
5 MARKET
4 PLATFORM
11 SEATING
6 CAFETERIA
7 FLEXIBLE ROOMS
3 FRONT DESK
9 COMPUTER ROOMS
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10 OPEN SPACE
8 COLLECT AREA
2 STORES AND PHARMACY
1 ENTRANCE
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D AY
IN THE
U N D E RW AT E R
STAGE 3 INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH PROJECT
A
SHELTER
A daily schedule of a 20s young adult How the life in the shelter can be in 24 hours.
Sleeping
Chill Calling room
12AM
6PM
6AM
Dinner time
Daily walk by scuba diving Shower
12PM
Counseiling Lunch time for mental health
Hang out in common room Breakfast Pick up daily supply from front desk See the first group of newbies coming into the shelter
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A
D AY
IN THE
U N D E RW AT E R R
SHELTER O
O
M
S
8:00-9:00 Wake up from their bunk beds and by watching out the undersea scenery through the window, they would have a cup of coffee to wake themselves up.
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UNDERWATER SHELTER
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D AY
IN THE
U N D E RW AT E R
SHELTER
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R O O M S
9:00-10:00 Climbing down the ladder, have breakfast, brush their teeth and hang out in the common room. In the common room, there are four ladders to come down and two normal flat doors for the elderly or anyone in need. A kitchen, a living room with separated bathrooms support the life of eco-refugees where they can chill or cook something small for breakfast.
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10:00-12:00 Going to the front desk and pic k up their daily supply at collection point while they can see a group of new refugees come into the shelter. UNDERWATER SHELTER
The front desk where people register at the first place when they enter the shelter also can apply or order for special requests and needs. Like some documents or help funding. The globe in the middle of the pool shows the current status for flooding. It shines as an artificial sun. Residents in the shelter come here to have exposure to some sunlight. Afterwards, they would come to the collection point where they have 3D printers and collect the items they ordered and such. The place to pick up their daily supply.
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RENT STATUS FOR FLOODING . IT SHINES AS AN ARTIFICIAL SUN.
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12:00-13:00 Lunch time at the public cafeteria. 13:00-14:00 The counseling time for the care of mental health. The cafeteria and the seating area that provides them for daily food. When they have extra needs for fruit or junk food, they can buy them at the small market next to the cafeteria. Pharmacy & counseling rooms provide the health care and mental care for eco-refugees.
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14:00-17:00 Go back to their floor and get ready for the daily walk by scuba diving This is the section about how to get out from the shelter to diving. At the left point of the floor, there is the exit to have daily scuba diving. With two bunker doors and pumping water machines, people can have a daily walk outside the shelter.
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IN THE
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14:00-17:00 Go bac k to their floor and get ready for the daily walk by scuba diving This is the diving view from the outside to the rooms.
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17:00-20:00 After diving, it would be their dinner and chilling time. 2 0 : 0 0 - 2 2 : 0 0 Ta k i n g t u r n t o g o t o c a l l i n g r o o m s t o h a v e a chat with their friends in other shelters or outside the world. 22:00-8:00 At last, go back to their room and sleep. Here is G2 where sets some calling rooms, flexible computer rooms where can be their temporary school or office. While there is also some seating area and open space.
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DISCUSSION Further related field of interior design
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To further relate to interior design, this dissertation shows the report of underwater structures and the space arrangement. From this study, I aim to find and speculative a new way of settling down eco-refugees while they face the life-determined crisis. I argue about the life could be like when living underwater. The needs and the dilemmas I analysis from eco-refugees reshape the form of spaces. With the ocean surrounding their life, their behaviors are impacted by the new limit, including depression, lack of the exposure to the sun, the difficulties to access the outdoors and need comprehensive life support. The facilities I created fulfill the basic life for eco-refugees for up to a couple months. For instance, the pharmacy with counselling service to take care for their mental health, the artificial sun for the consuming vitamin D, a daily diving walk to stretch their legs and the fundamental supply for life. This structure can be a brief insight of how people can embrace the water and be part of the ocean colony.
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08. CONC
CLUSION
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CONCLUSION On the whole, in this writing I have tried to connect the underwater structures, rising sea levels and ecorefugees. With the research questions I proposed, how people could possibly live underwater within 30 years, how eco-refugees might have a temporary home to wait until flood to fade away, what a day would be like living underwater, what impact the underwater environment does to human activity. Based on the research above, it is certainly the case that I reached the result of those questions, as per my initial thoughts does indeed show an imagination for the scenario. In fact, the scene of New York could happen to all the other coastal cities and might need to apply for the shelters to be their temporary home. It can be a prototype for eco-refugees who need a place to rethink about their situation and where to immigrate. Furthermore, with a better improvement in technology for 30 years, it might be easier and faster for humans to create a colony on the seabed and utilize the boundless land in the ocean. In conclusion, the dissertation summarizes the previous investigations in underwater creations and provides my own understanding of the interior design in the ocean. Additionally, I focused on arranging a shelter for eco-refugees and reshaped the form of life under the sea. 74
09. BIBLIOGRAPHY
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