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Jeffrey Peters Thesis Advisor: Stephen Varenhorst
This thesis project seeks to analyze the relationship between film and architecture. Both film and architecture aim to create a sense of harmony and story with a sequence of events or spaces. Can architecture replicate the excitement and emotion of the movie experience? South Broad Street still lacks a clear identity; this project aims to work at different scales to create a 21st century vision for South Broad Street. The concept of the proposed building is a theater, school, and residential tower. The theater portion of the building will showcase student work as well as newly released films. Also host local and international film festivals. The function of the school is to teach movie making, and film production, film theory and screen writing. Students will develop the skill required with help from professional instructors. The school will be a annex to the local Philadelphia Unversities that teach film to bring together graduate students under one roof to work together. The residential tower will house a small portion of student housing with it’s primary focus to be on market rate apartments. The tower can be used fund the school and theater programs.
60’
CEL 2 PARCEL 1
20’
Broad Stre
43’-6”
ce St
et
115’
150’
NEW COMBINED PARCEL 90’
95’
90’
PARCEL 2 PARCEL 1 90’
90’
PARCEL 3
150’
150’
115’
64’-6”
Spru
108’
64’-6”
223’
Broad Stre
et
NEW COMB
22
list of spaces
Site Context The selected site is located at 311-315 South Broad Street in Philadelphia Pennsylvania. Currently hosting the Philadelphia Horticultural Societies pop-up park event, the site and the area were reengaged with a green space and mobile beer garden. The PHS pop-up park will be closed and dismantled at the end of October, 2013 returning the site back to a vacant lot. The 300 block of Broad Street contains a vacant retail corner building (1344-52 Spruce St), a vacant historic cafe (311 S. Broad St), Broad Street ministries church, University of the Arts Anderson Hall (333 S. Broad St,) a 10-story building with classroom spaces and offices on the upper floors, and an existing 4 story parking garage with a Starbucks on the ground floor. Across the Broad is the Street Kimmel Center for Performing Arts and University of the Arts Hamilton Hall.
Zoning Base District: CMX-4 Center City Commercial Mixed-Use • Allowed uses assembly and entertainment business and professional retail: consumer goods, eating & drinking establishments passive / active recreation educational facilities libraries and cultural exhibits radio television and recording services visitor accommodations • Max occupied area (% of lot): buildings greater than 5 stories with 1 or more dwellings units 90% others 100%
Zoning Controls Supplemental Use Controls: 14-502(5) Parking Loading Controls: 14-502(6)(a): Vechicular ingress and egress is prohibited to and from the following: Accessory parking and loading and trash areas or structures 14-502(6)(f): Accessory parking lots are prohibited. Special Review Controls: 14-502(8)(a): L&I shall not issue a building permit for the erection of a building or alteration of a façade in the Chestnut and Walnut Street Area, South Broad Street Area, or East Market Street Area until the Commission has reviewed plans of the facade and determined that the proposed facade, in the opinion of the Commission, is in harmony with Center City’s historic commercial area and pedestrian-oriented environment. The Commission has 60 days to approve or disapprove the application, after which its approval will be presumed.
School Entry Reception Admin Classrooms (6) Studios Film - Studio Screening Room Music - Recording Studio Graphics - Studio (4) Lounge Library Restrooms Storage Mail Room Mechanical Offices Conference Room Employee Lounge Residential Apartments (160) Theater Large Theater (250 seats) 2 Medium Theater (185 seats) Café Kitchen Resturant with kitchen Gallery/Exhibit Space Restrooms (16 total)
Total Square Footage
SF 100 s.f 300 s.f 2,200 s.f 1,200 s.f 2,000 s.f 3,000 s.f 1,000 s.f 600 s.f 1,400 s.f 1,525 s.f 1,525 s.f varies 2,000 s.f 100 s.f 1,000 s.f 150-200 800 s.f 800 s.f
150,000 s.f
4,000 s.f 3,200 s.f 1,200 s.f 800 s.f 10,000 s.f 2,000 s.f varies
190,750 s.f
‘CINEPALEGO’ FUTURISTIC CINEMA COMPETITION ENTRY TOKYO, JAPAN ARCHITECT: CHANSOO BYEON + DAICHI YAMASHITA COMPLETED: 2012 • • • •
URBAN INTERVENTION A NETWORK OF SCREENS DESIGNED TO CREATE A VARIETY OF SOCIAL SPACES INTEGRATE CINEMA INTO DAY-TO-DAY LIFE MAKE THE ACT OF WATCHING A MOVIE LESS OF INDIVIDUAL EXPERIENCE
MAXXI MUSEUM ROME, ITALY ARCHITECT: ZHA HADID ARCHITECTS COMPLETED: 2009 • • •
“CAMPUS FOR ART” PATHWAYS OVERLAP AND CONNECT IN ORDER TO CREATE MANY DYANMIC AND INTERACTIVE SPACES EVEN WITH OVERLAPING SPACES PROGRAM REMAINS CLEAR AND ORGANIZED
COLUMBIA COLLEGE CHICAGO MEDIA PRODUCTION CENTER CHICAGO, USA ARCHITECT: STUDIO GANG ARCHITECTS COMPLETED: 2010 • • •
OVERLAPING PROGRAM FILM PROGRAM THAT COULD BE USED FOR PROPOSED BUILDING CREATED SPACES USING FILM TECHNIQUES
BERNARD TSCHUMI & ARCHITECTURE FILM THEORY The architecture of Bernard Tschumi is inspired by cinematic terms and techniques. Tschumi’s Parc de la Villette in Paris is an urban park designed with consideration of the temporal quality of space, and the spatial quality of time derived from movement. The Cinematic Promenade is regarded as a film strip composed of a montage of sequences and frames” (Tschumi, 1987:8). Successive frames of individual gardens represent the image track, and connecting pedestrian walkways represent the sound track. Tschumi (1987:VI) argues that a cinegram is created by the rapid succession of frames, and therefore exists as a superimposition of independent parts. The relationship between the independent frames and the whole is essential in the understanding of the film, and the sequence of events becomes important. Space, moment and events Tschumi (1994:9) states that “in their individual state objects, movements, events are simply discontinuous. Only when they unite do they establish an instant of continuity”. The relationship between objects, movements and events formulates the architectural experience. These form three levels to which the element of time is introduced in the form of moments, intervals and sequences. The chief characteristic of the Transcripts is the sequence. Tschumi (1994:10) defines the sequence as a “composite succession of frames that confronts spaces, movements and events”. In order to gain the complete experience the succession of one frame after another is necessary. “The Transcripts are thus not self-contained images. They establish a memory of the preceding frames, of the course of events, their final meaning is cumulative; it does not depend on a single frame but on a succession of frames and spaces” (Tschumi, 1994:11). Similarly, movement through a building should be experienced as a sequence of events stimulating a sequence of experiences.
MID-REVIEW The principal of the design up to this point was taking the school spaces and laying them out in a linier sequence like a filmstrip. The spaces would be squeezed and stretched to create the linear form. Then taking the “filmstrip” created by the spaces and wrapping in around the building to inform the design of the interior. Then taking the public spaces and places them in the empty area between the school spaces. The main theory influencing the design at this point was the idea of being watched and watching.
Theater
School
Residence Market-Rate Dorm
On the exterior the design would be informed by the surrounding context along Broad Street. Drawing sight lines from the adjacent properties such as Kimmels balcony and the university of the arts main building steps. These sight lines would be used to place projectable surfaces on the building.
COMING SOON Film.theory.architecture 12.14.2013 Jeffrey Peters Thesis Advisor: Stephen Varenhorst COMBINING A FILM THEATER, FILM SCHOOL AND A RESIDENTIAL PRODUCING ‘COMING SOON’ PUBLIC SPACE LOBBY AND GATHERING SPACE ALONG SOUTH BROAD STREET FOR STUDENTS AND THE PUBLIC ONE SCHOOL LARGE FILM THEATER TWO MEDIUM THEATERS CAFE GALLERY/EXHBIT SPACE RETAIL SPACE CLASSROOMS STUDIO-SPACES FILM-STUDIO RECORDING-STUDIO COSTUMES-STUDIO LIBRARY SCREENING RESIDENTIAL SPACE 48 DORM APARTMENTS 160 MARKET RATE APARTMENTS PG Public Space for Everyone
Some Material May Be Inappropriate for Children Under 13
TYPICAL CLASSROOM SPACE
SQUEEZE AND STRETCH
CLASSROOM SPACE
LINEAR FORM
CLASSROOM SPACE
TECHNICAL REVIEW
FINAL REVIEW The final design was informed by the context of the site and the original idea of film, the principal that I filet was important since mid-review; that a person is being watched and is watching. On the exterior the building was cut back along Broad Street to leave space at the side so that Broad Street Ministries could be used as a backdrop for the building. The church’s historic façade would be a key component of the design. With the residential entry adjacent to the church it wouldn’t to public or to private. The building would have two entries one along Broad Street with a small plaza in front; the plaza would add much needed green space to Broad Street. The second entry would be at the corner. The two programs (school and theater) would both use the first floor as an entry, then spilt to separate the uses. The school would always be visible from the theater side to the public. The public could watch as the students worked and learned about film. Then the students could watch the public as well. The public side would have a large atrium space and the visitors would experience a liner story like progression through the space as they worked their way up to the theaters. Visitor’s views would be directed into and out of the building at key points. The exterior façade would add a type of drama to the building. A metal second skin would allow projection on the side of the building. During the day the public moving through the space would animate the building, then at night projection would animate the surface of the building. Allow movies to be projected on the façade of the building, the steps at University of the Arts and the Kimmel balcony would both become more inviting to the public. Creating a public realm outside the building along Avenue of the Arts.
SECTION A
SECTION B
SECTION D
SECTION E
CONFIGURTION A – LECTURE
THEATER #4 & #5
CONFIGURTION B – FILM
THEATER WITH CHANGABLE USES - 150 SEATS (PER THEATER)
SECTION C
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INFO-GRAPHIC BECOMES INTERACTIVE FLOOR PATTERN. CAN BE USED BY VISITORS TO LEARN ABOUT THE MAKING OF FILM.
Story Board Scene 1: Along Broad Street
Scene 2: At the Steps
Scene 3: The Lobby
Scene 4: Lobby Part 2
Scene 5: The Second Floor
Scene 6: Large Theater
Scene 7: The Roof Deck
Scene 8: The Roof Theater
Scene 9: The Roof Theater(s)
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Scene 10: The Lobby Down
Scene 11: The Roof Deck
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Scene 12: From Kimmel
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Jeffrey Peters Thesis Advisor: Stephen Varenhorst