Structural Analysis of a Building

SCHOOL OF ARCHIECTURE , BUILDING AND DESIGN

BUILDING STRUCTURES (BLD61003) PROJECT 2 : STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF A BUNGALOW

STUDENT NAME : WESLEY WONG TECK WON 0330496 TUTOR: MR MOHAMED RIZAL

1 TABLE OF CONTENT 01 BRIEF INTRODUCITON 02 FLOOR PLANS 03 DESIGN BRIEF (QUANTITY LIFE AND DEAD LOADS ACTING ON STRUCTURE) 04 STRUCTURAL PLANS 05 LOAD DISTRIBUTION DIAGRAMS 06 TRIBUTARY AREA DIAGRAMS 07 BEAM AND COLLUMN ANALYSIS

2 01 BRIEF INTRODUCTION In this project, we are introduced to the basic process of structural design of a two-storey bungalow. It enables us to gain a holistic structural design experience including the basic concepts in structural design, engineering considerations in building strucuture, quantification of loads and stresses, as well as the estimation of the sizes of structural members.

Ground Floor

The bungalow consists of the following elements: 1 1 Powder Room 2 1 Guest Room 3 1 Living room 4 1 Kitchen 5 1 Dining Area 6 1 Bedroom with Attached Bathroom 7 2 Bedrooms 8 1 Family Room

First Floor

3 02 FLOOR PLANS Ground Floor Scale 1:100

4

First Floor Scale 1:100

5

Roof Plan Scale 1:100

6 03 DESIGN BRIEF (QUANTITY LIFE AND DEAD LOADS ACTING ON STRUCTURE) Dimension of structure Structure

Dimension

Slab

0.15m (thickness)

Wall

0.15mx3m (thicknessxheight)

Beam

0.2mx0.3m (widthxdepth)

Column

0.3mx0.3mx3m (widthxlengthxheight)

Standard Weight of Material Material

Standard Weight (kN/m3)

Brickwork

19

Reinforced Concrete

24

Standard Weight of Material Structure

Calculation

Self-weight

Concrete Slab

0.15mx24kN/m3

3.6kN/m3

Brick Wall

0.15mx3mx19kN/m3

8.55kN/m3

Beam

0.2mx0.3mx24kN/m3

1.44kN/m3

Column

0.3mx0.3mx3mx24kN/m3

6.48kN/m3

Roof

-

Dead load 1.0kN/m3 ,Live load 0.5kN/m3

7 04 STRUCTURAL PLANS Structural Foundation Plan Scale 1:100

8

Structural Ground Floor Plan Scale 1:100

9

Structural First Floor Plan Scale 1:100

10

Structural Roof Plan Scale 1:100

11 05 LOAD DISTRIBUTION DIAGRAMS Load Disribution Ground Floor Plan Scale 1:100

12

Load Disribution First Floor Plan Scale 1:100

13

Load Disribution Roof Plan Scale 1:100

14 06 TRIBUTARY AREA DIAGRAMS Tributary Area Ground Floor Plan Scale 1:100

15

Tributary Area First Floor Plan Scale 1:100

16

Tributary Area Roof Plan Scale 1:100

17 07 BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS Overall Ground Floor Location of Beams 1 Ground Floor Beam 3a/C-D 2 Ground Floor Beam Beam 3-5/C

18 1 GROUND FLOOR BEAM 3a/C-D (BEAM TO BEAM CONNECTION)

19 DEAD LOAD

C

D 2.2m 1.44 kN/m

Beam 3a/C-D Self Weight =Beam size x Density of concrete =(0.2 x 0.3) m2 x 24 kN/m3 =1.44 kN/m

Slab 3-3a/C-D =slab self-weight x Lx/2 =(0.15m x 24 kN/m3) x (1.1m / 2 ) = 3.6 kN/m2 x 0.55m =1.98 kN/m

1.98 kN/m

Slab 3a-5/C-D =slab self-weight x Lx/2 x 2/3 =(0.15m x 24 kN/m3) x (2.2m / 2 ) x 2/3 = 3.6 kN/m2 x 1.1m x 2/3 =2.64 kN/m

2.64 kN/m

No brick wall.

6.06 kN/m Total dead load of C-D =(1.44+1.98+2.64) kN/m =6.06 kN/m

20 LIVE LOAD

C

D 2.2m

Beam Self Weight =Beam size x Density of concrete =(0.2 x 0.3) m2 x 24 kN/m3 =1.44 kN/m

Slab 3-3a/C-D =Live load (UBBL) x Lx/2 =1.5kN/m3 x (1.1m / 2 ) =0.825 kN/m =1.98 kN/m

0.825 kN/m

Slab 3a-5/C-D =Live load (UBBL) x Lx/2 x 2/3 =1.5 kN/m2 x (2.2m / 2 ) x 2/3 =1.1 kN/m =2.64 kN/m

1.1 kN/m

1.925 kN/m Total live load of C-D =(0.825 + 1.1) kN/m =1.925 kN/m

21 ULTIMATE LOAD

C

D 2.2m 8.484 kN/m

Ultimate dead load =Total dead load x 1.4 =6.06 kN/m x 1.4 =8.484 kN/m

Ultimate live load =Total live load x 1.6 =1.925 kN/m x 1.6 =3.08 kN/m =1.98 kN/m

Total ultimate load of of C-D =(8.484+3.08) kN/m =1.925 kN/m x 1.6 =11.564kN/m =2.64 kN/m

No brick wall.

Total dead load of C-D =(1.44+1.98+2.64) kN/m =6.06 kN/m

3.08 kN/m

11.564 kN/m

22 C

REACTION FORCES

D 2.2m 1.1m

∑ mb = 0 (Ra x 2.2) + (- 11.564x2.2)(2.2/2)=0 2.2Ra=27.985 kN =12.720 kN

1.1m

25.44 kN

∑ Fy = 0 Rb + 12.720 + (-11.564 x 2.2) = 0 Rb = 12.720 kN Ra = 12.720 kN

Rb = 12.720 kN

SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM (V) 12.720 kN

12.720 + (-11.564 x 2.2) = -12.720 kN -12.720 + 12.720 = 0 kN

+ve -12.720 + 12.720 = 0 kN

0 kN

-ve

12.720 + (-11.564 x 2.2) = -12.720 kN

BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM (M) 7 kNm

+ve area = 12.720 x 1.1 x 1/2 = 7 kNm -ve area = 12.720 x 1.1 x 1/2 = 7 kNm +ve area = -ve area, ∴ 7-7 = 0 kNm

0 kNm

23 2 GROUND FLOOR BEAM 3-5/C (BEAM TO COLUMN CONNECTION)

24 DEAD LOAD

3

3a

4

5

4.3m 1.1m

1.8m

Beam 3-5/C Self Weight =Beam size x Density of concrete =(0.2 x 0.3) m2 x 24 kN/m3 =1.44 kN/m

1.44 kN/m

Slab 3-5/B-C =slab self-weight x Lx/2 =(0.15m x 24 kN/m3) x (3.8m / 2 ) = 3.6 kN/m2 x 1.9m =6.84 kN/m

6.84 kN/m

Slab 3-3a/C-D =slab self-weight x Lx/2 x 2/3 =(0.15m x 24 kN/m3) x (1.1m / 2 ) x 2/3 = 3.6 kN/m2 x 0.55m x 2/3 =1.32 kN/m Slab 3a-5/C-D =slab self-weight x Lx/2 =(0.15m x 24 kN/m3) x (2.2m / 2 ) = 3.6 kN/m2 x 1.1m =3.96 kN/m

1.32 kN/m

3.96 kN/m

8.55 kN/m Brick wall self weight =Brick wall size x density of brick wall =(0.15 x 3)m2 x 19 kN/m3 =8.55 kN/m Total dead load of C-D =(1.44+1.98+2.64) kN/m =6.06 kN/m

1.4m

25 3 Total dead load of 3-3a =(1.44+6.84+1.32+8.55) kN/m = 18.15 kN/m 3a-4 =(1.44+6.84+3.96+8.55) kN/m = 20.79 kN/m 4-5 =(1.44+6.84+3.96+8.55) kN/m = 20.79 kN/m

3a

4

5

4.3m 1.1m

1.8m

20.79 kN/m 18.15 kN/m

1.4m

20.79 kN/m

26 LIVE LOAD

3

3a

4

5

4.3m 1.1m

1.8m

1.4m

2.85 kN/m Slab 3-5/B-C =Live load (UBBL) x Lx/2 =1.5kN/m3 x (3.8m / 2 ) =2.85 kN/m

Slab 3-3a/C-D =Live load (UBBL) x Lx/2 x 2/3 =1.5kN/m3 x (1.1m / 2 ) x 2/3 =0.55 kN/m

Slab 3a-5/C-D =Live load (UBBL) x Lx/2 =1.5kN/m3 x (2.2m / 2 ) =1.65 kN/m

Total dead load of C-D =(1.44+1.98+2.64) kN/m =6.06 kN/m

0.55 kN/m

1.65 kN/m

3 Total live load of 3-3a =(2.85+0.55) kN/m = 3.4 kN/m 3a-4 =(2.85+1.65) kN/m = 4.5 kN/m 4-5 =(2.85+1.65) kN/m = 4.5 kN/m

Total dead load of C-D =(1.44+1.98+2.64) kN/m =6.06 kN/m

3a

4

5

4.3m 1.1m

1.8m

4.5 kN/m 3.4 kN/m

1.4m

4.5 kN/m

3

3a

ULTIMATE LOAD

5

4.3m 1.1m

Ultimate dead load of 3-3a =Total dead load x 1.4 =18.15 kN/m x 1.4 =25.41kN/m

4

1.8m

1.4m

25.41 kN/m

29.11 kN/m 3a-4 =Total dead load x 1.4 =20.79 kN/m x 1.4 =29.11 kN/m 29.11 kN/m 4-5 =Total dead load x 1.4 =20.79 kN/m x 1.4 =29.11 kN/m Ultimate live load of 3-3a =Total live load x 1.6 =3.4 kN/m x 1.6 =5.44 kN/m =1.98 kN/m 3a-4 =Total live load x 1.6 =4.5 kN/m x 1.6 =7.2 kN/m

5.44 kN/m

7.2 kN/m

7.2 kN/m 4-5 =Total live load x 1.6 =4.5 kN/m x 1.6 =7.2 kN/m =2.64 kN/m

27

3

3a

4

5

4.3m 1.1m

1.8m

1.4m

Total ultimate load of 3-3a =(25.41+5.44) kN/m =30.85 kN/m 3a-4 =(29.11=7.2) kN/m =36.31 kN/m

36.31 kN/m

36.31 kN/m

30.85 kN/m

4-5 =(29.11=7.2) kN/m =36.31 kN/m 12.720 kN/m 36.31 kN/m Point load of 3a/C-D Rb = 12.720 kN Point load = 12.720 kN

No brick wall.

Total dead load of C-D =(1.44+1.98+2.64) kN/m =6.06 kN/m

30.85 kN/m

36.31 kN/m

28

3

3a

REACTION FORCE

4

5

29

4.3m 1.1m

∑ mb = 0 (Ra x 4.3) + (- 30.85x1.1)(3.75) +(12.720)(3.2) + ( -36.31x1.8)(2.3) +(-36.31x1.4)(0.7)=0 4.3Ra=353.87 kN Ra=82.30 kN

1.8m

1.4m

12.720 kN/m 36.31 kN/m

36.31 kN/m

30.85 kN/m

∑ Fy = 0 Rb + 82.30 + (- 30.85x1.1) + (-12.720) + (-36.31x1.8) + (-36.31x1.4) = 0 Rb + 82.30 + (-33.935) + (-12.720) + (-65.358) + (-50.834) = 0 12.720 kN/m

Rb = (162.847 - 82.30) kN = 80.547 kN

65.358 kN/m

50.834 kN/m

33.935 kN/m

Ra = 82.30 kN

Rb = 80.547 kN

3

3a

5

4.3m

SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM (V) 1.1m

1.8m

82.30 kN

82.30 - (30.85 x 1.1 ) = 48.365 kN 48.365 - 12.720 = 35.645 kN 35.645 kN - (36.31x1.8) = -29.713 kN -29.713 - (36.31x1.4) = -80.547

4

82.30 - (30.85 x 1.1 ) = 48.365 kN

48.365 - 12.720 = 35.645 kN

+ve

0 kN

1.4m

x

-80.5447 + 80.547 = 0 kN

y

-ve 35.645 kN (36.31x1.8) = -329.713 kN

BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM (M)

-29.713 (36.31x1.4) = -80.547

35.645/x = 29.713y, x=1.8-y 35.645y = 29.713x = 29.713 (1.8-y) y=0.818 x=1.8 -y = 1.8 - 0.818 = 0.982 +ve area = (82.3+48.365)/2 x 1.1 + 35.645x0.982x1/2 = 89.368 kNm ≈ 90 kNm -ve area = 29.713 x 0.818 x1/2 + (80.547+29.713)x1/2x1.4 = 89.335 kNm ≈ 90 kNm +ve area ≈ -ve area, ∴ (89.368-89.335) kNm = 0.033 kNm ≈ 0 kNm

30

90 kN/m

0 kNm

31 07 BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS OVERALL LOCATION OF COLUMN GROUND FLOOR 1 3B 2 5D

32 07 BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS OVERALL LOCATION OF COLUMN FIRST FLOOR 1 3B 2 5D

33 07 BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS OVERALL LOCATION OF COLUMN ROOF PLAN 1 3B 2 5D

34 COLUMN 5D (EDGE) At Ground Floor

35 COLUMN 5D (EDGE) At First Floor

36 COLUMN 5D (EDGE) At Roof Plan

37 COLUMN 5D GROUND FLOOR Structure

Live load analysis

Dead load analysis

Slab

1.5kN/m2 x(2.2x4.3/2)m2=7.095 kN

3.6kN/m2 x(2.2x4.3/2)m2=17.03kN

Brick Wall

-

8.55 kN/m x (2.2+4.3/2) m=37.193 kN

Reinforced Concrete Beam Self Weight

-

1.44 kN/m x (2.2+4.3/2) m=6.264 kN

Column Self Weight

-

6.48 kN

Total

7.095 kN

17.03kN+37.193 kN+6.264 kN+6.48 kN =66.97 kN

Ultimate load = 1.6 (7.095) + 1.4 (66.97) = 105.11 kN FIRST FLOOR Structure

Live load analysis

Dead load analysis

Slab

1.5kN/m2 x(2.2x4.3/2)m2=7.095 kN

3.6kN/m2 x(2.2x4.3/2)m2=17.03kN

Brick Wall

-

8.55 kN/m x (2.2+4.3/2) m=37.193 kN

Reinforced Concrete Beam Self Weight

-

1.44 kN/m x (2.2+4.3/2) m=6.264 kN

Column Self Weight

-

6.48 kN

Total

7.095 kN

17.03kN+37.193 kN+6.264 kN+6.48 kN =66.97 kN

Ultimate load = 1.6 (7.095) + 1.4 (66.97) = 105.11 kN

38 COLUMN 5D ROOF FLOOR Structure

Live load analysis

Dead load analysis

Slab

0.5kN/m2 x(2.2x4.3/2)m2=2.365 kN

1.0kN/m2 x(2.2x4.3/2)m2=4.73kN

Reinforced Concrete Beam Self Weight

-

1.44 kN/m x (2.2+4.3/2) m=6.264 kN

Total

2.365 kN

4.73kN+6.264 kN =6.994 kN

Ultimate load = 1.6 (2.365) + 1.4 (6.994) = 13.58 kN

TOTAL ULTIMATE LOAD 105.11 kN + 105.11 kN + 13.58 kN = 223.8 kN

39 COLUMN 3B (INTERMEDIATE) At Ground Floor

40 COLUMN 3B (INTERMEDIATE) At First Floor

41 COLUMN 3B (INTERMEDIATE) At Roof Floor

COLUMN 3B GROUND FLOOR

42

Structure

Live load analysis

Dead load analysis

Slab

1.5kN/m2 x[(2.15x4.4)+(2.4x1.9)]m2=21.03 kN

3.6kN/m2 x[(2.15x4.4)+(2.4x1.9)]m2=50.472kN

Brick Wall

-

8.55 kN/m x (2.5+2.4) m= 41.895 kN

Reinforced Concrete Beam Self Weight

-

1.44 kN/m x (2.4+2(1.9)+2.5+2.15)m = 15.624kN

Column Self Weight

-

6.48 kN

Total

21.03 kN

50.472 kN + 41.895 kN + 15.624 kN +6.48 kN = 114.471 N

Ultimate load = 1.6 (21.03) + 1.4 (114.471) = 193.91kN FIRST FLOOR Structure

Live load analysis

Dead load analysis

Slab

1.5kN/m2 x[(2.15x4.4)+(2.4x1.9)]m2=21.03 kN

3.6kN/m2 x[(2.15x4.4)+(2.4x1.9)]m2=50.472kN

Brick Wall

-

8.55 kN/m x (2.5+2.4+2.15) m= 60.28kN

Reinforced Concrete Beam Self Weight

-

1.44 kN/m x (2.4+2(1.9)+2.5+2.15)m = 15.624kN

Column Self Weight

-

6.48 kN

Total

21.03 kN

50.472 kN + 60.28 kN + 15.624 kN +6.48 kN = 132.86 N

Ultimate load = 1.6 (21.03) + 1.4 (132.86) = 219.65kN

43 COLUMN 3B ROOF FLOOR Structure

Live load analysis

Dead load analysis

Slab

0.5kN/m2 x[(2.15x4.4)+(2.4x1.9)]m2=7.01 kN

1.0kN/m2 x[(2.15x4.4)+(2.4x1.9)])m2=14.02kN

Reinforced Concrete Beam Self Weight

-

1.44 kN/m x (2.4+2(1.9)+2.5+2.15)m=15.624 kN

Total

7.01 kN

14.02kN+15.624 kN =29.644 kN

Ultimate load = 1.6 (7.01) + 1.4 (29.644) = 52.7176kN TOTAL ULTIMATE LOAD 193.91 kN + 219.65 kN + 52.7176 = 466.28 kN