Gems Cultural Center The Morphorest in Belem, Lisbon
Design Realisation Report Unit 20 Teo Boon Ting
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Table of Content Section01
Design Development 3 4-5 6 7-8 9-10 11-13 14-15
Section02
Introduction Site Map Site Context Design Intention Flower Development Flower Development within the building Site Plan
Building Form and System 16-23 24-25 26-27
General Arrangement with Rendering Structural Strategy Method of Construction +safety precaution in construction and use
Section03
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Acoustic Strategy
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Means of Escape and Internal Fire Spread
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Skin & Flesh systems
Accessibility
Skin and Flesh of the Building System
+Health and Safety
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Material and Specification
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Main Structure Module I
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Main Structure Module II
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The Staircase
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The Flower Cluster Lighting Strategy
+Natural lighting strategy - Solar gain and natural light +Artificial Lighiting strategy + Lighting Scenario + Lighting Simulations
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Ventilation Strategy and Passive Cooling
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Thermal Insulation and Institial Condensation
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Drainage and Water Ingress
Maintenance Access
+Drainage Principles +Rainwater Drainage
Section04
Tempering the Building Environment 59-61
Energy Strategy
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Energy Consumption on Heating and Ventilation
+Source of Energy +Integration of Mechanical and Electrical Services + Energy Conservation Strategy + Energy Strategy + On site Power Harvesting and CHP system
+ Seasonal Scenario on Energy Consumption +Passive way + Active Way
Section05
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Water Supply and Water Disposing
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Environmental Impact
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Context Analysis
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Client and Procurement Route
+Chosen Material +Building Life Cycle
Procuring the Building + Local Context and Response + Financial Context + Role of building and Geographical Locations
+ The Local Government as Client + Role of Design Architect + Procurement + The Choice of Procurement Route + Protecting the Client
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Organisation of Members + Member roles and required key specialists +Tendering Strategy + Cost control and Contractual Relationship
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Briefing + Brief +Completion and Feedback
Section06
Bibliography
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Introduction
My project involves in designing a Gems cultural center which located in the belem, lisbon. The Gems cultural center is focusing on creating the intimacy of the gems viewing process between the visitor and the exhibited gems by designing the morphing space within the building. The project’s ambition is to engaging the experience of the visitor within the building and gems viewing process with microscale expression of beautiful gems. The key task of this design is to realize the idea by building fabric which can be responsive to the surrounding in combination of textural representation, electronic components and architectural materials. For this reason, the focus of this report will primarily focusing on The Skin and Flesh of Building Fabric
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1. Belem cultural center 2. Belem Cathedral 3. Main road and tram toward major touristic spots 4. Gems Cultural Center Proposed site 5. Previous project proposed chapel 6. Belem famous custard cake 7. Belem Park
Rio de Tejo
01 Design Developement Site context
fig.1 Building site fig.2 Main street toward famous attractions of Lisbon fig.3 Small lane toward previous chapel project fig.4 Site image
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Building proposed Site
Portugal A meltpot of thewest culture and east culture
Belem Belem is situated on the west side of lisbon. There is a main road and tram route linking both of these major site and other significant tourist spots. Such as Belem cathedral and cultural center.
Building Site The main street of the Belem, As the Main Street is the main transport line which brings visitor to this area, I think that locating the building to face to the main street would address the existence of the cultural center as most of the attraction of lisbon are located on the main street. By this reason, I chose the ruin and one of the building facing the main street as my building site, which taking the narrative and technical reference from my previous chapel facade project.
As the buildings on the main street are identical with the architectural language like arcade and passage, i think a interactive facade initiative with an expression of flower would bring people in to my building, which is a cultural center of gems.
01 Design Developement Design Intention
fig.1 Experiment Process on Material and Kinetic system fig.2 The Flower cluster for the Gems cultural Center development
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Kinetic Component
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Kinectic Mechanism
Paper Folding Fabric Cutting Latex Cutting Plexi Glass Combination
Reciprocating Motion Stretching Motion Stretching Motion Clock motion | Reciprocating Motion
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Affected Field one to one one to whole one to whole one to part one to one | one to part
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Activator responsive to light responsive to time responsive to light/speed
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Project Development: Flower component study process The intial investigation of this project is following the unit theme: "sacred morphology, profane ecology." Inspired by the sensitive ecological landscape of Lisbon and portugal history, my exploration process started with studies of flower component which is highly sensitive and lightly responsive to the environmental context and the artificial context, such as the weather condition (sunlight), movement factor of context (speed) and the passerby. Through the skin and flesh of gems cultural center, the morphing is sensitive to the intimacy degree in dimension between the visitor and the gems. And it would also showing another expression to the main street of Belem. 7
01 Gems Textile Design Intention fig.1 Azulejos tile picture taken from the chapel fig.2 passage picture taken from the site fig.3 The transition of composition from rough stone into delicate crystal fig.4 The gems source material expression in different composition fig.5 The shifting between macro world and micro world (fig.3 and fig.4 picture were taken from British Science Museum)
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Textile study
With blending of rich culture and sensitive landscape, the textile of lisbon has been developed into something expressive and significant such as the composition of azulejos tiles and intimate dimension of the passage and arcade language. The textile transition of stone growing inward into precious stone because of the compression of the gas within the inner hollow volcanic stone. Adopting the transition of the Jewellry from rough stone into the precious stone, to explore the transiting field within the building. 8
Fastinated by the diverse expressions of the gems source material textile, I explored the idea of a building with the expressions which i studied from these gems (crystalization, fractalization and hybridization) which is reflecting the sensitivity of the flesh and skin of the building toward the intimacy on the gems micro scale observation in a macro scale of building.
01 Design Developement Flower development
fig.1 The experiment on the Forest and tree textile within the structure fig.2 The Flower cluster for the Gems cultural Center development fig.3 The flower cluster structural model study
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01 Design Developement Flower Development
fig.1 Kinetic Mechanism study for the flower fig.2 Material study for the flower fig.3 Fractal expression fom the morphing flower surface fig.4 visitor and flower relationship
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01 Design Developement Flower development within the building
Fig.1 Major structural system Fig.2 Floating Flower structural system Fig.3 Supporting and servicing system
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Crystalizing the building textile with different configuration
Throughout the building project I had been explored the idea of introducing the morphing component which able bringing multiple expressions from the previous study of the gems into the building, and integrated the expression into the forest of flower which can is responsive due to its sensitivity and abilities to respond to the intimacy between people and gems. And those explorations of expression being executed in series of experiments on fabrication materials, building structure configuration and kinetic mechanism
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01 Design Developement Flower development within the building
early proposal development
Ground Floor Plan Reception Scale: 1/100
First Floor Plan Gems store Scale: 1/100
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Second Floor Plan Responsive floating flower gems exhibit Scale: 1/100
01 Design Developement Flower development within the building
1. flower cluster with gems 2. staircase which allowing people look through the gems expression of the building
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Section development Scale: 1/100
Project Development: Flower component study process The building is being imagined as a gem itself. Through the process of exploring different expressions of the gem in various methods, the various perspectives of the building are expected to show the expression of gems and enhance the spatial quality of crystalization, fractalization and hybridization process in design development of the building. And the main focus of this building, the gems exhibit area is expected to allow the visitor explore their own relationship with the exhibited gems inside the interative cluster.
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02 Building Form and system Site Plan
early proposal development
Entrance for the Gems Cultural center Building on the site Road and passage Tram Line Internal Lane of the site Site for previous floral lane project
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Site Plan and Site context Gems Cultural Center, Belem, Lisbon Scale: 1/200
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16 View from the entrance
The entrance of the building is a public park that allowing people to look through the 2nd level by installing the glass between the tree-like structure fabricated by steel and timber. The gaps between stairs of the steel fabricated staircase would allowing people to see the textile of the upper floor of the building partially. At the same time the staircase would be connected to the grid beam structure of the building to enhance the fluidity of the building. The reception would be situated on the upper side of the building plan as there is a clear glass installed for the covering of the building for allowing light the spread in the building.
Ground floor - Reception
1 Main Entrance 2 Secondary Entrance 3 Workshop 4 Toilet 5 Mechanical Room 6 Reception 7 Elevator 8 Public Park 9 External fire escape
02 Building Form and System General Arrangement
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Ground Floor Plan Scale: 1/100
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18 Looking upward to the gems exhibit cluster
The gems store of the building are being located on the first floor of the building which is sided by a void and allowing people to see the changing floating flower cluster hang on the upper floor and the ceiling of the building.
First floor - Gems store
1 Gems Store 2 Gems reception 3 Stair 4 Elevator
02 Building Form and System General Arrangement
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First Floor Plan Scale: 1/100
20 The Flower Cluster in the Gems Cultural Center
As the Gems Exhibit Hall is being located on the top front side of the cultural center, the morphing floating flowers cluster are imagined as another artificial landscape which is hybridized with expression of gems. Accompanied with the consideration of morphing mechanism, light and material, the flower are being integrated into a morphing tree-like structure
The Gems Exhibit Hall - Floating Flower Cluster
1 Gems Introduction Area 2 Gems Exhibit cluster 3 Stair 4 Elevator
02 Building Form and System General Arrangement
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Second Floor Plan Scale: 1/100
22 The Gems Cultural Center Outdoor View
The roof of the buildng will work as the solar power collector and the drainage system of the roof will be introduced in the tempering part.
Top View
02 Building Form and System General Arrangement
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Top Floor Plan Scale: 1/100
02 Building Form and System Structural Strategy
fig.1 H beam grid with steel round column as major structural system fig.2 the proposed area for the cluster fig.3 Roof system of the CNC plate of texture fig.4 Roof system of the prism joist grid
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Integration of structures and building system
The design structure follow the division and crystalize process of gems as the basic idea, the structure would integrates the major circular system and the service system( electricity and drainage system ) of the building. The structure of the building is adopting the grid made by H beam structure and being supported by the CHS hollow column installed on site as the major structural system of the building.
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02 Building Form and System Structural Strategy
fig. 1 Structural principle A fig. 2 Structural principle B
fig. 1
Principle A1
H beam grid
roof module type I Roof system I Prism Joist Principle A2
roof module type II Roof system II
fig. 2
column grid
Principle B1
Principle B2
variation of type B2
Structural Principles
Roof Grid
Column Grid
As the building grid is based on triangular module, variation of roof type and column layout principle is being operated in this project to show the variation of gems textile within the building. The triangular module of the grid and supporting structure would integrate the service space for electricity and the drainage system of the building as well. ( see roof principle A1, A2 )
The column grid will connect to the gutter which leading the water from the roof to the bottom of the building and transfer into the major pipe of the street. In the Principle B2 the variation of the triangular module is a different combination of two different size of the column. (see principle B1, B2)
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02 Building Form and System Method of Construction + Safety precaution in construction and use
fig. 1 diagram of the construction method in order fig. 2 diagram of building process
fig. 1
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Method of Construction
Safety precaution in construction
Due to the clarity of the structure strategy ( Skin) in the project and the conveniency of its location, all prefabricated part can be sent and installed on site. Due to the duration of construction, the concrete foundation will be erected after the excavation of the site and the H beam grid would follow after the installation of column. When the grid established the installation, the integration of the mechanical part ( the interactie cluster and the cross ventilation strategy) and the structure would be executed.
As the building is mainly constructed by the prefabricated structure, the workers on site are required to install the grid on site. Falling from the structure might happen because of the installation. The prevention of this assumption is to train and supervise the worker to work in a well equiped condition. Communicating to the on site workers and supervisors about all safety issue and providing any information regard to the construction is important for assuring the safety of on-site construction.
Interdisciplinary collaboration between mechanical part and construction team might identify a more efficient the construction method on integrating the building static parts and dynamic component. The flexibility of the building structure would allow the further modification. The fixed form work also have an advantage that cut down the duration of construction and allowing the installation of similar component being executed at the same time, as the focus part of this project is the cross collaboration on realizing the dynamic part of the building
Construction principle like assuring the worker work in a well equipped way has to be assured and record by the supervisor. The risk and responsibility of each role on site has to be clarified to guarantee the awareness of construction team.
02 Building Form and System Method of Construction
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1 Demolish of the existing building and Excavation 2 Locating the grid of column 3 Installation of Grid 4 Installation of Flower cluster 5 Installation of roof Structure I 6 Installation of roof Structure II 7 Roof finish and Installation of wall and partitions
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02 Building Form and System Acoustic Strategy fig.1 Acoustic strategy on the received noise from main street fig.2 sound proofing principle study fig.3 adaptation of the sound proofing design within the building
fig.1 fig. 2
fig. 3
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Low frequency Noises(vehicles) coming from the main street Extension of the front, the soft material like plywood would absorb the noises The CNC cutted and textured timber on the ceiling would work as the sound barrier for lower frequency noises The prism joist on the ceiling would work as the sound barrier for lower frequency noises
Acoustic Quality
As the building is located on the main street, the noises from the main street would be a concern for the building. The strategy for reducing the noise of the building is the material approach of the building. except the har material like steel . The building adopting the timber with texture which can have the noise wall effect on reducing the noise. The soft material like plywood would also reduce the noise within the building.
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02 Building Form and System Accessibility
fig.1 Accesibility diagram of the building fig.2 Entrance of the building fig.3 Disable sanitary
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secondary entrance scale:1/100
main entrance Scale:1/100 3
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1.005
Disable sanitary installation scale:1/100
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Ramps with 1/12 - 1/15 slope Steps with 120mm rise Steps with 170-180mm rise Elevator Disable sanitary installation
As the gems cultural center is targeting for the public visitor. The concern about the disable people accessibility to the building and inside the building is being considered by refering to the building regulation. The three main layers of the gems cultural center are all facilitate with the ramps and steps help the disable people to access the building. The ramp is design with 1/12 slope to allow the wheelchair access the building from three main access direction to the building. The first and second floor of the building are mainly flat surface which disable people can easily access around with the width more than 1500mm. The elevator is also designed to allow disable people easily access to different floor. The ground floor has 4 ramps which designed with 1/12 slope. They are outdoor located and surfaced by the granite floor with rough finish. The indoor is finished by the resin scrub but the flat surface allow wheelchair user to access to different part of the building easily. The disable toilet on the first floor is located right besides the entrance of toilet to make the disable access easily. The disable toilet and the toilet entrance door also has a minimum width of 1000mm to let the disable access in. Flush thresholds are installed on each door.
Lift scale:1/100
The main entrance of the building has a minimum with 2000mm, and the secondary door has a mimum of 1000mm.
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02 Building Form and System Means of escape and Internal Fire Spread
diagram of the travelling distance within the building
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10.6083m
6.8010m
16.4m
8.5m
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2.05m
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6.0973m A
B
2.4163m 2.2435m
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12.3094m A
Distance maximum = 27m route A = 10.6083m route B = 16.4m
2m
1.1m
Ground Floor Scale: 1/200
Second Floor Scale: 1/200
10.5m
A Distance maximum = 18m route A = 10.5m route B = 8.95m 8.95m
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5.86m
2m
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First Floor Scale: 1/200
Distance maximum = 18m route A = 12.3094m+2.4163m = 14.7257m route B = 6.8010m+6.0973m=12.8983m
02 Building Form and System Means of escape and Internal Fire Spread
fig.1 The escape diagram of the gems cultural center fig.2 Hy-tech fire resistant material company and their products
fig.1
fig.2
Emergency staircase Escape Fire-resisting construction Wood frame with Hy-Tech fire retardant coating class B Ceiling with Hy-Tech fire resist finish coating Hand rail
Means of escape The Building has designed follow the building regulation of B1. As the distance approaching the exit or the means of escape need to be within 18 meter. A fire safety external staircase is being designed and link to the second floor and the third floor of the building, The stair case is an open stair case and the width of the stair case is 1100mm and 2000mm. A handrail is installed on the 2000mm wide staircase for ensuring the safety during escapeThe width has follow of stair case has follow the B1 regulation, The structure for the open stair case is fire-resisting construction. All doors giving acess to external escape is fire resisting and self closing. Alarm and exit signal are installed.
Internal fire spread structure According to fire safety regulation, The maximum travel distance to the doorway for the three storey building should
Regulations on the internal fire spread is toward wall and ceiling. As this building is light structured, the frame is de-
be less than 27meter on the ground floor. The maximum travel distance to the doorway on the first floor and second floor should be less than 18 meterIn the gem cultural center, the firefighting stair case is 1.1m and 1.9m wide and externally located.
signed to resist the fire and wood are coating with Hytech Flame resist coating on the for the ceiling and stuctural modules within the building to meet the minimum 60 minutes fire resistance time. (refer to section structural detail - the structural module II ). For external fire spread part, the building has less contact with both side of the building. The contacted part is the external fire escape stair case and they are build with fire resisting coating to reduce the risk of fire spreading
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03 Skin and Flesh of the Building Fabric Skin and Flesh System +Health and Safety
Skin and Flesh materiality and constrcution organizaiton diagram for the organization
Skin and flesh
Skin
Materiality
Structural Module for building envelope
Steel
Steel Frame Glazed System
Glass
Steel Frame Concrete System
Concrete
Steel Frame System
Timber
Steel Frame Timber system
The major material being used for the structure of my building
Flesh
Interactive cluster
Construction Systems
Construction Precedent/ Consultant/ Method
Le maison Unique CNC milling
When the material comes to combination in my building. They can be classified into 4 structural system
plywood Melinex polyster film
The major material being used for the flesh part which would work as the exhibit cluster and the lighting cluster of the building
Material Combination system
The construction system is focus on controlling the scenario of the building, Parts and knowledge from Mechanic field and material field is being required.
Tree House
precedent projects and methods that I can refer to.
Health and Safety
The safety precaution during construction was addressed previously (The Method of construction part- Building form and system). The material being used and implemented in this project is treated to be able to perform safely during operation. Non toxic finishes and chemical free material like granite, carpet, cladding, metal sheet are being used to ensure the safety of the building user ( refer to Main section drawing scale 1/20)
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03 Skin and Flesh of the Building Fabric Material Specification
Specification of Material and fabrication method in building
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1. CHS Hollow Column 2. H beam 3. Steel Plate 4. Solar glass 5. Double glazing 6. Concrete 7. Timber 8. Plywood 9. Melinex polyster film 10. 3 axis CNC wood 11. 5 axis CNC steel
The Specification of Material
The Material used within the building can be categorized into two terms. The Skin part which comprised the hard material such as steel glass, concrete and timber which used on the supporting structure of the building. The flesh part which comprised flexible material like plywood and melinex polyster film which would reflect their effect ( further discussion in the interactive cluster part) within the building.
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03 Skin and Flesh of the building Fabric Main Structure Module I
fig. 1 described parts fig. 2 Exploded component of main structure module I
fig. 1
fig. 2
roof panel with insulation layer and aluminium protecting sheet thickness 300mm
H Beam grid with 4m triangular module
Prism joist strucutre system
CHS circular hollow column
Integration of structural module I
The structural module I is a structure has a prism roof structure that holding the roof with the casted H beam. The hollow column will be fix to hold the H beam grid and perform as a drainage system of the building as well.
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The Roof structure I
The Roof structure I section Scale:1/40
H beam
steel plate
joist system
connecting steel knot
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03 Skin and Flesh of Building Fabric Main Structure Module II
fig. 1 described parts fig. 2 Exploded component of main structure module II
fig. 1
fig. 2
Double glazing glass
CNC panel roof
H Beam grid with 4m triangular module
Wood supporter
90 mm LH motor with vertical movement
interative exhibit cluster with 1.6 diameter
3cm thick glass
H beam supporter
CNC wood panel
Wood panel supporter
CHS circular hollow column
Stair and slope
Integration of structural module II
The Structural Module II is the gems exhibit part, so it has comprised different material combination to form a complexity in visual but follow a rather simple structural principle. The grid structure of this part is a part that combined the eletric supply and motor for the interactive cluster. The hollow column will work as the drainage system for the roof as well.
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variation of type B2 Principle B2
fig. 1 The Roof structure II section Scale:1/40 fig. 2 Expected shadow effect within the building fig. 3 Texture pattern on the wood panel fig. 4 Model of 1/50 structure mock up
fig. 1
fig. 2 Precast aluminium unit double glazing solar glass unit
CNC panel roof 20mm thick
H beam 300mm
CHS column radius 50mm
fig. 3
CHS column radius 100mm
fig. 4
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03 Skin and Flesh of the Building Fabric The Stair case
pt.1 Described part in the building pt.2 construction case study for the stair case for the building pt.3 Structural Issues Identification and Responses
pt.2
pt. 1
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Longchamp flagship store is located in the New York City. The detail of the stair become the main focus of the project. Within the project there is a stair case which fluidly connect the entrance to the upper floor of the project. At the same time the stair case itself become the wall and some part of them become the showing case of the items. The project adopting hot roll steel plate as the main material of the supporting structure of staircase. The stair case are being suspended to the beam of the main building structure so it can keep the fluidity within the space without seeing any column around. The beam was being extended in depth for supporting the structure.
pt. 3
connect to the beam of the roof
Initial design
The initial idea for the stair case is a flowing current toward different location within the building. Like a river flowing through the forest And it would also work as the major circulation and viewing point of the building. Seperate steel sheet would suspend from top beam of the building and connect from the bending part of the turning point
steel plate turning point
loading capacity of the roof
problem The initial material for the construction is the material which is flexible to be bend, such as steel or plywood. However, the weight of the suspended staircase would be a concern for the roof structure and the beam loading capacity. By the way, the sequence bending of the plate would be a challenge for the viability of the staircase as well. sequence bending of the step
solution Concerning to the structural loading of the roof for the suspended stair case would change the roof design into a heavy roof with thickness more than 70 cm, which is not fit in the elegance scheme of this project. The stair case supporting structure was changed and being supported by the beam and connect to separate beam in order to lower the loading capacity of single beam. the bending shape of the steel step also being revised in order to achieve a regulated degree of vability for user.
A1
separate beams to reduce single loading capacity
A2
extra beams being added to support the staircase
A3
beam structure connecting from ground to the slab
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03 Skin and Flesh of the Building Fabric The Stair case
fig.1 Described part fig.2 exploded diagram showing the tectonic
fig. 1
fig. 2
Main structure H beam 20cm
Steel plate made connect to the beam and H beam which connect the star step as well
folded Steel plate 5mm connecting to the beam
Supporting H beam covered with clay
I beam 8cm connect to the H beam
The Stair case
The stair case of the gems cultural center is the main circulation system that can viewing the whole building from the gaps between the steps. The structure of the staircase is folded steel which sit and suspended from the major beam and extended beam of the building.
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03 Skin and Flesh of the Building Fabric The Stair Case
detail section for the Staircase
200mm h H Beam L Beam
Steel plate thickness 0.5cm
Steel plate thickness 2cm
I beam L steel component
section of the connecting part A2 Scale: 1/20
section of the connecting part A1, A3 Scale: 1/20
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03 Skin and Flesh of the Building Fabric The Flower Cluster
fig.1 Flower cluster location within the building fig.2 Described part for the cluster structure fig.3 Case Study for the Structure fig.4 Structural Issues Identification and Responses
fig. 1
fig.3
flower cluster works as indoor lighting flower cluster works as exhibit area flower cluster works as outdoor lighting
fig.2
Designed by Pacific Environment Architects, the Yellow Tree House is located in the Forest of North Auckland. The main structure of the tree house is using the tree as the major structure and spread the forces with the wooden bearer which surrounded the tree. Timber and steel is the base structural material of this project. Steel are wrapped around the tree trunk to hold the wood structure of this project. The project adopting the acyclic sheet as the weater resistant material by fixing them to the roof of the tree. Timber are prefabricated and being send to the forest to be installed on site. www.yellowtreehouses.co.nz
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fig. 4
Initial design
The initial Flower cluster structure of the design is being hang from the ceiling of the building. The flower cluster become visible to the public as it is an open space. The adopt of steel material and the steel fabricated structure would be used in the initial design to support the lane and the cluster The cluster being suspended to the roof truss system
steel column being adopted in this part to make the cluster being indepentdent from the major structure
problem The roof system of the building and the independency of the cluster holding structure become the critical part for supporting the lane and the interactivity among clusters are limited because of the limiting reserved distance among them. As the cluster moving part is the bottom, it would also collide witht the major structural part. By the same time the openess of this part would largely affect the ventilation and the energy consumption of the overal building
The limiting interactivity among cluster. The cluster flexible part is from the bottom which would collide with the structure
solution The combination of material like timber and steel is being adopted in the solution to enhance the structural diversity and quality of the space. The CHS column is being adopted to work as the major structural system and drainage system of the roof. The mechanical part is being integrated in the beam so the electricity is guided by the beam to the mechanical room. The interactive cluster is being fix on the bottom and the flexible part would be the top wooden plate of the cluster. B1
The electricity supply and the mechanical part is being integrated into the beam.
B2
The CHS hollow column is being used in this structural part to guide the drainage from the roof
B1
The sensor and the support of the cluster is being fix on the bottom of the cluster. Soft and hard material are being used in the structure.
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03 Skin and Flesh of the Building Fabric The Flower Cluster
fig 1 how the service work within the h beam fig. 2 the composition of the plywood holder design fig. 3 detail section of how the gluster being located in the building
guide part for the electrical line
precasted steel container
motor container ( refering to flower cluster detail scale 1/5)
The steel plate Theplywood holder
Drilled nut radius 5mm
Steel component Axis for the plywood
Rubber sheet thickness 1mm Pin radius 3mm
Steel nut radius 5mm Plywood thickness 1mm width with melinex polyster film attached
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double glazing solar glass unit CNC wood plate with texture thickness 20mm
gutter with 2% slope
LH motor
gems lighting system gems
1mm plywood with 0.5mm melinex polyster film attached
matrix of pressure sensor embbedded
30mm thickness glass CNC wood plate thickness 20mm with texture
CHS hollow column 100 mm radius
Section of The Gems Cultural Center Scale: 1/20
The Flower Cluster Section Scale:1/40
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03 Skin and Flesh of the Building Fabric The Flower Cluster
fig.1 Flower cluster changing scenario fig.2 1/20 physical model mock up
fig. 1
When gems viewer entering the sensor matrix
fig. 2
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When gems viewer is approaching
When gems viewer stands right in the middle of the circle
03 Skin and Flesh of the Building Fabric The Flower Cluster + Expected Viewing Effect within the flower cluster
fig.1 Viewing effect when visitor is inside the cluster closed cluster into a open flower process
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03 Skin and Flesh of the Building Fabric The Flower Cluster + Kinetic Mechanism of the flower cluster + Material Specification
fig.1 Flower cluster first kinetic mechanism study model fig.2 Plywood that being used for the cluster fig.3 Melinex polyster film fig.4 LH motor which would be applied for the head of the flower cluster fig.5 detail drawing for the flower cluster head scale: 1/5
fig.1
fig.2
fig. 3
fig. 4
fig. 5
motor LH 140KG F series
steel plate connecting to the wood plate of cluster
embedded lighting
melinex polyster film attached on the 1mm plywood
gems
acryclic sheet 5 mm
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The Flower Cluster Mechanical part Section Scale:1/5
03 Skin and Flesh of the building Lighting Strategy + Natural Lighting Strategy- Solar gain and natural light + Artificial Lighting Strategy + Lighting Scenario + Lighting Simulation
Lighting strategy diagram structural module mock up 1/50
Major lighting cluster
Vertical lighting Strategy fully bright
less bright
500lux 5% daylight factor
dynamic lighting
1500lux for workshop
stable lighting 500lux for shop
600lux for reception
150lux for entrance
1 Entrance less bright 2 Reception
3 Workshop 4 Mechanical Room 5 Staircase 6
fully bright
Section of The Gems Cultural Center Scale: 1/20
Horizontal lighting Strategy
Natural Lighting Strategy and Solar Gain
Artifical Lighting Strategy of the building
Natural ventilation has been promoted in ground floor part (reception and workshop) and the second floor part of the building (gems store) to reduce the energy consumption during the summer. And the wood plate textile design and the extension of roof to the south would also allow more shading in the space and reduce the heat gain during the summer. Mechanical ventilation is also integrated into the top of the building to allow the ventilation of the building void reach its highest efficiency in lower energy consumption when the natural ventilation is not reaching the demand of the building daily use during summer. (fig ventilation strategy )
The main artificial lighting system of indoor and outdoor is adopting the same cluster and put the linear laser light within it. The shape of the cluster would change due to the on going events within the building. In consideration the workshop area might function as a gathering hall for the public. The same lighting system is being adopted in it. The mechanism of the lighting cluster is adopting the same mechanism system which being adopted by the exhibit cluster.
The secondary Lighting system is being adopted on the first floor gems store part and the reception area. As the lighting structure of the building has benefit a lot for the natural lighting, the artifical lighting is only necessary while special occasion.
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03 Skin and Flesh of the building Lighting Strategy +Lighting Scenario +Lighting Simulation + Artificial Lighting Strategy
fig.1 fig.2 fig.3
fig.1
fig.2
fig.3
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Lighting Scenario
Lighting effect Simulation
The lighting effect would change due to the characteristic of the events. When the events is more calm and tranquil. Then the lighting cluster would stay still and produce the balance and peaceful lighting. When the on going events is rather wild and active, then the lighting system can adapt to the events can create an unusual lighting which merge with the shadow created by the texture within the building.
The lighting reflection simulation created by the morphing surfaceof Melinex polyster film. The lighting changes due to different events within the building from static scenario to dynamic scenario The light dots would being duplicated into series of light and reflect on the building flesh.
Flower cluster mock up 1/20 (circled part- material refer to fig.2 ) Artificial Lighting Material ( Melinex Polyster Film) simulation Lighting testing over the material
03 Skin and Flesh of the building Lighting Strategy + Lighting Sequence change due to the morphing of cluster within the building (See attached video in digital format) The lighting changes from tranquil event to wild event
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03 Skin and Flesh of the building Lighting Strategy + Lighting Sequence change due to the morphing of cluster within the cluster (See attached video in digital format)
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03 Skin and Flesh of the building Ventilation Strategy and Passive Cooling
fig. 1 Ventilation Scenario in section fig. 2 Reference of Wind tower ventilation fig. 3 Ventilation Strategy
fig. 1
fig. 3
Heat enters from the skylight system of the building
Wind direction
air flowing through the sliding window on both sides
air circulating in the void
natural ventilation Heat
fig. 2
Natural ventilation Mechanical ventilation Unheated outdoor space
Ventilation As the temperature in lisbon can be really high during the summer. As the building material has composed up by a lot of electronical gadget and system , the ventilation is considered neccessary in this part to allow the well operating of these building system. For this reason the building introduces two way of ventilation: Natural ventilation by the building opening and the mechanical ventilation which located on the top of the mechanical room to ensure the airflow circulate in the void and efficiently sent to different parts surrounded the void of the building.
Natural Ventilation The natural ventilation Natural ventilation has been promoted in ground floor part (reception and workshop) and the second floor part of the building (gems store) to reduce the energy consumption during the summer. The Ground floor external wall is mainly composed by sliding double glazing window which allows the natural ventilation happened the ground floor space. (refer to section- the external wall) At the same time
Passive Cooling Mechanical Ventilation The Mechanical Ventilation is also integrated into the top of the mechanical room to allow the ventilation of the building void reach its highest efficiency in its low energy consumption. (fig ventilation strategy )
Studied from the natural ventilation of windtower, the air flows from the higher pressure to the lower pressure and cooling down building through this way. For cooling down the heated machines in the mechanical room, the building has adopted the borehole cooling system from the underground ( refer to the overal energy strategy diagram ) to cool down the machines to cut down the extra energy consumption.
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03 Skin and Flesh of the building Thermal Insulation and Interstitial Condensation
fig.1 roof insulation detail fig.2 Slab insulation detail
fig. 1
solar power sheet aluminium sheet light weight cladding water proof render 120mm insulation steel sheet aluminium sheet gutter slope to stainer steel plate (joist supporter) H beam
Insulation detail of the roof I Scale:1/20
fig. 2
carpet finish clading 200mm insulation steel sheet
Insulation detail of the floor Scale:1/20
Thermal insulation
As the external wall of the building is mainly composed by light weight structure. The thermal insulation of the structure is a concern in this part. In this building project . The average temperature during winter in lisbon is around 2celsius and the temperature during the summer is around 30 celsius. The thermal insulation part is mainly being solved in the material approach. The skylight part of the building has adopting the solar glass to reduce the heat transfer between interior and exterior. The roof also adopting 120 mm insulation to reduce the heat loss. The pipes on the ground would also carrying hot water heated by mechanes in the building to maximise the heat use and avoid winter freezing during the winter. 54
Interstitial Condensation
As most part of the external wall is transpanrent, the adoptation of the double glazing glass in the wall is considered important for reducing the heat exchange between interior and exterior. The strategy to avoid interstitial condensation is to ensure the building has a proper thermal condition and ventilation condition. The wetness of winter would bring certain amount of condensation. The mechanical ventilation is required in this building and it would be discussed further in the ventilation part.
03 Skin and Flesh of the building Thermal Insulation and Interstitial Condensation
fig.3 External wall and ground insulation.
double glazing glass system
concrete wall resin scrub water proof render heat pipe gutter concrete slab 200mm concrete wall 200mm insulation
Insulation detail of the ground Scale:1/20
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03 Skin and Flesh of the building Drainage and Water Ingress +Drainage principles +Rain water Drainage
fig. 1 Drainage principles fig. 2 Rainwater Drainage within the building fig. 3 Roof drainage map
fig. 1
Principle 1
fig. 2
Principle 2
Slight slope of the glass lead water to transfer to gutter into the column
Slight slope of the glass lead water to transfer to gutter into the column
Principle 3
water flow from the column into main pipe of the street
fig. 3
water flow direction water flow ( from the roof module 2) direction exits
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Drainage Strategy
Water Ingress
As the structure of gems cultural center is quite complex with the combination of 3 roof modules in the triangular H beam module especially the joint part of different module of structure. The gutters so the height of gutter controlled in 1-2 cm to fit in the regulated slope gradient of gutter) are being designed to fit in the side of structural module for allowing the water being transfered to the main street pipe through the CHS hollow column ( see drainage principle ). The variation of roof type channel follow the basic principle and transfer the water to the expected ground.
The strategy of the water ingress also follow the principles of the structural system and integrated with the structural part. Water proof render are being installed throughout the roof system and some gutter are installed on ground to ensure the guiding of the water into the water system instead of entering the building. ( refer to main section - see the roof drainage and the ground drainage part )
03 Skin and Flesh of the building Drainage and Water Ingress strainer column as drainage pipe
A2
A3
gutter
water proof render
A1
A2
roof drainage system (refer to thermal insulation and interstitial condensation fig. 1 )
H beam CHS hollow column
roof drainage system (principle 1)
A3
roof drainage system (principle 2)
A4
column drainage system (principle 3)
A4 A5
ground drainage system (refer to thermal insulation and interstitial condensation fig. 3 )
column A4 drainage Scale :1/40
drainage pipe connect to main street pipe
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03 Skin and Flesh of the building Maintenance Access +Maintenance strategy +Maintenance of different parts
The mechanical room The electricity integrated grid structure structure module The double glazing system
Maintenance Access Electrical parts of the building The major electrical and mechanical accommodation is located in the central part of the building to allow the efficiency and conveniency of the energy and water allocation ( refer to Integration of mechanical and electrical service- Tempering the Building Environment Section) The 10 meter (3 floors) height mechanical room integrated heating, ventilation, electrical service and supply of the whole building. The integration also enhance the efficiency and easy excess of maintenance. By the way, 58
The electricity supply of the building has being integrated into the structural system of the building. When unexpected malfunction happened to the system. The mechanical room and the grid would be priorly inspected. ( refer to detail section 1/5 of the flower cluster). Parts of buildings -Structure As the structures are prefabricated (refer to structural modules- The flesh and skin of building) , they can be replaced and removed easily after they had reach their maximum durability.
-Glass For the external wall part, as they are mainly made by double glazing system. they can be removed or replaced easily as well as they are designed in a modulized way. ( refer to sectional drawing external wall part ) - Interactive Cluster The possible part would face with malfunction or broken is the motor part and the plywood part. The electrical service has combined with the structural grid of the building. ( refer to the flower cluster -the flesh and skin of the building section) So it can be maintained and adjusted through the grid structure.
04 Tempering the Building Environment Energy Strategy + source of energy + Integration of Mechanical and Electrical Services + Energy Conservation Strategy
fig.01 energy source of the building in overall energy strategy diagram fig.02 Solar Power by theSEGEN company fig.03 Specified SHARP 72 watt solar panel in triangular module
fig.01
fig.02
fig.03
Source of Energy
Integration of Mechanical and Electrical Services
Energy Conservation Strategy
As the interactivity of this building is based on the electricity, the building needs to consider about a balance strategy for the electric source. As the building has a roof in grid system that allowing the solar energy to be collected by unit, partial energy consumption of the building would be extracted from the collected solar power and being utilized into the activation of the interactive cluster of the building instead of fully relying on the electricity supply. The energy system will connects to the electricity supply grid when the power gain does not meet the demand. (fig.01)
The solar energy will also being integrated into the heating system and the ventilation system of the building as well. The building has a mechanical room which extended from the ground floor to the second floor of the building integrating the mechanical operation of the ventilation and heating and passive cooling system. And the operation mode would change due to different environmental condition demand under different seasons. The access to the mechanical room is a door with 1000mm allow the maintenance access. The energy plant, heat recovery system and the mechanical ventilation of the building is run from here to the rest of the building. Sanitary installation is being located on the side of the mechanical room and the space for the water pipe maintenance is being integrated into the mechanical room as well. (fig.02 )
As the building energy consumption will be based on the seasonal change of weather. The envelope of the building becomes a crucial part in this design. Besides working as the solar energy balance the energy use of the building. The material strategy toward the thermal comfort and ventilation of the building will also highly affect the outcome of the energy consumption ( see section diagram of energy strategy)
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04 Tempering the Building Environment Energy Strategy
fig.1 location of the mechanical and integration
fig.1
solar power collector mechanical room water pipe room use for activating the interactive cluste sanitary installation the power plant would connect to major electricity grid when the power provided does not meet the demand
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04 Tempering the Building Environment Energy Strategy + Energy Strategy + on Site Power Harvesting and CHP systems
fig. 1 Energy source scenario fig. 2 CHP system product from SEGEN company
fig. 1
solar power panel SHARP 72 watt solar power panel
use for interactive cluster electricity source collecting the solar power in the mechanical room
heating would go around because of the ventilation
energy source solar panel
natural ventilation from both side ground heat mainly contributed by CHP and partially contributed by the mechanical shading created by the roof top texture
mechanical room main electricity grid
Control Panel
Distribution Unit
Storage Unit
Power Unit
The SEGEN EC power system 4 main components
Energy Strategy
On Site Power Harvesting and CHP system
Even though the building has benefited from its lightweight structure to suit with the concept which is highly sensitive to its ambient environment, impacts brought by the lightweightness of the structure such as the energy consumption on the thermal control and the ventilation flow were being identified in the early design stage because of lisbon weather condition. The energy strategy for the ventilation and the heating part of in this project is being considered and designed in two approaches, the passive way( building design and material) and the active way (seasonal operation of the building mechanism.)
The building has adopted the solar power as the partial power source for the electricity consumption. Fore releasing the energy in form of heat, as combined Heat and Power(CHP) is an effiicient way to produce heat during the energy is consumpted. From the fig. 1 from previous overall energy strategy diagram, the heating and ventilation is adopting the cross system to ensure the consumpted energy is in its highest capacity of usage. The heating that released by the CHP is being used in the ground heating of the building.
The product adopted by this building has 4 main components and they are being installed in the mechanical room of the building. The electrical source would of the system would come from the solar power produced by the building or the national grid of the area.
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04 Tempering the Building Environment Energy Consumption on Heating and Ventilation + Seasonal Scenario on energy consumption + Passive way + Active way
fig.1
fig. 2
Passive way Building design The building arrangement - (Shading) the main entrance of the gems cultural center is facing to the main street which is the south side received most sunlight. The solar gain would create heat in the building but in the plan arrangement the building has extended the depth of the facade by locating the interactive cluster at the front of the entrance which creates a shading space for the interior to balance the heat gain during the summer.(fig. 01)
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-Active way
Seasonal operation of the building mechanism (cross system) During the summer, when the electricity consumption would goes to ventilation and mechanical cooling system, and the heat produced by the ventilation would be cooled by the borehole cooling system (fig.02) which extracted the water from the ground During the winter, the heating would be where most of the energy consumption goes into. The heating pipes being embedded in the ground would give heat to the floor. By the same time, the heat from the mechanism would be utilized as the heat source of the building.
fig.1
energy consumption in summer
fig. 2
energy consumption in winter
04 Tempering the Building Environment Water Supply and Water Disposing
fig.1 water supply and disposing strategy diagram
Sewage
Waste Waste source Waste water filtering Clean water Disposing the water into the main drainage system Accepting the water from the main water tank Draining the water and disposing them through column Main Water Grid Main Drainage Grid
Water Supply The main water supply of the building is from the Main Water Grid from the Main street. Through introducing the clean water form the grid, the water would be pumped and collected into the main tank which located on the first floor of the building to ensure the pressure enough for the flushing use in the sanitary system. Water disposing - waste water from the drainage system, the water would be collected from the sanitary system of the building. After that, the water would be filtered and disposed to the main drainage system of the main street. - Water from the roof would follow the roof structure and being transfered to the main drainage grid as well.
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04 Tempering the Building Environment Environmental Impact + Chosen material + Building Life cycles
fig. 1 material specification location within the building fig. 2 implemented major materials fig. 3 solar glass and CNC panel
fig.1
fig.2
fig. 3
Chosen Material
Environmental Impact on chosen material
Life cycle of the building
The following is the chosen material for the building, which can be categorized into a few part.
In building environment The shading created by the CNC fabricated wood plate which placed on the top of the building under the double solar glass unit roof would also create more shading for the building. And those shading would reduce the heat gain and the energy consumption for the ventilations as well. The material of the building- (Solar glass) The majority part in material of each floor of the building is glass, which making the thermal insulation a concern. Responding to this concern, the building adopts the product of solar glass ( fig. 03) replacing the traditional glass and arrange them in double layers so the heat and coldness can be trapped between the gap of the double skin.
Most part of the building is designed with the module manner in consideration to its future maintenance and extension of life cycle. The material in it can be easily replaced as they are prefabricated. The
Chosen material 1 - Steel Steel material already has certain module that can be chosen as the base material for realizing the structural module. The steel structure can be easily and efficiently being established and can be decomposed easily as well. They can be recycled can easily removed and modifie. Chosen material 2 - Double Glazing unit The double glazing unit is being used as the external wall and the roof part of the building. The double glazing system would reduce the heat exchange within the surface so it can reduce thermal loss and condensation in order to keep a well controlled condition of the building. Chosen material 3 - Timber The timber is being design with texture pattern and modulized so it can be constructed and sent on site easily. The parts will also work as soft material for reducing the noises(refer to acoustic part) and controlling the light quality within the building (refer to lighting strategy part)
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Chosen material 4- Plywood The Flower cluster of the building has use the plywood as the main material for construction. Plywood can be easily obtained and changed due to the flexibility of change from the design ( refer to Flower cluster design description).
In Local Community The majority parts of the building like steel, timber and glass are obtained from the local market, which would help cutting down the transporation expenses and also boost up the local material economy.
pattern of the building can change within the major structure. Most components that would crack within a 5 years- 10 years period are designed to have the capacity of replacement easily. Such as plywood, timber, and double glazing unit of the building (see flower cluster detail, section) The steel and double glazing unit can last for decades or even centuries under a condition that without any other destructive behaviour on these structure. The timber and the wood panel will follow a patterned module which can be easily replace when some cracks start to occur on the material.
05 Procuring the Building Context Analysis fig. 01 Yearly average temperature and rainfall record of Lisbon district (from http://content.nileguide.com/user/nile/guides/lisbon)
+ Local context and responses + Financial Context + Role of building and geographical location
fig. 02 Preliminary information about local context -portugal building procedure
Fig. 01
Fig. 02
Stages of planning
Architectural project developmnet
Specialist project development
Involved person or organization
Accredited architect
Accredited engineer
Evaluation from Local Planning Council(estimated time length half year to 1 year)
Content
typological survey, technical drawing, list of materials
specialist of waste removal, water, electricity.
Evaluation on architectural drawing and specialist drawing
Local Context and Responses The building is proposed on a site with a building and an empty site with destroyed building parts because of removal. The removal of the building need to be preceded under portuguese council regulation before entering the design planning stage. The climate of the site changes extremely due to its location near to the sea. The thermal insulation and the water ingression would be taken into consideration due to this reason. In consideration of the International tribute and national culture promotion influence of this project, the early phase of the project taking local architect as the typological survey, local engineers contact consultant and legal consultant.
Financial context
A building project cannot be commenced with the source of finance. The client are traditionally being seen as the source of finance. The client can be categorized into five terms for their objectivies: property and development companies, investor, occupiers, local and central government authorities and quangos. (from “building procurement�, second edition, by Alan Turner)
Building Evaluation
Role of the Building and geographical location 1.From building point of view With the aim of promoting the project into one of the cultural center of Belem, this project also take tourism delevelopment body of belem government authorities as key client of this project, As the project would have some indoor facilities for promoting the cultural aspect and craft education such as workshop and the outdoor facilities such as the interactive device to promote the local cultural information and it would also become part of the income for the building. The most expensive part of the building is more likely to be the experimental exhibit cluster of the building, as it needs further exploration in multidisciplinary manner and experiment. To accelerate the research on this part would need a mechanical engineer consultant to support and advise on this part of the building
2. From Urban point of view Belem has been developed and identified itself as the cultural part of Lisbon in recent years as some of the key planning project is undergoing and some historical building and resources has been well maintained in Belem. The critical location of the building which located on the main street and accessibility from different important site of Belem would allow it to work as the gate of the cultural center. Combined with the above considerations, the tourism and cultural development body of belem would be more likely to sponsor the building process.
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05 Procuring the Building Client and Procurement route + The Local government as client + Role of design architect + Procurement +The choice of Procurement Route + Protecting the Client fig. 01 contacted companies fig. 02 The procurement Triangle and procurement option on CTQ diagram extracted from (“Pre-Contract Practice and Contract Administration “ by Mark Hackett and Ian Robinson) fig. 03 Procurement Assessment Criteria(PAC) (“thinking about building” nine PAC criteria)
The Local government as the client
Role of design architect
With the local government and authorities as the client of the building would lead into two considerations in design process. The effects this building would creates on the related communities would be the main focus of the building design and the monetary and complex cost-benefit system would not be seen as the prior requirement of the project management.
Revised from Construction, Design Management Regulation 1995(CDM), the main role of architect has following responsibilities: 1. Inform and advise the Client on his/her responsibility before commencing the project 2. Assessment on the health and Safety issue of the project in design. 3. Collaborate with the construction team on the health and safety assesment during the constuction. 4. provide any information regarding to health and safety file to the planning supervisor 5. Advise client on financial context in meeting the Cdm regulation 6. apply the principle of prevention and protection to reduce and control hazards in construction and in lifetime maintenance of the project.
The architect Practice in this project is located in UK and 30 people who specialize in architectural design and technical drawing. This project would need the involvement of a design team in 4-5 people with leading of a project manager, the architect would work as a key character to integrate the team organization in the design phase and construction phase. A local architect in Belem would also involve in this part to accelerate the survey and contact of local consultant. The local architect who has the experience in international building experience and public building is the most desirable. In this part the suggested Lisbon local practice to be contacted is Miguel Saraiva & associate which based in Lisbon.
Procurement Fig. 01
Besides the major part which can be procured locally and install locally. The focus part of this project is prefabricated in london and sent to lisbon for installation, such as plywood and the detail parts of the flower cluster. The basic material of the focused part in this project would be plywood (aeroply) and Buttle’s timber company based in kentish town, London would be contact as the material supplier of this project. The aeroply will be prefabricated with the melinex polyster and being sent to the site. The construction team of the steel staircase would refered to Heatherwick studio project in NewyorkThe Lemaison project and contact their constructoion team which based in new york. When the construction is finished, then the Hy-Tech company which specialized in fire resistant fisnishing will involve in the project to make the structure more fire- resisting. For the Power facility part, the building would contact SEGEN power supply product company to install the EC Power supply and Solar Power within the building.
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Fig. 02
Time
Cost
Quality
fig. 03
1. Timing 2. Controllable Variation 3. Complexity 4. Quality level 5. Price Certainty 6. Competition 7. Management 8. Accountability 9. Risk Avoidance
The choice of procurement route
Protecting the client
The choice of the procurement would leads the project toward inclination on different factors over the cost, time quality procurement scenario triangle. So the emphasised priority of the client needed to be clarified. (“PreContract Practice and Contract Administration “ by Mark Hackett and Ian Robinson)
With following the management contract, the budget and the program risk is largely remains to client and the client has already aware of the experimental nature of the project. The control over the material and the technical part of the project need to be stated in the brief for client to aware of the further process of the project. By the way, a client adviser will be appointed to evaluate and consult the realisation of the design and construction. As the project is based on the technical interactive component which can react and exhibit to the public, hiring mechanical engineer and interactive technichian to ensure a sophisticated degree of realisation in the project.
Priority Identification The project would focus on promoting the tourism and cultural part of the area and integrating the building technical part of related engineer to achieve a high degree of completion. Quality of workmanship and design is being seen as the priority of the project, and the building should be technically highly serviced after the completion. After the Procurement Assess Criteria (PAC) assessment and CTQ consideration of the procurement route, The management procurement is being adopted in this project. However, there are some drawbacks within the Management Contract type. Such as the target date and budget control might not be met and well controlled because of the complexity of the management.
management procurement
05 Procuring the Building Organisation of members + Member roles and required key specialists +Tendering Strategy + Cost Control and Contractual Relationship
fig.01 Design phase organisation (reference from the RIBA workstage of planning) fig.02 Construction phase organisation (reference from the RIBA workstage of planning)
fig.01 People and organisation in design phase and construction phase key specialist consultants - site survey consultant - mechanical consultant - interactive technician - exhibition lighting planner
Client
quantity surveyor
Project manager Structural Engineer
Tourism development of Belem
Local architect
Architect
Service Engineer
Key specialist consultants
Mechanical Engineer
Specialist sub contractor
fig.02
Client
client advisor
Project manager quantity surveyor Structural Engineer
Local architect
Architect
Service Engineer Mechanical Engineer
Project culture The aim of this procurement procedure is to form a collaborative manner of a multidisciplinary of working environment within the project from a group of people who havent work together before. The collaboration among different disciplinarys is expect to allow them to address the same aim and target and create a supporting technical team even after the completion of the project. The focus part of the project is the interactive gems exhibit cluster, so the construction team would work on the experiment construction in different scale to identify and solve the critical part of the project.
Specialist sub contractor
appointed contractor sub contractor
Tendering Strategy General Cost Control of the building The budget of the building in term of material consumption, fabrication, finishing, and building frmework constructuion estimation have to be calculated quantity surveryor which keep updated with the contractor continously while the design and construction phase is undergoing. There is a risk of budget increase since the experimental nature on the design and construction level. However the unexpected large increase cost from the aspect of subcontractors has to be avoid by intensively update the market price of unit material as additional requirements are being proposed.
Cost control by identify the tribute of client There are three primary way to set up the budget in pre-contract cost control, 1. prescribed cost limit for employer who only build for once, 2. the unit cost limit which targeting on frequent procuring building as government bodies and organization. 3. Determinded cost limit which base upon the economic viability of the proposed development (“Pre-Contract Practice and Contract Administration “ by Mark Hackett and Ian Robinson)
Choice of Budget define and contractual relationship This budget define process is based on the Unit cost limit as the procuring organization is the government bodies. The accurate estimation would later based on the the architectural drawing and briefing on material and unusual condition of the work or contract. As the procurement is adopting the management contract, architect has no responsibility or rights to interfere with the feeing relationship between the client and contractor.
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05 Procuring the Building Briefing + Brief + Completion and Feedback +Possible risks and difficulties in construction
fig.01 Risk and prevention during the construction
Task
Risk
Demolish and Excavation
Falling into Excavation groundmight happen if the unstabilities within the ground happen
Geographical survey information has to hand to supervisor of the site . Avoid working in a wet weather.
Erection of Steel column
Crushing injury might happened in the piling process.
Keep the worker well equipped and informed when erection is executing.
Installation of Steel grid
Falling from height might happened during the installation process which executed from certain height.
Keep the worker well equipped and scaldfold is ready for the installation
Installation of timber structure
Falling from height might happened during the erection and installation which executed from certain height. Dust inhalation
prepare the CNC parts before construction. Scalfold or lift is made on site for
Falling material from height while lifting the glass to the top of the steel
Ensure lifting service Scalfold provided Well equipped worker to ensure less risk of injury during working
Installation of glass structure
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Prevention
worker to work in height Ventilation provided
Briefing process into the scheme design process
Possible risk and difficulties in construction
Completion and feedback
The briefing process task is working through the desire and need of the client into a brief by stating the following
The possible risk during the construction is different due to the tributes of the task they executing. (refer to Method of construc-
Completion of the project would be inspected by hand over, the flaws are correxted due to the contract. Clear feedback is de-
1. Specification of the boundary, site and local context with detail measurement. 2. Specification of the materials, which would sensitively influence estimation of the budget and sub contractor package. 3. Specification of the workforce management and the consultant period, the mocking up period would being emphasize in this part 4. Cost evaluation and finance estimation 5. Planning permission criteria statement. The brief has to be developed into scheme design under intensive communication with the client in sufficient time especially the experimental and complex tribute of this project. Large amount of investigation has to be done for ensuring the quality and technical achievement on this project. Besides the previous mentionioned statement, special studies and report needed to be done as well before the scheme reviewed by the council.
tion- The building Form and System )
sirable for construction team and client in term of contruction, management and building performance.
Bibliography Edward Allen and Joseph Iano, (2004), Fundamentals of building construction , fourth edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc Randall Thomas, (1997), Environmental Design: An introduction for architects and engineers, first edition, Max forham & Partners F.Hall, MIOB, MIPHE, (1980), Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning, The Construction Press Ltd. Victoria Ballard Bell with Patrick Rand, (2006), Materials for architectural Design , Laurence King Publishing Ltd. Mark Hackett,Aqua Group,Ian Robinson, (2003) Pre-Contract Practice and Contract Administration, Wiley BlackWell M. Paul Nicholson, (2001) Architects’ Guide to Fee Bidding, Taylor & Francis Burkhard Fröhlich, Sonja Schulenburg,(2003), Metal architecture : design and construction, Birkhäuser Basel Peter Buchanan,(2003), Renzo Piano Building Workshop : complete works, Phaidon Press Christine Killory, Rene Davids (2007), Detail in Process (AsBuilt), Princeton Architectural Press Consultants Design realisation consult with Justin Nicholls, 2010 Design consult with Marcos Cruz and Marjan Colletti, 2009-2010 Environmental consult with Michael Patsalis @Max Fordham Associates . Structural consult with Helen Page @Pryce & Myers
Websites HY-TECH fire resisting material- http://www.hytechsales.com/ Solar Glass- http://www.solarglass.com/ Heatherwicks Studio - http://www.heatherwick.com/ Plywood -http://www.buttles.com/PDF/PriceGuide03.pdf Double glazing system -http://www.windowinfo.co.uk/ CHP system - www.segen.co.uk/ eng/chp/system.htm Wind Tower Ventilation- http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CNZJ4kb-lQ4/SXQrvSwx9bI/ Building regulation in Portugal -http://www.justlanded.com/english/Portugal/Portugal-Guide/Property/Building-Your-Own-Home http://www.doingbusiness.org/ExploreTopics/DEalingLicenses/Details.aspx?economyid=155Building regulation in Portugal
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01
02
03
04
The Gems Cultural Center Section Scale: 1/100 (complete section please refer to drawing in scale of 1/20 )
Structural Details
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01
Structural Detail 01 Scale 1:5 ( refer to Structural Detail 01)
02
Structural Detail 02 Scale 1:5 ( refer to Structural Detail 02)
03
Structural Detail 03 Scale 1:5 ( refer to the flower cluster - The Skin and Flesh of Building Section )
04
Structural Detail 04 Scale 1:5 ( refer to Structural Detail 04)
Section Line
Structural Detail 01
1
12 2
11
3
8
7
4
6
5
9
The Structural Joint of the Joist Structural System and the Roof Detail Scale: 1/5 Legend 1 Solar Panel 75 watt 2 gutter 3 Water Proof render 4 Joist 5 Joist connect ball 6 H beam 7 Steel plate
Structural Joint Location
8 Concrete 9 Double Glazing Unit 10 120mm Insulation 11 1mm aluminium sheet
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Structural Detail 04
72 6
4
8
9
7
5
10
11 2
1
3
Structural Joint Location
11 Water proof render
10 Insulation
9 Metal profile sheet
8 Concrete
7 Solar Glass unit
6 precasted steel plate for connecting wood panel
5 H beam
4 gutter
3 100mm width wood panel supporter
2 1mm aluminium joining plate
1 20mm CNC panel
Legend
The Structural Joint of the wood panel and the Roof Detail Scale: 1/5
7
Structural Detail 02
73
8
4
5
6
8
2
3
The Structural Joint of the wood panel and the wall Detail Scale: 1/5
1
Structural Joint Location
9 30mm thick glass
8 Concrete
7 double glazing unit
6 precasted steel plate for connecting wood panel
5 3000mm H beam
4 80mm L shaped steel
3 100mm width wood panel supporter
2 1mm aluminium joining plate
1 20mm CNC panel
Legend