portfolio2010-2011

[ Ephemeral Flows in Architecture] 2010/2011 Portfolio Wendy Teo Boon Ting Tutors: Marcos Cruz & Marjan Colletti Graduate Diploma of Architecture, Bartlett School of Architecture

Contents Project 1 Boundary Chapter 1 The Moss Garden Cahpter 2 New Orlean Night Time Events -The Living garden

Project 2 Topographical Intervention ( groupwork with Linda Hagberg)

Chapter 3 Exisitng Topographical Context and Spatial Exploration Chapter 4 Hydro Thermal Organ ( Landscape Resolution ) Chapter 5 Evolo Tower Competition ( Vertical Resolution )

Project 3 Taipei Main Station and Utilities Flows Chapter 6 Observation on the Urban Heat Island and Taipei Main Station Chapter 7 Intervention of the Spatial Pocket within Exisitng Interface Chapter 8 Transition of Scientification and Quantification into Spatial Language Chapter 9 Ephemeral Condition in ShanShui Drawing -Transiting Released Flows into 3 dimensional Spatial Flows Chapter 10 The Journey within Systematic Flows and the Conditional Release

Project 1 Boundary Chapter 1 The Moss Garden This project challenges the meaning of boundary through allowing interpenetration of matters flows flows within indoor and outdoor.

By extracting the humid air from indoor and feed into moss pod for moss growing, this project expects to open up the bartlett facade with the spatial intervention of moss garden. The clusterisation of the designed installation also allow the interaction of light, growth and water flow to happen.

Chapter 2 The Living Garden In the second part, the project moved to New Orleans for participating the Descours Night time Installation events.

Chapter 1 The Moss Garden

Mechanism of Moss Garden Prototype 1:1

second floor cluster room

humidity condensor

Extracting the Humidity within the Building and Feeding into Moss Pods

moss cluster

light catcher

first floor offices

Lighting Change indicating the Instant Wind degree and Indoor Humidity Degree

LED surface

laser beam

laserlight catcher

wind and vibration

Existing Facade Line

Peeling off Bartlett Facade Surface with Moss Garden

Peeling Bartlett Surface with Moss Garden Scale:the 1/60 Section scale: 1/30

ground floor corridor

Extracting Indoor humid air

Laser Beam react with moss growing condition and Wind vibration

humid air for growing moss

Condensation of Air

Indoor and Outdoor Relationship of Bartlett

Water density. Growth monitoring The growth within the moss cluster would be constantly being monitored by observing the light intensity change in LED on the second skin.

Visible degree Day 01

Pure Water

Day 02

Day 03

Moss starts growing through waterflow

Day 04

Moss density starts increasing and reducing the water visiblity Day 05

Day 06

Day 07

Day 08

Rainwater catcher

moss and algae pod

laser light beam

waterflow

LED light indicating the growing condition visibility degree: day 5

visibility degree: day 1

light sensor

spread to the attached surface when the container filled with excessive water

Water Collector and Distributor Irritigation system

Fiber optic system

Light collector and distributor for fiber optic

Moss pod for oxygenizing the air

Time Texture that would emerge through time.

Water Irritigation System Lighting System

Water/Light/Moss+Algae Pod relationship

Lighting LED supervising the air exchanging

Photosynthesis 12H2O + 6CO2 +Light--> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

humidity sensor tracking the transition of air exchanging

Weather Outdoor Rain (constant flow water system)

01

Oxygen + Water

Moss/Algae

03

02

04

Outdoor sunlight (giving light intensity to the lightsensor)

Lighting to Fiber Optic

People People Movement (blocking the light sensor)

laserlight

01

02

03

04

Macroclimate

Microclimate

lightsensor Photosynthesis Process Sensor

Humidity-Light Indication SURPERVISION OF MICROCLIMATE Since the air exchanging process would produce humidity through the surface of the plants,the signal would be transfer to the core of this installation and brightened the led within its surface. The flashing of the LED is showing the carbon dioxide turning into the oxygen process.

LaserLight spotting on the light sensor Lighting-dim

Movement-Light Indication INTERACTION WITHIN MICROCLIMATE

LaserLight being disrupted Lighting-bright

As a system bringing awareness of context shifting between micro and macro ecological system, the lighting of this installation also indicating the movement of the passerby to show as they are part of the system.

Plastic sheet Notches linkage

Link to the Moss/Algea Pod 72.49

160.06

114.44

31.34

curve of the green pod

Moss Growing Prototype Experiment

[YZ] 113.04

99.47

Plywood

Scale :1:40 flattened curve surface

Light sensor

[YZ]

[YZ]

water tank

MDF pieces

Link to the Watertank

Connect to the plywood 5mm diameter nut and pin 45 degree

Fix to the Wall

Light Box Link to the Light Box [YZ]

[XY]

[XY]

[XZ]

[YZ]

[XY]

Construction and Combination Scale 1:10 Model

Chapter 2 The Living Garden

“The Surface Filled with Water Dews is an implication of Livingness!”

- Quoted Visitor

NEW ORLEANS DESCOURS LIVING GARDEN Location: New Orleans L.A. Artwork Center Rooftop Exhibition date: 3/12/2010-12/12/2010

L.A ArtWork Center

L.A. Artwork Center Studio for Living Garden

New Orleans Descours is a nighttime installation events organized by AIA annually. Thousand of works submissions were claimed in the Descours Website. The selected project would have 4000USD budget for the work.

The location would be assigned by Melissa Urcan, the organizer and curator based on the characteristic of the project.

I was honourly being informed by Melissa my submission was selected as one of the 14 projects of the Descours events in New Orlean, however the time frame for producing the work and dealing with the visa was short. So I decided to commission it to Ming-Li Chang, a industrial designer who has cross-disciplinary knowledge about electronic and manufacturing, who also shares the authorship of this project.

This project was not merely a challenge of timeframe, materiality and manufacturing process, but also the long distance, cross-continent collaboration that me and Ming-Li have not experienced in our previous career development. After Ming-Li arrived in New Orleans, we have only 6 days before exhibition start. Thank for the generousity of LA Artwork, a studio becomes our workshop base for the following 6 days.

Design Development Constellation of the structural clusters developed from the previous project Even we have a design before MingLi went to LA ARTWORK, however, since site and condition were not yet confirmed by descours part, modication was expected and mentally prepared to push this project into a site specific design.

Once MingLi arrived in New Orlean, he updated how the condition was on the Rooftop by showing pictures and description, and then I constantly updating files, exchanging files and modifying files with him until the work becoming a pieces of Site specified and the event specified workpieces on the Rooftop regardless the time zone difference and time frame. Our aim for this pieces was to make people experience the Living Garden phenomenonly and Tectonicly.

Living Garden Proposed Plan

Living Garden Proposed Perspective View

45 pieces 15 pieces Vaccuum 5 pieces

link to plywood with plastic ties

Vaccuum 5 pieces Vaccuum 210 pieces

CNC MILLING WATER BASIN/ MOSSPOD

45pieces Plywood 45pieces C Plywood D 15pieces Plywood 15pieces E Plywood F 15pieces Plywood 15pieces A Plywood B

CNC / LASERCUT PLASTIC SHEET

CNC / LASERCUT PLYWOOD PANEL

09vertical

08horizontal

01horizontal 02horizontal

10horizontal

09horizontal

05horizontal

06horizontal

03horizontal

07horizontal

11horizontal

12horizontal 13horizontal 01vertical

04vertical

02vertical

03vertical

05vertical

06vertical

07vertical

08vertical

10vertical

11vertical

04horizontal

CNC MDF/ COMPOSITE PANEL

09horiz ontal 10horiz ontal

11horizo

ntal

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izonta

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tic al

02 ve r 03 ca l

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0 4v er ti

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Production Detail CNC/ Lasercutter/Vacumm Composite Wood Panel, Plywood, Plastic

ertic

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1. Plastic Sheet after CNC 2. TranslucencyTesting with BackLight 3. WoodPanel Assembling 3

4

4. Vaccumming

Production Process Material Testing in the Studio and Assembling on The Roof Top

NEW ORLEANS DESCOURS LIVING GARDEN Facade Part of Installation

Author: Wendy Teo and MingLi Chang Credits to LA Artwork Center, for their generousity on providing working base Melissa Urcan, for her tolerance over the timeframe and discreet arrangement AIA Descours, for their generousity over sponsoring the work New Orlean CNC, for their kindness and enthusiatic over the installation manufacturing

Project 2 Topographical Language ( groupwork with Linda Hagberg)

Chapter 3 Exisitng Topographical Context and Spatial Exploration In the begining of this project, we were looking at “blocking� phenomenon on the site, the blocking of urban and the water, the ground and the underground. We studied the landscape principle from the chinese garden, and we found out the potential of symbiosis of these relative conditions is being appreciated in the chinese landscape, a topographical principle is carried out from the study. From the topographical intervention in the design process, some spatial pocket condition are formed. From there, we move on to study the patterning of the pocket.

Chapter 4 Hydro Thermal Organ ( Landscape Resolution ) In this part, we move on to reform the landscape of the site which tolerant the underground heat and the river water. Steam is created through the intertwining of these environmental conditions.

Chapter 5 Evolo Tower Competition ( Vertical Resolution ) In this part, a steamy tower that based its changing condition through the heat loading of the site and its social role in a metropolitan. This project had shortlisted as finalist of the competition.

Chapter 3 Exisitng Topographical Context and Spatial Exploration

Heat Spread Underground Railway Tunnel Filtered Water originally Extracted from River

05 Heat Filter

04 Public Pond

03 Pedestrain embedded within the surface

02 Exposure of the Underground System

01 Road way covered with envelope

Topographical Relationship

Dan Shui District

Yuan Shan District

DaZhi District

SanChong Industrial District

SoongShanAirport

Flower EXPO Area

Neihu District

Taipei Main Station

101 New Development District XiMen Commercial District

Muzha Area

Taiwan and Coast of China

Taiwan and Surrounding Islands

Da

Maoshan Mountains

r ive

R ui

h ns

Accessibilities of Various Urban Elements Within Taipei

Beěitóu Shìlín

Taipei as a Capital City of Taiwan Taipei City is the largest city of Taiwan and the capital of the Republic of China (commonly known as “Taiwan”). Situated at the tip of the island, Taipei is located on the Danshui River, and is about 25 km southwest of Keelung, its port on the Pacific Ocean.

Another coastal city, Danshui, is about 20 km northwest at the river’s mouth on the Taiwan Strait. It lies in the two relatively narrow valleys of the Keelung and Xindian rivers, which join to form the Danshui River along the city’s western border.The city proper (Taipei City) is home to an estimated 2,606,151 people.Taipei City, Taipei County, and Keelung City together form the Taipei metropolitan area with a population of 6,776,264.

Taipei City

Taipei County

Nèihú

Zhoōngshaān Dàtóng

Soōngshaān

Zhōongzhèng Wànhuá

Nángǎang

Dà’āan

Xìnyì

Wénshāan

Maokong Mountains

However, they are administered under different local governing bodies. “Taipei” sometimes refers to the whole metropolitan area, while “Taipei City” refers to the city proper.

Taipei City and Taipei County Historical District New Development District Recreation Area River Accessible Area

Historical Development of Taipei City 1905 Planning Map: Source: National Library, Taiwan Branch.

I

1911 Saishin Taihokushi hikĹ?ki chĹ?moku zenzu, detail of Northgate area. Source: Taibeishi wenxianhui, photographic copy.

II

1905 Planning Map: Source: National Library, Taiwan Branch.

III

II

I

III

Highlighted Development I 1750 Japanese Government was Attempting to turn Taipei as the Center of the South East Asia Old city Center

Highlighted Development VI mid 20th century Neihu Industrial District started to emerge for development of the light industrial and electronic industry

Highlighted Development II 18th - early 20th century People from the South Taiwan were moving in and start with light industries and then Heavy industries

Highlighted Development III 18th - 19th century Chinese people developed this area into a daily commercial district and Long Shan Temple as a symbolic milestone of development were being installed

Highlighted Development IV early 20th century Political Shifting from Japanese to Nationalist of China turned this area becoming a polical administration center of Prime Minister and Politician

Highlighted Development V early 20th century City started to expand from the from Development Zone I-III. Some commercial district start emerged from the places.

Old Commuter Center to North

2. Old Railway Station Commercial Tower

Commercial Tower

Post Office

Shops

Coommercial Tower

Old Military Associate Accommodation

Post Office Shops

Shops

1. Hospital

3. North Gate

4. Taipei Main Station

5.ShinKong Tower

1 Historical & Symbolic Elements Cormercial Elements Recreation Elements Water Elements

Zh ch ong on Hs g a iao nd B Ta ridg ipe e t iC oS ou an nty -

Taipei Main Station

Overground and Underground Accessibilities around Taipei Main Station

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Ro ad

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Sp

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+20 +10

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2

Taipei Main Station is a integration of various form of transport such as Overground railway system/High Speed Train/National Bus/Subway that flow within the metropolitan and the nation. This somehow decided the convenience within the transport, delight transport experience would largely in taipei main station would orienting the project

+0 -10 -20

1. Overground Accessibilities of Various Urban Elements Around Taipei Main Station 2. Underground Accessibilities of Various Urban Elements Around Taipei Main Station

A A

1

2

3 The relationship between the exisitng site and the DanShui River

04

03

02

01

01 Taipei Main Station 02 Dam of 10 meter height 03 DanShui River 04 Taipei County

Simulation on the river pressure on the dam

The moment when water entering the buffering area

River Flow Simulation on the Site Inducing the water from the river and reforming the landscape by creating a buffering area

Separation of Nature and Urban 1. Section AA NATURE vs URBAN There is no visual or physical connection between the city and the landscape of the river.

2. Proposing a Buffer Zone By Extending the Dam into a Place Accessible to Water and Green 3. Simulation of Taipei DanShui River Flow

The relationship between the exisitng site and the DanShui River

04

03

02

01 Ta 02 D 03 D 04 Ta

Simulation on the river pressure on the dam

The moment when water entering the buffering area 2

1

River Flow Simulation on the Site Inducing the water from the river and reforming the landscape by creating a buffering area

3

Re-establishing connection of River Water and Urban 1. Simulation on the river pressure on bufferdam 2. The moment when water entering the buffering area 3. Conceptual drawing of allowing water to be filtered through topographical difference

Topographical Principle in Chinese Garden Landscape Chinese Garden makes topographical change to allow more environmental flows flow within the landscape.

In trandition, gardener reforms the landscape through digging out soil from the flat landscape to form pond and locate them well in some other part of the landscape to form mountain. Through this, the diversity of the landscape formed.

Chinese Garden in the National Palace Musuem

Schlumberger Laboratories, Texas, USA,1983 designed by Ambasz Emilio

Case Study of Contemporary Architect adopting the same Landscape Principle Ambasz Emilio was using a landscape principle similar to chinese garden principle in his design Schlumberger Laboratories. Through discreetly assigning paths and programs within the river flow and the earth, the newly introduced elements blends with the landscape in harmony.

Opening

Landscape Linkage

Schlumberger Laboratories, Texas, USA,1983 designed by Ambasz Emilio

Opening

Landscape Linkage

Proposed Path

Proposed Building Volumn Existing River

Case Study for the Spatial Pocket

Spatial Impacts and Environmental Impacts of the Topographical Interference 1. Environmental Impact on the Underground Heat and River Water 01- Topographical change by adopting the new planned roadway by blending with the existing roadway 02- Topographical change by linking the pedestrian walk to the underground shopping walk 03- Topographical change by linking the perdestrian walk to different exit of the landscape 04- Topographical change by adapting with the exisitng historical building 2. Spatail Impact on bringing in the Intimacy of studied Cultural Spatial System

Design Process

+30 +20 +10 0 -5 -10

Phase 01 Addition and Substraction to create a Landscape

Phase 03 Site context attaching to existing building infrastructure

Variety of Spatial Dimension in Lukang Nine Turning Lane

Process 1- Topographical Change to form the ArtiďŹ cial Natural Landscape Process 2- Integration of the Exisitng Environment -Exisiting Heat system of the Site -Exisiting Water system of the Site

Heat Flowline

Water Flowline

02

150.16

04

03

01

02

150.16

01

Symbiosis of Different Natural Elements within Jiufen MountainSide Teahouse

01

01- Extracting Heat from the Underground Rail Tunnel 02- Extracting Heat from the Planned Roadway

Phase 02 Landscape enters cityscape

View-Framing with Topographical Change within ZhiShan Garden

02

150.16

03

04

01- Introducing the Water into The Site 02- Filtering the Water 03- Spread the Filtered Water into the Underground to ďŹ lter the heat and produce steam 04- Bath

03 Pedestrain embedded within the surface

02 Exposure of the Underground System

01 Road way covered with envelope

Topographical R

Heat Spr

Underground Ra

Filtered Water originally E

read

ailway Tunnel

Extracted from River

05 Heat Filter

04 Public Pond

Relationship

1

2

Footpath

3

1 gate

th Nor

Axis

Plan pockets on site

Spatial Pocket formed within Topographical Reformation 1. 3d Voronoi study on the spatial pocket in relation to the surrounding elements 1. Points according to existing infrastructure and heritage buildings 2. Points according to existing infrastructure and heritage buildings 3. Points according to existing infrastructure and heritage buildings

Northgate

Viewpoint

Viewpoint

2. Spatial Relationship of Spatial Pocket with the pathway

2

Within the landscape of existing infrastructure sits the manifolds, pockets of space with a different pace, quality and emotion to the exterior. The manifolds merge elements of nature, frames views of heritage buildings and bridge the scale between infrastructure and people.

The skin of the manifold controls the interior environment, level of sound and light and pollution. At some specific points the pockets connects to the existing infrastructure.

A Manifold Landscape

Northgate heritage building

Northgate Viewpoint

Connection between manifolds

High Speed train tunnels

High Speed Train Viewpoint

Existing Shopping Tunnel

Acoustic Control Pollution Control Directing Light

A03 A02

A01

A05

A04

A06

B03 C06

B01

9 meter for Entrance

C05 B02

C03

C01

C04

C02

Boundary Defining with Voronoi System B04

To Zhong Hsiao Bridge

Unfold i n g U r ba n N ew Id ent it ies EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE A01_Main Train Station A02_High Speed Train Underground Railway System A03_MRT BanLan Underground System A04_MRT DanShui Underground System A05_Highway System A06_Underground Shopping Walkway EXISTING BUILDING B01_North Gate B02_Old Railway Station B03_Bus Commuting Center B04_Old Swimming Center in Park No.18 UNFOLDING URBAN IDENTITY C01_Underground Walkway <-> Sky C02_Danshui River <-> Internal River C03_Underground Railway <-> Sky C04_Taipei Main Station <-> Old Railway Station C05_Underground Railway <-> Internal River C06_ Walkway

Water Flow in from Danshui River becoming Internal River of the City

1

2

3

4

1. Pattern within the surface 2. Heat spread can be seen on the pattern 3. Infrastructural heat extraction becomes part of the landscape 4. Spatial Pocket embedded within landscape

Chapter 4 Hydro Thermal Organ ( Landscape Resolution )

CAR/BUS

PEOPLE

Pede

strian

Pede

strian

route

s outs

route

s wit

ide o

rgan

hin o

rgan

Bath

Heating

Natural pool

Bath Water divided

River water filter

Pedestrian Entrance Point

WATER

1

Landscape Reformation Located in Taipei, Taiwan, between a central part of River Danshui and the existing Taipei Mainstation, HydroThermal Organ is an environmentally sustainable spa that also incorporates a river water filtering system and a new transport hub functioning as a first landmark on approaching Taipei.

Seeking to create a physical and mental link between the city and nature, the proposal uses the water from river Danshui to extract heat from the transport infrastructure and using the steam created as a means to manifest this connection.

1. Opening up for the other environment to Exisiting Environment in the Urban Level 2. Urban Hydro Thermal Organ Site Plan

Water Filter

Spa Landscape

Taipei Main Train Station

2

-0.5m

0m

+0.5m

Shops Clean Water Stream

Water Inlet +1m

Filteration Zone

Tidal Landscape Ephemeral Paths

+1.5m

Dan Shui River

Height (Daily Average)

2m 1.5m 1m 0.5m 0m Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Annual Tidal Raise of DanShui River +2m

Tidal Raise of DanShui River

Ephemeral Landscape of Tidal Change

Car Park

Node to the Ground

Restaurant Water Path

MRT Blue Line Metro Mall

High Speed Tunnel Thermal Cluster

Entrance to Changing Room Path toward outdoor Pool Garden Thermal Bath

Proposed Landscape

High Way Brigde

Existing Interface

5 meter

5 meter

5 meter

5 meter

ShinKong Tower

Entrance to Underground Metro Mall Linkage to Underground Metro Mall Thermal Bath Cluster Indoor Bath Car Park Outdoor Bath Garden

Thermal Cluster Changing Room and Locker Room

Restaurant Water Collecting Pond

Spa Landscape Entrance Clean Water Stream Path Starting Point North Gate

Spa Landscape

Chapter 5 Evolo Tower Competition ( Vertical Resolution )

1

2

Green core

-2600cm--3000cm MRT OrangeLine Tunnel

ShiMin Avenue

Filtered water pond -2000cm -2500cm High Speed Train +0-+0 +0-+500cm +0-+1000cm Road Lane for Long Distance Buses

+2000cm--500cm The Bus Commuter to the Orange Line Ticketing Office 1

Operation of Irritigation System

Feed into the steam surface

+0 cm Direct Entrance for train transport ticketing

+100-+0cm Entrance from the Landscape

Heat and water exchanger Production of s team

-450cm--500cm The Tower to the Blue Line Ticketing Office

+2000cm--500cm The Bus Commuter to the Blue Line Ticketing Office +0cm--120cm Main Entrance of the Tower from Ground

+0 cm Entrance For Car/ Taxi

-2600cm--3000cm MRT BlueLine Tunnel Zhong Hsiao Road Pedestrian/for people Train

Extraction of the Infrastrctural Heat through heat pipe Filtered water from the landscape

Car/Bus

Operation of the Program

Operation of the Steam Farm

Concept of Steam Farm Cultivation and Overloading Scenario

1 Transports Circulation - Bus / Car / Train / People Circulations of different transport types are integrated into the main transport system. Since the underground system is an integration of three underground tunnels, the overground transports is a high densed system as well to satiate the need of commuting.

2 Matters Circulation- Heat / Water Combination of the infrastructural heat and filtered water are being collected through designed paths. These matters would be fed into the thermalcoupling system of the landscape to produce energy and steam for the for the site and the Spa hotel.

Building occupied by the steam at certain environmental moment

1

2

3

1 Green and flower are growing within the vertical garden 2 Spa cluster hang from the ceiling of the ground floor which its transparency change for demands of publicity and privacy 3 plan of the vertical garden

Project 3 Taipei Main Station and Utilities Flows Chapter 6 Observation on the Urban Heat Island and Taipei Main Station This design is based on an observation that modern urban infrastructural systems, which efficiently transfer waste, heat, energy, water and other essential resources through the metropolis, have reduced awareness in the general public about how such systems operate. By extension, this misunderstanding of infrastructural effect does not help in highlighting the larger environmental cost of our efficient modern legacy. Here, this issue is considered with regard to Taipei Main Station – a site of intensive use and one that currently experiences high levels of air pollution and significant heat, which creates an urban heat island.

Chapter 7 Intervention of the Spatial Pocket within Exisitng Interface In this part, the study of how the existing ground comes together with the introduced spatial pocket which embedded with technologies that could alleviate the cost of the infrastructural operation.

Chapter 8 Transition of Scientification and Quantification into Spatial Language The design speculates on the potential of researching other possible energy systems that could generate power for the train station. The ambition is to integrate the flow of energy and waste matter of these new systems, such as thermoelectric energy and bioreactors, with the built environment. It is intended that the flow of these new energy systems would be physically expressed in an ephemeral way, with a fluctuating presence that reflected the climatic and energetic changes of the station.

Chapter 9 Ephemeral Condition in ShanShui Drawing Transiting Released Flows into 3 dimensional Spatial Flows The design project suggests that if we can achieve this level of energy production and integration, there is the possibility to use the flows as a transitory architectural matter that would alleviate the environmental deficit and would explicitly express the ‘cost’ of energy creation by expressing the by-products such as algae and heated water through changing condensation and coloration in the project ‘skin’.

Chapter 10 The Journey within Systematic Flows and the Conditional Release The research has a dual focus: first, to examine different types of energy systems appropriate to the station and understand how they may be applied to the current energy resources of the site; second, to consider how visual culture of Chinese landscape paintings – and the landscapes themselves – may be referenced, to provide an approach for how to represent ephemeral flows, and to suggest how such flows may be translated to a three-dimesional application at Taipei Main Station.

Chapter 6 Observation on the Urban Heat Island and Taipei Main Station

Urban Heat Island in Taipei City

Thermograph of Taipei Main Station

Taipei Main Station 149m* 110m* 48m Height

Height Above Roof 7th Floor 6th Floor 5th Floor 4th Floor 3th Floor 2th Floor Ground Floor B1 B2 attachment

8.50m 5.5m 5m 5m 5m 5m 5.5m 4.76m 7.15m

524m2 5291.99m2 12238.03m2 15051.94m2 14303.44m2 11421.66m2 11940.66m2 15183.36m2 57375.35m2 36822.23m2 305.5m2

Ventilation Machine Use Office Office Office Mall Mall Lobby CarPark/ Lane Platform Balcony

Top Floor

7thFloor

6thFloor

04

Lacking of efficient use The Lacking of efficient use has been questioned since taipei main station massive block was designed just for a symbolic meaning instead of the specific functional demands

5thFloor

4thFloor 3rd Floor

2nd Floor Ground Floor

Basement1 Basement2

High Speed Train Tunnel

02

Overloaded Heat released from the Ventilation Blocks are causing Urban Heat Island Mechanical waste heat temperature range from 70 celcius to 150 celcius Human waste heat temperature range from 30 celcius to 40 celcius Underground track range from 40 celciusto 50celcius

Roof

Ventilation level Existing Main Column

03

Mechanical Facilities Energy Consumption: 133900 KW/day Existing Column Escalator Elevator

Entrance of the Underground MRT

Escalator toward Taipei New World Underground Mall

01

Air Quality in the Underground Peak Time Bacteria amount within a m3 volumn =10512CFU/m3> standard amount 1000CFU/m3

Exisitng Taipei Main Station Interface Condition and Major Issues

The Emergence of New Spatial pocket

Existing Interface

1

9

Train Tunnel and Infrastructure releases waste heat

3

4 70~90 Celcius

10~20 Celcius

01

Filtered Water Stream from River Water

New Interface Merging with the Exisitng Interface

2

Energy Generator

Thermoelectricity WATTX locator 141m * 105m 80KWatt/s electricity within 1m 3 pa New Interface 1 Electricity Centralized Zone 2 WATTX Thermoelectricity zone 3 Heat air pipe 4 WATTX Sandwiches Modules

anel

Heated air causing condensation

Heat+CO2

Heated and polluted air from Ventilation Block

Ground Pocket

Green Pocket

Heated Air Pocket Intervention

8

South

6

7

10

5

02

Spatial Pocket

03

Garden Pocket

Open up zone within the volumn to creates public interaction

Botanic Air Filteration

New Interface 5 Open up new zone for the Entrance 6 Open up new pocket for the Public 7 Heat pipe from the Ventilation Block 8 Heat pipe feed into pocket and change the translucency

New Interface 9 Heat goes into the Botanic Garden 10 Algae creates oxygen and feeds into the underground

Chapter 7 Intervention of the Spatial Pocket within Exisitng Interface

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Introduced Program and Environmental Pockets Exisitng Program 1.Mechanical Room 2. Office 3. Metro Mall 4. Ventilation Block 5. TrainTunnel The Introduced Program 6. Public Park 7. Algal Pocket 8. Electricity and Water Storing 9. Commercial Pocket 10. Park Landscape The Introduced Environmental Pocket 11. Thermoelectricity Centralized System 12. Heated Water Flow in 13. Water being extracted through the cluster 14. Water and Electricity Collector and Distributor 15. Polluted water flow in Algal Landscape 16. Heat water creates Condensation over the Contextual Awareness Pocket 17. Water Flow back to the Landscape

1

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4 5

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Intervention of Environmental Spatial Pocket in the Existing Context 1. Spatial Pocket Intervention 2.Top View of the Spatial Pocket 1. Taipei Main Station 2. Main Column 3. Columns 4. Train Tunnel 5. Escalator and Stair Case 6. Elevator 7. Machine Room 8. Underground Metro Mall

3 2 1 4

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1

Typographical change within the landscape and the Building System Transition in Spatial Texture and ground for achieving spatial implication

1. Transiting spatial pocket within existing interface 1. Train Tunnel 2. Spatial Pocket 3. Ground pocket emerges from the ground 4. Spatial pavilion for the courtyard 5. Existing strucutre 2. Looking into Courtyard from the top 3. Looking into the Courtyard from the bottom

2

3

Encountered Context and Adopted Technologies The Production of the Energy and Oxygen Process

Exisitng Condition heat being released to the exterior

01 02

Thermoelectricity Electricity Production Temperature difference create electricity based on 70C to 150C energy amount NEDO/ Cardiff Module produce = 18.5 KW/ m3 Algae bioreactor biomass and oxygen production 1L of the Algae turbular photobioreactor produce Biomass of 0.5-0.8g that can goes to biodiesel production, by the same time, the continuous production of O2 based on the amount of CO2 input and light would be produced

Sunlight dependent area

water induction to the site

South

Proposed Condition

heat being concentrate into the thermoelectricity and algae production interface

Thermoelectricity Energy Generator U(voltate) = N( Number of Legpairs)* (Temperature difference) * a ( Seebeck Coefficient) Required Space Aimed Energy Amount 133500KW 7216.216m3

7696m2 received 50-60% sunlight 140m*110 m*0.5m =7700m3 3640m2 received sufficient sunlight

Quantified volumns needed for the Thermoelectricity

Potential surface area in the exisiting main station for cultivating Algae Bioreactor

Quantification of the Surface and Volumn

22609m2 area is open space, 8960m2 received full sunlight

3640m2 received sufficient sunlight

Algae Bioreactor Cultivation Surface

Thermoelectricity NEDO/ Cardiff thermoelectric module

Tectonic Transformation for accomodating the thermoelectricity module and algae bioreactor

Chapter 8 Transition of Scientification and Quantification into Spatial Language

Water Sources

Water Output 1

Water Output 2

Water Stream Nutrientious river water is being diverted into the site for algae production use and thermoelectricity use

Water Fog Water Jet would released the cleaned water to the landscape during the summer

Steam Envelope Heated air would be released into the envelope to create the contextual awareness over the heat condition

Water Related Flows

Indoor Garden Heat Extraction

Water Distributors

Restaurants

Office

Courtyard Garden

Main Train Station Entrance

North Building/Model Scale : 1:2000

Heat Related Flows

Heat Sources 1

Heat Sources 2

Proposed Heat Garden Heat Flows

Existing Underground High Speed Train Tunnel Excessive mechanical heat and body heat are diverted into HVAC ventilation

Existing HVAC Block Heat air is being diverted into the building for filtering

Temperature garden Based on the seasonal climate need, new climatic space is created by inducing heated air to the space.

Heat Air Tunnel Tunnel is diverting the heated underground air with high CO2 to the building for the algae production use and the thermoelectricity use

Landscape of the collecting and distributing Heat and Water with typological change and embedded flow pipe

Acess to the site : Pedestrian and Road

Algal Landscape/ Thermoelectricitity Generator Taiwan Rail Office

Garden

Main Train Station Lobby

Restaurant Recreation

Major Program

Environment Strategy Building Scale : 1:1000

Natural Lighting and River Water

Construction of Chinese Garden open up the ground for access Clean Water Supply from the ground Courtyard Temperature Garden

III

Release Phase Utilized Heat is being distributed back to the Garden

Clean Water from the Algae Bioreactor being released back to the landscape

Clean Oxygen being pumped to the underground

Adopted Technologies 01

02

II

Algae bioreactor biomass and oxygen production

Production Phase Algae Bioreactor Oxygen / Biomass Production Water feed into algae bioreactor 2litre/min per tank (8 litre-10Litre)

1L of the Algae turbular photobioreactor produce Biomass of 0.5-0.8g that can goes to biodiesel production, by the same time, the continuous production of O2 based on the amount of CO2 input and light would be produced

Heat feed into the Algae Bioreactor for algae production and water in heat held less oxygen

Thermoelectricity Electricity Production Temperature difference create electricity based on 70C to 150C energy amount NEDO/ Cardiff Module produce = 18.5 KW/ m3

Electricity Production Water feed into the Thermoelectricity WATTX generator with 3litre/ m2/min

I

Extraction Phase Water Tank Underground Heat air extracted from Ventilation Shaft

River water with nutritious

Spatial representation of systematic relationship and Quantified relationship

2Liters per mins demanded by each bioreactor

156.5KG - 234.8 KG of biomass produced perday 2717428KW produced perday

16Liters per mins

12Liters per mins 10Liters per mins

Hot Water

Cold Water

er-

d ase e l e n gr ein eratio b r is en ate city g W t ri Ho elect o m

er

aft

th the

0-

8 28

5

0 60

to

n

s ne

of

en

o

g xy

is

Sunlight 1000W2/m2

14Liters per mins

14Liters per mins

Waste Heat Release from the Site Area of the Waste Heat release 1680m2 (from the High Speed Ducts of the site) + 1570 m2 of the building High Speed Ducts of the Building) = 3250m2 High Speed System Flow Rate = 10-18ms-1 q (m3/s) = v(m/s)* a(m2) The Quantity of Heat Air per second released from the Site and Building= 32500m3/s -58500m3/s

River Water Water storage of Water Tank = 157.77m3= 157000liters Water Insert into the Tank per minute 34.2 liters , high- lift water pump 66liters of water per minute

Thermoelectricity Energy Production 18.5KW per cubic meter for NEDO thermoelectricity production 146888m3 set up for the NEDO installation 2717428KW energy were being produced

974ppm Carbon Dioxide ( non peak time ) (data from the Taiwan Environmental Department) based on the molecule weight 44g 1890 mg/m3 were created within a cubic meter 61425g-110565g were released to the surrounding every second 3689712kg - 7164612kg were released to the surrounding everyday(64800s/ operation time 16 h/day) 3600 tonnes -7000tonnes of the carbon dioxide were released to the surrounding everyday since taipei mainstation run for 16 hours

Oxygen and Biomass Production Total Length of Algae Bioreactor area= 1258.54m Amount of Algae bioreactor = 1258.54m*3.111kg/m= 3913kg Biomass production = 40-60g / 1l /day (varied from sunlight) 156520g(156.5kg)- 234780g(234.8kg) Biomass could potentially be created based on the system 1.8 tonnes CO2 are needed to grow 1tonne of biomass Oxygen according to the NASA investigation, the algae would produce roughly the 80% amount of the weight of Carbon Dioxide through growing Algae Bioreactor. which means that 2880 tonnes - 5600 tonnes of oxygen would be produced through the process

Amount of Carbon Dioxide

32500m3/s-58500m3/s of Heat Air being collected

high lift water pump

66 l in iter s so

m

fw

t

en

t po

ly ial

ce

u

od

r gp

y db

bio

re

t ac

or

r pe

y da

in

be

Quantification of Different Flowing Matters of the Building System

at

er

re

le

as

ed

ba

ck

to

th

e

sit

e

pe

r

Chapter 9 Ephemeral Condition in ShanShui Drawing Transiting Released Flows into 3 dimensional Spatial Flows

Ephemeral Medium of Chinese ShanShui Drawing The Chinese Drawing has a significant influence on the forming of chinese garden since the ancient chinese garden were being constructed by the intellects good at drawing. The significant book of < YuanZhi> (Garden Construction) in ming dynasty is a painter served for the emperor. For him constructing a garden is nevertheless constructing a 3 dimensional drawing. And since the Chinese drawing adopted a lot of medium with ephemeral quality ( paper texture/ Chinese Ink ). These ephemeral quality of medium were being transite into different layout of flows within the garden. These flows( water/greenery/ stones...etc) would be affected by the heat and coldness of different season and present their ephemeral texture with controls and expression.

Paper Texture The reason of the water flow

Humidity of the paper Allow the Texture Dispersion Humidity

Wet Brush

Ink Droplet quantity and wetness of the brush control the presented texture

Medium Brush

Dry Brush

2

Cai Guo Qiang Sunshine and Solitude Ephemeral Medium Study 1. Burning firework process on creating drawing 2. Sunshine and Solitude original drawing The firework as an ephemeral medium in Caiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Work 1

In his work, the mastery of casting the quantity of Arsenic Sulfide on the selected texture paper, and the process of burning creates the ephemeral texture in the paper. The process itself also becomes a landscape process

Hot Water Condensation

Algae Fluid Texture

The Release of the hot water and Algae from the production process

1

Shakkei Principle and Meaning in Chinese Garden Tolerence between natural flows and Infrastructure 1 in 19th century, a western painter went to china and depicted the harbour, which is the entrance of the city with a realistic drawing. In the drawing, the infrastructure of the city is symbiosis with the natural flows like river stream and green.

2 Shakkei Principle in Chinse Garden is to allow the flows from relative environment to extend into the surrounded realm and make the implication over the larger environmental context. Common Shakkei examples in the landscape.

construction of pond reflecting the sky

layout of trees trimming the view 2

layout of stones implying the interval of time

Salk Institute designed by Louis I Khan The same principle were being adopted by contemporary architecture. Salk Institute, Louis I Khan use the extension of the water flow ( same material to the extended view of the sea) to imply the extension of the constraint site to the bigger universe

Shakkei Principle 4

Shakkei Principle 3 Shakkei Principle 1

Shakkei Principle 2

Application of Shakkei Principle at the Salk Institute

Shakkei Principle 1

Shakkei Principle 2

Shakkei Principle 3

Shakkei Principle 4

The Salk Institute is surrounded

Louis I Khan drew a line of water

To highlight the view of the sea

The landscape extends its view

by the vastness of the sea, which

that seems to move toward the

and the streams of water, Louis

and meaning

already offers complexity to the

sea. With this, it is metaphorically

I Khan arranged of the building

boundary by extending the water

ground line.

implying the contributing role of

blocks to frame a view that directs

flow from the site.

this Institute to the scientific field.

the viewer attention from the stream of water toward the sea.

beyond the site

Heated Water Releasing Point

Water Flow

Real Model Texture

Hot water as an spatial ephemeral medium Landscape Texture as an Study target The Heated Water would go through the arranged route and flow towards the stream and feed the condensation into the pod and change the transparency of the pods. In this spatial study, steam becomes the ephemeral drawing medium of the spatial system 1. Double Layer surface manufacture process

1

2. Spatial Quality of textured surface 3. Condensation Process

3

2

Algae Fluid from the cultivation landscape

1

Algae Fluid Spreadth

2

Algae Fluid being pumped into the algae bag to filter the sunlight from the south

Algae Fluid as an spatial ephemeral medium

Inserting Algae Fluid before entering the biomass extraction process 1. The insertion of Algae Fluid into the pocket change the light quality received indoor 2. the admittance of light were reduce after algae occupying the facade interface.

Chapter 10 The Journey within Systematic Flows and the Conditional Release

RIVER WATER River water provides the contrast of the low temperature source for thermoelectricity generator use. River water temperature range from 10 celcius (winter) to the 24 celcius ( summer)

WASTE HEAT Area of the Waste Heat release 1680m2 (from the High Speed Ducts of the site) + 1570 m2 of the building High Speed Ducts of the Building) = 3250m2 High Speed System Flow Rate = 1018ms-1 q (m3/s) = v(m/s)* a(m2) The Quantity of Heat Air per second released from the Site and Building= 32500m3/s -58500m3/s

Hot Air released from the Hot Ventilation Block

Detail of Thermoelectricity Panel Thermoelectric Panel Hot Water and Cold Water being distributed into the panel Hot Air being extracted through the heat pipes

16litre/min by high lift pump

Conversion of River Water into Hot Water Water Storage Hot Water released from the Heat Exchanger

Recreation Space

Water extracted from the River

EXTRACTION OF WASTE HEAT INTO HOT WATER WITH RIVER WATER

MORPHING INTO A THERMOELECTRICITY LANDSCAPE

QUANTIFICATION OF THE ELECTRICITY

CAVE thermoelectricity landscape The morphing of the landscape is based on morphing the demanded space for the thermoelectricity module installation and the linakge pipe and system layout.

WATTX module 18KW/m3 is being produce from the WATTX sandwiched TE module, a volumn more than 7000 m3 would fulfilled theelectric necessity of the taipei main station 139900watt perday

7000m3 of the NEDO WATTX Modules

PELTIER PANEL DETAIL

Hot Water (from Heat Exchanger 70 Celcius -200Celcius)

Heat Absorbed

+

External Electrical Connection Substrates

-

Metal Interconnects Thermoelectric Elements

Generate Electricity

HeatRejected

Cold Water (from River Water 17 Celcius)

Electricity Convertor Room

Hot Water Release from Heat Exchanger 70-200 Celcius

River Water Extraction 17 Celcius

THERMOELECTRICITY GENERATOR WITHIN THE LANDSCAPE The basic principle of electricity generation with thermoelectricity is to generate power with the contrast of the low temperature and high temperature. The thermo-

RELEASE OF THE HOT WATER The release of hot water would be flow back into landscape through the pocket and change the translucency of the landscape surface. The gradient of transparency is created through this scenario.

electricity technology is being adopted for generating the electricity for the whole landscape and taipei main station for its stable and constant efficiency. The selected thermoelectricity module in this part is the peltier module developed by NEDO/ Cardiff university that could generate electricity of 18watt/ m3 in a constant ( maimum can goes up to 80 watt/m3) .

Thermoeletricity Landscape of the Building

Solar Light 3. Algae Bioreactor tubular system Landscape

4. Spread to the Facade based on the Solar Condition 2. Carbon Dioxide Extraction

1. River Water Extraction

Production Process Oxygen Production

Rich CO2 from the heat air would help photosynthesis of the algae. Production of Oxygen is continuous 3-6g / min and needed to be extracted from the Bioreactor to porevent the inhibitatipon of algal growth from 1mole of algal. The Oxygen would be pumped into the underground through air exchanger

Sunlight relationship with the Surface

Sunlight Intensity decide the growth and reproduction of Algae in the bioreactor. Facing toward the South to get the sunlight of 1000KW/m2

River Water Transfer

Water is Being Transfer through the Water Belt 2l/mins. The Nutrients in the river water would be filtered through the Bioreactor and generate clean water for the site. These water would be utitlized as the use of landscape. Water Extracted from the river water and pump to the storage of 969m3 volumn in total

Algal Bioreactor Algae Production diameter of the Algal Closed tubular growing system 20cm diameter

Biomass Production

The Production of the Biomass is range from the 40-60 g/day in a 8-10 liter bioreactor based on the received sunlight. These biomass could be utilized as the extra energy for the landscape.

AguaFlow Harvestor(12.7m height) would be adopted in this part to execute this process.

Dewatering Process

This process is dewatering the water from the Mature Algae Fluid daily with Biomass harvestor. The water would be fed into the thermoelectricity process or for the use of the building

5. Algal Harvestor

Algae Bioreactor Production of Oxygen and Biomass Algal Bioreactor producing efficiency is affected largely by the input of CO2/ sunlight / nutrient in water and the temperature. The control of temperature would help algal for reproduction. By the same time, the oxygen (post product) of the photosynthesis has to be taken continuously from the bioreactor since it would inhibit algal from next photosynthesis process. In this case, the heat would dissolve it from the water and pumped into the heat exchanger for the underground air Ventilation With the potential of Heated air with rich carbon dioxide and the nutrientious river water,the algal bioreactor is being adopted in the landscape to produce the the oxygen to feed back to the site. The selection of the algae type is the local algea (taiwan Chorella) that could be obtain from the Danshui River of the Site.

1 Heat 8

Heat Exchanger 3 6

4 Hot Water

Energy Convertor

Thermoelectricity Landscape 9 Algae Bioreactor Landscape

River Water 2

5

7

Algae Fluid

Biomass Convertor

10 Oxygen

Oxygen Ventilator

System Circulation The major systems of the building would change the expression of the landscape based on the properties of the post product and their expression within the spatial system. 3 major spatial types were developed from framing this expression. At the same time, the intertwining relationship of the infrastructure and recreation also create different way of viewing this spatial change.

System Identification Extraction of Elements 1. Heat Extraction 2. Water Extraction Transitor of Energy / Algae Biomass / Oxygen 3. Heat Exchanger-2nd Floor 4. Thermoelectricity landscape (7000m3NEDO Generator X) - 2nd Floor 5. Algae Bioreactor (850m3)- 4th Floor 6. Energy Convertor ( 723m3) - 2nd Floor 7. Biomass Harvestor (1734m3) - 3rd Floor Post Product Flows 8. Hot Water Flow - Thermolandscape to Ground Floor 9. Algae Fluid Flow - Algae Bioreactor Zone to 2nd-4th Floor 10. Oxygen Belt Ventilation - Algae Bioreactor Zone to B1 Floor Thermoelectricity Landscape Algae Fluid Flow Landscape Condensation Landscape

Spatial Zone based on the post product (ephemeral medium) flow

Hot Water Electricity Water Biomass

11

10 9 12

8

7

13

1

2 6

4 14 5

3

1

The Journey Intertwinng Experience of Energy Production and Landscape of Dynamic Texture 1. Physical Model of intertwining Body - View From Underneath 1. Algae Cultivation Roof 2. Thermoelectricity Energy Production Zone 3. Biomass Collector 4. Hot Water Pocket 5. Service Core 6. Algae Release Skin 7. Electricity Collecting Center 8. Vertical Circulation Core 9. Bus Station 10. Biomass Extractor 11. Hor Air Extractor 12. Bus Route 13. Water Tank 14. Access from South West Side

Second Floor

Third Floor

Fourth Floor

Roof Floor

32

34

30

27

38

35

36

26

29

37

A8

31

33

28

A8 Dewatering Process of Algae Fluid

A7 Hot Air Extracted from the Ground

A6 Cold Water Flow within the Landscape

Landscape

A5 Hot Water Flow into Thermoelectricity

A4 Oxygen Air Belt Transfer

A3 Hot Water flow

A2 Water extracted from the Landscape

A1 Excessive Hot Water return to the Sewage

32 Mechanical Room

31 Toward the Algae Landscape

30 Restaurant

29 Electricity Transfer

28 Biomass Harvestor

Performance

38 Algae Fluid Facade for Building

37 Air Ventilation

36 Water distribute

35 Water from River /storage

34 Algae Fluid Collector

33 Algae Bioreactor Production

Ground Floor

First Floor

3

9

7

10

21 20

12

19

A2

1

25

A4

A1

A3

17

18

8

10

11

9

20 21

A5

10

13

9

A4

17

24

15

4

14

5

2

16

6

A7

23

22

13 Toilet

12 Mechanical Room

11 Vertical Circulation Core

10 Escalator to First Floor

9 Escalator to Underground

8 Office Area

7 Restaurant

6 Waiting Area

5 Ticketing Center

4 Bus Entrance

3West Entrance

2 North Entrance

1 Major Entrance

21 Escalator to Underground

20 Escalator to second Floor

19 Mechanical Room

18 Toilet

17 Shops

16 Bus Watiting Area

15 Bus Platform

14 Office Zone

27 Mechanical Room

26 Recreation Center

25 Restaurant

24 Control Room

23 Heat Exchanger

22 Electricity Convertor and Saver

structure would be introduced into the spatial pocket.

Spatial Aesthetic and Thermal Performance, the post product of the infra-

of the Electricity Generation and the Algae Production. By optimizing the

Passenger Circulation within the building is intertwine with the operation

Intertwining of System and Human Circulation

North Entrance

Vertical Circulation Core Access to different Floor of the Building

Hot Water Flow Causing the condensation

2

Major Entrance

Landscape of drawing with gradient transparency and green

1

The route of the entrance toward the vertical core of the building is the journey of experiencing the beauty of ephemeral medium shifting from building infrastructure.

1. Major Entrance of the Taipei Main Station 2. Gradient Transparency of the Landscape from the journey walking inward Vertical Circulation Core 1 Lift 2 Escalator 3 Bus Commuting Center 4 Algae Pocket 5 Facilities Layer s 6 Algae Landscape

Fourth Level 6

Third Level

5 3

Second Level

First Level

4

Ground Level

1

2

B1 Level

Looking upward from underneath 1-The Light Pocket moment from the underground 2- The weaving texture seen from underground

Taipei Main Station Performance From Underneath 1 Vertical Circulation Core 2 Shops 3 Office 4 Shops 5 Ticketing Center 6 Long DistanceBus 7 High Speed Train Platform 8 River

Taipei Main Station Structural Overview

Program Arrangement of Taipei Main Station Section Scale :1/500

1 Lobby 2 Grand Hall 3 Ticketing Center 4 Transiting Area 5 Bus Station 6 Escalator to B2 Platform 7 Vertical Circulation Core 8 High Speed Train Platform 9 Algal Bioreactor 10 Thermoelectricity 11 Electricity Center 12 Heat Exchanger 13 Restaurants 14 Shops 15 Roof Garden

15

5th Floor

9 4th Floor

10 12

13

3rd Floor

11 2nd Floor

5

7

1

4 14

3

1st Floor

Ground Floor

2 B1 Floor

8

6

B2 Floor

Taipei Main Station Ephemeral Condition and its Climatic Influence

Ephemeral Condition 1 Purpose

: Hot Water and Condensation : Warmth Provider/ Hot Water Filter

Ephemeral Condition 2 Purpose

: Algae Fluid and Coloration : Solar Filter/Algae Cultivation

Taipei Monthly Average Temperature Diagram January 15.2 Celsius Febuary 15.2 Celsius March 17.3 Celsius April 21 Celsius May 24.3 Celsius June 26.7 Celsius July 28.4 Celsius August 28.2 Celsius September 26.6 Celsius October 23.3 Celsius November 20.2 Celsius December 17 Celsius

30

July

25 October

Ephemeral Condition 1

20 April 15

Celsius/ Time

Ephemeral Condition 2

January

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

Daily Temperature Difference (average)

Top Floor Plan Scale:1/1000

Grand Hall

Winter Scenario During cold night, the hotwater is released to the spatial pocket to keep the warmth of Grand Hall. At the same time, it also creates translucency from layers of space

Summer Scenario During summer day, the solar light had flooded the Grand Hall and creates a unpleasant microclimate.

Algae Fluid fills in the facade pocket and filters the sunlight.

5 1

6

2

Route A

RouteB 3 4

1 Developed Algal Fluid Transfering Pipe

2 Laminated EFTE 3 Structure with Embedded Pipes

4 Pipe Joint to Laminated EFTE

System of Conditional Algal Fluid Flow Route A- Algae Fluid being transfered to AguaFlow Dewatering System Route B- Algae Fluid being transfered to Facade Pocket 1 Pipe toward dewatering system 2 Algal Fluid Transiting point, releasing to conditional releasing point based on indoor thermal condition 3 Releasing Algal Fluid to the pipe 4 Algal Facade Pocket 5 Collected from pipe back to Transiting Point 6 Transfering toward Aguaflow system

Detail in 1:100 Model 1

Developed Algal Fluid Transfering Pipe Model Material: 4mm tubing Proposed Material : insulated pipe

1 2

Laminated EFTE Model Material: Laminated Plastic

2

Proposed Material: Laminated EFTE

3 3

Structure with the Embedded Pipes Model Material: Plexi Glass

4

Proposed Material : Steel

4

Pipe Joint to Laminated EFTE Model Material: Plexi Glass Proposed Material : Rubber Pipe Joint

5

1 Textured EFTE

2 Hot Water Pipe Joint

4

3

3 Structure Supporter 7

2 1

4 Hot Water Transfering Pipe 6

System of Hot Water Conditional Flow 1 Hot Water flows from Thermoelectricity Generator 2 Conditional Flow System 3 High Lift Pump 4 Hot Water is being pumped into Pocket 5 Hot Water is being gathered into hot water pipe 6 Hot Water pipe with Cushion 7 Hot Water flows back to Heat Exchanger

2

Detail in 1:100 Model 1 Textured EFTE Model Material: 1mm Vacuumed Plastic Proposed Material : EFTE Cushion

1

2

Hot Water Pipe Joint Model Material: Plexi joint Proposed Material: Rubber Pipe Joint

3

Structure Supporter Model Material : Steel Proposed Material : Steel

4

Hot Water Transfering Pipe Model Material: Latex Pipe Proposed Material : Insulated Pipe

4 3

Ground Floor 1. Main Entrance 2. Office Core 3. Shops

Vertical Circulation Core 1. First Floor Access 2. Major Escalator 3. The Cafe 4. Toward the 2nd Floor Bus Station 5. Toward Administration Core 6. Toward the Ground Floor 7. Toward the Production Landscape

Production Landscape 1. Thermoelectricity generator 2. Algae Cultivation Landscape

Building and Landscap Strategy

B2 Floor High Speed Train Platform

Access Human Circulation and Landscape Flows 5. Heat Extraction 6. River Water Flow 7. Light Pocket

B1 Floor Space and Void of the Building 1. Shops 2. Food Court 3. Station Facilities 4. Garden Courtyard

6 2

18

1

10

Shi Min Boulevard

5

11

16

17

8

g

in

iP

Be d

oa

tR

es

W

15 4

3

14

9

Taipei Main Station and the Surrounded Contexts Main Access

Existing Context

Proposed Building

1. Access from South West Side to B1

8. High Speed Train Tunnel B2

15. River Water Extraction

2. Access from the North West Side to B1

9. Taipei New World (Underground Shopping Mall )

3. Access from the South East Side to B1

10. Shops

4. Access from South East Side to Ground Floor Lobby

11.Public Garden

5. Access from the North East Side to Ground Floor

12. HVAC Ventilation Blocks

6. Access from the North West Side to Ground Floor

13. MRT Blue Line

7. Access to B2 High Speed Train Platform from B1

14. MRT Orange Line

16. Algae Bioreactor Pipes 17. Hot Air Induction 18. B1 Shops

13

Hua Yin Road

9

8

ShiM d

in Blv

5

oad

est R

ao W

g Hsi

Zhon

Road

st R

oad We ing BeiP

2

st R

oad We ing

1

BeiP

ChangA n West

Road Guan Gong

4

3

6

h Ro

ad Nort siao ng H Zho

Road

TaiYuan

7

9. Spa Landscape

8. Shin Kong Tower

7. Executive Yuan of Republic of China

6. Public Park

5. 228 Memorial Park

4. MRT Orange Line ( DanShui )

3. MRT Blue line ( BanLan )

2. High Speed Train

1. HVAC Ventilation Blocks

Scale: 1/4000

Taipei Main Station Site Plan

B1 Plan

Scale: 1/600 Dialogue between Existing Structure and the Proposed Struture B. Access 1. Access to Ground Level 2. Terrace of the Grand Hall 3. Ramp Access from South East Side 4. Ramp Access from North-West 5. Ramp Access from South-West 6. Escalator to B2 High Speed Train Platform 7. Access to Taipei New World Walking mall 8. Access to Orange Line MRT

A. Station Facilities 1. High Speed Train Ticketing Center 2. The Luggage Storage Center 3. Postage Luggage Transfering Center 4.Lost and Found Center 5. Information Center 6. Bank/ ATM 7. Food Court 1 8. Food Court 2 9. Cafe 10. Courtyard Green 11. Shops 12. North-west Service Core (Toilet/Lift) 13. South-east Service Core (Toilet/ Lift) 14. Courtyard Bamboo Garden 15. Supermarket

C. Environmental Technological Part 1. Water Resevior ( Water Pump) 2. Ventilation Mechanical Room ( Oxygen) D. Structural System 1. Exisiting Structural System 2. Proposed Structural System

D1 B1

B2

B3

A1

C8

D2

B4

B5

A2

B6

A3

B7

B8

A4

A5

C7

A2

B4

A6

C2

B8

C6

C8

A6

A4

B6

A9

A3

A12 C7

A5

C5

A1

A15 A14

C6

A7

C4

C3

A8

C5

A8

B2

A10 C2

A7

C4

A11

A9

C3 C1

B5

A10

C1

B1

B7

C2

A13 B3

A11

C1 B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

B8

B2 Plan Scale: 1/2000 2 1

3 5 4

3

Station Facilities 1. Escalator 2. Lift 3. Light Pocket 4. High Speed Train Tunnel 5. Platform

Ground Floor Plan Scale: 1/600

Dialogue between Integrating Heat Flow and Water Flow

B. Access 1. Access to B1 2. Terrace for the Grand Hall 3. Bridge from North West Entrance.

4. Ramp Access to the 1st floor 5. South Entrance 6. Main Entrance from North

A. Station Facilities 1. Electronic Ticketing Center 2. Info Center 3. Administration office 4. Train Board 5. Post office 6. Indoor Green Zone 7. North-west Service Core (Toilet/Lift) 8. South-east Service Core (Toilet/ Lift)

B1

B2

B3

B5

A2

A1

C8

B4

C. Environment Pocket 1. Water pump for river water 2. River Water Basin 3. Heat Pipe Extractor from HVAC System

B6

B7

A3

A4

B8

A5

C7

C8 C6

A6

A7

C7 C5

A5 B6

A6 A4

C4

A2

B2

C6

A7

C3

B3

A1 C5

A8

C3 C2

B1

C4

A9

C3

C2 C1

B5

A10

C1

A8

C2

A11

B4

A3 C1 B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

B8

1st Floor Scale: 1/600

Intertwining of Environment based Spatial Pockets A. Station Facilities 1. Bus Station 2. Bus Stop Area 3. Waiting Area 4. Bus Ticketing Stands 5. Smoking Room 6. Cafe 7. Mechanical Room 8. Hot Water Transfer 9. North-west Service Core 10.South-east Service Core 11. Office Core

B1

B2

B3

A2

A1

C8

B4

B5

B6

A3

B7

B8

A4

A5

C7

C8 C6

A6

C7

A9 C5

A6

A2

C6

A1

A8

C4

A7

A7

C3

A3 A4

C5

A8

C2

A5

C4

A9

C3 C1

A10

A10

C2

A11

C1 B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

B8

2nd Floor (+2500) Scale: 1/600

Transition of Hot Air and Water into Energy A. Station Facilities 1. Office Administration 2. Shops

C. Access 1. Access to 1st Floor 2. Access to 3rd Floor 3. Vertical Circulation Core

B. Mechanical Facilities 1. Heat Exchanger 2. Heat Air Extractor 3. Transfer belt 4. Thermoelectricity 5. Heat Air Convertor 6. Battery Room

B1

B2

B3

B5

A2

A1

C8

B4

D. Environmental Technological Part 1. Heat Pipe Transfer 2. Oxygen Transfer

B6

B7

A3

A4

B8

A5

C7

C8 C6

D2 A6

C7

C1

C5

B6

B4

B5

B3

A2

C6

A7

C4

C3

C3

B2

C5

D1

A8

B1

C2

C4

A9

C3 C1

A10

C2

C2

A11

A1 C1 B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

B8

3rd Floor Plan Scale: 1/600

Algae Biomass Conversion Process/Oxygen Distributing Process and Conditional Release into Pocket Skin C. Release 1 Controlling System 2. Algal Release 3. Conditional Pump for hot water 4. Conditional pump for developed algal fluid

A. Station Facilities 1. Restaurant 2. Escalator 3. Sky Bridge B. Energy System Facilities 1. Electricity Monitoring Room 2. River Water Storage 3. Carbon Dioxide Concentrator 4. Thermoelectricity Nedo X Generator 5. AguaFlow Dewatering System 6. Water Pump 7. Water Recycling System 8. Developed Algal Fluid Distributor 9. Oxygen Distributor

B1

B2

B3

B4

A2

A1

C8

B5

B6

A3

B7

B8

A4

A5

C7

C8 C6

B9

A6

B4

C7 C5

B1 B8

C1

C4

C3

C6

B3

C2

C4

A7

B2

A2

C3

A3

B7 C5

A8

A1 C2

A4

C4

B5

A9

C3 C1

B6

A10

C2

A11

C1 B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

B8

7

12 13

9

8 10 4 5

6

3

2

1

Taipei Main Station and Flows

1. High Speed Train Toward South 2. Grand Hall 3. Ground Floor Ticketing Center 4. Entrance from First floor 5. Restaurants 6. Shops 7. Algae Cultivation Area 8. Thermoelectricity Area 9. Conditional Release of Algae Developed Fluid 10. River Water flow 11.Heat Extraction 12. Release of Developed Algae Fluid 13. Release of Hot Water

11

5th Floor

3 4

Algal Fluid Conditional Release Algal pattern bag

Hot Water flows in Double Layerred Surface

4th Floor Skybrigde of 3rd Floor 3rd Floor

2 1 2

2nd Floor

Condensation degree

0s 1s 2s 3s 4s

1. Escalator 2. Cafes 3. Corridor 4. Algal Fluid Processor

1st Floor

Ground Floor

Shan Shui Quality of the Green Light and Hot Water Condensation Upward View of Grand Hall This phenomenon happens in the afternoon, after the stormy weather, the sky is centered by the strong sunlight again. Here is the Green light begins to flood the Grand Hall, intertwined with the textured condensation of the Hot water pocket.

1

2

5

3

4

4

1

2

Transition of Chinese Landscape into Vertical Circulation Core 1 Circulation Core 2 Interior of the Restaurant 3 Hot Water flows from pipe to hot water skin 4 Concept of Transition 4-1 Structural Core Point 4-2 Contouring Landscape 4-3 Structural / Hotwater Pipe integration 4-4 Hot Water Pocket 4-5 Vertical Circulation Core 3

1

2

4

Hot Water Flows into the Patterned Surface during the Winter 1 Hot water flows from thermoelectricity electricity generator 2 Hot water pumped from pipe into the double layerred surface 3 Hot water being recycled from cushion back to heat exchanger through water pipes 4 Atmospheric experience of hot water warming up the corridor toward restaurants

Hot Water Recycled back to Heat Exchanger

3

Hot Water collected and distributed through mechanical Center

Restaurants The double layerred textured surface allowing hot water to flow in

Pipe Embedded with structures

Walking toward the Restaurant Area ( refer to annotation.4)

Hot Water Release through water Pipes

4th Floor

Water Flows into Double Layerred Surface

3rd Floor Sky Bridge from pocket to pocket

2nd Floor

Vertical Circulation Core Escalator

Condensation creates blurry surface Train Departure Board

Restaurants and Cafe

Condensation creates blurry surface 1st Floor

G Floor

B1 Floor Terrace in Grand Hall

High Speed Train Platform B2 Floor

Grand Hall. The Winter Night

B7

B1- 4th Floor C. Journey 1. Sky bridge in the third floor 2. Terrace extends from ground floor to B1 floor 3. Pathway in the Algal farm 4. Vertical Circulation Core

B2-1st Floor B. Transport Hub 1. Ticketing Center 2. Bus Station 3. High Speed Train Platform 4. The Train Departure Board 5. Restaurants 6. Cafes.

7. Shops.

8. Info Center

2th -4th Floor A. Energy Production and Oxygen Production Zone 1. The Algae Cultivation Zone 2. Oxygen Transfering Area 3. Mechanical Pipe Cluster 4. Water Pipes 5. Heat Exchanger 6. Energy supervising Center 7. Conditional releasing system for Hot water 8. Conditional releasing system for Developed Fluid

B8

Taipei train station has an overlapped urban roles as Transport hub and Energy Producer. At the same time, The changing skins would also informing people the production condition and optimizing the building thermal condition through fulfilling different thermal demands with shadow and heat.

Taipei Main Station Section 4 Scale: 1/200

B1

A2

A1

A8

B4

C4

A5

B1

A6

B2

20. Train Tunnel

19. Road

1

18. Biomass Convertor and Electricity Convertor

17. Heat Exchanger Layer

16. Ticketing Center

15. Algae Cultivation Area

14. Ramp toward Ticketing Center

13. Hot Water Double layered pocket

12. Care

11. Terrace

10. Grand Hall

9. Algae release cluster

8. Bridge within Algae Release Core

7. Thermoelectricity Energy Producer

6. Platform

5. Thermoelectricity Facilities

4. Light Pocket

3. Shopping Center

2. Supermarket and Station Service Center

1. Escalator

1:200 Sectional Model

Overview of Taipei Main Station

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

4

3 2

1

1

4

5

3

1

2 2

System Overview I Extraction/Distribution of Heat and Water 1. Hot Air Extraction

1. Hot Air Extracted from HVAC ventilation system

2. Transfer through embedded system

3. Heat Exchanger

4. Flow within Thermoelectricity 2. River Water Extraction

1. River Water Stream

2. Water Filter

3. High Lift Pump

4. Water Storage

5. Distributing to Thermoelectricity generator and Algae Bioreactor

2 3

4

System Overview II Distribution/ Transition

5

1

1. Algae Cultivation Landscape

6

1. Water Transferred from water storage 2. Pathway within the landscape 3. Water flows 4. Algae Bioreactor Zone 5. Developed Algae Fluid Transfer 6. Biomass Extractor

2. Thermoelectricity Energy Landscape Structural embedded with Systematic Flows

1

3

5

4 2

2

1. Structure underneath the roadway is hot air carrier for the building 2. Thermoelectricity Nedo X generator 3. Water transfers within the Strucutre 4. Electricity Transfering from the thermoelectricity 5. Hot Water and Cold Water transfering