This week you will learn to:
Craft emotionally compelling introductions.
Skills we learnt last week
1
2
3
Speech Building Blocks
Introduction, Reasoning and Conclusion
Interesting Facts: Ride-hailing
How ride-hailing works and what the gig economy is
Analysis
How ride-hailing can be good for some people and bad for others
SYMBOL OBJECTIVES:
Key Skill: Compelling Introductions Learn
Share with us the favourite part of your body and tell us why you can’t do without it by answering the questions below
The chosen body part (e.g. eyes, hands, nose)
What is it mainly used for? (e.g. see, touch, smell)
What’s your favourite purpose for it? (e g watch dance videos on tiktok)
Hello everyone, my mouth is the most important part of my body to me.
I use my mouth to speak to my friends and family, and I also use my mouth to eat delicious food. The main reason why it is my favourite body part is that I use it to sing my favourite songs Singing makes me very happy
Mins
Share the favourite part of your body and tell us why you can’t do without it by answering the questions above
An organ transplant is transferring a healthy organ from a donor to a recipient with a failing or damaged organ.
We know that some parts of our bodies are important to us because they perform an important function.
There are parts of our bodies that are important to us to keep us alive. Some people need to replace these parts so that they can stay alive and do the things they love.
When do people need an organ transplant?
Diseases
Birth Defects Join a waiting list for organs
How can they get an organ transplant?
Wait for donations from those who have died or Wait for living donors to donate some organs
(e.g. one of their kidney or a part of their liver)
Match with a compatible organ
Go through surgery to attach the new organ
Does that mean everyone who needs an organ will be saved?
A long waiting list means not everyone who needs an organ will be successful in getting one Organ transplant surgeries have risks and complications
Successfully attached organs may be rejected by the recipient’s body
You have been asked by the Ministry of Health about an organ pledge An organ pledge is a promise to donate your organs upon death.
Prepare a speech to share with everyone about your choice of what to do with your organs upon death, and your reasons for that choice. Your choices are the following:
1. Donate your organs to those on the waitlist
2. Donate your organs only to your friends and family
3. Keep your organs to yourself upon death.
4. Sell your organs for money.
Assumption: Only healthy organs are available for donation/sale
Think of why this choice might be important to you or your family. It does not have to be a ‘correct’ decision, it can be a deeply personal decision such as religion or culture.
What you chose does not have to be your personal belief, it can be a choice you are most comfortable speaking about Your goal is to convey the meaning behind your decision and why that is important to you.
Donate your organs to those waiting for organ transplants. 1
Donate your organs only to your friends and family members.
Keep your organs to yourself upon death.
Sell your organs for money.
Donate your organs to those waiting for organ transplants. 1
Donate your organs only to your friends and family members. 2
Keep your organs to yourself upon death.
Sell your organs for money.
Let’s try it again
Remember to try and improve your speech based on the feedback you got. You can try to be creative in the way you express your thoughts and feelings. You can use some examples if that helps
Time 5 Mins 1 Min
Preparation
Speaking
Remember to improve your speech based on the feedback you got You can try to be creative in your thoughts and feelings You can use some examples if that helps.
This time with a different opinion from the one you chose.
Criteria for receiving an available organ
The Severity of Medical Condition
Higher danger of dying
Time on the Waitlist
First-come-first-serve
Bloodtype Match
Lesser risk of organ rejection and organ failure
Age and Health
Dangers of medical procedures and medication
Food for Thought: Jump the Queue!
Do you think younger people should get priority over the elderly for organ transplants?
Do you think those who signed the Organ Pledge should get priority?
Setting up policies and conditions
If you represent the government, you might want to plan how you would distribute these life-saving organs
What options do people have if they cannot get a transplant?
Other than taking medication to help with the illness,
Without a healthy functioning organ, some people have to follow a strict diet and get regular exercise to improve the function of some organs and reduce the risk of further damage.
Mechanical devices, such as ventricular assist devices (VADs), also known as Mechanical Hearts, for the heart or dialysis machines for the kidneys, can be used to temporarily or permanently support the function of a failing organ.
Scientists have been exploring the use of artificial organs or animal organs to help with the organ shortage. Ethical concerns aside, the biggest challenge is the risk of organ rejection Animal organs and artificial organs are foreign to the human immune system and risk being rejected There is also the risk of diseases passed from animals to humans
A black market is a place where people buy and sell things that are not allowed or legal. Sometimes people sell things like toys, clothes, or electronics on the black market because they are fake or stolen. Other times, people sell things like drugs, guns, or organs on the black market because it is not legal to buy or sell these things
These are some reasons why people should not buy organs from the Black Market
Illegal Stolen Organs
People cheated into selling organs
Extremely High Prices
Unsafe Surgeries
Unsafe Organs (diseases)
People who buy organs from the black market for transplant are putting their lives at risk The surgical procedures used may also not meet basic safety standards, which can result in serious complications and even death
In 2011, a 17-year-old boy Shangkun from China, sold his kidneys in exchange for US$3,273 to purchase an iPad 2 and an iPhone 4. He underwent illegal surgery in the Hunan province to remove his right kidney after meeting a black-market organ peddler online.
Within a few months, he developed an infection in the remaining kidney owing to the unhygienic operation location and the lack of post-operative care. His condition deteriorated and he is now bedridden due to kidney malfunction and requires regular dialysis.
The criminals who were responsible were arrested and jailed.
Do you think the government should have allowed Shangkun to sell his kidney if he knew the risks involved and accepted them?
"Why do I need two kidneys? One is enough."
NEWS
Public Speaking Skill: Captivating Opening
Every introduction should have 3 things to help to hook the audience into caring about the topic you are about to speak about. They are: Background, Relevance and Urgency
Background
Providing some background can help the audience understand the topic and its significance If you are speaking about a problem, tell the audience how the problem came about and what the problem is like
Urgency
What are the consequences of the problem and why are they severe?
Relevance
Give reasons why this topic (or the problem) is important to the audience Will they get affected by it or will their family members get affected by it too?
Background
When people get into major accidents, they might be badly injured and some of their organs may have been damaged In such situations, they may need a heart or a lung transplant, or if they were burned very badly, they might need a skin transplant. The way to save their lives is to have healthy and good organs that they can use to replace the organs they lost
Urgency
If the organs are not available in time, the people who need them might die. But right now we do not have enough organs because not everyone donates their organs.
Relevance
Note:
Accidents can happen to anyone you may one day need such help too. Let’s do something about this and have everyone donate their organs to the government upon death
The main purpose of your introduction is to tell the audience that there is a global problem now. We are in a severe shortage of human organs for transplant, and many people are not able to get an organ when they need one.
You are the Minister of Health. You have been informed that organ donations and pledges are at an all-time low. There is a serious organ shortage in your country and many people will not survive long enough for their turn on the waitlist. You will now go on national television to encourage everyone to pledge their organs
Inform the public of the health crisis
(Why do people need organ donations, what are their sufferings if they don’t get an organ when they need one, and how many people are likely to need them.)
Explain the urgency by sharing how people are not pledging their organs and give some reasons why that has been the case
Share that this health crisis affects everybody because they might one day need an organ too
Feel free to use everything you know about Organ Transplants and the Black Market to support your introduction of the problem
Time 10 Mins
Preparation
2 Mins
Speaking
You are crafting an introduction so that introduction should work even if your proposal is to legalise organ trade or to allow the use of animal organs for transplants Your task here is to make the audience feel like they have to do something about it
Inform the public of the health crisis.
2 Explain the urgency by sharing how people are not pledging their organs & give reasons.
Share that this health crisis affects everybody because they might one day need an organ too.
Inform the public of the health crisis.
2 Explain the urgency by sharing how people are not pledging their organs & give reasons.
Share that this health crisis affects everybody because they might one day need an organ too.
As your coach, I will now tell you the parts you were fantastic at and also give you some tips to work on next time.
Learning New Facts: Organ Transplant
An organ transplant is transferring a healthy organ from a donor to a recipient with a failing or damaged organ.
Setting up policies and conditions
If you represent the government, you might want to plan how you would distribute these life-saving organs
Public Speaking Skill: Captivating Opening
1
The types of people who need organ transplants and the reasons why they need them. Those who need an organ transplant will be placed on a waitlist with a priority order.
The types of people who need organ transplants and the reasons why they need them. Those who need an organ transplant will be placed on a waitlist with a priority order.
Without a suitable transplant, people will have to take medication, make changes to their lifestyles and also rely on mechanical support such as a mechanical heart or a dialysis machine.
Without a suitable transplant, people will have to take medication, make changes to their lifestyles and also rely on mechanical support such as a mechanical heart or a dialysis machine.
The black market is a place where illegal things are sold and purchased. Organs can be found on the black market but it is extremely dangerous to buy or sell organs on the black market
The black market is a place where illegal things are sold and purchased. Organs can be found on the black market but it is extremely dangerous to buy or sell organs on the black market
Case study: Kidney for iPhone
Case study: Kidney for iPhone
Compelling Introductions
To hook an audience into being interested in what you are about to say, we should share the background to the problem, explain the urgency of the matter and also the relevance to the audience
To hook an audience into being interested in what you are about to say, we should share the background to the problem, explain the urgency of the matter and also the relevance to the audience
