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E. M. Forster
A Passage to India Retold and Activities by Alice Venessa Bever Illustrated by Lucia Sforza
YOUNG ADULT
READERS
E. M. Forster A Passage to India Retold and Activities by Alice Venessa Bever Illustrated by Lucia Sforza Language Consultant: Lisa Suett ELI Readers Founder and Series Editors Paola Accattoli, Grazia Ancillani, Daniele Garbuglia (Art Director) Graphic Design ELI - Sergio Elisei Layout Serafina D'Urzo Production Manager Francesco Capitano Photo credits Shutterstock © 2020 ELI s.r.l. P.O. Box 6 62019 Recanati MC Italy T +39 071750701 F +39 071977851 info@elionline.com www.elionline.com Typeset in 11,5 / 15 pt Monotype Dante Printed in Italy by Tecnostampa – Pigini Group Printing Division Loreto – Trevi(Italia) - ERA 425.01 ISBN 978-88-536-2888-6 First edition: March 2020 www.eligradedreaders.com
Contents 6
Main Characters
8
Before you read
10 Chapter 1 The Mosque 18
Activities
20 Chapter 2 The Bridge Party 28 Activities 30 Chapter 3 Tea at Mr Fielding’s 38 Activities 40 Chapter 4 New Friendships 48 Activities 50 Chapter 5 The Caves 58 Activities 60 Chapter 6 Trouble in Chandrapore 68 Activities 70 Chapter 7 The Trial 78 Activities 80 Chapter 8 Changes 88 Activities 90 Chapter 9 The Temple: Life Beyond Chandrapore 100 Activities 102 Focus on... E. M. Forster’s Life and Writing 104 Focus on... Religion and Race in India during Colonialism 106 Focus on... Colonialism in India 108 Focus on... Friendship in A Passage to India 110 Test yourself 111 Syllabus 112 Other Titles
These icons indicate the parts of the story that are recorded start stop
MAIN CHARACTERS
MRS MOORE
An elderly Englishwoman who travels to India with Adela Quested and befriends Dr Aziz. She hopes that Adela will marry her son, Ronny.
DR AZIZ
A young widow and father of three children. He is a local Indian doctor in Chandrapore.
RONNY HEASLOP
Mrs Moore’s son, and the Magistrate in Chandrapore.
MISS ADELA QUESTED
A young woman from England who travels to India with Mrs Moore to decide whether or not to marry her son, Ronny.
CYRIL FIELDING
The headmaster of Government College near Chandrapore. 6
MRS TURTON
Mr Turton’s wife.
MR TURTON
The Collector, the highest administrative official in Chandrapore.
PROFESSOR GODBOLE
A Brahman Hindu who teaches at Government College.
MAJOR CALLENDAR
A civil surgeon (head of hospital) in Chandrapore and Dr Aziz’s superior. MR MCBRYDE
The superintendent of police in Chandrapore.
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BEFORE YOU READ
Reading Comprehension 1
Find the correct word to fill in each gap in this text about Aziz. Aziz is an intelligent young widower who lives (1) ________ Chandrapore, India and has three children. He’s a doctor who has a good sense of humour but is also moody and emotional. He thinks (2) ________ morality is actually part of social correctness and therefore believes (3) ________ good intentions as opposed (4) ________ the black and white idea of right or wrong. He has conflicted feelings (5) ________ the British in India but (6) ________ his contradictions, he does have affections (7) ________ some of the British people he gets to know.
Vocabulary 2 You will see these words in Chapter 1. Complete the table with the correct forms, checking the meaning in your dictionary when necessary.
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NOUN
VERB
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
(1)
(2)
symbolic
(3)
mystery
x
(4)
(5)
(6)
to open
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
thankfully
(12)
(13)
real
(14)
apology
(15)
(16)
(17)
Listening 2
3 You will hear the beginning of Chapter 1. Choose the best answer A,
B, or C for the following questions.
1 The city of Chandrapore is: A enormous. B extraordinary. C ordinary.
2 The Ganges River in Chandrapore is: A considered holy. B not seen because of the market. C a popular tourist destination.
3 From the colonial area, Chandrapore looks: A attractive. B mysterious. C desolate.
4 Mahmoud Ali and Hamidullah were discussing: A whether British people were better than Indians. B whether British people were friendly. C whether Indians and British people could be friends. 5 The friends agreed that: A Indians and English people could be friends only in England. B Indians and English people could never be friends. C Indians and English people could only be friends in India. 6 It takes ___________ for British women to become intolerable. A two years B two months C six months
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Chapter 1
The Mosque
2 The small city of Chandrapore is an ordinary city, except for the
mysterious Marabar Caves which are in the hills in the distance. In this city the Ganges River is not considered holy and there are no steps to walk to the water. The view of the river is hidden by the markets. The nicest houses in the city come from two hundred years ago. The rest of the landscape is dirty and dull. Beyond the city are the British buildings which are efficient and simple. From this view Chandrapore looks pretty because the worst parts of it are not seen because of the thick greenery and fruit trees beyond the railway running parallel to the river. People who are new to the area must be driven down to the centre in order to understand how it is in reality. The only thing that connects the two contrasting areas is the sky which is ever-present. A young man named Aziz arrived at his uncle Hamidullah’s home by bicycle. ‘I’m so sorry for being late!’ His other friend Mahmoud Ali had arrived before him and the two of them were discussing whether Indians and English people can be friends. Mahmoud Ali and Hamidullah had been talking about their varying experiences with British people, both positive and negative. In the end, the friends came to the decision that Indians could only be friends with an English person if they both live in England.
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a passage to india
‘It takes two years for an Englishman and six months for an Englishwoman in India to become unbearable,’ said Hamidullah. 3 Before dinner Aziz spoke with Hamidullah’s wife (who was also his aunt) through a purdah*. ‘You should have remarried after your wife’s death.’ ‘One marriage is enough for me,’ said Aziz. Though his children had moved to a different city to live with his mother-in-law, he could see them whenever he wanted to. They sat down to eat dinner with Hamidullah’s cousin and Aziz happily started reading poetry aloud, something he loved to do. The guests were entertained by this typical Indian way of publically reciting poems. Unfortunately, Aziz was interrupted by a servant who handed him a note saying that he needed to go to Major Callendar’s bungalow* right away. This made Aziz quite frustrated but Callendar, the head of the hospital, was his boss. He had to leave dinner and abandon his poetry reading to find out what Callendar needed. On the way to the Callendars, Aziz got a puncture* in his bike tyre so he hired a tonga*to take him. As soon as Aziz arrived at Callendar's bungalow, two English ladies, Mrs Callendar and Mrs Lesley, came out of the house and rudely stepped up into his tonga and left. Discovering that Major Callendar had gone out without having left a message for him, Aziz decided not to write a note. He simply told the servant to advise the major that Aziz had in fact come as requested. Since all the tongas of Chandrapore were at the Club and the ladies had taken his, Aziz decided to walk home. While walking in the night air, Aziz decided to stop to rest at his favourite mosque. He always felt very at home there and believed the mosque to be a symbol of Islam and love. He was purdah a curtain worn or used by women so they are separated from men and strangers bungalow a building developed in India which is a type of low house with one storey or upper rooms on the roof
puncture a small hole in a tyre tonga a small carriage used in India led by a horse or a donkey
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e.m. forster
filled with emotion and started to cry. Suddenly he saw a column moving which he thought might be a ghost! He had confused the column for an Englishwoman and Aziz was not happy about her being there. ‘Madam! You cannot be here. This is a mosque and it is a holy place! And take off your shoes!’ Aziz shouted angrily. ‘But I did take them off. I left them at the entrance to the mosque. I know that God is here.’ The woman spoke cautiously. ‘I’m sorry, I thought you were just like the other English ladies. What’s your name?’ The woman shyly told him that her name was Mrs Moore. She had decided to leave the Club earlier because she had seen play before in London and it was too hot for her inside. ‘I’m so sorry for scaring you but it isn’t a good idea to go out at night by yourself.’ This started a friendly conversation between them. Aziz told Mrs Moore that he was a doctor and she mentioned that her son was Ronny Heaslop, the City Magistrate. Aziz knew him well. Then the two discovered that they both have two sons and a daughter. As the conversation became more relaxed, Aziz revealed that he did not like Mrs Callendar. Mrs Moore seemed to be sympathetic towards him so he continued to talk to her about how he’d been treated badly on various occasions by British people. ‘You’re an Oriental because you can sense who you like and who you don’t like,’ he told Mrs Moore before walking her to the Club. ‘I would invite you in but I am not a member,’ Mrs Moore said as they arrived at the gates. ‘I am an Indian so I can never go to the Club, not even with the
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e.m. forster
invitation of a guest,’ replied Aziz plainly as he walked away. On the path he looked at the beautiful moon and his treasured mosque and felt content. Mrs Moore entered the Club again and met Adela Quested, the woman she had accompanied to India from England to possibly marry her son. As neither of them wanted to watch the play, they chatted together to pass the time. Adela told her that she wanted to see authentic India and Mrs Moore felt the same. Mrs Moore was tired after her walk and bored of her surroundings. She began thinking about how her new life was dull, especially after the exciting journey they’d taken to arrive there. Her thoughts were interrupted by Mr Turton, the Collector* who offered drinks to the two women. He went on to speak of Mrs Moore’s son who was helping out with the play, giving him many compliments and saying that Ronny was a man of honour. His mother was quite surprised by this as she had never thought of her son in that way. After the performance finished, Ronny joined the two women. ‘I want to see the real India!’ Adela said. Hearing this, the women at the club looked at Adela strangely. Being quite racist towards the Indians, they were surprised by her interest to want to meet Indians and know their country. ‘Indians cannot be trusted!’ the women warned Miss Quested. Ronny asked Cyril Fielding, the headmaster at Government College, his advice on seeing ‘the real India’ and he replied: ‘Go see real Indians if you want to see the real India,’ and walked away. The English ladies were shocked by his comment and continued to speak about the Indians quite harshly until Mr Turton interrupted them. *a Collector was the most important British official in Chandrapore.
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a passage to india
‘I could host a Bridge Party at my home if you’d like.’ He explained that it wouldn’t be a party for card playing but a party to bridge the two cultures. Both Indians and English people would be present. Adela was thankful to Mr Turton. On the way home with Adela and Ronny, Mrs Moore felt better and looked up at the sky, especially the moon. It made her think of heaven. When they passed by the mosque, she mentioned the man she had met earlier. Ronny was surprised that she had wandered out alone and said that it wasn’t a good idea. Mrs Moore responded stating that ‘the young doctor’ had said the same thing to her. Her description made Ronny think that the man she was speaking of was English though his identity was a mystery to him. He didn’t know any young British doctors in town. He was shocked when he understood that his mother had been chatting to an Indian but when he learned that it was Aziz, a man he knew, he was relieved. ‘I have no problems with him. But did he say anything bad about the English?’ Ronny asked his mother after they’d returned to the bungalow and Adela had gone to bed. ‘He doesn’t really like the Callendars,’ said Mrs Moore. She didn’t think this information was something that would interest her son. Instead, he told her he was going to tell the Major because it wasn’t right for an Indian to speak badly about his boss. ‘Oh, no! Please don’t say anything. It was a private conversation.’ Mrs Moore was worried but her son felt that telling Major Callendar was the right thing to do. ‘I would want him to do the same thing for me. In India, private does not exist.’ Mrs Moore didn’t understand what he meant.
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e.m. forster
Ronny continued to tell her about the place of Indians in society using words and phrases she had never heard him say before. He seemed unreasonable and repeated that Aziz had not been correct in speaking to his mother about Major Callendar. ‘An Indian cannot say those things to a British lady.’ He thought that the young doctor was being inappropriate. In the end, Ronny agreed to keep quiet only if his mother would promise not to talk about Dr Aziz anymore to Adela. Ronny wasn’t comfortable with her being so curious about the Indians. ‘What if she starts worrying about how we treat the Indians?’ he thought to himself. Mrs Moore agreed to do as her son wished and they kissed good night. Mrs Moore continued thinking about Aziz when she was alone in her room. At first he had been angry at her, then kind and then he had complained about a lot of things. He had been open with her and so emotional. As she was going to bed, she saw a wasp* asleep on a hook. Thinking of all the animals which deserve respect, she did not bother it. ‘You’re lovely,’ she said kindly. The next day Mr Turton sent invitations to his Bridge Party to all the Indian gentleman in Chandrapore who found the gesture surprising and curious. The invitation also stated that women could come without their purdah! The Indian men discussed the upcoming event and the reason they thought Mr Turton was having the party. Some were impressed by the invitation but the event would be far from where they lived and not easy to get to. Mahmoud Ali believed that Mr Turton had been ordered by the Lieutenant-General to organise the Bridge Party. wasp a winged insect with a sting, typically yellow with black stripes
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a passage to india
The most important man in the group, the Nawab* Bahadur* said he’d go to the party. This got the attention of the group. ‘You would be thought to be cheap if you accept the invitation,’ said one of the men, Ram Chand. This kind of expression was not very polite, especially to someone so prominent. ‘You can’t say that to him!’ said Mahmoud Ali. The Nawab Bahadur was the leading landowner of the district who was also a philanthropist*. He decided he wasn’t offended by the comment. ‘I don’t think it will be ‘cheap’ if I go or if any of us attend the party. Mr Turton’s invitation was written very well.’ He left, saying as he went that he would see the other men at the event. As he was an important and hospitable person in the community, the other gentlemen then began to encourage each other to go to the party. Around the group were others who would never be invited to such a party. Either they were not educated or wealthy enough or they were missionaries who were not part of the rest of the British.
Nawab a Muslim nobleman or person of high status Bahadur an honourable title given to officers in British India
philanthropist a person who tries to help others, especially by a generous donation of money
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AFTER-READING ACTIVITY
Multiple Choice 1
Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D.
1 People who are new to the area must be driven down to the city because A they think the city is dangerous. B they think the city is too far. C they don’t know the roads to the city. D they don’t have their own transportation.
2 A purdah is used to A protect women from men. B protect women from the sun. C hide women’s faces from men and strangers. D allow women to have privacy.
3 After learning that Major Callendar is no longer at his home, Aziz decides to A write him a note. B wait for him. C leave a message with the servant for him. D go looking for him.
4 When Mrs Moore says: ‘I would invite you in but I am not a member,’ Aziz tells her A that he’d love to join her sometime. B that he didn’t really like the Club. C that he’d already been to the Club. D that he could never go to the Club because he was Indian.
5 Who is Miss Adela Quested? A The possible future wife of Mrs Moore’s son, Ronny. B The new wife of Ronny Heaslep. C Ronny Heaslep’s friend. D Mrs Moore’s daughter from her second marriage.
6 How did Ronny feel when he learned that the Indian man in the mosque was Aziz? A Relieved. B Angry. C Indifferent. D Surprised.
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7 How did Mrs Moore react when she saw a wasp? A She screamed. B She trapped it and put it outside. C She spoke kindly to it. D She ran away from it.
8 The Nawab Bahadur thought A Mr Turton’s invitation was written poorly. B Mr Turton was cheap. C anyone who went to the Bridge Party was cheap. D Mr Turton’s invitation was written well.
Use of English 2 Read the text below and choose the best answer (A, B, C, D) to fill in the gap. The Ganges River The Ganges River which (1) _____ across India and Bangladesh has always been (2) _____ to be one of the most important rivers in the world. It is 2,525 kilometres (3) _____ and runs through the western Himalayan mountains in the Indian state of Uttarakhand and (4) _____ the Gangetic plain of India and Bangladesh in the south and east. It (5) _____ into the Bay of Bengal. The river is important to the millions of people who live (6) _____ its banks and is very sacred to Hindus. (7) _____, pollution has become a major threat to both humans and animals who live near the river. The Ganga Action Plan wants to help clean the water although it has been criticized for bad planning and (8) _____ support from the authorities. 1 A is 2 A deserved 3 A length 4 A across 5 A falls 6 A in 7 A However 8 A losing of
B starts C occupies B thought about C considered B long C short B above C underneath B stops C closes B of C long B Therefore C Because B lack of C finishing of
D spans D counted on D tall D overhead D empties D next to D Otherwise D finding of
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FOCUS ON...
E.M. Forster’s Life and Writing Life E. M. Forster was born on January 1st, 1879 in London. At birth, his name was registered Henry Morgan Forster but when he was baptised he was named Edward Morgan Forster. He was raised by his mother and his aunt because his father, an architect, died of tuberculosis when he was very young. When his aunt died, she left him enough money to go to a good school and then he went to Cambridge University where he learned a lot about philosophy and Mediterranean culture. After university he travelled to Europe with his mother and then moved to Surrey with his mother.
102
During WWI Forster worked in Egypt and while he was there, he visited India. After the war he returned to London. In the early 1920s he went to India again and shortly after coming back to England wrote A Passage to India. In the 1930s and 1940s he worked for the BBC where he was an important broadcaster. Forster did not want Americans to adapt his books to film because he was critical of American foreign policy. In general, Forster was against adaptations because he felt that reading books was a unique experience. He lived with his mother until her death in 1945. He also had a home in London and had many famous artistic friends during his lifetime. He died in 1970 in Coventry.
The Writing of E.M. Forster
E. M. Forster published six novels during his life. After he died, his seventh most controversial novel was published though he had written it sixty years before. E. M. Forster’s novels expressed themselves in a clear and uncomplicated way. Like Virginia Woolf, he was not interested in showing technique but focused on simple stories which could represent bigger issues. In addition to his novels, Forster published short stories, poetry and essays. Through his work Forster was considered to be a supporter of democracy and was called a humanist*.
His biggest success was A Passage to India which was the last novel he published. He began the novel after the first time he visited India in 1913 and finished it after he returned from his second stay there. It was published in 1924. The themes of Imperialism and Colonialism are very present in the book, as we read in the conflict between Miss Quested and Aziz during the trial. In 1960 it was adapted into a play and in 1984 it was made into a film. In spite of his feelings about adaptations, many of his works were made into films and were very successful. humanist a person having a strong interest in human values
Task A Passage to India discusses how British women perceived India. Many years earlier, an Englishwoman visited India and wrote letters about her experiences there. They were partially published during her lifetime and in 1925, E. M. Forster edited the letters. Research Eliza Fay and explain why you think her writing and travels were significant. 103
FOCUS ON...
Religion and Race in A Passage to India Religion Religion is an important theme in A Passage to India. It was something that not only divided the British who were Christian, but also the Indians amongst themselves. To this day there are still areas of India that have conflict because of religious differences. Currently the main religion in India is Hinduism though Islam is also significant in the country. When Mrs Moore hears the ‘boum’ which upsets her in the cave, E. M. Forster expresses his negative opinion to religion in general. However, the novel does investigate the possibility of other religions being more inclusive and human than Christianity. A Passage to India explores the division that any religion can create, especially in Chandrapore but also expresses how love in any religion can be the thing that connects all people to each other. When the British arrived in India, Christian missionaries exposed Hindus to different ways of thinking. Though the missionaries generally supported the Hindus in their traditions, they also divided them into those who were more traditional and those who were more modern. This, among other conflicts with British culture created boundaries within the religion as well as among the other religions in India. 104
Race In the novel, E. M. Forster examines the customs and cultures of the different groups of people living in India. For example, he introduces Ronny as a generally good person who after his time in India didn’t trust Indians. In addition, the other English people in Chandrapore see Adela as someone who is childish for wanting to know ‘the real India’ and not understanding how the Indians really are. We also see how Forster shows the British people to be overly reasonable and without imagination. In contrast, the most developed Indian character in the novel is Aziz who is shown to be very emotional and impulsive. He is also someone who believes rumours without having evidence, a tendency that Forster expresses as Indian. The book shows that even with the best intentions, race and culture can have great conflict. Although human connection is important, sometimes there are strong forces which get in the way of friendship.
Reflection How do you think different cultures can influence each other? How has your country’s history been influenced by other civilizations? How does religion play a role in world politics today?
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Colonialism in India
For centuries many different civilizations ruled over parts of India but only the British were successful in taking over the whole country. They arrived when the Mogul Empire which had been in control of most of India since 1526 had lost most of its power. As the empire was failing, many other countries attacked India. The British were able to use this weakness to their advantage. They first came as traders of tea, spices, cotton and silk with the British East India Company in 1600. Differently from the French and Portuguese who had been there before them, the British became involved with the Indians. They sold their weapons to the Indians who often paid them with land. Eventually they developed a system of law and were able 106
to collect taxes. The Mogul emperor tried to get power back in 1857 with the Sepoy Rebellion but it failed. Shortly after, the British took control completely. Indian States were formed and English governors for each province worked for the GovernorGeneral (Viceroy) who was chosen by the King of England. After World War I, Indians were promised their own government and though some Indians were part of the Viceroy’s Council, India continued to fight for their independence.
Life in India during Colonialism A Passage to India shows a picture of life during The British “Raj” (the British Colonial Empire in India). This empire started in 1858 and ended after World War II. In the novel Forster is critical of colonialism by describing problems within the system. While most of the English characters in the novel were not bad people, within colonialism they became
racist and at times mean towards Indians. The women are generally shown as less understanding than the men, so much so that Mr Turton says that the tension with the Indians is because of them. Ronny becomes less sympathetic after coming to India and Mrs Moore and Adela see the change as negative. These characters treat the Indians with more respect than the other British people in the novel, except Mr Fielding. We see that many Indians feel anger towards the British, even when they are open to their culture. Aziz’s character transformation is the best example of this as he shifts from wanting to be friends with the British to wanting nothing to do with them. The rare friendship between an English man and an Indian man is nearly ruined because of the conflict of colonialism.
Do some research to find out more. 1 What was the Amristar Massacre? 2 What is the difference between imperialism and colonialism? 3 Who created the phrase ‘The White Man’s Burden’ and what does it mean? 107
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Friendship in A Passage to India Although A Passage to India expresses strong historical and social themes about politics, colonialism, religion and racism, one of the most important aspects of the book is about friendship. Friendship seems to be more important than romance in this novel as Forster’s humanistic point of view is expressed through the characters’ connection with each other. This book shows the struggles of an English and Indian friendship and that the differences in culture and power make it nearly impossible. Forster shows the divide that both sides face even if they both want to be friends. We are left to question what the true definition of friendship is.
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Although Aziz’s friendships with Mrs Moore and Mr Fielding are positive because each character is respectful of the other, everything is eventually lost. First Mrs Moore dies and then after the trial Aziz and Mr Fielding are separated by the rumours about Miss Quested. As Mr Fielding becomes more understanding towards Adela, Aziz becomes more influenced by his Indian friends and thinks the worst of Mr Fielding. It seems that the two of them will become friends again at the end of the books however Forster doesn’t make that conclusion. The end leaves the reader with the uncertainty about how two people so different could stay friends, even with good intentions.
Writing 1
Write a short response to these questions about friendship in the text. 1 Why do you think that Aziz let himself be influenced by his Indian friends about Mr Fielding? 2 If you were Mr Fielding, how would you have reacted when you saw Aziz after two years, knowing that he had never answered any of your letters? 3 Are Aziz and Mrs Moore friends? Explain your answer. 4 How are the friendships represented in this novel different from friendships between people of different cultures today? Which, if any, of the same kind of problems happen?
Quotes 2 Read
the quotes from the book below. What situation is the author describing? Are these people showing an act of friendship and support or something else? Explain. 1 2 3
But they were friends, brothers. That part was settled… They trusted one another. ‘Which chapter does this quote come from? Who is the author talking about? What had the characters shared to make them feel so close?’ ‘Never be angry with me. I am, as far as my limitations permit, your true friend; besides, it is my holy festival.’ Who is talking? And why does he not want his friend to be angry? ‘I am counting on you to help me through; it is such a blessing to be with you again, everyone else is a stranger.’ Who is Adela talking to? What does she mean that ‘everyone else is a stranger’? Why do you think she feels this way? Does this person want to help her? 4 …they… rose to their feet… and while honouring him they condemned Aziz and India. Who is the author speaking about? Why does he say this about the actions of these people? How does this condemn Aziz and India?
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TEST YOURSELF
Choose A, B, C or D to answer the questions about A Passage to India. 1 Why is Miss Quested unhappy about her time in India at the beginning of the novel? A Because she wants to see ‘the real India’. B Because she cannot communicate with the Indian women. C Because Mrs Moore ignores her. D Because she thinks the Englishwomen don’t like her. 2 What happens after the accident in the car? A Adela and Ronny get married. B The Narab Bahadur starts crying. C Adela and Ronny walk home. D Adela decides she wants to be with Ronny. 3 Why is Miss Quested’s servant paid to leave the station? A Because they already had too many servants. B Because Miss Quested did not want him there. C Because he does not help Mrs Moore. D Because Aziz wants to be alone with Miss Quested. 4 Who accuses Mr Fielding of visiting Aziz in prison? A Mr McBryde B Mr Turton C Mr Callendar D The soldier 5 What does Mr Fielding want Adela to do to make things better? A Write Aziz a letter of apology. B Pay Aziz for his court costs. C Pay Aziz a lot of money. D Go back to England. 6 Aziz is A Muslim B Hindu C Buddhist D Sikh
7 What does Mr Fielding want Aziz to talk about? A The Marabar Caves and Islam. B The Marabar Caves and religion. C Why he loved their mother so much. D The Marabar Caves and Hinduism. 8 In A Passage to India Forster shows British people to be… A reasonable and sensitive. B reasonable and sometimes dull. C emotional and unreasonable. D unreasonable and emotional.
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SYLLABUS Level B2 This reader contains the items listed below as well as those included in previous levels of the Eli Readers syllabus. Verb Tenses Present Perfect Simple/Continuous Past Perfect Simple/Continuous Verb Forms and Patterns Passive forms with all tenses and modal verbs Phrasal verbs Reported Speech Modal perfects (must have, could have, etc.) Clauses Embedded relative clauses Third conditional, wish Complex sentences with more than one subordinate clause.
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YOUNG ADULT
READERS
STAGE 1
Jonathan Swift, Gulliver's Travels Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Hound of the Baskervilles Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe
STAGE 2
William Shakespeare, Hamlet Prince of Denmark Charles Dickens, Great Expectations William Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet Bram Stoker, Dracula William Shakespeare, A Midsummer Night’s Dream Robert Louis Stevenson, The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Jerome K. Jerome, Three Men in a Boat John Buchan, Thirty-Nine Steps
STAGE 3
Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice Oscar Wilde, The Picture of Dorian Gray William Shakespeare, Macbeth Jane Austen, Sense and Sensibility Edith Wharton, The Age of Innocence Charles Dickens, A Christmas Carol Wilkie Collins, The Woman in White Anonymous, Beowulf Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped Elizabeth Ferretti, The Earthkeepers Thomas Hardy, Tess of the d'Urbervilles
STAGE 4
James Joyce, Dubliners Mary Shelley, Frankenstein Henry James, The Turn of the Screw Emily Brontë, Wuthering Heights Edgar Allan Poe, Stories of Mystery and Suspense Charles and Mary Lamb, Tales from Shakespeare Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities Anthony Hope, The Prisoner of Zenda Hermann Melville, Moby Dick George Eliot, The Mill on the Floss Jane Austen, Emma Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter
STAGE 5
E. M. Forster, A Passage to India Virginia Woolf, Mrs Dalloway Francis Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair
STAGE 6
Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness J. Borsbey & R. Swan, Editors, A Collection of First World War Poetry Oscar Wilde, The Importance of Being Earnest
YOUNG ADULT
READERS LIGHT
Edgar Allan Poe, The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket Natsume Soseki, Botchan