Step-by-step teaching notes, tips and background notes on cultural issues Wide offer of photocopiable testing materials Editable tests in the Multi-ROM Test Maker FLIP BOOK An interactive, IWB-compatible version of the Coursebook containing all recordings, links, reference materials and extras Course components Student’s Book Workbook with Audio CD Teacher’s Resource Pack Class Audio CDs Multi-ROM Test Maker Teacher’s FLIP BOOK Flash on English Online Resources
PRE-INTERMEDIATE STUDENT ’S BOOK
For the Teacher
FL ASH on English
Clearly-structured units Double linguistic input in each unit Focus on authentic real-world language Clearly structured grammar presentations Extensive recycling and review of language Exploitation of different learning styles and mixed-ability features Culture, CLIL and Literature lessons in every unit Graded and practical study-skills guide Grammar reinforcement with extensive explanations and practice in the Workbook
L. Prodromou with A. Cowan and R. Elliott
FLASH on English is a motivating, easy-to-use, four-level course which takes teenage learners from Elementary through to Upper Intermediate level. The comprehensive syllabus provides thorough grammar, vocabulary and skills work, builds students’ language awareness and encourages fluency and self-confidence. The combination of printed, digital and online material enhances the learning experience and helps teachers respond to students’ needs.
Common European Framework
A1
A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
ONLINE RESOURCES
Welcome to Flash on English Flash on English is your new English language course. On these two pages you will find some information to help you learn to use your textbook. Flash on English contains 10 units, organised in this way: Double linguistic input
Flash Forward activities
Each unit opens with a first presentation text which can be in various formats (article, email, report). The second presentation text is in the form of a dialogue with a photostory. This follows the daily life of a group of London teenagers who are dealing with their day-to-day problems and aspirations for the future. Examples of grammatical structures and functions are presented in the Grammar and the Functions boxes, in a concise and clear form to allow the student full autonomy in carrying out the activities. The Flashpoint box highlights particular language structures that are commonly used.
keep fast finishers busy.
The Vocabulary Workshop page helps to expand and consolidate the lexis from each unit. The Spoken English section familiarises students with colloquial expressions used by native speakers. The Flash on Grammar page is dedicated to presenting the grammar structures.
WB p. 8 refers to the correspondent exercises in the Workbook
The Flash on Skills section helps the students to develop their four language skills. Placed at the end of each unit, it alternately presents three types of text material. CULTURE Focuses on social and cultural aspects of the English-speaking world. CLIL Texts targeted to an interdisciplinary approach to language learning on contemporary topics of interest to students. LITERATURE Texts aimed at familiarising students with literary genres, in both prose and verse. Effective study and learning techniques are presented in each unit.
The main grammar items are presented schematically in the Grammar Reference at the end of the book, with information about grammar rules and extensive examples.
The Flash on Reading section contains reading passages with motivating, real-world content covering culture, history and social issues. Thematically linked to the units, Flash on Reading aims at developing students’ reading and vocabulary skills and practising reading comprehension techniques. It can be used as extra reading material in the classroom or at home for self-study.
Contents Unit
1
Is Everybody Happy?
Grammar
Vocabulary
Functions
Comparatives Superlative of adjectives as + adjective + as and less
Shops Places in the town and in the country Prepositions of place
Making comparisons Talking about location
Wh- words as subject or object can, could and may Suggestions
Types of films Places of entertainment
Asking for and giving opinions Making suggestions
Present continuous for future plans be going to for future intentions
Prepositions of movement School subjects
p. 8
2
That’s Entertainment!
Study Skills Word building, nouns
p. 16
Flashback 1-2
3
p. 24
Dreams Can Come True...
Study Skills Categorising words
Talking about plans and arrangements Talking about intentions
p. 26
4
Back to the Future
will for personal opinions and future predictions be going to for future predictions
Technology The weather
Expressing personal opinions about the future Talking about the weather
Present perfect Present perfect vs Past simple
Parts of the body Health problems Expressions with have
Giving advice Talking about life experience
p. 34
Flashback 3-4
5
p. 42
Mind and Body
p. 44
6
The Secrets of Success! p. 52
Flashback 5-6 4
p. 60
Present perfect with just, already, Sports and games (not) ... yet Expressions with do and Present perfect with time expressions make
Talking about recent events Talking about achievements and results
Pronunciation/ Spoken English
Skills
Flash on Reading
Compound nouns
CLIL – The smallest states
The Big Apple
Reading Listening Writing Speaking
Articles about small countries Two teenagers talking about their countries A text about a foreign country Ask and answer questions about foreign countries
Study Skills Reading for specific information Linking Use of vague expressions
Literature – The Importance of being Earnest Reading Listening Speaking Writing
p. 98 Oscar Wilde
A scene from the book A scene from the play A conversation about the play A dialogue of a play
Study Skills Listening for gist (1)
/I/ and /i…/
Culture – Education matters Reading Speaking Listening Writing
p. 100
Fighting for women’s rights
An article about Education in the UK A discussion about school timetables A British boy talking about home-schooling A paragraph about the education system
Study Skills Listening for gist (2) /ø/ and /œ/ Use of hyperbole
CLIL – Energy and our future Reading Speaking Listening Writing
p.101 Recycle, reduce, reuse
An article about different types of energy A memory test A discussion about nuclear energy A report about energy types
Study Skills Predicting meaning
Contractions with the Present perfect
Literature – ‘Pike’ Reading Listening Speaking Writing
p. 102
Fast foods, old habits
A poem A radio programme A discussion about a poem A short poem
Study Skills Creating visual images -gh Use of actually
Culture – Sport for all! Reading Listening Writing Speaking
p. 104 David Beckham
An article about the Olympics A person talking about extreme sports A paragraph about a sport Ask and answer questions about sports
Study Skills Writing a factual paragraph
p. 105
5
Contents Unit
7
Freedom
Grammar
Vocabulary
Functions
have to should must Past of should
Tasks and duties Phrases with have and take
Expressing obligation and lack of obligation Complaining and making excuses
may, might, could, must Modal verbs in the past
Relationships get
Expressing possibility and guessing
Zero conditional with if/when First conditional unless/as soon as
Money Compound nouns
Talking about the future
Present perfect: for and since Present perfect vs Past simple
The stages of love Feelings Descriptive adjectives
Talking about time – the past and the present Describing people
p. 62
8
Relationships
p. 70
Flashback 7-8
9
p. 78
Passions
p. 80
10
Love Actually
p. 88
Flashback 9-10
p. 96
Flash on Reading
p. 98
Grammar Reference p. 110 Audioscripts
6
p. 115
Pronunciation/ Spoken English
Skills
Flash on Reading
Modal verbs
Literature – Brian Patten: a Liverpool poet
A very sad phenomenon: child labour
Fixed expressions
Listening Reading Writing Speaking
A poem A prose summary of a poem A text about personal experience of a difficult exam A discussion about a difficult exam
Study Skills Recording fixed expressions /ø/ or /œ/ Phrasal verbs (up)
Culture – Teen Magazines
p. 106 Marrying Prince Charming
Reading An article about teen magazines Listening Teenagers talking about their problems Speaking Ask and answer questions about personal reading habits Writing A letter giving advice Study Skills Building vocabulary: mind maps
Stress in conditional sentences Interrupting people
CLIL – Addiction Reading Listening Speaking Writing
p. 107
Abuse and addiction
An article about addiction Teenagers talking about bad habits A discussion about addiction A diary entry
Study Skills Word building Homographs Vague language
Literature – Pride and Prejudice Reading Listening Speaking Writing
p. 108 Jane Austen
An extract from the book A dialogue from the book A discussion about marriage A description of characters from a book or film
Study Skills Learning new words
p. 109
7
1
Is Everybody Happy? What is happiness? 1 Before you read complete this sentence in your own words.
Happiness is‌
2
1.02 Look at the pictures, listen and read the text. Which country do you think Hapland really is? Why?
4 Use the prompts to make questions then swap with your partner and write the answers to his/her questions.
3 Complete these statements with words from the text. 1 Hapland has a population of _____________ people. 2 Like the Swedes, the Haplanders are _____________ and blond. 3 Tahiti and Bali are _____________ islands. 4 The streets of New York are _____________ . 5 Haplanders have good _____________ . 6 In 1992, the Hapland football team _____________ the European Cup.
8
1 what / weather / like / Hapland What is the weather like in Hapland? It’s cold and rainy. 2 who / Hapland / neighbours? 3 where / people / laugh a lot? 4 how many weeks / holiday / have / Hapland? 5 why / the Haplanders / happy / 1992? 6 what / most Haplanders / look like?
FLASH FORWARD Describe Hapland and Haplanders. Use the words below. tall large dangerous
rich cold healthy strong safe blond
Hapland is not a large country. Most Haplanders are tall and blond.
1
Vocabulary: Places in the town and in the country 5
Look at the two pictures and write the numbers. bus stop
church
roundabout
farm
hedge
wood
field
car park
bridge
river lake
swimming pool
bank
post office
hospital
mountain
shopping centre
restaurant
petrol station
station
hill
1
1
2 3
6
5
3
2
4
5
4
7
10 8 7
6
9 11
8
9
12
6
1.03 Now listen, check your answers and repeat the words.
7
Which of the things in the pictures do you pass on your way to school? A I pass a church, two bus stops and a hotel on my way to school. What about you, Luca? B I pass a station, a swimming pool and a petrol station.
GRAMMAR
Comparatives Their neighbours are richer than they are. Tahiti and Bali are more beautiful than Hapland. People in southern Europe look happier.
Do you agree with the statements in exercise 8? Say what you think. English isn’t easier than maths – it’s more difficult!
10 Transform these sentences comparing things. Use not as + adjective + as. 1 The country is safer than the city. The city isn’t as safe as the country. 2 People in rich countries are healthier than people in poor countries. 3 Scotland is more beautiful than England. 4 Dogs are cleverer than cats. 5 Trains are more expensive than buses. 6 You are faster than me when you do your homework.
They’re not as content as us. We’re not as stressed as they are. Copenhagen is less dangerous than New York.
Say it!
Find more comparisons in the text. Underline them.
country? Work in pairs and compare them. Use the adjectives below or add some of your own ideas.
8 Complete the sentences with the comparative form of the adjectives in brackets.
9
1 English is (easy) than mathematics. 2 Life in the country is (healthy) than life in the city. 3 The south of Spain is (beautiful) than the north. 4 Poor people are (happy) than rich people. 5 Girls are (clever) than boys. 6 Big cities are (dangerous) than small towns.
11 Which do you think is better, the city or the
rich poor interesting healthy boring dirty clean exciting relaxing stressful safe dangerous beautiful ugly nice
A I think life in the city is more interesting than life in the country. B Yes, but the air is dirtier than in the country. A I also think life in the city is more exciting. B Maybe, but life is less stressful in the country.
9
1
1
Titolo unità
It’s the coolest city in Europe! 1
1.04 Listen and read. How does Anna feel today? Why?
Robyn Hi, Anna, how are you? You seem a bit down. Anna I’m waiting for the results of the interview at the LAC and I’m a bit nervous. Robyn Come and sit next to me. Let’s have a chat. Michael If you don’t get into the LAC, why not have a gap year between finishing school and starting work? Anna A gap year? But where? Michael Well, how about… in Berlin? You’ve got the guide book already! Anna Yeah, I want to visit my friend there. They say it’s the coolest city in Europe. Robyn Well the music scene is wicked. It’s the best place in Europe for electronic music and there are loads of cafés, clubs, bars... Anna Mmm. Is it bigger than London, Michael? Michael No, it’s smaller than London – it’s got about 3.5 million people – but there’s more exciting cultural stuff happening there. Robyn And the shopping is fantastic! It’s got the trendiest shops and boutiques but it’s less expensive than London or Paris. Anna It sounds great but what about the people? Are they friendly?
10
Robyn My cousin lives there. She says everyone is very friendly and they’re really into ecology – they recycle everything! Michael Yeah, it’s the most environmentallyfriendly place in Europe – there are bike lanes everywhere! – so that means it’s one of the safest, least polluted cities. Anna But the weather isn’t very good, is it? Michael Yeah, that’s true. It’s definitely colder than London. In winter it’s freezing. It’s one of the coldest places in Europe. Anna Brr! I don’t know guys...
2 What do Michael and Robyn say about these things in Berlin? music culture shopping ecology weather
FLASH FORWARD Write 3-4 sentences comparing your hometown and another city that you know. São Paulo is smaller than Shanghai; but it’s bigger than New York!
1
6 Look back at the picture of the town on page 9 and underline the correct prepositions in these sentences.
GRAMMAR
Superlative of adjectives Berlin is the coolest city in Europe. It’s the best place in Europe for electronic music. It’s the most environmentally-friendly place in Europe. Find more examples of superlatives in the dialogue. Underline them.
3 Complete the following sentences with the superlative form of the adjectives in brackets. 1 The _____________ (friendly) people in the UK are usually in the North. 2 London is the _____________ (expensive) city in Britain. 3 London has got the _____________ (modern) shops in Britain. 4 The _____________ (cold) place in Britain is the Scottish Highlands. 5 Mexico City is one of the _____________ (dangerous) cities in the world. 6 Bristol is one of the _____________ (cool) and trendiest cities in England.
4 Rewrite the sentences in exercise 3 to make them true for your country.
Vocabulary: Prepositions of place 5
1.05 Write the prepositions under the pictures, then listen and check your answers. next to in front of opposite between in on behind under
1 ________
2 ________
3 ________
1 The post office is behind/opposite/under the petrol station. 2 The restaurant is in front of/in/behind the church. 3 The hospital is opposite/behind/in the petrol station. 4 The bank is behind/next to/bewteen the bus stop. 5 The station is between/behind/under the petrol station. 6 The swimming pool is behind/between/opposite the bus stop.
FUNCTIONS
Talking about location Where’s the church? It’s next to the car park. Is there a shopping centre in Brook Street? No, but there’s one opposite the bank in George Street.
Say it!
7 Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about where these places are in your town. the biggest church the most expensive clothes shop the best place to play football the restaurant with the best pizza the oldest building
8 Look at the map of central London. Take it in turns to ask and answer where these places are. Use prepositions of place. A Where’s Westminster Abbey? B It’s behind Big Ben.
4 ________ St Paul’s Cathedral
5 ________
6 ________
7 ________
8 ________
The Tower of London
Tate Modern Big Ben London Eye
Shakespeare’s Globe theatre Tower Bridge
Westminster Abbey
11
1
1
Titolo unità
Vocabulary Workshop
Shops
1.06 Look at the 1 picture and say where you can buy these things. Then listen and check. books jewels medicines paint computer skirt bread steaks
You can buy books in a bookshop.
Places in the town and in the country 2 Write the words in the correct groups. Which places can you find in both the town and the country? bus stop river church station mountain car park field swimming pool wood bank bridge post office hedge hospital farm lake shopping centre hill restaurant petrol station roundabout
in the town
both
in the country
Pronunciation: Compound nouns Compound nouns consist of two nouns that are put together to form a new word. We write the new ones as two separate words (e.g. memory stick), but we write the older ones as one word (e.g. blackboard).
1.07 Listen to these compound nouns 5 and choose the stress pattern you hear. (3) bus stop
● 3
Add the names of other places you know to the three groups.
Prepositions of place 4 Complete the sentences about your English class with the names of the students. In my English class I sit next to _____________ . In front of me there’s _____________ and behind me is _____________ . Near the door is _____________’s desk and opposite the teacher’s desk there are _____________’s and _____________’s desks. My best friend in the class sits between _____________ and _____________ .
12
•
post office
•
car park
bookshop
●
●
●
6 Say these compound nouns and mark the stress on them. earring cell phone laptop bathroom armchair hairbrush
1.08 Listen and check your answers, 7 then repeat the words. 8 Choose the correct answer to complete the rule about the pronunciation of compound nouns. In compound nouns the stress usually falls on the first word/on both words.
Flash on Grammar Comparatives and superlatives Adjectives Comparatives
3
Superlatives
Short
cold
colder
the coldest
Short ending in -e
nice
nicer
the nicest
Short ending in vowel + consonant
big
bigger
the biggest
Two syllables ending in -y
friendly
friendlier
the friendliest
Long
fascinating
more fascinating
the most fascinating
Irregular
good bad far
better worse farther/ further
best worst the farthest/ furthest
We use a comparative adjective to compare two people, things or concepts. We use than between the two elements we are comparing. Ed is a better driver than Henry. We use a superlative adjective to compare and contrast one element with the rest of the group it belongs to. After the superlative we use: - in when the comparison is with a place or a group of people London is the busiest city in Europe. He’s the cleverest student in the class. - of when the comparison is with similar elements or with a period of time He is the youngest of the three brothers. It was the most beautiful experience of my life. WB p. 4
Harry
4
Write questions with the superlative.
1 which / rich / country / world? Which is the richest country in the world? 2 which / short / day / year? 3 who / handsome / man / world? 4 which / high / mountain / world? 5 who / rich / man / world? 6 which / sad / experience / your life?
5
Write an answer to the questions in exercise 4.
I think Luxembourg is the richest country in the world!
as + adjective + as and less To compare two elements that are equal we use as + adjective + as. The film is as exciting as the book.
Write the comparative and the superlative form of these adjectives. 1 tall 4 poor 7 difficult 10 brave 2 short 5 beautiful 8 intelligent 11 pretty 3 strong 6 interesting 9 large 12 ugly
To compare two elements we can use less + adjective + than or we can also use not as + adjective + as with a similar meaning. Cricket is less popular than football. Cricket is not as popular as football.
1 tall – taller – tallest
2 Complete the sentences with the comparative form of the adjectives in brackets. 1 Tigers run _____________ than dogs. (fast) 2 His watch is _____________ than yours. (cheap) 3 Is Australia _____________ than Germany in summer? (cold) 4 Derek’s science exam was _____________ than his maths exam. (difficult) 5 I think geography is _____________ than history. (interesting) 6 This clown is _____________ than that clown. (funny)
Bill
1 Harry is richer/more rich than Bill. 2 Harry is handsomest/more handsome than Bill. 3 Bill is a better driver than/as Harry. 4 Harry’s car is most/more expensive than Bill’s. 5 Harry wears more trendy clothes than/that Bill.
1
Underline the correct word in each sentence.
WB p. 5
6
Compare the north and south of your country, using the prompts.
1 countryside / green 2 weather / cold 3 weather / rainy 4 life / expensive 5 cities / dangerous
13
1
1
1
Titolo unitĂ The smallest states Flash on Skills
Before you read
1 Look at the map. Can you identify the three places marked with flags? Which are their neighbouring countries?
Reading
2 Now read the text and match the flags to the countries in exercise 1.
14
CLIL 3 Read the text again and write the name of the country next to the sentences.
1.09 Listen again and complete the 6 chart. (3) (Some may be about both places).
1 It’s the smallest country in Europe. _________ 2 It has got a larger population than Vatican City but a smaller population than Monaco. _________ 3 Its highest mountain is Monte Titano. _________ 4 It hosts a famous sports event each year. _________ 5 It is inside another capital city. _________ 6 It has got its own police force. _________ 7 The people there speak French, Italian and English. _________ 8 It is the oldest republic in the world. _________
The Bahamas
2 The people are friendly. 3 It doesn’t often rain there. 4 It’s a rich country. 5 It’s one of the richest countries in the world. 6 It’s one of the world’s happiest countries. 7 It’s cheaper than the USA. 8 It’s a safe country.
Reading for specific information When you are reading to find out specific information like numbers or names, there are some techniques which can help you identify the information you need. Underline the numbers or names in the questions to focus on them clearly. Look for clues about the type of information you are looking for: are they written like dates, prices or percentages? Have they got capital letters like proper names? Think of other vocabulary that could be associated with the words. For example, if they look like prices, associated words could be ‘money’, ‘cost’, ‘pay’, ‘spend’, etc.
Writing
7
a 33,000 _________ b 1929 _________ c 0.44 _________
1.09 Listen to two teenagers talking 5 about their countries. Write the speakers’ names under the photos. B
Liechtenstein
d 1600 _________ e 749 _________
Listening
A
Choose one of the countries below and find out some information about it. Make notes under the headings below. Use your notes to write a short fact file about the country. Use the texts in exercise 2 as models.
Andorra
4 Find these numbers in the text. What do they refer to?
Canada
1 It’s a very quiet place.
STUDY SKILLS
Wales
Luxembourg
the location the country’s neighbours its population the language(s) they speak there why it is famous
Speaking
8
1
Work in pairs. Prepare some questions to ask your partner to find out about the country he/she chose in exercise 7. Can you guess which country it is? Now swap roles.
15
2
That’s Entertainment! Film Facts: the best and the worst 1
Before you read, match the posters in exercise 2 with these descriptions.
1 I think it’s a musical. 2 It’s probably an action film.
2
3 4
I don’t think it’s a romance. It looks like a horror film.
1.10 Now listen and read the text about records in the film industry and check your answers to exercise 1. B
A
D
C
3 Read the statements and write T (true) or F (false), then correct the false statements. 1 2 3 4 5 6
16
The director Peter Jackson won 11 Oscars for the first film in his Lord of the Rings trilogy. The youngest actor to win an Oscar was 12 years old. The most popular type of film with cinema audiences is the horror film. Twilight saga: New Moon sold the highest number of tickets for the first screening of a film, ever. The richest actress in Hollywood is British. King Kong is the film with the most computer generated effects.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
FLASH FORWARD How many words can you find in the text that have to do with the cinema? Write a list. Nouns
director, _______________________
Verbs
________________________________
2
Vocabulary: Types of films 4
1.11 Listen and repeat the names of the film genres, then complete the table. action film comedy animation war film western musical horror film thriller romance science-fiction film
Title 1 Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull
Type of film action film
2 Alien 3 Frankenstein 4 Titanic
FUNCTIONS
5 Up
Asking for and giving opinions
6 Dances with Wolves
What did you think of the film? How was the film? Why did you like it? Who was the worst actor in it? What was the best part of the story?
7 Psycho 8 Saving Private Ryan 9 Marley and me 10 School of Rock
7
5 Add examples of your favourite films to the film genres in exercise 4.
Read the questions in the box for asking about people’s opinions. Which of them are subject questions? Underline them.
8
1.12 Listen and read the mini-dialogues. Find some of the questions from the Functions box and underline their answers.
GRAMMAR
Wh- words as subject or object
1 A How was the film Vampire Love? B Oh, I enjoyed it. It was a great love story. A Really? Why did you like it? B It was very moving.
Subject Which film won the most Oscars ever? Who is the richest actress in Hollywood? Object Which type of film do cinema audiences like best? Which actor do critics think is the worst actor in films today? Find other examples in the text of questions where the Wh- word is the subject of the sentence. Underline them.
6 Read the questions and write S where the
2 A What did you think of American Hero? B I didn’t like it. I don’t like war films, and the actors were terrible! A Really? Who was the worst actor in it? B Err… Tom Hanks, I suppose.
Say it!
9 Work in pairs. Both of you choose a favourite film. Ask and answer questions to find out your opinions about them. Use the questions from the Functions box.
word in bold is the subject, O where it is the object of the sentence. 1 Which horse is winning the race? 2 Which horse do you prefer? 3 Who is Linda in love with? 4 Who is in love with Linda? 5 Who do you sit next to in class? 6 Who sits next to you in class? 7 Whose clothes are lying on the floor? 8 Whose clothes are you washing?
___ S ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Write it!
10 Write about the film you chose in exercise 9. Say what it’s about and give your opinion of it. Think about these things.
1 Who was in it? 2 Where was it set?
3 What was it about?
17
2
2
Titolo unità
Why don’t we go to a gig? 1
1.13 Listen and read. What do the friends decide to do?
a go to the cinema b go to theatre
c go to a concert d go to someone’s home
Michael What do you fancy doing tonight, guys? Antonio Shall we go to the cinema or a show or something? What does everybody want to do? Anna Let’s go to the theatre! I want to see The Mousetrap, that famous play by Agatha Christie. Antonio Let’s see what it says in here… (reads): Ah, yes, ‘A fascinating murder mystery… the longest running play in London’. Robyn Yeah, it’s about a hundred years old! I don’t fancy it at all. Why don’t we go to a gig or something? Michael I haven’t got much money this week. I can’t afford to go to a gig. Antonio Well, how about going to see the new Leonardo DiCaprio film? Anna Can I see the cinema page, please, Antonio? Let’s see… films… DiCaprio… it says here: ‘Fascinating thriller. The best film on in London cinemas at the moment. DiCaprio’s best performance in years.’ It sounds good! Robyn I don’t like thrillers and the cinema is really busy at weekends, plus it’s more expensive. How about going to see a musical? You know, something like Phantom of the Opera? I love musicals! Antonio Robyn! Musicals are for girls! Robyn No, they’re not! Michael Listen, why don’t you all come over to my place? We could rent some DVDs and order some pizzas. Staying in is much cheaper than going out!
18
Anna
Yes, alright, but could I bring my friend Liz? She wanted to go out with me tonight. Michael Yes of course you can, no problem. Robyn It’s okay with me Mike but... just one thing... Can we watch Mamma Mia? Antonio Oh, please!
2 Complete these sentences with the friends’ suggestions. 1 Anna would like to go to the ____________ to see a play by _____________ . 2 Antonio fancies seeing a film at the _____________ with _____________ in it. 3 Robyn wants to see a _____________ like _____________ at the theatre. 4 Michael suggests they all come over to _____________ and to watch some _____________ .
3 Write questions for these answers. Use these questions words: what, who, why. 1 It’s a play by Agatha Christie. What is ‘The Mousetrap’? 2 It’s a thriller. 3 Because he hasn’t got much money this week. 4 Because it’s cheaper than going out. 5 She wants to bring her friend, Liz. 6 She wants to watch the DVD of Mamma Mia tonight.
FLASH FORWARD What things can you do in your town at weekends? Make a list. I can go to a concert…
6 What can you do in the places of entertainment in exercise 5? Write a sentence for each place. Use some of the verbs below to help you.
GRAMMAR
can, could and may Could I bring my friend Liz? Can we watch Mamma Mia? May I leave the table, please?
play
What function do these three verbs express? (3) advice
permission
ability
Which example is the most formal? Write F.
4
Complete the dialogues with can, could or may.
1 A Mum, ________ I go out tonight? B Where do you want to go, dear? A To the new bowling place in town. B Well, alright, but you have to be home by half past eleven. A Cool! And er, Mum... ________ I borrow ten pounds please? 2 A Excuse me Mrs Greene, ________ I use your phone? Our phone isn’t working this morning. B Yes, of course. Please come in. A And ________ I ask the telephone engineer to call you to say when he’s arriving? B Yes, certainly.
Vocabulary: Places of entertainment 5
1.14 Match the places to the photos, then listen and check. theatre cinema café club
bowling alley concert hall art gallery museum
see
listen to
meet
watch
have
1 Theatre – You can watch a play or a musical here.
FUNCTIONS
Making suggestions What do you fancy doing tonight? Shall we go to the cinema? Let’s go to see The Mousetrap. How about going to see the new Leonardo DiCaprio film? Why don’t we go to a gig? Yes, good idea!/Great!/Cool! No, I don’t fancy that./No, not today, thanks.
7 Complete these suggestions with one word only. 1 ______ Shall we have a coffee? 2 ________ have some food, I’m hungry. 3 ________ about going to a concert? 4 Why ________ we stay in and watch TV? 5 What ________ seeing the new Robert Pattinson film? 6 How ________ going for a walk in the park? 7 ________ don’t we get married? 8 Yes, ________ get married and go and live in Tahiti.
FLASHPOINT 1 ___________________
2 ___________________
The opposite of go out to is stay in, often followed by a verb in the infinitive form. We’re going out to a gig/a concert/a club/ a football match/the cinema/a café.
3 ___________________
4 ___________________
We’re staying in to watch a DVD/to play computer games/to eat at home/to listen to music.
Say it! 8 5 ___________________
6 ___________________
7 ___________________
8 ___________________
Work in pairs. Make suggestions and replies about what to do tonight. One of you wants to stay in and the other wants to go out. Use the verbs from exercise 6 plus the expressions from the Flashpoint box.
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2
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Titolo unitàPronunciation:
Vocabulary Workshop
Entertainment
1 Look at these words from the text on page 16. They are all nouns which come from verbs – which verbs?
1 director _____________ 2 actress _____________ 3 performance _____________
1.15 below.
Word building, nouns Many nouns in English derive from verbs. We add certain endings to the verb to transform it into a noun. Some of the most common noun endings are -or, -er, -ess, -ing, -ation, -ance, -ment. act actor drive driver host hostess cook cooking
meditate meditation enter entrance achieve achievement
2 Look at the words in the Study Skills box. Which are for professions and which are abstract nouns? Write P or A next to them.
3
Find the nouns from these verbs. nominate
win
amaze
produce
4
Look at these words for types of films. Which nouns come from verbs? Write a list. action film comedy animation war film western musical horror film thriller romance science fiction film
5
Write any nouns and adjectives you know related to each type of film. comedy – funny, comic, laugh, humour
Match these things with the places. A B
C D
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E
1 How about going to see the new Twilight film? 2 What about Phantom of the Opera? 3 Why don’t we stay in tonight? 4 What’s on in London tonight?
8
1.16 Read these sentences and underline the linked words, then listen, check your answers and repeat.
1 Oh my God, I don’t believe it! 2 What do you fancy doing? 3 Hi, Anna, how are you? 4 Oh, I don’t know.
Spoken English
or something
and things
and stuff
and that
Why don’t you come to my place for coffee and stuff? (stuff: tea, biscuits, to listen to music, chat…) She said she had homework to do, or something. (something: revision, piano practice, studying...)
9 Write what you think the speaker means in the underlined phrases in these sentences.
Places of entertainment 1 theatre 2 club 3 café 4 concert hall 5 bowling alley
Listen and repeat the sentences
We often do not express exactly what we mean, especially in informal conversations among friends. We use vague expressions and expect the listener to understand and `fill in the gaps’. The most common phrases are:
Types of films
6
When we speak, we often link words together in common colloquial expressions. This means that some of the middle consonants are not pronounced.
7
STUDY SKILLS
Linking
1 Shall we go to a cinema or something? 2 We could listen to music and things. 3 He likes books about travel and stuff. 4 Mandy really likes music, rock, rap and that. 5 We could buy Dad a DVD or something for his birthday.
Flash on Grammar Wh- words as subject or object When interrogative pronouns like who and what are the subject of the sentence, we do not use the auxiliaries do/does/did and it is not necessary to invert the subject and the verb. Who drives this car? What kind of tree is that? When these interrogative pronouns are the object of the sentence, we must use the auxiliaries. Who do you go out with on Saturday? What newspaper does your father read? WB p. 12
1
Reorder the words to make correct questions.
1 car / whose / that noise / is / making? 2 does / jacket / fit / who / this? 3 your brother / is / doing / what? 4 colour / which / want / you / do? 5 that pretty / girl / is / who / with / red hair? 6 finish / when / you / school / on Fridays / do?
2 Choose the correct alternative in each pair of questions. 1 a Who runs the fastest? b Who does run the fastest? 2 a Which type of music do you listen to? b Which type of music listen you to?
3 Complete the sentences with can or could, may. 1 Excuse me Sir, _______ I use your pen please? 2 Mum, _______ I go to Tina’s party on Saturday? 3 Mrs Jones, _______ I use your washing machine please? Mine is broken. 4 _______ we sit down now? I’m really tired. 5 _______ I leave the classroom for a minute please, Sir? 6 _______ I have a day or two to think about the company’s offer?
4 Translate these phrases into your own language. 1 Could I leave before the end of the lesson? _________________________________________ 2 Could you ask him to come on Saturday, not Thursday? _________________________________________ 3 Can we watch the DVD with you? _________________________________________ 4 Can I change the channel on the TV? _________________________________________ 5 May I borrow your pen, please? _________________________________________ 6 Can I finish the dessert? _________________________________________
Suggestions
3 a Which pizza tastes best? b Which pizza does taste best?
To make a suggestion we use:
4 a What does make you angry? b What makes you angry?
Let’s…/Why don’t you…?/Shall we…? followed by the base form of the verb. Why don’t you all come over to my place?
5 a Which clothes prefer you? b Which clothes do you prefer?
Permission and requests: can, could, may We use the modal verbs can, could and may to ask for or give permission to do something. Could and may are used in formal contexts or to make very polite requests. Can we sit here, Kate? Could my mother sit here, please? May I sit here, Madam? WB p. 13
How about…?/What about…? followed by a noun or the -ing form of the verb. How about a pizza? What about getting some pizzas?
5
Complete these suggestions.
1 Why _____________ we buy tickets for the concert? 2 _____________ we go to the cinema? 3 How _____________ meeting at nine o’clock outside the cinema? 4 _____________ go to see the new Twilight film. 5 What _____________ going for a drink first? 6 _____________ don’t we go to Soft Rock Café?
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Titolo unità The Importance of being Earnest Flash on Skills
Before you read
1 The Importance of being Earnest (1895) is a comedy by Oscar Wilde. The title contains a play on words on the name Earnest which gives a clue about the plot. Can you guess what it is? Use a dictionary to help you. 2 Now read the plot summary and match the photos to paragraphs 1-4.
A
B
The plot 1
C
2
D 3
4
Reading
Jack is a rich man. He’s got a big house in the
country and another in London. His life in the country is boring and to make things more exciting he invents an alter ego, Earnest, for his life in the city. Jack meets Gwendolen, his best friend Algernon’s cousin. At the same time, Algernon falls in love with Cecily, Jack’s niece. Jack (as his alter ego Earnest) asks Gwendolen to marry him. She agrees to marry him, because she loves the name Earnest! Gwendolen’s mother, Lady Bracknell, interviews Jack. She wants to make sure ‘Earnest’ is the right man for her daughter – rich and aristocratic!
1.17 Read and listen to the scene from The Importance of Being Earnest where Lady Bracknell 3 interviews Jack. Underline the five questions she asks him.
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Literature 4 Read the extract again and underline Jack’s answers to Lady Bracknell’s questions. What things do they talk about? (3) love money
property smoking
1.18 Listen again. What do the speakers 8 say about the name a) ‘Ernest’ and the name b) ‘Jack’? Complete the lines from the play.
2
interests jobs
5 Choose the correct answer. 1 Lady Bracknell is worried because... a she doesn’t know Jack. b her friend Lady Bolton doesn’t know Jack. c she knows Jack very well. 2 When he says that he smokes Jack feels… a embarrassed. b indifferent. c ill. 3 Lady Bracknell thinks that Jack’s income is… a enough. b not enough. c too much. 4 She thinks the address of Jack’s house in London is... a an advantage. b a disadvantage. c something she needs to change.
6 The author uses irony to ridicule the values of his characters. Look at the text. What are his opinions about these thing?
the upper classes and work the upper classes and education the upper classes and where they live
STUDY SKILLS
Listening for gist (1) To understand the general sense of a conversation, think about the speakers. Focus on any additional information you know about them, for example: How many speakers are there? Where are they? Is there any background noise or sound effects? What is their relationship (friends, family)? What emotion can you hear in their voices? Do their emotions change during the conversation?
Listening
1.18 Listen to another dialogue from the 7 play and answer the questions.
1 How many speakers are there? 2 What is their relationship? 3 What emotion can you hear in their voices? 4 Do their emotions change during the conversation?
9 Answer the questions. 1 What does Gwendolen think her lover’s name is? 2 Why does she prefer that name? 3 What adjective does she use to describe the men she knows called Jack? What do you think it means ? (3) not attractive beautiful intelligent 4 What does Jack want to do immediately? 5 What do you think the word ‘christened’ means? (3) When a person changes his clothes. When a baby is given a name in church. When a person dies.
Speaking
1 0 Work in pairs. Do you think Jack is a good candidate to become Gwendolen’s husband? Talk about his position, background and abilities. A I think he comes from the right background because he’s rich. B Yes, but we don’t have any information about his family. A That’s not important because he loves Gwendolen.
11 Student A, imagine you are Lady Bracknell and interview student B who is another candidate to become Gwendolen’s husband. Think about the questions you want to ask the candidate about his position, background and abilities. Is he a suitable candidate? Why/Why not?
Writing
12 Write out the dialogue you invented from exercise 11. Remember the text is part of a play. Use the same layout as the extract in exercise 3.
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1 2
2
Titolo unità
Flashback
4
GRAMMAR
Comparatives and superlatives
1
Underline the correct answer.
0 She is my better/best friend. 1 The Spanish are the friendliest/more friendly people in Europe! 2 Which is the bigger/biggest building in the world? 3 Laura is tallest/the tallest pupil in the class. 4 New York is the more/most beautiful city in the world. 5 Moscow is one of the coldest/coldest cities in Europe. 6 The band plays the cooler/coolest music. You must listen to them. 6
2
Complete the sentences with one, two or three words. less popular than football. Only a 0 Rugby is ____________ few countries play it. (popular) 1 Stephen is ____________ Richard. (rich) 2 Maria ____________ Laura. (tall) 3 Are the Danes ____________ than the Swedes? (happy) 4 France is ____________ than Holland. (beautiful) 5 The Smiths are not ____________ as the Joneses. (happy) 6 She is not as ____________ her sister. (content) 7 I am not ____________ at the weekend as I am on Monday. (stressed) 8 English ____________ than Chinese. People learn it quickly. (easy) 9 Life in big cities is not ____________ than life in the country. (healthy) 10 Dogs ____________ cats. They understand people very well. (clever) 10
3 Complete the following sentences with the correct form of good, bad and far. better than my German. (good) 0 My English is _______ 1 The weather is getting ____________ every day. It’s really cold. (bad) 2 South Africa is ____________ from Italy than Denmark. (far) 3 She is the ____________ singer in the class. She’s wonderful. (good) 4 I got my ____________ exam results in maths. They were very bad. (bad) 4
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Complete with the correct word.
0 Luke is the _________ cleverest student in the class. (clever) 1 Berlin is the _______ city in the world. (exciting) 2 Edinburgh is ________ from London than Cambridge. (far) 3 He is the ________ chess player in the class. He’s a champion! (good) 4 Sally got her ________ exam results today. She’s a bit worried. (bad) 5 Susan is the ________ girl I know. (beautiful) 6 This exercise is ________ than the last one. (difficult) 7 She is ____________ now because she’s found a great job. (stressed) 7
Wh- words as subject or object
5 Complete with who, which and whose and the correct verb. 0 ______ Which type of music ____ do you prefer? 1 ________ sport ________ you like best? 2 ________ your favourite sport? 3 ________ the shopping in your house? 4 ________ running in the race today? 5 ________ you look like, your mum or your dad? 6 ________ shoes ________ these? 6
can, could and may
6
Complete the dialogues with can or may.
1 A Hey, John, (0) ____ can you play the guitar? B Yeah, and the drums. A (1) ____ I ask you a big, big favour? B Yeah, of course you can. A (2) ____ you play a song at my birthday party? B Yeah, of course I (3) ____ . 2 A Hey, (4) ____ I ask you a question? B Yeah, of course you (5) ____ . A Do you love me? B Sorry, darling. I (6) ____ tell you. It’s a secret… 3 A Excuse me, Professor Jones. (7) ____ I speak to you, please? B Yes, of course. Come in. A (8) ____ I sit down? B You (9) ____ . Now, what (10) ____ I do for you?
Say which dialogues are formal (F) or Informal (I). 1 __________ 2 __________ 3 __________ 13
Flashback Round up!
Places of entertainment
7
10 Complete the sentences.
Choose the correct word or words: a, b or c.
the most beautiful city in Europe. 0 Paris is _________ a more b most c the most 1 ________ the most dangerous city in the world? a Who is b Which is c Where does 2 Are Canadians _________ people on earth? a more happy b most happiest c the happiest 3 I think Mexico city is _________ than Lisbon. a more danger b dangerous c more dangerous 4 Roberto is the _________ boy in the class. a funnier b most funny c funniest 5 You’re not cleverer _________ me! a than b that c as 6 _________ books are these, are they yours? a Whose b Which c Who 7 _________ you like most in your class? a Which b Whose are c Who do 8 _________ teaches you English? a Who is b Who c Who does 8
VOCABULARY
Places in town and country
8 Complete the words about the city and the country. 0 sw_i m __ fa_ _ m _i _ n_ g p_ o _l 6 o 1 ch_ _ _ _ 7 wo_ _ 2 b_ _k 8 br_ _ _e 3 re_ _ _ _ _ _ _t 9 h_ _ge 4 ro_ _ _ _ _ _ _t 10 f_ _ _d 5 ho_ _ _ _ _l 11 l_ _e 11
Types of films
9
0 We watch plays at the _______ theatre . 1 We watch films at the ____________ . 2 We go bowling at the ____________ . 3 We listen to music at the ____________ . 4 We see paintings at the ____________ . 5 We see old things at the ____________ . 6 We have a coffee at the ____________ . 7 We dance and drink at the ____________ . 7
FUNCTIONS
Asking for and giving opinions
11 Complete the dialogue with the words given. better brilliant why cool like how hottest where what best think
Where did you go on Saturday? A (0) _______ B We went to the Pink Bananas, with Mike. A Pink Bananas? Who or (1) _______ are they? B They’re a rock band. The (2) _______ band playing today. A Really? (3) _______ was it, were they any good? B They were really (4) _______ . A But (5) _______ do you like them? B Well, they’ve got the most (6) _______ guitarist. A Do you think he’s (7) _______ than Eric Clapton? B No, he’s not as good as Clapton but I think he’s one of the (8) _______ in the world. A And what about Mike, did he like it? B No, he doesn’t (9) _______ their music. But I (10) _______ he’s wrong. 10
Making suggestions
What kind of film is it?
12 Choose the correct word.
action film comedy animation war film western musical horror film thriller romance science-fiction film
0 It’s got guns and cowboys in it. _________ western 1 It’s got lots of songs and dancing. _________ 2 It’s got monsters in it, like Frankenstein. _________ 3 Toy Story and Shrek are good examples of these. _________ 4 There’s a lot of suspense. _________ 5 People fall in and out of love. _________ 6 There are car chases. _________ 7 You laugh or smile a lot. _________ 8 Countries fight and men kill. _________ 9 It is about other planets or the future. _________ 9
A What do you (0) fancy/like doing tonight? B I don’t know. (1) Let’s/Shall we go to a pub? A I’m not sure. (2) Why not/Let’s go to a disco! B I don’t fancy dancing. (3) How/Which about going to see a movie? A Yeah, OK. (4) Shall/Why don’t we go and see the new vampire film? B Oh, no, I don’t (5) go/fancy another stupid vampire film. A OK, OK, so you don’t (6) fancy/want to see more vampires in love… B No. We (7) may/could just stay home! A Yeah, let’s chill out. (8) Shall/Let’s do nothing. B Yeah, I really fancy (9) do/doing nothing. Cool! 9 Total:
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3
Dreams Can Come True... Diary of a tenacious teen
A
1
Look at the pictures in the article. Match them to the descriptions. 1 photographing wildlife 2 cooking in the galley kitchen 3 sailing the boat alone
2
1.19 Listen and read the article. Mark Erika’s route on the map.
3 Only one of these statements is correct. Underline it then correct the other false statements. 1 Erika wants to be the first person to sail round the world. 2 Her dad’s name is Harry. 3 Erika’s birthday is on August the 10th. 4 Her friends think she is lucky. 5 She is studying sport. 6 She’s got an exam next week.
4
Look at the answers then write the questions. 1 His name is Harry. What’s Erika’s boyfriend’s name? 2 16. 3 It’s on July the 8th. 4 They love sailing. 5 Sports management.
FLASH FORWARD Write questions to ask Erika about her life. Ask her about school, family, friends, hobbies, the voyage. Imagine her replies and write her answers.
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Vocabulary: Prepositions of movement 5
1.20 Match the prepositions to the pictures, then listen and check your answers. across
through
into
over
down
out of
around
up
1 _________
2 _________
3 _________
4 _________
5 _________
6 _________
7 _________
8 _________
FLASHPOINT The horses ran through the forest/the town/the water. (you cross something by going into it at one point and coming out at another point) The child ran across the road/the park/the bridge. (you cross something with clear limits by going from one part to another)
3 FLASHPOINT B
We use want to followed by a verb to talk about intentions, desires or future plans. He wants to study medicine. They want to stay with us this summer.
7
Complete the dialogue with the correct form of these verbs. C
set off
plan
take
want
A Where are you going tomorrow, Stella? B I _____________ to go surfing at Echo Beach. A Cool! What time are you leaving? B We _____________ from my house at about 9 o’clock. A Oh, is someone taking you? B Yes, my friend Brad and his brother, Nick. A What _____________ you _____________ with you? B Well, my surfboard and swimming costume and we _____________ to have a picnic there, so I’m taking some sandwiches and stuff.
Write it!
8 Write your plans for this week on the diary page. Use the verbs below or your ideas. GRAMMAR
Present continuous for future plans
stay home play football go to a party meet friends visit relatives go to the cinema go for a pizza go to the dentist see the doctor go out
Erika is setting off next week. I’m having a birthday party on Saturday. They’re not coming, they’re staying home. We can use the Present continuous to talk about future plans or arrangements. Find more examples of this use of the Present continuous in the text. Underline them.
6 Complete the sentences about the Rogers family’s plans for next week. 1 (John go) _____________ to the doctor’s on Wednesday evening. 2 (Mary go) _____________ to the party on Saturday. 3 (We not play) _____________ football on Sunday. 4 (They go out) _____________ on Friday? 5 (She not meet) _____________ her boyfriend on Wednesday. 6 (He not go) _____________ to a concert on Friday. 7 (You leave) _____________ for London on Saturday?
I’m staying home.
Say it!
9 Use your sentences to talk to your partner about your plans for the next few days. A Where are you going on Saturday, Robert? B Well, I want to go to the market in town.
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3
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Titolo unità
What are you going to do? 1
1.21 Listen and read. Antonio changes his plans for tonight: what does he decide to do?
Anna Antonio Anna Antonio Anna Antonio Anna Antonio
Anna Antonio
Anna Antonio Anna Antonio Anna Antonio Anna Antonio
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So, what are you going to do, Antonio? I’m watching the match at Michael’s place. No, not tonight. I mean in the future – work, study... I’m not sure. First, I’m going to do my ‘A’ levels... Yeah? What subjects are you studying? French, history, maths and English. So why are you doing the summer film course at the LAC now? Do you want to get into films? I don’t know yet but I’m not going to be a businessman, like my dad. I want to do something creative. Are you going to stay in Liverpool? No, I intend to move away from home, apply to a design college in London. Liverpool’s great but I think life in London is more exciting, more stimulating. What about you? I’m going to study acting – at the LAC I hope! My dream is to be an actress. Yeah? Well, you’re certainly pretty… and you’re talented. Do you think so? Yes, I do. By the way, err… Are you doing anything tonight? Em, no, nothing really. I’m just going to wash my hair and chill out, probably. Why? Well, … why don’t we go out? But you’re going to watch the match with Michael… Oh, it’s no big deal, really. There’s this great band on in Clapham…
2
Read the statements and write T (true) or F (false), then correct the false statements. Antonio... 1 wants to watch football tonight. 2 is staying in tonight. 3 wants to start a job after school. 4 doesn’t like Liverpool.
___ ___ ___ ___
Anna… 5 wants to be a doctor. ___ 6 is staying in tonight. ___ 7 doesn’t want to go out with Antonio. ___
FLASH FORWARD Which of these things are you planning to do after you finish school? Write sentences – which of your plans are certain? take a gap year go to university find a job get married
Vocabulary: School subjects 3
1.22 In which school subjects do you learn these things? Write the names, then listen and check. history biology physical education geography physics English art computer studies
1 How to use computers: 2 How to keep fit: 3 How to draw and paint: 4 About the language used in the UK: 5 About important events in the past: 6 How the world works: 7 How your body works: 8 About other countries:
_____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________
4
Can you write definitions for these school subjects? maths religious education French social studies
1 _________________________________________ 2 _________________________________________ 3 _________________________________________ 4 _________________________________________
GRAMMAR
3 FUNCTIONS
Talking about intentions So, what are you going to do, Antonio? I’m not sure. First, I’m going to do my ‘A’ levels. I want to do something creative. I intend to move away from home.
Say it!
6 Practise this dialogue with a partner then repeat it changing the words in blue to make new dialogues. Use the suggestions below or your own ideas. teacher hairdresser engineer scientist historian translator
salesman architect
A Which subjects are you doing next year? B Physics, biology and chemistry. A Why? What are you going to study after school? B I’m going to study medicine. I intend to be a doctor.
Write it! 7
What do you want to do after you leave school? Write a paragraph about your intentions for the future. Use be going to, intend and want.
be going to for future intentions I’m going to watch the match. I’m not going to be a businessman. Are you going to stay in Liverpool? We use be going to + verb to talk about our future intentions. Find other examples of be going to in the dialogue. Underline them.
I’m going to be a doctor; I intend to travel around the world and work in different places. I’m going to fall in love and get married. I want to have three children...
5 Write sentences from these prompts with be going to. 1 she / wash / hair She is going to wash her hair. 2 she / invite / Michael / to the party 3 he / be / a footballer 4 they / play / computer games 5 I / learn / to paint 6 she / be / a doctor 7 they / study / music
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Titolo unità
Vocabulary Workshop
Prepositions of movement
School subjects
1
Match the prepositions with the photos.
1
4 Write the subjects in the correct groups. Add any others you know.
through 2
down 3
A
across 4
over
history biology physical education geography physics religious education maths chemistry English computer studies French social studies
B
C
Art & Social sciences
D
Other
2
Which of these are prepositions of movement and which are prepositions of place? Write them in the correct groups. Which of them can you write in both groups? across opposite through between into in front of over down out of in on around near up under next to behind at
Prepositions of movement
Both
Prepositions of place
Sciences
Pronunciation: /I/ and /i…/ The short /I/ sound is represented by the letters i and y, while the long /i…/ sound is represented in a variety of ways (ee, ea, e).
across
5
STUDY SKILLS
Categorising words Categorising words into groups is a useful way of remembering them. You can use tables, columns or sets to categorise them. Remember in some cases words can belong to more than one group.
3
Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions. 1 The bear ran _______ the forest, the hunter close behind him. 2 Can you go _______ the stairs and get my bag, please dear? 3 The people came _______ the theatre slowly, talking about the amazing musical. 4 You have to go _______ that bridge to get to the other side of the river. 5 We drove _______ the town for hours but we didn’t find our cat. 6 The motorway goes _______ the railway lines near the station.
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1.23 Listen and repeat the words.
\I\
\i…\
ship, trip, chip, live ___________________ ___________________
sheep, leave, cheap ___________________ ___________________
6
1.24 Say these words and add them to the chart in exercise 5. Then listen and check your answers. business rocket she children need complete planet think kids big thirteen this sixteen sit million cheap see holiday kiss even week pick fit feet seat
7
1.25 Underline all the /I/ sounds in this tongue twister. Circle the /i…/ sounds, then listen and practise saying it! Two millionaire businesswomen with big families of sixteen children think it is difficult and they need a cheap trip and a little holiday in Italy.
Flash on Grammar Present continuous for future plans We use the Present continuous to talk about future actions that are already decided and arranged.
We use be going to + base form of the verb to talk about future intentions and plans.
- Tomorrow we’re going to Spain. We booked last month. We’re leaving on the morning flight. - Are you staying in Barcelona? - No, we’re driving to Malaga straight from the airport. We decided to hire a car.
I’m going to be an actress. She’s going to study history at Bristol University.
In this case the Present continuous is often accompanied with future time expressions like tomorrow, next week, on Monday, this evening, next summer, at the weekend. WB p. 20
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the Present continuous, then underline the future time expressions. 1 Michael ___________ is playing (play) football on Saturday. 2 Antonio _____________ (meet) Anna on Friday evening. 3 Anna _____________ (go) to Paris at the weekend. 4 We _____________ (not have) an English test at school on Monday. 5 They _____________ (swim) in the school team in the competition this afternoon. 6 She _____________ (not go out) with her boyfriend tonight. 7 I _____________ (stay) at home this evening to watch a DVD.
2
Make questions using the prompts.
1 what / Robyn / do / on Saturday? What is Robyn doing on Saturday? 2 what / we / do / in August? 3 where / Anna / go / at the weekend? 4 when / we / go / to Scotland? 5 what time / we / set off / for the airport? 6 what / they / do / at Christmas? 7 why / you / go / to London / in the winter?
3 Read the questions and write six sentences about your intentions.
be going to for future intentions
1 What are you doing this weekend? (x2) 2 Where are you going in the summer? (x2) 3 When are you seeing your friends? (x2)
3
WB p. 20
4
Write sentences using the prompts.
1 I / go / drive / a fast car I’m going to drive a fast car. 2 I / go / on a trip / around the world 3 you / make / lots of money 4 she / have / a good job 5 they / get / married 6 she / live / in the country
5 Read the sentences and decide whether they describe future plans which are certain, or intentions. Write P or I, then underline the correct form of the verb. 1 Robyn is being/is going to be a doctor. ___ I 2 I am studying/am going to study in the USA. ___ 3 What time is your bus leaving/going to leave the station? ___ 4 Are you going to do/doing anything tonight? ___ 5 I can’t see you this afternoon. I’m seeing/going to see my dentist at 6. ___ 6 Thanks, but I can’t come to the party on Saturday – I’m going to go/going to a concert. I got the tickets yesterday. ___
6 Complete the interview with the young singer Bessie Shears. Use the Present continuous or be going to. Are you going to live in the country or the city? (1) _____________ (live) in the country. (2) _____________ (buy) a big house? No, I’m not. I (3) _____________ (live) in a little cottage. I see. Are you (4) _____________ (get) married? Intv. Bessie Not yet! I’m only 17! I’ve got school. I’m (5) _____________ (take) my final exams in May. Are you (6) _____________ (do) any concerts Intv. soon? Bessie Yes, in the summer. We (7) _____________ (start) in Barcelona on August the 3rd and then we (8) _____________ (do) two concerts in Portugal. We (9) _____________ (visit) 25 countries altogether. And then I (10) _____________ (have) a holiday!
Intv. Bessie Intv. Bessie
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3
Titolo unità Education matters Flash on Skills
Before you read
1 How much do you know about the school system in Britain? Can you complete the facts in the Did you know? box?
Did you know? Many (1) _______ schools in Britain in the past were single-sex only. Research showed that teenage boys and girls performed (2) _______ at school in separate classes. In recent times schools have opted for mixed-sex education, so that everybody has equal opportunities. The school day in Britain usually lasts from (3) _______ o’clock until half past three, and children don’t go to school on (4) _______ . The summer holidays are quite short in Britain compared to other European countries just (5) _______ weeks. However pupils also get (6) _______ weeks at Christmas, two weeks at Easter and a week at half-term during each of the three terms in the school year. 2
1.26 Now listen and check your answers.
Reading
3 Read the text and complete the table about the types of school. Type of school nursery school primary school secondary school sixth form college
32
Age of child
Culture 4 Answer the questions.
1 What is a ‘sixth form college’? 2 Do children take an entrance exam before starting Secondary school in Britain? 3 How old are British students when they take the national exams in Secondary school? 4 What is the difference between an independent school and a public school? 5 Which subjects are compulsory now for all pupils in British Secondary schools?
Speaking
5 Work in pairs. Student A, look at the typical British school timetable on your right. Student B, close your book and ask your partner questions to find out about the differences between your timetable and the British one. B What subject have these students got first lesson on Mondays? A Design and Technology but before that they’ve got Registration and Assembly.
STUDY SKILLS
Listening for gist (2) When you are listening for the general sense of dialogue or speech there are some characteristics about the speaker which can help your comprehension. Is the speaker giving a personal opinion or relating information? Does he/she use phrases like I think…, In my opinion…, I feel that…? Does the speaker sound sure of what he/she is saying? Does he/she hesitate, repeat things, or say the same things again in a different way? What emotion can you hear in the speaker’s voice? Does he/she sound happy, angry, worried? What’s his/her attitude to the subject?
Listening
1.27 Some families think that their 6 children can learn more at home with the help of their parents. In the UK home-schooling is permitted as an alternative to education in school. Listen to a British boy talking about his experience of home-schooling. Does he like it or not? How do you know?
1.27 Listen again. Read the statements 7 and write T (true) or F (false), then correct the false statements. 1 The boy’s parents think home-schooling is more relevant to real life than formal school education. 2 His lessons often develop from everyday activities in the home. 3 His mum used cooking to teach him some biology. 4 The boy learns about nature from encyclopedias. 5 His maths and English lessons come from television programmes. 6 His mum finds extra activities for him on internet home-schooling websites.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Writing
8 Work in small groups. How does the education system work in your country? Write a paragraph explaining it. Try to answer these questions.
What different types of school are there in the system? How old are pupils when they start the different schools? Are there any private schools? How are they different from state schools? Which subjects are compulsory for all students? How old are students when they take the national exams?
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3
4
Back to the Future Technology and your future
1
1.28 What are the things in the photos? Listen and read the text, then find and underline their names. A
B
C
D
2 Read the chat forum again and correct these sentences.
3 Look back at the text. What can the four objects in the photos do? Write explanations.
The bloggers say that in the future...
1 TV screens will be smaller. 2 e-tablets will do the cooking. 3 everyone will have a flying car. 4 we will wear glasses for using the Internet. 5 GPS navigators will tell you what to eat. 6 we’ll wear computers in our hair.
1 The electric car can move without a driver. You tell it where you want to go.
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FLASH FORWARD What do you think of the prof’s ideas? Write your own opinion.
Vocabulary: Technology 4
1.29 Write the words under the photos, then listen and check your answers and repeat the words. tablet e-reader
GPS navigator global translator smartphone digital camera portable playstation MP3 player laptop
6 Write predictions with will using the prompts below. 1 robots / do / the cooking / at home Robots will do the cooking at home. 2 in the future / teachers / be / robots 3 all computer games / be / in 3D 4 all cars / have / GPS navigators 5 people / not go / to the cinema 6 schools / not have / blackboards 7 there / not be / buses in cities
FUNCTIONS
Expressing personal opinions about the future 1 ____________
2 ____________
3 ____________
4 ____________
5 ____________
6 ____________
The wall in your living room will be your TV screen. Do you think they’ll take off? I believe that we’ll have electric cars. I’m sure that technology will change all that. I don’t think we will have mobile phones.
Say it!
7 Give your personal opinion about the statements in exercise 6. Use the verbs from the Functions box. Add some comments of your own to each prediction. 7 ____________
8 ____________
9 ____________
Say it! 5
Tick the gadgets you’ve got now. Put a question mark for those you think you’ll have in the future. Talk to a partner about what you’ve got. A Have you got a laptop? B No, I haven’t. How about you? Have you got one? A Yes, I have, it’s a MacBook.
GRAMMAR
will for future predictions e-tablets will be very popular. We won’t have to do anything to drive the cars. Will we have flying cars? Find more examples of will for making predictions and giving opinions about the future in the text. Underline them.
I believe that robots will do the cooking in the home – and the cleaning too!
8 Choose one of the topics below. Ask your partner about his/her opinion about it in the future. travel
education
communication
A Do you think people will travel everywhere by aeroplane? B No, I think we’ll all have mini-helicopters!
Write it!
9 Write your predictions for the future. Which of the gadgets in exercise 4 will exist in 20 years’ time and which ones won’t exist? I don’t think that laptops will exist in 20 years’ time. Everyone will have e-tablets instead.
35
4
4
4
Titolo unità
It’s going to rain this weekend! 1
1.30 Listen and read. What is Anna going to do this weekend?
Robyn Anna Robyn Anna
What are you doing, Anna? Just checking the weather for Berlin. Berlin?! Why? I’m flying there this weekend. Look, here are my tickets. I can’t wait! Robyn Wow, that will be super cool! Berlin in summer – I’m sure it’ll be totally amazing! Anna Yeah, and I’ll be able to see the city before I decide about my gap year there. Robyn That’s a good idea. What do you think the weather will be like at this time of the year? Anna It’ll be hot and sunny, I hope. Robyn What will the temperature be? Anna In the summer it’s usually boiling – about 30 degrees some days! Robyn The satellite picture doesn’t look good, though. Look, it’s very cloudy and windy over Germany. Anna You’re right. Oh no! The forecast says it’s going to rain this weekend in Berlin! Robyn Well, I’m sure there will still be loads of things to do. You can visit the museums and galleries and stuff. Anna Yes, I suppose it won’t matter. I’m going with my German friend Ute there. She says the sales are on now, so there will be tons of great bargains! We can do some serious shopping! Robyn Sounds like fun… I’m sure that you’ll have a great time. Lucky you! Anna Why don’t you come too, Robyn? Robyn I’d love to but I won’t have any money until I start my summer job in the shoe shop. It’s going to be a long, boring summer putting shoes on other people’s smelly feet... Anna (laughs) Oh come on, it won’t be that bad. Robyn I hope not!
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2
Answer the questions.
1 What is Anna doing now? 2 Where is she going at the weekend? 3 What does Robyn think about the plan? 4 What’s the weather usually like in Berlin in summer? 5 What’s Anna going to do if it rains? 6 Why can’t Robyn go, too?
3 What is the weather forecast for Berlin this weekend? Tick (3) the symbols. 1
2
n 4
3
n 5
n
n 6
n
FLASH FORWARD Write answers to these questions. 1 Where’s the best weather in your country? 2 What things can visitors do there?
n
A
4
C
B
Vocabulary: The weather
4
1.31 Match the sentences with the photos, then listen and check.
1 It’s 2 It’s 3 It’s 4 It’s 5 It’s 6 It’s
raining. sunny. windy. snowing. cloudy. foggy.
D
E
5 Write the adjectives about temperature in the correct place on the thermometer. warm
hot
cool
FUNCTIONS
Talking about the weather
cold
What do you think the weather will be like at this time of the year? It’ll be hot and sunny, I hope. The forecast says it’s going to rain this weekend in Berlin! What will the temperature be? The summer is usually boiling – about 30 degrees some days.
1 ____________ 2 ____________ 3 ____________ 4 ____________
GRAMMAR
be going to for future predictions The forecast says it’s going to rain this weekend. It’s going to be a long, boring summer... We use be going to + verb to make predictions about the future based on evidence we can see now. Find more examples of be going to in the dialogue. What evidence is there for the predictions?
6 Complete the sentences with be going to plus the verbs below. get
crash
miss
rain
score
beat
pass
1 Their team is not very good. ’re going to beat them. We_______________ 2 Look at the clouds. It _______________ . 3 Hurry up. We _______________ the bus. 4 It’s raining outside. You _______________ wet. 5 He is a brilliant student. He _______________ the test. 6 He’s got the ball. He’s on his own. He _______________ ! 7 Their teenage son drives very badly. One day, he _______________ the car.
F
7
Match the questions to the answers.
1 What do you think the weather will be like? 2 What is it going to be like tomorrow? 3 What will the temperature be?
a The forecast says it’s going to be cold and foggy. b About 25 degrees, I think. c It’ll be hot and sunny, I hope.
Say it!
8 Look at the map. In pairs, ask and answer questions about the weather tomorrow. A What do you think the weather will be like in Glasgow tomorrow? B It’s going to be cloudy. A What will the temperature be? B It’s going to be cold – about 12 degrees.
Write it! 9
Write the weather forecast for tomorrow for your town. Check the forecast on the Internet, then predict what the weather is going to be like.
Tomorrow in Sydney the weather is going to be warm and sunny... 37
4
4
Titolo unità
Vocabulary Workshop
Technology
1 Match objects 1-4 to the correct definitions, then write definitions for objects 5-8.
4 Make a word web for all the weather words you know. Divide them into adjectives, verbs and nouns.
1 tablet 5 smartphone 2 e-reader 6 digital camera 3 GPS navigator 7 portable playstation 4 global translator 8 MP3 player a It is an electronic screen for reading books. b It’s a type of online multi-lingual dictionary and phrase book. c It works by satellite to locate you, tell you where you are and where you want to go. d It is a touch-screen computer, e-reader and DVD player with a lot of applications.
2 What other words do you know for technology? Write four and then swap with a partner. Try to describe what your partner’s objects are. A A digital frame. B It’s something to put digital photographs in. You can put more than one photo in it and look at them one after the other.
verbs
adjectives
THE WEATHER
nouns
Pronunciation: /ø/ and /œ/ 5
1.32 Listen and repeat the words.
\ø\ up, cup, young, month, does
\œ\ bank, plan, rat, hand, apple
6
1.33 Listen to the groups of words and underline the word which doesn’t contain the /ø/ sound.
3 Can you translate these extra words for the weather into your own language? 1 storm 2 thunder 3 lightning 4 hail 5 mist 6 ice
a ___________ b ___________ c ___________ d ___________ e ___________ f ___________
FLASHPOINT We generally use adjectives to talk about the weather. It’s sunny/foggy/windy. We can also use the verb in the Present continuous form. It’s raining/snowing. But we say: The sun is shining.
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3 good – study – son 4 sunny – book – luck
Spoken English
The weather
1 look – shut – gun 2 cat – cut – blood
In informal spoken English we often exaggerate for emphasis. Look at how these expressions are used. That will be super cool! I’m sure it’ll be totally amazing! There will still be loads of things to do. There are going to be tons of great bargains!
7
Rewrite these mini-dialogues using the words in bold from the box. 1 A How many CDs have you got? B A lot. 2 A Are there very good discos? B Well, a lot of people go to the Rock Club. 3 A What’s the best club in town? B The Rock Club – it’s very trendy. 4 A We’re going to Las Vegas on holiday in June. B I’m sure it will be good.
Flash on Grammar will for personal opinions and future predictions We use will + base form of the verb to talk about the future. It is invariable for all persons. Will everybody be at the party? Yes, everybody will be at the party. No, Helen won’t be at the party.
I think that people will live on Mars. I hope that she’ll call me tonight. WB p. 28
1 Complete the sentences using will and the verbs given below. grow not use not survive disappear be reduce have
1 I don’t think governments ___________ will reduce the number of nuclear weapons. 2 The number of poor people in the world ___________ . 3 I’m sure we ___________ bank notes and coins to buy things, just cash cards and credit cards. 4 All the cars we drive ___________ electric. 5 The rain forests ___________ . 6 Many endangered species ___________ . 7 All the countries in the EU ___________ the euro.
2 Write questions using will and the words given, then complete the short answers. 1 you / be / at home / this / evening? No Will you be at home this evening? No, I won’t. 2 the weather / improve / tomorrow? Yes 3 she / arrive / before / midnight? No 4 you / still / love / me / when / I am / sixty? Yes 5 I / see / you / next / week? Yes 6 the President / visit / Japan / in spring? No 7 they / finish / the test / by three o’clock? Yes
3 Write predictions about your own life in twenty years. Use the verbs below. 1 I 2 I 3 I 4 I 5 I
think that… believe that… feel that… know that… hope that…
We use be going to + base form of the verb to make future predictions based on observed facts or evidence. It’s late. I’m going to miss the bus. It’s raining. They’re going to get wet. He didn’t study at all. He’s going to fail the test. WB p. 28
We use will to express a personal opinion or a future prediction based on hypotheses. We often introduce these with the verbs think, believe, hope, know, feel, expect or with I’m sure.
be going to for future predictions
4
4 Read the evidence and match it to the prompts for predictions, then write the predictions using be going to. Evidence 1 It’s her birthday tomorrow. 2 Simon’s very clever. 3 It’s freezing. 4 She’s running very fast. 5 He’s buying her a ring. 6 They’re playing football outside the house.
Predictions a win the race b be very successful c snow d get married e break the window f have a party
It’s her birthday tomorrow. She’s going to have a party.
5 Read the sentences and underline the correct verb form. 1 The sky is cloudy. It is going to/will rain. 2 I think the population of the UK is going to/will be 100 million in 2050. 3 Look, that old house is going to/will fall down. 4 Hurry up! It’s nine o’clock! You’re going to/’ll be late. 5 In 2030, people will/are going to go on holidays in space. 6 Be careful, you’ll/’re going to drop that glass. 7 I feel very tired. I’m going to/will faint.
6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets and will or going to. 1 Lady Gaga is very popular. It ___________ (be) difficult to get tickets for the concert. 2 Stop driving fast or we ___________ (have) an accident! 3 We believe all students ___________ (pass) this exam. 4 Don’t eat all those chocolates – you ___________ (be) sick! 5 Halloween ___________ (fall) on a Sunday this year. 6 He hopes she ___________ (change) her mind about the holiday.
7
What do you think will happen to you next year? Write six sentences with will/won’t. Use the verbs and expressions from the list, or choose other verbs. study
go
play
enjoy
pass
do
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4
4
Titolo unitĂ Energy and our future Flash on Skills
Before you read
1 Look at the words in bold in the texts below. Write what type of words they are.
2 Now try to match them to their definitions. What things in the context helped you? 1 let go 4 something that blocks water flow 2 put into motion 5 reach 3 high temperature 6 make operational
3
1.34 Listen and check your answers.
Reading
STUDY SKILLS
Predicting meaning When you find words you don’t know in a reading text first try to work out the meaning from the context, before you look them up in a dictionary. Read the sentence where the word is carefully. Look for clues in the words around it, which may provide a definition or an example. Check what the grammatical form of the word is. For example, nouns will usually have articles or possessive adjectives before them, verbs will have a subject and perhaps an auxiliary verb. Then look for clues about the meaning. An adjective may describe a noun, an adverb may modify the meaning of a verb.
4 Match the headings to the fact files about different types of energy.
40
CLIL 5 Read the statements about different types of energy and write T (true) or F (false), then correct the false statements. 1 The sun produces more energy than we need. 2 Solar energy doesn’t depend on the weather now. 3 Wind turbines are good at converting wind energy into electricity. 4 Geothermal energy uses heat from under the ground to drive electricity turbines. 5 It is a very cheap form of energy. 6 Hydroelectric energy is expensive.
___ ___
Speaking
7 Work in pairs. Ask your partner to close his/her book. Choose five pieces of information from the text about geothermal energy and tell them to your partner but don’t say what they refer to. Can he/she remember?
___
A It has a temperature of 6,000 degrees Celsius. B The sun? A No, it’s the centre of the Earth.
___ ___ ___
Listening
6 Now read the information about geothermal energy and put the paragraphs in the correct order.
4
8 Match these words to their definitions.
1 sources
a put in a hole under the Earth b keeping something for a long 2 waste time without using it c where something originally 3 renewable comes from d the by-product of a chemical 4 buried process which we can’t use for anything 5 storage e which can be constantly replaced
1.35 Listen to the discussion about 9 nuclear energy. What is the main reason why it is controversial? Dounreay Nuclear Power Plant
1.35 Listen again 10 and answer the questions. 1 Why are some European governments interested in nuclear energy? 2 Why is nuclear energy controversial? 3 Why is nuclear waste dangerous? 4 How is nuclear waste usually stored? 5 What effect will these storage solutions have on people’s health in the future?
Writing
11 Choose one of the energy types described in exercise 4 and use the Internet to find out about it. Write a paragraph describing how it works, like the ones in exercise 4.
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3 4
4
Titolo unità
Flashback
GRAMMAR
Present continuous for future plans
1 Complete the following sentences with the present continuous (affirmative and negative). spend cook stay fly play get go out meet wash
8
2
Make questions in the present continuous using question words and the prompts. When are we having the next party? (we / have) 0 __________________ 1 _____________ at the weekend? (you / do) 2 _____________ for their holidays this summer? (they / go) 3 _____________ to the supermarket? Why don’t they walk? (they / drive) 4 Have you got the train tickets? _____________ time _____________ from the station? (we / leave) 5 _____________ for the Carnival party? I’m going as a Princess. (you / wear) 6 _____________ your aunt? On Friday? (you / see) 7 _____________ married to? Leonard? (she / get) 14
be going to for future intentions
3 Complete the sentences with the going to future (affirmative and negative). be
pass
break
sail
rain
make
0 Look at those black clouds. It_____________ ’s going to rain . 1 I love life in the country. I ___________ in the city all my life. 2 She loves sailing. She ___________ round the world. 3 He’s a really good businessman. He ___________ lots of money. 4 Be careful with those glasses! You ___________ them!
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6
4 Put these jumbled words in the correct order to make questions with the going to future.
’m washing my hair. 0 I can’t see you this evening, I__________ 1 No, you can’t go out, you __________ in and finishing your homework! 2 Paul can’t come to the cinema, he __________ an old friend tonight. 3 Michael, we can’t invite Luke and Laura! We __________ with my parents at 9! 4 Bad news: we __________ football on Saturday, the referee’s ill. 5 OK, here’s the plan: Monday morning, we __________ to Cagliari and we __________ a few days in Sardinia. 6 I __________ up at 5 o’clock in the morning. It’s too early! 7 No, I __________ tonight, we’re going out to eat.
live
5 They don’t work hard at school. They ___________ their exams. 6 The weather forecast is fantastic. It ___________ cold.
0 what / going / to / are / you / do / school / after? What are you going to do after school? 1 going / to / live / are / you / in / Bonn / or / Berlin? 2 is / to / going / rain / tomorrow / it? 3 tonight / they / where / are / to / going / go? 4 they / are / have / going / to / lots / of / children? 5 when / is / to / get / she / going / married? 6 are / you / see / going / to / the / doctor / this / week? 7 who / are / meet / you / tonight / going / to? 7
will for future predictions
5 Complete these sentences. Use will/won’t and the following verbs. be
live
get
be
buy
drive
be
travel
be
0 Tomorrow the weather _______ will be cold and cloudy. 1 I think people ________ in smaller houses in 100 years time. 2 No, people ________ to other planets for holidays. Impossible! 3 The temperature of the earth ________ higher and higher. 4 People ________ electric cars in a few years’ time. 5 All my friends ________ at the party. It ________ great. 6 Please, come to the party! It ________ any fun without you. 7 No, I ________ a new bicycle. I can’t afford it. 8
6
Complete the short answers.
Yes, I will . 0 Will you be at school tomorrow? _________ 1 Are you going out tonight? Yes, _________ . 2 Is she going to live in London? Yes, _________ . 3 Will it be sunny tomorrow? No, _________ . 4 Will they still be in love in ten years’ time? No, _________ . 5 Are they going to live in the country? No, _________ . 6 Is he leaving her? Yes, _________ . 7 Is he marrying Laura? No, _________ . 8 Will we live on other planets in the future? No, _________ . 9 Is it going to be a nice day tomorrow? No, _________ . 9
Flashback Round up!
7
School subjects
9
Choose the correct expressions.
A So what (0) are you/you are going to do after university? B I don’t know. I think (1) I’ll/I go take a year off. A What, are you going to (2) having/have a gap year? B Yeah, I (3) will/intend to see the world! A And then (4) you’re/you will going to come back and work? B Yeah, but I’m not sure what (5) I’m/I going to do after that… A Are you and Miriam (6) staying/stay together? B No, (7) we’re not/we are. A Well, I think (8) you’ll/you’re going meet lots of new people in your gap year. B Yeah, I think it’ll be really interesting. A When (9) are you leaving/you leaving? B I’m (10) leave/leaving from Victoria next month. 10
VOCABULARY
Prepositions of movement, The weather
8
Choose the correct word or words: a, b or c.
0 The dog ran _______ across the road. a over b around c across 3 1 The river goes _______ the old bridge. a into b up c under 2 The boy climbed _______ the tree. a across b up c out of 3 I went _______ the class and wrote on the board. a opposite b behind c in front of 4 We went for a walk _______ the forest. It was cold and dark. a through b over c into 5 The plane flew _______ the city before it landed at the airport. a up b through c over 6 Take your umbrella, it’s _______ . a sunny b foggy c raining 7 I can’t see outside, it’s _______ . a foggy b snowing c cloudy 8 Look at the clouds, I think there’s going to be a _______ . a storm b hail c lightning 9 It’s not very hot and it’s not very cold, it’s _______ . a cool b mist c wind 10 Did you hear the _______ ? It’s going to rain. a lightning b thunder c mist 11 It’s _______ cold outside – put some warm clothes on! a boiling b freezing c blowing 11
Find the school subjects in these jumbled words.
0 ohirsty 1 peoggrahy 2 logboiy 3 ncfreh 4 shpysic 5 ligrioeus cidanueto 6 ehgnlsi 7 rat 8 ptocmure ssutdei 9 tsham 10 sclpyhia tceudnoia 11 laisco ssuteid
_______ history __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ 11
Technology
10 Match the two columns to make phrases.
a camera b top c player d navigator e translator f phone 0 g tablet
0 e- 1 GPS 2 global 3 smart 4 digital 5 MP3 6 lap
6
FUNCTIONS
Expressing personal opinions about the future
11 Complete the sentences in the dialogue with these phrases. will have (x3) won’t work
won’t be what will they’ll will be I’m sure won’t use I don’t think
A The world’s changing so fast… B Yeah, (0) _________ what will life be like in 50 years’ time? A I believe people (1) ________ new jobs. B Yeah, they (2) ________ in offices. A I agree. (3) ________ work from home. B (4) ________ everyone (5) ________ a computer then. A Yeah and people (6) ________ cars and buses all the time. B Do you think there (7) ________ jobs for young people? A (8) ________ it will be easy to find work. B But perhaps people (9) ________ more free time. A Yeah, life (10) ________ so hard… It’ll be more fun… 10 Total:
100
43
3 4
5
Mind and Body
Music therapy
Vocabulary: Parts of the body
1
1.36 Write the words next to the numbers. Then listen and check. arm leg elbow
hand neck
foot head chest back stomach
1 ________
2 ________
3 ________
4 ________
5 ________
6 ________ 7 ________ 8 ________
9 ________ 10 _______
2
1.37 Read and listen to the article.
3 Read the questions and write the name of the person.
1 Who plays a musical instrument? _________ 2 Who does their homework to music? _________ 3 Who plays football? _________ 4 Who goes to classical concerts? _________ 5 Who thinks the gym is boring? _________ 6 Who has got a new girlfriend? _________
FLASH FORWARD Read the text again and list the benefits of dancing and listening to, or playing, music.
44
GRAMMAR
Present perfect I’ve never liked the gym. It hasn’t changed me into a supermodel. Have you ever been to a dance class? We make the Present perfect with have/has + past participle of the verb. Find more examples of the Present perfect in the text. Underline them.
5
Vocabulary: Health problems 7
1.38 Match the pictures to the expressions, then listen and check.
1 break a leg (an arm, your nose) 2 have a headache (a stomach ache, a toothache) 3 hurt your hand (your foot, your back) 4 cut your finger A
B
C
D
FLASHPOINT Observe the difference between been and gone in the examples: Robert has been to a dance class. He came back one hour ago. Robert has gone to a dance class and he is still there.
4
Match the base forms of the verbs with the past participles. meet become read find lose have grow get go buy put make
FUNCTIONS grown lost had put bought made found met become gone got read
meet – met
5 Complete each sentence with the Present perfect form of one of the verbs from exercise 4.
Giving advice Medical experts agree that we should all listen to music to relax. Why don’t you try it too? The doc said I shouldn’t play sports for a few months.
1 She works on TV so she ________ has met a lot of famous people. 2 My dad’s a great cook – look, he _________ this lovely cake for my birthday party. 3 I only met Maria last week and we _________ very good friends. 4 She _________ a new MP3 – it cost her a lot! 5 The boys _________ really tall; they’re not children anymore! 6 I _________ my keys. I can’t find them anywhere. 7 I _________ never _________ a book in French.
8
6
3 A Ohh! B What’s wrong? A I’ve hurt my back trying to lift those boxes. B OK, sit down. You _____________ . I’ll call the doctor.
Complete the sentences with been or gone.
1 We’ve _________ to the park with the dog – his feet are all dirty now. 2 Where’s your dad? Has he _________ to the petrol station? 3 Our neighbours have _________ on holiday. They’re coming back next Sunday. 4 Where have you _________ , boys? I was so worried about you!
Complete the dialogues.
Why don’t you take
should put
shouldn’t move
1 A Ouch! B Are you alright? A No, I’ve cut my finger. B You _____________ a bandage on it. 2 A Are you feeling alright? B No, I’ve got a headache. A Poor you. _____________ an aspirin, then you’ll feel better.
Say it!
9 Work in pairs. Substitute the words in blue in exercise 8 to create new mini-dialogues. 45
5
5
Titolo unità They’ve accepted me!
A
1
1.39 Read the emails A-E between Anna and Ute and put them in the correct order, 1-5. Then listen and check.
Let me know, Anna X
B Hi, Anna, I’m fine. I’m sorry I haven’t written for ages – I’ve been really busy. I’ve got a job in an internet café for the summer. It’s the first time I’ve had a real job and I’ve never worked so hard in my life! Don’t worry about the LAC, I’m sure they’re going to accept you. You’ve always wanted to be an actress and you’re really talented. I started my music class last week – I love it! Talk to you soon, Love, Ute
E Hi, Anna! Congratulations, you’ve done it! How are you going to celebrate? A big hug, Ute
2 Complete the sentences with the correct name, Anna or Ute. 1 ______ hasn’t replied to her friend’s emails. 2 ______ is waiting for a phone call from the LAC. 3 ______ is working in an internet café for the summer. 4 ______ has started a music course. 5 ______ is going to have a party. 6 ______ invites her friend to come to the party.
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Hi, Ute! We’re going to have a party, of course! I’ve phoned Antonio and the others and we’re going to organise a fancy dress party with a Hollywood theme next weekend. Have you ever been to a fancy dress party? Can you come over for it? Pleeeeease? Maybe you can get a cheap flight to London for the weekend?
C Hi, Ute! Good to hear from you at last! I had some great news yesterday! They’ve accepted me on the drama course at the LAC! I’m so excited! I can’t wait to start! Yippee! Lots of love, D Anna X Hi, Ute! How are things? I haven’t heard from you for ages – have you received my last three emails? Is everything okay? Have you star ted your music course? I’ve finished work in the B&B and now I’m waiting to hear about my plac e at the LAC. I’m a bit anxious about it – they hav en’t phoned me. I haven’t heard anything. Fing ers crossed! Write soon! Anna
FLASH FORWARD Look at these phrases for closing an informal email. Can you write the equivalent expressions in your language? 1 let me know 2 talk to you soon 3 write back soon 4 a big hug
a _______________ b _______________ c _______________ d _______________
5 GRAMMAR
FUNCTIONS
Present perfect vs Past simple
Talking about life experience
I’ve just phoned Antonio and the others. I’m sorry I haven’t written, I’ve been really busy.
Have you ever been to a fancy dress party? I’ve never worked so hard in my life! You’ve wanted to be an actress all your life.
I started my music class last week. I had some great news yesterday! Find more examples of the Past simple with finished past time expressions in the texts. Underline them. Then find examples of the Present perfect for unspecified times in the recent past. Circle them.
6
Which of these things have you done in your life? Read the questions and answer Yes or No then add information about the things you’ve done.
EXPERIENCE QUIZ Yes/ No
3
Read the questions then write answers for them. Use the words in brackets.
1 Have you ever been to a fancy dress party?
1 Have you met Laura’s new boyfriend? (yesterday) Yes, I met him yesterday. 2 Have you found your keys? (last night) 3 Have you read Susan’s email message? (yesterday) 4 Have you bought that new jacket? (on Saturday) 5 Have you had breakfast? (at 8 o’clock) 6 Have you invited Peter to the party? (last week) 7 Have you been to the doctor? (on Monday)
2 Have you ever had a job? 3 Have you ever had a really difficult test? 4 Have you ever had a party at your house? 5 Have you ever stayed up all night?
Vocabulary: Expressions with have
6 Have you ever received a Valentine’s card?
4
Look at the list of idiomatic expressions with the verb have. Can you add others? coffee, a pizza, ______________
a test, an exam, homework, a dance class, ____________
7 Have you ever had Hawaian pizza?
Say it! 7
have
a party, a barbecue, __________________
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If yes, when? where? why?
Tell the class about your answers to the quiz. I went to a fancy dress party in New Orleans during the Carnival. I wore a pirate costume...
a meal, breakfast, lunch, dinner, _______________
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__________________ __________________
Which expressions use the same verb in your language and which use a different verb? Make two lists.
Now make a bar chart of people’s answers. How many people have done/have never done each of the seven things on the list?
Write it!
9 Read the prompts below and write about experiences you haven’t had but want to have in the future.
- Something you’ve never done that you want to do. - Somewhere you’ve never been that you want to go. - Someone you’ve never met that you want to meet.
I’ve always wanted to visit Egypt. I really want to see the pyramids... 47
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Titolo unità
Vocabulary Workshop
Parts of the body
1
1.40 Listen and repeat the words, then label the picture. Add all the other words you know for parts of the body. stomach heart knee liver ankle wrist brain shoulder forehead chin lungs intestine kidney finger toe
1 ________
4 Add the verbs about health problems from this unit to the list in exercise 3 and write the parts of the body they affect. Write these verbs in the correct group. Add others you know. verbs + possessive adjective
verbs + a/an
2 ________
3 ________ 6 ________ 7 ________
4 ________
Idiomatic expressions with have
5 ________
5 Complete the sentences with expressions from the box. have a pizza have an exam have a coffee have lunch have a dance class
8 ________
9 ________ 10 ________ 11 ________
12 ________
1 Let’s go to a café and __________ . 2 We always __________ at 1 p.m. at my school. 3 The girls are studying in the dining room because they __________ tomorrow. 4 I don’t want to cook tonight, let’s __________ for dinner! 5 Sorry I can’t come to the cinema later – I __________ at the sports centre at seven o’clock.
Pronunciation:
13 ________
Contractions with the Present perfect 14 ________ 15 ________
6
2
Write the words from exercise 1 in the correct columns below. torso
head
organs
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
Health problems
3 Find these words in a dictionary and match them to the parts of the body they usually affect.
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When we use the Present perfect in informal English we use the contracted form of the auxiliary verb have (has – ’s, have – ’ve) and the pronunciation is very weak.
1 sprain 2 twist 3 burn 4 fracture
your _____________ your _____________ your _____________ your _____________
1.41 Listen and repeat the sentences.
- Have you finished your homework? - Yes, I’ve finished it./Yes, I finished it yesterday./ Yes, I have.
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1.42 Listen. Which sentence do you hear, a or b? Put a tick (3).
1 a I’ve been to Spain. b I have been to Spain. 2 a They’ve bought a new car. b They bought a new car. 3 a We passed the test. b We’ve passed the test. 4 a He’s cooked a chicken. b He cooked a chicken. 5 a She’s finished the book. b She finished the book. 6 a They washed the dishes. b They’ve washed the dishes.
Flash on Grammar Present perfect Affirmative
Present Perfect vs Past Simple Negative
I/You/We/They have I/You/We/They haven’t finished. finished. He/She/It has He/She/It hasn’t Interrogative
Short answers
Have I/you/we/they Yes, I/you/we/they have. finished? Yes, he/she/it has. Has he/she/it No, I/you/we/they haven’t. No, he/she/it hasn’t. We use the Present perfect to talk about an action that happened in the past, but that is closely connected to the present. I’ve done all my homework! Now I can go out. The baby hasn’t finished his food. His mum will be angry!
We use the Past simple for completed actions that began and ended in the past. They refer to a specific moment and are often accompanied by past time expressions like yesterday, last year, in 1984, etc. Yesterday I played the piano. I was in New York in 2005. We use the Present perfect for actions that began in the past and are still incomplete or that happened at an unspecified time in the recent past. This week I’ve played the piano twice. I’ve never been to New York. WB p. 37
3 Complete the text using the correct forms, Present perfect or Past simple, of the verbs given. be never enjoy insist never feel roll not ring take
When we ask for or give general information about past experiences, we use the adverbs ever (in questions) and never (in negative answers). Have you ever been to France? I’ve never seen a Star Wars film.
WB p. 36
1 Complete the sentences with the Present perfect form of the verbs given. 1 I _____________ (be) really busy all morning. 2 Karen _____________ (decide) to start her own magazine. 3 Her parents _____________ (not give) her a lot of encouragement. 4 Hamleys _____________ (sell) thousands of toys for Christmas this year. 5 They _____________ (write) a letter to the teacher saying they are sorry. 6 My dad _____________ (not buy) that new car. 7 I _____________ (forget) that girl’s name. Is it Susan? 8 Mandy _____________ (go) to America for the summer.
2 Read the questions and write short answers which are true for you. 1 Have you ever been to Africa? Yes, I have. 2 Have you ever eaten Indian food? 3 Has your best friend ever seen a Twilight film? 4 Has anyone in your family ever met a famous person? 5 Have you ever told a lie? 6 Have you ever danced the salsa? 7 Have you ever seen a ghost? 8 Have you ever played ‘Cluedo’?
4
Complete the interview using the correct forms (Present perfect or Past simple) of the verbs in brackets. A Good morning, Mr Howe. I see from your CV that you are from New Orleans. B Yes, I was born and (1) _____________ (go) to college there. A Do you live in New Orleans now? B No, I don’t. My family (2) _____________ (lose) everything in Hurricane Katrina in 2005. After that we (3) _____________ (decide) to move up north. A Why (4) _____________ (you, apply) for this position, Mr Howe? B I (5) _____________ (always, want) to work in advertising. A You’ve got all the qualifications for the job, Mr Howe. Welcome to JWT!
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Titolo unità ‘Pike’ Flash on Skills
Ted Hughes (1930-1998) was a British writer famous for his poetry about nature. He was married to the celebrated American poet Sylvia Plath and both writers had a great influence on modern English poetry. Hughes was particularly well-known for his graphic description of struggle and conflict in nature, such as in the poem ‘Pike’ in his second volume Lupercal. In 1985 he became the British poet laureate.
Before you read 1 Before you read, find these words in the poem and underline them, then look at the photograph and write the numbers next to the words. jaws gills pectorals fangs
Reading
1.43 Read and 2 listen to the first three stanzas of the poem. What do you think it is about? (3)
a b c
1
2
human relationships with this animal the nature of this animal WWF
4 3
3 Look at the words in exercise 1 again. Do they describe the appearance or the character of the animal? Write them in the correct column. Add any other words or expressions from the poem.
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Appearance
Character
______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________
Literature 4 Now read this prose version of the poem ‘Pike’ and fill in the gaps with these words. sharp
gold
horrible
old
green
Look, the pike is three inches long; it’s a perfect pike in all of its parts. It is green and (1) _________ . Pikes are killers from the day they are born; they’ve got an evil grin, like a nasty (2) _________ man. They dance on the surface of the water, with the flies. Or they move about at the bottom of the deep and dark (3) _________ water, looking proud of themselves. They are delicate and (4) _________ , too. They are giants of the river. Their jaws and fangs are (5) _________ like a hook or a clamp and they’ve been like this for centuries. They live to use these weapons, but their gills and pectorals move gently. 5 Choose the correct answer. 1 The writer describes the fish as... a scary and dangerous. b quiet and tranquil. c friendly and funny. 2 The pike is a predator... a when it becomes an adult. b when it is very old. c from the moment it is born. 3 It lives in... a the ocean. c deep river pools.
b fast rivers.
4 It prefers to hunt in places which are... a sunny and light. b cool and dark. c near towns. 5 In its world the pike is… a very small. b gigantic. c like other fish. 6 In the last stanza the instrument is probably… a the pike’s jaws. b the water. c the pike’s age.
Listening
1.44 Listen to part of a radio programme, 6 Fisherman’s World, where a biologist is talking about the pike. In his opinion, what are the characteristics of this animal? What can it do? Complete the table. Appearance Size
1.44 Listen again. Write down the 7 adjectives that Greg uses to describe the pike. Are they the same or different to the ones used by the poet?
Speaking
8 Work in pairs. Does the scientific description of the animal in the radio programme match the one in the poem? Talk about the differences and similarities. Which version gives the most information, in your opinion? A The poet says the pike has got big teeth (‘fangs’) and the biologist says it’s got big teeth too. B Yes, but the biologist also says the teeth are ‘sharp’.
STUDY SKILLS
Creating visual images In poetry language is used to paint a subjective image and give the writer’s impressions, rather than to express objective facts clearly. English words can change part of speech easily, for example nouns can be used as verbs. This helps the writer to use language to surprising effects and create striking images. Look at some other lines from later in this poem by Ted Hughes. jungled in weed: lost in thick plants, like a jungle logged on last year’s leaves: lying still on top of old vegetation, like a log
Writing
9 Find an expression in the poem of a noun used as a verb to create a striking image. What does it mean? Rewrite the expression in another way. 10 Choose an animal that interests you. Write some adjectives to describe its appearance and character. Use your adjectives and the questions below to write the first stanza of a short poem about it.
Where does it live? When does it move around – at night or during the day? Is it a predator? What does it eat? Is it fast or slow, big or small?
Age Abilities
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