El Sol Latino | November 2021 | 17.12

November 2021

Volume 17 No. 12

Un Periódico Diferente / A Different Kind of Newspaper

Un Periódico Diferente / A Different Kind of Newspaper

Luis Orlando Isaza

Un Periódico Diferente / A Different Kind of Newspaper

Un Periódico Diferente / A Different Kind of Newspaper

El poder de la Unidad y la Determinación

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Editorial / Editorial

This month El Sol Latino is celebrating its 18th Anniversary. As we continue to be a different kind of newspaper to our Latino community, in this edition we have decided to reprint one of our memorable guest editorials from the November 2014 edition that highlights our contribution to the community.

Diversity: The Contributions of El Sol Latino to Our Community Guest Editorial by SONIA NIETO | November 2014 Diversity is a word that’s been bandied about a lot lately. In fact, it’s become like “motherhood and apple pie”: everybody’s for it. Many people and organizations claim support for diversity, saying it is a cherished value, a goal, something they truly believe in. But what does diversity really mean?

On a basic level, diversity simply means difference, but nowadays the term is generally used to designate different cultures, races, languages, social classes, and so on. On a deeper level, diversity also is about access and equity, that is, it’s about who has access to the nation’s goods and services, and whether that access is equitable or, compared to others, if it’s fair.

It’s all very good to talk about diversity, but I’d like to suggest that, if not accompanied by action, diversity is just a word, meaningless and empty.

Since its inception ten years ago, El Sol Latino has been committed to diversity, to giving equal and equitable access to those who have been underserved and invisible, specifically to Latinos.

One look at most newspapers makes it obvious that the majority of stories about Latinos in the media feature only partial and negative aspects of our community: crime, poverty, and poor educational outcomes, among other such stories.

I am not suggesting that these stories shouldn’t be told; they are also part of our reality. And although they are problems that must be tackled – and many of us within the Latino community are tackling them in different ways – there are many other stories to be told about us as well.

Latinos are more than problems. We are a diverse community with as many talents and strengths as other communities. We have an urgent desire to make a positive difference in our communities.

We have vibrant cultural customs and traditions, and we want to share them with others. We believe in education as the way out of poverty and toward a better future. We are passionate about our families and we are determined to give our children the best possible chance for a good life, even in the face of obstacles that can seem insurmountable. But these stories rarely get told in the mainstream media.

Given who we are, what is the role of a newspaper committed to diversity? It is, first and foremost, to make certain that Latinos are represented in a full and multifaceted way. It is to portray our communities in their complexity and contradictions, neither focusing on the stereotypes about us, nor glorifying our culture and reality. A newspaper committed to diversity makes sure to be present in our workplaces, our community centers, our schools, our celebrations, and our homes. It tells our stories of striving for education, of poetry, of solidarity, of struggles and victories. This is what El Sol Latino has done, and continues to do. It is about affirming diversity in words and actions.

SONIA NIETO Professor Emerita Language, Literacy, and Culture College of Education University of Massachusetts, Amherst

contents

2 Editorial / Editorial Diversity: The Contributions of El Sol Latino to Our Community 3 Portada / Front Page Estreno del Documental Yo, el inmigrante 4 Episodios de El Sol Latino Podcast 413 - Septiembre 2021 Opinión / Opinion AT&T Funds Hate And Extremism

5 Portada / Front Page Pioneer Valley Riverfront Club Hires Bilingual Head Coach, Scott Branscomb 6 Educación / Education STCC Receives $7.35 million in Grants to Enhance STEM Education

HCC Receives $1M grant to Build New Engineering Program

7 Charles V. Ryan Played a Key Role in the Founding of STCC 8 Presenta Investigación sobre la Relación del Español y la Identidad de la Diáspora Boricua

Libros / Books Contrapunteos Diaspóricos: Cartografías políticas de Nuestra Afroamérica

Es cuestión de idiomas: Un análisis sociolingüístico del lenguaje y el nacionalismo en Guam, Filipinas y Puerto Rico

9 P ublican libro Mi María, una historia oral de sobrevivientes del huracán 10 Política / Politics Contrapunteos Diaspóricos: 11 Medios /Media Hispanic Underrepresentation In The Media 12 Deportes /Sports Championship Game 2021 - Cubs vs Piratas 21 14 Juego de Campeonato 2021 - Potros vs Legends

Founded in 2004

Latinx Journalism Matters Support Publishers of Color The impact of COVID-19 has been especially devastating for communities of color.

Now, more than ever, independent, local journalism needs your support.

El Sol Latino is your local Latinx-owned, independent news source that brings to the front lines diverse Latino voices, perspectives, news and stories.

SUPPORT EL SOL LATINO

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Volume 17, No. 12 n November 2021

Editor Manuel Frau Ramos manuelfrau@gmail.com 413-320-3826 Assistant Editor Ingrid Estrany-Frau

Art Director Tennessee Media Design Business Address El Sol Latino P.O Box 572 Amherst, MA 01004-0572

Editorial Policy

El Sol Latino acepta colaboraciones tanto en español como en inglés.

Nos comprometemos a examinarlas, pero no necesariamente a publicarlas. Nos reservamos el derecho de editar los textos y hacer correcciones por razones de espacio y/o estilo. Las colaboraciones pueden ser enviadas a nuestra dirección postal o a través de correo electrónico a: info@elsollatino.net.

El Sol Latino welcomes submissions in either English or Spanish.

We consider and review all submissions but reserve the right to not publish them. We reserve the right to edit texts and make corrections for reasons of space and/or style. Submissions may be sent to our postal address or via electronic mail to: info@elsollatino.net.

El Sol Latino is published monthly by Coquí Media Group.

El Sol Latino es publicado mensualmente por Coquí Media Group, P.O Box 572, Amherst, MA 01004-0572.

Portada / Front Page

El Sol Latino November 2021

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Estreno del Documental Yo, el inmigrante by MANUEL FRAU RAMOS El premiado documental “Yo, el inmigrante”, realizado en Colombia, hizo su debut en los Estados Unidos con dos presentaciones en el Pioneer Valley. La primera presentación se llevó a cabo de manera híbrida el 6 de octubre en el Holyoke City Hall Auditorium, auspiciado por la Biblioteca Pública de Holyoke. Al día siguiente, el documental se exhibió en la nueva sede del Hispanic-American Library en el Springfield Union Station.

Conmovedor y profundamente humano, “Yo, el inmigrante”, es una historia sobre la inmigración, el poder de la unidad y el coraje que se necesita para encontrar nuestra propia voz. La película ha provocado un diálogo sobre cuestiones relacionadas con la indiferencia, la falta de respeto, la exclusión, la dislocación, el miedo, la discriminación y el fracaso, pero también la reinvención y el éxito.

Mario A. Agudelo Montoya, productor y director del documental, y Luis Orlando Isaza Villegas, el protagonista del cortometraje, estuvieron presentes en ambos eventos como invitados especiales. Jaqueline Gutiérrez, asistente de dirección, no pudo estar presente en esta ocasión.

Tanto los asistentes presenciales como aquellos que participaron a través de las redes sociales tuvieron la oportunidad de conversar con Agudelo Montoya e Isaza Villegas.

Mario A. Agudelo Montoya es un productor y director independiente, profesor de montaje y narrativa documental en el Politécnico Colombiano Jaime Isaza Cadavid. Ha ganado varios premios durante su larga trayectoria artística, entre los que se destacan

“Yo, el inmigrante”, cortometraje reconocido con el premio Estímulos PPCultura 2017 por la Secretaría de Cultura de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia, cuenta la historia de un inmigrante, Luis Orlando Isaza, y su trayectoria desde su tierra natal a Estados Unidos.

• Asistente de arte: “RODRIGO D NO FUTURO”, Ganadora del Festival de Cine Latino en New York. Premio de la prensa especializada en el Festival de Cine de la Habana, 1988.

Orlando logró escapar de un destino marcado por la violencia, el crimen y la rebelión contra un sistema injusto de grandes desigualdades en Colombia.

Aunque el integrarse a una nueva cultura en los Estados Unidos le resultó difícil, eventualmente pudo encauzar su deseos de justicia y oportunidades para todos. En su nueva tierra, Orlando se convierte en un líder reconocido que aporta sus grandes valores a esta sociedad estadounidense.

• Asistente de fotografía del cortometraje: “LOS MÚSICOS”, ganadora del Festival Internacional de Cine en Cartagena, 1986 y Mejor fotografía en el Festival de Cine de Bogotá del mismo año.

• Director y guionista del documental “UNA TIERRA, UNA FAMILIA”, Premio “Concurso Nacional Nueva Familia” en 1997.

Durante la ultima década sido director, camarógrafo y guionista de documentales realizados en Italia e Israel, tal como “DOMUS GALILAEAE” sobre el primer encuentro inter-religioso entre judíos y cristianos, celebrado en Israel en el año 2005 y “LOS ÚLTIMOS DÍAS DE JUAN PABLO II” en 2007.

Agudelo Montoya figuró como productor, director, guionista, camarógrafo y editor de los documentales: “EL PUTAS DE AGUADAS”, Premio III Festival de Cine de Oriente 2010, y “YO, EL INMIGRANTE”, premio Estímulos PPCultura 2017.

Luis Orlando Isaza Villegas, vivió en Colombia hasta los 18 años. Una beca cambió su destino y llega a Estados Unidos a cursar estudios universitarios. Durante las siguientes cinco décadas, dedicó sus esfuerzos en Norteamérica a la academia, al arte y a la lucha a favor de los derechos de las minorías y de los más necesitados.

Cuando recientemente regresa a Colombia, intenta recoger los fragmentos de su vida y se enfrenta al dilema de re-instalarse en su tierra natal, un país extraño para él después de tantas ausencias, o quedarse en Estados Unidos y contribuir nuevamente a la lucha de justicia en su segunda patria.

De izquierda a derecha: Iohann Rashi Vega (Holyoke Medica), Luis Orlando Isaza, María Pagán (Directora de la Biblioteca Pública de Holyoke), Mario Agudelo / crédito: Holyoke Public Library

Orlando residió en Holyoke durante muchos años. Allí se destacó como líder comunitario y fue miembro fundador de varias organizaciones en la región, entre ellas, Holyoke Career Center, Latino Scholarship Association, The Care Center, Holyoke Health Center, Eric Carle Museum, and the UMass Boston - Gastón Institute for Latino Community Development and Public Policy.

En el 1992, Orlando formó parte de un grupo de residentes del Barrio 1 que demandó a la ciudad de Holyoke en la corte federal sobre la forma discriminatoria en que se elegían los miembros del Comité Escolar y el Concejo de la Ciudad (City Council). El argumento de los demandantes era que el actual sistema at-large violaba el Federal Voting Rights Act al disminuir la representación minoritaria en el gobierno. Originalmente la Corte de Distrito de los Estados Unidos favoreció a los demandantes pero en subsiguiente apelación a Corte favoreció a la ciudad.

Pueden escuchar la entrevista realizada por Iohann Rashi Vega, Director de Media Engagement de Holyoke Public Media a Mario Agudelo Montoya y Luis Orlando Isaza Villegas previo a la presentación de documental en Holyoke, www.youtube.com/watch?v=z2rY4fC3_xw

De izquierda a derecha: Miguel Arce (profesor de Springfield College), Luis Orlando Isaza, Mario Agudelo, Juan Falcón (fundador y director ejecutivo del Hispanic American Library) / crédito: Hispanic American Library

El evento en el Holyoke City Hall Auditorium el día 6 de octubre auspiciado por la Biblioteca Pública de Pública de Holyoke está disponible en www. facebook.com/HolyokeMedia/videos/921375141814012

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Portada / Front Page

El Sol Latino November 2021

Episodios de El Sol Latino Podcast 413 - Septiembre 2021 Esta es la lista de los episodios producidos grabados durante los meses de septiembre 2021.

Todos los episodios del Podcast 413 están accesibles en la página web de Holyoke Media (holyokemedia.org/programming/public-programming-archive) al igual que en su página de Facebook y en su canal de YouTube. También se pueden ver en la página de Facebook de El Sol Latino.

Episodio #65 – Septiembre 15, 2021 Tema: Política y Justicia Social Invitada: Libby Hernández, Concejal de la ciudad de Holyoke libbyward4@ goggle.com Libby Hernández es una reconocida activista dentro de los movimientos a favor de justicia social y Concejal del Barrio 4 en la ciudad de Holyoke. Libby será parte del Concejo hasta enero del 2022 ya que ha decidido no buscar la reelección para un tercer término en las elecciones de Noviembre 2021.

Entre las iniciativas que Hernández actualmente está promoviendo, se encuentran: (1) Iniciativa para reemplazar la celebración del Día de Cristóbal Colón, que se celebra durante el mes de octubre, por el Día de los Pueblos Indígenas. Esta iniciativa originalmente fue propuesta por el entonces concejal del Barrio 2 de Holyoke, Nelson Román.

(2) Participación en la campaña, tanto a nivel regional como nacional, a favor del proyecto de ley presentado por la Congresista del estado de Nueva York, NydiaVelázquez en el 2020.

Esta pieza legislativa busca que el Congreso de los Estados Unidos reconozca el derecho a la autodeterminación de los residentes de Puerto Rico.

Opinión / Opinion

Juan Falcón y Jimmy Camacho

Episodio #66 – Septiembre 22, 2021 Tema: Hispanic-American Library Invitados: Juan Falcón y Jimmy Camacho www.hispanic-americanlibrary.org / 413-858-5146 Juan Falcón es el Fundador y Director Executivo del Hispanic-American Library Inc., y Jimmy Camacho es Director de Programación de Actividades de esta biblioteca especializada en temas Hispanos. En junio de 2021, el Hispanic-American Library Inc. abrió las puertas de su nueva sede en Springfield Union Station, localizado en 55 Frank B. Murray Street, Springfield, MA. Por más de tres décadas, el Hispanic-American Library Inc., (H-AL) ofreció sus servicios y programas educativos desde espacios pertenecientes a otras organizaciones comunitarias en la ciudad de Springfield. H-AL fue establecida originalmente en el edificio perteneciente a el Centro Cultural Puertorriqueño (PRCC) en School Street. Hasta junio de este año (2021) había estado operando en las instalaciones del New North Citizens’ Council, Inc., (NNCC), organización de servicios comunitarios ubicada en Main Street, Springfield.

Orlando Isaza

Episodio #67 – Septiembre 29, 2021 Tema: Importancia de la Política y la Comunidad Latina Invitado: Orlando Isaza Orlando Isaza ha dedicado más de 40 años a abogar por la salud, la educación y los derechos civiles de la comunidad latina en el área de Boston y luego en Holyoke. Comenzó como organizador comunitario en Colombia, su país natal, antes de mudarse a los Estados Unidos.

Isaza se ha desempeñado en muchos roles de liderazgo. Fué uno de los fundadores de varias reconocidas e importantes organizaciones en la región. Entre estas, el Care Center, Holyoke Career Center, el Pre-Natal Care Center, el Holyoke Midwifery Program, Holyoke Health Center, el Latino Scholarship Association, Western Massachusetts Community Foundation, el Eric Carle Museum, y el Gastón Institute for Latino Community Development and Public Policy en UMass –Boston.

Durante el mes de Octubre 2021, se estrenó localmente el documental “Yo, el inmigrante” que documenta la trayectoria de Isaza de Colombia a Estados Unidos.

AT&T Funds Hate And Extremism

income came from the fee revenues provided by AT&T alone. It’s now evident that the only reason OAN exists or has any financial value is because of AT&T.

A Statement from Brenda Victoria Castillo, President & CEO of the National Hispanic Media Coalition (NHMC) – October 20, 2021

OAN is a propaganda machine for extremism, disinformation, and hate. NHMC urges AT&T to cease its funding of hateful networks, such as and including OAN, and live up to its public stance of integrity, truth, and inclusion. For AT&T to correct itself and bring about change, they must step up and lead the way to stop hate instead of promoting it.

Disinformation and hate only thrive when those with power and influence breathe life into it. The Reuters Special Report (Report) detailing how AT&T’s funding of One America News (OAN) provided 90 percent of the OAN’s income is disturbing, to say the least. While claiming that “Hispanic and Latino Communities are a vital part” of the AT&T community, we now know it was merely a facade hiding a darker truth.

According to court records, AT&T approached OAN Founder and CEO Robert Herring Sr. to start a conservative network in 2013. This allowed for OAN to be broadcast on both AT&T’s U-Verse and DirectTV. OAN continues to propagate COVID-19 and election disinformation while also promoting hate targeting the Latinx and immigrant communities. OAN’s toxic influence has survived and flourished as a direct result of the support by AT&T. As the world’s largest communications company, AT&T leveraged its power to make OAN’s deal heavily reliant on “fees from cable, satellite, and streaming providers, instead of commercials.” This insulates OAN from accountability through advertiser boycotts and organized protests since their primary source of

Yours in the Movement, Brenda Victoria Castillo President & CEO National Hispanic Media Coalition The National Hispanic Media Coalition (NHMC) is a 35 year old nonprofit 501(c)(3) civil rights organization that was founded to eliminate hate, discrimination, and racism towards the Latino community.

We educate and increase visibility of Latinx from our policy work in Washington D.C. to our media advocacy work in Hollywood where we collaborate, create, and connect Latinx talent with the entertainment industry. At NHMC we focus on all forms of media because it is one of the most influential and powerful institutions that exist. The media can have important effects on the attitudes, values, and beliefs of society.

Portada / Front Page

El Sol Latino November 2021

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Pioneer Valley Riverfront Club Hires Bilingual Head Coach, Scott Branscomb SPRINGFIELD, MA | PIONEER VALLEY RIVERFRONT CLUB | October 6, 2021 - In a move to support growth, outreach, and overall program quality, the Pioneer Valley Riverfront Club (PVRC) has hired Scott Branscomb as Head Coach. Starting full-time in November, Coach Branscomb, who speaks Spanish and English, will work with PVRC Executive Director Ben Quick and organization leadership to continue PVRC’s post-pandemic recovery.

nonprofit world where he feels at home. “There are programs that want to win and those that want to increase accessibility. I envision PVRC as an organization that can achieve both,” Branscomb said.

Branscomb rowed competitively for the University of Massachusetts, where he graduated with dual degrees in Spanish and Comparative Literature before earning a Master’s Degree in Teaching from the University of New Hampshire.

In his fourteen years of rowing experience, Coach Branscomb has served community and club programs in a variety of roles. He worked the last four years in Connecticut as Director Scott Branscomb and Head Coach of Middle School and Development Programs for Greenwich Crew. Among his achievements there, Coach Branscomb operated an outreach program for students from disadvantaged backgrounds in Greenwich Public Schools.

Scott, his wife Anna Yamamoto, and dog Junior, are relocating to Massachusetts from Connecticut. Yamamoto has been hired as an Assistant Coach for Holy Cross Women’s Rowing in Worcester, MA.

“My rowing and coaching experience has reinforced the importance of building a team from which people can derive personal friendships, joy, and meaning,” says Branscomb. ”I try to frame my actions and decisions through the lens of, ‘What will make the community better?’”

At the Pioneer Valley Riverfront Club, Coach Branscomb returns to the waters of the Connecticut River where he first rowed and to his roots in the

Publish your bilingual ad in El Sol Latino!

Call us today at (413) 320-3826.

“Scott is a great fit for our rowers, our mission, and our community on many levels, and we are excited to work with him to bring PVRC back to its prepandemic condition,” shares PVRC Executive Director Ben Quick.

PVRC welcomes adults of all ages and youth rowers in Middle School and above to learn, participate, and grow with healthy exercise connected to the sports of rowing and dragon boating. Year-round programs occur at the historic Rockrimmon Boathouse in Springfield’s North End. More information can be found at www.pvriverfront.org. / info@pvriverfront.org / or 413-736-1322 Pioneer Valley Riverfront Club is a 501(c)3 nonprofit which operates a recreational facility in the North End of Springfield with the mission to promote river-based sporting activities, to develop river access, and encourage recreation in the Greater Springfield metropolitan area. PVRC will serve as point of access to the river for human-powered craft, located within easy walking and bike-riding distance of downtown Springfield.

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Más Información y matrícula: stcc.edu/winter 10/18/21 El Sol Latino 1/4 page: 4.75” x 5.75” Runs: Nov, Dec 2021 Manuel Frau Ramos: manuelfrau@gmail.com Due: 5 days prior to the run month

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Educación / Education

El Sol Latino November 2021

STCC Receives $7.35 million in Grants to Enhance STEM Education SPRINGFIELD, MA | SPRINGFIELD TECHNICAL COMMUNITY COLLEGE | October 6, 2021 – Springfield Technical Community College (STCC) has been awarded two grants worth more than $7 million from the U.S. Department of Education to boost student success among Latinx and low-income students in STEM fields, U.S. Rep. Richard Neal announced on Wednesday during a visit to STCC.

· Creation of STEM-focused First Year Experience Courses;

“I am thrilled to celebrate the success of Springfield Technical Community College’s grant applications to the U.S. Department of Education,” Neal said.

“These two awards totaling more than $7 million over a five-year period will help support the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) programs at the college and welcome more students into the ever-growing field. This area of study is important across the country but is especially vital here in Massachusetts where we have some of the highest concentration of research and development in the world. Graduates of STCC will be ready to meet the challenge.”

In recent years, STCC created a STEM Center that offers opportunities for tutoring and group study for all students. The college also provides mentoring and coaching. The new federal grant also will allow STCC to enhance professional development for faculty.

The first grant, titled “Project Acceleration: Re-Engineering Pathways to Student Success in STEM,” will run for five years for a total of $3 million. It will allow STCC to create a STEM studies program and develop support services to increase access to STEM careers.

From left, Dr. John B. Cook, STCC president; state Rep. Orlando Ramos; State Rep. Bud L. Williams; U.S. Rep. Richard E. Neal; and Dr. Shai Butler, STCC’s Vice President of Advancement and External Affairs.

The grant is designed to increase enrollment and improve the graduation rates of Latinx and low-income students in STEM majors and help them continue with their studies instead of withdrawing from school. In addition, the grant will allow STCC to help reduce the time it takes male students of color, particularly Latinx, to complete studies. The grant falls under the federal Title V program, which was created to improve higher education of Hispanic students.

The second grant announced by Neal is titled “STEM Access and Retention Strategies.” The five-year grant, totaling $4,352,559, will allow STCC to create and enhance support services for Latinx and low-income students. Services and programs supported by the grant include:

· Utilization of proactive STEM advisors, which would involves bringing services to students rather than waiting for them to ask; and · Implementation of additional mental health services.

“We are thrilled to receive this funding from the U.S. Department of Education and extremely grateful for support from Congressman Neal,” Cook said. “I want to thank our local delegation for visiting STCC and for their support through the years. These grants will directly address challenges we face at the college. One of our top priorities is to close achievement gaps among students who have faced barriers, which includes many of our Latinx and low-income students.

These grants will help support our students and give them a better chance at staying in college and earning their degree.”

STCC, the only technical community college in Massachusetts, is federally designated as a Hispanic Serving Institution, with 30 percent of the students identifying as Hispanic. The City of Springfield suffers high unemployment and poverty. Fifty-six percent of STCC students receive federal Pell grants, which are awarded to students who display exceptional financial need. Hispanic and low-income students enter college with greater developmental math needs and lower retention and graduation rates than non-Hispanic and higher-income students. Only 11.4 percent of Hispanic and 14 percent of low-income students major in STEM. As part of the grant focusing on access and retention strategies, STCC will partner with UMass Amherst and Central Connecticut State University to expand transfer opportunities for students.

Lara Sharp, dean of the School of STEM, said, “These grants will directly impact the Springfield community around STCC by providing better access to support services for our students so they can succeed in science, technology, engineering, and math.”

After the announcement, Neal toured the state-of-the-art laboratories and classrooms in the Smith & Wesson STCC Advanced Manufacturing Building in Springfield Technology Park. The facility includes computer numerical control machines (CNC) and other tools and machines used in precision manufacturing.

Interested in applying to STCC? Visit stcc.edu/apply or call Admissions at (413) 755-3333.

HCC Receives $1M grant to Build New Engineering Program HOLYOKE, MA | HOLYOKE COMMUNITY COLLEGE | September 27, 2021 –– Holyoke Community College (HCC) has been awarded nearly $1 million from the National Science Foundation to create a new engineering pathways program to help boost the numbers of Latinx and women engineers working in the field.

The grant – $956,458 over four years – will allow HCC to design an accelerated, one-year engineering certificate program that will culminate in paid internships with high-tech research organizations such as the renowned Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York.

The money comes from the NSF’s program for Hispanic Serving Institutions and is intended to improve undergraduate education in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math). HCC has been a federally designated Hispanic Serving Institution, or HSI, since 2016. Colleges and universities are recognized as HSIs when their Hispanic/Latinx enrollment exceeds 25 percent.

HCC’s partners in the grant include Holyoke High School, Westfield High School, Western New England University, the University of Massachusetts Amherst, the Northampton-based Collaborative for Educational Services, a national association called the 50K Coalition, and the Society for Women Engineers.

HCC st Students work together on a lab project in their physics class.

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Educación / Education

El Sol Latino November 2021

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Charles V. Ryan Played a Key Role in the Founding of STCC SPRINGFIELD, MA | SPRINGFIELD TECHNICAL COMMUNITY COLLEGE | Octomber 19, 2021 – When he was mayor of the city in the 1960s, Charles V. Ryan supported Edmond Garvey’s vision to transform the soon-to-be closed Springfield Armory into a community college serving the region.

The Armory had been used to manufacture military firearms since the birth of the United States nearly 200 years earlier.

“From the beginning, we felt that Armory Square was really kind of special – resembling a New England college campus, overlooking the Connecticut River Valley,” said Ryan as the 50th anniversary of the college was approaching, in remarks archived on the Springfield Technical Community College website.

Ryan, who died Monday at the age of 94, was one of four key players in the founding of STCC in 1967. The founders realized the ideal use of the Armory facility would be as a college. Others included Garvey (also the first president of the college), Joseph J. Deliso Sr., an industrialist, and Anthony M. Scibelli, a state representative and chairman of the powerful Ways and Means Committee.

As mayor in 1964, Ryan convened a blue ribbon to determine the best use for the site in the center of Springfield. Then principal of Trade School (now Roger L. Putnam Vocational Technical Academy), Garvey had established the Springfield Trade Institute, a two-year post-high school program. His dream was to create a technical school that would be affordable for all. The popular Trade Institute could not accommodate the demand. Setting up a technical community college at the Armory site seemed like the perfect solution.

during Ryan’s first tenure as mayor of Springfield. He served 1962-1967 and then 2004-2008.

“From then on, it was kind of easy,” Ryan said, recalling his work with Scibelli in the 1960s. “When you have the CEO of the commonwealth and the Chair of Ways and Means working together, it’s pretty much a certainty, so it passed out of city hands and into state hands.”

Ryan and the other founders’ efforts in the 1960s helped to advance the college’s mission to support students as they transform their lives.

Charles V. Ryan

“The benefits to the Greater Springfield community from STCC have been incalculable,” Ryan said. “It’s created jobs and businesses.”

Ryan witnessed the evolution of STCC over a half century and was impressed with how the institution continued to adapt to more complex technology and changing demands of the industry.

“I was looking at technology in the mid-1960s, but growth in the last 50 years has been just stunning, and will continue to be,” Ryan said.

The only technical community college in the Commonwealth, STCC offers highly regarded programs in manufacturing, healthcare, business, science, technology, engineering and math (STEM), social services and liberal arts.

The effort gained momentum as Deliso suggested to then Governor John A. Volpe that the Armory site should become a college. Deliso and Volpe shared a belief in the importance of education.

Students can earn an affordable certificate or two-year degree and be prepared to start rewarding careers or transfer to four-year colleges or universities to continue their education.

Meantime, Ryan worked with state lawmakers to advance the proposal to create STCC.

Dr. John Cook, the sixth STCC president, expressed his condolences to Ryan’s family and appreciation for his work many years ago to make the community college a reality.

“It was one of the most striking pieces of real estate in the city and beyond,” he said of the campus location.

“There was an opportunity here, if we could get the state behind us, because it was regional, not just a city resource,” Ryan said.

Ryan worked with state Rep. Scibelli to seek the transformation of the Armory into a technical community college for the Greater Springfield area.

With support from key state officials, including the governor, the idea of STCC was destined to become a reality. The college was founded in 1967,

“Charlie Ryan – one of our founders and true public servant – will be missed. Our thoughts go out to his family and friends,” Cook said. “On behalf of the students, faculty and staff at STCC, I want to thank Mayor Ryan for having the talent, skill and tenacity to turn an idea into a reality. In our 54 years as a college, the legacy of Charlie Ryan lives on.”

To watch a video interview with Ryan and relatives of the founders, visit stcc. edu/about-stcc/history.

HCC Receives $1M grant to Build New Engineering Program continued from previous page The main goals of HCC’s new Western Massachusetts Engineering Pathways Program are to increase participation in engineering by members of groups historically underrepresented in the field, to revitalize HCC’s engineering programs to be more responsive to a diverse student body, and to ensure the program meets the needs of regional employers.

As a further incentive, each student in their final program course will receive a $1,000 stipend.

“The grant gives us the funding to create a new curriculum,” said Adrienne Smith, HCC’s dean of STEM and one of the grant managers.

The grant also calls for a review of HCC’s associate degree program in engineering in consultation with HCC’s partners to increase employer engagement and improve transfer pathways to four-year institutions.

Through the grant, HCC will hire an Engineering Pathways coordinator to recruit high school students for the program. “The coordinator will also be an ongoing resource for the students,” said Smith. “We don’t want to just get students into the program; we want them to get through it and succeed.”

After students complete their coursework they will be placed in paid internships.

“The internship is built into the curriculum,” said Smith. “We already have some things set up with Brookhaven Labs. They want our students. They’re going to pay for their housing and a healthy salary. We’re working to find other companies to do exactly the same thing.”

“At the end, after receiving their certificates, students can either go directly into the workforce or they can continue on at HCC for another year to complete their associate degree in engineering,” Smith said.

In addition, the grant will facilitate the creation of a chapter of the Society of Women Engineers at HCC. Also in conjunction with the grant, HCC has joined the 50K Coalition, a national consortium of professional engineering societies whose goal is graduate 50,000 women engineers and engineers of color by 2025.

“Our engineering graduates typically go on to Western New England and the UMass Amherst and other institutions with highly regarded engineering programs, so we are helping to build that base,” Smith said.

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Educación / Education

El Sol Latino November 2021

Presenta Investigación sobre la Relación del Español y la Identidad de la Diáspora Boricua BAYAMÓN, PUERTO RICO | Universidad DE PUERTO RICO | Octubre 5, 2021— La Universidad de Puerto Rico en Bayamón (UPRB) anunció hoy que la doctora Brenda L. Domínguez Rosado del Departamento de Inglés de la institución se destacó como invitada especial durante la celebración del mes de la herencia hispana en Case Western Reserve University. Su conferencia se llevó a cabo en el Excelsior Ballroom en el CWRU Thwing Center en Cleveland, Ohio el 17 de septiembre de 2021.

Como parte de su ponencia, titulada “The Unlinking of Language and Identity in Puerto Rico: Reflection of the Power of the Diaspora?”, la profesora expuso los últimos avances sobre sus investigaciones sociolingüísticas. Estos estudios analizan la relación de las personas con aquellos idiomas que les han sido impuestas por razones sociales, culturales o políticas; y cómo estas relaciones impactan su identidad.

“El idioma y la identidad tienen un vínculo innegable. Mi investigación analiza qué sucede cuando se impone un segundo idioma a una población y profundiza en el vínculo entre las personas y los idiomas. Tomo como punto de partida el caso de Puerto Rico y la relación de los puertorriqueños con el inglés, pero estos resultados se podrían extrapolar a casos parecidos que se han manifestado en otros países y territorios a nivel global”, dijo la experta.

Los resultados de métodos mixtos proporcionados por la investigación de la Dra. Brenda Domínguez-Rosado son innovadores porque documentan cómo las actitudes históricas y tradicionales están cambiando hacia el inglés americano y el español puertorriqueño en una isla que ha sido colonizada por España y posteriormente por los Estados Unidos de América.

Libros / Books Contrapunteos Diaspóricos:

Cartografías políticas de Nuestra Afroamérica por AGUSTÍN LAÓ MONTES • Bogotá, Colombia: Universidad Externado de Colombia | Abril 2020 | 660 pages Contrapunteos Diaspóricos integra un conjunto de estudios y ensayos cuyo hilo conductor es el entrelace entre poder, cultura y política en Nuestra Afroamérica. A través de una serie de análisis contrapuntales vamos componiendo una cartografía de la política y lo político en el universo histórico de las diásporas afrolatinoamericanas.

Nuestra Afroamérica se enmarca en el mundo afro, que en su triple localización histórica (como modernidad alterna, “contracultura de la modernidad” y alternativa a la modernidad) ha sido y ha de ser un pilar en las gestas principales para transcender “la prehistoria de la humanidad” y para realizar, armados de esperanza, una suerte de utopía práctica inspirada en la convicción de que “un mundo mejor es posible”.

El maridaje contrapuntal de investigación y escritura sigue el ejemplo de una larga tradición en la producción intelectual afrodiaspórica, caribeña y latinoamericana que combina creativamente historiografía y narrativa, investigación sociológica y alegoría literaria, teoría política y pensamiento vernáculo, auto etnografía y análisis hístórico-, en aras de producir un saber científico no-positivista, trans/posdisciplinar, que cultive su imaginación poética, su carácter crítico radical y su compromiso con la descolonialidad y la liberación.

Tocando ese tambor lírico y analítico, el libro se divide en cinco partes que se abren con citas del corpus literario afroamericano, junto a fragmentos de ensayo, música popular y referencias a religiones afrodiaspóricas, sobre todo la Yoruba y las divinidades de su panteón: lasjlos Orishas. Los textos literarios (poéticos, narrativos, ensayísticos), musicales, teológicos, teóricos, que introducen las cinco partes y algunos de los capítulos, testimonian el contrapunteo sincopado entre las formas del discurso y el contenido y presentan un análisis en el que lo político no se reduce a los modos de

“Actualmente hay aproximadamente 3.3 millones de personas viviendo en Puerto Rico. Mientras que la diáspora puertorriqueña ya ha superado los cinco millones de habitantes, en los Estados Unidos. Debido a esto, muchas generaciones de la diáspora ya no hablan español, pero pueden considerarse puertorriqueños. Las posturas tradicionales contra las personas que no viven en la Isla o que no hablan el vernáculo pero que desean identificarse como puertorriqueños, han llevado históricamente a prejuicios y relaciones tensas entre personas de ascendencia puertorriqueña. Los estudios de muestra proporcionados en esta presentación exponen que no solo hay un cambio de actitud hacia el vínculo tradicional entre el español y la identidad puertorriqueña sino que se percibe mayor inclusión de puertorriqueños en la diáspora y también a una mayor aceptación del idioma inglés en este contexto”, explicó la doctora Domínguez Rosado.

Este tipo de estudio podría adaptarse a otras comunidades hispanas no puertorriqueñas en los Estados Unidos e incluso a personas que no son hispanas o latinas, pero que viven lejos de sus países de origen.

“Felicitamos a la Dra. Domínguez Rosado por su participación en esta importante actividad resaltando de alguna manera el rol importante que tiene la comunidad puertorriqueña en el contexto de lo que es la herencia hispana en los Estados Unidos. Nos enorgullece haya sido reconocida con el privilegio de ofrecer esta conferencia y mucho más el hecho de representar a la UPR Bayamón en actividades de tanto prestigio”, resaltó el Dr. Miguel Vélez Rubio, rector de la UPRB. organización y participación en las esferas formales de la ciudadanía, el Estado y los partidos, sino que se extiende a todas las contiendas de poder.

AGUSTÍN LAÓ MONTES nació en Ponce, Puerto Rico. Realizó estudios de Bachillerato en Artes en la Universidad Católica en Puerto Rico. Tiene maestría y doctorado en Sociología en la Universidad de New York-Binghamton entre 1997 y es profesor de sociología en la Universidad de Massachusetts en Amherst. Su interés académico incluye la teoría social, la sociología histórica, los estudios culturales, los movimientos sociales, la diáspora africana, los estudios caribeños, los estudios sobre racialidad y ética, y la colonialidad del poder.

Es cuestión de idiomas:

Un análisis sociolingüístico del lenguaje y el nacionalismo en Guam, Filipinas y Puerto Rico por SHARON CLAMPITT-DUNLAP, Ed. D.• (Mariana Editores, 2021, 159 páginas) Este libro, una traducción de la versión original en in¬glés: Language matters: A sociolinguistic analysis of language and na¬tionalism in Guam, the Philippines and Puerto Rico (Clampitt, 2018) presenta un análisis de los factores sociolingüísticos que influyen en la conservación de idiomas nativos y la diseminación del idioma inglés en Guam, Filipinas y Puerto Rico.

El idioma inglés llegó a la gente de Guam, Filipinas y Puer¬to Rico de manera muy similar: mediante la conquista. Se impuso el inglés como lenguaje de instrucción en las escuelas públicas, la mayoría desarrolladas por militares estadounidenses. En los tres lugares, por cerca de 50 años, el inglés fue el lenguaje de ins¬trucción en todos o casi todos los niveles escolares. También en los tres sitios, de una forma u otra los idiomas nativos terminaron incorporándose al sistema escolar.

El inglés continúa como len¬guaje de instrucción en Guam y Filipinas, tanto en las escuelas como en las universidades. Sin embargo, en Puerto Rico, el espa¬ñol prevalece y el inglés se enseña como segundo idioma, aunque es dominado por pocas personas. La autora analiza los resultados lingüísticos notablemente diferentes en Guam y Filipinas comparado a los de Puerto Rico y postula que el nacionalismo junto a otros factores sociolingüísticos proveen una explicación para lo ocurrido en estos tres territorios.

Libros / Books

El Sol Latino November 2021

9

Publican libro Mi María, una historia oral de sobrevivientes del huracán por ÍDEM OSORIO DE JESÚS -- Prensa RUM • (idem.osorio@upr.edu)

MAYAGÜEZ, PR | UPR - RECINTO UNIVERSIRARIO DE MAYAGÜEZ | 8 de octubre de 2021- Justo cuatro años después del paso del feroz fenómeno que cambió la historia moderna puertorriqueña, se publicó el libro Mi María: Surviving the Storm, una colección de relatos de sobrevivientes, cuyo origen está muy arraigado al Recinto Universitario de Mayagüez (RUM). Y es que una de sus editoras, la doctora Ricia Anne Chansky, catedrática del Departamento de Inglés, comenzó esta gesta como un proyecto de su curso junto a sus estudiantes, quienes se lanzaron al ejercicio de documentar los impresionantes y desgarradores testimonios.

Ahora, una colaboración entre la entidad Voice of Witness y la editorial de libros independiente Haymarket Books permitió el lanzamiento de esta obra editada por Chansky y Marci Denesiuk, donde se recogen diecisiete narraciones escritas en primera persona de perseverancia y respuesta comunitaria, ante la devastación natural y la ineficiencia de la acción gubernamental, según indicaron.

“El libro Mi María es una labor de amor que se inició en las aulas de la Universidad de Puerto Rico en Mayagüez, donde más de 100 estudiantes se capacitaron en la recopilación ética, transcripción, traducción, edición y difusión de historias orales. Desde el campus, estudiantes y profesores recorrieron el archipiélago para escuchar a las personas que no solo sobrevivieron al huracán María, sino que se levantaron como héroes y ayudaron a sus comunidades, especialmente en momentos en los que no se veía ninguna otra ayuda. Este libro conmemora eso, al Ricia Anne Chansky (Credit: Universidad tiempo que llama la atención sobre de Puerto Rico- Mayagüez) algunas de las lecciones más importantes que aprendimos después”, aseveró la doctora Chansky.

La publicación del texto, que se lanzó oficialmente el pasado 16 de septiembre, coincidió con el cuarto aniversario del ciclón que azotó a Puerto Rico por más de treinta horas y causó una catástrofe en la que miles de puertorriqueños murieron, perdieron su hogar, y sufrieron la pérdida de los servicios básicos de agua, electricidad, atención médica y alimentos.

Todavía su secuela se manifiesta y está latente en la población.

Según se detalló en el comunicado de prensa que da a conocer el texto, los narradores incluyen a voces como la de Zaira Arvelo Alicea, sobreviviente del huracán tras flotar dieciséis horas en un mattress inflable remendado; Neysha Irizarry Ortiz, quien dio a luz de manera prematura en una clínica sin electricidad o agua potable; Lorel Cubano Santiago, quien alimentó a cientos de personas sin recibir ayuda de las embarcaciones con suministros ancladas a minutos de su vecindario en San Juan; y Carlos Bonilla Rodríguez, un caficultor cuya cosecha y hogar se perdieron por segunda vez en su vida, entre otros.

“El título del libro, Mi María, resalta la necesidad de arrebatarle la discusión pública al gobierno o a los medios de telecomunicación y ponerla en las manos de aquellos que experimentaron el desastre, acentuando la centralidad de quién cuenta la historia. A pesar de las fallas generalizadas a nivel gubernamental, estos testimonios nos muestran comunidades que reiteradamente se levantaron para cuidarse entre sí”, expresaron las

editoras, al tiempo que agregaron que se abordan los temas de la situación colonial puertorriqueña y la vulnerabilidad de la geografía ante el cambio climático.

Precisamente, la doctora Chansky agradeció a sus alumnos por su labor y a los protagonistas, por darles la bienvenida en sus hogares para compartir sus vivencias.

“Ha sido un verdadero privilegio trabajar con más de 100 estudiantes desde el inicio, así como con colegas de la facultad, de la Universidad y colaboradores de la comunidad para completar este proyecto”, subrayó.

Entre las voces importantes que han elogiado la obra, se encuentran las de las doctoras Yarimar Bonilla, antropóloga y profesora de Hunter College, y Sara Awartani, docente y portavoz del Comité de Etnia, Migración y Derechos en Harvard University.

“Mediante narrativas en primera persona y perfiles biográficos, Mi María ofrece un caleidoscopio de experiencias personales que llevan al lector a profundizar más allá de los titulares sobre el huracán María. El libro es un archivo de experiencias, retos e historias invaluables y ausentes en la cobertura mediática sobre Puerto Rico, que promete ser de interés a actuales y futuras generaciones de lectores interesados en la experiencia viva de uno de los desastres políticos y ambientales más grandes en la historia de los Estados Unidos. La oportunidad de oír directamente de la boca de aquellos que fueron ignorados por los medios nacionales es conmovedor, desconcertante y revelador”, manifestó Bonilla, quien es coeditora de la publicación Aftershocks of Disaster: Puerto Rico Before and After the Storm.

Mientras Awartani, cuyos intereses académicos abarcan los campos de estudios latinx y la historia de Puerto Rico, así como las comparativas de movimientos sociales en el mundo, describió el libro como un foro que resalta el espíritu de lucha del pueblo boricua.

“Ferviente y urgente: desgarrador y profundamente indignante. Mi María es un espacio para procesar los traumas múltiples y persistentes del huracán María, la furia y devastación del fenómeno y también los traumas continuados del fracaso gubernamental, la negligencia colonial y la corrupción capitalista en la cual los puertorriqueños se ven forzados a ingeniar soluciones mientras reconstruyen sus comunidades en el periodo posterior al huracán. Estas no son sólo historias de resiliencia, sino de resistencia, solidaridad y el espíritu de ayuda mutua, de atreverse a reinventar nuestro mundo en momentos donde se debate la propia supervivencia”, declaró Awartani.

Por su parte, la doctora Chansky explicó que Mi María es la más reciente publicación en la serie de libros sobre derechos humanos de Voice of Witness, entidad sin fines de lucro que también crea lecciones didácticas, disponibles a modo de descarga, para que los educadores puedan integrar estas narrativas de impacto en el salón de clases. Agregó que esperan que este currículo gratuito, en español e inglés, pueda beneficiar a las escuelas de Puerto Rico. Más detalles del libro y la manera de ordenarlo, en el siguiente enlace: bit.ly/mi-maria

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Política / Politics

El Sol Latino November 2021

Century-old racist US Supreme Court cases still rule over millions of Americans

by ERIC BELLONE | Suffolk University This article was originally published in The Conversation | October 5, 2021 The 4 million inhabitants of five U.S. territories – Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Northern Marianas Islands, Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands – do not have the full protection of the Constitution, because of a series of Supreme Court cases dating back to 1901 that are based on archaic, often racist language and reasoning.

ERIC BELLONE / Suffolk University

No U.S. citizen living in any of those places can vote for president. They don’t have a voting representative in Congress, either.

But this inferiority is inconsistent. Puerto Ricans are American citizens and can vote in federal elections if they reside in a U.S. state – but not if they live in Puerto Rico or one of the other territories.

However, American Samoans are not U.S. citizens, so they can’t vote for president even if they live in the 50 states. That is being challenged in federal courts.

It’s all a result of a political and legal mindset that is more than 100 years old, but is still in force.

Superiority complex Up until the end of the 19th century, everyone assumed that all U.S. territories would, eventually, become full-fledged states, whose residents would become U.S. citizens with rights fully protected by the Constitution. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 outlined the process: As new lands opened to Americans, Congress would initially appoint a governor and judges for the territory and establish a rule of law. When the territorial population exceeded 5,000 adult men, voters would elect a legislature and send a nonvoting delegate to Congress. When the territory reached a population of 60,000, the territory would petition for statehood and be admitted to the union.

That process assumed the territories would be in North America, and that most of the territorial population would be people of European descent. Those assumptions changed when the United States claimed Puerto Rico, the Philippines and Guam in 1898, as spoils of war at the end of the SpanishAmerican War. Puerto Rico and Guam are still U.S. territories.

That expansion gave Americans a clear sense of the nation’s purpose and power in the world, summarized effectively by U.S. Sen. Albert Beveridge of Indiana in a congressional speech on Jan. 9, 1900: “[God] has made us the master organizers of the world to establish system where chaos reigns. He has made us adept in government that we may administer government among the savage and servile peoples.”

A new type of territory Starting in 1901, a set of court cases, collectively called the “Insular Cases,” created new constitutional law regarding the United States’ relation with its territories. They began when import companies challenged tariffs imposed on goods transported from the newly acquired territories into the U.S. The companies claimed there should not be tariffs, because the goods were moving from one part of the U.S. to another.

The Supreme Court ultimately ruled that the companies were correct that

transport within the U.S. was not subject to tariffs, but created an exception, in which the new lands were neither foreign countries nor part of the U.S. Those territories, the Supreme Court would rule in the first of the Insular Cases, Downes v. Bidwell in 1901, were “foreign in a domestic sense,” “inhabited by alien races,” and therefore governing them “according to Anglo-Saxon principles may for a time be impossible.”

The ruling included other prejudice-revealing statements, too, such as, “It is obvious that in the annexation of outlying and distant possessions grave questions will arise from differences of race, habits, laws, and customs of the people, and from differences of soil, climate, and production, which may require action on the part of Congress that would be quite unnecessary in the annexation of contiguous territory inhabited only by people of the same race, or by scattered bodies of native Indians.”

As a result, the court created a new distinction: “Incorporated” territories of the U.S. were expected to one day become states. “Unincorporated” territories, by contrast, were not – and, therefore, their inhabitants were, and still are, denied some of their constitutional rights.

A 2020 referendum vote in Puerto Rico favored statehood; Guam officials have called for statehood; and Stacey Plaskett, who represents the people of the U.S. Virgin Islands in Congress, says her constituents deserve the full rights of citizenship, including the right to vote.

The cases and context Both at the time and since, the Downes decision has been described as meaning “the Constitution does not follow the flag.” The territories might be ruled by Congress, but not necessarily by the Constitution.

What that meant for the people of those territories was unclear. And despite five other cases in 1901, and others in the subsequent 20 years, the Supreme Court has never truly clarified which constitutional protections were available to whom and which weren’t. It left open questions about whether key elements of the Constitution, like trial by jury, or even the Bill of Rights, were available in the unincorporated territories.

Hawaii was also acquired in 1898, but was treated differently and ultimately became a state. The differences were probably for reasons to do with partisan politics and a Republican-Democratic balance in Congress.

Supreme Court interpretation over the years Since the mid-20th century, the court has made small incremental changes to the Insular Cases’ effects, tweaking technical definitions concerning taxes, trade and governmental benefits such as Social Security, Medicaid and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. But the court has not addressed the overall inferior constitutional status of the territories and the people who live there.

It wasn’t until 1957, for instance, in Reid v. Covert, that the Supreme Court ruled that defendants in the territories had a right to trial by jury – a right citizens have because of Article III of the Constitution. Several justices made clear that “neither the cases nor their reasoning should be given any further expansion.”

That statement was widely viewed as a signal that the influence of the Insular Cases was declining.

In Torres v. Puerto Rico (1979), the court further weakened the Insular Cases.

Although narrowly applied to the territory at hand, the Supreme Court made clear that the Bill of Rights actually did apply in a U.S. territory.

continued on next page

Política / Politics

El Sol Latino November 2021

11

Century-old racist US Supreme Court cases still rule over millions of Americans continued from previous page In its 2008 ruling in Boumediene v. Bush, the court held that detainees at the U.S. naval base in Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, had the constitutional right of habeas corpus to challenge the validity of their detention. Justice Anthony Kennedy’s opinion said, “It may well be that over time the ties between the United States and any of its territories strengthen in ways that are of constitutional significance,” and said the federal government did not “have the power to switch the Constitution on or off at will.”

But in its 2020 ruling in Financial Oversight and Management Board for Puerto Rico v. Aurelius Investment, the court pulled back from its trend of extending constitutional protections to the unincorporated territories. It ruled that President Barack Obama’s appointments to the board, a government body focused on helping Puerto Rico return to financial stability, were local officials, not “officers of the United States,” and therefore did not require Senate confirmation.

Into the future Many legal scholars view the court’s mention of U.S. territorial connections strengthening “over time” as a possible key to overturning the Insular Cases.

Medios / Media

Hispanic Underrepresentation In The Media WASHINGTON, DC | GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICCE (GAO) | September 23, 2021 — The media industry plays an important role in educating and entertaining the public—from producing movies and television programming to publishing books and providing news coverage. But this industry has been criticized for its lack of diversity.

The original distinctions assumed that the U.S. would “govern temporarily territories with wholly dissimilar traditions and institutions.” Most acknowledge those perceived distinctions clearly no longer exist.

These territories have established institutions and principles grounded in American traditions. The internal governments of these territories have established laws, governmental institutions and legal traditions that are indistinguishable from any state in the union. They hold elections, have residents serving in the U.S. military, and play a role in building the nation.

But without equal voting rights and congressional representation, the Americans living in these territories cannot remedy their status at the ballot box.

ERIC BELLONE is an Associate Professor of Government and Public Policy at Suffolk University. Eric has written a book chapter in The New Technology of Crime, Law, and Social Control and his publications have appeared in The Journal of International Commercial Law and Technology and The Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice. He received a B.S. in Economics and a B.A. in History, a J.D. the University of New Hampshire School of Law, an M.A. in Criminal Justice from the University of Massachusetts - Lowell, and a Ph.D. in Law and Public Policy from Northeastern University.

subsectors of the media industry. The population’s greatest representation was in the motion picture and video industries, at 16%. Hispanics’ lowest representation (8%) was in the subsector for newspapers, periodicals, books, and directory publishers.

Estimated Percentage Workers

by Industry MediaSubsector, Industry2019 Subsector, 2019 Figure 2: Estimated Percentageof of Hispanic Hispanic Workers

by Media

As we mark National Hispanic Heritage Month (September 15–October 15), today’s WatchBlog post looks at our new report on how Hispanics are represented in the U.S. media industry and in specific media occupations.

Hispanics in the workforce Hispanic workers comprised an estimated 12% of the media industry’s workforce; outside of the media, however, Hispanics are an estimated 18% of all workers. What’s more, while the Hispanic representation in the U.S. workforce grew from 16% to 18% between 2014 and 2019, it remained fairly steady at 11% and 12% in the media workforce during the same time period.

Notes: The 95 percent confidence interval for the 16 percent estimate for the Motion Picture and Video Industries is 14.6 to 17.2.

Similarly, our analysis found that Hispanic representation varied by media The 95 percent confidence interval for the 15 percent estimate for the Sound Recording Industries is 11.4 to 19.9. The 95 percent confidence interval for the example, 14 percent estimate for the Radio and Television Broadcasting and Cable in andcamera Other Subscription occupation.

For Hispanic representation was higher operator Programming industries is 13.1 to 15.9. The 95 percent confidence interval for the 9 percent estimate for Other Information Services is 7.8 tomedia 9.8. The 95equipment percent confidenceoccupations, interval for the 8 percent estimate for the Periodical, Book, and Directory and but lower forNewspaper, positions involving writing.

Publishers is 7.0 to 9.5.

Estimated Percentage of Hispanic Workers Media Industry All Industries Figure 1: Estimated Percentage of Workers in in thethe Media Industry and and All Other Who Are Hispanic, Estimated Percentage of Hispanic Workers in the Media Industry by Media 2014-2019 Other Industries, 2014-2019 Figure 3: Estimated Hispanic Workers in the Mediaselections, Industrythe bysample MediaisOccupation, 2018 and Since these estimates arePercentage derived from aof probability procedure based on random only one of a large number of samples that could have been 2019 drawn. Since each sample could have provided different estimates, we express our Occupation, 2018 and Combined 2019 Combined confidence in the precision of our particular sample’s results as a 95 percent confidence interval. This is the interval that would contain the actual population value for 95 percent of the samples we could have drawn.

The media industry includes companies classified under the following North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes: Newspaper, Periodical, Book, and Directory Publishers (5111), Motion Picture and Video Industries (5121), Sound Recording Industries (5122), Radio and Television Broadcasting (5151), Cable and Other Subscription Programming (5152), and Other Information Services (5191). Examples of other information services include news syndicates and exclusively Internet publishing and/or broadcasting.

Hispanic Representation in the Media Industry Varied by Occupation Hispanic representation varied for some media occupations, according to our analysis of the two most recent years of ACS data. 13 We analyzed ACS data on the race/ethnicity of workers in 13 media occupations and found, on average, about 11 percent of these workers were Hispanic. 14 The estimated percentage of Hispanic workers in specific media occupations ranged from 7 percent for editors to 16 percent for music directors and composers (see fig 3). 15 In addition, an estimated 11 percent of news analysts, reporters, and journalists were Hispanic. 16 13We estimated the pooled average percent of Hispanic representation from ACS 1-year Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) data for 2018 and 2019 in this analysis to improve the precision of our estimates. Our analysis of ACS data on the race/ethnicity of workers in specific occupations focused on occupations that are specifically related to producing media content, and not on other types of jobs individuals may hold when working for companies in the media industry, such as accountants, computer specialists, or janitors, for example. We defined media occupations as the entertainment occupations that were held by at least 0.5 percent of workers in the media industry, according to 2019 ACS data. See figure 3 or enclosure I for the list of media occupations.

14The 95 percent confidence interval for the 11 percent estimate for the percentage of workers in media occupations that are Hispanic is 10.0 to 11.5.

Hispanic representation by media Notes: Estimates in this figure have a marginindustry, of error of occupation less than ± 1 percentage point at the 95 percentOur confidence level.

In on our Notes: Since these estimates are derived from a probability procedure based on random selections, the sample is only one of a 15The 95 future work representation the for media percent confidence interval for the 7 percent in estimate editors is 5.9 to 8.7. The 95 percent confidence number of samples thatincould analysis, the percentage of Hispanic workersmore in “all other industries” the sumcompanies of the estimated numberlarge of Hispanic workers all have been drawn. Since each sample could have provided different estimates, we express our As the U.S. population has become diverse, manyismedia have intervalwork forinthe 16 percentofestimate for music directors and composers isconfidence 8.8 to confidence the precision ourWe particular sample’s results as our a 95 percent interval. This representation is the interval that wouldin Our is ongoing. plan to expand analysis of26.7.

Hispanic industries outside of the media industry (non-media industries) divided by the total estimated number of contain workers in thepopulation non-media the actual value for 95 percent of the samples we could have drawn. The estimates are the pooled average come to recognize the importance of employing a diverse workforce that reflects the 16The 95 percent confidence interval for the 11 percent estimate for news analysts, reporters, and journalists is 9.0 to industries. percent of Hispanic and 2019 ACS 1-year Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) The 95 percent media torepresentation include, from for2018 example, representation of women in thedata. media by confidence intervals are estimated using successive difference replicate (SDR) weights.

13.5. different perspectives on screen and in print. However, a study of 1,000 popular race and ethnicity, including by occupation.

We will also be looking at industry The media industry includes companies classified under the following North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) The media industry includes companies classified under the following North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) movies from 2007-2019 found that only about 5% of all speaking characters on efforts to increase workforce diversity are enforcing codes: Newspaper, Periodical, Book, and Directory Publishers (5111), Motion Picture and Video Industries (5121), Sound Recording codes: Newspaper, Periodical, Book, and Directory Publishersand (5111);how Motionfederal Picture andagencies Video Industries (5121); Sound Recording screen 4%Radio of directors wereBroadcasting Hispanic. (5151), Cable and Other Subscription Programming Industries (5122); Radio and Television Broadcasting (5151); Cable and Other Programming (5152); and Other Industriesand (5122), and Television (5152), and Other equal employment opportunity requirements andSubscription promoting workforce diversity Information Services (5191).

In our report, we found that Hispanic representation varied across different

Page 5 Services (5191).

Information

GAO-21-105322 Hispanic Employment

in the media industry. This report will be available to the public in spring 2022.

EEOC provides a different breakout of occupations that further informs the racial and ethnic

Hispanic representation varied across the different subsectors of the media makeup industry, according of the industry. Specifically, the EEO-1 report collects data on the number of workers in categories, each of which includes many occupations. EEOC data collected from media to our analysis of ACS data (see fig. 2). 11 In 2019, the estimated percentage10ofjobHispanic companies showed that Hispanic representation in the media industry varied by EEO-1 job workers ranged from 8 percent for the newspaper, periodical, book, and directory categorypublishers in 2018, with service jobs having the largest percentage of Hispanic workers and 12 having among the lowest Hispanic representation (see table 1). subsector to 16 percent for the motion picture and video industry subsector.management

12

Deportes / Sports

Championship Game 2021

Cubs vs Piratas 21

Van Sickle Field- Springfield – 9 de octubre de 2021

El Sol Latino November 2021

Deportes / Sports

Championship Game 2021

13

Cubs vs Piratas 21

Van Sickle Field- Springfield – 9 de octubre de 2021

14

Deportes / Sports

El Sol Latino November 2021

Juego de Campeonato 2021

Potros vs Legends McNally Field - Holyoke – 23 de octubre de 2021

Deportes / Sports

El Sol Latino November 2021

Juego de Campeonato 2021

Potros vs Legends McNally Field - Holyoke – 23 de octubre de 2021

Campeones

15

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El Sol Latino November 2021

Fine Arts Center

Noviembre 2021

Únase a nosotros para celebrar la apertura de la Temporada 2021-2022 del Fine Arts Center con una serie de eventos virtuales y presenciales que celebran la humanidad presente en todos nosotros.

ARTS.LIVE.HERE. UMass Amherst Fine Arts Center

Martha Redbone Roots Project

Martes, Noviembre 9, 2021 | 7:30 p.m. | Bowker Auditorium Boletos $24 | $10: Estudiantes de los Five Colleges y jóvenes de 17 años o menos Martha Redbone es conocida por su estilo único de folk, blues y gospel de su niñez en Harlan County, Kentucky, permeado con la ecléctica determinación de Brooklyn previo a la gentrificación. Heredando el poderoso registro vocal de su padre afro-americano, intérprete de música gospel, y el espíritu resiliente de la cultura Cherokee/Shawnee/Choctaw de su madre, Redbone ensancha las fronteras de la música de raíces americanas.

Guitarra! Christopher Ladd

Sábado, Noviembre 13, 2021 | 7:00 p.m. | Old Chapel | Boletos $15 El galardonado e internacionalmente renombrado guitarrista de música clásica Christopher Ladd es reconocido en Norte América y en el extranjero como uno de los intérpretes de música clásica mas prometedores de su generación. Fingerstyle Guitar aclama sus presentaciones como “… expresivas e interpretadas con seguridad.” Alabado como “… un ejercicio de extremos.” por el Soundboard Magazine, es altamente cotizado como solista y músico de cámara.

Christopher Ladd: Classical Guitar Master Class

Domingo, November 14, 2021 | 10:00 a.m. ET | Old Chapel * Boletos de Admisión General para Observadores $15 Ladd conducirá un master class con estudiantes avanzados de guitarra, abierta a observadores. Disfrute la interacción entre este magnífico músico y estudiantes selectos de guitarra clásica de Nueva Inglaterra.

Codemakers: Jennifer Koh, Davóne Tines, Kee-Yoon Nahm and Ken Ueno (Presentación en Línea)

Asian and Asian American Arts and Culture Program Lunes, Noviembre 15 | 7:30 p.m. ET | Gratis – Es necesario registrarse

Continuamos nuestra serie de conversaciones destacando artistas de color socialmente comprometidos con la violinista de renombre mundial Jennifer Koh, el cantante de ópera Davóne Tines, el compositor Ken Ueno, y el dramaturgo Kee-Yoon Nahm discutiendo sus experiencias y desafíos como artistas asiático-americanos y afro-americanos, y su nueva colaboración antirracista, Everything That Rises Must Converge.

Eventos Auspiciados por Aviso sobre COVID 19: Siguiendo las recomendaciones de Centers for Disease Control, la política de UMass Amherst 2021-2022 requiere que la facultad, personal y estudiantes estén vacunados. Todos los asistentes a las presentaciones en vivo del Fine Arts Center, el University Museum of Contemporary Art, y las galerías Augusta Savage y Hampden deben usar una mascarilla.

Para nuestra programación de la temporada completa o boletos de entrada llamar al: 413-545-2511 ó al 800-999-UMAS ó en línea fineartscenter.com