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ABPL30048 ARCHITECTURE DESIGN STUDIO: AIR 2018 SEMESTER 1 NAME: WONG SI NGA (EMILY) STUDENT NO.: 813823 TUTORIAL 1 EM(BEE)SY TUTOR: JACK MANSFIELD-HUNG
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TABLE OF CONTENTS C.1. DESIGN CONCEPT
INTERIM FEEDBACK REFINING CONCEPT BLUE BANDED BEES MATTED FLAX LILY PROPOSED SITES FUTURE PLAN ROOT COMPONENTS SITES IN CERES ARCHITECTURE PRECEDENTS NATURAL REFERENCES
C.2. TECTONIC ELEMENTS & PROTOTYPE
PROTOTYPE 1 PROTOTYPE 2
PROTOTYPE 3
L-SYSTEM 1 L-SYSTEM 2 L-SYSTEM 3
C.3. FINAL DETAIL DESIGN ISOMETRIC PLAN & SECTION DESIGN DETAILS L-SYSTEM CONNECTION DIAGRAM
FINAL MODEL MAKING PROCESS
C.4. LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES REFERENCES
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C.1. DESIGN CONCEPT
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INTERIM FEEDBACK For our midterm proposal, we had come up with two potential ideas for the creation of our bee Embassy. The first utilising the fractalling of repeating geometric forms in order to create aggregated building blocks to produce structures to suit the potential needs of the bee and humans. The second was the hanging resting place experimenting with the use of perforations on a surface to suit the site conditions. Of the two ideas the first was more successful, since there was more potential in the exploration of the repeating forms of differing scales compared to the second. The static surface of design two does not provide much room for going forward due to the size of the perforations relying too much on the surface and it didn’t tackle the requirements of the brief of having a space for bees and humans.
The weaknesses of the first idea however was that the design was really lacking in variation and dynamism. Although the ideas of using an algorithm to create variation through forming different sized voids, the basic hexagonal shapes of the structures with it’s flat even faces where ultimately too pure and inflexible in the use as a building block. The pure basic geometries of the design limited the development of the possibilities of the proposal. It was recommended to break out of the limitations of basing our designs on primitive forms. To improve, the ideas of looking back and incorporating the ideas of unique irregular surface qualities of the ICD Pavillion should be utilised in the creation our own design. Additionally, for prototyping, our tests with the paper clay showed us that there was some potential in use due to its ability to create randomised organic forms and textures. Our use of powder printing was quite successful due to their presentation quality, however its low cost efficiency meant that we ultimately had to resort to using PLA 3D printing in order to create our forms. To develop our prototyping further we will test out the use of using plastic 3D printing as a base in combination of using the paper clay.
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STUDIO BRIEF
REFINING CONCEPT
This studio aims to integrate a series of insect embassies with the intention of strengthening a relationship between human and insect that allows for the growth of better, biodiverse ecosystems, that penetrate deeper into our urban realm. The embassies will interface with both the public as well as the existing natural ecosystems along Merri Creek. The studio will focus solely on the native solitary bee - the blue banded bee which is vital to the biodiversity of the local area, requiring students to undertake research and data collection on the specifics of the insect (habits, habitats, opportunities, threats etc) that will effect design decisions as the studio progresses.
Our group define the Em(bee)sy as not a place but rather an idea of achieving a symbiotic relationship between bees and humans where the bees can help provide the crucial service of pollinating the critically endangered Matted Flax Lily, while we in turn can provide protection for the bees with the use of the buzz stations (the em(bee)sy). Our agenda is to help protect the critically endangered Matted Flax Lily, which is crucial to the health of Victoria's bio sphere. In our group we believe the importance of the blue banded bees ability to perform buzz pollination and the crucial role they provide in the keeping in maintaining the wellbeing of the Matted Flax Lily . As a result, our Em(bee)sy strives to promote the spread of the blue banded bees throughout the Merri Creek and to the CBD. We seek to increase the number of blue banded bees in the area by attracting them with the plantation of more Matted Flax Lily and the buzz stations. The planting of new buzz stations and Matted Flax Lily sites act as stepping stones for helping us achieve a full buzz metro system.
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Project title
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BLUE BANDED BEES Blue banded bee is one of the Australian native bees, who perform buzz pollination, which is ideal for crops such as tomatoes and blueberries. Adult blue-banded bees typically grow to between 10mm and 12mm. Their nest is about 10-15 mm wide and 25-50 mm deep. They have a limited foraging range of 300 m. Adult blue banded bees fly only in warm months of the year (October till April) and all the adults die as the cold weather begins. Fig.1 Blue banded bee
Blue banded bees are solitary bees. The female bees build their own nest next to other females. Before depositing an egg, a mixture of nectar and pollen is placed in the cell. Once an egg has been deposited each cell is capped, and when all cells are filled and capped the burrow is closed with a layer of soil. The female then goes in search of another nesting site. Blue-banded bees tend to nest in burrows in dried-up river banks, old clay homes, and mortar between bricks, soft mortar, mud bricks or soft sandstone banks in sheltered positions. Blue banded bees are attracted to blue objects, as well as flowers, such as Lavender, Matted Flax Lily and tomatoes.1
1. Blue Banded Bees, 'Blue Banded Bees', Blue Banded Bees (Blue Banded Bees, revised 2018) <http://bluebandedbees.com/index.htm> [3 June 2018]
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MATTED FLAX LILY The Matted Flax Lily is a type of native flower found in parts of Victoria and Tasmania. They are classified as being endangered due to habitat loss mainly because of the clearing of grass and woodlands, as well as the competition from weeds and population isolation. A few plants have been located within Merri Creek, including about a hundred in Reservoir and Fawkner park south of the Metropolitan ring road. Scattered plants have been found along 3 kilometres of the Merri Creek parklands nearby. Fig.2 Matted Flax Lily
Leaves are grey-green, dull crimson at the base, narrow and tapering, grow to 45 cm long by 12 mm wide. The Matted Flax Lily flowers from October to April. They are buzz-pollinated by native bees, such as blue banded bees. Fruit is a purple, round and fleshy berry. Fruit attracts a variety of birds. In Victoria, the Matted Flax Lily are commonly found in lowland grasslands, grassy woodlands, valley grassy forest and creeklines of herb-rich woodland. The species typically occurs on well drained to seasonally wet fertile sandy loams to heavy cracking clays derived from Silurian or Tertiary sediments, or from volcanic geology.2
Fig.3 Berry
2. Australian Government, 'Dianella amoena â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Matted Flax-lily', Australian Government (Australian Government, revised 2018) <http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/ publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=64886> [3 June 2018]
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PROPOSED SITES In the sites map, we have proposed different sites for where our buzz stations will be situated along with areas of new Matted Flax Lily plantations. These sites are currently located along the river as an initial strategy of blue banded bees and Matted Flax Lily reaching the CBD from Fawkner to form the buzz metro. The buzz stations are the place we designed for the bees to live in and lay their eggs in. Thus, it acts as a resting point for bees in their journay. The bees are active forages with a range of 300 meters. In the initial strategy, we based our buzz stations and new Matted Flax Lily planatations within the 300 meters foraging range as shown in the sites map to achieve a connected network for bees. The sites for the Matted Flax Lily are focused to the grasslands and grassy woodlands, where the lilies normally occus. Moreover, the sites for the buzz stations are in the park and reserve along the Merri Creek and Yarra River, as well as within the foraging range to the lilies. Therefore, it provides the bees food, water and habitat.
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SITES PLAN Along Merri Creek & Yarra River Map 1:1200@A0
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FUTURE PLAN The generative urban plan indicates the future sites for the buzz stations spreading from the proposed sites along Merri Creek and Yarra River to urban area. The blue points map the sites in the parks and reserves. They are connected all together with the addition of residential site. Each site is within 300m for the bees to travel. The Matted Flax-Lilies will also be planted in the grasslands and woodlands within their foraging range. Since the species typically occurs on well drained to seasonally wet fertile sandy loams to heavy cracking clays derived from Silurian or Tertiary sediments, or from volcanic geology, which means the flowers are likely to occur on most of the soil types. As shown in the soil map in the following page, the soil types in urban area are suitable for growing the Matted Flax Lily. With the sites of the buzz stations and flax lily plantations within the foraging range of blue banded bees, this buzz metro encourages bees going to other sites, or at least tries to give another options for the bees to move.
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GENERATIVE URBAN PLAN Map 1:1200@A0
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Unstable
Silt
Duplex - claysilt then clay
ROOT COMPONENTS FOR SOIL TYPES
Therefore, the less stable the soil types are, the more and longer spikes are used on the root components to hold and make the structure stable. On the other hand, the more stable the soil types are, the smoother the surface of the root components can be.
Soil types
As there are different soil types in urban area, different root components are designed to suit the soil conditions. Sand and gravels are good foudations that are less or not prone to movement. Clay is less stable than sands, as it is prone to movement by moisture. Silt is very unstable when the moisture content increases.
Medium to heavy textured clay with some sand
Shallow heavy textured clay
Sandy loam
Deep stratified sand/ silt/ clay/ gravel Stable
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SOIL MAP IN URBAN AREA Map 1:1200@A0
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CERES Community Environment Park
SITES IN CERES Our project will first start from CERES. The buzz stations and lilies plan outlines the location of the buzz stations and the Matted Flax Lily planatations in CERES, the allocated site, as well as how the blue banded bees are directed in their journay. We have chosen the woodland next to the pavilion for planting the buzz station in CERES. With the ease of access and high foot traffic, it attracts attention from people. Meanwhile, the Matted Flax Lilies are planted within the 300 meters foraging range to the buzz stations. The sites are chosen to be the grasslands and woodlands near the Merri Creek, where the soil profile is suitable for the lilies to grow.
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Therefore, it encourages the bees to fly to the patches of lily planatations and find their way to buzz stations with their strong sense of smell.
BUZZ STATIONS & LILIES PLAN CERES Map 1:250@A2
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ARCHITECTURE PRECEDENTS Our project is influenced by the Dolphin Embassy significantly, where the importance of the coexistence of different creatures and the closely linked relationship between people, animals and the ecosystem are reinforced and promoted. Moreover, the space for the female bees to live in and lay their eggs is inspired by the ICD Pavilion, Nagakin Capsule Tower and the Anthozoa Cape and Skirt, which are composed of repeated components, which relates to the habitat of the blue banded bees that the bees live together but build their own place separately.
Fig.4 The Dolphin Embassy, Ant Farm
Furthermore, the aggregations and the joints of the components of our buzz stations are inspired by the Bloom Grame and the Morning Line. We setted up a rule of the L-system for how to connect different components and designed the joints for the components. Thus, the modules are aggregated without glue.
Fig.7 Nagakin Capsule Tower, Kisho Kurokawa
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Fig.5 Morning Line, Arandalasch
Fig.6 ICD Pavilion 2011, University of Stuttgart
Fig.8 Bloom Game, Andrasek and Sanchez
Fig.9 Anthozoa Cape and Skirt, Neri Oxman
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NATURAL REFERENCES Our design is inspired by the shape of the Matted Flax Lily and the bird of paradise flower, as bees are easily attracted by the flowers. Also, they encourage our use of colour in the design as a way to attract bees. Moreover, the functions of the buzz stations are inspired by the roosting male blue banded bees, for which we think we can create a place for the male bees, as the male and female bees live in different ways. Furthermore, we are inspired by the deffensive structure of the pitcher plants and the Venus Flytrap and how they catch the food. These add to our design of deffensive cells.
Fig.10 Matted Flax Lily
In addition, we got the fractuals idea form the Aloe plants. We are designing two sizes of the living place for different size and favor of the bees.
Fig.13 Bird of paradise flower
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Fig.11 Male blue banded bees roosting
Fig.12 Aloe plant
Fig.14 Pitcher plants
Fig.15 Venus Flytrap
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C.2. TECTONIC ELEMENTS & PROTOTYPE
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PROTPTYPE 1 In our group, we have designed four sizes and variations for the buzz terminals. There are two buzz terminals without defensive spikes and two with defensive spikes. We have 3D printed them to see the quality of the design.
Components
We have tried to join the components with different size, trying to achieve the fractal quality. Also, there are another joints for the modules designed at the bottom of the components. However, these aggregations are not successful because they all rely on glue. Furthermore, the position of the joints limits the possibilities of having different aggregations.
Aggregation modelling 1
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Aggregation 1
Aggregation 2
Aggregation modelling 2
Aggregation modelling 3
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PROTPTYPE 2 Since the aggregations of prototype 1 cannot perform without glue, our group have designed two structual branch components to connect the buzz terminals, as well as to hold the structure. Moreover, we have design the wellfitted internal and external joints for the components. The connections of the components are successful and secure when we had them 3d printed. In the next three pages, there are three l-systems we test on the aggregation of the components, as well as theirs iterations.
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Internal joints
Internal joints
External joints
Aggregation
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PROTPTYPE 2 L-SYSTEM 1 B
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A - Branch 1
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B - Branch 2
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C - Flower 1
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Iteration 1
Iteration 2
Iteration 3
Iteration 4
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PROTPTYPE 2 L-SYSTEM 2 B
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A - Branch 1
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Iteration 1
Iteration 2
Iteration 3
Iteration 4
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PROTPTYPE 2 L-SYSTEM 3 A - Branch 1
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B - Branch 2
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B C - Flower 1
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D - Flower 2
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Iteration 1
Iteration 2
Iteration 3
Iteration 4
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PROTPTYPE 3 We have prototyped the components by using pinkysil and resin. As we have designed four repeated components, it is more economical to make the modules out of pinkysil mould. However, the two part mould is not quite successful, as the connection part of the mould is not properly joined. Thus, it cannot create the exact component. It needs further experiments. While the mould is successful in making high quality internal and external joints, which can achieve secure connection of the components.
1. There are two bottles of silicon.
Furthermore, if we have to use this method for the final model, we will need four two-part moulds. The pinkysil and resin are expensive. The resin takes 12 hours for each components to dry. Also, as our design for the components, especially the flower components, are so complicated to be made with the pinkysil, it is not efficient to use this method. Therefore, for the final model, we gave up using the pinkysil. We will 3D print the components. Although 3D printing is expensive, it is less time consuming.
4. Fill the clay mould with the pinkysil.
7. Make another clay mould for the second half pinkysil mould.
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8. Fill the clay mould with the pinkysil.
2. Mix the silicon thoroughly.
3. Make a clay mould for the first half pinkysil mould.
5. Remove the clay mould from the pinkysil with a scalpel.
6. Finish making the first half of the pinkysil mould.
9. Remove the clay mould to get two park pinkysil mould.
10. Combine the two part mould and fill the resin in through the hole created. Wait for abour 12 hours and get the resin module. DETAILED DESIGN
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ISOMETRIC
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SECTION 1:10 @ A3
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PLAN 1:10 @ A3
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DESIGN DETAILS The buzz terminals are the main components of the design. The middle holes with the plaster filled provide the space of living and laying eggs for the female blue banded bees. The plaster provide suitable environment for the bee for dig holes, live in and lay eggs. There are two sizes for the buzz terminals for different sizes and favour of bees. The size of the middle holes in buzz terminal 1 are approximately 60mm deep and 30mm wide, while those in buzz terminal 2 are approximately 40mm deep and 20mm wide. The sizes are suitable for bees.
Furthermore, the buzz terminals are design to have the defensive spikes, in order to protect the female bees and the eggs inside from the attack of the birds, as the flowers and fruits in the surroundings always attract birds that are harmfule to bees.
BUZZ TERMINAL 1 Fishing line hole
Defensive spikes
Bee tunnel: plaster filled
Lavender oil
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In addition, there are fishing lines attached to the spikes of the buzz terminals. It is inspired from how the male bees get rest, as shown in the natural references page. They are different from the female bees. They do not live in the holes, while they roosts on a thin branch.
In order to attract the blue banded bees to come to the buzz terminals and keep spreading along the river, we have put the lavender oil in the side holes, as the blue banded bees are attracted by lavenders and the smell. Also, we painted the terminal to blue, as the blue banded bees love blue colour and it represents the colour of the Matted Flax Lilies.
BUZZ TERMINAL 2
Defensive spikes
Bee tunnel: plaster filled
Lavender oil
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Plaster filled the hole
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L-SYSTEM
A - Root
For our final design, we have chosen the l-system 3 from the prototype page because we get more control on it. Among all iterations, this is the most balanced, as our aim for the design is that it can be used anywhere. Others cannot not be held easily.
B - Branch 1
D - Flower 1
C - Branch 2
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E
E - Flower 2
CONNECTION DIAGRAM
Buzz Terminal 1
Branch 1
Branch 2 Buzz Terminal 2
Branch 1
Root
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1. 3D print the branches no.1.
2. 3D print the main components and paint it to blue with acrylic.
4. 3D print the root component.
5. Attach the fishing line to the defensive spikes.
7. Put the plaster in the middle hole of the flower and wait the it dries.
8. Fill the side holes with lavender oil.
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FINAL MODEL MAKING PROCESS For the final model making, we chose to 3D print all the components because this is the most successful and efficient method. We have planted our structure in soil with a root component to show that the structure can stand alone. Furthermore, the lavender oil was used succesfully. Its smell is very strong and last very long.
3. 3D print the main components and paint it to blue with acrylic.
However, the filled plaster is not quite successful, as it becomes hard when it dries. It may be better if it is replaced by clay.
6. Mix the plaster powder with water.
9. Prepare a box for the soil.
10. Fill the box with soil, plant the root module to the soil and aggregate all the componenents according to the rule.
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FINAL MODEL PHOTOS
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C.4. LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES
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Our group started the project from the beginning for part c. For part b design, our group did not come up with an interesting concept for the em(bee)sy, which leads to our previous design lack of communication among human, blue banded bees and the environments significantly. During the process of creating the project, I found that setting up a brief for the design is important, as it directly affects all the decisions made on the design. Grasshopper modelling for this project is used in only the generative urban plan and the root components. However, rhino3d modelling is used in visualising the designs. Although the grasshopper techniques are not generally engaged in the design process, critical and algorithmic thinking are required in the process. The L-system is designed for the design of em(bee)sy specifically. It is crucial that the L-system can generate complicated and workable results for the design. I think this is challenging for our group in appling this. As our design comtains four different components for the L-system, our group failed to control the growing of the system, as the feedback from the final presentation that our design lacks complication in the system. One of the aims for the studio air is design futuring. Compared to other studios I had before, I have to foucs on how the project will be developed in the future for studio air. It is important for our design be used by the blue banded bees. Therefore, how the bees behave and where they live have to be understood and researched. In addition, different soil types have to be understood in order to design the root components apllied for different soil for future development. One of the most important parts in the studio air is the material test. The materials for the em(bee)sy has to be considered carefully and tested on the workability of attracting them. Therefore, we have tested the qualities of clay, plaster, resin and 3D printing. Moreover, as our components are repeated, we are introduced the method of making moulds for producing modules. Furthermore, we tested and created suitable joints for the components as our design developed. The most achieving things in studio air is the process of design. Digital technology in architecture is effective in generating many results with parameters. Moreover, this studio encouraged me to think critically and creatively. Em(bee)sy is not just a bee hotel, but a reinforcement for the ecosystem as a whole. Also, design is a process of understanding, exploring, testing and developing. It is useful for my further studying.
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C REFERENCES Australian Government, 'Dianella amoena â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Matted Flax-lily', Australian Government (Australian Government, revised 2018) <http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=64886> [3 June 2018] Blue Banded Bees, 'Blue Banded Bees', Blue Banded Bees (Blue Banded Bees, revised 2018) <http://bluebandedbees.com/ index.htm> [3 June 2018]
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Fig.1 'Blue banded bee', (revised 2016) <http://ww3.onvacations.co/images-blue-banded-bees/> [3 June 2018] Fig.2 Victorian Native Seed, 'Matted Flax Lily', Victorian Native Seed (Victorian Native Seed, revised 2012) <http://www. victoriannativeseed.com.au/?product=matted-flax-lily> [3 June 2018] Fig.3 Victorian Native Seed, 'Berry', Victorian Native Seed (Victorian Native Seed, revised 2012) <http://www.victoriannativeseed. com.au/?product=matted-flax-lily> [3 June 2018] Fig.4 Hidden A rc hitec ture, ‘ D olphin Embassy ’, Hidden A rc hitec ture (revised Febrauar y 2016) <ht tp: // w w w. hiddenarchitecture.net/2016/02/dolphin-embassy.html> [3 June 2018] Fig.5 ArchDaily, 'Morning line', ArchDaily (ArchDaily, revised 2017) <https://www.archdaily.com/877933/how-terrol-dew-johnsonand-aranda-lasch-are-reinventing-basket-weaving-traditions-to-sustain-native-culture-and-community> [3 June 2018] Fig.6 University of Stuttgart, 'ICD Pavilion 2011', University of Stuttgart (University of Stuttgart), <http://icd.uni-stuttgart. de/?p=6553> [3 June 2018] F i g . 7 P i n t e r e s t , ' N a g a k i n C a p s u l e To w e r ' , P i n t e r e s t ( P i n t e r e s t , r e v i s e d 2 0 1 8 ) , < h t t p s : / / w w w. p i n t e r e s t . c l / pin/845339792529344734/> [3 June 2018] Fig.8 Indie Cade, 'Bloom Game', Indie Cade (Indie Cade, revised 2015), <https://www.indiecade.com/games/selected/bloomthe-game> [3 June 2018] Fig.9 Howling Pixel, 'Anthozoa Cape and Skirt', Howling Pixel (Howling Pixel, revised 2018) <https://howlingpixel.com/wiki/Neri_ Oxman> [3 June 2018] Fig.10 BWVP, 'Matted Flax Lily', BWVP (BWVP, revised 2018) <http://bwvp.ecolinc.vic.edu.au/fieldguide/flora/matted-flaxlily#details> [3 June 2018] Fig. 11 Jenny Thynne, 'Male blue banded bees roosting', BowerBird (BowerBird, revised 2016), <http://www.bowerbird.org.au/ observations/49785> [3 June 2018] Fig. 12 Kenyamillan, 'Aloe plant', Kenyamillan (Kenyamillan, revised 2017) <https://kenyamillan.wordpress.com/2017/01/19/ piramide-de-sierpinski/> [3 June 2018] Fig. 13 Pinterest, 'Bird of paradise flower', Pinterest (Pinterest, revised 2018) <https://www.pinterest.co.uk/ pin/406731410090830353/> [3 June 2018] Fig. 14 Thepinsta, 'Pitcher plants', Thepinsta (Thepinsta, revised 2018), <http://www.thepinsta.com/tropical-pitcher-plant-sandiego-zoo-animals-amp-amp-plants_0yBihTdR9JnlxyK96rTxBRCX3lpoRLolUcMOMxcrwFUrOE9TGTYkGDMYXbvo%7CXFDLo qVkg9Hpmn%7CXrwuq4YevA/Zy8Xu3EGly19o8pyiJp%7Cm3XmE7ld6big2A6mR34fEwISxiRwz7U%7CTNW8iR8JTWAGMn0lx 1c%7CCF9skWSjLQBlSoZtD%7CY04dDjiuhoNLmKUMqdVv%7CBPPB%7CQnWga0AJWMYvmQWhrTzGqq6%7CRkvL6Miwic z0jf9*VNURiCRRf5iJUYo/> [3 June 2018] Fig. 15 Mercado Libre, 'Venus Flytrap', Mercado Libre (Mercado Libre, revised 2018) <https://articulo.mercadolibre.com.pe/ MPE-429527592-plantas-carnivoras-venus-atrapamoscas-_JM> [3 June 2018]
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AIR WONG SI NGA 2018