Your Home's Check In Gate _ Thesis Defence Presentation

Your Home’s Check-In Gate Spatial Planning Strategies for the Urban Integration of the Development Driven by Amsterdam Schiphol Airport.

P5 Presentation/26 June 2012 Emilia Machedon: emilia.machedon@gmail.com MSc Urbanism Candidate_4119738

: n io t a t n e s e r P ’s Today What I Learned What I Propose My Reflections

What I Learned:

World - world accessibility by air travel World- Accessibility

by Air trends in world economy - airport driven urban development within spatial planning

Travel

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area - administrative context - economic overview - demographic overview

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport - administration - historical evolution - regional economic impact Author’s own with data from Schiphol Group

World - world accessibility by air travel Trends ineconomy World Economy - trends in world - airport driven urban development within spatial planning

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area - administrative context - economic overview - demographic overview

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport - administration - historical evolution The Economist Business Travel Column, May 2012 - regional economic impact Source: economist.com, 2012

World World - world accessibility by air travel -- world by air travel trendsaccessibility in world economy Developing Airport Regions -- trends worldurban economy airport in driven development -within airport drivenplanning urban development spatial within spatial planning

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area Amsterdam Metropolitan - administrative context Area -- administrative context economic overview -- economic overview demographic overview - demographic overview

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport Amsterdam Schiphol Airport - administration -- administration historical evolution Berlin Brandenburg Airport Region Promotional Material -- historical evolution regional economic impactSource: airport-region.de, 2012 - regional economic impact

The

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area Amsterdam Metropolitan - administrative context - economic overview - demographic overview Groningen

Friesland

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport - administration - historical evolution - regional economic impact

Drenthe

North Holland

Flevoland

South Holland

Utrecht

Overijssel

Gelderland

North-Brabant

Germany

Zeeland

Airport Related Business Parks - urban integration problem Belgium

N

0

20

40

60 km

Limburg

Area

The

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area Amsterdam Metropolitan - administrative context - economic overview - demographic overview Amsterdam Municipality

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport - administration - historical evolution - regional economic impact Amsterdam City Region

Airport Related Business Parks - urban integration problem Amsterdam Metropolitan Area

Area

The

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area Amsterdam Metropolitan - administrative context - economic overview - demographic overview

Area

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport - administration - historical evolution - regional economic impact

Airport Related Business Parks - urban integration problem

Source: airfrance.com, 2012

The

1920 1920

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area Amsterdam Metropolitan - administrative context - economic overview - demographic overview

1920

1930 1930

1930

1920

Airport

1940 1940 1940

1950 1950 1950

1930 1960 1960 1960

1940

1920

Area

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport 1980 Mainport - administration - historical evolution - regional economic impact

1970 1970

1990

1970

Airport City

1980 1980 1980

1950 1990 1990 1990

Airport Related Business Parks - urban integration problem 2001

2000 2000

1960

2000

2010 2010 Numberofofpassengers passengers Number 2010

Source: Gordijn et al., 2009

Airport Corridor

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area for - administrativeLegend context - economic overview Urban Households Level three - demographic overview

Design

Level three operators Urban HouseholdsLevel three operators Urban Households Dutch Foreign Foreign Work Migrants

Visitors

Dutch

Foreign Work Migrants

Foreign Visitors

Level three operators Urban Households Level three operators Dutch Foreign Foreign Level two operators Urban Households Work Visitors Level two operators Migrants Production Network Dutch Foreign Foreign Core Airport AirportProduction Profitting Work Network Visitors Airport Business

Related

Oriented

of the Migrants Core Airport Airport Airport Related Image Business

Airport Oriented

Profitting of the Airport Image

Production/Consumption Amsterdam Schiphol Airport Level two operators

Production Network Level Consumption two Level two operators Network Core Airport Business

Airport Related

Core Airport Airport Airport Profitting Related Oriented Business of the Core Airport Core Airport Airport Airport Related Airport Image Related Business Business

Airport

Profitting

Airport Airport Oriented Oriented

Profitting Profitting Image of the of the Airport Airport Image Image

Oriented of the Consumption Network Production Network Airport

- administration - historical evolution - regional economic impact Consumption Network Profitting Airport Domestic Network Core Airport Profitting of the Related Airport Oriented of the Profitting Domestic Network Airport Consumption Network Business Airport of the Image Core Airport Business

Airport Related

Airport Oriented

Profitting Image Airport of the Image Airport Image

Level one operators Level one operators Profitting Public Transport Network Domestic Network of the Public Network Medium Medium MediumTransport Low High Airport High Speed Low Speed Profitting Speed Image Medium Medium Medium Domestic Network High Speed Speed of the Speed

Air

Level one

Air

Rail Rail

High Speed

Speed

Low Airport Speed Image

Low Speed

Transportation Infrastructure Level one operators Public Transport Network Level one operators Medium Medium Medium High High Speed Low Public Network Speed Transport High Speed

Road Air Road

Speed Medium High Speed

Medium Speed

Speed Medium Low Speed

Low Speed Low Speed

Air

Water

Water Rail

Airport Related Business Parks - urban integration problem Road NetworkRail Medium High Speed

Road Water Water

The Three Levels of Urban Networks after Dupuy, 1998

Medium Low Road Network

Medium Road Speed

Low Speed

Speed Medium High Speed

Medium Speed

Medium Low Speed

Low Speed

Medium

Medium Medium Speed

Medium Low Speed Medium Low Speed

Low Speed

Medium High Speed

Road Network

High Speed Road Network Speed

Low Speed

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area - administrative Location. context Study - economic overview - demographic overview Badhoevedorp Oude Haagseweg North-East Badhoevedorp South-East Schiphol Amsterdam Schiphol Airport East - administration - historical evolution - regional economic impact Schiphol North KLM

Airport Related Business Parks - urban integration problem Aalsmeer North

Amstelveen South

Areas Zuidas

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area Criteria. context Urban Integration - administrative - economic overview - demographic overview main street connection

neighbourhood border

building typology

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport - administration - historical evolution - regional economic impact

closest daycare

airport dependant business

airport related business

public transport

Airport Related Business Parks - urban integration problem population density

airport profiting business

Overlap of Urban Integration Indicators for the Airport Related Business Parks

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area Conclusions. context Urban Integration - administrative - economic overview - demographic overview

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport - administration - historical evolution - regional economic impact

Airport Related Business Parks - urban integration problem

within existing urban areas

Spatial Formation Process.

Urban Integration

A

1. Core Development on the airport outskirts

2. Corridor Development along the transportation infrastructure green reserve areas

3. Densification within existing urban areas

Urban Networks.

Production Consumption

Regional Scale

Local Scale

Tokyo San Francisco Berlin New York

Helsinki London

S達o Paulo Madrid

Transportation Infrastructure

Zurich Shanghai

Amsterdam Central

Hong Kong

Tokyo

Amsterdam South

San Francisco Berlin New York

Helsinki Amsterdam Schiphol Airport

London S達o Paulo Madrid Zurich Shanghai Hong Kong

Urban Integration

Relevance.

Scale

Urban Integration

Content World - world accessibility by air travel - trends in world economy - airport driven urban development within spatial planning

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area - administrative context - economic overview - demographic overview

Source: Samsung Omnia Promotional Material, 2012

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport

Relationship Across Scales

problem the

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area - administrative context - economic overview - demographic overview

The Amsterdam Metropolitan Area

thesis structure

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport - administration - historical evolution - regional economic impact

Airport Related Business Parks - urban integration problem

Trends

Networks

Problem Statement - urban integration problem

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area - administrative context - economic overview - demographic overview

The Amsterdam Metropolitan Area

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport - administration - historical evolution - regional economic impact

• Population Growth

• Expansion Space Scarcity • Housing Supply vs Housing Demand Airport Related Business Parks - urban integration problem

Problem Statement - urban integration problem

p

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area - administrative context - economic overview - demographic overview

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport - administration - historical evolution - regional economic impact

thesis structure

The Amsterdam Metropolitan Area

• Landscape Networks • Urban Household Networks • Production Consumption Networks Airport Related Business Parks - urban integration problem

Problem Statement - urban integration problem

p

Amsterdam Metropolitan Area - administrative context - economic overview Amsterdam Landscape Networks - demographic overview

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport - administrationZuidas Global Expat Networks Business District - historical evolution - regional economic impact

thesis structure

The Amsterdam Metropolitan Area

Amstelveen

Landscape Networks

Schiphol

reclamation polder mantle

Business Schiphol Airport

urban canal

polder ringvaart

Amstelveen

old polder

planted polder forest

ecological corridor

Expat Networks Airport Related Business Parks Landscape Networks - urban integration problem

peat lake

Urban Household Networks Urban Household Networks

Glocal Production Area

AMSTERDAM INTERNATIONAL INHABITANTS

Sierplein

Amstel urban canal

polder ringvaart

reclamation polder mantle

old polder

AMSTELVEEN EXPAT NETWORKS

Amsterdam Arena

planted polder forest

Problem Statement - urban integration problem ecological corridor

Badhoevedorp

peat lake

Hoofddorp

Amstelveen

Diagnosis

What I Propose:

New Relationships Across Networks adjacent networks

collaborating networks

RID Zuidas Nieuwe Meer

Amsterdamse Bos North

Schiphol North Haarlemmermeer

business park

living and recreation

next to

in a global business

leisure park

environment

Urban Integration Strategies

Network Concept.

Before TokyoTokyo

After TokyoTokyo

Los Angeles Los Angeles

Los Angeles Los Angeles

Milano Milano

World Scale

San Francisco San Francisco

Beijing Beijing Milano Milano Kiev Kiev Oslo Oslo

New York New York Helsinki Helsinki Bucharest Bucharest S達o Paulo S達o Paulo Marseille Marseille

Beijing Oslo OsloBeijing Frankfurt Frankfurt

Helsinki Helsinki

Town Town FrankfurtCapeCape Frankfurt

Aalborg Aalborg Singapore Singapore

CapeCape Town Town

New York New York

Bucharest Bucharest

London London

S達o Paulo S達o Paulo

Singapore Singapore

Lisbon Lisbon

Shanghai Shanghai

Boston Boston Mumbai Mumbai

hub airport

Lisbon Lisbon

Paris Paris

Venice Venice ZurichZurich Geneva Geneva

HongHong KongKong

Kiev Kiev San Francisco San Francisco

Shanghai Shanghai Venice Boston ZurichZurich Venice Boston Geneva Geneva HongHong KongKong

Mumbai Mumbai

destination airport

Network Concept.

Urban Integration Strategies

Regional Scale

Before

After

Tokyo Tokyo San Francisco

Kiev

San Francisco Helsinki Berlin New York

New York

Helsinki Bucharest London

S達o Paulo

S達o Paulo Madrid

Paris Zurich Shanghai

Zurich

Shanghai Hong Kong Hong Kong

high speed networks

lower speed networks

Network Concept.

Urban Integration Strategies After

Local Scale

Before

not integrated

integrated

Network Concept.

Urban Integration Strategies After

Local Scale

Before

not integrated

integrated

Amsterdamse Bos as Metropolitan Park

Vision

A Regionally and Globally Accessible Park

Vision

A Park with an Urban Edge

Vision

A Park with a Regional Leisure Network

Vision

Spatial Planning Strategies Flow of People Generators

Amsterdam

Schiphol Airport

Spatial Planning Strategies Flow of People Attractors

Haarlemmermeer Ring Canal

Spatial Planning Strategies Land Use Intensification

Airport Related Business Areas

Spatial Planning Strategies

Key Interventions Ringvaart Business and Recreation Area

Schiphol Airport

Sloten Recreation Area

Riekerpolder Business Area

Amsterdam

Riekerpolder Stop

HighSpeed Networks

Intervention Principles

Riekerpolder Stop

New Low Speed Networks

Intervention Principles

Riekerpolder Stop

Existing Urban Design

Intervention Principles

Intervention Principles

Riekerpolder Stop

residential area residential and business area transportation networks residential area park waterfront

Proposed Urban Design

Riekerpolder Stop

New building blocks

Intervention Principles

Infill buildings

Existing Situation

Riekerpolder Business Area

Proposed Situation

Riekerpolder Business Area

Existing Situation

Image Source: Google Street View, 2012

Haarlemmermeer Ringvaart

Proposed Situation

Haarlemmermeer Ringvaart

Amsterdamse Bos as Metropolitan Park

My Reflections: Research

Practice

Existing Spatial Planning Models

spatial

Airport Corridor

airport corridor

Aerotropolis

city

airport

Airea

city

city airea

airport

aerotropolis

airport

definition

Time sensitive metropolitan scatter Coordinated provision of of airport oriented uses. infrastructure and commercial development. airport CBD axis airport-centered metro

ad actors

airportcity city

private developer and public infrastructure authorities

private market

Data from Freestone and Baker, 2011 and Schlaak, 2010.

Discrete spatial cluster of airport related uses. metropolitan subregion

private market

Strategy Comparison

Airport Corridor

Metropolitan Park

Schiphol Airport Corridor

Image Source: airportnext.nl, 2012

Amsterdamse Bos Metropolitan Park

Growing Interest

"Regional Urban Integration is a moving target. Scientific insights keep on evolving; we still have to learn a lot.�

Maurits Schaafsma, Senior Urban Planner.

Schiphol Airport Image Source: newharloheim.nl, 2012

R&D Process

Danke Schön!

Dank je wel!

Thank you!

Muchas Gracias!

Mulțumesc!

Obrigado!

хвала!

благодарю! terima kasih!

நன ் றி

‫ﺍﻡﺵ ﺯﺍ ﺭکﺵﺕ ﺍﺏ‬

Background Image Source: KLM, 2012