The Crusades By Sophia Bruce
What were they?
The main idea of the Crusades was to restore Christian access to holy places inside and around Jerusalem from the Saracen Muslims. They were announced by Pope Urban II in 1095, and around 100,000 Roman Catholic Christians responded to his request.
Pope Urban II
To become a Crusader, a person would have to swear a public vow to the cause, and receive a red cross to sew onto their clothing. The red cross was the symbol of the Crusades.
The original goal of the Crusades, to gain Jerusalem, was actually achieved by the end of the First Crusade. However, through the duration of all the Crusades, the control of the holy city and other areas gained by the Crusaders was switched many times.
This is a painting of a siege of Jerusalem by the Crusaders in 1099.
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The Crusades began to end after Christian authorities, such as Popes, started to loose power. They weren’t able to send Christians to battle.
This is a map of the routes the Crusaders took.
About one hundred years after the Crusades were over, the control of Jerusalem was again transferred to the Muslims. Overall, the Crusades didn’t do much to gain land for the Christians.
A painting of the Crusaders attacking Jerusalem.
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