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Eve r d o e s it s e e m t he s a m e ye t ne ve r d o e s it r e p e a t . T he s uc c e s s io n of fo r t u ne s a l w ay s r e p e a t e d ye t a l w ay s d i f fe r e nt . L i k e l ove, l i k e a r t . L i k e S h a k e s p e a r e’s p o e m s o r t he e d g e s of a n i s l a n d .
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Tr ic k [ e n ga ñ o ] i s t he n a m e fo r t he c a p e i n bu l l f i g ht i n g t e r m i nol o g y. P a i nt i n g i s a k i n t o s how i n g t h i n g s a s t he y r e a l l y a r e [d e s e n ga ñ o ] , t he o p p o s it e of t he t r o m p e - l ’œ i l . Tr ic k l e s s ne s s (w h ic h i s it s e l f a not he r c r a f t) .
B e r g a m í n c it e s L o p e d e Ve g a’s ve r s e : “ I m a d e a r t s m a g ic a l i n f l i g ht ”. I
I a m a p a i nt e r b r ou g ht up o n Pol l o c k a n d J i m my H e n d r i x . Ju s t a s t he r a r e a n d b a n a l f l owe r s of t ou r i s m we r e s t a r t i n g t o bl o s s o m , t he pl a c i d c a l m of M a l l o r c a b e g a n t o t h r o b w it h c o m pl e t e l y d i f fe r e nt s ou n d s , w it h s p e e d — t he s i g n of t he t i m e s . I r e c a l l t h a t A m e r ic a n p a i nt e r, w ho s e n a m e e l u d e s m e, w ho p e o pl e s a i d p a i nt e d t he f a s t e s t p a i nt i n g s i n t he world, m ade up of concent r ic ci rcles of such speed t h a t I c a n r e m e m b e r t he p a i nt i n g, but not t he p a i nt e r ’s n a m e… It w a s o n l y ye a r s b a c k i n A f r ic a , i n t he m i d d l e of t he S a h a r a , w he n I f i r s t not ic e d i n my not e b o o k s a n i nt e nt io n t o p a i nt d e e pl y, fo r c e f u l l y a n d s l ow l y, “ l i k e G oy a , l i k e C u r r o, l i k e C a m a r ó n”. You’ l l h ave t o fo r g ive my a u d a c it y, but a t 5 0 d e g r e e s c e nt i g r a d e, w it h a b r o k e n - d ow n c a r, a n d 10 0 k i l o m e t r e s aw ay f r o m w a t e r a n d s h a d e, you c a n i n du l g e c e r t a i n i l l u s io n s . C a m a r ó n b e c a m e t he s ou n d t r a c k t o t he s e j ou r ne y s a c r o s s t he d e s e r t a n d t he b a k i n g hot d ay s i n D o g o n C ou nt r y. C a m a r ó n’s s i n g i n g a l w ay s m a d e s e n s e t he r e s o m e how, e ve n fo r l o c a l s . I n t he Un it e d S t a t e s , I r e m e m b e r my f r ie n d s b e g g i n g m e t o t u r n of f “ t he c a s s e t t e of t h a t g uy s i n g i n g l i k e a n a n g r y ol d l a d y ”.
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T he i n f i n it e d i a s t ol e of t i m e : I c a n’t r e m e m b e r i f t h a t ’s a not he r quot e f r o m B e r g a m í n o r B e r g a m i n quot i n g G ó n g o r a … O r o ne of t he a nc ie nt G r e e k p o e t s … B u l l s a r e a m e t a p ho r fo r a l mo s t e ve r y t h i n g, i n t he s a m e w ay t h a t Ve l á z que z , a n a p pl e, a mo o n , o r my mot he r ’s f a c e, a r e a l l m e t a p ho r s ... S t o p p i n g t i m e o r “ t he c l o c k s t o p p e d”, a s bu l l f i g ht e r s s ay w he n t he y w a nt t o l av i s h t he u l t i m a t e p r a i s e on a per for m a nce, on R a f ael de Pau l a’s use of t he cape, o n t he ut mo s t g r a c e f u l ne s s t h a t c o n f r o nt s t he bu l l’s e x t r e m e a n i m a l it y, a n d it s c o n s e que nc e s .
P a i nt i n g a n d bu l l f i g ht i n g a r e t hu s t he u l t i m a t e o p p o s it e of , fo r i n s t a nc e, p ol it ic s a n d s p o r t . I d o n’t t h i n k t he m a t t e r ne e d s f u r t he r e x pl a n a t io n . T he a r t i s t a s t he a r t i f ic e of s ho c k s a n d m i r a c l e s (t he ot he r t r ic k s ) . PEPE
Pe p e H i l l o w it h a m u l e t a [ r e d c a p e f r o m t he f i n a l t h i r d of t he bu l l f i g ht] a n d a c l o c k . T i m e t e l l s of m i s h a p s . C u r r o R o m e r o, t he g r e a t bu l l f i g ht e r, a l w ay s r e g r e t t e d t h a t t he m a i n fo c a l p o i nt i n t he r i n g w a s of t e n t he c l o c k . S u b m i s s io n f i r s t t o t i m e — it s e l f s o f ic k l e — t he n t o a ut ho r it y ( a s i n t ho s e p hot o s of t he m a e s t r o b e i n g e s c o r t e d — a r r e s t e d — b y t he C iv i l G u a r d a f t e r o ne of h i s s o - c a l l e d s u d d e n f l i g ht s ) . I r e m e m b e r t h a t C u r r o s e t out t o u s e t he c a p ot e [ p i n k a n d ye l l ow d r e s s c a p e u s e d e a r l ie r i n t he f i g ht] f r o m t he b e g i n n i n g t o t he e n d of t he bu l l f i g ht , w it hout r e s o r t i n g t o t he m u l e t a . “ I m a g i ne i f t he l aw p r oh i b it e d you f r o m o n l y p a i nt i n g w it h t he b r o a d b r u s h”, he t ol d m e…
JO S E L I TO Jo s e l it o e l G a l l o a p p a r e nt l y s a i d : “ You c a n l e a r n e ve r y t h i n g e xc e pt s t y l e”. I o b v iou s l y a g r e e w it h t h a t , ju s t a s , b e fo r e a n d a f t e r, G r a c i á n , C é l i ne a n d B ioy d i d , a n d t h a t ’s ju s t t h r e e e x a m pl e s . B u l l f i g ht i n g a n d p a i nt i n g a r e b ot h d o ne a l o ne. O ne s t a n d s t he r e a l o ne w it h a c l ot h w a it i n g ; b e h i n d o r i n f r o nt of t he c l ot h i s s o m e t h i n g mo n s t r ou s t o w h ic h we h ave t o g ive m e a n i n g ( ? ) o r fo r m ( ? ) b e fo r e it c r u s he s u s .
TIME
T i m e g ive s s h a p e t o r hy t h m . T he s ou n d s of p a i nt i n g r e s e m bl e t he s ou n d of b e l l s t h a t s w i n g b a c k a n d fo r t h . At times, just the sound that rings forth, but not its return. I n t he e n d , you p a i nt w h a t you k now ( o r w h a t you’ ve fo r g ot t e n you k ne w) . W h a t c a n’t b e s a i d . I h ave a fe e l i n g t h a t t he s a m e t h i n g h a p p e n s w it h bu l l f i g ht i n g. ( Pe r fo r m a n c e, t r ic k , b a r r ie r… P a r a d oxe s of a n a r t t h a t , ju s t l i k e p a i nt i n g, i s a ny t h i n g but s u bt l e ) . O n t he c o nt r a r y, it ’s a n a r t of e xc e s s .
R ESTR A I N T
R e s t r a i nt t h a t e xc e e d s .
M uc h a s i n bu l l f i g ht i n g, you d o n’t p a i nt w it h i d e a s . P a i nt i n g o c c u r s ; it g o e s b e yo n d i d e a s , a t o nc e c o nt r a d ic t i n g t he m a n d c r e a t i n g t he m . T h a t ’s w hy s i l e nt a r t s c r e a t e s o m a ny wo r d s . B u l l f i g ht i n g a n d p a i nt i n g a r e s i m i l a r i n t h a t r e s p e c t . T he y b ot h c r e a t e ve r b o s it y, a s i f t he i r ow n s i l e nc e (t he y a r e t he f r u it s of s ol it u d e a n d s i l e nc e ) we r e s o u n b e a r a bl e t h a t t he y ne e d d a nc e move s a n d i n f i n it e p a g e s of t e x t . E xo r c i s m s of b e d a z z l e m e nt . U l t i m a t e l y, it ’s a s i m pl e i s s ue, l i k e a b i r d e a t i n g a nt s in a skull. PEPE
Pe p e H i l l o i nt r o duc e d t he c l o c k i n bu l l f i g ht i n g, muc h a s M a s a c c io i nt r o duc e d t he v a n i s h i n g p o i nt i n p a i nt i n g. T he y a r e l i m it s t o b e e xc e e d e d . T he t r a n s c e n d e nt m a s que r a d e.
AS
A s w it h bu l l f i g ht i n g, p a i nt i n g d o e s not r e p r e s e nt t h i n g s . It no l o n g e r a n a c t of r e p r e s e nt a t io n . Pe r h a p s , i n d e e d mo s t l i k e l y, t he bu l l s d i d r e p r e s e nt v a nqu i s he d fe a r s , e ve n t hou g h t he y d i d n’t k now it . Pe r h a p s now, he r e, s o m e bu l l f i g ht e r s , s o m e p a i nt i n g, s o m e mu s ic r e p r e s e nt s o m e t h i n g t h a t , l i k e a l l g r e a t a r t , t ouc he s u s d e e pl y but w h ic h we a r e u n a bl e t o d e f i ne.
W H AT
W h a t c a n a p a i nt e r s ay a b out bu l l f i g ht i n g ? E s p e c i a l l y a p a i nt e r, a n d fo r g ive my p r e t e nt io n ,
w ho k now s o n l y t h a t t he r e i s not h i n g t o s ay. T he r e i s pl e nt y t o p a i nt , a n d t o bu l l f i g ht . T h a t ’s w h a t I ho p e. RONDA M a l a ga , J u l y 19 9 5 NOTHI NG N ot h i n g i s w h a t it s e e m s . T he s e b r ie f p a g e s we r e my not e s fo r a c o n fe r e nc e o n A r t a n d B u l l f i g ht i n g i n R o n d a , i n w h ic h A nt o n io O r d o ñe z i nv it e d m e t o p a r t ic ip a t e a n d w it h w ho m I d e b a t e a f t e r w a r d s . I c a n’t r e m e m b e r a t h i n g a b out it . T he r e we r e no r e c o r d i n g s m a d e. I k now t h a t a f t e r w a r d s ( a n d m ay b e b e fo r e ) we h a d a l ot t o d r i n k . I k now we a r g ue d a n d t h a t O r d o ñe z h a d b e c a m e m a l e vol e nt w it h w i ne. I k now he t o o k u s t o a f a r m t e s t ou r m e t t l e. H e g ave m e a l it t l e c a p e, l e t l o o s e a c r a z y you n g fou r -ye a r - ol d bu l l , but t h a t ’s a l l I r e m e m b e r, e xc e pt t h a t L . F. E s p a l á s ave d my s k i n b y g e t t i n g t he t h i n g of f m e. I t hou g ht t he bu l l w a s bl e e d i n g b e c a u s e t he r e w a s f r e s h bl o o d o n t he ye l l ow s i d e of t he c a p e, but it w a s my bl o o d ! T he bu l l h a d s c r a t c he d my l e f t h a n d w it hout m e e ve n not ic i n g. I st i l l have t he sca r. I look at it now but ca n’t remember a t h i n g.
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A N E X E R C I S E I N B E DA Z Z L E M E N T
s o r t of s u bl i m e m a t t e r, of l iv i n g b e i n g. A n d , f r o m t h a t t i m e o nw a r d , I s t a r t e d t o t h i n k t h a t I h a d a c o m m it m e nt t o t h a t m a t t e r, a m a t t e r t h a t I h a d g r ow n up w it h s i nc e I w a s ju s t a c h i l d a n d t h a t I u n d e r s t o o d . I u n d e r s t o o d t he e t h ic a l c o m m it m e nt r e qu i r e d t o t u r n t h a t m a t t e r i nt o s o m e t h i n g s u bl i m e, s o I t ol d my s e l f : “ You r o n l y o pt io n i s t o b e c o m e a bu l l f i g ht e r ”.
L u i s Fr a n c i s c o E s p l á a n d M i q u e l B a r c e l ó
[ Tr a nscr ipt of t he encou nter- debate bet ween t he pa i nter M iquel Ba rceló a nd t he bu l l f ig hter Lu is Fr a ncisco E spl á, wh ich took pl ace on 18 M ay 20 02 , du r i ng t he f i f t iet h a n n iver sa r y of Nî mes Fa i r, org a n i zed by t he L a ng uedoc-Roussi l lon Reg ion a l Cu lt u re C om m it tee a nd moder ated by t he w r iter Fr a ncis M a r m a nde. ]
M I QU E L B A R C E L Ó I d o n’t a c t u a l l y h ave m a ny bu l l f i g ht e r f r ie n d s . I k now C u r r o R o m e r o a n d a fe w ot he r s , but L u i s Fr a nc i s c o i s d e f i n it e l y t he bu l l f i g ht e r I fe e l c l o s e s t t o, a n d t h a t ’s b e c a u s e of p a i nt i n g… I n t he bu l l f i g ht i n g wo r l d t he r e i s a l ot of t a l k , but t he r e a r e s o m e t h i n g s t h a t a r e ne ve r s a i d . B ot h L u i s Fr a nc i s c o a n d I a r e i nt e r e s t e d i n t he r e l a t io n s h ip b e t we e n ou r wo r k , i n u n d e r s t a n d i n g t h a t mo m e nt w he n t h i n g s t r a n s fo r m a n d t u r n i nt o a r t . We’r e b ot h i nt e r e s t e d i n u n d e r s t a n d i n g w hy bu l l f i g ht i n g i s d e e m e d a n a r t w he n , a t m a ny p o i nt s , t h i s i s c l e a r l y not t he c a s e : a bu l l f i g ht e r c a n f i g ht m a ny bu l l s w it hout a r t e ve r e ve n e nt e r i n g i nt o it . T he s a m e a p pl ie s t o p a i nt i n g : w he n it d o e s n’t wo r k , it i s ju s t a bl u r o n c a nv a s . B ut , o ne d ay, w it hout e x pl a n a t io n , it b e c o m e s a r t a n d e ve r yo ne r e c o g n i s e s it a s s uc h . LU I S F R A N C I S C O E S P L Á I b e c a m e a bu l l f i g ht e r b y c h a n c e. I ’m p r o b a bl y a bu l l f i g ht e r b e c a u s e I ’m a b a d p a i nt e r ! I s t u d ie d F i ne A r t b e c a u s e I w a nt e d t o b e a p a i nt e r. I s t a r t e d out i n bu l l f i g ht i n g a t a ve r y you n g a g e b e c a u s e my f a t he r, w ho t o o k c a r e of bu l l o c k s , w a s t he he a d of a bu l l f i g ht i n g s c ho ol a n d b r e d bu l l s … I w a s a l w ay s p a r t of t h a t wo r l d , but t he r e w a s a p o i nt a t w h ic h I ’d h a d e nou g h of it . I s t a r t e d t o l o a t he it a l l , f i r s t b e c a u s e I cou ld n’t qu ite get my head a rou nd it, but m a i n ly because I d i d n’t s e e w hy I h a d t o b e c o m e a bu l l f i g ht e r t o o. MB
You we r e bu l l f i g ht i n g r e g u l a r l y b y t he a g e of t we l ve.
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Ye s , but I ’m t a l k i n g a b out b e fo r e t h a t . W he n I w a s f ive o r s i x , my f a t he r t o o k m e a r ou n d t he l o c a l t ow n s a n d I w a s c o m pl e t e l y i m m e r s e d i n t he bu l l f i g ht i n g wo r l d . W he n I w a s a r ou n d t we l ve, t hou g h , I s a i d t o my s e l f : “ H a n g o n a mo m e nt , I d o n’t l i k e a ny of t h i s ! I d o n’t u n d e r s t a n d a t h i n g, e it he r ! ” D o you k now w h a t s ave d m e ? A t s o m e p o i nt I r e a l i s e d t h a t bu l l s , i n e s s e nc e, we r e a fo r m of m a t t e r. It w a s a r e ve l a t io n fo r m e : bu l l s we r e n’t t he r e t o b e t r ic k e d a n d k i l l e d ; t h a t w a s n’t w h a t it w a s a b out . I r e a l i s e d t h a t bu l l s we r e a
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T he y g ive you a ne w w ay of l o o k i n g a t you r wo r k . Fo r i n s t a nc e, I h a d a ve r y o d d e x p e r ie nc e w it h you . Eve r yo ne k now s t h a t bu l l s move i n a p a r t ic u l a r w ay. I nt u it ive l y you c a n s e n s e it , but it ’s r e a l l y h a r d t o u n d e r s t a n d p r e c i s e l y how it wo r k s . O ne n i g ht he r e i n N î m e s , you we r e t a l k i n g t o m e a b out c i r c l e s . You a s k e d m e i f a bu l l f i g ht e r, w he n he m a k e s a move, d r aw s p e r fe c t c i r c l e s b a s e d o n how t he c a p e s w i r l s a n d how t he bu l l c i r c l e s you , a n d i f h i s u n mov i n g fe e t t r a c e d a s o r t of c r a t e r a s t he y we nt a r ou n d … A t t h a t mo m e nt , I t hou g ht it w a s t he c h a m p a g ne t a l k i n g. Eve n s o, I t o o k
not e of t ho s e i d e a s a n d put t he m t o o ne s i d e, t h i n k i n g t h a t t he y wou l d b e u s e f u l a t s o m e p o i nt . T he n , o ne mo r n i n g, s o m e t h i n g f u n ny h a p p e ne d : I w a s i n t he f ie l d i n f r o nt of my f a r m , t he r e w a s b r i g ht , i m m a c u l a t e s u n s h i ne… MB
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... a n d I s t a r t e d t o p r a c t ic e d i f fe r e nt move s . P r a c t ic e bu l l f i g ht i n g i s t he c l o s e s t you c a n g e t t o p e r fe c t bu l l f i g ht i n g b e c a u s e t he r e’s no bu l l t he r e t o d i s t u r b you r fo r m . I k e pt g o i n g t i l l I fe l t e x h a u s t e d a n d w a nt e d t o r e s t . I s a t d ow n a n d l o o k e d a t t he f l o o r a n d s a i d t o my s e l f : “ D a m n ! T h a t b a s t a r d w a s r i g ht ! ” It w a s a l l c l e a r l y d r aw n out o n t he g r ou n d : t he c i r c l e s , t he c r a t e r, t he c a p e’s move m e nt s , w h ic h r e s e m bl e t he bu l l’s move m e nt s . It w a s a l l t he r e ! S i nc e t he n , I ’ ve u n d e r s t o o d t h a t c i r c l e s , c u r ve s a n d bu l l f i g ht i n g a r e a b s ol ut e l y c o n ne c t e d . B u l l f i g ht i n g, i n it s e s s e nc e, s hou l d c o n fo r m t o t h a t p r i n c ipl e.
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M o d e r n bu l l f i g ht i n g s t a r t s w it h c u r ve s . You d i d n’t s e e it b e c a u s e you we r e i n t he r i n g ! A t t he e n d of t he f i g ht , b e fo r e t he y c l e a n t he r i n g, t he t h i n g you s e e mo s t i s t he c u r ve d l e f t i n t he g r ou n d w he n t he y d r a g out t he d e a d bu l l . You a l s o g e t a p e r fe c t v ie w of t he m a r k s l e f t e a c h t i m e t he bu l l f i g ht e r l e t s t he bu l l g o p a s t h i m … It d e p e n d s o n t he s u r f a c e, but t he m e m o r y of t he bu l l f i g ht i s i n s c r i b e d o n t he g r ou n d , w he r e it ’s v i s i bl e t o t ho s e w ho k now how t o r e a d it .
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T h a t ’s s uc h a n i m p o r t a nt w ay of s e e i n g it . I n t he bu l l f i g ht i n g wo r l d , no b o d y e ve n t h i n k s a b out t h i n g s l i k e t h a t . A s a bu l l f i g ht e r, w it h a bu l l f i g ht e r ’s m e nt a l it y, it wou l d ne ve r h ave o c c u r r e d t o m e t o r e t r a c e t he bu l l’s move m e nt s t h r ou g h t he t r a c e s it l e f t o n t he g r ou n d . I fo c u s e d o n ot he r t h i n g s , t h a t we r e m o r e i m p o r t a nt t o m e.
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T ho s e w ho l e ave t r a c e s d o not s e e t he m . W he n I ’ ve p a i nt e d bu l l f i g ht i n g s c e ne s , I ’ ve a t t e m pt e d t o e x p r e s s t ho s e t h i n g s , t r a c e s , l e f t ove r s , s p a c e s , a n d I t hou g ht a b out w h a t p e o pl e s ay a b out m o d e r n bu l l f i g ht i n g, a b out B e l mo nt e, a n d t he i d e a t h a t mo d e r n bu l l f i g ht i n g s t a r t e d w it h c u r ve s . It ’s t he e qu iv a l e nt of C u b i s m i n p a i nt i n g o r E i n s t e i n’s c u r ve d s p a c e i n p hy s ic s : it ’s t he e n d of we m i g ht c a l l “ R o m a n” o r l i ne a r bu l l f i g ht i n g.
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Ye s , t h a t w a s a l i ne a r s t y l e of bu l l f i g ht i n g, w he r e t he bu l l a n d t he bu l l f i g ht e r ’s s p a c e s d i d n’t c o i nc i d e.
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T he r e we r e ju s t s e qu e n c e s w he r e t he bu l l a n d bu l l f i g ht e r i nt e r s e c t e d ; a s uc c e s s io n of s e que nc e s , l i k e i n a f i l m . B e l mo nt e w a s t he f i r s t t o c h a n g e t h a t s t y l e, t he f i r s t t o t u r n i n c i r c l e s , a n d t o m a k e t he bu l l g o r ou n d i n c i r c l e s t o o. I n a s e n s e, t he r i n g a l s o m i r r o r s t h a t c i r c u l a r s h a p e a n d r e s e m bl e s a c r a t e r. H e r e i n N î m e s , it ’s d i f fe r e nt b e c a u s e t he r i n g i s ov a l - s h a p e d . I w a s t h i n k i n g a b out you r b a n d e r i l l a d r aw i n g s . A fe w ye a r s b a c k i n B a r c e l o n a , you s howe d m e t he p ic t u r e s i n w h ic h , i f I r e m e m b e r r i g ht l y, you d r e w t he r i n g, t he bu l l a n d t he bu l l f i g ht e r ’s t r aj e c t o r ie s , a n d t he i r m e e t i n g p o i nt , w he n t he bu l l f i g ht e r s t ic k s t he b a n d e r i l l a s i nt o t he bu l l’s ne c k . It ’s l i k e a s k e t c h b y a n a r c h it e c t o r t he s t o r y b o a r d fo r a f i l m . It m a d e m e wo n d e r i f he r e i n N î m e s , t he f a c t t h a t t he r i n g s a r e ov a l - s h a p e d m a d e you c h a n g e you r bu l l f i g ht i n g s t y l e.
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T he r e’s s o m e t h i n g e l s e r e l a t e d t o t he c i r c l e : bu l l s a l s o move i n c i r c l e s . B e yo n d t he p e n — t he i r p r e fe r r e d g r ou n d fo r s e e k i n g r e f u g e — , i n t he r i n g bu l l s c r e a t e c i r c u l a r t e r r a i n s t h a t move t ow a r d o ne e d g e of t he r i n g a n d aw ay f r o m t he ot he r. T he s e a r e c e nt r i f u g a l t e r r a i n s w h ic h e n a bl e t he m t o e x p e l a ny t h i n g t h a t a t t e m pt s t o e nt e r t h a t c i r c l e, t h a t p ie c e of g r ou n d t he y c l a i m a s t he i r ow n . N î m e s c a l l s fo r a d i f fe r e nt r e a d i n g, t hou g h , s i nc e e ve r y t h i n g t h a t h a p p e n s i n t he r i n g i s g ove r ne d b y it s’ ov a l s h a p e, a n d t he r e c o m e s a p o i nt w he n t he s p a c e s t he bu l l s e l e c t s o n o ne s i d e o r t he ot he r of t he r i n g s e e m s a fe r a n d c l e a r e r t o h i m . I n t he bu l l’s m i n d , t ho s e s p a c e s a r e, s o t o s p e a k , r e i n fo r c e d . T h i s m e a n s , howe ve r, t h a t w he n a bu l l g e t s i nt o t r ou bl e, he s t a r t s g o i n g r ou n d i n c i r c l e s . H e’s l i k e a c r a n k y k i d : you h ave t o move h i m i nt o a d i f fe r e nt e nv i r o n m e nt s o he s t o p s b e i n g t r ic k y. You h ave t o t a k e h i m out of t he t e r r a i n w he r e he fe l t c o r ne r e d s o he s t o p s b e i n g ho s t i l e ; t h a t w ay he l e a r n s s o m e m a n ne r s . T he s a m e a p pl ie s t o bu l l s : w he n t he bu l l’s g o i n g r ou n d i n c i r c l e s , you h ave t o f i n d t he mo s t ne ut r a l g r ou n d p o s s i bl e t o d r aw h i m out of it . A t t he s a m e t i m e, t he bu l l f i g ht e r h a s t o d e c i d e how t o u s e t he b a r r ie r. H e r e i n N î m e s , t he p r o bl e m i s t h a t b e c a u s e t he r i n g i s ov a l s h a p e d , t he b a r r ie r i s n’t a s c l o s e. T h a t ’s a l s o a n i s s ue w he n you g e t a d o c i l e bu l l . T he y ’r e l i k e s hy k i d s ; t he y ’r e a b it s t up i d , w a nt t o
g e ne r a t e t he i d e a s , a n d t h a t i nvol ve s r i s k s . It ’s l i k e s o m e t h i n g t h a t h a s it s ow n e ne r g y. T he i d e a s a r e p r o duc e d o n t he c a nv a s , a n d you u n d e r s t a n d t he m a f t e r w a r d s , d e p e n d i n g o n w he t he r t he y t a k e f l i g ht o r not . You o n l y r e a l i s e w he n you’ ve e r a s e d t he p a i nt i n g o r d e s t r oye d it . T h a t h a p p e n s a l ot a n d it ’s o n l y t he n t h a t you u n d e r s t a n d how wo n d e r f u l it w a s ! I ’ ve of t e n fe l t t o o e x h a u s t e d t o d e s t r oy a p a i nt i n g a n d t he ne x t d ay I ’ ve r e a l i s e d t h a t t he r e i s a c t u a l l y a n i d e a t he r e. T h a t ’s of t e n t he r e s u l t of t he m a t e r i a l c o m i n g t o g e t he r a n d of p hy s ic a l l aw s , s uc h a s g r av it y. T he p he no m e nol o g y of p a i nt i n g i s a ve r y m a t e r i a l t h i n g ; ju s t l i k e bu l l f i g ht i n g c a n b e t o o, r i g ht ?
e s t a bl i s h a b o n d , b e i n a n ic e e nv i r o n m e nt , a n d h ave t he i r p e r s o n a l it y a f f i r m e d b y a l l m e a n s . N î m e s i s n’t a b a d pl a c e fo r a d o c i l e bu l l b e c a u s e he h a s t he e nt i r e r i n g t o h i m s e l f he r e. U l t i m a t e l y, bu l l f i g ht i n g i s n’t mo r e c o m pl ic a t e d i n N î m e s ( it ’s a m a z i n g ! ), but w he n you g e t a d i f f ic u l t bu l l , t he ov a l p o s e s a c h a l l e n g e. MB
O n a m e nt a l l e ve l , a r e you aw a r e t h a t you’r e f i g ht i n g i n a n ov a l - s h a p e d r i n g o r d o you k e e p t h i n k i n g of it like a circle ?
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I t h i n k of it a s a c ic l e. L i k e you s a i d , t he c i r c l e i s n’t ju s t a n i d e a i n s i d e t he bu l l’s he a d ; it a l s o g e ne r a t e s a t e n s io n b e t we e n d i f fe r e nt fo r c e s , ju s t a s h a p p e n s i n a r c h it e c t u r e a n d ot he r f ie l d s . H ow d o you b r e a k a ho r s e ? I n a c i r c l e. T h i s p r ove s t h a t c i r c l e s c r e a t e t he s e n s a t io n of s u b m it t i n g t o fo r c e. A l l t ho s e fo r c e s a r e t he r e, a l b e it l a t e nt l y. T h a t ’s w hy t he l o n g e r t he f i n a l s t a g e of t he bu l l f i g ht l a s t s w it h t he m u l e t a [t he f i n a l c a p e u s e d i n t he f i g ht] , t he mo r e e xc it i n g it i s . T he c i r c l e b e c o m e s i nc r e a s i n g l y p e r fe c t a n d s e e m s l i k e it ’s s u s p e n d e d out of t i m e.
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A c i r c l e i s c r e a t e d , but it ’s l i k e a t h r e e - d i m e n s io n a l bl ot . We t e n d t o t h i n k of it a s a t wo - d i m e n s io n a l m a r k o n t he f l a t s u r f a c e of t he r i n g, but it ’s a c t u a l l y a s o r t of t h r e e - d i m e n s io n a l s k e t c h .
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T h a t ’s a b s ol ut e l y t he c a s e. W h a t I s e e i n t he bu l l f i g ht i n g r i n g i s t he w i l l of m a t t e r. T he r e, you h ave t o i nc o r p o r a t e t he bu l l’s w i l l i nt o t he c r e a t ive p r o c e s s , a n d t h a t m e a n s t h a t you h ave t o a d d r e s s m a t t e r t h r ou g h t he a r t of bu l l f i g ht i n g. F i r s t c o m e s m a t t e r ; t he n c o m e t e c h n ique s fo r c o nt r ol l i n g it ; t he n , i f you’r e l uc k y, w h ic h i s n’t a l w ay s t he c a s e, you c a n put you r s t a m p o n it , l e t you r i n s p i r a t io n e x p r e s s it s e l f . M o s t bu l l f i g ht s s t o p a t t he d i a l o g ue b e t we e n m a t t e r a n d t e c h n ique, w it hout r e a c h i n g t he s u bl i m e l e ve l of bu l l f i g ht i n g, w h ic h i s w he r e o ne’s p e r s o n a l s t y l e c o m e s i nt o pl ay.
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W it h bu l l f i g ht i n g, you a l w ay s h ave t he e xc u s e t h a t you g ot u n l uc k y w it h t he bu l l … W it h p a i nt i n g, it ’s h a r d e r t o u s e t h a t e xc u s e. It ’s a l w ay s t he p a i nt e r ’s f a u l t ! W he n it a l l g o e s we l l , it ’s not d ow n t o you ; it ’s a s i f s o me t h i n g e me r g e d f r o m you . You c a n’t fe e l e nt i r e l y p r ou d of t h a t b e c a u s e t he s e a r e t h i n g s t h a t c o m e t o you a n d e m e r g e t h r ou g h you . T h i s m e a n s t h a t w he n it g o e s w r o n g, it ’s a l w ay s you r f a u l t .
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T h a t ’s r i g ht ; it s hou l d b e t h r e e - d i m e n s io n a l . It ’s g o o d w he n you c a r r y o n u nt i l you f i n a l l y g e t a c i r c l e. You d o n’t a l w ay s m a n a g e it ; it d e p e n d s o n t he g r ou n d m a t e r i a l t o o, w h ic h m i g ht a c t i n you r f avou r o r not . I ’ ve l e a r nt a l ot f r o m M ique l b e c a u s e he i s o b s e s s e d w it h t he g r ou n d m a t e r i a l ; he ne ve r s t o p s l o o k i n g fo r fo r m s , fo r mu l a s , p i g m e nt s …
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I m a g i ne i f you c ou l d i nve nt you r ow n bu l l s …
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T he r e you g o : m a t t e r m a k e s m e s u f fe r, it l i m it s my e nt i r e c r e a t ive p r o c e s s . A ny a r t i s t ’s c r e a t ive p r o c e s s g e ne r a l l y s t a r t s w it h a n i d e a . T he n , u s i n g c r a f t , you e n d up o r g a n i s i n g m a t t e r.
I f o n l y bu l l s c ou l d m a k e a f i n a l c o n fe s s io n b e fo r e d y i n g…
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Q u it e, m a k e s o m e c o m m e nt ...
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E x a c t l y ! T he y c ou l d h a n d ove r t he m ic r o p ho ne a n d a s k : “ S o, w h a t d i d you t h i n k ? ” Wou l d n’t t h a t b e g r e a t ? S o m e bu l l s wou l d s ay : “O h , t h a t f uc k e r ! ” [ L a u g ht e r] Tr ut h b e t ol d , s o m e t i m e s t he r e a r e bu l l s t h a t s e e m misunderstood.
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We l l , p a i nt i n g s s o m e t i m e s g ive b i r t h t o i d e a s , r a t he r t h a n t he ot he r w ay r ou n d . Eve r y t i m e I ’ ve m a d e a p a i nt i n g b a s e d o n a n i d e a , it ’s b e e n a f a i l u r e. Fo r e ve r y t h i n g t o wo r k , it ’s t he p a i nt i n g t h a t h a s t o
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Tr ue, but I wou l d r a t he r p r e s e r ve t ho s e d i f fe r e nc e s . A d o c i l e bu l l i s o ne t h a t h a s t h a t fe r o c it y i n s i d e h i m ; he w i l l c h a n g e du r i n g t he f i g ht a n d w i l l b r i n g g r e a t s p i r it t o it , no d ou bt a b out it . It ’s l i k e a b i g c a nv a s t h a t s ay s t o you : “ C o m e o n , l e t ’s s e e w h a t you’r e m a d e of a n d how you put a l l t h i s i nt o o r d e r ”. T h a t ’s w hy t h a t bu l l f i g ht e r s d o n’t ne c e s s a r i l y l i k e t h a t t y p e of bu l l , b e c a u s e a u d ie nc e s e n d up l i k i n g t he i r v i g ou r a n d a b i l it y.
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W h a t s t r i k e s you w he n you s e e t he bu l l s f r o m t he ol d d ay s i n e n g r av i n g s o r ol d p hot o s , o r i n C o s s ío [ a l e g e n d a r y c ol l e c t io n of b o o k s o n bu l l f i g ht i n g, pu bl i s he d i n 19 4 3 b y t he c r it ic Jo s é M a r í a d e C o s s io ] , fo r i n s t a nc e, i s t h a t t he y l o o k ve r y d i f fe r e nt f r o m e a c h ot he r : t he r e a r e b i g bu l l s , s m a l l bu l l s . T he y c h a n g e a l ot . B e fo r e t he bu l l c a m e r u n n i n g out , p e o pl e mu s t h ave wo n d e r e d : “ W h a t w i l l he b e l i k e ? W h a t ’ l l he d o ? ” N ow, t hou g h , I t h i n k it ’s a l l a b it p r e d ic t a bl e. Fo r i n s t a nc e, ye s t e r d ay I s aw a bu l l f i g ht he r e w it h D o m i n g o H e r n á n d e z’s bu l l s , a n d t he y we r e a l l r e a l l y s i m i l a r. T he r e a r e nu a nc e s , of c ou r s e, a f i f t e e n o r t we nt y k i l o we i g ht d i f fe r e nc e, s o m e b i g g e r t h a n ot he r s …
T he f u n ny t h i n g i s t h a t you’r e not t he p r o duc t of bu l l f i g ht i n g s c ho ol : you’r e t he p r o duc t of t he S c ho ol of F i ne A r t , w h ic h h a s b e e n a n i m p o r t a nt p a r t of you r l i fe. N e ve r t he l e s s , you’r e k now n fo r you r v a s t k now l e d g e of bu l l f i g ht i n g a n d it s h i s t o r y, e ve n t hou g h you we r e n’t fo r m a l l y t r a i ne d . I h ave t he i m p r e s s io n t h a t a l l fo r m a l l y t r a i ne d bu l l f i g ht e r s r e s e m bl e e a c h ot he r. I g ue s s t h a t h a p p e n s w it h a l l a r t s : t he r e’s a t o n of s i m i l a r p e o pl e a n d a fe w w ho s t a n d out .
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W h a t h a p p e ne d t o m e i s w h a t a l w ay s h a p p e n s w it h a r t . T he r e w a s a t i m e w he n p e o pl e we r e i nt e r e s t e d i n f u n d a m e nt a l i s s ue s : t he y s t u d ie d t he bu l l , t he r i n g ; t he r e w a s a g e nu i ne o b s e s s io n w it h r i n g s , a s i f t h a t we r e t he g e ne s i s of bu l l f i g ht i n g. T he r e’ ve b e e n s i m i l a r p e r io d s i n p a i nt i n g, w he n p e o pl e we nt b a c k t o b a s ic s , t o t he e s s e nc e of m a t t e r it s e l f . It s e e m s t h a t ’s a fo r m of k now l e d g e t h a t a l w ay s e n d s up d i s a p p e a r i n g.
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Ye s , t he r e a r e nu a nc e s .
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B ut you c a n’t s p ot a ny b i g d i f fe r e nc e s b e t we e n t he m . D o n’t you g e t t he i m p r e s s io n t h a t t h i s h a s c h a n g e d a n d t h a t p e o pl e d o a l l t he y t o m a k e bu l l s s i m i l a r ?
It ’s t he t a bu l a r a s a e f fe c t ; e ve r y t h i n g g e t s que s t io ne d . W h a t ne e d i s t he r e fo r s t r uc t u r e ? W hy a c a nv a s ? W hy p a i nt o n a r e c t a n g u l a r c a nv a s ? It ’s a que s t io n of r e i nve nt i n g e ve r y t h i n g.
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T he r e h ave b e e n ot he r p e r io d s , a s you k now, M ique l , w he n w h a t m a t t e r e d w a s t he r e s u l t . Pe o pl e we r e o n l y i nt e r e s t e d i n t he e n d r e s u l t , but w he n you s t a r t a t t he e n d , t he r e’s o n l y e ve r a s ho r t j ou r ne y. T he s a m e a p pl ie s t o bu l l f i g ht i n g. W he n you s t a r t w it h t he e n d , t h a t i s , t he move m e nt s t o t he l e f t a n d r i g ht , o n l y a ve r y s ho r t r out e r e m a i n s .
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T h a t ’s r i g ht . T h a t s u m s up b a r o que bu l l f i g ht i n g, a s it ’s c a l l e d . I n ot he r c a s e s , t e c h n ique i s s t r ip p e d b a c k t o b a s ic s . You c a n r e a d bu l l f i g ht i n g a n d a r t h i s t o r y, t he h i s t o r y of mu s ic a n d l it e r a t u r e, s i d e b y s i d e : t he r e h a s b e e n s t r uc t u r a l i s m , p o s t- s t r uc t u r a l i s m , a n d d e -
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Ye s , b e c a u s e t he r e’s a t wofol d i s s ue : you h ave t o u n d e r s t a n d t h a t a n i m a l m a t t e r a n d t r y not t o hu r t it t o o muc h s o it c a n e x p r e s s it s e l f .
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E x a c t l y : o ne of t he s i n g u l a r it ie s of t h a t m a t t e r i s t h a t it h a s a w i l l of it s ow n . A n d i f you d o n’t i nc o r p o r a t e t h a t a n i m a l w i l l i nt o you r wo r k , it no l o n g e r m a k e s s e n s e.
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T h a t ’s r i g ht ; it ’s m e r e l y t he o r e t ic a l .
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I f we d o n’t l e t t he bu l l e xe r c i s e h i s w i l l , t he n he i s r e duc e d t o i ne r t m a t t e r.
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It ’s a p p e a r a nc e s t h a t c ou nt now, muc h a s i n t he m a r k e t pl a c e. Fa n s a r e fo ol e d b y he av y we i g ht bu l l s , b i g ho r n s o r a n d i s p r o p o r t io n a t e b o d y. It ’s t he s a m e s t o r y w it h f r u it : s o m e t i m e s you buy g r e a t- l o o k i n g f r u it i n t he s up e r m a r k e t a n d w he n you b it e i nt o it , it ’s t a s t e l e s s . R i g ht ne x t t o it , you’ l l f i n d f r u it t h a t d o e s n’t s e l l b e c a u s e it ’s u g l y, but t h a t t a s t e s d e l ic iou s . T he s a m e a p pl ie s t o bu l l s : s e l e c t io n p r o c e s s e s h ave s t r ip p e d t he m of t he i r fe r o c it y. It ’s h a r d t o t e l l , b e c a u s e it ’s ve r y s u bt l e.
s u bl i m a t e d s o t h a t it c a n r e a l l y g e t c l o s e t o t he a l mo s t- m i r a c u l ou s . We’ ve t a l k e d a b out t he bu l l’s g r ou n d move m e nt s , t he w ay he t w i s t s a n d t u r n s , c ho o s i n g o ne s p a c e ove r a not he r ; t he r e’s a we l l - k now n c a s e t h a t m a k e s t he bu l l s t ic k c l o s e t o t he g a t e of t he bu l l p e n , a s i f he we r e c o n ne c t e d t o it b y a n u m b i l ic a l c o r d t h a t put s h i m i n c o nt a c t w it h a wo r l d w he r e he r e c o g n i z e s h i m s e l f . It ’s a s o r t of c o n ne c t io n t o t he m a t e r n a l wo r l d . T he r e a r e ot he r a t t a c h m e nt s t h a t e m e r g e a s t he bu l l s e t s out h i s t e r r a i n i n t he r i n g, a n d we’ ve s e e n how t h a t c a n c h a n g e du r i n g t he bu l l f i g ht . H e s p i n s o n h i s l e g s , l it e r a l l y r e p e l l i n g e ve r y t h i n g t h a t e nt e r s h i s t e r r it o r y : I c ou l d s p ot it e ve r y t i m e, i d e nt i f y w he n t he bu l l i s g o i n g t o t a k e of f , o r, i f I g o t h i s w ay, I k now he wo n’t bu d g e. A l mo s t a nyo ne c a n s p ot t ho s e t h i n g s i n t he r i n g. W he n t he bu l l s t a r t s s p i n n i n g i n c e nt r i f u g a l move m e nt s a n d r e p e l l i n g a ny t h i n g t h a t c o m e s ne a r h i m , you h ave t o t r a n s fo r m t h a t i nt o c e nt r ip e t a l move m e nt s : t he bu l l f i g ht e r e n g a g e s t he mu l e t a , e nt e r s t h a t s p a c e a n d t a k e s c h a r g e of it , t he n w he n t he bu l l c h a r g e s t he bu l l f i g ht e r i s i n t he c e nt r e of h i s s p a c e. W he n t he bu l l r e a l i s e s a hu m a n h a s t a k e n ove r h i s mo s t i nt i m a t e s p a c e, he r e a c t s i n a ve r y o b v iou s w ay, u s u a l l y b y r e p e l l i n g t he ho s t i l e e l e m e nt . T h a t g e ne r a t e s a n i nve r s io n , m a k i n g move m e nt c e nt r ip e t a l i n s t e a d of c e nt r i f u g a l . T h i s i s a b a s ic p r i nc ipl e of bu l l f i g ht i n g. N o m a t t e r how muc h e x p e r t i s e t he bu l l f i g ht e r h a s , w he n t h i s i nve r s io n o c c u r s , it move s p e o pl e : t h a t i s t r ue bu l l f i g ht i n g. T he pu bl ic m i g ht not b e a bl e t o p e r c e ive t he m e c h a n i s m , but t he f a c t t h a t t he y g e t e xc it e d p r ove s t h a t a s h i f t h a s o c c u r r e d b e t we e n t he bu l l f i g ht e r a n d t he bu l l’s t e r r a i n s .
s t r uc t u r a l i s m . T he r e i s a l w ay s a b a c k- a n d -fo r t h move m e nt b e t we e n c l a s s ic a l a n d b a r o que s t y l e s . S o m e t i m e s , w it hout e ve n r e a l i s i n g it , bu l l f i g ht e r s u s e a b a r o que a n d e ve n r o c o c o s t y l e ! LFE
T he r e’s s o m e t h i n g e l s e t h a t p e o pl e d o n’t s e e : w he n we t a l k a b out t r a i n i n g, we’r e r e a l l y t a l k i n g a b out a e s t he t ic s . Pe o pl e t a l k a b out t he A n d a l uc i a n s c ho ol of bu l l f i g ht i n g, fo r i n s t a nc e, but t he n a t u r e of a s c ho ol a n d w h a t d i s t i n g u i s he s it f r o m a not he r s c ho ol r e s i d e s i n how it s t r uc t u r e s t he bu l l f i g ht i n g s t y l e a n d m a n a g e s t he r i n g. A e s t he t ic s a r e t he f i n a l p ol i s h , a n d t he r e a r e s e ve r a l s t y l e s , s uc h a s t he S e v i l l i a n s t y l e, a mo n g ot he r s , but p e o pl e c o n f u s e t h i n g s a n d now, i n p a r t ic u l a r, t he r e i s a ve r y s e r iou s c o n f u s io n a b out s t y l e. T he r e a r e bu l l f i g ht e r s w ho a r e ve r y C a s t i l i a n i n t he i r a p p r o a c h t o, u s e a n d d i s t r i but io n of t he r i n g, but p e o pl e s t i l l r e fe r t o t he m a s S e v i l l i a n bu l l f i g ht e r s ! T he s a m e h a p p e n s i n p a i nt i n g, d o e s n’t it ?
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I n p a i nt i n g, t he p r o bl e m i s w he n p e o pl e a s k you w h a t you’r e d o i n g. “ W h a t a r e you p a i nt i n g ? ”, t he y a s k . H ow c a n you a n s we r t h a t ?
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It ’s l i k e w he n I g e t a s k e d : “ W h a t t y p e of bu l l f i g ht i n g d o you l i k e, t hou g h ? ” T he p r o bl e m i s , I d o n’t k now. I a d m it it : it ’s w h a t I d o, it ’s w h a t I l i k e d o i n g, but t a l k i n g a b out it i s a not he r m a t t e r...
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G o i n g b a c k t o t he que s t io n of t he s u r f a c e of t he bu l l f i g ht i n g r i n g, I r e m e m b e r a p a i nt i n g I m a d e c a l l e d A d m a r g i n a m . A l mo s t e ve r y t h i n g h a p p e n s out s i d e t he p a i nt i n g ; t he p a i nt i n g it s e l f i s ju s t e m pt y s p a c e ; t he bu l l a n d t he bu l l f i g ht e r a r e o n t he e d g e, you h a r d l y s e e t he m o r t he pu bl ic. It ’s a s i f e ve r y t h i n g ’s b e e n s w a l l owe d up b y t he s a n d . A n d ye t , t he p a i nt i n g h a s a r e a l t e n s io n t o it , w h ic h i s c r e a t e d b y m e r e m i l l i m e t r e s , l i k e w he n t he r e’s e l e c t r ic it y. Ju s t a fe w m i l l i m e t r e s c a n c h a n g e t he w hol e t h i n g.
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To e x pl a i n bu l l f i g ht i n g, t o u n d e r s t a n d it s e s s e nc e, you h ave t o g o b a c k t o t he g r ou n d , w h ic h i s w he r e e ve r y t h i n g t r a n s p i r e s . T he n , we’r e b a c k a t t he s a m e i s s ue : you g e t t he f i n a l out c o m e b y t ouc h i n g he r e, t he r e, w it h you r c he s t , you r w a i s t . A l l of t h a t i s t he f i n a l p ol i s h , t he a e s t he t ic s of t he f i g ht , but t he e s s e nc e i s i n t he g r ou n d . S o m e t h i n g i n t he bu l l f i g ht h a s t o b e
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A n d , it ’s a l mo s t l it e r a l a r e p r e s e nt a t io n of t he wo r l d , of d e a t h . It ’s a n a g e - ol d r e p r e s e nt a t io n , a n d t h a t move s p e o pl e.
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Ye s , it c r e a t e s a s o r t of c o n f u s io n of w i l l s , t e r r a i n s a n d t r aj e c t o r ie s , a n d t h a t c o n f u s io n a l s o h a s a t e m p o r a l d i m e n s io n . W he n it h a p p e n s , t i m e s e e m s t o h a n g i n s u s p e n s io n a n d fe e l s l i k e a n e t e r n it y. You c a n s e t you r w a t c h b y s o m e bu l l f i g ht e r s ; t he y a l w ay s move a t p r e c i s e l y t he s a m e r hy t h m , but o n l y o ne move c r e a t e s t h a t s e n s a t io n of s l ow ne s s w he r e it fe e l s l i k e t i m e h a s s t o p p e d . A n d t h a t f ic t io n c r e a t e s a s p e c i a l e m ot io n .
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T he y s ay t he c l o c k s h ave s t o p p e d ...
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E x a c t l y. I g ue s s you’ ve e x p e r ie nc e it , r i g ht ? You r wo r k u n fol d s i n s uc h a w ay t h a t it s e e m s t h a t t i m e h a s n’t passed.
T h a t ’s t he l it u r g ic a l p a r t of t he bu l l f i g ht , w h ic h t u r n s i nt o a c e r e mo n i a l m a s s .
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A n d t he f u n ny t h i n g i s t h a t e ve r y bu l l r i n g h a s a hu g e c l o c k i n it . O ne wo n d e r s w hy. It wou l d b e i nc o nc e iv a bl e i n a n a r t i s t ’s s t u d io ! It ’s we i r d . L i k e a d ve r t i s e m e nt s , t he y ’r e l i k e a m e mo r y of t i m e g o i n g b y. A n d t he bu l l r i n g it s e l f i s s h a p e d l i k e a c l o c k .
It ’s l i k e w he n p e o pl e t e l l m e I ’m no g o o d a t k i l l i n g. W it h s o m e bu l l s , I h ave t o g ive it s e ve r a l g o e s , but I d o it s o p e o pl e c a n s e e m e k i l l t he bu l l s e ve r a l t i m e s … [ L a u g ht e r.]
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T h a t ’s w hy t he t o r e r o [ bu l l f i g ht e r] i s c a l l e d a m a t a d o r d e t o r o s [ a bu l l k i l l e r] . We h ave n’t t a l k e d a b out k i l l i n g, but it ’s f u n d a m e nt a l .
T he a d ve r t t h i n g i s c u r iou s . T he r e’s s o m e t h i n g s c h i z o ph r e n ic a b out t he i d e a of m e a s u r i n g a r t !
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W h a t d o you t h i n k of t he bu l l’s d e a t h ?
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O n one ha nd, it’s l i ke a n obv ious conclusion. Somet h i ng e n d s t h a t c a n’t e n d i n a ny ot he r w ay. I d o n’t m e a n t h a t it ’s t he s a m e w he n you s i g n a p a i nt i n g, w h ic h I don’t do, incidentally. But it is a f inal ending. Essentiall y, it ’s s o m e t h i n g you h ave t o e n d a n d t he r e’s no ot he r o pt io n . T he i d e a of bu l l f i g ht i n g w it hout k i l l i n g t he bu l l i s c o m pl e t e l y a b s u r d . G r a nt e d , it ’s not t he mo s t b e a ut i f u l mo m e nt , but it h a s t o b e d o ne. W h a t wou l d b e t he e qu iv a l e nt i n p a i nt i n g ? It c e r t a i n l y wou l d n’t b e d e s t r oy i n g a p a i nt i n g. O ne m i g ht t h i n k t h a t you c ou l d c o m p a r e k i l l i n g t he bu l l t o t e a r i n g up a p a i nt i n g b e c a u s e of t he p hy s ic a l e f fo r t b ot h d e m a n d , but it ’s b y no m e a n s t he s a m e t i m e. A n d t he r e’s a not he r d i f fe r e nc e : t he b e s t p a i nt i n g s a r e t he o ne s t h a t d o n’t e x i s t ! T he o ne s you’ ve d r e a mt up but t h a t g ot d a m a g e d ; t ho s e a r e t he b e s t . T h a t ’s why t here’s a lway s a good reason to st a r t a l l over aga i n.
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T h a t ’s w he r e you s e e t h a t bu l l f i g ht i n g i s d i f fe r e nt t o ot he r a r t fo r m s . I n mov ie s , you put “ T he E n d” a n d t h a t ’s t h a t . T he r e’s a n a ne c d ot e I l i k e, f r o m a n A m e r ic a n a c t r e s s w ho s e n a m e I c a n’t r e m e m b e r. S he we nt t o s e e a bu l l f i g ht i n B a r c e l o n a w it h D o m i n g o O r t e g a , w ho r e a l l y k ne w how t o c o nt r ol bu l l s . W he n t he y a l l s t a r t e d r u n n i n g, O r t e g a , w it h m a g n i f ic e nt s l ow ne s s , t o o k c o nt r ol of t he m . H e d i d a l l s o r t s t h a t d ay ; he g r a b b e d t he bu l l b y it s ho r n , t he n e n d e d up d o m i n a t i n g it l i k e it w a s h is dog. W hen he f i na l ly k i l led it, t he act ress excl a i med : “A f t e r a l l it t o o k t o b r e a k t he bu l l , now he g o e s a n d k i l l s it ? ” O b v iou s l y, a t t he e n d of t he d ay, k i l l i n g a bu l l i s t he o n l y w ay t o m a k e it you r s , a n d t o put you r s t a m p o n t he f i g ht .
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L i k e t he f a c t t h a t bu l l f i g ht i n g i n S p a i n i s g ove r ne d b y t he I nt e r io r A f f a i r s M i n i s t r y… T h a t ’s a b s u r d , a l s o b e c a u s e c e r t a i n no r m s l i m it c r e a t iv it y. C u r r o R o m e r o t ol d m e o n a nu m b e r of o c c a s io n s : “ I d o n’t s e e w hy I c a n’t u s e t he c a p e fo r t he w hol e bu l l f i g ht .”
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I ’m o p p o s e d t o r u l e s i n s o m e r e g a r d s b e c a u s e I t h i n k t h a t t he e s s e nc e of s p e c t a c l e i s t r a d it io n a n d not r e g u l a t io n s , w h ic h o n l y c o nt r ol t he e x t e r n a l p a r t of s p e c t a c l e.
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R u l e s we r e n’t i nve nt e d b y t he p e o pl e w ho w r ot e t he m ; t he y c o m e f r o m bu l l f i g ht e r s , but t he a ut ho r it ie s a p p r o p r i a t e d t he m .
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T he r e we r e w r it t e n d o c u m e nt s , c a l l e d t a u r o m a qu i a s , but t he y we r e d r a f t e d b y l aw ye r s .
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T he r e’s no p r o bl e m w it h d o i n g t he w hol e bu l l f i g ht a n d k i l l i n g t he bu l l w it h ju s t t he c a p e, i s t he r e ?
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T h a t t e c h n ique wo r k s w it h s o m e bu l l s . Ye s t e r d ay i n M a d r i d , my s e c o n d bu l l w a s l i k e t h a t . It w a s a l l g o i n g p e r fe c t l y w it h t he c a p e, a n d I k ne w I wou l d n’t h ave t o u s e t he mu l e t a . It ’s a r e a l s h a m e not t o b e a bl e t o c a r r y o n e x pl o r i n g t he bu l l’s c a p a b i l it ie s , but i n s t e a d t o b e fo r c e d , fo r s o m e a b s u r d r e a s o n , t o move o n t o t he ne x t t h i r d of t he bu l l f i g ht w he r e you u s e t he b a n d e r i l l a s . T h i s d e p r ive s t he a u d ie nc e of w h a t m i g ht h ave b e e n p o s s i bl e. T h a t ’s w h a t h a p p e ne d ye s t e r d ay w he n I h a d t o s w it c h t o t he mu l e t a , e ve n t hou g h I k ne w it w a s n’t t he r i g ht t e c h n ique fo r t h a t p a r t ic u l a r bu l l .
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A n d t he bu l l a s k s fo r t h a t e n d i n g : he g ive s h i m s e l f up s o he c a n b e k i l l e d .
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Ye s , t h a t m i g ht b e a c u l t u r a l i s s ue. Pe r h a p s you ne e d t o h ave l ive d a n d b r e a t he d bu l l f i g ht i n g a l l you r l i fe t o u n d e r s t a n d t h a t . I c a n’t e nv i s a g e a ny ot he r e n d i n g t h a t t he bu l l’s d e a t h . I t h i n k t he mo s t f it t i n g e n d i s k i l l i n g it , b e c a u s e i f you l e t a t i r e d , b e a t e n , bl o o d - b a t he d bu l l l o o s e a mo n g t he bu l l o c k s , t h a t ’s a hu m i l i a t i n g s c e ne. I ’ ve s e e n t h a t h a p p e n i n Po r t u g a l a n d it ’s a l w ay s l e f t m e w it h a fe e l i n g of e m pt i ne s s b e c a u s e e ve n i f t he f i g ht w a s a m a z i n g, t he i m a g e e t c he d o n my m i n d i s t h a t of a hu m i l i a t e d , b r o k e n bu l l , l e av i n g t he r i n g f l a n k e d b y t wo s t e e r s .
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T he o n l y d i g n i f ie d d e a t h fo r t he bu l l i s o ne t h a t h a p p e n s i n t he bu l l f i g ht . A ny t h i n g e l s e i s p a t he t ic a n d hu m i l i a t i n g, b e c a u s e he’ l l b e k i l l e d a ny w ay, ju s t out of s i g ht …
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T h a t ’s r i g ht , e s p e c i a l l y i f t he bu l l l o s e s a l l h i s a r r o g a nc e i n t h a t f i n a l s c e ne a n d he’s l e f t t o t he bu l l o c k s , l i k e a wo r k e r w ho f a l l s of f t he s c a f fol d i n g a n d i s t a k e n a w ay i n a n a m bu l a n c e…
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To g o b a c k t o t h a t p o i nt , t he b e s t t h i n g i s t o b e a m a t a d o r [ bu l l k i l l e r] , r a t he r t h a n a t o r e r o [ bu l l f i g ht e r] . It i s a s i g n of ho nou r, m ay b e e ve n a s ou r c e of e nv y. Fo r a p a i nt e r, b y c o nt r a s t , t he r e i s no s uc h e n d i n g.
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You h ave ot he r a d v a nt a g e s . T i m e pl ay s i n you r f avou r, fo r i n s t a nc e. T i m e pl ay s a g a i n s t bu l l f i g ht e r s . We w a ne ove r t i m e, a n d t h a t ’s a s h it t y t h i n g t o h a p p e n…
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Ye s , but it a l s o he l p s you l e a r n . Fo r e x a m pl e, you r e x p e r ie nc e of bu l l f i g ht i n g i s f u l l of m e mo r y, of a c c u mu l a t e d k now l e d g e. O f c ou r s e, you d o n’t h ave t he b o d y of a t we nt y-ye a r - ol d a ny mo r e, but …
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N ot h i n g c a n b e d o ne a b out my b o d y ! It ’s qu it e a t h i n g, b e c a u s e w he n you t r u l y r e a c h you r f u l l p ot e nt i a l , you r l e g s a r e s c r e we d .
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T h a t ’s w hy you h ave a not he r j o b... Ye s , p a i nt i n g w i l l a l l ow m e t o d ie of s t a r v a t io n , t h a n k you ve r y muc h . [ L a u g ht e r.]
F R A N C I S M A R M A N DE A l l t he t o p ic s you’ ve a d d r e s s e d t ouc h o n f u n d a m e nt a l f ie l d s of t hou g ht , t he hu m a n m i n d , g e o m e t r ie s of p a s s io n , t he s h a p e of d e s i r e, t ho s e s h i f t s i n t e r r a i n… A n d , I t h i n k t he que s t io n of t he bu l l’s d e a t h i s a v it a l o ne. I f t he r e i s no d e a t h , t he bu l l i s i n s t a nt l y d e my s t i f ie d . H e i n s p i r e s e ve r y t h i n g he d i d n’t i n s p i r e du r i n g t he f i g ht ; t h a t i s , s a d ne s s , w h ic h i s a n e mot io n t h a t b e a r s no r e l a t io n t o h i s g l o r iou s a n i m a l it y, but i n s t e a d s t e m s f r o m h i s wou n d e d a n i m a l it y. I f t h a t w a s t he w ay he we r e t r e a t e d a t t he e n d , e ve r y t h i n g b e fo r e wou l d b e c a nc e l l e d out ; it wou l d m a k e no s e n s e a t a l l . You’ ve t a l k e d a b out t he t h i n g you h ave mo s t i n c o m mo n , w h ic h i s p r o b a bl y t he mo s t p r o bl e m a t ic t h i n g : t he que s t io n of m a t t e r, of m a t e r i a l it y. M a t t e r i s l i n k e d t o t he mo s t s e n s o r i a l – i n t he p h i l o s o p h ic a l s e n s e – , t he mo s t t a n g i bl e a n d m e a s u r a bl e t h i n g, a n d i n t h i s s e n s e it i n s p i r e s a s t r a n g e, s u bt l e a n d d i a l e c t ic a l a nt a g o n i s m i n ou r i m a g i n a r y. W it h i n t he c o nt e x t of bu l l f i g ht i n g a n d p a i nt i n g, you’ ve s k e t c he d out s e ve r a l i d e a s a b out a n i m a l it y, a n d a b out bu l l f i g ht e r s a n d a r t i s t s’ r e l a t io n s h ip t o fe r o c it y, a n i m a l it y, w it h t he bu l l’s ve r y b o d y, it s g a z e, a n d it s b o d y… MB
W he n I w a s a r ou n d t we nt y, a l l t he p a i nt i n g s I m a d e d e p ic t e d m e p a i nt i n g i n my s t u d io. It s e e m e d a b s u r d t o m e t o p a i nt a ny t h i n g e l s e. I n t he s t u d io, a ny t h i n g ’s p o s s i bl e. I ’m f r o m t he c ou nt r y s i d e, l i k e E s pl á ; t he r e h ave a l w ay s b e e n a n i m a l s i n my l i fe. A t ho m e now, I h ave c ow s , d o n k e y s , p i g s , a n d t he r e h ave a l w ay s b e e n c a t s a n d d o g s i n my s t u d io. S o it w a s a n a t u r a l s t e p fo r m e t o s t a r t i n g p a i nt i n g t ho s e a n i m a l s i n my s t u d io, a n d t o d e p ic t t he p a i nt e r a s a n a n i m a l b e c a u s e w he n I s aw my s e l f p a i nt i n g o n a l l fou r s o n t he f l o o r, it w a s mo r e l i k e a n a n i m a l p o s t u r e t h a n a p a i nt e r ’s o ne. I w a s n’t t he s o r t of p a i nt e r w ho s it s a t h i s e a s e l . I w a s n’t e ve n p a i nt i n g l i k e J a c k s o n Pol l o c k , w ho s pl a s he d p a i nt a c r o s s t he c a nv a s . I n s t e a d , I ’d g o d ow n o nt o a l l fou r s , a s o r t of p i g-wol f hy b r i d ! T h a t ’s w hy i n s o m a ny of my p a i nt i n g s f r o m t h a t p e r io d I a p p e a r a s a p a i nt e r - d o g, a p a i nt e r - a n i m a l . T he p a i nt e r w a s r e f l e c t e d o n t he c a nv a s a s a n a n i m a l . S o m e p e o pl e o n l y not ic e d it l a t e r o n . A n i m a l s a r e r e c u r r e nt i m a g e s i n my wo r k ; t he y h ave a n a l mo s t i n s t i nc t ive p r e s e nc e t h a t i s c o m p a r a bl e o r e ve n s up e r io r t o hu m a n s : t he r e’s no v a l ue ju d g e m e nt o r h ie r a r c hy a t pl ay t he r e. T he k e y
t h i n g fo r m e w a s t he a r t i s t t r a n s fo r m i n g i nt o a n a n i m a l , r a t he r t h a n b e i n g r e p r e s e nt e d a s o ne : I ’ ve ne ve r s e t out t o r e p r e s e nt a ny t h i n g. It ’s s o m e - t h i n g e l s e ; s o m e t h i n g mo r e i nt e n s e, a w ay of b e i n g i n t he wo r l d . T he s t u d io i s l i k e a wo r l d ; a ny t h i n g c a n h a p p e n t he r e. M a t e r i a l c a n b e t r a n s fo r m e d : a p a i nt i n g c a n b e c o m e a s c u l pt u r e, a s c u l pt u r e a p a i nt i n g. It ’s a p e r m a ne nt m e t a mo r p ho s i s . B o o k s a l s o a p p e a r i n t he p a i nt i n g s I m a k e i n my s t u d io b e c a u s e t he y a r e p a r t of my l i fe. It ’s a s o r t of c a g e t h a t c o nt a i n s e ve r y t h i n g a n d t he f i g u r e of t he a n i m a l i s t he r e a t it s c e nt r e. T h a t a n i m a l it y i s w it hout a d ou bt my m a i n wo r k t o ol .
t h a t e a r l y m e n d i d t he s a m e t h i n g s o t he y c ou l d p a i nt s uc h m a g ic a l i m a g e s ; I ’ ve a l w ay s t hou g ht t h a t m a n a l l owe d h i m s e l f t o d e s c e n d i nt o t h a t a n i m a l s t a t e t o a c h ie ve s uc h a p r e c i s e r e p r e s e nt a t io n . W he n you p a i nt , d o you u s e t h a t m e nt a l i m a g e of s e e i n g you r s e l f a s an animal? MB
Ye s , I h ave t o, no d ou bt a b out it . B ut you u n d e r s t a n d bu l l s s o we l l b e c a u s e you l ive w it h t he m ; I ’ ve of t e n he a r d you t a l k a b out you r r e l a t io n s h ip w it h t he m . A s a bu l l f i g ht e r, you f a c e t he m e ve r y d ay, but you a l s o b r e e d t he m o n you r f a r m .
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Ye s , I ne e d t h a t o r g a n ic e x p e r ie nc e of b e i n g p a r t of t he bu l l’s wo r l d . It ’s l i k e d e s c e n d i n g i nt o o ne’s d a r k r e a l m s , w he r e, a s you s ay, t h i n g s b e c o m e i ne x pl ic a bl e. M a n h a s t he c a p a c it y t o t r a n s fo r m t h a t i nt o a n a e s t he t ic e x p r e s s io n , but u l t i m a t e l y t he s e a r e b a s ic e x p e r ie nc e s t h a t a r e c o n ne c t e d t o ou r ve r y e s s e nc e a n d t he a n i m a l w it h i n u s .
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T h a t ’s w hy t ho s e e x p e r ie nc e s a r e s o i m p o r t a nt . T h a t ’s w hy we c a n t a l k fo r hou r s a b out t h i n g s t h a t c a n’t b e s a i d . It ’s a l mo s t f r u s t r a t i n g t o t u r n c i r c l e s a r ou n d t ho s e t h i n g s w it hout b e i n g a bl e t o s ay mo r e, b e c a u s e we k now t h a t t he y a r e t r a n s c e n d e nt a l a n d t h a t t he y ’r e w h a t t u r n s bu l l f i g ht i n g i nt o a n a r t .
J.- M . M . M A R M A N DE B ut a n i m a l s a r e u s u a l l y d e a d i n you r p a i nt i n g s ... MB
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I d o n’t k now ; s o m e t i m e s you h ave t o k i l l t he m . B ut t h a t ’s a not he r t o p ic, b e c a u s e t h a t ’s w he n a n i m a l s b e c o m e fo o d . S o m e t i m e s t he y a l s o pl ay d e a d , a s i f t he y we r e i n a pl ay a n d we r e p r e t e n d i n g t o b e d e a d but a r e n’t r e a l l y. I f not , t he y ’r e ju s t fo o d . O f c ou r s e, t he n t he r e a r e t he f i s h , w it h t he i r s t o m a c h s s pl aye d o p e n ... B ut t he a n i m a l’s p a s s a g e t o b e c o m i n g fo o d i s t he s a m e c he m i s t r y t h a t o c c u r s i n p a i nt i n g, w he n t h a t fo r m l e s s p a s t e, t h a t s t i r r e d s oup you put a b it of e ve r y t h i n g i n , b e c o m e s t he s k i n of Ve nu s . I n t h a t m e t a mo r p ho s i s , it r e a l l y he l p s i f o ne i s a n a n i m a l . It ’s i nt e r e s t i n g b e c a u s e we h ave n’t r e a l l y u n d e r s t o o d t ho s e que s t io n s . We i nt u it t he m , but s o m e how we ne ve r f u l l y g r a s p t he m . B u l l f i g ht i n g, l i k e p a i nt i n g, i nvol ve s s o m e pu r e l y m e t a p hy s ic a l a n d p r ofou n d l y i ne x pl ic a bl e p he no m e n a . T he r e a r e t h i n g s t h a t ju s t move u s , but c o nve r s a t io n s a b out bu l l s a r e qu it e i nc r e d i bl e, b e yo n d m e t a p hy s ic s a n d … T he s a m e t h i n g h a p p e n s w it h p a i nt i n g. T he r e’s a s o r t of a nc e s t r a l r e m i n i s c e nc e i n a l l t h i s : c ave m e n p a i nt e d l i k e t h i s t o o ! To u n d e r s t a n d bu l l s , I d e l ve d ow n i nt o my mo s t i n ne r s e l f : t o u n d e r s t a n d t h a t a n i m a l it y, t o wo r k out how t o i nt e r p r e t it , I h ave t o d e s c e n d t o my d e pt h s , f i n d t he a n i m a l i n m e, t h i n k l i k e h i m . I h ave t o a l l ow t h a t a n i m a l t o c o m e t o l i fe i n o r d e r t o u n d e r s t a n d how bu l l s t h i n k . I t h i n k
WOR K S
N˚ 1
QUI T E 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 135 × 111 c m
N ˚ 16
M ATA R 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 202 × 142 c m
N ˚ 31
L A SUERT E DE LOS R I NC ONE S 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 51 × 6 6 c m
N˚ 2
N AT UR A L 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 81 × 10 0 c m
N ˚ 17
C A P OTA ZO 2017 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 14 0 × 14 0 c m
N ˚ 32
BUSC A R EL BULTO 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 113 × 194 c m
N˚ 3
P IC ADOR 2017 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 14 8 × 19 0 c m
N ˚ 18
C ITA R DE FR EN T E 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 19 6 .5 × 2 8 6 c m
N ˚ 33
R EDONDO 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 8 4 × 65 c m
N˚ 4
PREPAR ANDO LOS TR ASTOS 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 51 × 6 8 c m
N ˚ 19
TORO C ON B A NDER IL L A S 2015 –2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 236 × 2 85 c m
N ˚ 34
R EDONDEL 2017 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 9 0 × 78 × 10 c m
N˚ 5
C ITA R DE L A RG O 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 9 8 × 136 c m
N ˚ 20
EL PL A NETA DE LOS TOROS 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 118 × 131.5 c m
N ˚ 35
C IRC O TAUR I NO 2017 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 9 6 × 73 × 7 c m
N˚ 6
TORO Y DOBL E GA L L EO 2017 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 19 0 × 33 0 c m
N ˚ 21
L A RGA C A M BI ADA 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 115 × 19 9 c m
N ˚ 36
MON UM EN TA L 2017 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 8 0 × 92 c m
N˚ 7
E STAT UA R IO 2017 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 19 9 × 132 c m
N ˚ 22
I NC IERTO 2017 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 192 × 26 8 c m
N ˚ 37
U N T IT L ED 2017 C er a m ic 50 × 45 × 19 c m
N˚ 8
BIG B A NG 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 13 0 × 195 c m
N ˚ 23
R EC ORT E 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 169 × 16 0 c m
N ˚ 38
U N T IT L ED 2017 C er a m ic 54 × 54 × 8 c m
N˚ 9
PA SEIL LO, 2017 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 9 8 × 14 0 c m
N˚ 24
C ON EL P IC O DE L A MUL ETA 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 65.5 × 8 4 c m
N ˚ 39
U N T IT L ED 2017 C er a m ic 52 × 52 × 13 c m
N ˚ 10
B A NDER IL L A S 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 61 × 82 c m
N ˚ 25
Q uerenci a 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 119 × 141 c m
N˚ 40
U N T IT L ED 2017 C er a m ic 53 × 53 × 12 c m
N ˚ 11
TA N T EOS 2017 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 14 0 × 14 0 c m
N ˚ 26
E M BE ST IDA 2017 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 19 0 × 34 6 c m
N ˚ 12
DE SPL A N T E 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 163 × 175 c m
N ˚ 27
M A NOL ET I N A 2011 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 118 × 9 6 c m
N ˚ 13
N AT UR A L AY UDA DO 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 9 8 × 138 c m
N˚ 28
EN T R E DOS C A P OT E S 2017 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 13 0.5 × 195 c m
N ˚ 14
A N T E S DEL L A NC E 2017 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 14 0 × 14 0 c m
N ˚ 29
SI EL T IE M P O NO LO I M P IDE 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 210 × 2 8 6 c m
N ˚ 15
T R A ST E A R 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 78 × 6 8 c m
N˚ 30
SUERT E A LOS R I NC ONE S 2016 M i xed med i a on ca nvas 10 8 × 42 c m
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