Design technology building strategy booklet

PLUG-IN COLLECTIVE CITY Design and Technical Strategy

Fabienne Blunden 10265849 Detailed Design ARCH412 2014-2015 Module leader: Simon Bradbury

Contents Urban Strategy - Project synopsis - Urban block design development - Urban block design - Urban strategy alliances - Tottenham Hale consultation and research - Neighbourhood Plan of works - Collective City consultation Plan of works - Existing financial model - Proposed financial model

Residents Define Needs 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.10 0.11

Tottenham Hale Analysis - Ashley Road analysis

- Location and access

- Shape and size - High Road analysis

- Location and access

- Shape and size

- Adaptability over time - High Road street infrastructure analysis

1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.9 1.10 1.16

Urban Block Analysis - Urban block arrangement - Location and access rules - Shape and size rules - Adaptability over time rules - High street dimension rules

2.0 2.4 2.9 2.11 2.13

Build Infrastructure and Design Hub - Building system precedents - Structural precedents - Proposed faรงade load bearing structure - High Road structural development - Proposed structure 1:20 technical section - Building structural performances

3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.9 - 3.11

- Design scenarios - Design scenarios plans - Building regulations

4.0 4.2 4.3

Build Units : Construction - Construction sequence - Construction strategy - Structural load paths - Plumbing services - District heating - Ventilation - Construction Design Management (CDM) - Sunlight penetration - Solar shading mechanisms - Proposed High Street perspective - Proposed courtyard perspective

5.0 5.4 5.7 5.10 5.12 5.14 5.16 5.18 5.20 5.23 5.25

Design Development Appraisal - Precedents - Design typologies - Typologies design location - Natural light penetration study - Design process - Urban block design research - Model development - Communication

6.0 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.20

Bibliography

7.0

0.0

Building System Synopsis This design project aims to balance the financial stability of the area by re-directing wealth to stay within the local economy, and reducing profiteering from banks and developers. This will be through the production of an urban framework which adapts according to the needs requested by Our Tottenham at the Collective City Design Hub producing unique and customised typologies.

The wealth generated by the project via rent, for example, would feed back into further developments and to the shareholders (pension payers) of the urban development. The shareholders and community feedback presents greater community empowerment.

The Collective City strategy involves a building system maintained via the first phase infrastructure which is the urban block façade service core indicating the grid layout for each property to plug-into.

The steel frame service core façade is enveloped with brick to provide permanence and rigidity to the frame reflecting less of an industrial essence but more sensitivity to Tottenham Hale’s local architectural materials.

The site chosen to initiate the first phase urban block high street is a derelict site in the middle of a dense residential district in Tottenham Hale. The reasoning for choosing such a location is to bring the qualities of the Tottenham Hale High Road’s densely diverse and vibrant typologies into the proposed district. This will aim to increase activities, economic growth and reduce crime due to greater eyes on the street, as discovered by Jan Gehl in the ‘Life Between Buildings’ and Jane Jacobs.

The high street infrastructure will be incorporated into the proposed façade framework in order to reduce the clutter that is often accumulated on the street and weave the proposed benches, post boxes, phone boxes and bins into the fabric of the brick façade.

Urban Strategy Masterplan

0.1

0.2

Urban Strategy urban block First phase Collective City urban block The chosen site is presently a derelict building site where a community centre used to sit.

Proposed is a mixed typology district adapting the High Road urban design and recreating the high street along the Green Link, aiming to invite greater diversity to the residential blocks of Tottenham Hale.

0.3

Building System urban block design

1. Primary roads are planned, directing traffic more

efficiently to the High Road and out to the natural environment of the Lee Valley.

The primary road at the top of the map indicates the Green Link, primary road, which forms primarily a pedestrian high street.

The primary road to the bottom of the map is mainly for vehicular traffic.

2. Secondary streets are formed introducing

vertical pathways directing more people to the Green Link.

3. As the secondary streets are formulated,

separate urban blocks form with access roads designed around the building typology arrangements for public and delivery access.

0.4

Urban block Design

Tottenham hale’s existing figure ground

Proposed Urban Block figure ground

Building System urban block design

0.5

0.6

Urban Strategy Alliances

0.7

Tottenham Consultation and Research Tottenham Hale Consultation

In order to ascertain the requirements of Tottenham Hale from the community and City Council, was through public workshops, meetings and city tours discovering the areas of potential change.

Meetings at the Haringey Council.

City tour visiting the industrial sector of Tottenham Hale and the exciting work spaces created for the community.

Exhibition on previous Tottenham Hale city proposed masterplans.

Meeting at the Haringey Council court room.

0.8

Neighbourhood plan system

(Neighbourhood Plan, Growing people’s skills to make great places, [online] Available from: http://www.integreatplus.com/howdo-icreate-neighbourhood-plan, [accessed 13th December 2014])

Neighbourhood Plan of Works

0.9

Collective City Consultation Plan of Works

Urban Strategy Community Programme

Pension

The global institutional pension fund assets in the 13 major markets grew by 9.5% during 2013 reaching almost US $332 trillion. (http://www.towerswatson.com)

1. Creating steering group and establish focus for Key Themes.

2. Gain public support for

producing Neighbourhood Plan Custom Build.

3. Identify funding opportunities.

4. Gain views from

the community : run workshops.

0.10

Existing Financial Model The existing financial model for building developments produce capital for the developers rather than for the local economy.

The existing system firstly gains project funding, for example the Pension Fund.

However global profiteering removes capital from local economy.

In addition ownership of land enables continued profiteering.

People buy homes when the development is built and the residents become the source of profit.

Proposed Financial Model ‘Carillion Igloo unveils designs for pioneering custom-build scheme’

0.11

Igloo Architects

The Carillion Igloo ‘approach is an adaption of a Dutch model with the customer at its heart’ by ‘providing the customer with support to finance the project and then, on a first come, first served basis, they choose their plot and, like buying a car, select from a number of home manufacturers, pick their model and customise it.’

(Chris Brown, chief executive, Igloo, http://www.architectsjournal. co.uk, article, [online], [accessed 15th December 2014].)

Proposed financial model The Housing Association is a nonprofit organisation which reinvests capital back into development and upkeep.

In addition the Housing Association has long term involvement in the project.

The properties are sold or rented.

Part buy, affordable housing, social housing and business Startup schemes are available.

People buy, rent homes or gain businesses resulting in a circular economy benefiting the local residents.

The rent paid would feed back to the shareholders of the development, pensioners.

The sharing of resources creates greater empowerment amongst the community.

TOTTENHAM HALE ANALYSIS

1.0

Ashley Road Analysis

Ashley Road industries house warehouses, workshops and offices.

However there is a lack of community engaging activities in this urban block, resulting in a lack of tourism and activity.

Proposed is to utilise the analysis of the industrial urban block morphology to apply such typologies into the Collective City urban block. This would be via Secondary roads as discovered through road layout analysis.

The Collective City aims to mix contrasting typologies such as residential, shops, studios, supermarkets and galleries together to form an engaging urban block.

1.1

Location and Access

1. Civic centre.

2. Car maintenance warehouse.

3. Textiles factory.

4. Repair, Restore and Recycle warehouse.

5. Offices.

6. Welding workshops.

7. Futon Company (shop/gallery and warehouse.

1.2

Ashley Road industrial urban block.

Ashley Road Analysis

1.3

Shape and Size

Civic centres are custom sized buildings according to the use required.

For instance the Ashley Road civic centre is located in the park and is used by small community groups.

Warehouses are usually long and thin structures.

The height of the building is one storey but higher than normal residential properties due to the equipment utilised in the building and the services, such as ventilation shafts funnelled around the ceiling.

The textiles factory building is long and thin with multiple pitched roofs to gain the greatest span width.

The restore, repair and recycle warehouse is wide and deep containing storage, meeting rooms and display space for visitors to explore.

A commercial shop is located to the front of the warehouse along the primary access road.

Offices’ morphology are long and thin, aiming to gain plenty of natural light penetration to the office spaces.

The cafe is a small, one storey building, mainly for take--away and a small sit-down cafe space.

The workshops are small compact spaces and one storey high ceiling utilised by medium sized machinery. There are large external spaces around the workshops for vehicles to park and transport goods.

The commercial typology to the front of the building is a small pitched roof structure attaching to the company warehouse to the rear.

Large delivery space is retained to the side of the warehouse.

1.4

High Road Analysis

Tottenham High Road cafe and shop faรงades.

Location and Access

1.5

1. Victorian terrace High Road shops.

2. Shops along the High Road Primary road.

3. Terrace housing accessed via the secondary road access roads.

The housing are clustered in the back of high street urban blocks.

Here the streets are less busy and more private for residential living.

(High Road illustration inspired from Jane Clossick, High Street Case Study: Tottenham High Road Submission for RD2 Department of Architecture & Spatial Design London Metropolitan University, March 2012, http://www.academia.edu/1532513/High_Street_Case_Study_ Tottenham_High_Road, [online], [accessed 7th November 2014])

1.6

(High Road illustration inspired from Jane Clossick, High Street Case Study: Tottenham High Road Submission for RD2 Department of Architecture & Spatial Design London Metropolitan University, March 2012, http://www.academia.edu/1532513/High_Street_Case_Study_ Tottenham_High_Road, [online], [accessed 7th November 2014])

High Road Analysis

Location and Access

1.7

1.8

High Road Analysis

Tottenham Hale High Road building proportions are mainly all 6 metres wide and extends back at different sizes according to the typology spatial demands.

For instance each building’s main original structure are around 14 metres deep. But then each property extends back into the urban back yard. These spaces are mainly utilised by storage, kitchens, private residential access and deliveries parking/turning circles.

In addition most properties along the High Road are three storeys high, 12 metres.

The roof structures are mainly all pitched roofs constructed with a façade parapet wall hiding the roof guttering.

Shape and Size

High Road terrace structural dimensions

1.9

1.10

High Road Analysis Analysis of the Tottenham Hale High Road urban block’s adaptability over time Firstly the High Road introduced a local church with public access via the high street.

Adaptability Over Time

1.11 Secondly the church gained a parish to the rear for community meetings and ancillary.

1.12

High Road Analysis Thirdly shops enveloped around the church.

The plug-in of shops, on to the high street, changes the atmosphere of the church entrance, obscuring the religious typology amongst the commercial properties.

In addition the services to the shops around the back of the urban block also changes the aspect of the community church access, due to deliveries sharing the secondary street entrance.

Adaptability Over Time

1.13 Finally the urban block completes with shop extensions, additional car parks and the parish church community centre being utilised as a day nursery.

The urban block gradually become more dense and diverse during the years creating a more vibrant atmosphere with some conflicts of typologies. However by sharing entrances and car parks this can formulate greater social interactions and connect typologies together forming multidisciplinary businesses.

1.14

Original Victorian Terrace Structure

1. Traditional Victorian terrace : Functional structure, not easily adaptable.

Victorian terraces line the High Road. The terraces are each individual due to the external and internal room layouts suiting the needs of each user. However to adapt the architecture is difficult and requires time, energy and skills due to the traditional brick load bearing walls.

For instance the terraces illustrated bellow have been adapted from two houses to flats due to a supermarket extending across two party walls on the ground floor. This change would have required the party load bearing walls to be managed effectively resulting in additional materials needed to support the walls above.

Adaptability Over Time

1.15 2. Adjustment : The ground floor residential property transforms

into a supermarket, turning the residential housing above into flats.

1.16

High Road street faรงade & street infrastructure analysis Propose High Street permeability to encourage greater activity along the Green Link High Street.

Jan Gehl discovered that when there are thresholds along the street such as; newspaper stands, cafes, and bus-stops, people integrate and socialise.

Utilising the theory discovered by Jan Gehl, I propose that the Green Link faรงade will house cafe seating set back into the faรงade, postboxes, benches, bins, phone boxes and signage integrated into the high street faรงade.

INTEGRATION

SEGREGATION

GEHL, J, (2011) Life Between Buildings. Washington DC: Island Press, p.101.

GEHL, J, (2011) Life Between Buildings.

Washington DC: Island Press.

Existing cluttered High Road

1.17

URBAN BLOCK RULES

2.0

Urban Block Arrangement

The primary access roads in the proposed urban block are along the Tottenham Green Link.

The secondary access roads fray off the primary roads accessing the urban block to the rear, usually occupied by delivery vehicles, private residents and shop owners maintaining their back yards.

The residential properties are located on the second floor above offices. However they are not located over loud typologies such as gyms, loud civic centres or industry.

2.1

Urban Block Arrangement

Commercial properties are located along the primary roads on the ground floor in order to gain prime advertisement and greater social activity along the main roads ensuring there are ‘eyes on the street’. (JACOBS, J. (1961) The Death and Life of Great American Cities.

USA: Random House.)

Offices are located along the first floors all around the urban block, servicing the businesses on the ground floor.

2.2

Urban Block Arrangement

Industries are located off secondary roads to ensure easy access from delivery vehicles and allow large turning circles for delivery vehicles.

However in the urban block, within a residential sector of Tottenham Hale, the industry will be small scale workshops and studios.

Larger workshops in warehouses would be located mainly along Ashley Road to prevent noise pollution to the residential properties.

The density of the urban block is controlled by ensuring that the residential properties are set back away from the brick faรงade presenting a private balcony giving privacy to the bedrooms and also to ensure sunlight penetration on to the Green Link high street.

In addition to allow good sunlight penetration to the community courtyard, the residential properties also inset by 2 metres from the back yards below, presenting back terraces for Hyroponic gardens and also aims to bring more light to the courtyard spaces.

Urban Block Arrangement

2.3 The civic centres are located at the back of urban blocks from the main pedestrian high street and positioned to the corners of the urban block to attract greater community attention.

Urban blocks traditionally housed civic centres in unusual spaces filling in corners. These awkward building shapes presents more exciting morphologies utilising all the spaces created in the block.

Courtyards are located to the middle of the urban block formed by the gradual development of properties.

Car parks, green parks, benches and delivery back yard spaces are merged together in the middle, encouraging greater social interaction amongst the mixed typologies.

2.4 Location

Access

Location and Access Rules

Location and Access Rules

Location

Access

2.5

2.6 Location

Access

Location and Access Rules

Location and Access Rules

Location

Access

Civic centres are accessed via the front of secondary streets, and also from the rear car park.

2.7

2.8

Location

Access

Location and Access Rules

Shape and Size Rules

2.9

2.10

Shape and Size Rules

Adaptability Over Time Rules

2.11

2.12

Adaptability Over Time Rules

High Street Dimension Rules

2.13

Faรงade infrastructure framework.

BUILD INFRASTRUCTURE & DESIGN HUB

3.0

Building System

Building System Precedents

3.1

3.2

Structural Precedents The external faรงade framework, which also acts as the service core for building units to plug-into, is constructed of steel I-beams and columns enveloped with brick.

To gain an understanding of the steel and brick jointing techniques, the literature Brick Cladding to Steel Framed Buildings, Commentary was very informative for drawings structural details.

(LUMBARD, P.R., MORTON, J., BOYS, B.W.J., ROBINSION, J., (1986) Brick Cladding to Steel Framed Buildings, Commentary, The Brick Development Association and British Steel Corporation: Bradshaw Buckton and Tonge.)

SERVICES

Proposed Faรงade Load Bearing structure

3.3 External brick load bearing framework.

Fresh water.

Load bearing steel frame in a 6m grid.

Electrics.

Floor slab.

3.4

Tottenham Hale Road Structural Development

1. Traditional Victorian Terrace:

Functional structure, not easily adaptable.

2. Present Structural Requirements:

50mm cavity wall. However the cavity acts as a chimney sucking cold air from the ground up to the roof rafters cooling the properties.

3. Proposed cap over the cavity:

Preventing the chimney cooling effect. However the system is not very flexible for the adaptability of typology uses.

Tottenham Hale Road Structural Development The Collective Design building system aims to recreate the High Street terrace morphology but utilise new technologies to increase ‘mass customization’ (‘Open Source Building’, MIT) through steel frame structures arranged in grid formations to invite greater flexibility and longer life-cycle of the building.

Steel framework is the materiality proposed in order to allow for multiple typologies to adapt and interchange over the years without affecting the overall structural load path.

In addition the steel frame properties will be efficiently plugged into the Collective City building System by attaching to a permanent High Street façade which is where the building service cores are located. This should allow for efficient appliance to the system.

This plug-in building system aims to invite maximum adaptability and customisation of life-style, for instance an additional member of family may require greater space in the property, therefore the buildings can extend backwards, forwards up to the façade frame and across party walls.

3.5

3.6

1:20 Technical Perspective Section 1: 20 Section This technology section illustrates the join between the brick and steel faรงade with the adjoining property plugging-into the service core.

Labelled on the section are aspects of further examination: 1. Ground floor U-Value performance.

2. Ground floor external wall U-Value performance.

3. First floor building performance (under floor heating section).

4. Triple glazed window detail and U-Value performance.

3.7

Building Structural Performances

3.9

3.10

Building Structural Performances

Building Structural Performances

3.11

RESIDENTS’ DEFINE NEEDS

4.0

Design Scenarios

4.1

Design Scenarios

Design scenarios 1 and 2

Design scenario 3

Collective City Design, Cafe and private residential properties above.

Family gallery, office/ studio and residential above.

Family carpentry workshop and storage with private residential properties above.

4.2

Design Scenario Plans

Ground Floor Plan 1:200

Heavy weight brick envelope for the front and rear ground floor walls.

The faรงade brick wall extends up to the second floor property forming a parapet wall obscuring the service core.

Load bearing steel framework in a 6 metre grid formation. This structure enables light weight timber pre-fabricated stud walling to insert between, allowing greater internal flexibility across party walls.

4.3

Design Scenario Plans

First Floor Plan 1:200

Second Floor Plan 1:200

4.2

Building Regulations

The ground floor plan illustrated opposite house the commercial typologies which require public accessible access.

The properties are designed with wheel-chair turning circles and delivery of goods access.

The fire escape travel distances are within the 9 metres maximum requirement.

Building Regulations

4.3

BUILD UNITS : CONSTRUCTION

5.0

Construction Sequence

Construction Sequence

5.1

5.2

Construction Sequence

Construction Sequence

5.3

5.4

Construction Strategy The faรงade performs not only as a permeable surface for the high street infrastructure to merge into, but also as a chassis service core for building units to plug-into.

This method aims to make additional property growth more efficient.

Construction Strategy

5.5

The construction phases are demonstrated by the gradual model transformation above illustrating the interim stages of district development.

Phases 3 and 4: illustrates the development of further properties neighbouring other buildings introducing multiple typologies within the Collective City district.

Phase 1: involves the siting and build of the Housing Association Design Hub.

Phase 4: diagrams how the Housing Association offices on the first floor stretch over two properties demonstrating the flexible removal of party walls.

Phase 2: shows the positioning of a cafe public entrance off the primary road.

Also the private residential entrance is off the primary road similar to the morphology arrangement observed along the Tottenham Hale High Road.

5.7

Structural Load Paths A Section A

The long section below illustrates the load bearing paths following the external brick and steel service core, and the property’s load bearing structure relies on the load bearing steel frame in a 6 metre grid layout.

B

B

A Key plan not to scale.

Structural Load Paths A

Section B

B

B

A Key plan not to scale.

5.9

The across section illustrates the structural load upon the steel frame grid structure, from the roof, down through walls, adjoining each floor level to the ground floor pile foundations.

The section also demonstrates how a typology, such as an office, can extend across the neighbouring party wall. This procedure is made possible as the load bearing steel columns are supporting the load of the party walls above. Therefore the lightweight prefabricated timber stud walls can be removed.

5.10

Plumbing Services A

B

Section A

B

A

Key plan not to scale.

The section below illustrates the view of a three storey property with the fresh water services passing through the faรงade service core and joining each property floor level to service fresh water.

The pipes are run between properties party walls and then intersects the property wall and runs between the floor joists to meet the necessary application.

5.11

Plumbing Services Section B

The section across the party walls illustrates how the plumbing services pass in between the floor and ceiling joists to the gap between two party walls.

The 450 mm gap is utilised by passing services such as plumbing and electrics to the faรงade service core.

5.12

District Heating

KEY Biomass Boiler pipes run underground to the first phase Collective City beneath the façade service core.

The Collective City is powered via Biomass Technology which forms as the district heating system.

The biomass boiler is located towards Ashley Road industrial district along the Green Link from the Phase 1 Collective City district.

The biomass boiler is sustained by the local pre-fabricating building unit factory which produces recycled materials such as wood pellets. This material is recycled in the woodchip boilers as a renewable solution for the Collective City.

Woodchips/pellets are used for heating in order to produce ‘low net ‘life-cycle’ carbon emissions relative to conventional sources of heating such as gas, electricity or oil.’ (ecovision Renewable Energy, Renewable energy for all, p 7.)

District Heating

5.13

5.14

Ventilation

Under floor heating is proposed under all domestic property floors between floor joists.

This heating system’s surface area is 20 times larger than radiators.

The heat distribution is even throughout the properties.

In addition the temperature of the water in the system does not need to be as high as in a conventional heating system, which reduces the residents fuel bills.

This heating system operates at lower temperatures drawing water from the heat exchanger at 35-50 degrees C. (ecovision Renewable Energy, Renewable energy for all, p 8.)

The ventilation throughout the Collective City properties are via natural ventilation.

- Windows and window trickle vents.

Ventilation

5.15

5.16

Construction Design Management

Continual management servicing hatch The servicing hatch is built into the pre-fabricated wall unit to maintain the appliance services.

Service hatch.

Plumbing services efficiently accessed and maintained.

Service hatch door.

Construction Design Management

5.17

5.18

Sunlight Penetration

Summer : Morning

Midday

Evening

Winter : Morning

Midday

Evening

5.19

Sunlight Penetration Hale Village Courtyard complex Victorian terraces

The existing sunlight analytic analysis of the courtyard complex and terrace morphologies evidence how the light penetration into the social spaces of both situations are low.

The buildings are either too large or too tightly compacted together resulting in dark, negative spaces.

Proposed urban block morphology

The proposed urban block illustrates that the courtyard in the middle of the urban block will gain a large amount of natural light.

In addition the balconies to the south of the properties are all exposed to the sun. However building faรงades exposed to south facing solar gain utilise opaque louvres attached to the brick faรงade.

5.20

Solar Shading Mechanisms

N

Solar Shading Mechanisms

5.21

5.22

Proposed High Street Perspective

5.23

5.24

Proposed Courtyard Perspective

5.25

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL

6.0

Precedents Moshe Safdie : habitat 67 project Reinventing the apartment building. (http://www.dezen.com, [online], [accessed 7th January 2015])

Precedents

6.1

Vauban district : Freiburg - Vauban Goal: ‘implement a city district in a co-operative, participatory way which meets ecological, social, economical and cultural requirements.’ (http://www.vauban.de/en/topics/history, [online], [accessed 11th January 2015]) Project: ‘Strength of the project is the involvement of people who are forming the district. Major driving forces for the development of Vauban are the ideas, the creativity and commitment of the people involved and common goal to create a sustainable, flourishing neighbourhood.’ (http://www.vauban.de/en/topics/history, [online], [accessed 11th

January 2015])

(http://www.vauban.de/en/topics/history, [online], [accessed 11 January 2015])

6.2 Green infrastructure : Hive-inn City Farm NYC Vertical City structure of green infrastructure for instance hydroponic plants.

The hydroponic aspect will infulence the Collective City design of residential properties balconies which can harvest rainwater and feed the hydroponic plants. (http://aasarchitecture.com, [online], [accessed 11th May 2015])

Precedents

Design Typologies

6.3 Connecting network of typologies and activities within the Collective City Urban Block.

This formation however is too compact and I aim to increase the surface area of the urban block but to make the morphology less alien to the existing context. Therefore the building should rise to only 3-4 storeys.

6.4

Typology Design Locations

6.5

Natural Light Penetration Study

Initial design arrangement

Developed design sunlight penetration

6.6

Design Process

Urban Block Design Research

Tottenham hale’s existing figure ground

6.7

Proposed figure ground

6.8

Model Development

Urban block movement pathways circulating around the mixed typology urban block.

Initially the design developed from the movement visitors would take exploring the Design Hub, gaining greater awareness of the urban block development.

Model Development

6.9 Arrangement of the Collective City typologies amongst the existing residential properties and in connection to the industrial estate at Ashley Road via the Green Link.

Connection of the proposed site to the Green Link and the permeability of the Collective City typologies with the transition along the Green Link either towards the High Road or Lee Valley.

6.10

Model Development The model on the left portrays the initial design of a studio for the community to learn the process of designing their own property with the assistance of the Collective City Design Hub team.

However this design is too static and does not illustrate the notion of the diverse and vibrant urban block formation.

Instead the Design Hub must be an alternative Architects office which allows for exciting engagement among the community.

Therefore the models below are illustrating the atrium of the Design Hub with a more active role for the visitor to engage in a physical design of their property.

For example moving prototype walls, at a smaller scale, forming the size of their rooms and unique features required.

Model Development

6.11

Collective City Design Hub model annotations.

Atrium perspectives illustrating the movement of visitors and designers.

6.12

Model Development Following from the alternative Architects office design approach, the models here illustrate the passage of movement the visitor would take on entrance to the Design Hub. The levels in the building have been developed in order to give a sense of gradually completing the design of your property as you rise up through the stages of the building.

Model Development

6.13 I then developed the internal layout of the entrance atrium and the connecting spaces for instance; meeting rooms, consultation spaces, display of a prototype property extending up through the atrium as a display which can be explored by visitors.

The materiality of the atrium and classrooms are more permeable and transparent than the private residential properties above, in order to attract more visitors and display the building as an icon to be explored.

6.14

Model Development

1. Ground floor typologies structural formation. Steel frame load bearing structure. Timber stud wall panelling.

2. Collective City Design Hub first floor office.

3. First floor Collective City Design Hub offices stretching over two party walls.

The model illustrates the flexible construction system allowing efficient spatial transformation .

4. Shop typology ground floor building unit.

The private office is located on the first floor with private front door access via the faรงade framework next to the public shop entrance.

6.15

Model Development Existing Victorian terrace utilised for many typologies such as; house, shop, cafe, restaurant and flats.

The multiple typologies created out of the traditional terrace morphology inspired my design of the urban block terrace structures.

Many terrace back yard structures alter according to the use required. However in a residential sector of multiple terraces, the back yards are enclosed by walls restricting any multidisciplinary connections in the back courtyards.

Proposed early design formation of mixing the typologies into a hybrid urban block High Road terrace adaptability Transforming the house into flats due to the altered first floor into offices stretching over multiple party walls.

The ground floor properties, in-turn, become shops and the second floor usually becomes private residential flats.

Industrial typology example Commercial shop/ gallery to the front of the warehouse.

Storage and displayed items for customer exploration are located within the one storey building.

However the issue of this building layout is with organising public and private access into the buildings. For example the private residential units would be via the back however this could be in conflict with visitors exploring the Design Hub and courtyard.

Therefore the design is too flexible and highlights the issue that the design needs rules and restrictions to ensure a more rational efficient building system.

6.16

Model Development

This design development focused on the movement passage around the Design Hub and illustrates the learning process as the circulation rises up and around the atrium core.

I have explored the used of permeable and solid materials to portray certain atmospheres and typology uses. For instance the public consultation area is transparent and protrudes out into the street.

However the private management offices are located on upper floors to the back of the building using more solid materials to give more privacy.

Model Development

6.17 The design developed after the first interim review into the urban block being the prototype design rather than one building.

The gradual development of the urban block’s grid format illustrates the Collective City growth within a residential district introducing more diverse typologies, aiming to increase economic performance.

In addition the greater mix of typologies aim to keep the streets safer in the district due to denser activity along the Green Link and more ‘eyes on the street’.

(JACOBS, J. (1961) The Death and Life of Great American Cities. USA: Random House.)

6.18

Model Development

Model Development

6.19 My final model illustrates the rigidity of the brick faรงade framework which each building unit plugs-into.

The faรงade has been developed from a steel chassis frame into a more rigid, permanent structure through the appliance of brick to the faรงade.

This development is due to the structural demand on the framework and the design element of the faรงade becoming home to street infrastructure aiming to avoid cluttered high streets.

6.20

Communication The development of my final design presentation pages was challenging due to the intricate rules and process of the design strategy.

From analysing my revision one presentation pages demonstrates my design strategy however there is too much on the pages without a clear flow for the eye to cast across the pages.

Instead I needed to syphon the most important aspects of the deign process and present them in a more clear, fluid process.

In addition the presentation pages on the right illustrate the development of the design process from building narrative, proposition and design scenarios.

However the layout of the sheets contain too much text. I will aim to reduce the amount of text to make the presentation more eye catching and understandable at a quick glance.

Communication

6.21

6.22

Communication These final presentation pages have been altered to allow the eye to pass around the board more easily and to gain an understanding of the project at the start of the presentation, urban strategy and concept.

The the analysis of the context and rules follow in strips.

Thirdly the viewer gains an awareness of the possible design scenarios available using the pulg-in building system.

Finally the overall design perspectives of the high street and courtyard are below the analysis sheets to give an overview of the urban block in-situ and inhabited.

Communication

6.23

Bibliography Books • GEHL, J. (2011) Life Between Buildings. Washington DC: Island Press.

• JACOBS, J. (1961) The Death and Life of Great American Cities. USA: Random House.

• LEHNERER, A., (2009) Grand Urban Rules, Rotterdam: 010 Publishers.

• LUMBARD, P.R., MORTON, J., BOYS, B.W.J., ROBINSION, J., (1986) Brick Cladding to Steel Framed Buildings, Commentary, The Brick Development Association and British Steel Corporation: Bradshaw Buckton and Tonge.

Web-pages • AJ, Igloo, Chris Brown, chief executive, [online] Available from: http://www.architectsjournal.co.uk, article, [accessed 15th December 2014].

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• Hive-inn City Farm NYC, [online] Available from: http://aasarchitecture.com, [accessed 11th May 2015].

• Jane Clossick, High Street Case Study: Tottenham High Road Submission for RD2 Department of Architecture & Spatial Design London Metropolitan University, March 2012, [online] Available from: http://www.academia.edu/1532513/High_Street_Case_Study_Tottenham_High_Road, [accessed 7th November 2014].

• Kooltherm 12 Framing Board, Kingspan, [online] Available from: http://www.kingspaninsulation.co.uk/, [accessed 9th May 2015].

• Neighbourhood Plan, Growing people’s skills to make great places, [online] Available from: http://www. integreatplus.com/howdo-i-create-neighbourhood-plan, [accessed 13th December 2014].

• Open Source Building, MIT, [online] Available from: http://web.mit.edu/ebj/Desktop/ebj/MacData/afs.cron/ group/house_n/documents/OSBA%20white%20paper.pdf, [accessed 21st May 2015].

• Vauban District - Freiburg, [online] Available from: http://www.vauban.de/en/topics/history, [accessed 11 January 2015].

Articles • ecoHaus Internorm, Windows and Doors, Timber/Aluminium Windows, HF 200.

• ecovision Renewable Energy, Renewable energy for all.

• Robbens Systems, Underfloor Heating - WRAS, pipe and fittings.

• Flat Roof Solutions, Polyroof Products LTD.

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