PROYECTO EDILICIO AVANZADO SCHELOTTO by Felipe Vazquez

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Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

EL PROTOTIPO FUE CRADO PARA DAR SOLUCIÓN DE VIVIENDA DE UNA FORMA RÁPIDA Y ADAPTABLE A VARIOS TIPOS DE TERRENO. CONSISTE EN VOLUMENES MONOMATERIAL DE MADERA DE PINO NACIONAL PARA ENCOFRADO DE OBRA REUTILIZADOS. SE ARMAN EN FORMA PORTICADA GENERANDO LOS ESPACIOS HABITABLES. LOS MÓDULOS SON VISUALMENTE IGUALES PERO DE MEDIDAS AJUSTABLES UNO DENTRO DEL OTRO. DE ESTA MANERA SE LOGRA LA FABRICACIÓN EN TALLER Y EL TRASLADO A DESTINO DE LA CASA COMPLETA. SE TRASLADA MEDIANTE CAMIÓN CON GRÚA INTEGRADA PARA UBICAR LOS DISTINTOS MÓDULOS EN EL TERRENO. RETOMANDO UNA TÉCNICA JAPONESA MILENARIA LA CAPA EXTERIOR DE MADERA SERÁ PROTEGIDA POR EL SISTEMA SHOU SUGI BAN, TRATAMIENTO DE LA MADERA A BASE DE FUEGO QUE GENERA EL SELLADO DE POROS Y TRATAMIENTO CON ACEITE NATURAL DE TERMINACIÓN DONDE OBTENEMOS UN MATERIAL BLANDO RESISTENTE AL CLIMA ADVERSO.

Materialidad

Shou Sugi Ban

3,00

3,40

6,00

Módulo principal

Opción armado en conjunto

6,00

Secuencia de encastre módulos

Opción armado en módulos independientes

1. Living 2. Dormitorio 3. Cocina comedor 4. Baños

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

Vista exterior accesos

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

PRIMERAS IDEAS, EN LA BÚSQUEDA DE REDUCIR EL TIEMPO DE EJECUCIÓN DE UNA VIVIENDA TIPO SE COMENZO A PROYECTAR IDEAS MÓVILES DONDE CON UN MÓDULO REPETITIVO SE PUEDA TRANSFORMAR EN UNA VIVIENDA. SE LLEGO A UN MÓDULO PRINCIPAL Y A VARIOS MÓDULOS DENTRO DE ÉL, EL MÓDULO SIGUIENTE SALE DE LOS M3 GENERADOS POR EL VACIO DEL MÓDULO PRINCIPAL Y ASI SUCESIVAMENTE HASTA LLEGAR A LOS 4 REQUERIDOS PARA EL PROTOTIPO.

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

LA FORMA DEL PROTOTIPO TRATA DE SER LO MÁS AMIGABLE Y CONCRETA POSIBLE, QUE SE ACERQUE LO MÁS RÁPIDO AL SUBCONSCIENTE DE LAS PERSONAS. ES POR ESTAS RAZONES QUE LA FORMA SE ASOCIA A LAS PRIMERAS IMÁGENES QUE NUESTRO CEREBRO HACE DE LO QUE ES UN HOGAR, UNA CASA. LA SIMPLICIDAD DEL DIBUJO DE UN NIÑO NOS DEMUESTRA QUE LA CASA TIENE UNA FORMA PARTICULAR, O NUESTROS APRENDIZAJES Y PRIMEROS CONOCIMIENTOS NOS DESPIERTAN EN UN CUADRADO CON UN TRIANGULO FORMANDO SU TECHO. ES ASI QUE PLANTEAMOS NUESTRA FORMA.

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

Vista exterior fachada

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

Vista interior living

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

PLANTA NIVEL 0 1:125 Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

PLANTA TECHOS 1:125 Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

FACHADA ESTE Y OESTE 1:125 Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

6,10

5,80

12,00

3,00

Corte

12,00

Planta

TRASLADO DESDE FĂ BRICA A DESTINO Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

Teja solar

Corcho natural 50mm Tabla encofrado 6”x1”

Protección Shou Sugi Ban

Rejilla Filtro Rebose

Pared que acumula agua lluvia

Protección Shou Sugi Ban

Pata soporte ajustable

linga acero

Tabla encofrado 6”x1”

Detalle 1

CORTE INTEGRAL 1:100 Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

EL SISTEMA DE UNIÓN DE TABLAS DE ENCOFRADO SE REALIZA MEDIANTE UNA LINGA PASANTE SOBRE UNA VAINA DE PLASTICO POS TENSADA. ESTO PERMITE LA UNIÓN DEL CONJUNTO DE VARIAS TABLAS. LAS UNIONES ENTRE LOS PLANOS SE REALIZA EN BASE A PEINE PARA AYUDAR EN EL EMPOTRAMIENTO DE LAS PAREDES, TECHO Y PISO. Detalle 1

Protección Shou Sugi Ban Tabla encofrado 6”x1” Corcho 50mm

linga acero

Vaina de plástico Tuerca de acero inoxidable Linga de acero inoxidable Tabla de encofrado 6” x 1”

Detalles de encastre ángulos Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

Despiezo de aberturas

Living y Dormitorio ppal

Dormitorio secundario

Living ventana 2

Cocina

Comedor

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

COMPARATIVA DE RESISTENCIA TĂ&#x2030;RMICA DEL PANEL PROPUESTO CONTRA HORMIGĂ&#x201C;N. EN OTRAS PALABRAS Y TOMANDO LA IMĂ GEN COMO EJEMPLO, UN CERRAMIENTO DE HORMIGĂ&#x201C;N TIENE UNA RESISTENCIA TĂ&#x2030;RMICA DIEZ VECES MENOR QUE UN CERRAMIENTO DE MADERA, AMBOS DEL MISMO ESPESOR. EL MOTIVO ES QUE LA MADERA ES MENOS CONDUCTORA DEL CALOR QUE EL HORMIGĂ&#x201C;N, Y POR LO TANTO MEJOR AISLANTE TĂ&#x2030;RMICO. CONDUCTIVIDAD DE MURO DE HORMIGĂ&#x201C;N ARMADO: 1,63W/m*C. RESISTENCIA TĂ&#x2030;RMICA: 0,25/1,63=0,153m2*C/W. CONDUCTIVIDAD DE TABLERO DE FIBRA DE MADERA NORMAL: 0,16W/m*C. RESISTENCIA TĂ&#x2030;RMICA: 0,25/0,16=1,563m2*C/W

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Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

EL PROTOTIPO AL SER UBICADO EN ZONAS REMOTAS RECESITARÁ LA GENERACIÓN DE ENERGIA ELÉCTRICA MEDIANTE TEJAS SOLARES UBICADAS EN LA CARA NORTE O SUR DEPENDIENDO DEL HEMISFÉRIO QUE SE UBIQUE, BIOGÁS PRODUCIDO POR MATERIA HUMANA Y ANAIMAL. LAS PAREDES TIENEN UN SISTEMA DE CAPTACIÓN DE AGUA DE LLUVIA QUE A TRAVÉS DE FILTROS PUEDE SER TRANSFORMADA EN POTABLE.

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

Vista exterior hacia ventana cocina comedor

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

Vista interior cocina comedor

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

EL PROTOTIPO PERMITE LA OPCIÓN DE GENERAR ESPACIOS INDEPENDIENTES UNO DE OTROS PARA REALIZAR OTRA TIPOLOGÍA DIFERENTE AL DE LOS MÓDULOS EN SECUENCIA. DE ESTA MANERA SE LOGRAN ESPACIOS INTERCONECTADOS A TRAVÉS DE PATIOS ABIERTOS DIPONIENDO DE OTRA FORMA DE VIVIR QUE NO ES LA TRADICIONAL.

Módulos armados independientemente

Axonométrica

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

Mรณdulos independientes

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

Locaciones para el prototipo

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

Axonometrica en el paisaje

Taller Schelotto, Proyecto Edilicio Avanzado

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G09 GERMAN CARDOZO ALEJANDRO VILA

LA UBICACION. UNOS DE LOS FACTORES DE LA ELECCIÓN DEL MATERIAL ES LA PROXIMIDAD DE LAS PLANTAS DE CELULOSA EXISTENTES. ESTAS OTORGAN, CONTRARIAMENTE A LO QUE SE PODRÍA PENSAR, UNA DE LAS CARACTERÍSTICAS DE SUSTENTABILIDAD, QUE ES LA CERCANÍA Y DISPONIBILIDAD DE DESCARTADA PARA LA PRODUCCIÓN, PERO CON LAS CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS PARA EL USO DEL MATERIAL EN LA CONSTRUCCIÓN AL MOMENTO DE GENERAR MORTEROS Y MAMPUESTOS.

EL CONTEXTO. ENTENDEMOS QUE EL USO DE LA FIBRA DE CELULOSA EN LA CONSTRUCCIÓN, QUE EXISTE Y ES REAL INTERNACIONALMENTE, ES OPORTUNO EN EL CONTEXTO EN QUE VIVIMOS. EL DESARROLLO DE LAS TECNOLOGÍAS Y EL CONOCIMIENTO SOBRE EL MATERIAL SERIA EL IDEAL EN UN PAÍS EN EL CUAL SE ABRE AL MUNDO PARA EL INGRESO DE DICHA INDUSTRIA. APROVECHAR LA COYUNTURA, DESDE EL ESTADO O LA PRÁCTICA DEL PROFESIONAL, PODRÍA LLEGAR A APLACAR LA DEMANDA DE VIVIENDA, Y SON ESTAS CLASES DE PROTOTIPOS DE VIVIENDA LOS QUE IMPULSARÍAN SU USO.

_LA CELULOSA DE PAPEL O PULPA, ES LA FIBRA BASE PARA LOS DISTINTOS TIPOS DE PAPELES EXISTENTES EN EL MERCADO EN LA ACTUALIDAD. _LA INDUSTRIA PAPELERA A GENERA AL AÑO TONELADAS DE RESIDUOS LA FABRICACIÓN DE PAPEL ORIGINA MENSUALMENTE TONELADAS DE RESIDUO BAJO LA FORMA DE BARRO. EL MISMO ESTÁ COMPUESTO POR UN 50% POR AGUA, UN 33% CORRESPONDE A FIBRA CELULÓSICA MUY CORTA, MOTIVO POR EL CUAL NO ES POSIBLE RECICLARLA PARA LA PRODUCCIÓN DE PAPEL Y UN 17% DE SOLIDOS VARIOS. DADO QUE EXISTEN ANTECEDENTES INTERNACIONALES DEL EMPLEO DE PULPA DE CELULOSA EN LA FABRICACIÓN DE HORMIGONES PERO NO SE CUENTA CON EXPERIENCIA REGIONAL. LABORATORIOS COMO TECNOLOGÍA DEL HORMIGÓN DE INTI-CONSTRUCCIONES, SE DESARROLLÓ UN PROYECTO DE EVALUACIÓN INICIAL QUE INCLUYO LA FORMULACIÓN DE PASTAS CEMENTICIAS CON DIFERENTES PORCENTAJES DE RESIDUO, ORIENTADO AL DESARROLLO SUSTENTABLE DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN. LADRILLOS DE PAPEL RECICLADO. INVESTIGADORES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE JAEN EN ESPAÑA, ESTÁN DESARROLLANDO UN PROTOTIPO DE LADRILLO FORMADO EN BASE A UNA MEZCLA DE ARCILLA CON RESIDUOS DE CELULOSA, EL RESULTADO ES UN BLOQUE RESISTENTE, DE BAJA CONDUCTIVIDAD TÉRMICA, CON CUALIDADES AISLANTES, ECONÓMICO Y A FAVOR DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE. LA INDUSTRIA LA PAPELERA GENERA AL AÑO TONELADAS DE RESIDUOS, ES POR ESTO QUE LOS CIENTÍFICOS INVESTIGARON LA POSIBILIDAD DE UNIR AL MATERIAL CERÁMICO LOS RESIDUOS DE CELULOSA QUE PRODUCE LA FÁBRICA DE PAPEL, ASÍ COMO LOS LODOS PROCEDENTES DE LA DEPURACIÓN DE SUS AGUAS RESIDUALES Y GENERAR ASÍ UNA SOLUCIÓN ESTRUCTURAL QUE ES A LA VEZ ECONÓMICA Y CONSISTENTE CON EL MEDIO AMBIENTE. OTRA DE LAS VENTAJAS DE AÑADIR RESIDUOS A LOS PROTOTIPOS ES LA COCCIÓN QUE SE REQUIERE EN SU PRODUCCIÓN. EL MÉTODO DE FABRICACIÓN CONSISTE EN CREAR UNA PASTA EN BASE DE ARCILLA DE RESIDUOS DE CELULOSA, QUE LUEGO, A TRAVÉS DE UN PROCESO DE PRESIÓN Y EXCLUSIÓN, DAN COMO RESULTADO UN PROTOTIPO DE LADRILLO.

EL PROYECTO SE IMPLANTA EN UN ENTORNO RURAL DONDE SE INTENTAN PRIORIZAR EL INTERCAMBIO DE LA VIVIENDA PARA EL MÁXIMO APROVECHAMIENTO EN CUANTO A GANANCIAS ENERGÉTICAS DANDO UN MAYOR CONFORT A SUS HABITANTES EVITANDO O MINIMIZANDO EL GASTO DE ENERGÍAS NO SUSTENTABLES, ASÍ COMO TAMBIÉN EL INTERCAMBIO DE VISUALES Y CONTINUIDAD ESPACIAL CON EL ENTORNO CIRCUNDANTE. PLANTEADO ESTA ESTRATEGIA SE INTENTA QUE TODOS LOS ESPACIOS TENGAN CONTACTO CON EL EXTERIOR GENERANDO UNA INTERACCIÓN CON ESTE.

Esquema Tipolรณgico de Paramentos en el Proyecto

PULMON BIOCLIMATICO; LA PROPUESTA GENERADORA DE ESTA VIVIENDA ES LA DE APROVECHAR EL MICROCLIMA QUE GENERA EL ESPACIO CENTRAL. ESTE TIENE LA DOBLE FUNCIÓN DE REGULAR LA TEMPERATURA INTERIOR PARA UN MAYOR CONFORT TÉRMICO A LO LARGO DEL AÑO PARA AMBOS PERIODOS CRÍTICOS. EL EFECTO TRAMPA EN EL PERIODO DE INVIERNO VUELCA A LOS ESPACIOS INTERIORES SU CAPACIDAD ACUMULADORA DE CALOR. POR OTRO LADO EN EL PERIODO DE VERANO EL EFECTO QUE SE BUSCA ES EL DE LA VENTILACIÓN DE LOS ESPACIOS AL FOMENTAR LA CIRCULACIÓN DE AIRE CRUZADA DESDE LOS MUROS CALADOS HACIA ABERTURAS EN LA PIEL DEL PULMÓN BIOCLIMÁTICO. ADEMÁS SE APROVECHA ESTE ESPACIO PARA ABASTECER A LA COCINA DE ALGUNOS, DÁNDOLE UN TOQUE DE COLOR A LOS ESPACIOS INTERIORES.

ALERO / PARASOL: EN EL ESPACIO DE ESPARCIMIENTO PRINCIPAL DE LA VIVIENDA LO QUE SE BUSCA ES OTORGARLE AL USUARIO UN ASOLAMIENTO DEL VANO VIDRIADO PARA GENERAR UN EFECTO TRAMPA EN EL PERIODO DE INVIERNO, APROVECHADO SU ORIENTACIÓN NORTE. SE CONFORMA ENTONCES UN ALERO, PROYECCIÓN DE LA CUBIERTA QUE ARROJA SOMBRAS EN LOS PERIODOS CRÍTICOS DE VERANO SOBRE LA INVIERNO, DADO QUE LA ABERTURA NO SE ENCUENTRA A PLOMO DE LA FACHADA.

MURO TROMBE; MURO AL NORTE CONSTRUIDA PARA ACUMULAR CALOR BAJO EL EFECTO DE MASA TÉRMICA, COMBINADO CON UN ESPACIO DE AIRE, UNA LÁMINA DE VIDRIO Y VENTILACIONES FORMANDO UN COLECTOR SOLAR TÉRMICO. SU FUNCIONAMIENTO SE BASA EN LA DIFERENCIA DE DENSIDAD DEL AIRE CALIENTE Y EL AIRE FRÍO, QUE PROVOCA CORRIENTES EN UNA U OTRA DIRECCIÓN DEPENDIENDO DE LAS TRAMPILLAS QUE ESTÉN ABIERTAS. ESTAS CORRIENTES DE AIRE CALIENTE O TEMPLADO CALIENTAN O REFRESCAN INTRODUCIENDO O EXTRAYENDO EL AIRE CALIENTE DEL EDIFICIO O LAS HABITACIONES DONDE SE INSTALE.

Análisis de Asoleamiento

SITUACIÓN DE VERANO: EN ESTE PERIODO LA IMPORTANCIA ES EVITAR LA GANANCIA DE RADIACIÓN SOLAR QUE SOBRECALIENTE LOS ESPACIOS INTERIORES, DE ESTA MANERA SE CALCULA UN ALERO LO SUFICIENTEMENTE LARGO ACORDE AL AZIMUT DEL LUGAR ELEGIDO PUDIENDO VARIAR EL LARGO DEPENDIENDO DE SU IMPLANTACIÓN.

SITUACIÓN DE INVIERNO: EN ESTE PERIODO LA IMPORTANCIA ES OBTENER GANANCIAS DE RADIACIÓN SOLAR PARA ACUMULAR ENERGÍA MEDIANTE EL MÉTODO DE MASA TÉRMICA, POR LO CUAL SE CALCULA UN ALERO LO SUFICIENTEMENTE CORTO QUE DEJE PASAS ESTA AL INTERIOR DE LA PAR ESTA LOCALIDAD.

Sistema de Calefacción Central

SITUACIÓN DE INVIERNO: EN ESTE PERIODO EL SISTEMA PRESENTA GRANDES CUALIDADES YA QUE MEDIANTE EL EFECTO TRAMPA LAS GANANCIAS DE ENERGÍA PERMITEN CALENTAR EL AIRE INTERIOR DE LA VIVIENDA

SITUACIÓN DE VERANO: EN ESTE PERIODO CON LA AYUDA DE LAS VENTILACIONES DE TODA LA CASA SE GENERA UNA VENTILACIÓN TERMOSIFÓN QUE PERMITE EL REFRESCAMIENTO DE TODA LA VIVIENDA

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