The consistency of the void Students Daniela Calubini, Alessandra Claudia Ferrari, Antonia Razza Politecnico di Milano, Final Examination, June 26th 2019
“When I arrived in Warsaw at the beginning of January 1941, a desperate soldier of that war, the snow burdened the ruins and a grey mud covered the streets. German artillery and aerial bombardments had covered the pre-war metropolis become a customary spectacle in Europe: a large, prostrate city, standing walls showing traces of old houses, empty windows, bare expanses of rubble.� [J. J. Heydecker and H. Boll, The Warsaw Ghetto: A Photographic Record 1941-1944]
“For contemporary man, the very idea of the ghetto appeared anchored to a past that had
In the period immediately before the Second World War, the ghettos already built, visited as if they were theatres by tourists, were looked at in this way, but this is still a very topical quotation today, 76 years after the destruction of the Warsaw ghetto. The project area is a place steeped in pain, only imagine what it meant to live those years, those days, but he can also cling to the desire that all that never happens again in the world. The intent was to re-emerge the memory, to make us talk about these events, to confront ourselves with large buildings that have survived all the evil. Ulica Walicow tells a story, partly whispered and partly screamed, of people, who for a part of the story have been considered objects, but also of architecture, who have tried to cling to the ground as long as they could and in some cases, as in this, have made it. The but also a desire for redemption and liberation.
ABSTRACT
CHPT I THE CITY OF WARSZAWA
1935 1935 PRE-WORLD WAR II
The fabric of the city of Warsaw before, during and after the Second World War appears by the unstoppable events of history. The city was built according to the principle of the court: the buildings contained within them beautiful courtyards, a resting place, a gathering place, small realities for citizens. With the war, the identity of the city and its inhabitants was totally destroyed. Warsaw today appears to be a now part of an expanding urban fabric that has completely changed the characteristics of the city. A regeneration of the buildings of Ulica Walicow, who survived the destruction, is the starting point to restore dignity and life to a part of the city.
1940 GHETTO BORDERS
1945 WAR DESTRUCTION
2018 TODAY
1935
1945
2018 WOLA DISTRICT
CHPT II FUNDAMENTALS OF THE PROJECT
COURTYARD BUILDING SURVIVORS
COURTYARD BUILDINGS IN ULICA WALICÓW
The foundations of the project tell how the analysis city. In fact, we can see the presence of areas never built in the course of history, the court buildings that survived the Great War and all that missing urban fabric, whose traces have been eliminated to erase the collective memory of the people.
NOT BUILT Areas in the city never built
COURTYARDS Historical building typology
MISSING Bombarded buildings
FUNDAMENTALS TYPES OF VOID IN THE CITY
All this is translated into the project area of Ulica Walicow through the recognition of these three types of emptiness: it appears in fact an area where there were buildings bombed during the war, a part never built and the emptiness dictated by the sign of the courts that characterize the buildings.
SILENCE Traces of buildings that are no longer there
ABSENCE Ulica Walicòw area ever built
VACUUM Courtyard remaining and missing
FUNDATIONS VOID DECLENSIONS IN ULICA WALICÓW
TRACE OF THE RUINS Cellars of buildings that survived the bombing
PHYSICAL ABSENCE Evaluation project
VACUUM TRACES Leave the void of the courtyards
FIGURES VOID DECLENSIONS IN ULICA WALICÓW
The design action makes it possible to translate the emptiness of the courtyards into a substantial emptiness, a rebirth for the buildings and the neighbourhood; the silence following the bombing is instead brought to light, as if to make a hidden space speak again through architecture, art and culture. The enhancement of the ruins and remains of the buildings was the basis for the construction of the entire project with the intention of giving a new identity to a part of the city.
VALORIZATION OF THE RUINS Bring to light the ruins
GARDEN OF THE MEMORY Walk through the area to bring to memory
VACUUM Perception of empty volume
ACTIONS HOW THE PROJECT MODIFIES THE AREA
CHPT III PROJECT
EMPTY AREA
WALICÓW 10
Theatre
Residence for artists
WALICÓW 14
WALICÓW 12
Memorial
Residence for researchers
EMPTY AREA Garden of memory
AXONOMETRY
10 have been included functions pertaining to the artists to whom the residences are intended on the are designed as spaces where you can spend your free time, even for non-resident external users. The types of users that can be accommodated are the single artist who has at his disposal a studio with night and day area together, some apartments are instead designed for one or two artists with the possibility of atelier adjacent to the living area or include common areas for refreshment or relaxation.
WALICĂ“W 10 RESIDENCES FOR ARTISTS
Type 2
Type 1
Type 2
15 mq
24 mq
32 mq
Type 2 29 mq Type 1
APARTMENT TYPS FO
15 mq
Temporary Exhibition Space
Common Kitchen 16 mq Type 2 41 mq
Type 1_ Single Room
Type 3 50 mq
Relax Room
Common Kitchen
18 mq
Laundry
13 mq
35 mq
Distribution Space Shared toilet
9,5 mq
Type 2
Type 2
Type 2
Dining Area
27 mq
Common Room 24 mq Type 2 26mq
Type 1 18 mq
Type 1 18 mq
Type 2
16 mq
24 mq
Rehearsal Studio 82 mq
Temporary Exhibition Space
Band Room 28 mq
Sculpture Room 19 mq
83 mq
Children’s Workshop 45 mq
Painting Atelier
Poetry Class
84 mq
61 mq
Library Type 2
Type 1
Type 2
15 mq
24 mq
32 mq
102 mq
Type 2 29 mq Type 1
APARTMENT TYPS FOR ARTISTS
15 mq
orary Exhibition
Common Kitchen 16 mq Type 2 41 mq
Type 3 50 mq
Relax Room
Common Kitchen
18 mq
Laundry
13 mq
9,5 mq
Type 2
ype 2
Dining Area
7 mq
Common Room 24 mq Type 2 26mq
Type 1_ Single Room Type 2_ Single / Double Room with Atelier Type 3_ Artist’s apartment with family
Type 1
Type 1 18 mq 18 mq
Type 2
16 mq
24 mq
Rehearsal Studio 82 mq
Band Room
Distribution Space Shared toilet
TYPE 1 Single Room
ARTISTS
TYPE 2
Single / Double Room with Atelier
TYPE 3 Artist’s apartment with family
TYPE 1 Single Room
TYPE 2
Single / Double Room with Studio
TYPE 3 Researcher’s apartment with family
STUDENTS / RESEARCHERS
Building n.12 is intended for students and available, such as a library, conference room and bar, the latter also supporting the theatre. The theater dressing rooms of the artists for the show are located. The residences accommodate single or double/triple students but there is also the possibility of having a researcher with family.
WALICĂ“W 12 RESIDENCES FOR RESEARCHERS
Actors’ dressing rooms 54 mq
APARTMENT TYPS FOR STUDENTS
Type 3 47 mq
Type 2 26 mq
Type 1
Actors’ dressing rooms 30 mq
Type 2
Type 2
35 mq
Laundry
29 mq
Common kitchen and dining area 35 mq
Type 1_ Single Room Type 2_ Double Room with studio Type 3_ Researcher’s apartment with family
Type 2
6 mq
33 mq
Bar
35 mq
Conferenze Room
Video Room
47 mq
56 mq
Storage 15 mq
Library 2 and study space
Study Space
50 mq
30 mq
Break Room Relax Space 15mq
Library 1 and study space 46 mq
Distribution Space Shared toilet
TYPE 1 Single Room
ARTISTS
TYPE 2
Single / Double Room with Atelier
TYPE 3 Artist’s apartment with family
TYPE 1 Single Room
TYPE 2
Single / Double Room with Studio
TYPE 3 Researcher’s apartment with family
STUDENTS / RESEARCHERS
In the building adjacent to the memorial outside the project area, a museum function has been inserted: the intention is to create an exhibition that can tell the stories of people who were born and raised in Warsaw in the war years and unfortunately have not managed to overcome those dark years but also the testimonies of those people who in one way or another have managed to escape the massacre. pensieve, a suggestive and emotional place. The external memorial is instead designed as an observatory of what is a past that is trying to reemerge from the ground: through the footbridges at higher altitudes you can see the remains of the cellars of buildings that were once present at that point.
WALICĂ“W 14 MEMORIAL
Exhibition “To Freedom” 315 mq
Archive 325 mq
Thinking spot 136 mq
Exhibition “The faces of the art” 492 mq
Exhibition “Portraits” 492 mq
Exhibition “November 15 th 1940_ The disappearing city” 492 mq
Temporary Exhibition 186 mq
Reception and entrance 126 mq
Bar
47 mq
Bookshop 133 mq
Distribution Space Shared toilet
Photograph from: Joe Julius Heydecker and Heinrich Boll, The Warsaw Ghetto: A Photographic Record 1941-1944, I. B. Tauris , 1990
FIRST FLOOR THE DISAPPEARING CITY
“When in the ghetto I asked men to take headgear, even against the prescriptions of their religion, forced to do so by my uniform of the Wehrmacht. I had to ask them to put it back on.� [J. J. Heydecker and H. Boll, The Warsaw Ghetto: A Photographic Record 1941-1944]
Photograph from: Joe Julius Heydecker and Heinrich Boll, The Warsaw Ghetto: A Photographic Record 1941-1944, I. B. Tauris , 1990
SECOND FLOOR PORTRAITS
“Before the deportations to the gas chambers of Treblinka began, there were even performances in the ghetto with improvised companies of Jewish artists� [J. J. Heydecker and H. Boll, The Warsaw Ghetto: A Photographic Record 1941-1944]
Photograph from: Joe Julius Heydecker and Heinrich Boll, The Warsaw Ghetto: A Photographic Record 1941-1944, I. B. Tauris , 1990
THIRD FLOOR THE FACES OF THE ART
Almost enclosed by buildings 10, 12 and 14 is a ground, which allows from all sides to observe the ruins of the cellars below ground level that are made to re-emerge. This is accentuated by the inclination of the two long sides of the elevation as if to entice the gaze below the ground. The work in section is what best expresses the intent of the project where level from the ground is designed with a system of walkways that allow observation of the ruins and the ability to listen to prayers and songs. On the upper sort of square towards the city, spaces with bars and services where the viewer of the theater can observe the city from another perspective. The culmination is the terrace, which can be experienced both in winter and summer through an opening roof, and which can be used to host any open-air performances.
THEATRE
Thinking spot 128 mq
Public Terrace 982 mq
Bar
388 mq
Gallery 310 mq
Reception 300 mq
Auditorium 310 mq
Backstage 188 mq
Stage 94 mq
Square 108 mq
Temporary Exhibition Space 277 mq
CHPT IV DRAWINGS
-1.90
-1.90
-1.90
+0.70
+0.70
0.00 -1.90
-1.90
+ 1.40
+0.70 +0.70
+1.68
+0.70
+1.68
+1.68
0.00
-1.90
-1.90
+0.00
-1.90
+0.70
-1.90 -1.90
-1.90
+4.40
-1.90 -1.90
+4.40
+5.30
+4.80
+4.80
+4.40
+4.40
+4.40
+4.40
-1.90
+4.80
+0.00
0.00
-1.90 -1.90
-1.90
+11.9
-1.90 -1.90
+11.9
+5.40
+11.9
+11.7
+11.9
+11.9
+11.9
+11.9
-1.90
+11.7
+0.00
0.00
-1.90
-1.90
-1.90
+15.70
+17.00
+17.00
+15.00
+15.70
+15.70
+15.70
+15.70
-1.90
+15.00
+0.00
0.00
-1.90
-1.90
-1.90
0.00
-1.90
+0.00
19.50
17.00
11.90
8.50
4.80
1.40
0.00
-1.90
24.7
4.50
1.40
0.00
19.50
17.00
8.30
4.50
1.40
0.00
24.70
1.40
0.00
THEATRE VIEW FROM ULICA ICCHOKA LEJBA PERECA
GARDEN OF THE MEMORY
OBSERVATORY
MAQUETTE
DANIELA CALUBINI ALESSANDRA CLAUDIA FERRARI ANTONIA RAZZA