Farmers Review Africa March/April 2016 by Mailing Times Media

Volume 2. Issue 2. March - April 2016 F A R ME R S

RE VI E W AF RI CA

I S S UE

Over 100 sales people take part in Case IH Training Camp in South Africa -p12

t Please visi te si b e w the

FARMERS

ZAMBIA FIRST COUNTRY TO CREATE A SMART FARMING TRAINING CENTRE. p7

rica

farmersrevie.cowmaf

REVIEW AFRICA

REFUGEES IN KENYA ARE FARMING THEIR WAY TO SUCCESS. p52

NEW AGRA-WORLD BANK AGREEMENT TO SUPPORT FARMING-LED TRANSFORMATION. p6

Contents

04 Editors note 05 Africa must invest in agriculture 06 New AGRA-World Bank agreement 07 Zambia’s rst on smart farming 08 Proudly South African 09 Agricultural careers attract young people 10 Smart irrigation saves water 12 Over 100 take part in Case IH training 14 Need for S.A’s agri producers to diversify 16 Tormac bags best exhibitor 18 Grain S.A’s Harvest Day 20 One tough animal at Nampo 24 Things you didn’t know about citrus 25 Corn silage harvest tips 26 How to properly clean milking equipment 28 Rethinking farm tires 30 Systems from Rovic Leers 32 High volume or low volume spraying? 34 Safe water guaranteed 36 CASE IH new compact models 38 A guide to water well casing & screen selection 40 Fertilizer management 42 Sowing the internet things into irrigation 44 Get the water back on! 46 New tools improve harvesting 48 PET solutions 52 Refugees farming success 54 Fencing to suit livestock needs 56 Understanding wood preservation 60 AFGRI leads support of agric 65 The right solution 68 Upcoming events 70 Advertisers index

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FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Editors note

Front cover: CASE HI JX45T

Executive Editor Lee Daniels lee.daniels@farmersreview africa.com

Writers Bertha M Maxin Fourie

Subscriptions, News & Press Releases Mthokozisi M. mthokozisim@farmersreviewafrica.com Russou Billiard russoub@farmersreviewafrica.com +27 11 044 8985

Graphic Design & Layout Que Gibson

Published by Mailing Times Media +27 11 044 8986 sales@farmersreviewafrica.com

FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

We have started another fantastic year of reporting at Farmers Review Africa, and I'm so grateful for the support we are receiving from industry players. In this edition of Farmers Review Africa, we want to pay special tribute to the farmers who feed us and take care of the land by sharing some of the many stories. Whether in the city or in the country, farmers are the backbone of our food system and we feel lucky to spend some time putting a spotlight on their hard work. Today's farms are evolving faster than we are able to quantify. It isn't just a matter of acres or equipment; there's also the harder-to-measure matter of business growth and sophistication. Most farms have a work regimen that uses the winter to ensure their equipment, inputs and workforce are all perfectly prepared for peak performance the day they can hit the field in the spring. We share many stories about the innovative things farmers are doing to survive in the current food landscape starting with center-pivot irrigation, which has become the wave of the future in Africa, where farmers are looking to maximize water efficiency and minimize labour costs. Once you have made it through the growing season the time has come to harvest the grain from the field. Harvesting is fun and rewarding but can also be challenging, and knowing when to harvest is key. We also give more insights on it. After all the work you've put into growing and harvesting your own wheat, barley, rye, or millet, the last thing you want is rancid or moldy grain, or an infestation of weevils or mice. Storing your grains properly is essential, thus we educate farmers on how they can do proper storage. In addition, we inform our readers on some things that people need to know about citrus farming in South Africa. If you know of a farmer with a great story to tell, please let us know. In addition to our print magazine, we also collect food and agriculture stories from around the web to share with our readers in our website.

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FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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Market Information Information Market

Africa Must Invest in Agriculture The only way Africa can deliver tangible results in agriculture is to mobilise its own human and financial resources and invest more in the sector. This was said by the African Union (AU) Commissioner for Rural Economy and Agriculture, Tumussine Peace, at the12th meeting of the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Partnership (CAADP) held in Accra, Ghana last week. Peace said Africa also needs to build strong partnerships for an accountable implementation of the CAADP agenda since investment in agriculture makes good economic sense. T h e c h i e f e xe c u t i ve o f fi c e r o f N e w Partnership for Africa Development (NEPAD) agency in Ghana, Ibrahim Mayaki, also urged Africa to invest more in agriculture. He said Africa will only make it happen if "we collectively innovate and agree to account for resources injected, results and impacts that ensue." Mayaki said Africa must innovate because "we need to design new and fit-for purpose instruments that are able to deal with the emerging trends, challenges and opportunities." The meeting was held under the theme ' I n n ova t i ve F i n a n c i n g a n d Re n e w e d Partnership to Accelerate Implementation of CAADP.' CAADP is an agricultural programe of Nepad, which is a programe for the African Union. CAADP's goal is to eliminate hunger and reduce poverty through agriculture.

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FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Market Information Information Market

Boosting African Agriculture: New AGRA-World Bank Agreement to Support Farming-Led Transformation In a new push to catalyze growth in Sub-Saharan Africa's agriculture and food sectors, the Alliance for a Green Revolu on in Africa (AGRA) and World Bank Agriculture Global Prac ce today signed a le er of intent to strengthen coopera on, share informa on, and deepen collabora on including jointly developing a strategic por olio of projects for greater impact.

Speciﬁcally, AGRA and the World Bank will work jointly to iden fy policy constraints that are hindering agricultural transforma on in Africa and collaborate on designing mechanisms to deal with these constraints, beneﬁ ng millions of smallholder African farmers. “Across Sub-Saharan Africa, agricultural transforma on holds the key to economic growth and feeding more people with nutritious, safe and affordable diets,” says Juergen Voegele, World Bank Senior Director for the Agriculture Global Practice. “Our collaboration with AGRA is extensive and we look forward to taking our partnership to the next level so that we can together work to end poverty and boost shared prosperity on the African continent.”

“At a me when AGRA is focused on a significant push for Africa's agricultural transforma on, the partnership with the World Bank provides new energy and drive for the realiza on of this ambi on,” said Agnes Kalibata, President, AGRA. “We are very excited to partner in this ini a ve for achieving our common goals.” The effort comes at a me when there is greater recogni on of the untapped poten al of agriculture and food sectors to deliver development dividends and help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. Despite progress, one in four Africans is hungry, and every one African child in three is stunted. Food demand will rise by at least 20 percent globally over the next 15 years with the largest increases projected in Sub-Saharan Africa. Food produc on in Sub-Saharan Africa will need to increase by about 60 percent. AGRA's goal is to double yields and incomes for 30 million farming households across Sub-Saharan Africa by 2020. This objec ve will be met by suppor ng produc vity improvements on smallholder farms, increases poor farmers' access to markets and finance, while safeguarding the environment. March - April 2016

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FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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Market Information Information Market

Zambia ﬁrst country to create a smart farming training centre Zambia has become the ﬁrst country

remains a somewhat neglected

Messey Ferguson Nuradin Osman

in the world to create a smart

element of agriculture.

says: "We know that Algerian

Senior Vice President of AGCO Rob

know that the Egyptian government

government wants to do this, we

farming training centre. The AGCO-Zambia Agriculture

Smith says: "There are only 4% of

wants to replicate this. So, we are

Training Centre launched in April

African farmers that have signiﬁcant

providing the role by providing the

2016 will fast-track the country's

mechanisation. That

know how but the government will

agricultural sector into the 21st

means 96% of the African people,

invest. Statistically, what we found is

century- as it moves away from its

96% of 600 million is a lot of people.

that the government buys tractors,

dependence on copper.

It could make a signiﬁcant increase

they only last one year - whereas

in personal and family prosperity."

they should last seven years. Many of the products that government bought

Farmers will be taught how to use high technology farming machines at

"The average productivity of our

are idle, that's why we decided to do

the new centre - which will enable

maize crop in the country from

this model. "

them to produce more crops.

conventional farming is just around 1.2 tonnes per hectare. While under

Farmer from Kwazulu Natal Tebogo

Maxus Ng'onga is the Deputy

mechanised productivity is around

Victor says: "I am from a company

Agriculture Minister of Zambia. He

8.5 tonnes per hectare, obviously

that focuses on mechanisation. When

says the new centre will revolutionise

demonstrating the importance of

you have your mechanisation within

not only its country's agricultural

mechanisation enhancing in both

reach, you're sure to implement your

sector, but also empower women,

productivity and production."

plan within the time because

youth and small scale farmers across

Ng'onga added.

agriculture is about time."

Zambia says it is moving away from

"We are here to make sure that when

Sub Saharan Africa. The Agriculture sector employs 65 %

its dependence on copper as

they focus on Africa we need to make

of Sub Saharan Africa's labour force

commodity prices continue to

sure that we use the latest technology

and accounts for 32 % of gross

tumble.

to be efﬁcient in whatever we do."

The new training centre was built at

The summit aims to fast-track Africa's

The sector has gained pace over the

a cost of 15 million dollars. AGCO

farm mechanisation by showcasing

last few years but African farm yields

says it plans to build similar centres

and investing in both animal traction

are amongst the lowest in the world.

across the continent.

projects and mechanically powered

domestic product.

mechanisation, such as in tractors, Smart farming or mechanisation

Director of operations for Africa at

pumps and post-harvest processing equipment.

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[7]

FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Market Information Information Market

PROUDLY SOUTH AFRICAN Proudly South African (Proudly SA) supports the call by the Minister of Trade and Industry, Dr. Rob Davies, for proper labeling of goods sold in South Africa, particularly with regard to chicken.

Adv. Sedibe. Proudly SA has also expressed concern over incidents of dumping of goods from other parts of the world which place a signiﬁcant risk on jobs in various sectors of the economy as well as posing a risk to the health of consumers.

“Consumers need to be afforded the right to make informed choices. While we understand the intricacies involved in the negotiations around AGOA, we believe it is now up to South African consumers to make their own informed choices,” said Proudly SA's CEO, Adv. Leslie Sedibe.

It is calling on consumers to choose local goods and to strategically procure, instead of exporting jobs at the expense of the people of South Africa.

“We call on consumers to choose South African chickens to protect the basis of the poultry industry and the jobs in that sector, instead of poultry and meat products from other countries which may or may not pose a health risk to our people in the long term,” added Adv. Sedibe.

The organization is also calling on the poultry industry and all parties involved in the value chain to ensure that goods are properly labeled with the Country of Origin Label. All products sold in South Africa must, by law, have a Country of Origin Label (stating where the product is from/made/produced or manufactured).

Proudly SA has expressed its concern over the risk to the economy as well as claims of risks to individuals' health as a result of consuming these products.

Under the Consumer Protection Act, it is illegal for an importer or any person to place a label on an item stating that it is made or produced in South Africa, for example, if in fact it comes from another country.

“We're deeply concerned as an organization by the health risk claims that have been raised around salmonella, other bacteria and hormone and antibiotic abuse. We sincerely hope that whoever wishes to import these goods has taken the necessary steps to ensure that our people's health is not placed at risk, particularly the poor who may end up consuming these products because they are cheap,” stated

March - April 2016

Retailers are also prohibited from selling goods if they know or suspect that a description on an item is likely to mislead consumers about the true place of origin. Tampering with labels is also illegal.

[8]

FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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Market Information Information Market

African agricultural careers attract young people Squeezed out of the white collar job markets in many African nation's growing cities, more youth across the continent are looking to agriculture as a viable employment alternative and are moving away from the usual cash crops in favor of faster maturing organic food crops. According to the '2015 African Agriculture Status Report' produced by the Alliance for a Green Revolution (Agra), outdated landtenure systems and lack of access to ﬁnance has deterred new entrants to farming in Africa. The Agra report warned that the continent will not solve its chronic food shortages or worrying unemployment levels among its youth without wholesale changes. And it looks like more youth on the continent are heeding this call and are embracing farming as their ﬁrst choice job. According to a CCTV Africa report, more youth in Kenya are turning to agriculture, particularly organic

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farming, due to growing demand for free food produces by hotels and residents of the country's fast growing urban population. “I define myself as someone who is practicing organic agriculture. I've sat down and really reviewed my business plan so that I can work for profit,” Anthony Munene, an organic vegetable farmers on the outskirts of Nairobi, told CCTV Africa. For many years, poor financial returns and unglamorous prospects of Africa's small-scale farming spurred many young people to leave the fields that their parent and grandparents had tilled for generations and migrate to urban areas. But stiff competition for office jobs in the cities has made some of them to change their mind and go back to the rural area to try their hand on farming. “I want to start my own farm, where I want to go and do vegetables,” Benson Maina, an [9]

FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

agriculture major student at the University of Nairobi, told CCTV Africa. “I will deﬁnitely go into farming directly,” Amweke Emmanuel, another agriculture student at the same university added. The World Bank estimates that 25 million young people will enter the job market yearly in Africa by 2025. African agricultural careers already employ 60 percent of the population. Agriculture is the only sector that will be able to absorb the coming rush of young energy.

March - April 2016

Market Information Information Market

Smart irrigation saves water

A degree of operational loss is unavoidable when using irrigation. But water loss because of poor or non-existent maintenance of irrigation equipment, pipelines and dams, is unacceptable. How is Irrigation efficiency defined in practical terms? In its broadest sense it must be how efficient the whole system is from the point of extraction to the plant's root zone. What percentage of the volume pumped reaches the root zone and stays in the root zone, without moving through to deeper layers in the soil? Key factors determine the application, irrigation efficiency and economics of cost-effective sprinkler systems, whether hand-movable, solid set or centre pivot. The most suitable and cost-effective irrigation system for a specific application is determined by the size of the land to be irrigated, the crop, the water source, energy and labour.

March - April 2016

In the sprinkler method of irrigation, water is applied above the ground surface as a spray somewhat resembling rainfall. The spray is developed by the flow of water under pressure through small orifices or nozzles. The pressure is usually obtained by pumping, although it may be by gravity if the water source is high enough above the area to be irrigated. The irrigation water is distributed to the field through pipelines. Sprinkler irrigation is adaptable to most crops, soils and topographical circumstances. However, for an economical system and even water distribution over the total land surface, careful judgement of the design criteria is required. With careful selection of nozzle sizes, riser heights, operating pressure and sprinkler spacing, water can be applied uniformly at a rate lower than the infiltration rate of the soil, thereby preventing runoff and the

[10] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

resulting damage to land and crops. Static systems are either sprinklers or sprayers such as draglines and side-roll systems, which are moved manually from one position to another at regular intervals; or permanent-set systems such as the highly efficient micro-drip, microspray, mini, midi and regular sprinklers which, once installed, remain in the same position indefinitely, or at least until the crop is harvested. DRAGLINE Dragline hoses are used where a sprinkler is connected to one end and a lateral pipe to the other end. The sprinklers can then be moved without displacing the pipeline. The system consists of permanent laterals and sprinklers – no laterals and sprinklers need be moved. Different irrigation blocks are controlled by means of valves. The dragline system consists of a mainline with fixed or portable

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laterals. A flexible dragline hose (20 or 25mm diameter) connects a tripod stand, mounted with a sprinkler, to the lateral. Portable laterals are moved once each stand has completed its positions. One hose and sprinkler can usually cover 3, 5 or 7 positions from a lateral. Historically, dragline systems have used impact sprinklers which, in comparison with pivot, micro and flood irrigation, are water-use inefficient and energyinefficient. Draglines are more likely to be selected than centre pivots because of unsuitable land shape or financial constraints. The cost per hectare of a centre pivot decreases exponentially with area irrigated, but for dragline and fixed/static systems, the cost per hectare is relatively constant.

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Other advantages include: · Less labour required than for a quick-coupling system, usually one labourer per 15ha. · No need to switch off pumps when sprinklers are moved. · With permanent laterals, no pipes are moved, only the tripods and sprinklers. · Dragline hoses have a 5 or 10 year lifespan. · The system has the lowest cost of all sprinkler systems The success or failure of an irrigation system depends to a large extent on careful selection, thorough planning, accurate design and effective management.

[11]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Market Information Information Market

Over 100 sales people take part in Case IH Training Camp in South Africa St. Valentin, 28 April 2016

speciﬁc to the respective markets and

their salespeople an excellent

Case IH recently hosted a Commercial

their customers. Highlighted products

opportunity to experience in depth the

Tr a i n i n g C a m p f o r o v e r 1 0 0

were, among others, the Axial-Flow

Case IH product range and the power of

salespeople from the African and

140 and 240 series, the Magnum and

the brand in the ﬁeld,” explains Gavin

Magnum Rowtrac, Puma, Ecolo Tiger

Enright, Commercial Training Manager

and True Tandem Turbo.

for Europe, Middle East & Africa.

During the practical training, the

The two-week Training Camp was

dedicated to salespeople from South

participants had the opportunity to

rounded off with a Customer Day event

Africa and the second to salespeople

get behind the wheel and test drive

with more than 400 visitors from Africa

from the rest of Africa and the Middle

Case IH tractors and combines.

and the Middle East attending.

East.

Participants were accompanied and

The practical training took place on the

T h e C o m m e r c i a l t ra i n i n g c a m p

assisted by Case IH Commercial

13,000 hectare Cairo farm, belonging

provided extensive ﬁrst-hand

Training experts. They were shown

to a Case IH subdealer of Northmec

information on the Case IH product

the latest product advancements and

(South Africa's dealer) who is also an

range and its advantages and included

enhancements and encouraged to ask

important customer in the region.

competitive comparisons. The training

sales related questions.

Jaap Van der Westhuizen, dealer

Middle East regions. The two-week training session, which took place from the 5th to 14th of April, was held in Parys, South Africa. The ﬁrst week was

focused on products and sales features March - April 2016

“The training offered our dealers and [12] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

principal of Cairo Group, commented on www.farmersreviewafrica.com

Market Information Information Market

the quality of the event and the high

equipped with the CVT transmission,”

all of us more at ease with the machines

proﬁle of its organization: “I would like

says Jaap. An opinion of a dealer, but

and we deﬁnitely increased our product

to highlight the excellent job made by

also of a relevant Case IH client. “Our

knowledge. It is always a great idea to

the training staff. They are all experts

Farming division produces agricultural

combine the machines on the walk-

in their ﬁeld. The passion and the

products on 13 000 ha of land. The

around and the practical training to

knowledge they have for the products

products we produce are Soya,

are of world-class standard.”

Sunﬂower, Corn and Sorghum. We

“This kind of training gives salesmen

only use Case IH products on the farm

and all the people involved a very good

because they are reliable and they

and fresh look at the newest

deliver to their customers needs,”

improvements on the products, as well

concludes Jaap.

a s t h e i r a d v a n t a g e s . We a l s o

From Northmec, main dealer in South

b ra n d w o r l d w i d e . O u r b ra n d i s

appreciated the hands on comparison

Africa, 83 salespeople attended the

diversiﬁed in all ﬁelds and can compete

between Case IH and other products

training course. Jacques Coetzee,

in every way. We have a complete

on the market,” says Jaap.

Product Manager Case IH at Northmec

“The machines used at the theoretical and practical training were selected well to cover the whole range of product offering but I would say that

representative who has not yet driven a Magnum Rowtrac, a Patriot sprayer or

“The Case IH brand is a competitive

says: “The event was a huge success and we all enjoyed it. The Case IH

product offering and can ensure farmers that we have everything to meet their expectations and needs,” concludes Coetzee.

training team was very professional

Exceeding customers' expectations in

and the trainers were very

terms of productivity and proﬁtability

knowledgeable on all the Case IH products. The training deﬁnitely made

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

there can always be a new sales

the impressive Quadtrac unit.”

the product that stood out above all wa s t h e n e w M a g n u m Ro w t ra c

make you test-drive the equipment as

[13]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

and supporting them with innovative products and excellent services is Case IH's mission. In Africa, in the world.

March - April 2016

Market Information Information Market

The urgent need for SA's agri producers to diversify to survive the economic, natural resources crisis South African agricultural producers need to future-proof t h e i r b u s i n e s s e s b y m ov i n g beyond just primary production and adding greater value to their customers, and even endconsumers, through increased participation in the agri value chain. This, according to Carel Serfontein, CEO of the Sernick Group, a diversified agricultural a n d a g r i c u l t u ra l p r o c e s s i n g company based in Kroonstad, Free State, is the future of agriculture in South Africa. “The return on investment in traditional farming is marginal, but the return on investment in further processing and marketing agricultural products is substantial. Adding value and selling it to the consumer is where the market is, where the stability is and where the profit is. This approach ensures a more profitable agri business that is robust and more resilient to fluctuating market conditions,” March - April 2016

Serfontein explains. Owning the value chain He uses the current drought to showcase the merits of producers being active further along the value chain. Right now, because of the animal food shortage as a consequence of the drought, beef farmers are forced to sell their cattle, resulting in an oversupply in the market. This is driving down the prices farmers are getting for their cattle. Serfontein believes if primary producers could take ownership of some – if not all – of the functions in the value chain, they could ringfence costs and signiﬁcantly augment their overall proﬁts at times like this. The same, he says, applies to the devaluation of the rand. “This is another market challenge beyond producers' control that could be turned into a positive opportunity if handled correctly. There are massive export opportunities available, but these remain out of the reach of the farmer who [14] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

doesn't add value,” he notes. Serfontein speaks from experience as head of one of South Africa's few agricultural producers that doesn't only participate in the value chain, but owns it, from farm to plate. This visionary approach to agriculture has seen the Sernick Group grow its turnover from R170 million in 2006 to more than R1 billion in 2015, despite tough prevailing market conditions. It's a model the group has taken years to perfect, and one it hopes other local producers will learn from in creating a more sustainable local agricultural sector. Eyeing the end-consumer The Sernick Group was established in 1983 with just 30 Bonsmara heifers and 250 hectares of land by Carel's father, Nick Serfontein, then a consultant engineer. “I was passionate about farming,” he recalls, “but quickly realised being merely a producer wasn't going to be enough; I needed to get www.farmersreviewafrica.com

Market Information Information Market to the consumer. I knew I had to cut out the middleman, own the value chain, and become the price maker not the price taker, which is the unfortunate position many of our farmers ﬁnd themselves in today. But there was no model for me to follow, so with plenty of blood, sweat, tears and courage, I found my own way.” Over the years that included developing a comprehensive value chain through establishing a 5000hectare farm (1200 hectares of cultivated pastures, and the balance natural grazing) with a Bonsmara stud of 500 breeding cows; a fully automatic bull testing station (for Sernick bulls and those of other breeders); a feed factory that produces an average of 6000 tons of animal feed including beef, lamb, dairy, chicken, pork and game feed (of which two thirds is sold and the balance used internally); a feedlot with the carrying capacity of 8000 cattle; an abattoir with a full deboning and

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processing facility; and four Sernick Country Meat branded retail butcheries (two in Kroonstad and two in Gauteng). Through these business units, the Sernick Group today employs more than 400 people. Expanding operations To remain competitive and grow proﬁts, the company has a ﬁrm expansion plan in place that builds on the success of its end-to-end model by optimising all entities along the value chain. Currently, the bulk of the farm's meat is sold to wholesalers, but the company intends developing its own wholesale distribution network as well as increasing its number of retail outlets to at least 10 by 2017. The group's abattoir recently received export status, and as such the company is in the process of investigating opportunities in

[15]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

the export market. Branding their Bonsmara meat is also on the cards. Supporting emerging farmers At the heart of the Sernick Group's approach has always been sustainability – sustainability of its own operations and of South Africa's agricultural sector as a whole. It was against this backdrop that the group launched its CSI programme under the leadership of Patrick Sekwatlakwatla – South Africa's first black cattle judge. The programme aims to uplift emerging farmers through ongoing training, assistance in procuring financial resources, and the supplemented feeding of emerging farmers' animals. This is in addition to the Sernick Group's ongoing financial support of local community churches, NGOs, sports teams and educational activities at its farm school.

March - April 2016

Business Profiles

cop

Enterprises Ltd

TORMAC PUMPS along with FINECOP Enterprises Ltd, Lusaka an ofﬁcial distributor for Zambia

-Bags “Best Exhibitor Award Indoor Exhibition - AGRITECH - 2016” Tormac Pumps - Finecop Enterprises Ltd, Lusaka have participated in Agritech Expo -2016, Chisamba and have won the best Exhibitor award for Indoor Exhibition. This award recognizes the company's performance for providing high quality and innovative pumping solutions. “Tormac Pumps” – leading water pumps manufacturers and exporters from India having expertise for more than 50 years of March - April 2016

manufacturing different types of pumps and motors. Tormac has got a global presence in more than 40 countries and the products are employed in various applications like irrigation, domestic, constructions, institutions, mining & Industrial. Finecop – Tormac jointly working in Zambian market since 2011to support the pumping needs of Agricultural, Residential, Mining, Government Institutions, NGOs and Industrial customers.

[16] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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Market Information Business Profiles

The Finecop Enterprise Ltd, is been established in Zambia with a Vision to provide complete water solutions with world class products and services and to create more employment for the people. The company has a dedicated workforce for sales and after sales service with a team of more than 20 people. Quality is the key factor for all Tormac products, production of flawless and efficient products on par with international standards. The wellequipped R&D wing stays alive to the changing global trends and comes out with viable solutions for innovative product development and upgraddations. Prevailing to the current African field conditions, we are delivering high quality & Energy efficient products of Stainless steel and Cast Iron bore hole pumps (4”, 6”, 8” & 10”), serviceable type water filled motors (4”, 6”,8” & 10”), Booster pumps, Centrifugal pumps, Inline boosters, uPVC riser pipes, control panels and cables. Tormac and our channel partners are committed providing complete water solutions for African customers. Providing right Technical solutions to

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customers make sure perfect product selections for trouble free operations, better efficiency, energy savings and reliable product life. In the recent participation in Agritech Expoth th 2016 (14 Apr – 16 Apr) Tormac - Finecop displayed entire range of products which really attracted the Farming community and most of the customers are eager knowing Tormac energy efficient submersible pumps & solar driven pumpsets. Overall Agritech Expo is a good start up to understand the minds of customers to deliver better services. Naargo Industries Private Limited Tel: +91 422 6522622 / 2535636 Fax: +91 422 2531956 email: tormac@tormacpumps.com website: www.tormacpumps.com Finecop Enterprises Limited Plot: 1636, Crescent Industrial Complex, Malambo Road, Lusaka Landline: +260 211 243285 Mob: +260 955515585 / +260 972186875 email: sathish@finecopglobal.com sk@finecopglobal.com

[17]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Market Information Information Market

Grain SA's Harvest Day 17-20 May The Nampo Harvest Day is an annually

there it moved to various farms until

continuously variable transmissions

organised trade fair held to

its size and growth demanded a

provide for fast, safe and precise

supplement the farmers in the region

permanent home. This was

reaction, as well as optimal fuel

with a complete perspective into the

established in 1974 on a venue

efﬁciency when operating both in the

latest farming products and

outside Bothaville, on what is known

ﬁeld and on the road.

equipment.

today as NAMPO Park.

Also helping to reduce fuel

One of the largest privately organised

Today the NAMPO Agricultural Trade

consumption are a power take-off

and owned exhibitions in the world and

Show draws more than 600

( P TO ) p a c k a g e a n d p r o g r e s s i ve

the largest show of agricultural

exhibitors, spread over 24 hectares

electrohydraulic control. The large 600

machinery and livestock in the

and the demonstration area covers 80

litre fuel tank capacity and a new

southern hemisphere takes place

hectares.

electronically controlled cooling system

annually out-side Bothaville in the Free

The NAMPO Agricultural Trade Show is

further ensure that maximum

State, Republic of South Africa.

dynamic. It adapts to the ever-

efﬁciency and low fuel consumption are

Organised by Grain SA, it provides a

changing needs of farmers and

achieved, which is particularly useful

unique opportunity to

exhibitors and, while initially targeted

during road transport when ambient

all

manufacturers and distributors of

only at maize farmers, today

temperatures are high.

agri-cultural machinery, products and

embraces all farmers.

How are you optimising on your water

services to exhibit as well as

Outlook from this year's exhibition

supply?

demonstrate their vast range of

Eqstra Industrial Equipment (EIE)

If you have a limited water supply, you

products to their targeted customers -

Eqstra Industrial Equipment (EIE) will

need to optimise your usage. Getting

the farmers of South Africa.

unveil its latest exciting addition, the

through a drought is a combination of

Interactive tractor & implement

Deutz-Fahr 9 TTV series, to its range

having enough water stored and

demonstrations are an unique feature

of best-inclass tractors .

utilising your water supply in the most

of the show which allows farmers to

EIE is the licensed distributor for

efﬁcient way possible.

view interactive demonstrations of an

Same Deutz-Fahr (SDF) products in

Ensure that your irrigation system is

exhaustive range of machinery and

South Africa. Setting new standards in

not over-designed and that you are not

impliments, establish their

efﬁciency and fuel economy, the

overusing the available supply of water.

performance and effectiveness and

DeutzFahr (DF) high power 9 TTV

Without a continuous water source, you

use this knowledge for product

series offers the local agricultural

need to consider storage. When

purchases in future.

industry unequalled performance and

planning your storage, ensure that you

The ﬁrst NAMPO Agricultural Show

reliability, but not at the expense of DF

optimise its purpose.

dates back to 1967. The main object of

tractors' renowned versatility and

This may be to enlarge the storage

the show was for farmers to be able to

maneuverability.

volume, and where possible cover it to

compare farming products of different

The 9 series tractors comprise four

avoid excess evaporation. Eradicating

manufacturers on one site. The ﬁrst

models from 270 hp to 340 hp, with a

leakages is vital, as large volumes of

show took place on the farm

maximum lifting capacity at the ball

water are lost over time. Once you have

Donkerhoek outside Bloemfontein and

end of the quick ﬁt rear arms rated at

storage, optimise and extend the time

was attended by 200 farmers. From

12 000 kg. The Deutz-Fahr TTV

of your water availability.

March - April 2016

[18] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

Market Information Information Market Elsumo supply energy efﬁcient water

The FSA 90 and FS 90R brush cutters

supply equipment, combined with over

ensure that overgrown areas are not

TopDry's all have large volumes of

100 years of expertise. With their

an issue. These professional grade

grain in process with low airﬂow rates

technical advice and guidance, you'll

machines are lightweight and easy to

compared to other drying systems. This

soon be headed in the direction of

operate, and have been designed to

allows for gentler hand ling, which with

making the most of your valuable

cope with large areas of tough grass.

additional management, can even

resource, and survive it through the

The FSA 90 has a cutting diameter of

make the drying of food-grade grain

worst of times.

260 mm and the FSA 90R has a 380

possible. Diversity, ﬂexibility and

provided.

Cordless convenience and power

mm cutting diameter. Both models are

stateof-the-art control make it a

Stihl was started by a German

perfect for maintenance work in

reliable and convenient solution for

engineer, Andreas Stihl, in 1929. He

noise-sensitive or highly populated

grain drying and storage.

was passionate about creating a one-

areas.

Breakthrough technology reduces costs

man chainsaw and it's this passion for

One of the most efﬁcient methods of

on an annual basis – new brand identity

development that has spurred the

drying grain

to be unveiled at NAMPO

company into becoming the world's

With the GSI TopDry grain dryer, you

Bearings International (BI), will be

biggest selling chainsaw brand, as well

get the best of both worlds: A highly

unveiling its new brand identity to the

as expanding into the agriculture,

efﬁcient grain dryer with the added

agricultural sector at this year's

construction, landscaping and

beneﬁt of grain storage of up to

NAMPO.

homeuser sectors.

834,58 mt.

BI's diverse product line-up meets a

An example of their innovation is the

Conventional grain drying is done by

broad spectrum of requirements of the

new cordless range of professional

all heat drying and cooling. This is

South African agricultural sector. This

grade products, which offer

done in a cooling bin that has proven

runs the gamut from supplying

convenience and mobility. Lightweight

to be one of the most efﬁcient ways to

bearings and chains to couplings and

yet powerful, they are easy to handle

dry grain.

transmission products for ar duous

and start at the touch of a button.

With the GSI TopDry system, we go

farming applications such as ploughing,

There's no mixing of fuel and minimal

one step further by capturing the heat

planting, harvesting and baling.

maintenance. They offer reduced

normally blown out of the top of the

BI is also able to provide expert advice

noise and emissions, plus unmatched

cooling bin and reuse it in the drying

on keeping farming equipment

versatility as batteries are

process. In addition, it allows ﬁlling,

operating at optimum efﬁciency, in

interchangeable with other Stihl

drying and dumping operations to be

addition to outlining the most optimal

cordless products. Several products in

run automatically in the AutoFlow

maintenance procedures. It carries a

the range are ideal for agricultural

models. It is also a storage bin, which

comprehensive stockholding of spares,

applications.

ensures that additional storage is

in addition to chains and V-belt drives.

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

[19]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Machinery Preview

Bobcat S650 makes light work of agricultural tasks

One Tough Animal at Nampo 2016 Bobcat compact machines and

design and construction of compact

or rent a machine for every job on the

attachments that will add value to any

equipment have been harnessed into

farm. Taking on a multitude of tasks,

farm by making light work of a wide

every Bobcat machine and

the Bobcat is an adaptable farm-hand

range of agricultural tasks will be

attachment. The design principles of

that delivers maximum availability and

showcased at Nampo 2016.

quality, high performance, efﬁciency,

uptime, lowest possible cost of

“When a difﬁcult economic climate

durability, easy maintenance and

ownership and quick return on

makes the going tough, farmers can

operator comfort are inherent to

investment,” says Steenkamp.

count on tough Bobcat machines and

every Bobcat. Add the remarkable

Alongside the Bobcat TL 358 Agri

attachments that deliver lowest

assortment of attachments and each

telehandler, the S650B skidsteer loader

possible cost of ownership and quick

machine is transformed into a tough

a n d t h e E 1 7 m i n i - e x c a v a t o r,

return on investment,” states Bobcat

versatile multi-tool that takes care of

attachments including augers, bale

Equipment National Sales Manager,

a wide range of farming applications

spikes, dumping hoppers, farm utility

Andre Steenkamp.

fast, efﬁciently and affordably. “It is

grapples, landplanes, pallet forks and

Over 50 years of experience in the

simply impossible for a farmer to own

skeleton buckets will show off their

March - April 2016

[20] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

Machinery Preview

The Bobcat-E17 mini excavatorexceptionally tough workhorse on the farm

machines. “Machines and attachments, fully refurbished to prowess at the agricultural show in May.

OE quality, are available at extremely affordable prices

With its innovative design and state-of-the-art

from our Used Equipment Division,” comments Steenkamp.

technologies, the Bobcat telehandler excels in the most

Farmers are assured of rapid product and service support

demanding agricultural applications. This compact, strong

from Bobcat's strategically located branch network. “We

and agile machine will quickly become irreplaceable on the

recently opened a new fully equipped ofﬁce and workshop

farm.

in Nelspruit, Mpumalanga, which we share with Goscor Lift

The outstanding power and hydraulic performance,

Truck Company. “This has gained us a ﬁrm foothold in the

combined with a completely re-engineered cab, ensure that

Lowveld area of Mpumalanga, across a large part of

the Bobcat skidsteer loader will do more, do it faster and

Limpopo and into Mozambique to bring products, parts and

better than its nearest rival.

services closer to all our customers in the region,”

The superior working range of the value-for-money E17

concludes Steenkamp.

gives this Bobcat mini-excavator extreme versatility while a

Alongside Bobcat, two other companies in the Goscor

thick steel tailgate, side covers and oversized cylinders

Group, Goscor Hi-Reach and Goscor Power Products, will

achieve exceptional durability.

also exhibit their agricultural product offerings on stand 56

With the establishment of its Used Equipment Division,

A – C at Nampo 2016.

Bobcat is making it even easier for customers to invest in a

BOBCAT EQUIPMENT SA (Pty) Ltd Email: bobcat@goscor.co.za Web: www.bobcatsa.co.za

Bobcat and reap all the beneﬁts offered by these compact www.farmersreviewafrica.com

[21]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Ideas & Innovation

GSI Arch Span Structures The power of a factory, on site and on time. Fast, efﬁcient, economic, and strong. The new Arch Span Structures from GSI are poised to revolutionize the building, storage, and crop protection industries in Africa. This unique system utilizes a factory on wheels to create water and airtight structures in any conﬁguration a customer could require. By bringing the factory to the job site, GSI SA is able to provide turnkey solutions to building needs that are both cost effective and time saving.

March - April 2016

The GSI Arch Span Structures uses coiled steel to create a model 600 arched panel with diameters of up to 20 meters. By mechanically seaming these arches together, a watertight and self-supporting structures is created that can be extended to any length required. This method is not only efﬁcient because of its single piece design, it's also fast. A fully enclosed structure with 500 square meters of ﬂoor space can be completed in as little as 4 days!

[22] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

Ideas & Innovation

GSI archspan structures

Because they are highly customizable, GSI's Arch Span Structures can be used for an almost inďŹ nite variety of applications. With the addition of a chain conveyor embedded into the concrete ďŹ&#x201A;oor a very cost effective storage solution for maize can be created. Polyurethane insulation foam can be applied to the inside of an air

conditioned building to keep potatoes or onions cool and fresh after harvest. By installing large sliding doors on the end wall, a customer can have a secure hanger to protect planes, trucks, or mining equipment. The number of options really is limited only by the needs of the customer.

Cropping

Things you didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t know about citrus farming in South Africa

South Africa is the world's third largest producer of citrus

Dwindling fortunes

fruits, after Turkey and Spain.

In 2016, adverse weather conditions, mainly extreme heat

In Africa, The Southern

African nation's biggest competitor is Egypt. The country

and drought are set to drastically reduce the nation's citrus

reaps big from exports of the fruits to European and Asian

fruit export volume. This is a result of the lowest rainfall

markets.

received in the nation since 1904. The drought already led

Valencias, Grapefruits, Navels and Mandarins are the main

to the production of small fruit which is not readily

types of citrus fruits exported by South Africa.

marketable unlike the big fruits. In 2015, Eastern Cape

Below are some things to know about citrus farming in

experienced good rainfall amounts and helped supplement

South Africa.

other areas hit by the adverse weather patterns. Contribution to economy

Africa leading exporter

Citrus farming is a major agricultural sector in the Rainbow

South Africa is Africa's leading exporter of Citrus fruits,

nation. It earned about $611 million (R 9.4 million) in 2014.

alongside Egypt. The Eastern Cape is the nation's leading

It contributes about R3 billion to the economy annually. In

producer of lemons. It accounts for half of the total

2015, South Africa exported 1.77 million metric tons of the

production. Limpopo province has the largest area under

fruits.

citrus cultivation. This is 134,697 acres, which is 42 percent of the region's 64,510 hectares.

Employs 60,000 people permanently, 100,000 others during harvest

Europe is the leading market, but Asia is catching on

At least 60,000 people are permanently employed by the

European countries are the leading markets for citrus fruits

sector. It is a major source of income in the citrus-rich belt

from South Africa. In 2014, the nation started exporting

of Mpumalanga, Western and Eastern Cape, Limpopo,

more fruits to the Asian market after exports to Europe

Mpumalanga and KwaZulu Natal.During the peak

were affected by the black spot fungal disease. It sent 4.5

harvesting season, from May to the end of October, at least

million cartons of the fruit to China. On October 15, 2014,

100,000 more are employed.

the exports to European were stopped as new import duties the black fungal disease that affected the quality of citrus for export. Exports resumed in 2015.

2015 was a record year for citrus farmers In 2015, the nation enjoyed its best ever citrus fruit harvest. It exported 118 million cartons by the end of

It's partly done under irrigation

November. This was the best returns, both ďŹ nancially and in

Citrus is done under irrigation and rain-fed agriculture in

volume of export in the nation's history. It also exported a

the country.

record 77 million cartons of oranges, which surpassed the

It is a major activity in the Eastern Cape,

Western Cape, KwaZulu Natal, Limpopo and Mpumalanga. March - April 2016

previous mark of 75 million cartons. [24] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

Cropping

Corn silage harvest tips Whether the ﬁnal use is for silage or grain, having a

as the kernels mature, because dead corn plants are much

good crop of corn this coming fall means beginning

more susceptible to stalk rots and lodging.

with a good stand.

2. Kernel milk line

One of the most common mistakes farmers make each fall

Use milk line as a general guide or as an “early

is harvesting corn for silage before it's at the ideal stage for

warning system,” but it should not be the ﬁnal

yield and quality. Many farmers make a practice of looking

determinant.

at the ear to see if the kernels are dented, and if they are,

Corn kernels mature from the outer cap to the tip that

they ﬁgure it's ready to chop. This method is quick and

connects the kernel to the cob. As the kernel matures and

easy, but often results in silage with dry matter levels

starch formation becomes complete, it takes on a dry,

several points too low.

chalky appearance. There's a deﬁnite line between this and

Following are four tips to help decide whether it's time to harvest your corn crop or if you should wait a few days or more.

the still-developing starch; this is called the milk line. 3. Whole plant dry matter testing Heat drying is the only accurate way to determine the

1. Dented doesn't mean done

dry matter of whole plant corn forage.

Don't rely on stage of kernel dent to make ﬁnal

Start with a representative sample. Avoid the outside few

decisions on harvest. It's a sign that harvest time is

rows of the ﬁeld, and try to ensure that the sample is as

getting close, but it's impossible to determine whole

close as possible to what's in the whole ﬁeld.

plant dry matter based on kernel dent.

4. What's the idea dry matter content for corn

Most corn hybrids will begin to dent (the indentation forming at the end of each kernel) well before the whole

silage? Aim for 32 to 34 percent DM for most harvest and

plant is at the desired stage of maturity. Furthermore,

storage situations.

genetic differences can result in corn becoming fully dented

This depends to some extent on two variables: the type of

at widely varying whole plant dry matter levels. This is due

storage structure and whether the crop is harvested using a

mostly to what seed companies call “staygreen,” which is

chopper equipped with a silage processor. Some ﬁeld crop

the ability of the plant to remain alive as the ear matures.

handbooks state that 28 to 35 percent DM is the normal

This is a big advantage for grain corn farmers, who want

range for corn silage, but 28 to 30 percent DM is not ideal.

their plants to remain alive and healthy as long as possible

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

[25]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Health & Safety

How to properly clean milking equipment Proper cleaning of milking equipment contributes to

more), a water softener should be used. The bicarbonates,

ensuring that high-quality milk is produced on the dairy

sulfates, and chlorides of calcium or magnesium present in

farm.

hard water can neutralize detergents, decrease rinsability,

All milking equipment, lines, and utensil surfaces that come

create ﬁlms on equipment, and cause problems with water

into contact with milk or dirt or manure must be thoroughly

heaters. The compatible cleaners would then be used

cleaned and sanitized before the next milking. Bulk milk

according to manufacturer's directions in relation to

tanks also must be cleaned after each milk pickup and

amount and concentration of cleaner, temperature of the

sanitized before the next milking.

cleaning solution, and contact time of the cleaning solution

Goals of cleaning milking equipment are to prevent

and the surface to be cleaned. In other words, read the

microbial growth and remove residual milk solids.Residual

label! Measure the correct amount of water to be used in the

milk solids are called “soils” and contain both organic and

cleaning cycle.

inorganic materials.

Usually an alkaline or chlorinated cleaner (alkaline cleaner

Soils that are retained on the inner surface of the milking

with added chlorine) followed by an acid cleaner is used.

system provide nutrients and areas for bacteria to grow,

Alkaline cleaners usually contain basic alkalies,

and these soils also reduce the effectiveness of the cleaning

phosphates, wetting agents, and chelating agents. They

and sanitizing compounds.

dissolve milk fats, proteins, and carbohydrates, and loosen

The milking system includes the milking claws and

and suspend other soil particles so that they can be

inﬂations, receivers, pipelines and milk storage tank –

removed by mechanical action, i.e. by brushing or by

everything that comes into contact with milk.

circulation cleaning. The chlorine aids removal of protein

Types of Soils

deposits and prevents the formation of ﬁlm. They are not

Organic soils consist of the major organic constituents of

sanitizing agents! Acid cleaners remove or prevent

milk: fats, proteins, and sugars. It is important to remove

accumulated mineral deposits or milkstone buildup. Rinse

these soils from surfaces as quickly as possible after

the pipeline with an acid rinse (e.g., 1 oz. acid per 5 gallons

milking because their adhesion to surfaces increases with

of water) immediately after the detergent solution is rinsed

time, dryness of the soils, and heating. After they dry and

from the system. Bulk tanks can be rinsed with acidiﬁed

harden, they form a deposit that is difﬁcult to remove.

water after the detergent solution is rinsed off by installing

Mineral soils, or inorganic salts of various minerals (usually

a spray unit to the water line that automatically adds the

calcium, magnesium, or iron) in milk or water, are

proper concentration of milkstone remover.

precipitated by alkaline conditions or heat. Cleaning agents

Sanitizing Milking Equipment

can actually enhance precipitation of these salts if they are

Cleaning reduces bacterial numbers on surfaces but does

not compatible with water hardness conditions or are used

not eliminate all types of bacteria. The sanitizing of surfaces

in concentrations or at temperatures contrary to

within 30 minutes of the next milking destroys nearly all

manufacturer's recommendations. Precipitated minerals

lingering organisms if: (1) the sanitizing solution used is of

on surfaces of milking or milk storage equipment can

proper strength, and

combine with organic soils to form a deposit called

(2) a thorough cleaning precedes the sanitizing. Improper

milkstone.

cleaning results in residual soils that can protect bacteria

Cleaning Agents

from the sanitizing action.

Effective cleaning of milking equipment begins with

Some sanitizing compounds lose strength with time in

analysis of the water supply for mineral content or hardness

storage (chlorine compounds) or increasing pH (chlorine

and choosing a cleaning compound that is compatible with

and iodine compounds). Some are unstable at

the water. When the water hardness exceeds 10 grains per

temperatures above 120°F (iodine compounds), while

gallon, it may be necessary to increase detergent

others are not compatible with hard water (quaternary

concentration. In very hard water (30 grains per gallon or

ammonium compounds).

March - April 2016

[26] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

Ideas & Innovation

Rethinking farm tires Center-pivot irrigation has become the

wanted to shelter the tower so the

circles or wipers.

wave of the future in Africa, where

ground would remain dry.

Plastic tires are fully UV-treated,

farmers are looking to maximize water

What more can you do with a farm tire

allowing them to last longer than

efﬁciency and minimize labor costs.

that hasn't already been done? It's a

rubber, according to lab testing. The

Towering frames and water-ﬂowing

question that many pose as farmers

plastic concept is fairly new, but

nozzles are the most obvious

work to make the most from the

accelerated testing has proved a 10-

components of a center-pivot

technology available to get improved

plus-year life span is common for these

irrigation system. But manufacturers

traction and performance?

types of tires.

say giving attention to the dirty work of

If you're looking to replace tires on

They have a mid-range cost,

irrigation tires can help farmers reduce

your irrigation system, the decision

comparable to that of a domestically

compaction and provide long-lasting

can be daunting when balancing it

manufactured rubber bias tire.

operation with minimal maintenance

with farm income. Whether your

One of the main downfalls of plastic

cost.

problem was ﬂats, ruts or something

tires, however, is the tendency to cause

Flats usually happen at inconvenient

else, there's likely a tire solution that

ruts in heavier soils saturated with

times and places, when the corn is

can alleviate those issues.

water. As a result, they're not generally

high, the heat is intense and the tires

To give you a better idea on how to get

recommended for high-water

are difﬁcult to reach without damaging

the best value for your money, here's

applications or heavy, gumbo soils,

the crop. Farmers should invest in tires

an overview of the tire and wheel

where they may dig in more than

that will puncture less and last longer

options available for center-pivot

rubber tires due to their relative

in order to reduce in-ﬁeld

systems.

inﬂexibility.

maintenance.

No-ﬂat solutions

Additionally, plastic tires are somewhat

Tire maintenance can be costly and

Plastic tires – Manufacturers offer

limited in the number of sizes available.

troublesome for irrigators—especially

roto-molded plastic tires made of

They can be found for most standard

during the summer.

high-density poly. These tires simply

rims but are not always offered for

If you've been around center pivot

bolt onto the irrigation system's

specialty rims.

irrigation systems and haven't had a

existing rims, eliminating the need to

Steel wheels – Another no-ﬂat option is

tower stuck or been jolted when you

purchase rims with the tires, although

steel wheels. Understandably, they

drive a combine over a dried, deep rut,

they can be purchased as assemblies

have a higher up-front cost since the

consider yourself fortunate.

for quick unbolt/rebolt.

farmer has to purchase an entire wheel

Ruts have been problematic for center

The main beneﬁt of plastic tires is they

rather than just the rubber or plastic to

pivots since they ﬁrst appeared on the

never go ﬂat. Not only does this save

go on an existing rim.

landscape a half century ago. And they

time repairing ﬂats, but it also

Additionally, there are several issues

still are.

eliminates crop damage from bringing

commonly associated with steel

More than 30 years ago, a patent

in service equipment to repair those

wheels. Welds may break, the wheels

sought to solve the rut problem by

ﬂats.

can rust, and customers often

attaching a plow behind the pivot

Another advantage of this tire is its

experience longer lead times.

tower to return the displaced soil into

non-directional tread design, which

Nonetheless, the solid-steel

the rut. A Soviet patent in 1990

allows it to be used universally in

construction allows them to stand up

March - April 2016

[28] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

Ideas & Innovation well to heavy applications such as

bias tires as standard equipment.

competitively today.

corner arms. Some farmers swear by

These are the least expensive tire

Despite which type of bias tire is used,

steel, while others have had poor

option, and they are available in many

air is a big disadvantage, since a ﬂat tire

experiences, making it difﬁcult to

sizes to accommodate standard rims

can cost a lot of money in repair and

recommend this product across

as well as larger specialty rims used

downtime.

various applications.

for increased ﬂotation and heavier

They generally require tubes, which

In the end, the decision to go with steel

loads.

add cost. Another drawback is the lack

wheels generally comes down to

Rubber tires are also sold in

of ﬂotation due to higher inﬂation

personal preference.

assemblies, which are very handy to

pressure needed to keep the bead

Tracks – There are two types of tracks

have on hand to quickly unbolt and

seated. Because of the old technology

for irrigation systems: over-the-wheel

rebolt during irrigation season.

found in bias tires, ﬂotation is reduced

(available in plastic and metal) or

There are a wide variety of

as the tires are inﬂated and lose

complete track systems, which replace

manufacturers who make bias tires.

footprint.

the entire wheel assembly.

Domestically manufactured tires can

Radial tires – Radial tires take

Over-the-wheel tracks, which are

be up to 30 percent more expensive

advantage of modern tire technology.

installed over the existing tires, are

than imports. In the past, domestic

They run at a lower psi, keeping the

only available on certain types of tires

tires typically came with better

tread face ﬂat on the ground to

– particularly recaps, which have

warranties and warranty support, but

maximize their footprint, traction and

limited availability.

in recent years import tire quality has

ﬂotation. Because radial tires ﬂex, the

Track systems have the largest

improved. In fact, certain import

tire cleans out better than bias tires.

footprint and offer the most ﬂotation

brands now offer ﬁve-year warranty

Radial tires are constructed with tighter

when working in difﬁcult soil

and domestic warranty support.

bead tolerances so they can be run at

conditions. However, they are the

Recap or retread tires were more

lower air pressure without the risk of

most expensive option on the market.

common in the '70s and '80s. Back

bead breaks, eliminating the common

In addition to the high purchase price,

then, there was a greater supply of

problem of bead leaks in pivot tires.

track users can expect to pay more for

good-quality tire casings from the

Also, manufacturers offer warranties up

maintenance because track systems

trucking industry that were being

to eight years for radial irrigation tires.

have a lot of moving parts.

recapped for use on irrigation

Cost is a main deterrent of purchasing

Depending on the amount of use,

systems.

radial tires. They are higher-priced than

some users have to replace wear parts

As tire technology has improved over

bias tires and approximately 10 percent

every three to four years. If over-the-

the years, tire carcasses now have

more expensive than plastic no-ﬂat tires.

wheel tracks are used, the moving

many more miles (from extended use

parts and rubber tires are also subject

in the trucking industry), making the

The other disadvantage is they are

to wear and air leakage.

recaps less dependable in the ﬁeld.

pneumatic, so there's still the potential

Pneumatic-tire solutions

There is a trend toward lower-proﬁle

to go ﬂat, even though they are

Bias tires – The most common tire

wider tires in the trucking industry,

constructed much stronger than

option on irrigation systems is bias

which also limits availability. As a

traditional bias tires.

tires. All irrigation manufacturers offer

result, few suppliers sell recap tires

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

[29]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Cropping

Mechanizing PECAN farming: Systems from ROVIC LEERS The objective of mechanizing any process is to become a more competitive producer. The three most important areas of mechanization opportunity in Pecan Production are: · Harvesting · Spraying · Tree structure management Harvesting The objective is quite simply to be able to gather, sort and transport the product to the point of ﬁnal processing for the market. The value of pecans have become such that THEFT and LOSSES have become the main loss factors to prevent, and mechanizing with the correct equipment offers this solution. ·

Shaking

This process needs to be quick, effective (not leaving valuable crop hanging in the tree) and not having the risk of driving over the crop lying on the ground – which is another direct loss factor. The COE M7 MONO BOOM Shaker has been designed for large (up to 16m) pecan trees, and has the capacity to strip the tree of all nuts quickly and effectively. No tractor-mounted shaker has this capacity. The standard sweepers in front and behind each March - April 2016

wheel assure the minimum of crop being trampled into the ground.

and direction will assure a clean tree line.

If only 5% crop losses due to inefﬁcient shaking and damage to trampled upon crop can be prevented by investing in the COE M7 MONO BOOM shaker, this will translate to a R600 000 crop loss per annum on a 50 hectare farm producing 3 tons/ha!

The FLORY 78 SERIES AIR CAB Sweeper/Blower ads the comfort and tree line accessibility to the features above.

Sweeping/Blowing

The FLORY range of Sweepers and Blowers are available in both selfpropelled and tractor-mounted models – the performance is exactly the same, and the choice of the customer revolves around accessibility under the trees (selfpropelled version has an extremely low profile of 1,4m) and operator c o m f o r t ( a i r conditioning/heating/dust suppression) more than anything else. The FLORY 9685/9610 sweeper is independently floated, following the ground contour for a clean sweep of 2,6m width. The drive to the reel is hydrostatic, and the speed can be adjusted to suit material volume and forward speed, supporting the clean sweep, and preventing any crop loss. The FLORY 2500 Blower with dual blower outlets and adjustable air flow [30] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

Harvesting

Both the trailed FLORY 860 and the selfpropelled FLORY 8600 harvesters have the exact same harvesting capacities and crop cleaning characteristics. A low velocity, high capacity fan and a 3-step cleaning process effectively gets rid of pebbles, dirt and sand through the chain and grass and leaves through the suction process. This all adds up to less dust and wear. The hydraulically adjustable hitch for the large capacity tow-behind cart assures optimum manoeuvrability, effectively allowing entering into every row and being ready for harvest within 7 – 10m from entrance. The selection of tow-behind carts available is: 1180-S : Bottom drop, 2 – 2,5 ton crop capacity 1190-C : Rear discharge, 2 – 2,5 ton crop capacity 1395-C : Rear discharge with Stick remover & collection box, 3 – 3,5 ton crop capacity

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Cropping

Transporting

The FLORY ST12 Shuttle truck is designed to keep your harvesting process 100% continuous – no need to drive out of the orchard with the harvester to unload cart. The unique forward/rearward drive capability linked to the drive in auto unload capacity of the rear discharge FLORY cart allows for on-the-go emptying of the cart and a huge improvement of the daily harvesting capacity. Spraying The development of the CIMA STANDARD and EXTREME PECAN spray heads, with the valued assistance of ELVIN ARCHER and JOHAN COETZEE, has resulted in an effective spraying solution, spraying to both sides in PECANS and reaching heights of up to 16m in the orchard.

Tree structure management The GILLISON GVF Rear Centrallymounted Topper and Hedger allows for optimum operator visibility and safety. It mounts to the normal three point linkage of a tractor, and has an independent hydraulic system. The cutter blade length of 5m and the reaching height of 6,5m for ﬂat topping of material up to 35mm diameter make for efﬁcient tree structure management.

The use of ultrasound (optional) results in the spraying of only the trees, not the gaps in between. In young orchards, this will result in huge savings of chemical, reduced contamination, and more hectares per day per sprayer.

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The competitive edge of the ROVIC LEERS solution ·

· Spray volumes of 1000 – 1500 litres/hectare results in an evenly distributed recovery of active ingredient over all tree surfaces. Venturi technology assures consistent ﬂow rates and droplet sizes, minimizing loss and the risk of wrong calibrations.

COE M7 Mono Boom Shaker: A clean shake with all the crop harvested and wheel path brushes resulting in no crop trampled upon will give extra crop yield per hectare and subsequent better income/ha. FLORY 9685/9610 Sweeper: Independently ﬂoated and adjustable sweeper bar speed result in clean sweeping of all the material into the windrow – supporting optimal crop yield for improved income/ha. FLORY 2500 Blower: Dual blower outlets and adjustable air ﬂow and direction resulting in a clean tree line with all the crop ready for sweeping into the windrow also supports optimal crop recovery for maximized yields and income/ha. FLORY 860/8600 Harvester: Low velocity fan and 3-stage cleaning process reduces dust and results in a clean crop delivered to the cart.

[31]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

Operator comfort enhances the efﬁciency of the harvesting process, resulting in more hectares harvested per day, reducing cost and risk of crop loss due to theft. FLORY Rear Discharge Carts: Large capacities for less e m p ty i n g t i m e a n d m o r e productive harvesting. FLORY ST12 Shuttle Truck: Onthe-go emptying of FLORY Cart allows for maximum hectares h a r v e s t e d p e r d a y. T h i s reduces the risk of crop loss due to theft and nature, increasing effective income per hectare. CIMA Venturi PECAN Sprayer: Proven ability to spray up to 16m high trees effectively reduces risk of disease and nutrient status stress. This results in a healthier tree producing optimal crop yield per hectare. CIMA ULTRASOUND: Spraying only the tree, not the gaps. Less chemi cal used, l ess contamination, more hectares per day sprayed. These all result in less cost and higher net proﬁts, and at the same time reduce environmental contamination. Let's farm for our children! GILLISON GVF: Rear centrallymounted Topper and Hedger allows for a clear view for the operator on his task, resulting in a safe, effective process.

The national ROVIC LEERS service network through our independent Dealers will allow you the peace of mind that your capital equipment will receive the most professional service available.

March - April 2016

Cropping

High Volume or Low Volume Spraying? The focus into improving biological efﬁcacy of agrochemicals by improving application techniques and apparatus has never been more intense.

active ingredient into their environment to affect them. Again, this category requires drenching the environment in a quest to achieve contact.

Risking over-simpliﬁcation, there seems to be primarily two schools of thought that need to be considered:

The above applications are not technically SPRAYING operations, but rather DRENCHING, and has very little SCIENCE built into it, achieving high levels of COVERAGE by the mixture, but VERY LITTLE CHEMICAL RECOVERY. This constitutes a HUGE AMOUNT of WASTE and ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION, at EXHUBERENT COST TO THE PRODUCER. It should be restricted to the minimum.

1. Improving biological efficacy by increasing application volumes. 2. Improving biological efficacy by reducing application volumes and increasing chemical concentrates. It is imperative to understand that neither of the above is intrinsically “right” or “wrong”. What is important though is to understand which strategy would be beneficial to the biological outcome in which circumstance. Circumstances favouring increased application volumes 1. Applications where the “active ingredient” has no or very little chemical activity. · Winter and summer oil applications (with no second active ingredient with a chemical activity for controlling the first instar larvae) for Red Scale. In this approach the functionality of the oil is physically to SUFFOCATE the DORMANT Red Scale. The principle is simple – although it is possible to drown in a cup, it is much more probable to drown in the sea! In this case – more free water/oil gushed into the target area will have a better chance of control. · Winter oil sprays to break the rest cycle have the actual objective to “wake up the tree by strangling it momentarily” and also require the bark to be drenched. 2. Applications where chemical activity is the driver. · Insect vectors hiding behind bark and/or protected by their own natural structures can pose a virtually impossible situation to get the March - April 2016

Low Volume, High Concentrates The SCIENCE of effective application of agrochemicals has the sole purpose of optimising the RECOVERY of ACTIVE ingredient on the target area. The proper DISTRIBUTION UNIFORMITY on the target and throughout the total target area is of equal importance. This has been shown in numerous recent (2009-2015) trials to be far better achieved by a reduced volume and a pro-rata increased concentrate to keep the active ingredient per hectare constant. This has been demonstrated in Vineyard, Apples and Citrus through independent research*. The reason is simple: A certain surface area will only be able to “carry” a certain amount of atomized solution before run-off will commence. At that point we have exited SPRAYING and entered DRENCHING. *If you are interested in this research, please send an email request to: mariusr@rovicleers.co.za Marius Ras (M.Eng) Group Marketing Director ROVIC LEERS 082 453 4808

[32] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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“We love to breed quality bulls for Africa” Tel: 083 454 3095 www.devlan.co.za

ARC National Beef Cattle Improvement Herd Of The Year 2015

BreedPlan’s S.A Stud Breeder Of The Year

New Products & Services

Safe water guaranteed Liquiline System CA80NO, the new colorimetric analysing system from Endress+Hauser, offers precise online monitoring of nitrite in drinking water, mineral water and raw water for food production. It enables plant managers to comply with stipulated limit values and deliver detailed documentation. Liquiline System CA80NO

preparation and reagents work reliably and without manual

Comply with limit values The availability of healthy and safe water is gaining more and

intervention over a longer period of time. Maintenance tasks

more importance and with it the need for reliable water treatment. Nitrite is a major chemical indicator of the water

can be carried out easily and with minimal tools, reducing

quality because it is toxic and promotes the formation of

maintenance costs and increasing process uptime.

carcinogenic nitrosamines. This is why authorities stipulate

Easy operation and commissioning

strict nitrite limits that waterworks and producers of mineral

Liquiline System shares the user-friendly operation that plant

water or food can only achieve by extremely precise monitoring of the nitrite values. Liquiline System CA80NO

personnel already know from other online analysis

offers optimum support for manufacturers. It uses the standardised colorimetric naphthylamine method following

parameters such as pH or chlorine as it has the same

ISO 6777 and DIN EN 26777 – ensuring consistent

hardware and software interfaces - operating errors are

comparability to lab measurements. The analyser also

virtually eliminated. The analyser can be easily upgraded to a

features detailed logbooks that provide continuous

complete measuring station, for example by connecting a

documentation of the nitrite values and enable plant managers to prove compliance to water authorities.

Memosens turbidity sensor. Liquiline System then adopts the

Optimise the de-nitriﬁcation process

transmitter functions, which reduces the total number of

In drinking water treatment, dissolved nitrate is reduced to

devices in the plant. Commissioning of sample preparation is

molecular nitrogen through a series of intermediate products. Liquiline System CA80NO monitors this denitrification process online and delivers measured values fast – helping to optimise the control of carbon dioxide dosing. It also supports plant operators in handling process disturbances promptly by advanced diagnostics via remote access. The analytical system increases the safety of the denitrification process. Low reagent consumption and simplified maintenance Operating costs of a colorimetric analyser is dependent on the consumption of reagents and calibration standards over its lifetime. The Liquiline System is designed with highly

also simple. The self-priming version for particle-free water does not require any additional settings. For applications where sample preparation is needed, the CAT810/ CAT820 sample preparation systems are available. They are fully controlled by the analyser via Memosens communication. Liquiline System analysers and sample preparation systems help waterworks managers and producers of mineral water or food to keep their water treatment under control and comply with the strict regulatory limits, while making daily life easier for operators. For further information, please visit http://bit.ly/23gKM9C or www.za.endress.com

precise dispensers for reagent dosing and an efﬁcient cooling

Enquiries: Jan Swart

system. This guarantees reduced consumption and increased

Product Manager – Analytics Endress+Hauser (Pty) Ltd

lifetime of the calibration standard. Automatic cleaning and

Tel: (011) 262 8000

Fax: (011) 262 8062

calibration functions ensure that the analyser and its sample

www.farmersreviewafrica.com March - April 2016

[34]FARMERS REVIEW AFR CA [34] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016 March - April 2016

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[35]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

May - June 2016

Machinery Preview

CASE IH extends JXT Series tractor range with new compact models Case IH launches three new JXT tractor models below 50 hp, extending this easy to use, reliable and economical tractor line to provide compact solutions to farmers.

The Case IH JXT range offers totally reliable, high

package.

performance utility tractors that are real workhorses

Power and fuel efﬁciency

and great all rounders. Due to the strong heritage of

The new JXT models feature rugged and reliable 3-

Case IH tractors, they can be relied on to provide

cylinder, naturally aspirated engines that offer a

efﬁciency, productivity and an excellent return on the

powerful performance with exceptionally low operating

customer's investment.

costs. The engines on the two smaller models deliver 35

The JXT Series consists of ﬁve models ranging from 35

and 42 hp at 2000 rpm. The biggest of the three, the

hp to 75 hp, with the addition of three new models. The

JX45T, generates 47 hp at 2300 rpm: this is a true

new JX35T, JX40T and JX45T, available in two- or four-

heavyweight in the 45hp segment. The low rpm result in

wheel-drive, deliver power and economy in a compact

a great performance with excellent fuel efﬁciency.

March - April 2016

[36] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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Machinery Preview

Engineered for high output and economy

The single piece front hood offers excellent visibility to

The JXT Compact range is available with a choice of 8x2

the front and makes it easy to service the tractor. With

or 8x8 mechanical transmissions engineered to deliver

power steering, the operator will enjoy minimum fatigue

high output and feature a new driveline with side shift

on long working days.

and inboard epicyclic rear drive. The transmission

JX45T: a true heavyweight in a compact package

housing provides a common reservoir for the

The JX45T delivers a powerful performance in its

transmission oil and hydraulic system oil.

horsepower segment which, together with its weight,

The JXT tractors feature an independent PTO clutch that

gives it the means to pull and control bigger loads. The

is engaged and disengaged with a lever, resulting in

high hydraulic ďŹ&#x201A;ow results in fast cycle times on scissor

longer clutch life. The ground PTO, whose speed is

tip trailers. With the independent and ground speed

proportional to the tractor's travel speed, is capable of

PTO, and the waterproof transmission, it provides an

powering a wide range of implements with ease and

excellent solution for the harsh conditions rice and palm

precision also at low speeds. The Lift-O-Maticâ&#x201E;˘ rear

oil growers face.

linkage control with height limiter ensures the accurate setting of implement lift height.

For more information contact:

Outstanding comfort

Silvia Kaltofen

The wide platform provides ample space for the

Ph: +43 7435 500 652

operator. The ergonomic layout puts the controls within

Case IH Communication Specialist Africa & Middle East

perfect reach, including the side shift gear lever. The

Email: silvia.kaltofen@cnhind.com

modern and elegant instrument cluster is easy to read.

www.caseih.com

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[37]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

A guide to water well

casing and screen selec on Water has played a vital role in the advancement of mankind. The earliest traces of civilization reveal that those cultures which ﬂourished were able to employ water sources for domestic, and agricultural purposes. A c h a ra c t e r i s t i c o f a l l d e v e l o p e d countries today is their ability to use productively the water made available to them. Regardless of purpose, almost all water wells must be provided with a means of protecting the borehole and provision made for the entrance of water from surrounding aquifers. While well casing is simply deﬁned as the material that cases or lines a borehole to prevent formation collapse, there are varied interpretations of the meaning of well screen. This is due to the existence of many designs throughout the world. In this guide, screen refers to that structure in

a well, which protects the borehole, but allows the entrance of water. In this sense, screen is a ﬁlter. The durability and efﬁciency of a well depend to a large degree on its design, construction procedures and selection of casing and well screen. However, casings and screens alone comprise the principal substance of a completed water well.

Strength and Durability Regardless of construction method, water well casings and screens have some common requirements. Strength must be adequate to withstand not only the stresses of installation, but also other forces which may be applied during well completion, development and use. The forces of installation which tend to pull the casing and screen apart must be exceeded by the tensile strength of

the material. The resistance of the casing to collapse must be greater than the external hydrostatic forces calculated.

Handling and Maintenance E a s e o f t ra n s p o r t , h a n d l i n g a n d installation are important considerations. These not only influence cost but are also relevant to the selection of the type of casing and screen field connections. Casing and screen should be designed to facilitate future rehabilitation including cleaning, incrustation removal, redevelopment and repair. Another consideration is the possibility of future well deepening. Casing and screen diameter as well as type and material selected are influenced by the parameters. A Hydrological survey is essential when extracting water Water Technology Plastic Industries

Mud drilling tri-cones

(WTPI) a company specialises in abstracting water from sand deposits using mud drilling techniques and specialized screening methods. The company is one of the largest manufacturers of PVC Borehole Casings and Screens in the Southern Hemisphere. Founded in 1997 and situated in Randburg South Africa, WTPI supplies PVC Products in all forms, extensively covering all aspects of water supply and the movement of water. According to the company a thorough geophysical survey by qualified hydrologists should be regarded as an essential prerequisite to drilling for water on any farm. From this survey, the farmer will know where his best source of water is located on the farm, and how best to tap the source. For more than 20 years, this company has specialised in working on farms and sites where ground water is flowing through sand and gravel, such as an existing or an ancient river bed, and a survey would show this up but not necessarily result in a call for their services. “But we strongly urge farmers looking for water to have their land surveyed,” says Mr Billy Shield. “To date we have been involved in several major water extraction projects, including the massive Sabie River at Chisambanji in Zimbabwe in 80's where a 12 well point system delivers some 999 240 litres/h, says Mr Shield. It is important, says Mr Shield, that the rate at which the water flows into the

Johnson wedge wire screen

Well conﬁguration drawing

screen be kept as low as possible, with a maximum rate of 0,0305 m/sec (0.1ft/sec). In this way, movement of silt is kept to a minimum, and the gravel envelope around the screen should remain permeable for a long period A major advantage of this system, says Mr Shield, is that if a farmer ﬁnds this well producing less water, it is easy to service the well by re-developing it, or even treating it with acid or other chemicals to clear algae or mineral deposits. Well production and capacity depend on the amount of water in a given formation, what the available head of water is above the screen, and how rapidly this water can permeate through the formation. Where there is too little drawdown (i.e. the level of water above the screen is to shallow), or the rate of replenishment is too slow for a given pump, the well will begin sucking air and cavitation will take place, and the motor could burn out. A thorough knowledge of the hydrology of the area is essential in order to design a system which will best suit that farmers needs and the nature of the supply. From this survey, the farmer will know where his best source of water is located on the farm, and how best to tap the source.

serious about getting high-quality clean water from the drilling operation this is a worth-while investment”, concludes Mr Shield Extracts taken from Farmers Weekly Dec 12 1986 Edition, written by Clarke Gibbons. Contact: Billy Shield Managing Director Water Technology Plastic Industries Pty Ltd +2711 708 3691 tel +2711 026 4251 neotel +2711 708 3695 fax Fax: +27 83 654 6771 mobile Email: billy@wtpi.co.za www.wtpi.co.za

“For a farmer or land owner who is

illustration - Mud drilling

The drill string is turned at surface, which turns the bit at the bottom of the hole

The teeth on the drill bit grind the rock into fragments, or “cuttings”

Drilling mud is pumped down the inside of the drill pipe, through jet nozzles in the bit, and into the ‘annulus”. This is the space between the sides of the hole and the drill pipe.

The mud lifts the cuttings and circulate them back to surface where they are removed.

Ideas & Innovation

Fertilizer Management and Handling Solutions It is important for users of fertilizer to

Fertilizer to be stored for a period

affected over time. The storage

understand the basic physical

before use should be covered with

conditions, the type of fertilizer, and

properties of fertilizers and how they

impermeable sheeting to prevent

the physical condition of the product

can be adversely affected by storage

contact with moist air. The cover

will determine the period for which

conditions, transport and handling

should be arranged so that all air

fertilizers can be satisfactorily stored.

procedures. It is equally important to

movement is eliminated. Canvas

be able to calculate fertilizer product

tarpaulins are not suitable because

application

they are permeable.

rates

from

Bagtech

recommendations for application of

Fertilizers can cause harm if they

Based in Durban, South Africa,

individual plant nutrients.

reach surface or ground water.

Bagtech is focused on offering a

A containment approach should be

Excessive nitrate concentrations in

supply chain management service

adopted for the handling and use of

drinking water can cause health risks,

and developing custom-made

fertilizer. This means that during the

especially in young children.

equipment for handling bulk

transport, storage, and any other

Phosphorus can be transported to

fertiliser. The company offers

handling operations, operators should

surface waters and cause algae

advanced technology through an

ensure that the fertilizer is contained

blooms and eutrophication; resulting

innovative management system in

within the transport vehicle or storage

i n p o o r wa t e r q u a l i ty. S t o r i n g

partnership with Festo in order to

site so that possible adverse

fertilizers separate from other

provide accurate information to

environmental effects from spillage

chemicals in dry conditions can

their clients. The company's main

are avoided. The loss of product during

minimize these risks. Extra care needs

goal is to offer their clients all their

the handling, transport, or storage of

to be given to concentrate stock

expertise in the fertiliser industry by

fertilizer is a potential point source of

solutions. Secondary containment

providing consultancy, equipment

pollution, which can be effectively

should always be used.

and services around Africa. As far as

managed if appropriate actions are

Fertilizer should be stored in their

products are concerned, we can

taken.

original containers unless damaged;

design in-house fertilizer blending

Storage and handling

labels should be visible and readable;

plants from 45tph, coating plants

Fertilizer should be kept dry and free

food or beverage containers should

40tph, bagging equipment from

from contamination. One way of

never used for storage. Labels should

10kg to 1ton, screening equipment

achieving this is to use a storage area

be in plain sight; no containers should

and any other compact fertilizer

with a roof, concrete ﬂoor (which

come in contact with ﬂoor; all

plant as per customer needs.

includes a damp proof course), and

containers should be stored up-right;

The Bagtech team actively

concrete walls of sufﬁcient height to

aisles should be wide enough to

participates at national and

allow front end loaders to operate

comfortably accommodate workers;

international market level in order

effectively when loading out of

containers should not be crowded on

to develop new technologies for the

storage. The ﬂoor should be designed

shelves or pallets.

African continent – in other words

to bear the weight of vehicles during

In general, the nutrient value of

from Africa to Africa. “We are a

loading and unloading. To keep the

fertilizer is not diminished in any way

partner with our customers, not only

fertilizer in the same condition during

during storage. However the physical

a supplier. We offer technical visits

storage, it is important to control any

handling characteristics of fertilizers

to the customer's facility to

moisture changes in the fertilizer.

in storage are likely to be adversely

understand the client's needs before

March - April 2016

[40] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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Ideas & Innovation selling any equipment or services. Our

Pelleting makes

goal is to bring solutions to them.” says

hygienic to handle and work with and

consistent quality.

Fred Coelho, Managing Director of

can be applied with normal fertilizer

As consumer demands increases on a

Bagtech. Bagtech works 24/7 to bring

machines.

fertilizer more

daily basis, the farmers had to focus on

their clients the best solutions when they are needed. Efﬁciency, reliability

harvests, which results in more

producing harvest that offers higher Combined Sales

nutritional quality, more pleasing and

and commitment – those are

Combined Sales provide a complete

longer lasting. Speciality fertilizers are

Bagtech's priorities.

range of products and services

an essential component for growing

With nearly 30 years of development in

targeted at creating value for

harvests to match these expectations.

the agro-industry in Africa, Bagtech

agriculture customers.

offers its own technology in fertiliser

Traditional fertilizers replace the

Contributors

equipment - always focusing on

nutrients used by growing crops; this

Bagtech

continuous improvements for

makes the soil productive for further

Agricon

customer beneﬁt. The company has

cropping. Liquid fertilizers are reﬁned

Combined Sales

developed auto correction algorithms

combinations to further optimise crop Bagging Equipment

which detect changes of flow characteristics in fertilisers due to changes in density or moisture. Advanced and intelligent monitoring systems can assist plant operators with the control of the plant and supply critical information when needed, accessible from around the world. Highly accurate Servo radial gates control the flow of fertilisers very precisely without causing any damage to the product. The company has shown a major growth and, is currently employing +150 staff, having as its clients some of the major players in the fertilizer market, including Toyota Tsusho in Kenya – which is Bagtech's latest customer, and are present in +30% of the main ports in Africa, with more than 70 plants sold across Africa. Agricon Agricon manufactures cost-effective, eco-friendly pelleting solutions. The pellet machines are manufactured from the best quality waterjet- and lasercut steel plates. The company employs the latest stateof-the-art 3-D designing software, coupled with CNC equipment cutting to manufacture the finest quality pellet machines. Agricon patented pellet machines are supplemented with a range of product handling equipment such as augers, mixers, hoppers, bucket elevators and bagging units, to name but a few.

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[41]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Ideas & Innovation

Sowing the internet of things into irrigation

Advanced communications technology advancing agriculture is nothing new. Farmers have been using GPS systems on their tractors to cut more precise and efﬁcient rows for the last two decades. The current trend is toward applying wireless technology to farming practices, especially toward more environmentally friendly irrigation practices. Irrigating farms, however, is costly for farmers. Farmers must spend money on irrigation maintenance, labor, and e l e c t r i c i t y f o r p u m p i n g wa t e r. Irrigating farms also contributes to two primary water-related issues: scarcity and environmental externalities. First, water has become increasingly scarce. Second, the over-watering of crops causes nutrients to leach into groundwater, most notably nitrogen f r o m f e r t i l i z e r, w h i c h h a s a detrimental impact on water quality – both locally and globally. Runoff of nutrients can contaminate surface water. The uses and beneﬁts of wireless technology for irrigation management vary geographically. March - April 2016

Some can rely on wireless technology to manage water use in the face of drought while others, can rely on wireless technology to manage water use to avoid nutrient run-off and groundwater contamination.In all cases, better management of irrigation, and the incorporation of wireless technology, is likely to bring signiﬁcant beneﬁts. Due to the fast development in telecommunication technologies, we believe that a wireless solution for irrigation in agriculture. This system has fully utilized wireless sensor network, Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) and short message service (SMS)/missed call to carry out data from the sensors to computers or directly alert the farmers through their mobile phone and to control the remote watering process , also through the mobile phone. This practice eliminates the use of wired technology, improves the old method of collecting data in farming areas and allows farmers to control their sprinklers remotely. Also, It has been observed that source of electrical energy generation is slowly [42] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

depleting using solar energy. Mobile technology can beneﬁt millions of farmers by providing a solution for the irrigation problems. Mo i s t ure- s ens i ng d evi c es al l o w farmers from remote positions at any time in the day to more accurately determine when to irrigate and when to shut the water down. Role of Wireless Technology in Water Management Wireless irrigation systems such as remote pivot controls and variable rate irrigation (“VRI”) reduce the amount of labor required on farms while streamlining the irrigation process. Remote pivot controls give farmers the ability to direct pivot irrigation systems using satellite, cellular networks, or other telemetry systems rather than drive out to the ﬁelds and adjust their systems manually. These controls give farmers the ability to start and stop pivots and chemigation, to adjust pivot speeds, as well as to monitor the system's geographic position; they can also alert farmers through email or text message if a pivot shuts off unexpectedly or experiences a technical issue. www.farmersreviewafrica.com

Ideas & Innovation

Finally, farmers can control the hydraulic commands of scraper blades, which improves the grading, ditching, and plane generation for irrigation. Similarly, VRI allows farmers to prescribe different watering intervals for different zones of their crop fields to improve irrigation efficiency. For example, farmers can program different sections of sprinkler pipe to pulse off at prescribed intervals rather than watering crops continuously, which conserves water and prevents nitrogen loss from leaching. Farmers whose soil conditions vary within fields can use VRI to apply water at different rates based on soil type rather than apply water at a single rate. This heterogeneous water application avoids overwatering some soils while under-watering others. Farmers can also use a telematics system to improve irrigation by collecting information on soil and plant moisture levels and weather conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity, and wind). One method for collecting such data is soil moisture sensors, which measure changes in soil water content in the root zone of crop fields and wirelessly transmit data to computers or tablets for farmers to review. These systems connect to cellular or satellite modems, with some models taking soil moisture readings as often as every 30 minutes with multiple sensors placed at various depths underground. Some technology firms have also embraced cloudbased data centers as a means of collecting and providing soil sensor data to farmers. Other technologies, such as web-based irrigation scheduling systems, help guide the timing and quantity of irrigation through interactive computer models that synthesize data on soil type, local weather conditions, plant growth stage, and daily www.farmersreviewafrica.com

crop water use. These systems can be particularly helpful when determining the timing of the ﬁrst irrigation of the season, as often there is the temptation to begin watering crops too early Wireless technology has proven to be particularly beneﬁcial to agriculture for irrigation management and water conservation by reducing the labor intensity of farming and creating pathways for more precise information about growing conditions.

[43]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Cropping

ALFALFA: GET THE WATER BACK ON! Producing high-quality Alfalfa under irrigation in the Northern and Eastern Cape requires prompt and effective irrigation to ensure the best possible yield. During the harvesting process, irrigation has to be interrupted from the optimal cycle, and in most cases this means stunned growth, and in severe heat wave conditions even potential crop damage. ROVIC LEERS introduces the superfast, super-efficient solution in harvesting ALFALFA: 1. Mowing Conditioning: The KUHN FC813R front and rear combination mower conditioner, with an effective mowing width of 8m, has a suspension that allows negative movement achieving mowing speeds of up to 18 km/hr and a triple swath deposition makes for extremely quick mowing. The steel roller conditioner and the non-interrupted crop flow makes for a fluffy, scattered swath row which will enhance extremely quick and even wilting in the swath. 8 meters March - April 2016

of crop in 3 windrows wilts much quicker and more even than the whole swath in one windrow! 2. Gathering – not raking: The KUHN MM900 Merger has an effective gathering width of 9m, with the ability to create a centre or side swath – either side. The windrows from the FC813R are gently but quickly gathered and ushered into one larger, still ﬂuffy and scattered windrow to one side. This can happen within minutes after mowing, preventing discolouration and leaf loss during the gathering and wilting process. Returning with the MM900 and swathing to the other side, creates a total of 16m of pre-wilted crop lying in one windrow, still ﬂuffy with extreme good aeration, allowing the completion of the wilting process to the correct humidity within a very short period of time.

[44] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

3. Baling: To effectively bale a windrow of 16m of crop to the required densities and bale uniformity that will fill a 40ft container to full payload for export purposes requires only one machine – the KRONE 1290 HDP XC HI SPEED BIG PACK BALER. A 16m swath fed into the pre-chamber over a camless pick-up with 5 rows of pick-up fingers and a small diameter makes for fast, soft crop handling – minimal leaf losses at baling speeds of 18 km/hr and beyond. This is a baler that has the capacity to keep up with the super-fast FC813R mower conditioner. 4. Bale grouper: One of the time-consuming processes during the Alfalfa harvest involves the collection and transportation of the bales out of the field. Keep in mind – regrowth after mowing will only start once the first irrigation after mowing is done – and throughout this process the crop is not growing – losing valuable production time and www.farmersreviewafrica.com

Cropping

Krone 1290 HDP High Speed Big Pack Baler

Bale grouper

capacity! Collecting bales lying all over the field one by one, loading on a trailer and transporting it out of the field is not only time-consuming, but also makes for a lot of traffic on the field, leading to unnecessary and unwanted compaction – again suppressing optimal growth and yield. The PHIBER BALE ACCUMALATORS are trailed directly behind the BIG PACK baler, and is available in 2 models – a 3-bale horizontal and a 3-bale vertical configuration. Both models can be programmed to drop either 2 or 3 bales together, and the dropping position can also be managed by an application to ensure that bale stacks are left in a virtual

diagonal line over the field. Easy to pick up, minimal travelling on the field for minimum soil compaction. The above solution optimizes the following during the harvesting process: · Quickest possible turnaround time from the first cut to the last bale out of the field and the irrigation started – potentially saving 2 days in this process in a season with 9 cuts, gives an extra 18 days of growth. This is equivalent to an extra ½ cut per season! The extra crop yield achieved in this way should go a long way towards paying for the above solution! · Minimal leaf loss throughout the whole process will

enhance the protein and quality of the crop – allowing you to demand optimal prices. The special multi-swath to single swath process will result in a very green crop in the bale – best colour – best quality – best price.

Buying equipment to harvest your crop is not the correct strategy – buying a complete SOLUTION to OPTIMAL CROP YIELD, COLOUR AND QUALITY from ROVIC LEERS is the way to go! You are cordially invited to see the whole solution at NAMPO 2016! Marius Ras (M.Eng Mech)

KUHN FC813R front and rear combination mower conditioner

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[45]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

New Products & Services

Ahead of the curve new tools improve harvesting efficiency The popular conception of farming as low-tech is woefully out of date. Modern farmers are high-tech operators: They use GIS software to plan their fields, GPS to guide field operations, and auto-steer systems to make tractors follow that GPS guidance without human hands. Given this technology foundation, the transition to full autonomy is already in progress, leveraging commodity parts and advanced software to get there more quickly than is possible in many other domains. With recent volatility in the cost of crop inputs — combined with the challenges of hiring and retaining quality farm labor — more than ever, your farm customers are looking for ways to increase productivity per man as well as the number of acres they cover per day. But no single action provides the total answer for attaining maximum profitability. It's all about striking the right mix of robust crop management, crop marketing and sound equipment decisions to best manage risk. Combine Auto-Steer Many different precision ag technologies have been introduced during the past 15 years, but few of them have been adopted more March - April 2016

rapidly than GPS auto-steering systems. While the majority of these systems have been installed on tractors and sprayers, a growing number of combines are now being equipped with the same technology, both coming from the factory and added as an aftermarket option. Auto-steer on a combine provides measurable performance improvements by allowing any operator to harvest a full swath from one side of the field to the other. A secondary benefit of auto-steer is that it helps optimize the cleaning and separation performance of the combine because it assures uniform crop intake. Most combines on the market reach maximum performance — which includes acceptable grain losses and the most consistent grain sample — when the volume of harvested material remains consistent at a given level. Wider Headers While increased header widths installed on larger combines are definitely a step in the right direction in terms of boosting field efficiency, they must be considered along with the width of [46] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

other equipment on the farm. For example, a 40-foot combine head will divide equally into an 80or 120-foot sprayer and will work perfectly with a 40-foot air-seeder. The larger header widths create other challenges that need to be considered. One involves the generally poor distribution and uniformity of residue coming from the combine. It appears that the development of the wider headers is well ahead of new spreader/chopper designs. This is even more evident with the newer 40-, 42- and 45-foot headers on the market. New technologies in this area are desperately required, because we are approaching the limits of the equipment to distribute crop residue evenly over the width of the header. Telematic Mapping Some combine manufacturers are already offering customers the next step beyond auto-steer and yield mapping to help them boost their ﬁeld efﬁciency even further. The new technology is called telematics. It's an innovative system that allows the farmer or farm manager to determine the relative performance of individual or multiple combine operators. www.farmersreviewafrica.com

New Products & Services It's a very simple system and involves tables and maps, similar to a yield map, to document where each combine pass was made in the field. The telematic maps illustrate where the combines stopped to unload and where they unloaded on the move. Stopping the combine, especially to unload, is very costly. So, for combine and grain cart operators, it's a great learning experience in how to boost field efficiency. Many combine operators unload their combine grain bin when it's full, rather than getting into a sequence to unload when they put the least strain on the grain cart operator, especially when multiple combines are utilized in the same field. Grain Carts It was only a few years ago that 800-900 bushel capacity grain carts were the largest available and most producers bought smaller ones. Today, with 1,200-1,500 bushel carts available, many farmers are buying a 1,000-bushel capacity cart, or at least one that fills their grain truck in one dump. While the direct expense of a grain cart, plus the operator and direct costs of

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the tractor to pull it with, may deter some producers from purchasing one, there is no debating the increases in combine performance that a grain cart can provide. If you calculate the hourly cost of operating a larger combine at $100 per hour — and many class 8 and 9 combines will be significantly more — and the combine stops 4 times each hour to unload, taking a total of 5 minutes between leaving the crop, unloading and starting up again, you've lost one-third of your capacity, or around $33 per hour. In a season with challenging harvesting conditions, many will argue that a grain cart allows you to get your crop harvested in a more timely fashion. Also, when discussing larger grain carts with producers, don't forget to discuss the benefits of tracks. While these add significantly to the price (compared to a grain cart on tires), their benefits are immeasurable when it comes to minimizing soil compaction, especially in a no-till system. The Grain Handling System Many producers have increased their combine capacity and farm

[47]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

size in recent years, but failed to consider the additional burden placed on their grain storage and h a n d l i n g f a c i l i t i e s . While grain storage can be an excellent risk-management tool and a way of avoiding long lines at the grain elevator at harvest, it needs to be large enough to handle the increasing volumes of grain that many larger combines provide. While this is almost a topic in itself, many larger growers want to unload a truck in just a couple of minutes and have the truck heading back to the field for another load. Such a system will require a dump pit large enough to hold a loaded truck and the leg capacity to move it away prior to the arrival of the next truck. If grain drying is commonly required, this adds an additional dimension of drying capacity and g r a i n h a n d l i n g . While many of these technologies may appear to be costly in the short term, each is an investment to increase long-term efficiency of the harvesting operation. They should each be penciled out and their relative cost-to-benefit ratio's considered. Most large and expanding producers will quickly see the benefits and add them to their shopping list for the following year.

March - April 2016

Ideas & Innovation

PET solutions for liquid packaging and beverage PET

is renowned worldwide as a

strong, lightweight and hygienic barrier that requires fewer resources to produce and transport and keeps beverages fresh, safe and full of flavour. PET material is also 100% recyclable and can virtually eliminate packaging waste. PET plastic bottles are a popular choice for packaging soft drinks due to the numerous benefits they provide both to manufacturers and consumers. 70% of soft drinks (carbonated drinks, still and dilutable drinks, fruit juices and bottled water), are now packaged in PET plastic bottles – the rest comes mainly in glass bottles, metal cans and cartons PET stands for polyethylene terephthalate and is mostly used for bottling or materials for food, water or consumer products. Items made out of PET contain a resin identification code with the number “1” marked on them. Whether you have noticed or not, there's a good chance you either touch or see PET plastics at least once a day. Among packaging materials, PET excels when it comes to sustainability. It can be completely recycled, it is light, compact and almost unbreakable. When you take into account the weight, the consumption of energy and the emission of CO2, it is much better then the next alternative. The contents of PET bottles and jars are protected in a sustainable way to achieve the desired shelf life. The environment benefits as a result. March - April 2016

[48] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

Ideas & Innovation Among packaging materials, PET

smaller than a comparable

Moulding (ISBM) process is

excels when it comes to sustainability.

glass bottle. As a result, more

virtually unbreakable. This

It can be completely recycled, it is

product will ﬁt into a transport

characteristic reduces risk in all

light, compact and almost

unit. Shelf space can be used

phases. Production lines

unbreakable. When you take into

more efﬁciently. This results

(almost) never need to stand

account the weight, the consumption

in lower costs and less

idle to be cleaned, as is often

of energy and the emission of CO2, it is much better then the next

alternative. The contents of PET

environmental damage.

the case with other materials.

PET is a packaging material

Little can go wrong in

that increases the shelf life of

transporting and shelf-packing

bottles and jars are protected in a

the contents thanks to its

in shops, or equally at home in

sustainable way to achieve the

outstanding

the kitchen or the bathroom. In

barrier

desired shelf life. The environment

characteristics, and thus

sum, PET is a material that is

beneﬁts as a result.

reduces waste. Organic

safe to use.

Among the wide range of packaging

products packed in this plastic

materials, PET stands out in the area

last longer; this is also true for

of sustainability. The advantages: ·

PET is really light, resulting in

PET is more economical with energy compared to glass and

cosmetics made from natural

aluminum. Not only because of

materials, herbs and spices.

weight savings during

an end product that is

PET forms a sufﬁcient barrier

transport, but also with the

relatively lighter than with

against temperature and UV

production of the material and

other types of packaging, like

light, and oxygen scarcely

the ﬁnal packaging.

for instance glass. This cuts

penetrates. These effects

Through innovation, the industry is

transport costs, and what is

may be enhanced with the aid

constantly improving its environmental

more important, less fuel is

of additives. Using PET

record further. PET plastic bottles have

used in transport and the CO2

reduces wastage and saves

been redesigned so that they are 30%

emission is lower. ·

PET often turns out just a little

the environment as a result.

lighter than 15 years ago and

PET is less breakable than

increasing amounts of recycled plastic

bit smaller. A wine bottle with

other materials. What is

are used to manufacture the bottles

contents of 750 ml made of

more, PET deriving from the

themselves.

PET, is usually a fraction

Injection Stress Blow

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[49]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Rural Business

Paul Nahayo refugee farmer in Kakuma harvesting kales.

Refugees in Kenya are farming their way to success Kakuma refugee camp is situated in Turkana County, Kenya and comprises of four refugee settlement areas; Kakuma 1, 2, 3 and 4. Over the years, the camp, which falls under the jurisdiction of the Kenyan Government and the Department of Refugee Affairs has recorded a high inďŹ&#x201A;ux of refugees ďŹ&#x201A;eeing from war-torn areas. The camp has a diverse refugee population estimated at 180, 138 (UNHCR Kenya, 2015) with majority of refugees being Somali and South Sudanese and the rest being Congolese, Burundian, Ethiopian, Eritrean, Rwandese and Ugandan. The increase in refugee numbers in Kakuma has come March - April 2016

without corresponding opportunities in livelihoods and the expansion of infrastructure has put a strain on both the environment and host community-refugee relations. Livelihoods for the new arrivals and host community are limited; literacy levels are low coupled with harsh climatic conditions. The young population continues to grow (58% below 18 years) with limited access to livelihood opportunities. Little efforts have been done in investment in livelihoods while the need for durable solutions are rising. Early this year, the County government donated land to for the establishment of the Kalobeyei settlement which will be used to resettle

[52] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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Rural Business

refugees to help ease congestion from the older camps. It is envisaged the refugee population here will eventually be integrated into the County Development Plan (ICDP). 600 acres of land in the new settlement are earmarked for agriculture. In 2015, Action Africa Help International (AAH-I) partnered with UNHCR with an aim to promote selfreliance and change the dependency mind-set among refugees by initiating agriculture and business related activities. Since inception, the project has assisted over 300 refugee farmers access agriculture inputs for improved production. Two model farms have been established complete with shallow wells and solar technologies to pump water for drip irrigation. Over the last one year, the farms have shown there is potential to earn Ksh. 200,000 (USD 2000) per acre per season.

Due to this success, AAH-I has been allocated an additional 20 acres of land to be used for expansion of agriculture production for 800 people. For the land to be put under full production, we require USD 100,000 to set up the irrigation infrastructure including boreholes, water storage tanks and piping. AAH-I is mobilising support from well-wishers to make this initiative a reality. It is estimated that the 20 acres if put under full scale production, will give a return of USD 80,000 annually, beneďŹ tting both refugees and the host community. For more information please contact us on communications@actionafricahelp.org +245 722 207 726 www.actionafricahelp.org

: Irafasha Gadi displays his farm produce and a spray kit

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[53]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Livestock

Choose fencing to suit livestock needs Some farmers buy fences to pen

late 1980s, fence construction gained

The number of wires to hang varies,

livestock while others buy fences to

quite a few options, including high

depending on what is on the other side

keep predators and other wildlife out.

tensile wire, polywire temporary

of the fence. Dairy cattle do respect

Whatever the purpose, there are many

fencing, and pressure-treated and

fences.

ways to pay far more than necessary to

step-in posts.

contain than beef cattle. Dairy cattle

They are usually easier to

build a fence well. We consulted

Thirty years later, farmers and fence

can be contained with two high-tensile

experts to ďŹ nd out how to save money.

builders alike know there is no single

wires, whereas beef usually require

Fifty years ago, fence construction was

best fence solution.

three to four wires.

High-tensile fence

Wires and tapes

straightforward. It usually involved buying woven wire, locust posts, some staples, a post hole digger and a fence

Wire-forwire, post-for-post, the most

The best physical barrier is also the

stretcher. Having a friend or a neighbor

inexpensive livestock containment

most expensive: square woven wire.

to help was a bonus.

system available is high-tensile

Since it is not electriďŹ ed, if the power

Fed by a growing interest in intensive

fencing. The cheapest perimeter

goes out, fence integrity remains.

and rotational grazing systems in the

fencing is high-tensile wire.

March - April 2016

[54] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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Livestock

Its downsides are that it costs twice as

Tape with aluminum or copper wires is

the trees from growing around the

much as high-tensile wire; the posts

more visible and stronger than twisted

insulator.

must be placed closer together than

or braided polywire. It is also good for

Fencing critters out

high-tensile systems, requiring more

use as a semipermanent, interior

Keeping larger wildlife out of farm

of them to cover the same area; and it

fence when put up in the spring.

spaces requires higher fences, different

requires more wire to cover the same

Electric fences

fence materials and more posts. The

area.

For most animals, all it takes is one or

strategy is different than that for

Barbed wire is literally a pain to work

two shocks to teach them to stay away

keeping animals in.

with and requires just as many posts

from fence lines. Any livestock that do

Snow and weeds are the real enemies

as woven wire does. In fact, it also

not respect the jolt that a hot wire

of electric fences. Snow acts like an

requires steel posts, although, if it is

provides should be culled.

insulator, signiﬁcantly reducing the

electriﬁed, use of wooden ones is

To assure hot-wire effectiveness,

charge. Weeds under fences can short

indicated. Barbed wire's costs lie

farmers should place charged wires at

them out.

somewhere between high-tensile and

the nose height of penned livestock.

Keep weeds cut under electric fences. If

woven wire fences.

Then they must run enough voltage

your farm is located in an area with

The most inexpensive fence material –

through the wire to give animals a jolt

heavy snowfalls, it is a good idea to

polywire with either copper or

sufﬁcient enough for them to learn to

keep a separate enclosure surrounded

aluminum wires – is unsuitable for

respect the fence.

by a strong, nonelectric fence to keep

perimeter fencing because of its light

When using trees as posts, attach

livestock penned during the winter.

weight.

insulators to wood boards to prevent

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[55]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Ideas & Innovation

Understanding Wood Preservation There are two types of wood preserva on; primary (industrial) and secondary (DIY). Primary wood preserva on is the impregna on of mber with a wood preserva ve chemical like CCA, Creosote, Borate, TBTN-P or Azole Permithrin, using prescribed industrial processes. This increases the durability and resistance to fungal a ack, wood borers and termites. This pre-treatment prior to use is prescribed in SANS standards and mandatory compliance is regulated through regula ons and compulsory speciﬁca ons, along with third party product cer ﬁca on. Supplemental or remedial preserva ves on the other hand contain biocides which are included in mainly solvent or oil based solu ons

March - April 2016

(in some cases wood ﬁnishes or sealers), and are applied in a DIY se ng by brush, paint or spray to stop further a ack. These require an on-going maintenance program to remain eﬀec ve as it is merely a surface applica on with minimal penetra on. It's important to note that most exterior wood sealers or varnishes, contain no biocides and only protect against weathering, moisture and UV rays, but not against fungal and insect a ack and should rather be referred to as protectants than preserva ves. Why preserve mber? The natural durability of our commercially grown and used planta on species like Pinus and Eucalyptus (gum), is low, rendering [54] FARMERS [56] REVIEW AFRICA

it suscep ble to insect and fungal a ack; therefore it is impera ve to preserve the mber. Choosing the correct treated mber The following SANS standards apply to treated mber: – SANS 457 – droppers, guardrail posts, building, fencing and agricultural wooden poles – SANS 753 and 754 – wooden poles for transmission and telephone lines. – SANS 1288 – All other preserva ve treated mber, e.g. sawn structural, flooring, etc. These standards specify a Hazard Class system (H Classes), which categorises treated mber into different end-use applica ons based on different exposure condi ons and risk of biological a ack. www.farmersreviewafrica.com

Ideas & Innovation

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[57] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Ideas & Innovation

Product use information Be sure to choose the correct H class timber for your intended application and apply remedial preservative to all cross-cut and exposed areas (except when in contact with the ground, fresh water or marine applications). Do not plant poles inside an encapsulated concrete base. Instead, use a 'collar' or compacted stone and soil with or without a solid (cured) concrete base.

How to plant a pole

Safety Precautions and Warnings When sanding and sawing CCA treated wood wear a dust mask and safety glasses, and work in a wellventilated area. Wash work clothes separately. Treated wood must not be used for: firewood, baby toys, furniture which may be chewed on by infants, food utensils or storage containers, beehives, nor should treated wood shavings or sawdust be used for animal litter or where it can become a component of animal feed. Disposal Treated timber waste is not regarded as hazardous waste material; however, treated wood off-cuts and waste should not be allowed to accumulate, but should be disposed of at a registered disposal or landfill site. It is important not to burn treated wood off-cuts and waste or use it firewood for food preparation, as this will allow the release of chemicals, which are tightly bound to the wood, into the smoke. The ashes may also contain residual chemicals. For more information on wood preservation in South Africa, please contact SAWPA at 0119741061 or sawpa@global.co.za or visit www.sawpa.co.za

March - April 2016

[58]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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Business Profiles

AFGRI leads the way in support of agricultural development AFGRI, South Africa's preeminent agricultural services and food processing company, was delisted from the JSE two years ago. During this time, the strategic imperative put in place by the company – to drive food security across the continent – has delivered an array of tangible results.

Centurion, 31 March 2016 – Today marks

equipment, commodity marketing,

programme for emerging farmers in

two years since AFGRI was taken private

collateral management or industrial

South Africa and across the continent

by an investment consortium that

foods processing.” Mr. Wilkerson noted

in support of our dedication to

included both international and local

that “within eighteen months of the

agricultural sector development and

shareholders, and company

acquisition, AFGRI's B-BBEE level

transformation,” says Chris Venter, the

m a n a g e m e n t . M i c h a e l W i l ke r s o n ,

improved from a level 5 to a Level 3

CEO of AFGRI.

Chairman of AFGRI and a director of

Contributor Status.”

Venter explains that in February 2014

AFGRI's largest shareholder says,

In June 2015, AFGRI sold its Poultry

AFGRI entered into an agreement with

“AgriGroupe is pleased with the progress

business to a local consortium which

the Economic Development

made by the company to date in pursuing

included members of Bafepi Agri, a 20%

Department, the Department of Trade

its strategic goals, which included

shareholder of AFGRI. This transaction

and Industry, the Department of

improving its core operations and

successfully created Daybreak Poultry,

Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and

customer service, expanding into Africa,

now South Africa's largest Black owned

the Department of Rural Development

strengthening its balance sheet and

and operated poultry operation, and

and Land Reform in terms of which

divesting non-core assets, while taking

enabled AFGRI to better focus on its core

AFGRI pledged R90 million over a

the lead in supporting development and

grain management and ﬁnancial services

period of four years to the

transformation in the agricultural sector

businesses. AFGRI continues to support

development of emerging farmers, as

in South Africa.”

Daybreak through credit facilities,

well as towards other projects

He goes onto elaborate, “I am pleased to

ongoing technical support and provision

targeted at community and rural

report that AFGRI now operates in 19

of feeds and other key inputs.

development. Halfway through the

African countries in which we're making a

implementation of the agreement, a

meaningful contribution to agriculture

FOCUS

and the grain value chain, whether

DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFORMATION

channelled through to the initiatives,

through storage and post-harvest

“AFGRI has embarked on an immensely

with an overwhelmingly positive

solutions, credit and other ﬁnancial

successful training and mentorship

response from the farmers,

A G R I C U LT U R A L

products, training, John Deere

March - April 2016

total of about R35 million has been

communities and government

[60] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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Business Profiles departments involved.

produce enough to sell and to advance

tough, we need to stand side-by-side,”

“These are not only economic success

from small-scale farming to create

says Wilkerson.

stories for our emerging farmers, but for

medium-sized enterprises.

Vaughn McTaggart, AFGRI's Head of

the thousands of lives meaningfully

“Increasing proﬁtability ensures that our

Agricultural Development Services

improved in their communities,” Venter

emerging farmers will become

(“ADS”), explains “ADS is an AFGRI

went on to say. “Everything we do in our

successful commercial farmers, actively

initiative active in Uganda, Zambia and

initiative, aptly named Harvest Time, is

contributing to food security in our

Zimbabwe, where a father ﬁgure (“Abba”)

measured and monitored. The input we

country. It is our ambition that these

is found within a community to assist in

provide through training and especially

farmers will grow to a size where they

unlocking the potential of small-scale

the mentorship programme is what sets

will even be able to export and thus

farmers to fully explore their ability to

us apart.” He explains that AFGRI has

secure food for the continent,” added

ensure efﬁcient land usage. With

nine decades of experience combined

Venter.

With this comes the ability to

investment from AFGRI the results have

with up-to-date services, which assists

increase land planted, either by leasing

been astounding. “Africa is a fertile

emerging farmers immensely. Not only

or buying the land. “We have one

continent – all we need to assist with is the

does AFGRI provide access to ﬁnance,

emerging farmer who began by planting

tools to make it work and we believe that

which is a challenge for emerging

120 ha, increasing this to 236 ha, then

we can help by being an enabler to food

farmers, but state-of-the-art solutions

540 ha and the goal for the coming

security.” Once again the beneﬁts of time,

such as precision farming technology

season is to plant 1,000 ha. Although still

money, expertise and guidance is

with agronomist input provided through a

small relative to commercial farmers,

immense and social upliftment a key

joint venture with GeoAgro, a leading

this is an example of how small farmers

beneﬁt of the programme.

provider of satellite-based data and

take the otherwise insurmountable steps

The main aim of the programme is to take

analysis. Technology-linked offerings

to become larger successful farmers,” he

small-scale farmers, currently subsistence

such as these are vital for farming in the

said.

farming, and build them into semi-

21st century, as they vastly improve

“Harvest Time is also involved in a micro-

commercial farmers through daily

crops, save money, add to efﬁciencies

farmer programme which in the past two

assistance and guidance. This guidance,

and ultimately lead to improved yields.

years trained over 250 micro-farmers,

coupled with stewardship of money and

“The cycle is self-fulﬁlling in that the

resulting in the establishment of several

life skills, ensures that the project has the

emerging farmer is able, with guidance

community vegetable gardens, which

potential for expansion as local product

from AFGRI, to access markets, store

provide sustainable food and livelihoods

demand is currently much higher than

grain, sell produce in an active market,

in their communities,” says Marion

production levels.

repay working capital loans and then

Shikwinya, Managing director Harvest

“Our Zambian Abba Horticultural Project is

most importantly, retain and invest the

Time.

key to poverty alleviation and

proﬁts. The training and mentorship

AFGRI's support to the agricultural

transformation and has been

component is invaluable as this provides

sector does not stop there. Over the past

acknowledged by the President of the

input from experts to guide, train, listen

six months, the company has spent at

country, as well as the well-known Royal

to and engage with the farmer – often this

least R20 million on several drought

Ba r o t s e e s t a b l i s h m e n t . T h e s e a r e

type of encouragement and support is the

relief initiatives in South Africa. This

accreditations that we are proud of as they

most valuable as it feels like a true

included the donation of animal feeds,

are touching the hearts of the people and

partnership,” said Venter. AFGRI is

capping storage rates, as well as

ensuring food and sustainable livelihoods

involved in initiatives which take

assisting in the provision of some animal

are maintained,” explained Venter. Not

emerging farmers out of poverty and a

feed products at discounted prices. “At

only has acclaim been forthcoming, but

subsistence existence, to a situation

AFGRI our relationships with clients are

the farmers recently learnt that their

where they are able to feed themselves,

for life. This means that when times are

products will be sold across the border in

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

[61]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Business Profiles

Michael Wilkerson, AFGRI Chairman

Chris Venter, AFGRI CEO

Namibia in the town of Katima Mulilo,

maize. Proceeds from the sale of produce

This comes in the form of imparting

through a local South African retailer.

allows for the students to be trained, as

knowledge gained from its nine decades in

In Uganda the Abba Mechanisation Circle

well as to be accommodated at no cost.

business, as well as from ﬁnancial

provides farmers with access to

Young upcoming farmers are also

support, mentorship, agricultural services

mechanisation, which is purchased by

engaged to assist in the development of

or the provision of agricultural equipment

AFGRI and made available to them

the African market environment for

and inputs.

through a rental arrangement. The

smallholder farmers through AFGRI's

“AFGRI's success will only be found in the

provision of mechanisation, which is

larger agricultural models. “The initiative

long-term prosperity of our farmers, to

often used in a co-operative-type setting,

is a sustainable model, and can be

whom we remain dedicated in both 'lean

makes a signiﬁcant impact on yields and

replicated anywhere in Africa,” said

and fat years'”.

time, allowing the farmers to diversify

Venter.

AFGRI's human stories from across

and also limits risk. Once harvesting

The consistent theme throughout these

takes place ADS assists further by

initiatives is AFGRI's commitment to

providing storage facilities so that the

foster a strong, vibrant and successful

aggregation of the crop means that larger

agricultural economy on the continent.

quantities of grain can be sold into the

This is a sector through which we can

market.

make a meaningful contribution to the

In Zimbabwe the Abba Training College

lives of those with which we partner and

follows the principles of allocating 1 ha (of

to which the beneﬁt of food security

land under irrigation) to one student, with

ﬂows,” noted Wilkerson. He explained

a two to three-year training programme

that no matter which country or market

in place. Students grow butternut,

AFGRI is involved, the company strives

potatoes, onions, tomatoes, cabbage and

to develop and care for its customers.

March - April 2016

Wilkerson concluded,

the continent: In Mpumalanga Solomon Masango now has a 617 ha farm and recently won Farmer of the Year with Grain SA Humble beginnings meant that Salomon originally farmed on 50 ha but three years ago this started to change when he joined the AFGRI Harvest Time training and development programme. Here he garnered much-needed training in the form of in-class training, on-farm technical training with agronomists,

[62] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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Business Profiles personal development, as well as basic

Zambia, AFGRI's Abba Horticulture

subsistence farmers are creating

computer training. Monitoring and

Model at work

approximately 1,000 part time jobs.

mentorship took the form of regular visits

This project is based in western Zambia,

The measure of a successful project in a

to the farm, assistance in managing

200 km from Livingstone with the closest

community in need is only once the entire

accounts to ensure payments to input

town being Sesheke. The project aims

community beneﬁts. In the case of Abba

suppliers were made, as well as

for a process of total transformation in an

Zambia the project feeds approximately

assistance with pre-season budgeting

extremely poor community. Over the

170 children every Sunday and distributes

and spending. From the humble 50 ha,

past two years the area has been

maize to local churches monthly for

Solomon has developed into farming on

impacted by severe drought, with

onward distribution to widows and

just over 400 ha, made up of 140 ha of

exceptionally low rainfall. Five farmers

orphans. In addition, a popular “work for

maize, 260 ha of soya beans and 20 ha of

are part of the programme, each with an

food programme” has been launched that

sugar beans. Yields have increased so

average of 2 ha used for the production

provides food for more than 50 casual

that he is now able to produce between 6

of tomatoes, green maize, green

workers every week.

to 9 tons per ha of maize and 1,5 to 3 tons

peppers and cabbage. Each farm is

In the Nkangala district of

per ha of soya beans and Solomon's farm

provided with diesel pumps and a

Mpumalanga yields are improving

is run with equipment he was able to

dripline irrigation system. Farmers are

In this case, a farmer began farming in

ﬁnance from the proﬁts.

The training,

trained in farming techniques, provided

2011 cultivating a mere 150 ha of maize.

mentorship and development

with ideas on how to access markets and

In 2012 he joined the AFGRI Harvest Time

programme from AFGRI Harvest Time

ﬁnancial management and budgeting.

training and development programme.

has helped Solomon learn the latest

They then in turn train farmers in the

Through a mixture of training, monitoring

advanced techniques and by winning

area in order to expand the “Good-

and mentorship the business has grown to

Farmer of the Year he walked away with a

Farming Practice” footprint and improve

640 ha, which comprises 300 ha of white

brand new tractor from John Deere,

and impact more lives and the most

maize, 300 ha of soya beans and 40 ha of

which will make his operation even more

unexpected consequence of AFGRI's

sugar beans. Initial yields were 500kg per

efﬁcient.

involvement is that these ﬁve

ha, but today yields are up at between 4 to

Farmer Solomon Masango, with his crops in Mpumalanga

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

[63]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Business Profiles 7 tons per ha of maize and soya and 1 to 2

additional land as well as having a true

hinges on education, food and water

tons per ha of sugar beans. The farmer

partner where farming matters can be

security as well as poverty alleviation and

improved his mechanisation with the

discussed and the best course of action

across all projects impact assessment is

purchase of a six-row planter and a

implemented.

continually measured. In six educational

harvester head for soya and maize,

In Vanderbijlpark in Gauteng, with a

projects, more than 1,000 learners are

bought through access to the Harvest

little help from friends, a farming

assisted through mechanisms such as

Time hire purchase funding model to help

operation is thriving

annual tuition fees, donations for

grow his farming operations further.

AFGRI's Harvest Time initiative came

schooling requirements from chairs to

In Metsweding, Gauteng, Skhosana

across a farmer who was demotivated

groceries and costs allocated to the Kimon

Dingazi is ﬂourishing

and found farming to be hard, as he had

programme. The impact of our

In the 2013/2014 season Harvest Time

found that there was very little practical

involvement includes outstanding pass

met Skhosana for the ﬁrst time. Only 68

experience offered in the market place.

rates, increased attendance, freeing up

ha had been planted using a planter

Overall management of the farm was

time for teachers to focus on the curricula

which was incorrectly calibrated creating

poor and as a result his 345 ha was

and environment which are safe and which

large, inefﬁcient gaps amongst the maize

overrun by weeds. He joined the AFGRI

have running water.

plants. This led to an infestation of weeds.

Harvest Time programme where a

Six projects dedicated to food and water

The AFGRI Harvest Time training

dedicated relationship was established

security have assisted learners, staff and

programme, which Skhosana embarked

between himself and Harvest Time,

have put trainers in place. Again

upon included farmer study groups, in-

AFGRI mentors, and GeoAgro

measurable impacts include the provision

class training, basic computer training,

agronomists and where he now has

of fresh vegetables to the community,

and on-farm assistance by agronomists,

access to training, ﬁnance and a helping

income generation, personal pride, food

which also ensured that conﬁdence in his

hand. The farmer is now motivated and

security, job creation and security and

s k i l l s a n d a b i l i t y, c o u p l e d w i t h

has exceeded all expectations, despite

access to fresh water.

mentorship, was engrained. Finance

such a challenging agricultural year. A

In ﬁve projects aimed at poverty

provided through AFGRI Harvest Time

zest for life has seen overall

alleviation, 1,630 beneﬁciaries, consisting

ensured that he could purchase an

management of the farm and staff

of children and community members,

additional 22 ha of land, bringing the total

improve, with a crop on the land, which is

have been assisted. Positive measurable

to 100 ha. Weed management is also

set to be exceptional.

impacts have included access to a

under control, with an excellent crop on

A portion of the R90 million is

sustainable source of fresh vegetables,

the land. Full repayment of the

invested in social development

drinking water, and balanced nutrition for

production loan has been made, and the

projects

children and safe houses with comfortable

next step is to plant 120 ha. This is made

Corporate social investment at AFGRI

and sufﬁcient sleeping space.

possible through the conﬁdence to lease

Farmers who form part of the Abba Uganda project inspect the lands

March - April 2016

Farmers inspecting their crops in Uganda

[64] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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Market Information Information Market

The right solution for every application in the food and beverage industry In terms of cleanliness and germ-free

is a rose is a rose is a rose,” but where

ContiTech- High-quality Brand-

quality, users are demanding more

the food and beverage industry is

name Hoses for the Food and

and more of hoses and hose lines. The

concerned, a hose is not a hose is not

Beverage Industry

application area of hoses and hose

a hose is not a hose.

ContiTech is one of the world's leading

lines is very versatile. Every

With such a broad range of

suppliers of technical elastomer

assignment needs an individual

applications in the industry – from

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solution. The decision is not always

dairies to distilleries to grain silos – a

technology. The division develops and

easy.

wide variety of hoses have been

produces functional parts,

The food and beverage processing

developed to answer various

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requirements.

automotive industry and other

regulated industries and faces unique

The list of considerations for a hose

important industries.

challenges, not the least of which are

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example, fats and oils can cause a

ContiTech Fluid Technology (Market

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segment Industrial Hoses) is a leading

that impacts on all our lives, handling

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virtually all that we eat and drink. We

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deliver the product we want, where we

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material, like grain or sugar, it needs

The company's industrial hoses are

Therefore continuous quality controls

to be abrasion-resistant on the inside

safe and durable. In part this is thanks

are very important, no company can

while abrasion-resistance on the

to the special rubber compounds,

afford substandard hoses with bad

outside is a requirement for outdoor

reinforcing material, and ultra-modern

discharge properties or residue.

applications.

manufacturing processes used, but in

Reliable hygiene is of the utmost

Lighter hoses make handling easier

part it is also due to the many years of

importance in the food and beverage

for workers and create a safer work

experience in hose production as well

industry. To ensure this in hose lines,

environment. High temperatures, of

as seamless quality controls, which

the right hose material and coupling

more than 80 degrees Celsius, age

monitor every step of the production

system must be selected.

hoses faster. Another, perhaps

process.

In the food and beverage industry,

surprising, consideration in hose

The brand-name hoses can be used in

there can be a lot to consider in

design is whether the hose leaves

many different areas. For decades, they

selecting the right hose for the job.

marks on the ﬂoor as it is moved

have proven themselves in continuous

Gertrude Stein famously wrote “A rose

about.

use under the most grueling conditions.

www.farmersreviewafrica.com

[65]FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

March - April 2016

Market Information Information Market

The hoses are produced on state-of-

the-art production machines at

international sites. Precise extruding

Flexible production lines P r o d u c t - s p e c i ﬁ c

for such hoses. As a renowned hose manufacturer, we have made it our job

manufacturing processes

to always have the right solution for

and product-speciﬁc braiding

In-process quality assurance

your problem in our product range.

technologies and vulcanization

Automated ﬁnish inspection

Hoses and hose assemblies ﬁll a range

processes likewise contribute to the

high quality of our hoses. The multiplicity of new hose technology applications, statutory regulations, and the abundance of media to be transported confront

Ecosensitive production (ISO

of applications quite as diverse as the

14001-certiﬁed)

media they transport. Every application

Involvement in national and

requires a customized solution. It is not

international standards

always easy to make the right decision.

committees ContiTech hoses undergo the most

However, there is one thing that is always decisive: quality. For this

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goods that can easily be used in any

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preparation or manufacture of juices,

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oils, milk, beer, or spirits – ContiTech

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ContiTech currently has a workforce of

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beverage industry, from the brewing

approximately 29,700 employees. In

Development responsibility

hose and pure food and beverage

2013, it recorded sales of about €3.9

Testing technology

hoses right up to the right end ﬁttings

billion.

March - April 2016

[66] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA

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Upcoming Events 2016 FARA Events Visit the 7th Africa Agriculture Science Week (AASW) and FARA General Assembly website ·13-16 June 2016, Kigali, Rwanda. (Download Announcement) Partners' Events World Economic Forum on Africa ·11-13 May 2016 Kigali, Rwanda 1st CCARDESA Agricultural Science Week and 2nd General Assembly · Agriworks Expo Potchefstroom is a 2 day event being held from 29th July to the 30th July 2016 at the Trimpark in Potchefstroom, South Africa. This event cover areas like from Agriculture & Forestry industry. Machinery, Packaging, Tractors, Vehicles, Vineyard Supplies, Winemaking and many other agricultural products etc. in the Agriculture & Forestry industry. · Agri Mega Week is a 4 day event being held from 14th September to 17th September 2016 at the Mega Park in Cape Town, South Africa. This event showcases products like small grain, dairy, wool, agricultural machinery, livestock, food compe on, demonstra on and lots of family fun etc. In the Agriculture & Forestry industry etc. in the Agriculture & Forestry industry. · Livestock is event being at the Sandringham Farm in Stellenbosch, South Africa. This event showcases products like livestock, agriculture sector, dairy and meat products, milking equipment, health and nutri on of livestock etc. in the Agriculture & Forestry, Meat, Poultry & Seafood industries · The Annual Na onal Agribusiness Conference (ANAC) organized jointly with the Na onal Economic Consulta ve Forum,and now in its third year will be held on 26 August at the Andy Millar Hall Conference Centrein the Exhibi on Park, under the theme “Enhancing Agricultural Produc vity – Managing Climate Change”.The alignment of the ANAC and Show themes aims to exhaus vely discuss, synthes se and dis ll pragma c and relevant ideas from the theme for immediate implementa on during the forthcoming summer season. Concurrent with this eﬀort, the ZAS will also organise sub-theme seminars as a build up to the ANAC to further broaden and deepen dialogue in pursuit of the wider cause of agricultural development h p://www.zas.co.zw/A.N.A.C.html · AGRIKEXPO 2016, one of Africa's largest events for agribusiness development, will be held in Abuja from 26–28 September · Kenya's premier Food, Hotel & Agriculture exhibi on returns to Nairobi from 16 -18 June, 2016 FOODAGRO Kenya 2016 will showcase top products, equipment and machinery presented by exhibitors from over the world · 4th ADDIS AGROFOOD Agriculture, Agricultural Machineries, Food, Food Technologies, and Packaging Exhibi on oﬀers important global investment opportunies for sectoral professionals.This will be the perfect pla orm to expand your business into rising Africa market, and meet with the decision makers.

March - April 2016

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March - April 2016

[70] FARMERS REVIEW AFRICA