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Dedication !"#$#%&'($"()%*"+,,-"(,".,/"0,1"2%(),3(")%*"%/*4%5'(%,/"'/#"6$'/*7"!"8,39#"/,("+$"5%#%/:"""" (,#';1"
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Acknowledgements <"9'5:$"()'/-*"%*"%/",5#$5"(,"()$"4$,49$"()'("!"%/($5=%$8$#1"2%(),3("()$")$94",>"?,3:"2)%*9$57" @%99"A='/*"'/#"B'5;"C$5/"()%*"+,,-"&,39#"/,(")'=$"+$$/"45,#3&$#1"<9*,7"/,/$",>"()%*"&,39#" )'=$"+$$/"'&&,D49%*)$#"8%(),3("()$")$94",>"D;"'D'E%/:"F5$$*(;9$"<&'#$D;"($'&)$5*"B51" F9,5$/#,7"B*1"G'5-%/*,/"'/#"B51"H5$&,1
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Table of Contents F,5$8,5#"I"JIK !/(5,#3&(%,/"I"LMILN O)'4($5"L"I"LPILK O)'4($5"Q"I"QMIQN O,/&93*%,/"I"QPIQR" @%+%9%,:5'4);"I"QJIQK '
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Foreword
9MJ DŽWXY YNRJ YMFY . WTIJ F GNH^HQJ 8'*"8)$/"!"8'*"()5$$";$'5*",9#1"!")'=$" +$$/"(,9#"()'("()%*"%*"'"=$5;"$'59;"':$1" </"':$"+$>,5$"!"&'/"'&(3'99;"5$D$D+$5" D3&)"'+,3("D;*$9>1"<99"!"&'/"5$D$D+$5" 8'*"()$"*)$$5"'D,3/(",>"$/6,;D$/("()'(" %("+5,3:)("D$1"!"#%#/S("&'5$"'+,3("$TI $5&%*$",5":9,+'9"8'5D%/:1"!"#%#/S("&'5$" '+,3("'/;()%/:"+3("()$/"'/#"()$5$1"!(" 8'*"'"*%D49$5"(%D$7"+3("()$">$$9%/:"8)$/" !SD"5%#%/:"%*"*,D$()%/:"()'("8%99"/$=$5" 9$'=$"D$1"@%&;&9%/:")'*"'98';*"+$$/" XTRJYMNSL YMFY IJDŽSJX \MT . FR *[JW^YMNSL FGTZY NY MFX NSYWNLZJI RJ XNSHJ . HFS WJI D$D+$51"!("D%:)("/,("'98';*"+$"()$"$'*%$*("8';"(,":$("*,D$8)$5$7"+3("%(S*"'")$99",>"'" 9,("D,5$">3/1 " U)%*"+,,-"8'*"/,("85%(($/"(,">,5&$";,3"(,"#,"'/;()%/:1"!("8'*"85%(($/"(,"*),8"D;" =%$8",>"+%&;&9$*1"!("8'*"85%(($/"(,"'/*8$5"()$"V3$*(%,/*"()'("!")'=$"'+,3(",35"*,&%$(;1" @3("D,*(9;"%("8'*"85%(($/"%/",5#$5"(,"*),8"()$"+;45,#3&(",>"'/"'95$'#;"+$'3(%>39"'5(W" U)$"'5(",>"&;&9$5;1 (
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Introduction RMJ"D%9$*X"()'(S*"()$"#%*('/&$"()'("?,3:"2)%*(9$5"&,DD3($*"(,"8,5-"$=$5;"8$$-1" Ư2^ Tdž HJ NX NS 8ZSS^[FQJ (FQNKTWSNF FSI R^ MTRJ NX NS 8JFYYQJ <FXMNSLYTS . \NQQ Y^UN HFQQ^ YFPJ FS JFWQ^ RTWSNSL Dž NLMY IT\S KWTR 8JFYYQJ YT 8FS /TXJ .YƭX FGTZY F RNQJ FNWUQFSJ OTZWSJ^ ư 8F^X )TZL 9MNX XJJRX QNPJ FS FRF_NSL INXYFSHJ YT YWF[JQ OZXY (,"&,DD3($"(,"8,5-7"+3("()%*"%*"8)$5$"()$"4$&39%'5"4'5("&,D$*"%/X"Y!")'=$"'"+%-$"'("()$" 8FS /TXJ FNWUTWY \MNHM NX QTHPJI ZU NS YMJ UFWPNSL LFWFLJ FHWTXX YMJ XYWJJY KWTR YMJ D'%/"($5D%/'91"!"63*("&,D$",3(",>"()$"($5D%/'97":$(",/"D;"+%-$"'/#"5%#$"J"D%9$*"(,"()$" Tdž HJ NS 8ZSS^[FQJ ư )TZL OZXY MTUX Tǃ YMJ FNWUQFSJ LWFGX MNX GNPJ FSI MJƭX Tǃ YT \TWP !!
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()%/:" '/#" #%*4$/*$" 8%()" ()$" 4$#'9%/:1" A=$/" +$(($57" )%*" (),3:)(" 45,:5$**$#II,5" #$=$9,4$#7" '*" ()$" &'*$" D';" +$II!" &,39#" 43(" '" :'*" $/:%/$" ,/" '" +3::;" '/#" #%*4$/*$" 8%()" ()$" +%I H^HQJ FQYTLJYMJW ư 9MNX \FX STY YMJ DŽWXY YMTZLMY FGTZY YMJ RFYYJW GZY WFYMJW YMJ YMTZLMY 45,&$**" ,>" '" 9'($" LJMM^*" :'*" 5$=,93(%,/7" 9$'=%/:" +%&;&9$" (5'/*4,5('(%,/" %/" ()$" #3*(1 " " &QYMTZLM GNPNSL HFS KJJQ FWIZTZX FSI FSST^NSL YMJ GJSJDŽYX TK GNPNSL FX F KTWR TK YWFSXI 4,5('(%,/"'5$"D3&)":5$'($5"()'/"(),*$">5,D"#5%=%/:1"<*":'*"45%&$*"'/#":9,+'9"8'5D%/:"+$&,D$" D,5$"'/#"D,5$"45$**%/:"%**3$*7"!"*$$"+%&;&9$*"+$&,D%/:"=$5;"%/($:5'($#"%/(,",35"$=$5;#';"9%=$*1 !%
The Benefits of Bicycling
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Bibliography Ư'FQFSHJI 1N[NSL ư (^HQNSL .X *FX^ TS YMJ /TNSYX <JG 2FW !MYYU \\\ IW\JNQ HTR IW\ Z &79 (^HQNSL NX *FX^ TS YMJ /TNSYX MYRQ# Ư(^HQNSL FSI )NXJFXJ 5WJ[JSYNTS ư -TRJ <JG 2FW !MYYU \\\ GJYYJWMJFQYM [NH LT[ FZ GMH[ GMHFWYNHQJX SXK UFLJX (^HQNSLDFSIDINXJFXJDUWJ[JSYNTS$TUJS# Ư9MJ *ǃJHYX TK *]JWHNXJ TS YMJ 'WFNS ư +TZSI <JG 2FW !MYYU XJWJSINU GW^SRF\W JIZ GG SJZWT SJZWT \JG RRHLT[JWS MYRQ# -ZIXTS <NQQNFR Ư8NYYNSL KTW -TZWX (FS 8MF[J >JFWX Tǃ 1NKJ ư (33 (FGQJ 3J\X 3JY\TWP /ZSJ <JG 2FW !MYYU \\\ HSS HTR -*&19- XNYYNSL XMTWYJS QNKJ NSIJ] MYRQ# "035*(7".,+$5(1"U)$"O;&9%*(S*"B'/%>$*(,X"U)$"O'*$">,5".%#%/:",/"U8,"2)$$9*"!/*($'#",>"F,351" H3%9>,5#7"OUX"F'9&,/"H3%#$*7"QMMK1"G5%/(1 Ư9F] .SXNLMYX ư 7NINSL >TZW 'NPJ YT <TWP -FX *[JS 2TWJ 'JSJDŽYX <JG 2FW !MYYU \\\ MMHUF HTR GQTLX NSHTRJ YF] FHHTZSYFSYX HUF WNINSL ^TZW GNPJ YT \TWP MFX J[JS RTWJ GJSJDŽYX # 2)%*9$57"?,3:1"G$5*,/'9"!/($5=%$81"R"D'5&)"QMLQ1 ")
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