ukM+h esa oØh xzgksa dk egÙo

ge lc tkurs gSa fd eaxy] cq/k] xq#] 'kqØ vkSj 'kfu le;≤ ij oØh gksrs jgrs gSa vkSj jkgq&dsrq ges'kk oØh pyrs gSa ijarq lw;Z vkSj panz Hkh oØh gksrs gSaA lgh 'kCnksa esa dgas rks lw;Z vkSj panzek Functional ;k dk;Zdkjh oØh gksrs gSaA

iz'u gS dc vkSj dSls\

;fn lw;Z ;k pUnzek ds nksuksa rjQ oØh xzg gksa rks ,sls fLFkfr eas lw;Z vkSj panzek oØh gks tkrs gSa ¼Qfyr eas bldk iz;ksx gksrk gS½ mnkgj.k % eku ysa fd lw;Z es"k jkf'k esa gS vkSj ehu jkf'k eas jkgq gS vkSj o`"kHk jkf'k eas cq/k ;k 'kqØ esa ls dksbZ oØh gaS rks ,slh fLFkfr esa lw;Z oØh cu tkrs gaS] ftls ukM+h T;ksfr"k dh Hkk"kk esa Functional Retro ;k dk;Zdkjh oØh ekuk tkrk gSA

dq.Myh la[;k&1

ƒ ;gka lw;Z ds ,d rjQ ges'kk oØh pyus okys jkgq vkSj nwljh rjQ oØh 'kqØ gaSA ƒ bu nks oØh xzgksa ds chp eas gksus ds dkj.k lw;Z ;gka oØh xzg tSlk crkZo djsxkA

dq.Myh la[;k&2

es"k jkf'k esa rhu xzg ¼1½ dsrq 5° dk] ¼2½ lw;Z 10° dk] ¼3½ cq/k¼o½ 15° dk vkpk;Z fo".kq 'kkL=h

'kqؼo½

lw;Z jkgq

ds-5°

lw-10° cq-15° vFkkZr ;gka Hkh lw;Z nks oØh xzgksa ds chp ¼e/;½ esa gksus ds dkj.k oØh ;k Functional Retrograde gks x;k gSA ftldk izHkko Qfyr T;ksfr"k eas iM+rk gSA

dq.Myh la[;k&3

blh izdkj panzek Hkh nks oØh xzgksa ds chp esa Qal tkus ds dkj.k Functional Retrograde ;k dk;Zdkjh oØh gks tkrk gSA ;gka panzek oØh xq# vkSj ges'kk oØh pyus okys jkgq ds chp Qals gksus ds dkj.k oØh ekus tk,axs vFkkZr~ ge ;g dgsaxs fd bl fl}kUrkuqlkj ukS ds ukS xzg gh oØh ekus tkrs gSaA jkgq vkSj dsrq ges'kk oØh gksrs gaSA dqN le;≤ ij tSls eaxy] cq/k] xq#] 'kqØ vkSj 'kfu vkSj dqN Functional tSls lw;Z vkSj panzekA tSlk fd T;ksfr"k fo}ku tkurs gSa fd tks xzg oØh gksrs gSaA ¼lw;Z] panz] jkgq ,oa dsrq dks NksM+dj mUgksaus vius Hkko ls ihNs Hkh ekuk tkrk gSA ,slk ,d fl)kar gS tSls& ;fn eaxy edj jkf'k eas oØh gks rks mldh mifLFkfr èkuq jkf'k esa Hkh ekuh tkrh gSA ;g v)Z lR; gaS vFkkZr iw.kZ lR; ugha gSA vius fiNys Hkko ds vfrfjDr Hkh dqN vkSj Hkkoksa esa budh mifLFkfr ekuh tkrh gSA ftls ukM+h T;ksfr"k ds Hkk"kk esa ge okLrfod fLFkfr Hkh dg ldrs gaSA lcls igys lw;Z dks ysrs gaSA ;fn nks oØh xzgksa ds chp eas Qals gksus ds dkj.k lw;Z oØh gks tk, rks mldh okLrfod fLFkfr flQZ mlh jkf'k esa gh gksxhA ;fn panzek Functional Retro ;k dk;Zdkjh oØh gks tk;s rks mldh okLrfod fLFkfr tgka gksxh panzek mlls nwljs Hkko esa Hkh ekuk tk;sxkA

xq#¼o½ jkgq panz

panzek ds ,d rjQ lnk oØh jkgq vkSj nwljh rjQ oØh xq# gksus ds dkj.k panzek oØh gks x;k gSA blfy;s panzek ls vxyh jkf'k esa tgka xq# cSBk gS] ml jkf'k esa panzek ds ifj.kke virtual presence ds gkasxsA bl fo"k; dks eaxy ds }kjk prqFkZ mnkgj.k esa vkSj ljy rjhds ls le>rs gaSA eaxy tgka oØh gksrk gS mlls rhljs Hkko esa mldh okLrfod fLFkfr gksrh gSA ekuk fd eaxy edj jkf'k esa gS vkSj eku ds pyrs gSa fd eaxy oØh gS rks edj ls rhljh jkf'k ehu jkf'k esa eaxy dh okLrfod fLFkfr gksxhA

dq.Myh la[;k&4

tSls&Åij dq.Myh la[;k 4 esa fn[kk;k x;k gSA eaxy ftl jkf'k esa Hkh oØh gksxk mlls rhljs Hkko esa Hkh mldh ekStnwxh ekuh tk;sxhA ;fn eaxy es"k esa oØh gks rks feFkqu eas Hkh mldh ekStnxh ekuh tk;sxhA ;fn eaxy o`"kHk esa oØh gks rks] o`"kHk ls rhljs Hkko ddZ esa eaxy dh ekStwnxh ekuh tk,xhA dqaMyh esa eaxy dgha Hkh oØh gks] ml jkf'k ls rhljh jkf'k eas mldks ekuk tk;sxkA

eaxy

Virtual

eaxy¼o½

cq/k

cq/k xzg tgka oØh gksrk gS mlls pkSFks Hkko esa mldh ekStwnxh ekuh tk;sxhA

dq.Myh la[;k&5

cq/k xzg es"k jkf'k esa oØh gS rks] mldh ekStwnxh ddZ jkf'k esa Hkh gksxhA ;fn cq/k o`"kHk jkf'k esa oØh gksxk rks o`"kHk ls pkSFkh jkf'k flag esa Hkh mldks ekuk tk,xkA ;s fu;e Qfyr djus esa lgk;d fl) gksrs gSaA

cq/k¼o½

Virtual cq/k

dq.Myh la[;k&6 xq#

xq# xzg tgka ij Hkh oØh gksrk gS mlls 5oha jkf'k esa mldh ekStwnxh gksrh gS vFkkZr vius ls ikaposa Hkko esa oØh xq# igqap tkrk gSA ekuk fd xq# rqyk jkf'k eas oØh py jgs gSa] rks rqyk ls 5 oha jkf'k dqaHk esa Hkh xq# dh ekStwnxh dks ekuk tk;sxkA

xq#¼o½ xq# Virtual

dq.Myh la[;k&7 'kqØ

'kqØ xzg tgka oØh gksrk gS] 'kqØmlls 7osa Hkko esa mldh Virtual ekStwnxh gksrh gSA eku yas fdlh tkrd ;k tkfrdk dk es"k dk 'kqØ oØh gS rks mldk 'kqؼo½ 'kqØ mlls 7osa Hkko rqyk jkf'k esa Hkh igqp tkrk gSA blh izdkj ;fn fdlh dk 'kqØ rqyk jkf'k esa oØh gS rks ogh 'kqØ rqyk ls 7osa Hkko vFkkZr es"k esa igqp tkrk gSA

dq.Myh la[;k&8 'kfu

'kfu xzg tgk¡ oØh gksrk gS] ml Hkko ls 8osa Hkko esa Hkh mldh mifLFkfr gks tkrh gSA vHkh 'kfu xzg /kuq jkf'k esa gS rks èkuq ls 8oka Hkko ddZ jkf'k gksrh gS] rks oØh 'kfu viuh oØrk ds dkj.k ddZ jkf'k esa Hkh viuk izHkko nsxkA

'kfu

Virtual

'kfu ¼o½

oØh 'kfu

es"k esa oØh rks mldk izHkko o`f'pd esa Hkh gksxkA o`"kHk esa oØh rks mldk izHkko /kuq esa Hkh gksxkA feFkqu esa oØh rks mldk izHkko edj esa Hkh gksxkA ddZ esa oØh rks mldk izHkko dqaHk esa Hkh gksxkA blh izdkj oØh xzg dk izHkko vyx&vyx txg ij gksrk gSA

fo'ks"k% jkgq vkSj dsrq ds fy;s ;s fu;e ykxw ugha gkasxsA fdlh dh dqaMyh esa dksbZ xzg oØh D;ksa gksrk gS ;k dgsa fd dksbZ Hkh tkrd oØh xzg ds lkFk D;ksa tUe ysrk gS\ D;k gS oØh xzg dk egÙo \ ukM+h T;ksfr"k ds vuqlkj vkids fiNys tUe ds lkFk oØh xzg dk cM+k xgjk laca/k gksrk gSA ml laca/k dks le>us ds fy;s gesa xzg ds thou rRo dks le>uk gksxkA gj xzg ds dkjd rRo esa nks izdkj ds rRo gksrs gSa % 1- tho rRo ,oa 2- vthc rRo

xzg tho dkjd rRo vthc dkjd rRo

lw;Z firk] iq= vkSj jktk lEeku] [;kfr] egRo

panzek

ekrk] xq# ekrk] iRuh dh ekrk ekrk leku L=h eaxy Hkzkrk] ifr ¼L=h ds fy;s½ cq/k cqvk] cgu] csVh] iM+kslh xq# tkrd@tkfrdk] xq# ;k czkã.k

'kqØ

iRuh ¼iq:"k ds fy;s½] dksbZ L=h@dU;k 'kfu cM+s HkkbZ ;k cgu] ukSdj ƒ oØh xzg ;kfu gekjs fiNys tUeksa ds cps ¼fopkjk/khu½ deZ dks n'kkZrs gSaA ƒ ;fn vkidh dqaMyh esa 'kfu oØh gS rks fuf'pr :i ls fiNys thou esa cM+s HkkbZ ;k cgu ;k fQj ukSdj ds lkFk vkids dqN deZ ckdh jg x;s gSaA ƒ ;fn vkidh dqaMyh esa eaxy oØh gS vkSj vki dksbZ

L=h gaS rks cgqr T;knk laHkkouk gS fd ifr ds lkFk dksbZ viw.kZ deZ gS ;k HkkbZ ls lacaf/kr dksbZ dk;Z ckdh jg x;k gSA ƒ ;fn lw;Z functional retro ;k dk;Zdkjh oØh gks rks firk@iq= ;k jktk ¼Government½ ls lacaf/kr dksbZ dk;Z ;k deZ pending gSA ƒ ;fn panzek functional retro ;k dk;Zdkjh oØh gks rks ekrk] xq# ekrk ;k iRuh dh ekrk ls lacaf/kr dksbZ deZ ckdh jg x;k gSA ƒ ;fn cq/k oØh gks rks cqvk] cgu] csVh ;k iM+kslh ls lacaf/kr dksbZ 'ks"k fiNys tUe ds deZ gSaA ƒ ;fn xq# oØh gks rks xq#] ;k czkã.k ls dksbZ fo'ks"k deZ pending gSA ƒ ;fn 'kqØ oØh gks vkSj vki iq:"k gSa rks iRuh ls lacafèkr dksbZ dk;Z ;k deZ 'ks"k gS ;k fQj dU;k ls lacaf/kr deZ 'ks"k gSA bl izdkj gj oØh xzg vkidks vkids fiNys tUe ds 'ks"k fopkjk/khu cps deks± dks n'kkZrk gSA r