ACD_SM1/2021_Assignment 2_Jason Leung

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Exhibition Hall Proposal For Single-storey Building Typology B : External Structure

This Structure System is fully integrated with the glazing and roof form as a homogeneous design. The position and size of vertical support Arrange are dependent of the floor plan outline and the Columns along undulating roof curvature. The optimization Glazing Line process maximize its spanning capacity and the visual connection between internal and external.

Desired Position & No. of column

Create Support point from Roof to Columns

Generate Roof Surface from point cloud/ curve network

Create Curves connecting the vertices and ground

Create ‘Ribs’ to transfer loads

Height Profile Along Building Boundary

Vertices in XYZ coordinate / Contour Line of Roof Form

Rib Profile (Depth & Width)

Structural Analysis& Optimization

Image Credits: (Left) The Serpentine Sackler Gallery / Zaha Hadid Architects, 2013

https://www.archdaily.com/433507/the-serpentine-sackler-gallery-zaha-hadid-architects

(Right) Meiso no Mori Municipal Funeral Hall / Toyo Ito ,2005

https://architizer.com/blog/inspiration/stories/architectural-details-toyo-ito

ABPL90123_Advanced Computational Design 2021_SM1

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Exhibition Hall Proposal For Multi-storey Building Typology C : Facade Structure

This Facade Structure System is developed in a sheared diagrid system, where the tilted angle and column spacing are the main parameters of performance-based design. The overlay subframing system takes up all facade loading and reinforces the tensions between each floor slab.

Arrange Root Columns along Building Footprint

Create Branch by using plane rotation

Tween Branch curves into Curve Network

‘3D-Offset’ and take the copy as Top Layer

Connect the nodes together

Curve Divider/ Curve Parameters

Rotated Plane with respect to xy plane

Density/ Spacing of Bottom Layer Strips

Transformation Vector with respect to Bottom Layer

Structural Analysis& Optimization

Image Credits: (Left) SunnyHills at Minami-Aoyama / Kengo Kuma & Associates, 2013

https://www.archdaily.com/484981/sunnyhills-at-minami-aoyama-kengo-kuma-and-associates

(Right) Sculptural Pavilion in Paris / Kengo Kuma, 2015

https://www.archdaily.com/776541/kengo-kuma-designs-sculptural-pavilion-in-paris

ABPL90123_Advanced Computational Design 2021_SM1

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Proposal Development For Multi-storey Building Flowchart of computational design workflow

Reference the base 40m x 40m surface as building base

Design Constraints & Constants

Create Floor Slab at corresponding levels

Split Slab Edge into four list according to its Elevation

Offset Slab Edge inward as Structural Column Grid

Divide first line into even segments by no. of column

Create points on line as the position of Column Trunk

Extrude Points into Lines as Column Trunks

Create a Ref XY-Plane at Column Trunks Top Ends

Rotate the plane along its local Y-axis of its Trunk line

Spacing Between Glazing Line & S. Grid ( Δ )

No. of column along each side (n)

Position on Structural Grid ( ti )

Column Trunks Height ( hi )

Tilted Angle A (α)

In Clockwise Direction

Tilted Angle B (β)

In Anticlockwise Direction

Intersect with the slab level to obtain contact points

Join intersected points to Trunks Top Ends as Branches

Assemble Model as Y-Columns

Apply to other elevation with same workflow

Extrude with corresponding uniform profile

Y-Columns

Design Variables for Optimisation

Geometries for Analysis Setup

ABPL90123_Advanced Computational Design 2021_SM1

Categorise as C_Trunk & C_Branch

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Proposal Development For Multi-storey Building Flowchart of computational design workflow

Create a Square as Core at the Slab Centre

Extrude Vertexs as Core Columns

Filter out the Ground Floor Slab Edge

Core Dimension ( c )

Loft Edges as Glazing Surface

Orient Tilted Plane to the center of Glazing Surface

Contour and Intersect with Glazing Surface as Mullion Grid

‘3D-Shift’ as Facade Screen along Glazing Surface Normal

Tilted Angle B (α)

Tilted Angle B (β)

Mullion/ Facade Grid Spacing ( m )

Transformation Vector wrt.

Glazing Srf ( v )

Assemble Model as Facade

Apply to other elevation with same workflow

Connect All Nodes as Facade Joinery

Core Columns

Categorise as C_Core Design Constraints & Constants

Extrude with uniform profile

Mullion & Facade Screen

Design Variables for Optimisation

Geometries for Analysis Setup

ABPL90123_Advanced Computational Design 2021_SM1

Categorise as F_Mullion, F_Screen & F_Connector

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Proposal Development For Multi-storey Building Flowchart of computational design workflow

Formulate Slab into Beam Network (Srf to Mesh)

Extract Edges As Beams

Beam Spacing/ Structure Grid (b)

Design Variables for Optimisation

Geometries for Analysis Setup

Create Ref. Line at all Y-Columns Intersection

Search for the closest point among nodes of Mullions

Connect All Nodes as C-F Joinery

Apply to other elevation with same workflow

Extrude with uniform profile

Transformation Vector wrt.

Glazing Srf ( v ) Columns-To-Facade Connectors

Slab & Beams

Design Constraints & Constants

Extract Assembled Y-Columns

Categorise as S_Mid Floor, S_Roof Beams & S_Floor Beams

C_Core, C_Trunk & C_Branch

Categorise as C-F Connector

All Geometries for Analysis Setup

F_Mullion, F_Screen & F_Connector

Rebuild, Shatter all the geometry intersection such that all lines are interconnected for load transfer

Assign Supports, Loads, Material Selection, Profile Cross Section to corresponding components

Send the Assembled Model for FEM Analysis and Optimisation for Max Displacement in the Model

Loop & Feedback the Model with new set of Variables for iteration with a better Fitness Performance

Refer to the Details in the following Sections

Structural Analysis & Optimisation

ABPL90123_Advanced Computational Design 2021_SM1

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Performance-based Design Proposal Optimisation Design Variables & Constraints

2m

h1

t1

t3

h3

ti є [ 0.1 , 0.9 ]

Variable 1: Column Trunks Position on Structural Grid

(Curve Parameters)

hi є [ 3.5 , 7.5 ]

Variable 2: Column Trunks Height

α

β α

Core & 20m Circulation

Facade Structure

Planning Parameters: β

α є [ 0.30π , 0.45π ]

Spacing Between Glazing Line & S. Grid ( Δ ) = 1m No. of column along each side ( n ) = 3 Mullion/Facade Grid Spacing ( m ) = 2m Transformation Vector wrt. Glazing Srf ( v ) = (0.5, 0.8, 1) m β є [ 0.15π , 0.30π ]

Variable 4: Tilted Angle B

ABPL90123_Advanced Computational Design 2021_SM1

6m

Building Parameters: Ground Floor & Roof Dimension = 40m x 40m Mid Floor Dimension = 39m x 39m Floor-to-Floor Height = 4m Number of Floor = 6 Floors

β α

Variable 3: Tilted Angle A

Exhibition Space

h2

t2

15m

Core Dimension ( c ) = 6m x 6m Beam Spacing/ Structure Grid ( b ) = 1.6m Constraints & Constants

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Performance-based Design Proposal Optimisation FEM Analysis Setup for Structural Performance

Material S_Roof Beams

Ground Supports

C_Trunk

S_Floor Beams

Loads

Material C_Core

Steel S235

Gravity Load Live Loads: 2kN/m2

Conditions: (Tx ,Ty ,Tz ) & (Rx ,Ry ,Rz )

C_Branch Vertical Members (Core & Columns)

Horizontal Members (Beams, Slab & Roof)

Cross Section

Sqaurish-Section Height & Width: 50cm Reinforced Steel Upper/ Lower THK: 0.4cm Sqaurish-Section Height & Width: 30cm Upper/ Lower THK: 0.4cm

Cross Section I-Section Height: 30cm Upper/ Lower Width: 20cm Upper/ Lower THK: 0.8cm Web THK: 0.5cm

Material

Cross Section

Wood

Sqaurish-Section Height & Width: 10cm Upper/ Lower THK: 0.4cm

F_Mullion F_Screen F_Connector Facade System

ABPL90123_Advanced Computational Design 2021_SM1

Assembled Model

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Performance-based Design Proposal Optimisation Optimisation Process and Parameters

(cm)

The Optimization Process is carried out with the following parameter setting.

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Optimization Parameters Max Stagnant = 50 Population = 50 Initial Boost = 2% Maintain = 5% Inbreeding = 75%

9 Max Displacement

Fitness Parameters Objectives: Maximum Displacement [Minimize] Target Generation to be completed= 10

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8

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5 0

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10

Generation

ABPL90123_Advanced Computational Design 2021_SM1

Assignment 2 Re-imaging the Universal Space

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(cm) 11

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Performance-based Design Proposal Optimisation Synthesis on Optimisation Process

From the Observation of the Result, the maximum displacement happens at the corner cantilever slab edge that are far away from its closest column support. The fitness performance has been improved through generations as those area colours shifted from reddish-orange to greenish yellow.

Evolutionary Process Gen 0, Iter 45

Max Displacement: 5.94cm

Gen 2, Iter 6

Max Displacement: 6.17cm

Gen 4, Iter 18

Max Displacement: 5.88cm

Gen 6, Iter 45

Max Displacement: 5.68cm

9 Max Displacement

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8 Worst Result per Generation

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6 Best Result per Generation 5 0

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Generation

Gen 8, Iter 19

Max Displacement: 5.37cm

Gen 10, Iter 5

Max Displacement: 5.34cm Final Optimized Result

ABPL90123_Advanced Computational Design 2021_SM1

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