1. Massing Test
xtract Curved Firstly, Faces the massing aims to receive nature
light as much as possible. because face normal, if theare Z coordinate students mainly from the east side, it 0 or 1, then keep the also aims to beface. identical from both south and east side. ract curved faces as the curtain wall
Mesh Planarize
trength = X10 1.5 < X < 3.6
3. Structure Performance
4. Facade Design
3. Reconstruct the polygon mesh After the organic massing test, all of the curved faces need to be planarized for the Quad-remesh the shape construction. Thus, Kangaroo is used for target face count = 1200 (≈ 2m x 2m) planarization.
Based on the massing test and spatial plan, the structure aims to create a space for circulation and gathering. Karamba is used for displacement simulation.
As the structure is one of the feature of the design and it affect the function, the facade is not only indicating the structure inside but also introduce enough sunlight for the indoor classrooms. The design proposes to keep the historical wall with its current location and protect with the hexagon panels.
Run
BouncySolver Kangaroo 2
Mesh
Strength < 10
2. Planarize Curtain Wall
Smooth
Massing Test - Computational Design Workflow (0,0,18)
(80,0,0)
(0,60,0) -5 < x < 85 -5 < y < 65 -4 < z < 20
(0,0,-4)
1. Site Boundary
2. Populate points
Create a box inside the site boundary Dimension = 60m x 80m x 22m
Populate 7 points in the box Coordinate domain: X (-5,85) Y(-5,65) Z(-4,20)
5. Floor plates and GFA
4. Void and atrium
3. Generate metalball
Use ‘Contour’ command to create floors Direc�on: Z-axis; Distance: 4m Calculate floor areas and GFA
Substract the metaball from the box command: Mesh Difference
Use points as center of metaball point charge=1; Cell size=2.5; Iso value=0.5
Start
Fitness 01= |GFA - 18,000 sqm| (close to the required GFA)
Cocoon
Fitness 1 (minimize)
6. Solar Radiation Performance
7. View Percent
Input the highlighted building as ‘context’, calculate the solar radia�on on the massing
Set two points on the east and south side of the building respec�vely
Ladybug 1.2
Fitness 02 = monthly solar radiaiton in total
Fitness 2 (maximize)
20m < Radius 1 < 40m 10m < Radius 2 < 30m
Variable 01
Variable 02
8. View Area Test the visble area of the two points Compoent: Isovist; Radius = 30m Fitness 03 = two view rose area
Fitness 3 (maximize)
Massing Test - Multi-objective optimization Variables
Centre points of metaballs Dimension of metaballs |GFA - 18000| Solar Radiation Performance View Percentage
Fitness
Solar Radiation kWh/m2
Gen 4.06
Gen 7.18
Gen 9.01
Gen 11.16
Gen 13.02
Gen 14.15
Gen 19.14
Gen 19.16
7.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
0
Solar Radiation Performance
Indoor Floor Plate
Diamond Fitness Chart Fitness 1: GFA close to 18,000 m Fitness 2: Solar Radiation Performance Fitness 3: View percent (south & east) 2
Gen 13.02
GFA: 12,468 m2
Gen 19.14
GFA: 16,285 m2
Gen 19.16
GFA: 13,350 m2 kWh/m
2
7.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
0
Southwest Isometric in site
Design Development - Planarize Facade
1. Base Mesh
2. Extract Curved Faces
3. Reconstruct the polygon mesh
Input the result of the previous op�miza�on
Deconstruct face normal, if the Z coordinate is NOT -1, 0 or 1, then keep the face.
Quad-remesh the shape target face count = 1200 (≈ 2m x 2m)
Extract curved faces as the curtain wall
Facade Planarizing Workflow - Kangaroo and Weavebird
Mesh Planarize Strength = X10 1.5 < X < 3.6
Run
BouncySolver Kangaroo 2
Mesh Smooth
Curved Mesh Number of non planar faces = 959
1 < Strength < 10 Extract face borders & vectors Connect diagonals of each face
Number of non planar faces = 0
Curves Strength = 0.5
EqualLength MeshWindow & Picture frame Weavebird
Extract mesh corners
Points Strength = 10000
Extract naked boundary & naked points
Anchor
Points & Curves Strength = 1000
OnCurve
Create window panels and window frames
Computational Design Workflow - Main Structure
1. Support Floor
2. Structure Support Point
3. Structure Base
Extract the basement floor face as start Method: center point Z coordinate = -4
Set points on the surface as the base points for structure
Use points as center of circles Radius = R1 1.2m < R1 < 2.5m
Variable 01
R2
R1
R1
6. Main Supporting Structure
5. Populate points and rotate
4. Project to the upper floor
Weave points and connect as polylines Explode the polylines for Karamba calcula�on
Divide the circles with 3 points Horizontally rotate the upper points with 60°
Project circles by XY plane and scale Scale Center: Circle Center; Scale factor = F1 0.6 < F1 < 1.7
7. Space Utilization
8. Detect the distance to the edge
If the radius is less than 1m - Server room If the radius is bigger than 2m - mee�ng room Else, as circula�on space
If the distance between the circle to the floor edge is less than 2m, no columns above
Fitness 01 = circles area in total
Fitness 1 (minimize)
Variable 02
0.72m < R2 < 4.25m
9. Upper Floor Supporting Repeat step 4 to step 6 to create others Scale factor = F2 F2 = 2.3 - F1 So the dimension will NOT be too big or too small
Fitness Structure Elements
Types of Load Numbers of Supports
Structure Displacement (cm) Area of structure in total (sqm) Sloping Pipe Columns Edge Columns Curtain Wall Mullion Floor Beams Roof Beams Mesh load const Gravity Underground Supports (support of edge column; pipes)
Loading Conditions:
Main Structure Isometric
Sloping Pipe Columns
Geometric Model:
Edge Columns 5.4m
Structure Perspective View View from south
Structure Detail Isometric Section
NW Isometric (circular supporting)
West Third Floor Displacement:
Gen 00
Gen 10
Max Displacement 18.46 cm Elastic energy: 280.53 KNm Circle Area in total: 2321 m2
20 18
8.04 cm
16
7.19 cm 6.35 cm 5.5 cm 4.66 cm 3.81 cm 2.96 cm 2.12 cm
Displacement (cm)
8.88 cm
Gen 20
Max Displacement 15.33 cm Elastic energy: 230.45 KNm Circle Area in total: 2433 m2
Gen 40
Max Displacement 12.76 cm Elastic energy: 184.87 KNm Circle Area in total: 2482 m2
Gen 60
Max Displacement 11.33 cm Elastic energy: 152.81 KNm Circle Area in total: 2252 m2
Max Displacement 8.12 cm Elastic energy: 151.12 KNm Circle Area in total: 2232 m2
Last Gen
18.46
First Gen
15.33
14
12.76
12
11.33
10
8.12
8 6 0 0
10
20
30
40
Generation
Structure Optimisation convergence graph
50
60
2200 m2
2500 m2
F01: Circle room area in total
8 cm
18 cm
F02: Structural Displacement
Circular Support: O Section ReinfSteel Diameter (cm): 30 Thickness (cm): 5
Edge Column: [] Section ReinfSteel Height (cm): 20 Flange Width (cm): 10
Curtain Frame: [] Section ReinfSteel Height (cm): 30 Width (cm): 20
Floor Beam: I Section Steel S235 Height (cm): 20 Flange Width (cm): 15
8.88 cm 8.04 cm 7.19 cm 6.35 cm 5.5 cm 4.66 cm 3.81 cm 2.96 cm 2.12 cm
Max Displacement: 7.63 cm Elastic energy: 146.56 KNm
Final Result Displacement Isometric
NorthEast Isometric View
Computational Design Workflow - Facade Design
1. Extract Vertical Faces from the mass
2. Extract the Structural Volume
3. Select the near breps
Deconstruct face normal, if the Z coordinate is -1 or 1, then keep the face.
Lo� circles in the previous workflow
Calculate the distance between brep & facade Select those with the distance less than 5m
6. Hexagon Cell
5. Structure Projection
4. Brep Section
Use lunchbox to create cells on the surface Cell height = diameter = 1.5m
Project the brep outline to the near facade Plane = XZ or YZ plane
Intersect the brep with XZ or YZ plane Plane center: volume center
Lunchbox Inside
Regard as ‘Solid Panels’ Not Reduced
D C B A
A B C D CB A
Extract cell centers and test the region rela�onship
Outside
0.1m < Distance < 0.3m
ABC D
Reduced
7. Test if the cell is inside the curve
9. Offset Panels
7. Divide list by distance
8. Random Reduce
Divide the item list into 4 parts Name the list as A,B,C,D
Random reduce items Reduce number: A-6; B-10; C-35; D-40 Thus, there are more solid panels near the curve and less panels between two curves.
Regard as ‘Glass Panels’ 9. Window Frame ‘Panel Frame’ Lunchbox
Perspective Render View from south entrance