UniversitĂ degli Studi di Siena
CGT
Centro di GeoTecnologie
Centre of GeoTechnologies University of Siena, Italy
International Projects
Centre of GeoTechnologies About CGT Centre of GeoTechnologies (CGT) is a research centre in geological and environmental sciences of the University of Siena, Italy. Main objectives of the centre are: •
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to promote the diffusion of innovative scientific knowledge among universities, industries, public and private sectors to equip graduated students with comprehensive knowledge and working abilities for their future careers
The premises of CGT consists of a three floors building with a large number of laboratories and facilities for teaching and research activities and a modern campus for accommodation of students and
staffs. The Centre of GeoTechnologies (CGT) is located in San Giovanni Valdarno, a little Tuscany city in the heart of the Arno rivey valley, between the two cities of Florence and Arezzo and just a stone’s throw far from the Chianti mountain of Pratomagno complex. The premises of CGT is a historical building which was built since 1905. It was a glass production factory belonged to Marconi-Norton company. Nowadays, it has been refurbished in accordance to the Industrial Archaeology guidelines for the use of CGT. With the total area of 13,000 square metres, the premises consists of a three floor building with a series of laboratories, lecture rooms and facilities for teaching and research activities and a modern student house for accommodation of students and staffs with a total surface of about 4,100 m².
The University Campus Campus Beside the three floors building for teaching and research activities, there is a large campus in the premises of CGT located in San Giovanni Valdarno for accommodation of around 130 students and staffs. The Campus consists of 27 apartments furnished with kitchen utensils, television, refrigerator, dishwasher and washing machine which are used independently by the students and staffs. There are 2 or 3 twin rooms, a kitchen, a living room, 2 or 3 bathrooms and a veranda in each apartment. Besides free internet access is also available in every apartment. Every six student usually live 2
University of Siena
in one apartment with 3 twin rooms (6 beds). This arrangement helps to stimulate a good friendship among students, but also encourage them to take responsibilities for their daily matter. Security and logistic assistance to students living in the campus is considered as the top priority of our Centre. The students living in the campus not only access to better study facilities, but also have a chance to live in a multi-cultural community of people who share the same objectives. The campus is not only served to italian students but also the foreign students who are enrolled in any training courses of our centre such as professional courses, Masters and PhD.
CGT Centre of GeoTechnology
Centre for GeoTechnologies The University Campus Mission Our mission is to promote research and application in Earth and Environmental Sciences through improving the cooperation and interaction among universities, industries, public and private sectors and to provide graduated students for international and domestic labour markets in the sector of georesources management and environmental sciences through research and training in the following topics: •
GIS (Geographic Information System) for management, analysis, storing and displaying spatial data for territorial planning and management
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Geomatics for monitoring, preservation and evaluation of environment and natural resources
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Digital Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing for detection and monitoring of geoenvironmental parameters
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Environmental geology and hydrogeology for − water resources management and evaluation of the human impact on groundwater by using numerical models − evaluation and monitoring of environmental impact of large-scale construction works and reclamation of polluted sites
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Tri-dimensional Modelling (3D) of geological structures and subsoil for planning of large-scale infrastructural works and excavation sites
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Web-based Technology for distribution of territorial and geo-environmental data
GIS technologies, high spatial resolution satellite imagery, GPS (Global Positioning System) together with integrated data gathering in the field and its analysis, are well-known considered as powerful instruments for monitoring and management of environment and natural resources. As result, the application of geotechnologies in planning and decision making activities is globally required and accessibility of governmental bodies, professional organisations and individuals to territorial information, such as numerical topography, urban and territorial planning, etc, is also necessary. Nowadays, many international efforts have been made by many developed countries, international organizations, universities and individuals to solve the problems related environment and natural resources by development and application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). To contribute to these global efforts, we have committed to: •
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responding to the needs of international and domestic labour markets and providing highly qualified expertises in environmental and natural resources management for state bodies, public and private sectors. To reach the goal, we enhance the relationship and interaction with industrial sectors, relevant organisations and individuals to design better our research and training objectives linking the traditional educational programs of the university (e.g. PhD, Master, degree and professional course) with international and national scientific and development programmes. Our working scope is not only doing research activities in laboratories but also providing consultancy services and professional trainings to external organisations (e.g. state bodies, companies, enterprises, etc.).
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Activities Education and Training The CGT provide annual training programmes to international and domestic students in accordance with the guidelines of University of Siena and the demand of labour markets. Annual training programmes are available for domestic and foreign students: • • • • •
Undergraduate university degrees Graduate university degrees Post-graduate programmes (Masters and PhD) European certificates Professional advanced courses
We also meet the needs of working people who are interested in higher training programmes through: • • • •
E-learning Weekend and evening courses Intensive short-courses On demand specific assistance/tutorial activities
Master of Territorial Information Systems and Remote Sensing The Master aims to train advanced skills for the management of the territory and the environment, integrating the individuals’ skills with the theory, the methods and the application of specific techniques in GIS and Remote Sensing. The skills acquired during the course will place the student in the position to undertake further postgraduate study or to answer to the growing demand of employment in industry, governamental or non-governmental organizations.
Master of Environmental Geotechnologies The Master programme reflects the great relevance acquired in the last years by the environmental thematic. The program combines both theory and practice to provide all students an interdisciplinary understanding of technical, scientific and social science aspects of environmental technology. These themes involve disciplines such as geology, hydrology, statistics, engineering, environmental engineering and chemistry, focusing the attention on the interaction between anthropic activities and the environment. Other important aspect is the knowledge of the european legislation on environmental topic with together with the technical-scientific skills, allows to plan and to manage the investments on environment fields.
Master of Archaeology
Geotechnologies
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The Master aims to develop skills able to integrate humanistic and geotechnological knowledge through the application of innovative methodologies of investigation and interpretation of the archaeological data. The skills acquired during the course will place the student in the position to undertake further postgraduate study, to enter the Cultural Heritage Administration or to move towards the professional world.
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University of Siena
CGT Centre of GeoTechnology
Activities Professional Courses
Internationale Courses
The Centre for GeoTechnologies (CGT) organises and promotes University level and higher professional training through Technical Experience and Short Professional Courses directed to professionals who would like to broaden their knowledge in topics related to Applied Geology, Environmental Geology, Hydrology and Geo-Informatics.
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Advanced Numerical Modeling of Flow and Transport in Soils And Aquifers
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GIS and Remote Sensing for Coastal Lagoon Management
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Environmental Hydrogeological Hydrogeochemical Modelling
Those who enrol and participate in at least 75% of the scheduled lectures will receive a certificate of attendance, on which the result of a final assessment test may be detailed. This final test is optional.
Innovative Research
Furthermore the study days organised by the CGT represent an opportunity for professional scientific and technological training. These days deal mainly with themes of applied geology, applied hydrology, civil engineering and environmental engineering. The purpose is to deepen specific knowledge of practical relevance and involves teaching by international experts. These sessions are orientated towards professionals and technicians who work in the public or private sector and would like develop links with people from other sectors and research institutes. Participants will receive a certificate of attendance. The programme for the study days will be collated on a CD, a copy of which can be requested from the organising secretary.
Professional Courses The CGT Ph.D. programme offers three degree options: •
Ph.D. in Earth Sciences - Prehistory. Section: Geotechnologies, University of Siena
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Ph.D. in Sciences and Technologies applied to the Environment - Section: Innovative Technologies for the Management of the Territory, University of Siena
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Ph.D. in Sciences and Technologies for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage - Section: Technologies for the Cultural Heritage, University of Ferrara
and
Research is an essential mission of our centre. All research activities are conducted through projects which contribute to the innovation of applied geotechnologies as well as to stimulate the wide practical application of Geo-informatics in respective scientific aspects. With our expertises and experiences, we have implemented a large number of research programmes and consultancy contracts to public and private bodies during the last years. Most of consultancy activities are related to evaluation and monitoring of environment towards planning and management of land use and natural resources. To enhance the quality of our researches as well as to make them more practical applied, we always integrate and link the academic research activities with other external works like consultancy activities and contractual researches. The current research programmes are in the field of: • Geothematic Survey • Remote Sensing • Digital Photogrammetry • GPS (Global Positioning System) • Geo-thematic database • GIS (Geographic Information System) • Environmental Geology (Remediation of polluted sites, Geological Risk Assessment, Geology for large infrastructural works) • Diffusion of geo-thematic data (Web mapping, 3D-Tri Dimensional Modelling) All such interdisciplinary researches are conducted by our staffs, collaborators and PhD students. All the laboratories are considered as main workstation of our activities where functional facilities, adequate equipment and high skilled staffs are available for processing of environmental related data.
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Activities Consultancy Services
Laboratories
All consultancy activities are implemented by the CGT according to the regulations and guidelines of University of Siena. This aims to contribute to the development of research and training goals of the Centre. Consultancy activities are carried out in the fields of:
The laboratories are considered as main workstations of our activities where functional facilities, adequate equipment and high skilled staffs are available for research activities. Currently there are ten laboratories equiped in the centre:
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Acquisition of environmental data through integration of traditional field works, remote sensing and aerial photographs interpretation for:
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Laboratory for 3D Modelling
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Laboratory for Chemical Analysis of Waters and Soil
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Laboratory for Physical Mechanical Analysis of Soils and Rocks
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Laboratory Geophysics
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Laboratory for GIS (Geographic Information System)
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Laboratory for Geomatics
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Building and modelling databases for: − − −
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bodies
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Geophysics
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Laboratory for Hydrogeology
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Laboratory for Geothematic Survey
Vulnerability of water bodies Evaluation and monitoring of environmental impacts of major engeineering works Reclamation of polluted sites Modelling of both flow dynamics and transport of pollutants via advanced numerical methods Tri-dimensional hydrological modelling, etc.
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Applied
Section for Remote Sensing and Digital Photogrammetry Section for Geological Risk Assessment and Geostatistics
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Section for Stratigraphical Geology and Geopedology Section for Structural Geology and Geomechanics
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Laboratory for Web Mapping
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Laboratory for Archaeology
Distribution of territorial and geo-environmental data through: − − −
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Environmental planning and management Hydrogeology and vulnerability of water management Engineering geology, slopes instability, etc.
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Study and analysis of environmental geology focused on:
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Geological and geomorphological mapping Multi-temporal land use/ land cover analysis and mapping Fracture zone and structural geology mapping Ornamental stones mapping, etc.
3D modelling Web-mapping Traditional map printing
University of Siena
CGT Centre of GeoTechnology
International Projects:
since 1983 to 2010
Projects
Country
Starting Date Completion Date
Integrated Management of Lagoon activities (IMOLA Projects, Hue city)
Vietnam
2005 - 2009
Cooperation program between the EU Commission and Republic of Uruguay on the sector of semi-precious and ornamental stones: project for territorial planning and environmental safeguard
Uruguay
1997 - 2000
Integrated Development of 30 settlement towns in Mal
Mali
2007 - in progress
Water village Programme
Mali
1983 - 1992
Water village Programme
Niger
Water Village Programme
Ciad
2001 - 2003
Geoelectrical investigations in Itigi, Malongwe, Mitundu and Kintinku
Tanzania
2007
Increasing a sustainable access to safe, water and to sanitation services in Kongwa
Tanzania
2007 - 2009
Realization of a small dam in Central Tanzania: an example of direct cooperation between CGT and local users
Tanzania
2005 - 2010
From the past to the present in Ethiopia: an interactive museum for Melka Kunture palaeolithic site
Ethiopia
2006 - 2007
Lybia
2003
Cameroun
1985
Ethiopia
1985
Mauritania
1984 - 1985
Rwanda
1987 - 1988
Ain Hofra
Soil map of Benoue’ basin
Soil map for “Tana Beles Project”
Semidetailded and detailed soil maps
Land use map
1987 - 1990
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Projects in: GIS & Remote Sensing Activities Integrated Management of Lagoon activities (IMOLA Projects, Hue city) Country: Vietnam Starting Date: 2005 - Completion Date: 2009 Clients: FAO Project Supervisor: L. Disperati, M.Sarti Disciplines: − − − − −
Land administration Earth observation Informed governance Geo-information Disaster management
Project Summary The “Imola Project” (Integrated Management of Lagoon Activities) is a FAO (Food and Agricolture Organization) of the United Nations funded jointly by the italian and vietnamese government. Its aim is to improbe the socioeconomic conditions of the community of fisherfolks living in the surroinding of the lagoons of Tam Giang and Hai Cau, which is the largest lagoon system in the Southeast of Asia, near the town of Hue (Vietnam). A special attention is given to assessing the impact of human activities on the ecosystem of the lake, to the strategies for the mitigation of recurrent natural disasters (floods, etc.) and for the conservation and the prevention of physiografic changes of the lagoon (erosion during the floods, alteration of the coastline, etc.). An important part of the project is the development of methodologies for real time administration of all informations concerning the lagoon, useful for local policy makers to perform future choice on up - to – date data concerning natural, social and economic aspects of the lagoon. The Centre of GeoTechnologies was involved in the project as under a Letter of Agreement (LOA) offered by FAO on Geographic Information System (GIS) and the Remote Sensing. The activities under the LOA are: • • • • • •
Production of the landuse maps Multitemporal study (1980-2000) of landuse based on satellite imageries Development of a monitoring system based on satellite detection to highlight in real-time the changes in landuse Development of a GIS, for managing the informations relating to the project Production of thematic maps and realization of the project website Training of vietnamese students and staff in the field of spatial information systems and remote sensing, with educational activities in Italy and Vietnam
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Projects in: GIS & Remote Sensing Cooperation program between the EU Commission and Republic of Uruguay on the sector of semi-precious and ornamental stones: project for territorial planning and environmental safeguard Country: Uruguay Starting Date: 1997 - Completion Date: 2000 Clients: European Commission Project Supervisor: L. Disperati, L. Carmignani Disciplines: −
Natural resources
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Land administration
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Environmental sciences
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Urban and regional planning
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Earth observation
Project Summary This project between European Commission and Republic of Uruguay aimed to develop of the sectors of semiprecious (amethysts) and ornamental stones through the organization and improvement of croos-cutting activities with a territorial planning for the environmental safeguard. In particular: • • • •
Inventory and survey for collecting available data on semiprecious stones (amethysts) and ornamental stones (marbles and granites) definition of instruments for the survey of collecting data and information of available documents seam localization survey for collecting geological, mining and environmental data
The project produced: • • • •
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a map of the deposits and its information through GIS (Geographic Information System) descriptive files of each deposits proposals for development of cross-cutting activities, transformation and commercialization of the products both in domestic and foreign market proposals concerning environmental legislation
University of Siena
CGT Centre of GeoTechnology
Projects in: Geophysics Integrated Development of 30 settlement towns in Mali Country: Mali Starting Date: 2007 - Completion Date: in progress Clients: European Union – C. Lotti & Ass. Project Supervisor: C. Rossi Disciplines: −
Water resources
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Urban and regional planning
Project Summary • The project PACTEA “Programme d’Appui aux Collectivités Territoriales pour l’Eau et l’Assainissement” aimes at development of 30 semiurban centres in the Circles of Ségou and Mopti through the implementation of: •
new wells exploitable with submerged pumps working through photovoltaic panels
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one tank and one small water-pipe with 5-6 fountains placed in the town hygienic services connected to the sewerage
For the location of wells in each settlement a geophysical survey was based through a geoelectric study (Vertical Electric Survey - VES) and through the profile of resistivity with classical techniques of tomography.
Water Village Programme Country: Mali Starting Date: 1983 - Completion Date: 1992 Clients: Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Development Cooperation Department ; C. Lotti & Ass Project Supervisor: C. Rossi Disciplines: −
Water resources
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Urban and regional planning
Project Summary In the framework of this important project funded by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs regarding water supplying in villages belonging to the area of Sahelian, the adjustment of an adequate geophysical methodology for research of discontinuous aquifers has been implemented in the first place that was preceded from the former geological and photo geological study of the main trends of fractures. A following geophysical survey has been carried
out including geo-electrical and magneto-metric analysis of up to 900 locations where is suitable for drilling to install the adequate manual pumps. The villages investigated comprised the prefectures of Kangaba, Kati, Koulikoro, Oulessebougou, Kayes and Yelimanè. The project has also designed the capacity building activity for the local staff through theoretical and practical training courses on geophysics. Under this action four geophysics of the technical staff and two data interpreters have been trained.
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Projects in: Geophysics Water village Programme Country: Niger Starting Date: 1987 - Completion Date: 1990 Clients: Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Department of Development Cooperation; I.N.C. Project Supervisor: C. Rossi Disciplines: − −
Water resources Urban and regional planning
Project Summary The project aimed at implementing 45 wells with submerged pumps, tanks and generators. The project was carried out through a geological, hydrogeological and geo-physical studies for the research and the estimate of the aquifers in the sedimentary superficial layer of the ground. The study was executed in the region of Thauoa by acquisition of
hydro-geological data both from bibliography and direct practical evidences. Geophysical research was carried out by Vertical Electrical Survey (VES) to find the most productive depth and to define the stratigraphy of the subsoil.
Water Village Programme Country: Ciad Starting Date: 2001 - Completion Date: 2003 Clients: European Union – C. Lotti & Ass. Project Supervisor: C. Rossi Disciplines: −
Water resources
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Urban and regional planning
Project Summary The most comprehensive project aimed at implementing of 1.700 wells for water supply in the villages in the north of Ciad. A geo-physical survey in the zone (under the prefecture of Bokoro and Moyto) was conducted in the fortress belonging to the crystalline basement. For each village the geophysical survey was conducted for the location of wells through geoelectrical researches Vertical Electric Survey (VES) 11
University of Siena
and resistivity profile. The studies in the field were conducted by a local team which was directed within the framework of the project.
CGT Centre of GeoTechnology
Projects in: Geophysics Geoelectrical investigations in Itigi, Malongwe, Mitundu and Kintinku Country: Tanzania Starting Date: 2007 - Completion Date: 2007 Clients: C.PP.S. Water Project Project Supervisor: T. Colonna Disciplines: −
Geoelectrical survey for water resources
Project Summary According to the agreement between CPPS Water Project and the Geophysics Laboratory of the Centre of GeoTechnologies (Siena University), the aim of this work was to evaluate the depth, the spreading and the features of the groundwater of Itigi, Malongwe, Mitundu and Kintinku villages areas, as previously suggested by C.PP.S. Water Project. The lack of water is the most important problem of these villages. In Itigi, Malongwe, Mitundu and Kintinku there are some little dispensaries to help local people for sanitary assistance and to give them water through a modest rainwater reserve storage in some cisterns during rainy season. These water reserves are not sufficient for the necessities of the whole villages. The final purpose of this study is to indicate, where it’s possible, an ideal location for future water drilling, by using the geological, geophysical and hydrogeological data. This type of interpretation supports decrease the drilling risks and the geological uncertainty, enhances details and decreases the economic risks related to the explored or investigated layers. In the past periods some water drilling was performed in these areas, but they didn’t intercept saturated levels even if sometimes 200 metres depth beyond were reached. For every geoelectrical survey were carried out GPS (Global Positioning System) measurements referring to fixed structure on field. The placement of geoelectrical surveys couldn’t be easy because of a lack of detailed cartography. To help the future location on field of the geophysical information of each area, we performed a basic map inside a GIS project. Recognizing the most important fixed elements and the geographical coordinates in GIS setting, it will be possible confine on field a potential area to explore by a drill, minimizing the drilling risk. In every work area we detected evident saturated layers, correlated to efficient groundwater contained in superficial deposits (10-25 meters from the topsoil). These areas were considered as potential drilling zone; even if it is impossible to estimate the productivity of these saturated levels, which depends on the season, we can calculate the drilling risk in the our best zone using the Archie’s law. Thanks to these studies CPPS Water Project in September 2007 realized in Itigi village a well: the water pumped from this well is enough to satisfy the Itigi village needs.
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Projects in: Hydrogeology Increasing a sustainable access to safe, water and to sanitation services in Kongwa Country: Tanzania Starting Date: 2007 - Completion Date: 2009 Clients: NUFFIC, Center for Environmental Planning and Technology Rwanda Project Supervisor: P.L. Fantozzi Disciplines: −
Environmental sciences
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Informed governance
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Water resources
Project Summary The main aim is to increase, in a sustainable way, the access to safe water and basic sanitation for the communities contributing to reduce the poverty. The setting of a already tested technology (phytosanitation) will also contribute to improve the quality of the water available for the people reducing components damaging for the health in the long term, according with the 2002 National Water Policy, which recommends an integrated and participatory approach among planning, development and management of water resources. The action will take place in Tanzania, in the Region of Dodoma, in the Districts of Kongwa and Chamwino (former Dodoma Rural). The action aims at sustainable improvement of Rural Water Supply & Sanitation (RWS&S) services for poor rural population of the area. To support 7 rural communities to access to drinkable water through the realization of 4 new water schemes, the restoration of 3 existing water schemes, establishing 300 sanitation facilities. The action will support the implementation of the Tanzanian Water Policy concerning the role and responsibility of the Water Users Associations and Water User Groups and private sector operators in order to improve the sustainability of the water schemes. The presence of private stakeholders in the management of the Water Schemes will be promoted and their roles formalized to avoid mismanagement of the schemes. The provision of safe and drinkable water to rural population will be achieved also through the introduction of innovative technology for improving the quality of groundwater (Phytosanitation Plant). Moreover the project will aim to strengthen the 2 District Water Departments and local communities to plan, develop and manage water supplies and sanitation facilities and services providing training and operative instruments (GIS database) to the Districts officers, facilitating a profitable interaction between public and private sector. 13
University of Siena
CGT Centre of GeoTechnology
Projects in: Hydrogeology Realization of a small dam in Central Tanzania: an example of direct cooperation between CGT and local users Country: Tanzania Starting Date: 2005 - Completion Date: 2010 Clients: FAO Project Supervisor: P.L. Fantozzi Disciplines: − − − −
Environmental sciences Land administration Informed governance Water resources
Project Summary The target of the project is the construction of a small dam in the Municipality of Kongwa (Dodoma Region, central Tanzania). This project has been proposed by the local community of the italian missionaries which lives in this area since the Sixties. The work will be used in order to mitigate the rain irregularity that which causes frequently the lost of crops, during the seeding and germination phases. After a preliminary draft of the dam project, the CGT members have supported in the area several mission in order to improve the topographic data, collect meteorological data and geological survey. The topographic data have been collected by several GPS techniques using a laser total station. During this mission many students and teachers working within the CGT staff, have collected samples of rocks and soils analyzed by the geo-technical laboratory of the CGT, to define the properties of soil and rocks of the dam site. Many maps of the interested area has been elaborated, and a first version of a project has been presented in march 2008. After this stage other improvements about the knowledge of the hydrology of the area has been performed and a final version of the dam has been elaborated in the 2009. The dam will be realized using a set of Maccaferri gabions filled by boulders, with a central septum of impervious layer realized in geotextiles. The dam will catch 418,000 m3 and will serve more than 2,000 families of local croppers.
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Projects in: Archaeology From the past to the present in Ethiopia: an interactive museum for Melka Kunture palaeolithic site Country: Ethiopia Starting Date: 2006 - Completion Date: 2007 Clients: European Union Project Supervisor: R.Salvini - M.C.Salvi Disciplines: − − −
Geo - Information Natural resources Earth Observation
Project Summary On the basis of the results of archaelogica rewsearches realized during the last fouty years, the main objective of the project has been the musealization, the safeguard and the tourist development of the of Melka Kunture (1.7 - 0.2 Myr b.p.). The Centre of GeoTechnologies was involved in the project responsible for the Geographic Information System (GIS) and the Remote Sensing area. The executed action has been: •
the creation of a topographic-archaeological map at a nominal scale of 1:10,000 in order to constitute the Geographic Information System (GIS). The maps, delivered to the Ethiopian Archaeological Service, has been utilized to propose Melka Kunture as a UNESCO World Heritage and to conduct territorial analyses for a better understanding of the relations between man and environment in the past. Moreover, the maps represent the background of the Web GIS available on the net at the address http://geoserver. itc.nl/melkakunture/index.asp.
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the application of the photogrammetric techniques to Gombore II OAM (Open Air Museum) and Symbiro sites, composed by palaeo-surfaces aged at 0.8-0.7 Myr b.p., in order to record archaeological data and to carry out intra-site analyses useful to understand the site formation process.
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the organization of the museum in the four buildings of the site (in cooperation with the Oromia Culture and Tourism Commission).
The elaboration of a topographic and archaeological map through a GIS application, finalized to these objectives: • to obtain an essential tool, delivered to the Ethiopian Archaeological Service, to propose Melka Kunture as a future UNESCO World Heritage, to safeguard the archaeological and natural heritage; • to conduct territorial analyses for a better understanding of the relations between man and environment in the past; • to create a topographic base for the realization of a Web GIS, conceived as the structural base for the navigation in the Internet site of Melka Kunture.
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University of Siena
CGT Centre of GeoTechnology
Projects in: Archaeology Ain Hofra Country: Lybia Starting Date: 2003 - Completion Date: 2003 Clients: Sciences of Antiquity Dep., Univ. “G.D’Annunzio” Chieti (Italy). Project Supervisor: R.Salvini Disciplines: −
Archaeology − Remote Sensing − Photogrammetry
Project Summary Remote sensing and terrestyrial digital photogrammetric studies have been applied to the sanctuary of Ain Hofra (Cyrene). The research concerned sites and remains of Roman adge and has been carried out in collaboration with Chieti University. The project aimed at valuing correlations between territorial and palaeo-antrophic elements. For such a work modern and traditional methodologies of analysis have been applied, with the purpose of getting detailed geological and geo-morphological data. The goal was the production of a geological and geomorphological map at the scale of 1:10,000 derived from fieldwork and from satellite images interpretation. During the fieldwork, along the new road connecting Shahat (the old Cyrene) to Susah, a lithostratigraphic section has been observed. At the Department of Antiquity of Shahat the following aerial images have been gathered: Photomosaic BW, realized by USA Army, at a nominal scale of 1:25.000, dated July 20 1943, Orthophotomosaic BW, realized by EIRA (IT), at a nominal scale of 1:20.000, year 1965. The scanning of the elements and their geometric correction has allowed the multitemporal comparison with satellite image and the identification of already excavated areas, with researches on going at the time and the location of features and superficial structures, or buried, potentially new findings. Moreover, the Ermas Porch of Cyrene Agorà has been object of a photogrammetric relief, and the consequent internal and external imageries orientation allowed the statues stereorestitution and their 3D model creations and analysis. Final outputs: Geological and geomorphological map at the scale of 1:10,000 Multitemporal study of the archaeological area Tri - Dimensional (3D) analysis of Ermas Porch site
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Projects in: Field Geology & Natural Resources Soil map of Benoue’ basin Country: Cameroun Starting Date: 1985 - Completion Date: 1985 Clients: Ifagraria S.p.A. Project Supervisor: R. Nevini Disciplines: − −
Environmental sciences Soil Sciences
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Hearth observation Natural resources
Project Summary The aim of this work was to provide a soil study of some lands in the north-east of Benoue’ basin, a tributary river of Niger, to sustain the development of agriculture in the area. The work started with a physiographic study using aerial photographs and field survey. The rural practices were only for the subsistence and there was a lack of possibilities to commercialize products in the surrounding villages. Beside atavistic customs which limited the human activities, the lack of stimulation to improve the production was also caused by the rash use of natural resources rapidly leading to their decline. The production of timber and firewood caused the exhaustion of woody surface in a short time and the beginning of desertification in a large area. Moreover, during the dry season the practice of burning the savannah to allow the grow of new grass for animal husbandry in the rainy season caused the destroy of superficial soil layer might which be eroded by heavy rains. The study carried out by CGT produced a detailed soil map at scale 1:50.000 for the the pastoral agrodevelopment projects and infrastructure works. Final output: Soil map at scale 1:50.000
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University of Siena
CGT Centre of GeoTechnology
Projects in: Field Geology & Natural Resources Soil map for “Tana Beles Project” Country: Ethiopia Starting Date: 1985 - Completion Date: 1985 Clients: Studio Pietrangeli S.p.A. . Project Supervisor: R.Nevini Disciplines: − −
Environmental sciences Soil Sciences
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Hearth observation Natural resources
Project Summary The aim of this work was the study of the soils of one important area in the central part of Ethiopia where many international projects have been developed. Lacking an adequate carthography of the zone, the work started with the study of aerial photographs to define the physiographic characters. Field survey appeared difficult for the lack of roads and for the unstable political situation of that period. In the map two main types of soils are distinguished, lateritic soils and vertisoils. Lateritic soils have a very low agronomic potentialities, but suitable for the development of infrastructures as roads, villages or landing areas. Vertisoils, having clayey properties, show agronomic potentialities, though they need attention in the governance of water resources especially concerning irrigation and other agricultural practices.
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Projects in: Field Geology & Natural Resources Semidetailded and detailed soil maps Country: Mauritania Starting Date: 1984 - Completion Date: 1985 Clients: Ifagraria S.p.A. Project Supervisor: R.Nevini Disciplines: −
Environmental sciences
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Soil Sciences
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Natural resources
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Hearth observation
Project Summary The aim of this work was to provide the understanding of one important alluvial area of Senegal river for sustainable development of agricultural irrigation. The soil study was conducted in two different phases, a semi-detailed survey at scale of 1:20,000 in a large area and then a detailed study at scale of 1:5,000 in the zones with high soil potentialities. The work started using the aerial photographs for the realization of a physiographic map which supported the field surves and rock samplings. The whole area is covered by alluvial deposits with a typical fluvial morphology, where small heights, presenting a low topographic profile, are composed of different soils. The small height variations, important to delineate the soils, are imperceptible on the terrain while the stereoscopic study of aerial photo allowed their cartographic delimitation. The surveyed soils would present good agronomic potentialities but they have high rates of alkalinity and salinity. Nevertheless, with adequate washes and hydraulic works, these soils can be reclaimed for agricultural practices taking account of the great availability of ground water reserves. The final outputs were a soil map, a land classification map for irrigation and a land use map.
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University of Siena
CGT Centre of GeoTechnology
Projects in: Field Geology & Natural Resources Land use map Country: Rwanda Starting Date: 1987 - Completion Date: 1988 Clients: Technosynesis S.p.A. Project Supervisor: R.Nevini Disciplines: − −
Environmental sciences Hearth observation
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Natural resources
Project Summary The main aim of this work was to realize a detailed Land Use map of the whole Rwanda: this map constituted the base for urban and regional planning. Thanks to the nominal scale of 1:20,000 it allowed to plan the interventions at large and small scale as well. The map has been finalized in one year, by interpreting more than 4,500 aerial photographs and several land surveys. We used 250 topographical sheets as cartographic base map. Since these sheets weren’t obtained by photogrammetric analysis, we transferred the photo interpreted boundaries by means of OMI Stereo Facet plotter. It permitted both a stereoscopic interpretation of details and a reliable stereoscopic delimitation of facets. A detailed land use map was realized. For instance we mapped coffee and the parcels, the main agricultural activities in Rwanda, up to the extension of 400 square meters. This detailed mapping has been considered appropriate for the “Land of a Thousand Hills”, where the complex morphology influences the fragmentation of cultivations. We realized also a cartography at a nominal scale of 1:100,000, to update the information by using SPOT imagery and realizing false colour composites: by this updating it was possible to check the enlargement of cultivations and as well forest detriment.
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How to reach us
The CGT is located in central Italy, just about 50 Km south-est of Florence.
AUSTRIA
SVIZZERA
UNGHERIA
Bolzano SLOVENIA
Milano NCIA
By Car
FRA
The CGT is located near the main traffic arteries of central Italy, the A1 Highway. To reach the CGT please use the highway exit “Valdarno” and then follow the directions “ San Giovanni Valdarno” and “Centro di GeoTecnologie”.
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By Train The CGT is located at about 300 m from the railway station of S. Giovanni Valdarno and is connected to the
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Brindisi
Cagliari
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Palermo
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Messina Reggio Calabria
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station by underpasses.
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The railway station of S. Giovanni Valdarno connects with the following routes: − − −
Roma/Firenze Firenze/Arezzo-Chiusi Firenze/Foligno
Direct train connection from Firenze S.M.N. - San Giovanni Valdarno: 29 minutes. Direct train connection from Arezzo - San Giovanni Valdarno: 25 minutes (http://www.trenitalia.com). By Airplane You can reach the CGT from the: − −
International Airport of Florence “A.Vespucci” (50 Km) International Airport of Pisa “G.Galilei” (140 Km)
CGT - Centre of GeoTechnology University of Siena Via Vetri Vecchi 34 52027 - San Giovanni Valdarno (AR) - Italy tel fax mail web
+39 055 9119400 +39 055 9119439 geotecnologie@unisi.it www.geotechnology.eu