H2Uppp ASEAN H2 - Snapshot 2023

H2Uppp ASEAN H2Snapshot 2023 Green Hydrogen and PtX market potentials in ASEAN

Content Foreword

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Indonesia

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H2Uppp Programme

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Malaysia

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Green Hydrogen: Solution for Decarbonisation

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Singapore

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Applications of Hydrogen

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Thailand

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Technology Behind Green Hydrogen

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Vietnam

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Green Hydrogen Market

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GIZ Thailand Contact Information

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Country Overview

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PPPs from H2Uppp

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AHK ASEAN Contact Information

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Foreword Greetings, As the Project Manager of H2Uppp, a programme commissioned by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK), I am delighted to introduce the H2Uppp ASEAN H2-Snapshot 2023 on the transformative potential of green hydrogen in Southeast Asia. At H2Uppp, we believe that green hydrogen is a key instrument to achieving a sustainable and decarbonised future, and this publication aims to shed light on its significance, current developments, and promising projects in the region.

The world is at a critical juncture in its battle against climate change, and the adoption of green hydrogen is emerging as a keystone for success. Our programme, H2Uppp, stands as an example of the great commitment of the German government to fostering international co-operation and innovation to accelerate the transition to a green economy. Through this initiative, we strive to promote market development and the scale-up of green hydrogen projects, with a particular focus on Southeast Asia, a region brimming with potential.

Within the pages of this Snapshot, we provide insights into the mission and mechanisms of our programme.

We discover the growing markets for green hydrogen and the economic opportunities they present for businesses and investors.

Lastly, we provide country profiles for Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam, showcasing exemplary green hydrogen projects that are already making a tangible impact on their respective energy landscapes.

As we navigate the path toward a greener and more sustainable future, the H2Uppp programme brings forward new partnerships and pioneering solutions. I invite you to embark on this journey with us and witness firsthand the promise of green hydrogen in Southeast Asia.

Thank you for your interest and commitment to a brighter, cleaner, and more sustainable tomorrow.

Sincerely, Tim Nees H2Uppp SE Asia Programme Manager

We explore the pivotal role green hydrogen plays in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and show the diverse applications of green hydrogen under planning and in operation in Southeast Asia.

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H2Uppp Programme WHAT IS THE H2UPPP PROGRAMME? The project promotes the development of green hydrogen (GH₂) and Powerto-X (PtX) markets to assist Germany and its partner countries in achieving their carbon neutrality goals and accelerating the global energ y transition.

By supporting the market ramp-up of green hydrogen initiatives in the ASEAN region, H2Uppp fosters the development and application of new technologies in one of the world’s fastest-growing markets. Beyond achieving net-zero targets, green hydrogen can play a significant role in sustainable economic development, energy security and job creation.

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HOW IS H2UPPP FUNDED AND IMPLEMENTED? The H2Uppp programme is funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK) and implemented by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH in collaboration with AHKs (The German Chambers of Commerce Abroad).

WHAT IS THE OBJECTIVE? The main objective of H2Uppp is to promote the development of green hydrogen and Power-to-X markets in the partner countries through private and public sector co-operation. The project facilitates crucial activities, such as expert networking, knowledge transfer through research and trainings, as well as joint Public-Private Pa r t n e r s h i p s ( P P P s ) w i t h t h e private sector that contribute to the advancement of green hydrogen and Power-to-X technologies.

APPROACH NETWORKING AND PROJECT SCOUTING

KNOW-HOW AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT

H2Uppp assists companies in identifying project ideas as well as establishing connections with potential partners and customers.

It also provides training and strengthens the connection between the public and private sectors.

H2Uppp supports project ideas through studies, technical training, and expert conferences. It aims to strengthen the capacity of local institutions and develop measures for a successful market entry of green hydrogen.

PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) H2Uppp co-operates with companies from the European Union (EU) and its partner countries to conduct pilot projects related to green hydrogen and Power-to-X. This formalised partnership ensures effective co-operation between different stakeholders.

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Green Hydrogen Solution for Decarbonisation

Hydrogen can be transported in various ways, with the choice of method depending on factors like distance, quantity, and infrastructure availability.

GREEN HYDROGEN Green hydrogen refers to hydrogen generated from renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, etc.

The term ‘green’ signifies that the production process is environmentally-friendly and emits no greenhouse gases, as the only by-product of electrolysis is hydrogen and oxygen.

Green hydrogen is a versatile and clean energy carrier that can replace fossil fuels and contribute to a more sustainable and climate-friendly energy system.

DO YOU KNOW THAT HYDROGEN IS CATEGORISED INTO DIFFERENT COLOURS BASED ON THEIR PRODUCTION METHOD?

Brown hydrogen produced from coal emits around 18-20 tonnes CO₂ per 1 ton of H₂.

Grey hydrogen produced from natural gas emits around 10-12 tonnes CO₂ per 1 ton of H₂.

Source: International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)

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Blue hydrogen produced from natural gas with carbon capture and storage (CCS).

Why is green hydrogen a solution for decarbonisation?

Renewable energy from solar and wind can be stored long-term in the form of hydrogen, e.g., storing solar energy in summer to use in winter.

Approximately 75 Mt of hydrogen is produced globally each year. However, in 2021 only about 1% of global hydrogen output was produced using renewable energy sources.

APPLICATIONS OF HYDROGEN GREEN HYDROGEN IN HARD-TO-ABATE SECTORS Green hydrogen is a carbon-free energy carrier, offering a solution for applications that are hard to electrify, such as heavy-duty transport, high-temperature applications, and feedstock for industrial and chemical processes.

Why is hydrogen a promising energy carrier for the medium to long-term future?

Increasing demand for clean energy

Falling costs of systems (e.g., electrolyser, fuel cells, etc.)

Industrial sector Hydrogen is mostly used in ammonia and methanol production and oil refining.

Hydrogen is used in the production of products, such as steel and concrete.

Hydrogen

Maturity of Hydrogen Solutions (compared with other decarbonisation solutions)

Chemicals and refineries

International shipping

Steel

Electrification Long-haul trucks

Short-haul aviation Regional trucks

Residential heating

Long-haul aviation Seasonal storage

Ferries

Urban vehicles

High-temperature heating Trains

Mid-temperature heating

Transport sector Hydrogen can be used in various types of transportation, including aviation and marine transportation.

By emitting only water vapour, fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) can reduce carbon emissions.

Source: Policies for green hydrogen, IRENA

Power sector Excess electricity can be stored by converting it into hydrogen.

Later, it can be converted back to electricity when needed, providing a reliable and flexible energy supply.

Sources: Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Energy Association (FCHEA), IRENA

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GREEN HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

Technology Behind Green Hydrogen Green hydrogen is produced from renewable energy sources, with solar energy being the most promising source for most regions.

Green hydrogen is either transported in compressed or liquefied form or converted into derivatives such as ammonia.

The electricity is used to split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen, using electrolysers.

OR SOLAR PV WIND

ELECTROLYSER GREEN (Alkaline, PEM, HYDROGEN Solid Oxide, AEM)

HYDROGEN STORAGE

GREEN HYDROGEN

PIPELINE AND COMPRESSION

GREEN HYDROGEN

LARGEST GREEN HYDROGEN PROJECTS (planning and implementation phase) Ranked by highest renewable energy capacity 1. HyDeal Ambition (67 GW) 2. Reckaz (30 GW) 3. Western Green Energy Hub (28 GW) 4. AMAN (16 GW) 5. Asian Renewable Energy Hub (14 GW) 6. Oman Green Energy Hub (14 GW) 7. AquaVentus (10 GW) 8. NortH₂ (10 GW) 9. H2 Magallanes (8 GW) 10. Beijing Jingneng (5 GW)

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Renewable electricity cost The cost of renewable electricity is expected to continue decreasing. For example, solar electricity is projected to decrease to less than US$0.01 per kWh by 2050.

Electrolyser cost Regarding Capital Expenditure (CAPEX), the cost of electrolysers is expected to significantly decrease over time as economies of scale are realised, production processes are streamlined in the future, and efficiency (learning rate) improves.

Electrolysers, including PEM and alkaline electrolysers, are expected to cost between US$170-770 per kWh in 2050.

Conversion cost Innovative conversion methods can lead to additional reductions, such as using metal hydrides (e.g., magnesium), carbon scaffolding, or other nanostructures, as well as developing reversible hydrocarbons and other liquids.

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Sources: International Energy Agency (IEA), IRENA, Petrofac, World Energy Council

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GREEN HYDROGEN COST REDUCTION FACTORS

Transportation cost Some potential areas for cost reduction include the adaptation of existing pipeline infrastructure and the implementation of more energy-efficient compression or liquefaction methods in the long term.

Green Hydrogen Market The global hydrogen market and forecast for 2050 2020

Forecast of green-blue-grey-hydrogen production costs 2050*

Cost in US$ per kg of hydrogen

increase by 8x

Green H2 Blue H2

75 Mt of hydrogen/year

528-696 Mt of hydrogen/year

Grey H2

*under the net zero scenario

The development of green hydrogen Most hydrogen is still derived from fossil fuels (82%) and as a by-product of naphtha reforming (18%), leading to significant greenhouse gas emissions, whereas only 0.04% is produced by zero-emission electrolysis.** Despite a small share of global hydrogen production, the hydrogen electrolyser capacity grew sevenfold from 2018 to 2022. This growth, driven by falling costs and rapid scale-up, is expected to continue in the future.

Electrolyser capacity of planned projects until 2030

• Small-scale projects (< 100 MW)

• Mid-scale projects (100-1,000 MW)

• Large-scale projects (> 1,000MW)

** as of 2021 Sources: IEA, IRENA, McKinsey, Statista, World Energy Council

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Countries Overview

1,904,569 km2

275,501,339 Export volume: US$323.08 billion

INDONESIA GDP per capita: US$4,788

330,241 km2

GDP per capita: US$11,972 8

33,938,221 Export volume: US$300.00 billion

MALAYSIA

Source: The World Bank (2022)

Import volume: US$275.70 billion

Import volume: US$271.86 billion

Export volume: US$870.81 billion

SINGAPORE

5,637,030

728 km2

GDP per capita: US$82,808

Import volume: US$701.63 billion

Export volume: US$325.86 billion

THAILAND

71,697,030 513,120 km

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GDP per capita: US$6,909

Import volume: US$337.47 billion

Export volume: US$341.58 billion

VIET NAM

98,186,856 331,340 km2

GDP per capita: US$4,163

Import volume: US$341.15 billion

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Indonesia

ELECTRICITY SOURCES Average electricity production by energy sources

Electricity price in 2022:

Oil 6.1%

Renewable sources 15.4%

from US$0.073/kWh in industrial use Electricity generation capacity from renewable sources

Total installed capacity of electricity generation from renewable sources in 2022 was 12,543 MW.

Sources: Ember, IRENA

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Natural gas 26.6%

NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY (NEP)

NET ZERO EMISSIONS (NZE) ROADMAP

NEP was issued by the Government of Indonesia (GOI) in 2014.

The NZE Roadmap aims to establish a green hydrogen production capacity of 328 MW by the early 2030s and an increase up to 53 GW in 2050.

Policy’s Goals:

al ss er PV ind gas ow oma erm lar W Bio p o i h o S B eot dr y G H

Solar power Potential generation of 1,500 GWh, of which Sumatra and Kalimantan dominate by about 40%

to US$0.095/kWh in residential use

Coal 51.9%

Tax holiday: By 2025, a minimum of 23% of renewable energy in energy mix is planned.

Biomass and biogas High capacity due to Indonesia’s agricultural industry

By 2060, Indonesia aims to be a carbon-neutral country.

Companies in the renewable energy business are classified for tax holidays.

Renewable energy is on the list.

THE CURRENT HYDROGEN MARKET IN INDONESIA

PROJECT SHOWCASE Sectors of application iron, steel, and chemical industry

Approximately 11,000 tonnes of hydrogen are produced annually.

BY 2050 The expected demand for green hydrogen is 9 Mt.

The average price of hydrogen in 2022 was US$2.5-3.0/kg

HYDROGEN-RELATED AGENCIES Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) MEMR oversees the development and implementation of green hydrogen-related policies and projects in Indonesia.

The Ministry of Finance (MOF) MOF provides fiscal policy support, and indirectly assists green hydrogen projects.

Pertamina Geothermal Green Hydrogen Pilot Project PT Pertamina Power Indonesia is constructing a green hydrogen plant in Lampung Province’s Ulubelu area to provide green hydrogen to local petrochemical plants.

The project is currently in the process of obtaining environmental permits from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry.

Production goals: 100kg of green hydrogen daily

Tax exemption In 2021, the Emissions Trading System (ETS) was launched by the MEMR concerning emission trading and carbon tax in Indonesia.

FCEVs have been granted luxury tax exemption, as outlined in the MOF Regulation.

Sources: EKONID, IEG, IRENA, Pertamina

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Malaysia

ELECTRICITY SOURCES Electricity price in 2022:

Average electricity production by energy sources Other 1.0%

Renewable sources 19.1% Coal 42.2%

from US$0.047/kWh in residential use Electricity generation capacity from renewable sources

Total installed capacity of electricity generation from renewable sources in 2022 was 9044 MW. ss er as PV ow lar oma Biog p o i o S B dr Hy

Solar Power Potential generation of 269 GWh

Natural gas 37.7%

MALAYSIA RENEWABLE ENERGY ROADMAP (MYRER) Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources and Sustainable Energy Development Authority (SEDA) issued the roadmap in 2021.

Renewable energy policy support Pricing policies

MyRER trajectory Achieving Malaysia’s Net Zero Emissions by 2050, with US$ 7.21 billion invested by 2035.

2025: 12,916 MW 2035: 17,996 MW

Feed-in Tariff (FiT) and Feed-in Premium (FiP)

Hydropower Potential generation of 16 GWh due to 189 river basins

Sources: Ember, IRENA, Malaysian Investment Development Authority (MIDA), SEDA

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to US$0.095/kWh in industrial use

To ensure that renewable energy producers can sell their energy to the grid at a set price for a specific duration.

45% by 2030 60% by 2035 compared to the 2005 level

THE CURRENT HYDROGEN MARKET IN MALAYSIA

PROJECT SHOWCASE

Currently, Malaysia does not produce hydrogen but imports a small amount of it.

BY 2050 The expected demand for green hydrogen is 1.5 Mt.

Sector of application chemical industry The average price of hydrogen in 2022 was US$2.61/kg

HYDROGEN-RELATED AGENCY AND PROJECT Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) MOSTI oversees the development of hydrogen as source of energy, including a proposed hydrogen roadmap: Three phases of the roadmap

Sarawak Economic Development Corporation Energy (SEDC), together with Samsung Engineering, Lotte Chemcial, and POSCO, is developing a hydrogen plant in Bintulu Petchem Industrial Park, Sarawak, expected to be operational by 2027.

Production goals:

Integrated Production Plant and Refuelling Station Under the partnership between Seremban Engineering Berhad (SEB) and Linde-EOX, the plant was established in 2019.

hydrogen as feedstock for the chemical industry

7,000 tonnes of green hydrogen annually for domestic use

630,00 tonnes of green ammonia for export Ongoing feasibility studies to explore the potential to supply H2biscus with a minimum of 900 MW hydropower.

hydrogen as fuel for internal combustion engines hydrogen in fuel cells for transportation applications

H2biscus Project in Sarawak

130 kg/day of hydrogen for refuelling hydrogen-powered buses and FCEVs

Source: DNV ( Det Norske Veritas), IRENA, MIDA, MOSTI, Samsung Engineering, Sarawak Energy

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Singapore

ELECTRICITY SOURCES Electricity price in 2022:

Average electricity production by energy sources Natural gas 90%

from US$0.236/kWh for residential use Electricity generation capacity from renewable sources

Total installed capacity of electricity generation from renewable sources in 2022 was 846 MW. er PV aste gas nd Wi pow io w B l o pa dr ici Hy un ar

l So

to US$0.315/kWh for industrial use

SINGAPORE’S LONG-TERM LOW-EMISSIONS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY (LEDS) The strategy aims to reduce carbon emissions to 33 MtCO2e by 2050.

CARBON PRICING ACT (CPA) The act applies across all sectors without exemptions, imposing a carbon tax on companies emitting 25,000 tonnes or more of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e) annually.

The initial carbon tax rate in 2019

M

Solar power The most feasible renewable energy resource in Singapore, with an estimated potential capacity of 8.6 GW-peak

Oil 4.9% Renewable sources 4.1% Coal 1%

By 2030, Singapore aims to install a minimum of 2 GW-peak of solar capacity.

US$5/tCO2e Target for 2024-2025 US$25/tCO2e

Sources: EMBER, IRENA, National Climate Change Secretariat (NCCS), Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore (SERIS)

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PROJECT SHOWCASE

THE CURRENT HYDROGEN MARKET IN SINGAPORE Sector of application chemical industry

Currently, Singapore does not produce hydrogen but imports a small quantity of it.

BY 2050 Up to 50% of the produced electricity could be generated by hydrogen.

The average price of hydrogen in 2022 was

Linde and Evonik Agreement In April 2023, Linde and Evonik entered a long-term agreement for the supply of green hydrogen.

US$7.26/kg

HYDROGEN-RELATED AGENCY AND PLAN Singapore’s National Hydrogen Strategy 2022

Low-Carbon Energy Research Funding Initiative (LCER FI)

The strategy promotes clean hydrogen, especially in the maritime and aviation sectors.

In 2021, the Government of Singapore granted US$55 million to support 12 projects focusing on developing low-carbon energy technology solutions.

Linde will build and operate a 9 MW alkaline electrolyser plant on Jurong Island, Singapore, to produce green hydrogen. Evonik will utilise the green hydrogen for the production of methionine, a crucial element in animal feed.

Key development

The plant is expected to be operational in 2024.

Hydrogen and Fuell Cell Association of Singapore (HFCAS) A platform linking industry, academia, and the Government of Singapore to identify best practices for Singapore’s hydrogen and fuel cell sector.

Hydrogen safe hydrogen deployment

Carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS)

Sources: IEA, HFCAS, Linde, Ministry of Trade and Industry Singapore

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Thailand

ELECTRICITY SOURCES Electricity price in 2022:

Average electricity production by energy sources Renewable sources 15.5%

from US$0.138/kWh for residential use

Electricity generation capacity from renewable sources

Total installed capacity of electricity generation from renewable sources in 2022 was 12,197 MW. er as PV nd ow lar Wi Biog So

s

as

om

Bi

Coal 19.8%

to US$0.143/kWh for industrial use

LONG-TERM LOW GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY The strategy aims for carbon neutrality by 2050 and net zero GHG emissions by 2065.

In 2021, the Thailand Board of Investment (BOI) introduced tax exemption schemes.

Biomass Target capacity of 5,790 MW in 2037

Wind power (offshore) Target capacity of 2,989 MW in 2037

Sources: BOI, Ember, IRENA, Thailand Greenhouse Management Organization

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Natural gas 63.8%

Incentive for low carbon investment

op dr Hy

Solar power Target capacity of 12,129 MW in 2037

Other 0.9%

The incentive is planned to promote investments in low-carbon technologies across sectors.

Energy

Industrial processes Transport

Waste

Agriculture

THE CURRENT HYDROGEN MARKET IN THAILAND

PROJECT SHOWCASE Sectors of application oil refining and petrochemical industry

The current hydrogen production capacity is 350,000 tonnes of hydrogen per year.

BY 2050 The expected demand for green hydrogen to fully decarbonise gas-fired power plants is 3.38 Mt.

The average price of hydrogen in 2022 was US$2.0-5.0/kg

HYDROGEN-RELATED AGENCIES Energy Policy and Planning Office (EPPO)

Hydrogen Thailand Club

EPPO is responsible for proposing national energy policies and plans, including energyrelated measures and energy conservation.

The Hydrogen Thailand Club is an organisation to drive the development of hydrogen technology and applications in Thailand.

Power Development Plan (PDP)

The club has currently 20 public and private member organisations, including PTT Public and Bangkok Industrial Gas Co.

According to the current PDP plan (2023-2037), EPPO aims to produce and utilise a maximum amount of hydrogen usage up to 20% in power plants by 2037.

One project involves Thailand’s first hydrogen refuelling station, a collaboration between PTT, OR, Toyota, and BIG. This partnership seeks to influence the future of transportation through Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV).

EGAT Learning Centre, Lam Takong

The EGAT Learning Centre at Lam Takong is a project initiated by the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) with the aim to establish an education resource on electricity generation.

The EGAT Learning Centre is powered by a wind-hydrogen hybrid system.

The 1-MW PEM electrolyser utilises curtailed power generated by 12 wind turbines located at the upper reservoir of the Lamtakong Jolabha Vadhana Power Plant to produce hydrogen. This hydrogen is then converted back into electricity by a 300 kW PEM fuel cell, which powers the EGAT Learning Centre.

Sources: EGAT, EPPO

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Viet Nam

ELECTRICITY SOURCES Average electricity production by energy sources

Electricity price in 2022:

Natural gas 10.7%

from US$0.075/kWh for industrial use

to US$0.079/kWh for residential use

s s er PV ind as ga ow lar W om Bio So Bi

Renewable sources 50.3%

Coal 38.8%

POWER DEVELOPMENT PLAN (PDP8)

Electricity generation capacity from renewable sources

Total installed capacity of electricity generation from renewable sources in 2022 was 45,326 MW.

Other 0.2%

The National Electricity Development Plan for 2021-2030 with a vision to 2050 has been delivered by the Ministry of Industry and Trade (MOIT).

op dr Hy

Promoting the gradual phase-out of coal-fired power plants while increasing the production of renewable energy and the development of liquified natural gas (LNG).

Goals Hydropower The most developed and widely used renewable energy source in Viet Nam

Solar power Favourable policies and a rapid increase in installed capacity

Sources: EMBER, IRENA, MOIT, Vietnam Electricity (EVN)

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Wind power (offshore) A potential of 470 GWh generation capacity

• By 2030, 48% of installed electricity capacity will come from wind, solar, hydropower, and biomass

• Conversion or closure of all coal-fired power plants • By 2050, the capacity of renewable energy will increase to 66-71% of electricity generation

THE CURRENT HYDROGEN MARKET IN VIET NAM Approximately 200,000 tonnes of hydrogen is produced annually in Viet Nam. BY 2050 The expected demand for green hydrogen is 52.9 Mt.

PROJECT SHOWCASE Sectors of application steel and oil refining The average price of hydrogen in 2022 was US$2.5-5.0/kg

HYDROGEN-RELATED AGENCIES

TGS Tra Vinh Green Hydrogen Project TGS, a member of The Green Solutions Group, is constructing Viet Nam’s first green hydrogen plant in Tra Vinh province’s Duyen Hai district.

The main contributors are Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (TKIS) and Thyssenkrupp Nucera AG

& Co. KGaA.

Vietnam ASEAN Hydrogen Club (VAHC) VAHC aims to serve as a central hub for the hydrogen economy, within Vietnam and the ASEAN region.

Established due to growing interest in energy storage, VAHC functions as a formal network for stakeholders from governmental and non-governmental agencies, including policymakers, scientists, project developers, and financial investors. The organisation offers a platform for sharing resources in various domains, such as human capital, land, technology, and finance, with the goal of advancing the hydrogen industry.

Investment: US$341 million Production goals:

Key organisational participants in this initiative include VPBank, Pacific Group Co. Ltd, and DNP.

Sources: ASEAN Briefing, International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), VAHC

24,000 tonnes of 150,000 tonnes green hydrogen of green ammonia 19

GIZ Thailand Contact Information The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit, also known as GIZ GmbH, provides services in international co-operation with a focus on sustainable development. GIZ works on behalf of both the public and private sectors, serving clients in Germany and overseas. These clients include the Governments of other countries, the United Nations, the World Bank, European Union institutions, and other donor organisations. Currently, GIZ operates in more than 120 countries, with approximately 24,000 staff members working around the world.

GIZ Thailand was established in 1959, marking the first milestone of Thai-German Technical Cooperation. With more than 300 projects implemented since then, this co-operation covers all areas of sustainable development through change and developmental processes. The efforts have ranged from promoting vocational education, infrastructure, health, and rural development to shifting focus towards energy, environment, and sustainable economic development.

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Tim Nees H2Uppp SE Asia Programme Manager tim.nees@giz.de www.thai-german-cooperation.info

EXISTING H2UPPP PPP PROJECTS

PPPs from H2Uppp

Risk mitigation Mexico: Green ammonia (Hy2Gen) A blueprint for an integrated off-grid project to produce green ammonia.

Local professionals and expertise Thailand: H2-Training Hub (Enapter) Establishment of a knowledge hub for green modular hydrogen systems in Chiang Mai.

Brazil: SynCrude (MELE Biogas GmbH) Co-operation to produce sustainable hydrogen derived from biogas and green hydrogen.

Global: Online Training (RENAC) E-learning programme on hydrogen projects for project developers and project financiers from developing and emerging countries.

Innovative business models and technologies Chile: Lighthouse e-fuel Project FrontEnd Engineering Design (FEED) Study for a Power-to-Liquid (PtL) plant.

What can H2Uppp offer in a PPP? Chile: Ammonia pooling concept (Soventix) Development of a sustainable green hydrogen/ammonia plant pool in the Antofagasta region.

1) Feasibility study 2) Market analysis 3) Technology and industrialisation roadmaps 4) Financing concepts 5) Regulatory assessment

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AHK ASEAN Contact Information The German Chambers of Commerce Abroad (AHKs) provide support, assistance, and advocacy for German companies worldwide that are seeking to establish their operations internationally.

The AHK network, consisting of bilateral Chambers of Commerce Abroad, delegations, and representative offices of German businesses, advises, supports, and represents German companies worldwide.

AHKs play a crucial role in supporting companies in entering new markets, finding the appropriate partners, and assisting in company formation, as well as offering comprehensive support related to legal and tax matters, including bookkeeping services for companies abroad. Services concerning trade fairs, such as the acquisition of exhibitors, visitors, public relations, and the provision of relevant information are also included.

Indonesia

info@ekonid.id +62 213154685 www.ekonid.com

Malaysia

info@malaysia.ahk.de +60 3 9235 1800 www.malaysia.ahk.de

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Singapore

Thailand

info@sgc.org.sg +65 6433 5330 singapur.ahk.de

info@gtcc.org +66 2 670 0600 thailand.ahk.de

Viet Nam

info@vietnam.ahk.de +84 8 38239775 vietnam.ahk.de

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IMPRINT

German-Thai Chamber of Commerce 14th Floor, AIA Sathorn Tower 11/1 South Sathorn Road, Yannawa, Sathorn, Bangkok 10120 +66 2 055 0600 info@gtcc.org GIZ Office Bangkok 193/63 Lake Rajada Office Complex (16th floor), New Ratchadapisek Road, Klongtoey, Bangkok 10110 +66 2 661 9273 #153 giz-thailand@giz.de

Publisher German-Thai Chamber of Commerce Editor Tim Nees, Dr. Pramote Puengjinda, Chatchanis Kasemwong, Dr. Chulaluck Pratthana International Hydrogen Ramp-Up Programme “H2Uppp” GIZ Office Bangkok Concept International Hydrogen Ramp-Up Programme “H2Uppp”, German-Thai Chamber of Commerce

Funded by Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK) Design and Layout Sorapol Liengboonlertchai German-Thai Chamber of Commerce Printing B.N.S. ADVANCE Ltd. Partnership Status October 2023 Legal Information © German-Thai Chamber of Commerce, October 2023 All rights reserved. Content is for informational purposes only. No printing or copying is allowed without permission.

German-Thai Chamber of Commerce and GIZ are not liable for its accuracy or any errors.

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Sources Ember Electricity Data Explorer, 2023 International Energy Agency (IEA), 2023 International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), 2023 Linde plc, 2023 PT Pertamina Power Indonesia, 2023 Sarawak Economic Development Corporation Energy (SEDC), 2023 The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT), 2023 The World Bank, 2023 Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (TKIS), 2023 Thyssenkrupp Nucera AG & Co. KGaA, 2023