Production challenges and probiotic solutions Wouter Van der Veken Global Product Manager Probiotics
Overview 1.
Current situation
2.
Production diseases a) b)
Necrotic enteritis Dysbacteriosis
3.
Probiotic solutions
4.
Conclusion
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Current situation Challenges
Production diseases
AB reduction
Consumer demands
Animal welfare
…
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Production diseases “Diseases which tend to persist in animal production systems and, typically, become more prevalent or severe, in proportion to the potential productivity of the system”
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Production diseases Impact 10-15% reduced performance efficiency on average Uncontrolled Controlled
Economic losses per bird due to clostridiosis in broiler flocks
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Necrotic enteritis Definition Severe necrosis of intestinal mucosa
Causative agent Clostridium perfringens
Consequences Susceptible to secondary infections
Increased FCR
Decreased health
Decreased final weights
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Dysbacteriosis Definition Inflammation of small intestine/disruption of normal gut flora
Cause Stress leading to feed passage alteration, creating conditions for Clostridium perfringens proliferation
Consequences Disrupted gut integrity
Impaired digestion
Decreased health and performance
Bacterial overgrowth
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Clostridium perfringens
Gram-positive
Rod-shaped
Anaerobic
Spore-forming
Pathogenic
Ever-present in nature
Type A toxin: understanding changed!
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Probiotic solutions Definition Beneficial viable micro-organisms incorporated into feed or drinking water to enhance the gut and its microbiota, resulting in a health and/or performance benefit Origin Human application - yoghurt, kefir, fermented food, … Antibiotic reduction - need for alternatives
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Probiotic solutions Importance gut health Production diseases, but also…
Performance
Wet litter
Lameness (Bacterial chondronecrosis + osteomyelitis)
…
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Probiotic solutions
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Probiotic solutions Potential
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Probiotic mode of action 1. Competition for nutrients 2. Bioconversion 3. Production of growth substrates
4. Direct antagonism 5. Competitive exclusion 6. Improved barrier function 7. Reduction of inflammation
8. Stimulation immune response Which probiotic to choose? Bermudez-Brito et al, 2012
Adjusted www.customprobiotics.com
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Bacillus licheniformis
Gram-positive
Spore-forming
Facultative anaerobic
Production of metabolites
Lichenicidin
Germinated state (A, B) and spore (C) Vogel et al., 2008
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Lichenicidin Bacillus licheniformis Formation of lichenicidin
Antimicrobial peptide
B. licheniformis inhibition zone vs. C. perfringens Angels et al., 2018
Nanomolar activity
No known resistance: targets lipid II in cell walls
Targeted inhibition of C. perfringens Begley et al. (2009), Caetano et al. (2011), Dischinger et al. (2009)
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Lichenicidin – in vitro
Inhibition of undesirable bacteria
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Lichenicidin – in vivo Set-up Control
B-Act®
Commercial farm, Germany: 23 300 turkeys divided over 2 houses (1 per group) Groups 1. Control
2. 1.6 x 1012 CFU B. licheniformis / mton of feed (B-Act®)
Internal research
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Probiotics and necrotic enteritis Performance under NE infection (0- 28 days) 1000
Set-up 2.2
900
360 broilers (Cobb 500) per group
2.1b
946a 839b
838b
Infection challenge
2
1. 5000 oocysts E. Maxima/bird (day 13)
800 1.8
700
1.6a
1.7a 1.7a
1.6
600 1.4
500 1.2
400
300
1
non-infected birds
infected birds + BMD 50 ppm
Internal research - different letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05)
infected birds
infected birds + BAct 0.5 kg
FCR
WG (kg)
709c
2. 108 CFU C. perfringens (day 18, 19 and 20)
Groups 1. 2. 3. 4.
uninfected group infected group infected group + 50 ppm BMD infected group + 1.6 x 1012 CFU B. licheniformis / mton of feed (B-Act®)
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Probiotics and necrotic enteritis Mortality under NE infection (0-28 days) 18
Set-up
17b
360 broilers (Cobb 500) per group
16
Infection challenge
percentage mortality (%)
14
1. 5000 oocysts E. Maxima/bird (day 13)
12
2. 108 CFU C. perfringens (day 18, 19 and 20)
10
Groups
8 6 4
2a
2
0
0a
0a
non-infected birds
infected birds + BMD 50 ppm
Internal research - different letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05)
infected birds
infected birds + B-Act 0.5 kg
1. 2. 3. 4.
uninfected group infected group infected group + 50 ppm BMD infected group + 1.6 x 1012 CFU B. licheniformis / mton of feed (B-Act®)
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Probiotics and dysbacteriosis Set-up
1000 broilers (Ross 308) Groups
1. Control 2. 1.6 x 1012 CFU B. licheniformis / mton of feed (B-Act®) Scoring 50 birds/group were scored for dysbacteriosis Results
Dysbacteriosis score
Control
B-Act®
Day 24
1.24
0.57
Day 31
1.13
0.48
Internal research
Strong decrease of dysbacteriosis lesions
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Chosing the right probiotic
Dong et al., 2017
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Chosing the right probiotic 1.
Single-strain or multi-strain Inter-product competition
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Chosing the right probiotic 1.
Single-strain or multi-strain Inter-product competition
2.
Spores or vegetative cells Stability
Sample ID
Recovery of cells after pelleting (85°C, 30s)
Lactobacillus
<1 %
B. licheniformis
± 100 %
Internal research
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Chosing the right probiotic 1.
Single-strain or multi-strain Inter-product competition
2.
Spores or vegetative cells Stability
3.
Coloniser or non-coloniser Extra requirement + difficult “The inability of probiotic cultures to establish permanent colonization in the gastrointestinal tract has been well documented (Jacobsen et al., 1999; Tannock et al., 2000; Frese et al., 2012). “ – Spivey et al., 2014 continued repeated administration is required
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Chosing the right probiotic 1.
Single-strain or multi-strain Inter-product competition
2.
Spores or vegetative cells Stability
3.
Coloniser or non-coloniser Extra requirement + difficult
4.
Feed component combinations Safety + added benefit
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Chosing the right probiotic 1.
Single-strain or multi-strain Inter-product competition
2.
Spores or vegetative cells Stability
3.
Coloniser or non-coloniser Extra requirement + difficult
4.
Feed component combinations Safety + added benefit
5.
Information Minimal assumptions
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Chosing the right probiotic 1.
Single-strain or multi-strain
2.
Spores or vegetative cells
3.
Coloniser or non-coloniser
4.
Feed component combinations
5.
Information
Current situation – Production diseases – Probiotic solutions – Conclusion
Conclusion 1.
Production diseases related to gut health
Necrotic enteritis
Dysbacteriosis
Secondary challenges
2.
Need for profitable AB reduction
3.
Difficult, saturated probiotic market
Make the right choice
Thank you! Wouter Van der Veken Global Product Manager Probiotics wouter.vanderveken@huvepharma.com
A special thanks to all authors of the used content â&#x20AC;&#x201C; references available upon request