Calling the Lama from afar by Hana Schott

Translating

the Karmapas’ works

Calling tHE Lama from afar Two Supplications to the Root Teacher – by the 5th Shamar Rinpoche Könchok Yenlak and the 1st Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

Translating the Karmapas’ works The Karma Guen Translation Project

TRANSLATING THE KARMAPAS’ WORKS HEART TREASURIES OF MAHĀMUDRĀ MASTERS

Calling tHE Lama from afar Two Supplications to the Root Teacher – by the 5 th Shamar Rinpoche Könchok Yenlak and the 1st Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye The ITAS translation Team Artur Przybysławski, Vladislav Ermolin, and Julian Schott

Translating the Karmapas’ Works, Karma Guen, Aldea Alta 1 29700 Vélez-Málaga Spain Copyright © 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system or technologies now known or developed later, without permission in writing from the publisher. ITAS translation team Translation: Artur Przybysławski, with contributions from Vladislav Ermolin and Julian Schott Tibetan editing and transliteration: Julian Schott Annotation: Julian Schott, Artur Przybysławski and Vladislav Ermolin Introduction: Artur Przybysławski Editorial Work: Julian Schott Layout and Design: Hana Dovinová

Acknowledgements The ITAS team that has been working on this first translation would like to write a few words about those who have been helping, contributing and encouraging the project of “Translating the Karmapas’ Works”, for which this translation has been made. Thus we would like to acknowledge the team as a whole, since all members deserve to be thanked for their enthusiasm and effort in the same and equal way: Dorrit & Pedro Gomez, Choying Tendar, Dagmar Horňáková, Kamilla Éva Mojzes, Mirek Hrdina, Lajos Dömötor, Sergio Pestarino, Peter Gomez, Marlevis Robaina Rodríguez, Juan Pablo Bustos, Vladas Končius, Florian Fritz and all the Karma Guen residents and friends who have supported us so much. We thank Artur Przybysławski, Vladislav Ermolin and Julian Schott for preparing this book. In particular we thank Artur Przybysławski for drafting the translation and introduction, Vladislav Ermolin for his valuable contributions to the translation, and Julian Schott for preparing the edition used for the translation, his annotations and editorial work. We thank Paul Partington and Lucy Ralph for the English editing and Hana Dovinová for the design and typesetting. Especially we would like to thank Sherab Gyaltsen Rinpoche for having clarified several difficult and doubtful points with us, and all our Lamas for their inspiration and blessing. ITAS translation team, Karma Guen, Spain, July 2017.

Contents

Preface

Introduction

TRANSLATIONS:

Shamar Rinpoche Könchok Yenlak’s Calling the Lama from Afar

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye’s Calling the Lama from Afar

Annotations

112

Bibliography

Preface We are happy to present these first translations of two texts of great importance for the Karma Kagyü as a gift to mark the official start of “Translating the Karmapas’ Works”. This work is an abbreviated version of the first book1 of our translation series, the primary aim of which is to make these texts accessible in translation for the interested practitioner. The present work consists of two individual texts, which are both presented in the same way: an easy and comprehensible English version together with the Tibetan root text and its transcription, which also allows one to actually perform the text, i.e. to sing or recite it.2 These two translations are preceded by a brief general introduction to the role of the lama, which introduce some important aspects to be kept in mind while using the texts, rather than presenting some study or judgement. The translations are accompanied by endnotes, to provide some further material for those with more interest about the doctrinal or historical points of the works, while not disturbing the reading flow. By presenting the texts in this way, we hope to provide the proper means for those interested in making these supplications into a part of their practice (in the Guru Yoga part of the Ngöndro for instance), and also to provide information to enrich the reading experience of those texts for those wishing to study them on a basic level. We sincerely hope that this small work of ours may bring you in touch with the beautiful flavour, richness and depth of these texts and inspire you to go deeper into the study and practice of those texts. 9

Calling the lama from afar

Introduction "If you do not have a lama, you will not be liberated from samsara"3 Gampopa

The Role of the Lama in Tibetan Buddhism The importance of the lama in Tibetan Buddhism is reflected in the fact that very often he is described in terms of the three jewels: buddha, dharma and sangha. Namely, the mind of the lama is considered buddha – the state of complete recognition of the nature of mind, the lama’s speech is dharma, being taught orally as the Buddha used to teach, and the lama’s body is the best companion on the way to enlightenment, making him the perfect embodiment of the sangha. Thus Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye starts his text as follows:

Calling the lama from afar "[You who are of] The nature of the buddhas of the three times, The source of eminent dharma of scriptures and realization, Master of the assembly of exalted ones – the sangha, You, root lama, keep [me] in mind!"4

To express this notion in more philosophical terms, it is said that the lama’s mind is considered to be the dharmakāya, his speech the sambhogakāya, and his body the nirmāṇakāya. The very heart of Buddhism is thus represented by the lama. He is also called the essence of the buddhas of the three times, or the one who is “inseparable from all buddhas,” since it is only a lama who can give liberating teachings to a student who is simply not able or fortunate enough to meet the Buddha himself.5 This exalted position of the lama must have been obvious to the first European travelers who visited Tibet, who coined the term ‘Lamaism’ to describe the Tibetan Buddhism with which they had met. And even though this neologism (non-existent in Tibetan language) can be as misleading as “priestism” would be when referring to Christianity in Europe, it still captures the significance of the role of lama in Tibetan Buddhism. This role has been described using many examples like ferryman, guardian, guide, and doctor; each of them has stressed the indispensability of the lama who shows the way, provides help and protection on the path, and finally heals the samsaric mind from the affliction of ignorance. And even though the vast dharma as taught by the Buddha provides the medicine for all possible illnesses, it is the lama who actually passes on the appropriate medicine for healing the specific sickness and to whom the patient owes his cure. That is why, from the point of view of Buddhist practitioners, the lama has

Introduction

become equal to the historical Buddha, since he, as an embodiment of enlightenment, is the sole source of, and thus an indispensable factor for, attaining realization. When, for instance, Bengar Jampal Zangpo in his famous text Dorje Chang Tungma describes the essence of Buddhist practice in four points, the second point is lama:6 "As it is said that devotion is the head of meditation, A meditator constantly supplicates to the lama Who opens the gate to the treasury of essential instructions."7

Without the lama there is no proper access to the Buddha’s teachings, since it is only the lama who has practiced and realized the teachings – that he himself received from his or her own lama as part of an authentic transmission – that he is passing on. Without the lama, “the gate to the treasury of essential instructions” remains closed. Even though the teachings can be found abundantly in scriptures, and even if the appropriate ones might be chosen, to apply them is not possible without the lama, since to apply them presupposes actual experiences being passed on. Just as a sick person does not become a doctor by simply reading the proper medical books about his sickness without being instructed, educated and inspired by an experienced healer, just so one does not make oneself realize the nature of mind without the lama, who initiates the disciple into the genuine practice lineage. In short, there is no deep and true practice in Tibetan Buddhism without a lama. As Gampopa states in his Jewel Ornament of Liberation:

Calling the lama from afar "In order to attain perfect Buddhahood, we have to collect all accumulations gathered through primordial consciousness and merit and the method for collecting them depends on the spiritual teacher."8

In this quotation we come across the term gewe shenyen, which is used in many contexts as a synonym of lama, and very often translated as “spiritual friend”9. The English translation unfortunately does not capture the Tibetan term very precisely. The Tibetan term is a compound of she – “friend”, and nyen – “kinsman, relative, or somebody one shares a close bond with”. Thus the teacher is the one with whom the student has a very strong and unique relationship that encompasses both friendship and kinship. This extraordinary person is also somebody who is gewa – “a noble man” of virtue resulting from a lot of wholesome actions and practice. This is what gives him a higher level than the student and this is the literal meaning of the word lama, which means “the highest one”. A lama is somebody who is superior in terms of realization, and this is what makes him a being of higher rank, literally an ārya – “a noble man”.10 This higher position is the result of being able to clearly distinguish the two truths, which samsaric beings are unable to do, as is taught in Asaṅga’s Ornament on Great Vehicle Discourse: "One should serve a [spiritual] friend who is disciplined, tranquil, serene, outstanding in good qualities, energetic, rich in [knowledge of] scripture, awakened to reality, skilled in speech, compassionate, and indefatigable."11

Introduction

When Tibetans define lama – despite the literal meaning of the word, which is “the highest one” – they stress its Indian origin in Sanskrit which is guru (lit. ‘heavy one’), hereby indicating that the lama is somebody who is heavy in the sense of being endowed with kindness or more generally with qualities that the student will slowly take over while receiving and practicing the teachings given by the teacher. They also say that the term lama refers to both parents and teacher, and indeed Tibetan texts very often describe the relationship between students and their lama in terms of the bond between father and children; thus Shamar Könchok Yenlak in his text translated here invokes his root teacher as his father.12 In Tibetan texts, there are many descriptions of the lama and enumerations of the qualities that make him the highest teacher. To give just one example from this vast material, let us quote Tsangpa Gyare, who says the following:13 "With realization he liberated his own [mind-]stream, With compassion he liberated the [mind-]stream of others, Skillful in methods of interdependence, The relationship to him is meaningful to many."14

These four characteristics make up the lama, who is the teacher of the supreme, secret and inner thatness.15 These four qualities can be further summarized into the two most basic characteristics of the lama, which are compassion and realization (since the last two are included or rooted in the first two).

Calling the lama from afar

The Types of Lamas Buddhism developed quite an elaborate typology of spiritual teachers, which refer to the student’s level of advancement and way of practicing. Gampopa lists four types of spiritual teachers and gives the following explanation: “At the time of being a beginner, one is not able to attend buddhas and bodhisattvas dwelling on high levels, so one attends a spiritual teacher who is an ordinary being. If one is to a large extent purified from karmic veils, one is able to attend a spiritual teacher who is a bodhisattva dwelling on a high level. If one dwells finally on the great path of accumulation,16 one is able to attend a spiritual teacher as a buddha in the nirmāṇakāya form. If one dwells oneself on high levels, one is able to attend a spiritual teacher in the sambhogakāya form.”17

Gampopa stresses the crucial role of the ordinary teacher for the beginner who has not advanced enough to be able to approach other types of teachers at the beginning of his development: “Of these four, who is of great kindness to us? When we are beginners, who stay in the dark house of aﬄictions trying to attend superior spiritual teachers, we would not even see their faces. So, because of meeting a spiritual teacher who is an ordinary being, [only] after they show us the path with the torch of their teachings, will we meet superior spiritual teachers. Thus before that,

Introduction a spiritual teacher who is an ordinary being is of the greater kindness [for us].”18

However, the teacher in his ordinary human form should be approached as a buddha himself, since this attitude of the student makes him more receptive to the teachings and thus accelerates his development. The higher the student’s view of the teacher, the more he can be taught, so in the end this exalted vision of the teacher is treated as the best method for the sake of the student who aims to develop the experience of his teacher and finally recognize the nature of mind by becoming buddha himself. On the way to becoming a buddha, there are generally three stages that refer to three types of lama: the outer lama, the inner lama and the secret or ultimate lama. The first type refers to the process of learning based on the contact with an ‘outer lama’, who in this stage is simply a person giving the teaching as described by Gampopa above. While applying in meditation those teachings received from the lama, the student develops some inner experience and understanding of the received teachings and from that moment on this inner experience can slowly become a guiding light for his development. This experience is traditionally called the ‘inner lama’, and the ultimate recognition of the nature of mind resulting in awakening is called the ‘secret lama’. The levels of the ‘outer’ up to the ‘secret lama’ can be viewed as the process of bringing one’s inner potential to become a buddha (tathāgatagarbha) to perfection. In this way, meeting the outer lama is the first and necessary step to developing one’s own inner potential to finally becoming a buddha. Hence a proper relationship with one’s own lama is the very foundation for practice in Tibetan Buddhism.

Calling the lama from afar

This perspective sheds light on one of the most fundamental meditation instructions, which is as follows: “The most important thing is to meditate on the inseparability [with one’s] root lama.”19 By cultivating the bond with a teacher, one practices taking him as an example and a point of reference, which helps to achieve some inner experience (the inner lama) that one can trust in a similar way as one relies on the outer lama. The bond with the outer lama is based on devotion – mögü,20 which Bengar Jampal Zangpo calls the head of meditation practice.21 Devotion, according to the etymology of the Tibetan term, is understood to be a combination of two factors: möpa22 – “trust or confidence”, and güpa23 – “respect” or literally “relating to the Guru”. Calling the Lama from Afar is a type of text that focuses on devotion and is a kind of practical tool to enhance it. In this way it is the basis for a proper Buddhist practice that is built on the relationship with the teacher. Out of the three types of lamas, Calling the Lama from Afar is a supplication to the ‘outer lama’.24 Its aim is to trigger and intensify devotion towards him in order to be able to receive his blessing, making the practitioner finally able to achieve the state of recognition of his mind exemplified by his lama – or to put it in classical way, to merge the mind of the practitioner with the mind of his teacher and recognize their inseparability.25 Calling the lama from afar can be thus treated as an inherent part of the guru-yoga26 practice.

Introduction

The Texts Both of the texts translated here are entitled Lama gyangbö – Calling the Lama from Afar.27 This title is not the name of a specific text but rather a generic term denoting a part of the Tibetan literary heritage, or as Davidson puts it, “a durable genre in Tibetan literature”, since in every school of Tibetan Buddhism one can find a few texts with more or less elaborate titles containing the phrase “Calling the Lama from Afar”.28 In the Kagyü lineage in particular, there are at least three prominent texts of this kind known to us so far:

1. The Lama gyangbö written by the 5th Shamar Könchok Yenlak. 2. The Lama gyangbö kyi söldep mögu nyinggi zerdep written by the 1st Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye.

3. And the Ogyen rinpoche söldep lama gyangbö jinlap charbep written by the 1st Karma Chakme Rāga-asya.29 The inspiration for writing this kind of texts was usually the longing either for one’s lama during retreat or for one’s lama who had already passed away. Both texts are formally addressing the ‘outer lama’. Therefore both texts are of the type called söldeb pa – a “supplication” that is meant to be chanted or sung and which is easy to memorize.30 The content of the texts are of the type called damngak31 – “advice” or “instructions” for Buddhist practice.32 Thus Calling the Lama from Afar is both crucial advice for the practice and a practice in itself. The core of this practice is the attempt to intensify devotion for one’s lama in order to realize the ultimate meaning which he represents

Calling the lama from afar

for the practitioner. This attempt was carried out by the way of contemplating one’s own situation (saṃsāra) and contrasting it with the qualities of one’s lama through whom he can become liberated from that state (nirvāṇa). Again these kinds of texts serve as both invocations to (and honoring of) one’s own teacher (which may also include the holders of a particular transmission lineage of teachings), as well as reflections on the essential teachings with reference to the current situation of the practitioner.

Introduction

Summary and Outline of the Texts Shamar Könchog Yenlak’s text was most likely written in 1546 during his solitary retreat in Tsaritra. It was there that he mastered the famous Six Doctrines of Nāropa and composed a fundamental commentary on them. It is for this reason that the 5th Shamarpa’s Calling the Lama from Afar became associated with the Six Doctrines of Nāropa and can since then be found preceding this set of practices, which are prominent within the Kagyü lineage. The 5th Shamarpa’s Calling the Lama from Afar is addressed to the author’s root lama alone, namely the 8th Karmapa Mikyö Dorje.34 This witnesses the intimate bond between the two highly realized masters in the Kagyü school of Tibetan Buddhism – The Gyalwa Karmapas and Shamar Rinpoches – who have interchanged the teacher and student roles in their successive incarnations throughout history. The 5th Shamar begins his text with two verses of the invocation to his guru, who is given the rank of buddha, but who only plays the role of bodhisattva for his students in the age of degeneration. Over the next six verses, he considers his own situation in samsara, which is not different from that of all other sentient beings. Overpowered by ignorance, and unable to pay attention to dharma as a result of their distraction by worldly concerns and attachment to this life, they are unaware of impermanence, and head blindly towards death, missing this precious opportunity to practice. Once passing through the intermediate state after death, they will be driven by their accumulated karma into yet another samsaric rebirth. The next five verses are a bitter reconsideration of his own monastic practice, which turns out to be superficial and unsuccessful. In the typically Tibetan way, this high master of Tibetan Buddhism presents himself as the worst Buddhist

Calling the lama from afar

practitioner one can imagine, who only misuses the dharma and cheats both himself and others. This kind of attitude, which at first sight seems strange and artificial for the European reader, is in fact a means to work with pride – both one’s own and also the students’, who ought to take the teacher as an example. The last two verses express sorrow at the situation that has just been described, in which one’s root lama remains the only one that may be relied upon. The text deliberately intensifies and stresses negative aspects of samsaric life and unwholesome dharma practice to trigger more and more devotion to the lama – the final guarantee for liberation and enlightenment in Tibetan Buddhism. The text finishes with the most fundamental wish in Buddhist practice, namely that of being inseparable from the lama and attaining highest realization. Jamgön Kongtrul’s text addresses many lamas of different traditions, among which are also the so called “eight chariots of the practice lineages”35 of Tibetan Buddhism and is further exemplary to the nonsectarian movement – rime36 – which was started by the author and a few other influential lamas of the 19th century.37 The first part is an extensive supplication to the most prominent figures in the main schools of Tibetan Buddhism.38 The eight practice lineages are introduced by the aforementioned doctrinal points of the lama as being the sixfold refuge and the three bodies. These lineages are: first the Nyingma lineage (verses 6–8), in which both Kama and Terma traditions and the highest practices of Dzogchen are mentioned; second the Kadampa lineage, founded by Atiśa; the Marpa Kagyü (verses 10–12), together with the Dagpo Kagyü and their different major and minor branches (verse 12); fourth

Introduction

the Sakya lineage as the holder of the doctrine of “path and result” – lamdre; fifth the Shangpa Kagyü (verses 14–15); sixth the lineages of Shije and Chöd (verses 16–17); and seventh and eighth the lineages of “six-limbed yoga” (ṣaḍangayoga) and “approach and accomplishment of the three vajras”, which both refer to the practices of Kālacakra, which is presented in this text by its most prominent holders in Tibet, of the Jonang tradition (verses 18–19). The text continues with supplications to the great rime (non sectarian) masters and tertöns living in the 19th century: Chokgyur Lingpa (verses 20–22) and Jamyang Khyenste Wangpo (verses 23–26), before the author mentions himself (verses 27–30), as well as the famous Lama Tulku Orgen Rinpoche. From the 33rd verse onwards, Kongtrul continues with a presentation of our human condition and addresses the root lama in general, which may be seen as an introduction to the “second” and more “classical” part of the supplication as a whole. In this way the structure of this second part of the text resembles much more closely the supplication composed by Shamar Rinpoche. Almost every stanza of the supplication repeats the famous Tibetan imperative formula or invocation:39 “lama khyenno,”40 which literally means: “Lama, think” or “Lama, know” and in which phrase “we” are implied as the object of the lama’s thinking. This comes down to: “Lama, keep me in your mind” and actually expresses the wish: “Lama think of me, know me and know my mind and my situation: please give me your blessing”. Every invocation of the lama with this famous Tibetan formula is supplemented by the particular wish that is crucial for the practice and transformation of one’s mind in relation to the particular attributes of the addressed lamas. In this way, Jamgön Kongtrul covers most of the

Calling the lama from afar

essential points of the Buddhist practice, namely the nature of samsara, the precious human body, death and impermanence, karma, the main obstacles like pride, clinging, lack of mindfulness, lack of being honest with oneself, attachment and other disturbing emotions; then he stresses the principal factors for the practice, such as the relationship with the teacher, refuge, enlightened attitude, devotion, trust, mindfulness, diligence and determination in practicing dharma. In this way, this short text encompasses the history of Tibetan Buddhism. It addresses the main figures and functions as a kind of handbook of the Buddhist view and practice in the form of most meaningful wishes whose aim is to change the mind of the practitioner. Thus, despite the title that highlights the lama, the main focus of the text is not exclusively the teacher. Rather, the focus is the mind of the practitioner, because it is intended that the practitioner transform themselves by the very practice of “Calling the Lama from Afar”, which reveals the inner level of the practice. This transformation of an afflicted mind into a liberated and finally awakened mind (bodhicitta) is considered in Buddhism to be the greatest miracle and the best gift the student can offer to his lama. Zhangpa Tsöndrü Drakpa (Lama Zhang)41: "It’s taught that if you always apply yourself solely to devotion to the guru, resting in an uncontrived state of mind, and looking at the mind, this practice will cause the way things truly are to appear from within."42

Introduction

I. th

5 Shamar Rinpoche Könchok Yenlak ་དམར་ཐམས་ཅད་མན་པ་་ པས་མཛད་པ་་མ་ང་འབོད་ བགས་སོ།།

Calling the Lama from Afar composed by the fifth all-knowing red hat Lama

Shamar Rinpoche Könchok Yenlak

་མ།

kyé ma Alas! ཕ་་བན་་མ་ན་པོ་། །

pa jetsün lama rin poché Precious Lama, father43 and master,44 ད་སངས་ས་ན་དང་དར་ད་ང་། །

khyé sangyé kündang yer mékyang You are inseparable from all buddhas, ང་མོས་པ་་ལ་གས་བ་བས། །

deng möpé bula tuk tsewé Yet out of love to us45 – [your] devoted sons, འལ་ལ་ས་མག་་ལ་བང་ནས།

trel gyelsé chokgi tsül zung-né You have now taken on the way of the supreme son of the Victorious One,46 ལར་བསམ་ང་་བ་བས་མཛད་པ། །

lar sam-zhing kyewa zhé dzepé You who again willfully took rebirth once more, དཔལ་ཀ་པ་ས་ཡོངས་་གས། །

pal karma pazhé yong sudrak You are known everywhere as glorious Karmapa.47

Calling the lama from afar

་ད་་ན་བས་་དམན་ཡང་། །

jé khyekyi jinlab mi menyang Master, even though Your blessing48 does not decrease, ད་ན་མོངས་ག་པོས་ཡོངས་བང་ནས། །

gyü nyönmong drakpö yong zung-né Rough afflictions49 have taken over the [mind-]stream [of beings] completely. ལས་ནག་པོའི་ོད་པ་དར་བ་མས། །

lé nakpö chöpa dar wetü And thus, due50 to the spreading of karmically negative activity, ས་གས་མ་་བདོའི་མས་ཅན་མས། །

dü nyikma ngadö sem chennam Sentient beings in the time of the rampant five degenerations,51 འོག་ངན་སོང་གཡང་ས་་ནར་ང་། །

ok ngensong yang-sa kho nar-lhung Only fall, [as] from a cliff, into bad transmigration52, ཕ་གས་ས་ངས་ག་ཀ་པ། །

pa tukjé zung-shyik karmapa Father Karmapa embrace us with compassion! ལས་ར་ས་མས་ལ་དོན་མ་མས། །

lé ngarjé namla dön machi [My] deeds carried out before had no meaning;

Shamar Rinpoche Könchok Yenlak

ས་ར་ས་མས་ལ་ས་བད་འས། །

chö ngarjé namla chö gyedré Dharma [practice] carried out before was mixed with the eight [worldly] dharmas53, ལམ་ལ་མ་བ་པ་གག་མ་ན། །

lam nalma drubpa chik madren I do not remember even a single accomplishment of the genuine path, ད་ད་རང་ན་པ་་ས་ད། །

da khyerang minpa re samé Now, other than you, there is nobody to rely on. ཕ་གས་ས་ང་ག་ཀ་པ། །

pa tukjé zung-shyik karmapa Father Karmapa embrace us with compassion! ལར་གན་་ས་་བ་ནས་ད། །

lar shinjé kyebü gyab nedé Moreover, the Lord of Death54 is at [my] back, ས་ལོ་་ཞག་་མན་ནས་བ། །

dü loda shyakgi dün nésu There are [always less] years, months and days ahead, འལ་མ་གངས་་བས་བར་ནས་ད། །

tral namyeng jawé bar nedri [I was] deceived by incidental distractions in between,

Calling the lama from afar

་མ་ཚོ ར་བས་ག་ང་ན་འག །

dé matsor lüshik jung nyenduk Not noticing that, the danger of being deceived remains. ཕ་གས་ས་ང་ག་ཀ་པ། །

pa tukjé zung-shyik karmapa Father Karmapa embrace us with compassion! གཞོན་དབང་པོ་གསལ་་ས་པ་མས། །

shyön wangpo sal-tsé ji pesem In youth, [I had] sharp faculties but a childish mind, ས་དར་ལ་བབ་་ལ་བས་གངས། །

lü darla bab-tsé drel weyeng As an adult, [I] was distracted by worldly concerns, ད་ས་ང་འགས་པར་ར་པ་། །

da géshing khokpar gyur petsé Now that I have become old and decrepit, ས་གཤའ་མར་ན་ང་ས་ནས་སོང་། །

chö shamar dren-kyang chi nesong [I] think of the genuine dharma but it is already too late. ཕ་གས་ས་ང་ག་ཀ་པ། །

pa tukjé zung-shyik karmapa Father Karmapa embrace us with compassion!

Shamar Rinpoche Könchok Yenlak

རང་ོད་པར་འདོད་ང་ོད་དབང་ད། །

rang döpar dökyang dö wangmé I wish to stay [in this life] but have not the power to stay, ནོར་ར་བར་འདོད་ང་ར་་གབ། །

nor khyerwar dökyang khyer mitub I wish to retain wealth but am unable to retain [it], གས་འགས་པར་འདོད་ང་རང་གག་ར། །

drok drokpar dökyang rang chikpur I wish for the company of friends, but སང་འག་ན་ཕ་རོལ་འ་བར་ས། །

sang jikten parol dro war-ngé Tomorrow [I] will certainly cross over to the next life55 alone. ཕ་གས་ས་ང་ག་ཀ་པ། །

pa tukjé zung-shyik karmapa Father Karmapa embrace us with compassion! ་འ་་བག་ཆགས་འན་པ་མས། །

tsé diyi bakchak pen petü Overpowered by the karmic imprints56 of this life that drive [us], ལམ་བར་དོའི་འང་ལ་་འ་ཨང་། །

lam wardö trang-la chin dra-ang What is it like on the slippery [and] narrow path of the intermediate state?57

Calling the lama from afar

ད་མདང་མ་ཉལ་བ་་ལམ་བན། །

pé dang-sum nyalwé mi lam-shyin [It is] like in a dream while sleeping last night – ལར་རང་དབང་ཐོབ་པ་ན་་དཀའ། །

lar rang-wang tobpa shin tuka And similarly, it is very difficult to gain self-control. ཕ་གས་ས་ང་ག་ཀ་པ། །

pa tukjé zung-shyik karmapa Father Karmapa embrace us with compassion! ར་འར་བ་ས་ལ་ང་པོ་ད། །

chir khorwé chöla nying pomé In general, samsaric phenomena have no core, ས་་ག་ས་ལ་ང་པོ་ད། །

gö mitak lüla nying pomé In particular, the impermanent body has no essence. འ་ནམ་མཁར་ཤར་བ་འཇའ་ཚོན་འ། །

di nam-khar sharwé ja tsön-dra It is similar to a rainbow arising in the sky, ་བན་པར་བང་ཡང་ཡལ་ནས་འ །

dé denpar zung-yang yal nedro Though held to be true, it fades away.

Shamar Rinpoche Könchok Yenlak

ཕ་གས་ས་ང་ག་ཀ་པ། །

pa tukjé zung-shyik karmapa Father Karmapa embrace us with compassion! ཡར་སངས་ས་མས་ལ་དད་པ་ད། །

yar sangye namla de pamé No trust in the buddhas above, མར་མས་ཅན་མས་ལ་ང་་ང་། །

mar sem-chen namla nying jechung [and] little compassion for sentient beings below; ས་ར་ག་ན་ང་གགས་བན་ཙམ། །

gö ngurmik gyön-kyang zuk nyen-tsam Though [I] wear a monk’s robe, it is mere pretense, ་་ས་བཞར་ཡང་དོན་དས་ང་། །

tra pudri shyaryang dön göchung Though [I] shaved [my] hair with a razor,58 it has little meaning.59 ཕ་གས་ས་ང་ག་ཀ་པ། །

pa tukjé zung-shyik karmapa Father Karmapa embrace us with compassion! ས་ཐོས་པ་མང་ཡང་གནད་མ་ལ། །

chö töpa mang-yang né matrol Though [I] heard the dharma extensively, [I] did not get the point,

Calling the lama from afar

ཁ་བཤད་པ་་ཡང་ད་མ་ལ། །

kha shepa tseyang gyü madul Even when [I] explain [the dharma to others], it does not tame [my mind-]stream, གནས་་ད་འམ་ང་མ་ལ་ད། །

né ritrö drim-kyang khyim lasé Though [I] had gone into mountain retreat, [I] longed for home, ག་་ངས་ས་ང་ཉམས་ོང་ད། །

mik tatang jekyang nyam nyong-mé However [I] looked with [my] eyes,60 I had no experience [in meditation].61 ཕ་གས་ས་ང་ག་ཀ་པ། །

pa tukjé zung-shyik karmapa Father Karmapa embrace us with compassion! ་གཞན་་ན་འཚང་ང་་ག །

mi shyen-gyi kyön-tsang chung ngurik [I am] aware [even] of the smallest faults and mistakes of others, རང་ང་ནས་ལ་བ་་མ་ཚོ ར། །

rang khong-né rulwa yé matsor [But] do not notice the rot within myself at all.

Shamar Rinpoche Könchok Yenlak

་གཞན་་མ་བོ་བར་བར་ནས། །

mi shyen-gyi gowo kor korné Cheating others again and again, ག་རང་ས་ས་པ་མ་ལགས་སམ། །

duk rang-gi nyöpa ma laksam Am I not earning suffering myself? ཕ་གས་ས་ང་ག་ཀ་པ། །

pa tukjé zung-shyik karmapa Father Karmapa embrace us with compassion! ང་ལ་བ་གང་རབ་མ་ས་པ། །

khong gyalwé sung-rab ma lüpa Not reflecting upon whether all the teachings of he, མས་ད་ལ་་ཕན་་མས་པར། །

sem gyüla epen mi sempar The Victorious One, without exception, benefit the mind stream, ་གས་པ་བ་ར་ཐོས་བསམ་ས། །

khé drakpa drub-chir tö samjé [I] listened [to them] and reflected [upon them] in order to become famous, ་ཐར་པ་ལམ་་་འ་ཨང་། །

dé tarpé lamdu é dro-ang Is this really following the path of liberation?

Calling the lama from afar

ཕ་གས་ས་ང་ག་ཀ་པ། །

pa tukjé zung-shyik karmapa Father Karmapa embrace us with compassion! ད་ས་པ་ལ་ས་འག་ན་བབ། །

khyö chöpé tsul-gyi jik ten-drub Pretending to be a dharma practitioner, [I] attain [nothing but] worldly [aims]62, ལར་་བོ་ན་་མད་པ་ན། །

lar kyewo kün-gyi chö palen And furthermore [I] accept the offerings of people. ་ཡང་ངས་་བ་ངང་་བཏང་། །

tsé yang-yeng jawé ngang dutang [This] life [I] again spend with distractive activities, དགས་ཐོགས་ར་འ་ས་་འ་ཨང་། །

uk tokger drodü chin dra-ang How will it be when taking the last breath? ཕ་གས་ས་ང་ག་ཀ་པ། །

pa tukjé zung-shyik karmapa Father Karmapa embrace us with compassion! བདག་་ད་་བ་གང་ནས་ས། །

dak delé kyowa ting nekyé That is why I am deeply sad.

Shamar Rinpoche Könchok Yenlak

ཡར་སངས་ས་མས་ལ་གསོལ་བ་འབས། །

yar sangye namla sol wadeb I supplicate to the buddhas above. ར་གས་མ་ས་་མས་ཅན་དང་། །

chir nyikmé dü kyi sem chendang In general, sentient beings in these times of degeneration63, ས་ས་པ་ལ་ཅན་བདག་སོགས་ལ། །

gö chöpé tsul-chen dak sokla In particular, we and others who seem to practice dharma. ཕ་གས་ས་ང་ག་ཀ་པ། །

pa tukjé zung-shyik karmapa Father Karmapa embrace us with compassion! ་ང་ལ་་ས་གཞན་ན་ད། །

bung la resa shyen namé I – your son – have no one else to rely upon, ་ལ་་ད་ག་ད་རང་ས། །

ja dral-gyi kyiduk khye rang-shé You know the joys and sufferings of freedom from action.64 དངས་ཟག་ད་བ་ན་ཕོ་ ང་ན། །

ying zakmé dechen po drang-na In the palace of unstained expanse65 and great bliss,

Calling the lama from afar

མན་ད་དང་དར་ད་རོ་གག་ཤོག །

gön khyedang yermé ro chik-shok Let me [abide] in inseparability from you, the Guardian, and in one taste!

ས་དཔལ་་་་ན་ན་ག་་་དམར་དན་མག་ཡན་ལག་ས་མཛད་པའོ།། །།

Composed by Shamar Könchok Yenlak in the precious cave of the glorious Tsāritra.66

Shamar Rinpoche Kรถnchok Yenlak

II. st

1 Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye ༄༅།།་མ་ང་འབོད་་གསོལ་ འབས་མོས་ས་ང་་གར་ འབས་ས་་བ་བགས་སོ།།

Calling the Lama from Afar The Supplication, Intensifying devotion [from the depth] of the heart 67

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

ན་མོ་་་། ་མ་ང་འབོད་ན་ལ་གས་འང་། ན་བབས་བལ་བ་གནད་ ་ཤས་དང་ས་འང་ས་བལ་བ་མོས་ས་ཁ་ཙམ་ག་ཙམ་མ་ན་པར་ང་་

དལ། ས་པ་གང་ནས་བད། ་མ་ལས་ག་པ་སངས་ས་གཞན་ན་ད་པར་ ཐག་ད་པ་ས་ས་དང་ན་པས་དངས་་ན་པོས།།

Namo Guruve68 – I pay homage to the Teachers; “Calling the Lama from Afar” is very famous to all, but what is important for requesting blessing is to give birth, from the depth of one’s heart and not only with empty words – from the marrow of the bones – to devotion based on weariness [with samsara] and renunciation. Having absolute certainty that there is no other buddha who is superior to the lama, with a delicate melody [one sings as follows]:

The Lama as Three Jewels69 1) ་མ་མན་ནོ། ན་ཅན་་བ་་མ་མན་ནོ།།

lama khyenno drin-chen tsawé lama khyenno Lama keep [us] in mind! Kind70 root lama keep [us] in mind! ས་གམ་སངས་ས་་་བོ།།

düsum san-gye kyi ngowo [You who are of] the nature of the buddhas of the three times, ང་ོགས་དམ་ས་་འང་གནས།།

lung-tok dam-chö kyi jung-né The source of excellent dharma of scriptures and realization,71

Calling the lama from afar

འཕགས་ཚོགས་ད་འན་་མངའ་བདག།

pak-tsok gendün gyi ngadak Master72 of the assembly of the noble ones73 – the sangha, ་བ་་མ་ད་མན་ནོ།།

tsawé lama khyé khyenno You, root lama keep [us] in mind!74 The Lama as Three Roots 2) ན་བས་གས་་་གར་ན།།

jinlab tukjé yi ter-chen [You who are] the great treasury of compassionate blessing, དས་བ་མ་གས་་འང་གནས།།

ngödrub nam-nyi kyi jungné The source of the two accomplishments [of siddhis],75 ན་ལས་་འདོད་ན་ོལ་མཛོད།།

nalé chidö kün tsol-dzö The activity fulfilling whatever [one] wishes, ་བ་་མ་ད་མན་ནོ།།

tsawé lama khyé khyenno You, root lama keep [us] in mind!76

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

The Lama as the Three Kāyas (3–5) 3) ་མ་འོད་དཔག་ད་པ་མན་ནོ།།

lama Öpa mepa khyenno Lama Amitābha77 keep [us] in mind!78 ོས་ལ་ས་་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

trödral chökü long-né zik-shik From within the dharmakāya, which is free from elaboration79 behold [us]! བདག་སོགས་ལས་ངན་འར་བར་འམས་མས།།

daksok lengen khorwar khyamnam Please guide us, who wander in samsara [due to our] negative actions, བ་ན་དག་པ་ང་་ོངས་མཛོད།།

dechen dakpé shying-du drong-dzö To the pure land of great bliss! 4) ་མ་ན་རས་གགས་དབང་མན་ནོ།།

lama chenre zigwang khyenno Lama, mighty Avalokiteśvara80 keep [us] in mind! འོད་གསལ་ལོངས་་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

ösal long-kü long-né zik-shik From within the expanse of the sambhogakāya, which is clear light,

Calling the lama from afar

གས་ག་ག་བལ་ད་ནས་་ང་།།

rik-druk duk-ngal tsené shyi-shying Pacify the suffering of the six classes of beings81 from the very root. ཁམས་གམ་འར་བ་དོང་ནས་གས་མཛོད།།

khamsum khorwa dong-né truk-dzö Please shake up82 the samsara of three realms83 from the bottom! 5) ་མ་པb་འང་གནས་མན་ནོ།།

lama pema jung-né khyenno Lama Padmākara84 keep [us] in mind! ་ཡབ་པb་འོད་ནས་གགས་ག།

ngayab pema öné zik-shik From Cāmara85 – [Palace of] Lotus Light86 – behold [us]! གས་ས་བས་ད་བོད་འབངས་ཉམ་ཐག།

nyikdü kyabmé böbang nyamtak In these degenerate times87 with [your] compassion quickly protect གས་ས་ར་བ་ད་་བས་མཛོད།།

tukjé nyurwa nyidu kyob-dzö The poor people of Tibet lacking protection!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

The Nyingma Lineage (6–8) 6) ་མ་་ས་མཚོ་ལ་མན་ནོ།།

lama yeshe tsogyal khyenno Lama Yeshe Tsogyal88 keep [us] in mind! མཁའ་ོད་བ་ན་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

khachö dechen drong-né zik-shik From the Ḍākiṇī89 City of great joy behold [us]! ག་ན་བདག་སོགས་ད་པ་མཚོ་ལས།།

dikden daksok sipé tsolé Please free us who have negative [karma] from the ocean of conditioned existence, ཐར་པ་ང་ར་ན་པོར་ལ་མཛོད།།

tarpé drong-khyer chenpor drol-dzö Into the great city of liberation! 7) བཀའ་གར་བད་པ་་མ་མན་ནོ།།

kater gyüpé lama khyenno Lamas of the lineages of oral teachings and termas90 keep [us] in mind! ང་འག་་ས་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

zung-juk yeshe longné zik-shik From within the primordial consciousness of unity91 behold [us]!

Calling the lama from afar

བདག་ད་འལ་པ་ན་ཁང་བོལ་ནས།།

dak-gyü trulpé mün-khang tolné Break through the dark dungeon of of illusions [overwhelming] our [mind-]streams, ོགས་པ་་མ་ཤར་བར་མཛོད་ག།

tokpé nyima sharwar dzöchik Make the sun of realization rise! 8) ན་མན་་ད་འོད་ར་མན་ནོ།།

kün-khyen drimé özer khyenno All-knowing Drime Özer92 keep [us] in mind! ན་བ་འོད་་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

lhün-drub öngé long-né zik-shik From within the five lights of spontaneous presence93 behold [us]! ཀ་དག་དངས་པ་ལ་ན་ོ གས་ནས།།

kadak gong-pé tsal-chen dzokné Bring to perfection the great power of the principle of the primordial purity94 and ང་བ་མཐའ་་ན་པར་མཛོད་ག།

nang-shyi taru chinpar dzöchik Make [us] reach the culmination of the four visions95!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

The Kadampa Lineage 9) མཉམ་ད་་བོ་ ཡབ་ས་མན་ནོ།།

nyammé jowo yabsé khyenno Unequalled father Atiśa96 [together with your] sons97 keep [us] in mind! དགའ་ན་་བ་དས་ནས་གགས་ག།

ganden lhagyé üné zik-shik From amidst the one hundred gods in Tuṣita98 behold [us]! ོང་ད་ང་་ང་པོ་ཅན་།།

tong-nyi nying-jé nying-po chen-gyi Make the bodhicitta that has the essence of emptiness and compassion, ང་མས་ད་ལ་་བར་མཛོད་ག།

chang-sem gyüla kyewar dzöchik Be born in [our mind-]streams! The Marpa Kagyü (10–11) 10) བ་མག་མར་་གས་གམ་མན་ནོ།།

drub-chok marmi daksum khyenno Supreme siddhas Marpa,99 Mila,100 Gampopa,101 keep [us] in mind! བ་ན་ོ་་དངས་ནས་གགས་ག།

dechen dorjé ying-né zik-shik From the vajra-sphere102 of great joy behold [us]!

Calling the lama from afar

བ་ོང་ག་ན་མག་དས་བ་ང་།།

detong chak-chen chok-ngö drub-ching Make [us attain] the supreme accomplishment of mahāmudrā – joy and emptiness [inseparable]103, ས་་ང་དས་སད་པར་མཛོད་ག།

chöku nyingü separ dzöchik And make the dharmakāya awaken within [our] heart! 11 ) འག་ན་དབང་ག་ཀ་པ་མན་ནོ།།

jikten wang-chuk karmapa khyenno Bodhisattva of Compassion,104 Karmapa105 keep [us] in mind! མཁའ་བ་འ་འལ་དངས་ནས་གགས་ག།

kha-khyab drodul ying-né zik-shik From the expanse where you tame beings as limitless as space, behold us! ས་ན་བན་ད་་མར་ོགས་ནས།།

chökün denmé gyumar tokné Make appearances and mind rise as the three kāyas106, ང་མས་་གམ་འཆར་བར་མཛོད་ག།

nang-sem kusum charwar dzöchik After realizing that all phenomena are illusions devoid of reality!107

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

The Dagpo Kagyü subschools 12) བཀའ་བད་་བ་ང་བད་མན་ནོ།།

kagyü cheshyi chung-gyé khyenno [Masters] of the four major Kagyü lineages108 and the eight minor ones109 keep [us] in mind! རང་ང་དག་པ་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

rang-nang dakpé shying-né zik-shik From the self-manifested pure land behold [us]! གནས་བས་བ་་འལ་པ་སངས་ནས།།

nekab shyiyi trulpa sang-né After purifying the illusion of four states110, ཉམས་ོགས་མཐའ་་ན་པར་མཛོད་ག།

nyamtok taru chinpar dzöchik Bring [our] experience and realization to the peak! The Sakya Lineage 13) ་བན་ང་མ་མ་་མན་ནོ།།

jetsün gong-ma nam-nga khyenno Five masters, [Sakya] forefathers,111 keep [us] in mind! འར་འདས་དར་ད་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

khordé yermé long-né zik-shik From within samsara and nirvana inseparable behold [us]!

Calling the lama from afar

མ་དག་་མ་ོད་གམ་འལ་ནས།།

namdak tagom chösum drelné Make [us] – combining completely pure view, meditation and conduct112 – གསང་བ་ལམ་མག་བད་པར་མཛོད་ག།

sang-wé lamchok dröpar dzöchik Progress on the supreme secret path! The Shangpa Kagyü (14–15) 14) མཉམ་ད་ཤངས་པ་བཀའ་བད་མན་ནོ།།

nyammé shang-pa kagyü khyenno [Lamas of the] Unequalled Shangpa Kagyu113 keep [us] in mind! མ་དག་སངས་ས་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

namdak sangye shying-né zik-shik From the field of the completely pure Buddha realm behold [us]! ཐབས་ལ་ཉམས་ན་ལ་བན་འོངས་ནས།།

tab-drol nyamlen tsul-shyin jong-né Make [us] – after perfecting the practice of means and liberation properly – ་ོབ་ང་འག་བས་པར་མཛོད་ག།

milob zung-juk nyepar dzöchik Discover the unity114 [of the state] of no-more-learning!115

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

15) བ་ན་ཐང་ོང་ལ་པོ་མན་ནོ།།

drub-chen tang-tong gyalpo khyenno Mahāsiddha Thangtong Gyalpo116 keep [us] in mind! ོལ་ད་གས་ས་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

tsolmé tukjé long-né zik-shik From within effortless compassion117 behold [us]! བན་ད་ོགས་པ་བལ་གས་བ་ནས།།

denmé tokpé tul-shyuk drubné Make [us] – after accomplishing the yogic discipline118 that is realization of [things as] devoid of reality119, ང་མས་རང་དབང་འ་བར་མཛོད་ག།

lung-sem rang-wang duwar dzöchik Master freely the winds [of energies]120 and mind! Lineage of Shije and Chöd (16–17) 16) ཕ་གག་དམ་པ་སངས་ས་མན་ནོ།།

pachik dampa san-gye khyenno The only father Dampa Sangye121 keep [us] in mind! ལས་རབ་བ་པ་དངས་ནས་གགས་ག།

lerab drubpé ying-né zik-shik From the expanse of accomplishing perfect action122 behold [us]!

Calling the lama from afar

བད་པ་ན་བས་ང་ལ་གས་ནས།།

gyüpé jinlab nying-la shyukné After the blessing of the lineage enters [our] heart, ན་འལ་ོགས་ད་འཆར་བར་མཛོད་ག།

ten-drel chokmé charwar dzöchik Make the auspicious signs arise unbiased!123 17) མ་གག་ལབ་་ན་མ་མན་ནོ།།

machik labkyi drönma khyenno The only mother [Machik] Labdrön124 keep [us] in mind! ས་རབ་ཕར་ན་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

sherab parchin long-né zik-shik From within [the state of] Prajñāpāramitā125 behold [us]! བདག་འན་མས་ད་ད་ནས་ད་ང་།།

dak-dzin nyemjé tsené chöching Cut the confused grasping for a self from its root126 and བདག་ད་ོས་ལ་བན་མཐོང་མཛོད་ག།

dakmé trödral den-tong dzöchik Make [us] see the truth of non-elaborated selflessness!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

Jonang Lineage (18–19) 18) ན་མན་དོལ་པོ་སངས་ས་མན་ནོ།།

kün-khyen dolpo sangye khyenno All-knowing Buddha from Dolpo127 keep [us] in mind! མ་ན་མག་ན་དངས་ནས་གགས་ག།

namkün chokden ying-né zik-shik From the expanse endowed with excellence of all aspects128 behold [us]! འཕོ་བ་དགས་མས་ད་མར་འགགས་ནས།།

powé uknam umar gakné Make [us] – after the movements of winds129 cease within the central channel, འཕོ་ ལ་ོ་་་ཐོབ་མཛོད་ག།

podral dorjé kutob dzöchik Attain the diamond body free from movement! 19) ་བན་་ར་ན་ཐ་མན་ནོ།།

jetsün tāra nata khyenno Master Tāranātha130 keep [us] in mind! མ་གམ་ཕོ་ཉ་དངས་ནས་གགས་ག།

namsum ponyé ying-né zik-shik From the expanse of three kinds of messengers131 behold [us]!

Calling the lama from afar

ོ་་གསང་ལམ་གས་ད་བད་ནས།།

dorjé sang-lam gekmé dröné Make [us] – after traversing the secret diamond path unhindered, འཇའ་ས་མཁའ་ོད་འབ་པར་མཛོད་ག།

jalü khachö drubpar dzöchik Attain the celestial132 rainbow body! Chokgyur Lingpa133 (20–22) 20) གར་ན་མག་ར་ང་པ་མན་ནོ།།

terchen chok-gyur ling-pa khyenno Great Tertön Chokgyur Lingpa134 keep [us] in mind! ན་བ་ས་་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

kün-khyab chökü long-né zik-shik From within the all-pervading dharmakāya behold [us]! གས་ོག་་ད་ངང་ལ་མ་ནས།།

nyitok kyemé ngang la timné Make [us] – after dualistic conceptualization135 has dissolved into the unborn state – རང་ག་རང་ས་ན་པར་མཛོག་ག།

rang-rik rang-sa zinpar dzok-chik Obtain self-awareness136 from within!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

21) ་ན་བ་ན་ང་པ་མན་ནོ།།

orgyen dechen ling-pa khyenno Orgyen Dechen Lingpa137 keep [us] in mind! རང་གསལ་ལོངས་་དངས་ནས་གགས་ག།

rang-sal longkü ying-né zik-shik From within the expanse of self-luminous sambhogakāya behold [us]! ་་་ས་ན་བ་ན་པོ།།

kunga yeshe lhün-drub chenpo Make the great spontaneous primordial consciousness of the five kāyas, ངས་ཐོབ་ད་པར་མན་ར་མཛོད་ག།

pang-tob mepar ngön-gyur dzöchik Manifest without anything to be abandoned or adopted!138 22) བ་གདལ་ག་པོ་ང་པ་མན་ནོ།།

khyabdal shyikpo ling-pa khyenno All-pervading Zhigpo Lingpa139 keep [us] in mind! འ་འལ་གས་་ངང་ནས་གགས་ག།

drodul tukjé ngang-né zik-shik From within the state of compassion taming beings, behold [us]!

Calling the lama from afar

མས་་ན་ན་རང་ལ་ད་།།

sem-kyi rin-chen rang-la nyedé After having discovered the great jewel of mind140 within ourselves, འས་་ག་ལ་ོ གས་པར་མཛོད་ག།

drebu shyila dzokpar dzöchik Make the result perfect within the ground!141 Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo (23–26) 23) མས་དཔའ་པb་་་མན་ནོ།།

sempa pemé nyugu khyenno Sempa Peme Nyugu142 keep [us] in mind! ་འལ་ྭ་བ་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

gyutrul drawé long-né zik-shik From within the miraculous net143 behold [us]! ་ས་ལ་པོ་་བ་དབང་ག།

yeshe gyalpo kushyi wang-chuk Make [us] inseparable from the king of primordial consciousness – མག་དང་དར་ད་ད་་མཛོད་ག།

chokdang yermé nyidu dzöchik The supreme lord of the four kāyas!144

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

24) འཇམ་དངས་མན་བ་དབང་པོ་མན་ནོ།།

jamyang khyen-tsé wang-po khyenno Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo145 keep [us] in mind! མན་གས་་ས་དངས་ནས་གགས་ག།

khyen-nyi yeshe ying-né zik-shik From the expanse of primordial consciousness of the two knowledges,146 behold [us]! ་ས་ོ་ ་ན་པ་སངས་ནས།།

mishé loyi münpa sang-né Make [us] – after purifying the uncognized darkness of the mind – མན་རབ་ང་བ་ས་པར་མཛོད་ག།

khyenrab nang-wa gyepar dzöchik Spread the light of perfect knowledge!147 25) འོད་གསལ་ལ་པ་ོ་་མན་ནོ།།

ösal trulpé dorje khyenno Ösal Trulpe Dorje148 keep [us] in mind! འཇའ་ར་འོད་་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

jazer öngé long-né zik-shik From within the five [coloured] light rays of the rainbow behold [us]!

Calling the lama from afar

ག་ང་མས་་་མ་དག་ནས།།

tiklung sem-kyi drima dakné Make [us] – after purifying the stains of drops, winds and mind – གཞོན་་མ་ར་ང་བ་མཛོད་ག།

shyönnu bumkur chang-chub dzöchik Awaken the youthful vase body!149 26) པb་མདོ་གས་ང་པ་མན་ནོ།།

pema dongak ling-pa khyenno Padma Donngak Lingpa150 keep [us] in mind! བ་ོང་འར་ད་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

detong gyurmé long-né zik-shik From within the changeless realm of bliss and emptiness behold [us]! ལ་དང་ལ་ས་དངས་པ་མཐའ་དག།

gyaldang gyalsé gong-pa tadak Make [us] able to fulfill completely, བདག་ས་ཡོངས་་ང་ས་མཛོད་ག།

dakgi yongsu kong-nü dzöchik All the intentions of the Victorious One and his sons!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

Jamgön Kongtrul (27–30) 27) ངག་དབང་ཡོན་ཏན་་མཚོ་མན་ནོ།།

ngawang yönten gyatso khyenno Ngakwang Yönten Gyatso keep [us] in mind! དངས་་ང་འག་ང་ནས་གགས་ག།

ying-yé zung-juk long-né zik-shik From within the unity151 of expanse and primordial consciousness behold [us]! ང་བ་བན་འན་ལ་ས་ག་ནས།།

nang-wé den-dzin hrul-gyi shyikné Make [us] – after tearing apart the [wrong] conceptions about any truth of appearances – གང་ང་ལམ་་འར་ས་མཛོད་ག།

gang-jung lamdu khyernü dzöchik Able to use for the path whatever appears!152 28) ལ་ས་ོ་ས་མཐའ་ཡས་མན་ནོ།

gyalsé lodrö tayé khyenno Son of the Victorious Ones Lodrö Thaye keep [us] in mind! མས་དང་ང་་ངང་ནས་གགས་ག།

jamdang nying-jé ngang-né zik-shik From the state of love and compassion behold [us]!

Calling the lama from afar

འ་ན་ན་ཅན་ཕ་མར་ས་ནས།།

drokün drin-chen pamar shené Make [us] able – after recognizing all beings to be [our] loving parents – གཞན་ཕན་ང་ནས་བ་ས་མཛོད་ག།

shyenpen nying-né drubnü dzöchik To sincerely accomplish the benefit of others! 29) པb་གར་་དབང་ག་མན་ནོ།།

pema gargyi wang-chuk khyenno Pema Gargyi Wangchuk keep [us] in mind! བ་ན་འོད་གསལ་དངས་ནས་གགས་ག།

dechen ösal ying-né zik-shik From the expanse of great joy which is clear light behold [us]! ག་་་ས་་་ལ་ནས།།

duk-nga yeshe ngaru drolné Make [us] – after the five poisons are liberated [by transformation] into the five primordial consciousness153 – ང་ཐོབ་གས་འན་ག་པར་མཛོད་ག།

pang-tob nyidzin shyikpar dzöchik Destroy the clinging to both that which is to be abandoned and attained!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

30) བན་གས་གང་ང་ང་པ་མན་ནོ།།

ten-nyi yung-drung ling-pa khyenno Tennyi Yungdrung Lingpa154 keep [us] in mind! ད་་མཉམ་ད་དངས་ནས་གགས་ག།

sishyi nyam-nyi ying-né zik-shik From the expanse of equality of samsara and nirvana behold [us]! མོས་ས་ལ་མ་ད་ལ་ས་ནས།།

mögü nalma gyüla kyéné After genuine devotion has been born in [our mind-]stream, ོགས་ལ་ས་མཉམ་ན་པོར་མཛོད་ག།

tok-drol dünyam chenpor dzöchik Make [us experience] the great simultaneity of realization and liberation! Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche 31) བ་ས་ཀ་་ན་མན་ནོ།།

drubsé karma ogyen khyenno Karma Orgyen,155 the son of siddhas, keep [us] in mind! ག་ོང་་ས་དངས་ནས་གགས་ག།

riktong yeshe ying-né zik-shik From within the expanse of primordial consciousness being awareness-emptiness behold [us]!

Calling the lama from afar

དངས་བད་ལས་ཅན་་ལ་འཕོ་བས།།

gong-gyü lechen bula powé Make [us] – after receiving the direct transmission as the child of good karma –156 ོགས་པ་ལ་ས་ན་པར་མཛོད་ག།

tokpé gyalsa zinpar dzöchik Reach the kingdom of realization! The Root Lama 32) ན་ཅན་་བ་་མ་མན་ནོ།།

drin-chen tsawé lama khyenno Kind root lama keep [us] in mind! ་གག་བ་ན་གནས་ནས་གགས་ག།

chitsuk dechen nené zik-shik From the seat of great joy at the crown of my head157 behold [us]! རང་ག་ས་་རང་ཞལ་མཇལ་ནས།།

rangrik chökü rang-shyal jalné Make [us] able – after discovering that self-awareness is the very nature of the dharmakāya – ་ག་སངས་ས་འབ་ས་མཛོད་ག།

tsechik sangye drubnü dzöchik To attain the state of a buddha in this very life!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

༈ ་མ།།

kyema Alas! 33) བདག་འ་མས་ཅན་ལས་ངན་ག་ཏོ་ཅན།།

dakdré sem-chen lengen dik tochen Sentient beings like me – evildoers with bad karma, ཐོག་ད་ས་ནས་འར་བར་ན་ང་འམས།།

tokmé düné khorwar yün ring-khyam Wandered from beginningless time for so long in samsara, ད་ང་ག་བལ་མཐའ་ད་ོང་འར་བས།།

dadung duk-ngel tamé nyong gyurwé And still experiencing limitless suffering, ་ཤས་ད་ག་ཙམ་ཡང་མ་ས་པས།།

kyoshé kechik tsamyang ma kyepé Do not feel regret even for an instant, hence ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us in mind]! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! ས་འང་གང་ནས་་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

ngejung ting-né kyewar jin gyilop Bless [us] to give birth to renunciation from the depth [of our hearts]!

Calling the lama from afar

34) དལ་འོར་ཐོབ་ང་་་ོང་ཟད་མཁན།།

denjor top-kyang mitsé tong zekhen Even though [we] obtained freedoms and advantages,158 [we] squander [this] human life, དོན་ད་་འར་་བས་ག་་གང་།།

dönmé tsedir jawé tak tuyeng We are constantly distracted with meaningless affairs of this life, དོན་ན་ཐར་པ་བ་ལ་་ལོས་ར།།

dön-chen tarpa drupla lé lökhyer And when it comes to the great goal of attaining liberation, [we] are driven away by laziness, ནོར་་ང་ནས་ལག་ོང་ལོག་ར་པས།།

norbü ling-né laktong lok gyurpé From the island of jewels [we] will come empty-handed, hence ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! ་ས་དོན་ན་འབ་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

milü dönden druppar jin gyilop Bless [us] so [that our] human body becomes meaningful!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

35) མ་་ས་ང་ས་པ་གག་ང་ད།།

mashi sateng lüpa chik kyang-mé There is no one on the earth that will not die, ད་་གག་་གས་མད་ཕ་རོལ་འ།།

data chikjé nyitü pa röl-dro Right now, one after the other goes to the other side, རང་ཡང་ར་བ་ད་་འ་དས་ང་།།

rang-yang nyurwa nyidu chi gökyang Even though [we] also have to die soon, ན་ང་ོད་བས་ད་པ་ང་ལ་པོ།།

yünring dödrap jepé nying rülpo We stupidly prepare to stay for a long [time], ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! ལོང་ད་ོ་་ང་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

long-mé lona tung-war jin gyilop Bless [us] when the time is short to reduce [our far-reaching] plans!

Calling the lama from afar

36) ང་་ག་པ་མཛའ་བས་སོ་སོར་འལ།།

nying-du dukpé dzashé so sor-drel [We] will be separated from every friend who pleases our hearts, ར་ས་བསག་པ་ནོར་ས་གཞན་ས་ོད།།

serné sakpé nor-dzé zhen gyichö Others will use the wealth [we] collected greedily, གས་པ་ས་ང་ལ་་བོར་ནས་།།

chepé lükyang shüldu bor nésu After leaving behind even [our] cherished body, མ་ས་བར་དོ་གཏོལ་ད་འར་བར་འམས།།

nam-shé bardo tölmé khor war-khyam [Our] consciousness will wander in the intermediate states of samsara [with an] uncertain [future], ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! ས་ང་དས་ད་ོགས་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

chikyang gömé tokpar jin gyilop Bless us so [we] realize that [we] do not need anything!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

37) འག་པ་ན་པ་ནག་པོས་ན་ནས་བ།།

jikpé münpa nakpö ngön nesu Ahead, frightful black darkness is welcoming [us], ལས་་ང་དམར་ག་པོས་བ་ནས་ད།།

lekyi lung-mar drakpö gyap nedé From behind, the rough, strong wind of karma is chasing [us], ་ག་གན་་ཕོ་ཉས་བག་ང་བཙོ ག།

miduk shinjé ponyé dek ching-tsok Disgusting messengers of the Lord of Death are going to strike and hit [us], བཟོད་དཀའ་ངན་འའི་ག་བལ་ོང་དས་ན།།

zöka ngen-drö duk-ngel nyong göna We [will] have to experience the suffering of lower rebirths difficult to bear, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! ངན་སོང་གཡང་ལས་ཐར་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

ngensong yang-lé tarwar jin gyilop Bless [us] so we will be liberated from the abyss of bad rebirths!

Calling the lama from afar

38) རང་ན་་བོ་ཙམ་ཡང་ང་་ས།།

rang-kyön ribo tsamyang khong dubé [Our] own faults [we] hide within though they are like a mountain, གཞན་ན་ལ་འ་ཙམ་ཡང་ག་ང་ོད།།

zhen-kyön tin-dru tsamyang drok ching-mö The faults of others [we] announce and condemn even though they are like a sesame seed, ཡོན་ཏན་ང་ཟད་ད་ང་བཟང་པོར་ོམ།།

yönten chung-zé mekyang zang porlom Even though we lack the smallest qualities, we [proudly] boast of [our] excellence, ས་པ་ང་བཏགས་ས་ན་་ནར་ོད།།

chöpé ming-tak chömin kho nar-chö [We] call ourselves dharma practitioners, [but] behave completely non-dharmically, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! རང་འདོད་ང་ལ་་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

rang-dö ngagyel zhiwar jin gyilop Bless [us] to pacify selfishness and egocentrism!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

39) གཏན་ང་བདག་འན་འང་པོ་ ང་་བག།

tenpung dan-dzin gong-po khong duchuk [We] cherish the demon of self-identification,159 which is always ruining us, བསམ་ཚད་ཐམས་ཅད་ན་མོངས་འལ་བ་།།

sam-tsé tam-ché nyönmong pel wegyu Every thought [of ours] is the cause for afflictions to increase, ས་ཚད་ཐམས་ཅད་་ད་འས་་ཅན།

jetsé tam-ché migé dré buchen Every deed [of ours] has a negative effect, ཐར་པ་ལམ་་ོགས་ཙམ་མ་ན་པས།།

tarpé lamdu chok-tsam ma chinpé We did not even turn towards the path of liberation, hence ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! ངར་འན་ད་ནས་ད་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

ngar-dzin tsené chöpar jin gyilop Bless [us] to cut self-grasping at the root!

Calling the lama from afar

40) བོད་ད་ཙམ་ལ་དགའ་དང་་དགའ་།།

tömé tsamla gadang mi gakyé A little praise pleases [us] and a little blame displeases, ག་ངན་ཙམ་ལ་བཟོད་པ་་ཆ་ཤོར།།

tsik-ngen tsamla zöpé go chashor A few harsh words make [us] lose the armor of patience, ཉམ་ཐག་མཐོང་ཡང་ང་་མས་་།།

nyamtak tong-yang nying-jé sem mikyé Even though [we] see pitiable [people], it does not trigger compassion in [our] mind, ན་ལ་ང་ས་ར་་མད་པས་བངས།།

jinyül jung-dü serné dü peching When there is an occasion to be generous, [we are] tied up with stinginess, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! མས་ད་ས་དང་འས་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

sem-gyü chödang drépar jin gyilop Bless [us] so [our] mind-stream is mixed with the dharma!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

41) འར་བ་ང་པོ་ད་ལ་ང་པོ་བང་།།

khorwa nying-po mela nying pozung Samsara has no core but [we] hold [it] to have a core, ོ་ས་ར་་གཏན་འན་ང་ས་བོར།།

togö chirdu tendün ling gibor For the sake of food and clothing [we] abandon lasting goals completely, མ་་ཚང་ཡང་དས་དས་ར་ར་མང་།།

khogu tsang-yang gögö chir chirmang Even though [we] have everything [we] need, [we] go on needing more and more, ་བན་་མ་ས་ས་རང་མས་བས།།

miden gyumé chökyi rang semlü Untrue illusory phenomena deceive [our] mind, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! ་འ་ོ་ ས་ཐོང་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

tsedi loyi tong-war jin gyilop Bless [us] to abandon this [worldly] life through understanding!

Calling the lama from afar

42) ས་མས་ག་བལ་་མོའང་་བཟོད་ང་།།

lüsem duk-ngel tramo-ang mi zökyang Even though [we] can not bear the smallest suffering of body and mind, ངན་འར་འ་ལ་་འར་ང་ོས་ཅན།།

ngen-dror drola mitser nying döchen [We], uncaring, do not even try to avoid going into bad rebirths, ་འས་བ་ད་མན་མ་མཐོང་བན་།།

gyudré lumé ngönsum tong zhindu Seeing directly that the law of cause and effect is infallible, ད་བ་་བ་ག་པ་ཡོ་ལང་འལ།།

gewa midrup dikpé yo lang-pel [We still] do not accomplish virtue, [but just] increase a mass of negativity, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! ལས་ལ་ད་ས་་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

lela yiché kyewar jin gyilop Bless [us] to start trusting karma!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

43) ད་ལ་ང་མས་གན་ལ་ཆགས་མས་།།

drala dang-sem nyenla chak sem-kyé With the attitude of anger toward enemies and attachment to kinsmen, ང་དོར་གནས་ལ་ག་ག་ན་ར་འཐོམ།།

lang-dor nela timuk mün tartom Like in the darkness [we] are stupefied with ignorance concerning what to accept and what to reject, ས་བན་ོད་་ང་གས་གད་དབང་ཤོར།།

chözhin chötsé jing-muk nyi wang-shor When behaving according to the dharma, [we] are overpowered by drowsiness, dullness and sleepiness, ས་ན་ོད་་དབང་པོ་གསལ་ང་ང་།།

chömin chötsé wang-po sel ching-drung When behaving according to non-dharma, [our] faculties are clear and clever, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! ན་མོངས་ད་བོ་མ་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

nyönmong drawo chompar jin gyilop Bless [us] to defeat defeat the enemies – afflictions!

Calling the lama from afar

44) ་ནས་བས་ན་ཡང་དག་ས་པ་གགས།།

chiné tena yang-dak chö pezuk Looking from the outside, [we] appear to be a real dharma practitioner, ནང་་རང་མས་ས་དང་མ་འས་པས།།

nang-du rang-sem chödang ma drepé [But] inwardly [our] own mind was not mingled with the dharma, thus ལ་གག་བན་་ན་མོངས་ང་ན་ས།།

drülduk zhindu nyönmong khong nabé Within [we] concealed [our] afflictions as poisonous snakes, ན་དང་འད་་ས་པ་མཚང་གས་ོན།།

kyendang tretsé chöpé tsang taktön [And] on [certain] occasions [we] expose [the] inner faults of [other] practitioners, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! རང་ད་རང་ས་ལ་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

rang-gyü rang-gi tülwar jin gyilop Bless [us] to tame [our] own [mind-]stream!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

45) རང་ན་ངན་པ་རང་ས་མ་ོགས་པས།།

rang-kyön ngenpa rang-gi ma tokpé Since we do not realize [our] own ugly mistakes, ས་པ་གགས་བང་ས་ན་་ཚོགས་ོད།།

chöpé zukzung chömin na tsok-chö [We] perform various non-dharmic [deeds, despite] having taken the appearance of a dharma practitioner, ན་མོངས་་ད་ལས་ལ་གས་ས་མས།།

nyönmong migé lela shuk kyigom [We] strongly get accustomed to negative afflicted actions, ད་ོ་ ཡང་ཡང་ས་ང་ཡང་ཡང་ཆད།།

gelo yang-yang kyekyang yang yang-ché Even though virtuous attitudes came up again and again, they were suppressed again and again, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! རང་ན་རང་ས་མཐོང་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

rang-kyön rang-gi tong-war jin gyilop Bless [us] to see our own mistakes!

Calling the lama from afar

46) ཞག་་སོང་བན་འ་ལ་ཕར་ཕར་།།

zhakré song-zhin chila par par-nyé With every day passing we are closer and closer to death, ན་་ལོན་བན་རང་ད་ར་ར་ང་།།

nyinré lön-zhin rang-gyü chir chir-gyong With every day coming [our] own [mind-]stream is more and more stiff, ་མ་བན་བན་མོས་ས་མ་ས་འབ།།

lama ten-zhin mögü rim gyidrip While following a lama, [our] devotion gradually fades, མད་ལ་བ་གང་དག་ང་་ང་སོང་།།

chela tsedung daknang jé chung-song [Our] love [and] pure perception of friends get smaller and smaller, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! ་ད་རང་ད་ལ་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

mugö rang-gyü tülwar jin gyilop Bless [us] to tame the unruly [behavior of our mind-]streams!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

47) བས་འ་མས་བད་གསོལ་འབས་ས་ན་ཡང་།།

kyam-dro sem-kyé söldep jé nayang Even though [we] take refuge, develop bodhicitta, and make supplications, མོས་ས་ང་་གང་ནས་མ་ས་པས།།

mögü nying-jé ting-né ma kyepé Devotion [and] compassion are not born from within, thus ག་ཙམ་དབང་ར་ས་ོད་ད་ོ ར་མས།།

tsik-tsam wang-gyur chöchö gé jornam [Our] dharma practice [and] virtuous behavior amount to words only, ས་ལོ་ཙམ་ལས་ད་ཐོག་མ་ལ་བས།།

jelo tsamlé gyütok ma khelwé Inconsequential, these mere deeds never influenced [our mind-]stream, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! ་ས་ས་་འ་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

chijé chösu drowar jin gyilop Bless [us] so that whatever [we] do becomes dharma [practice]!

Calling the lama from afar

48) བདག་བ་འདོད་ལས་ག་བལ་ཐམས་ཅད་འང་།།

dakdé dölé duk-ngel tam chejung Even though it is said that all suffering comes from wanting happiness for oneself, གཞན་ཕན་མས་ས་སངས་ས་འབ་གངས་ང་།།

zhenpen sem-kyi sang-gyé drup sung-kyang [And] buddhahood [is attained] through thinking of the benefit of others, མས་མག་བད་ང་རང་འདོད་ག་་བག།

sem-chok kyeching rang-dö puk tuchuk [We] generate highest bodhicitta and hide selfish wanting inside, གཞན་ཕན་་་གཞན་གནོད་ཞོར་ལ་བ།།

zhenpen tachi zhennö zhor ladrup Far from benefiting others, [we] even manage to harm others, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! བདག་གཞན་བ་བར་ས་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

dak-zhen jewar nüpar jin gyilop Bless [us] to be able to exchange ourselves for others!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

49) སངས་ས་དས་ང་་མ་་་བང་།།

sang-gyé ngönang lama mi ruzung The lama who is truly a manifestation of the Buddha, [we] take to be [an ordinary] human, གདམས་ཟབ་ོན་པ་བཀའ་ན་ངང་ས་བད།།

damzap tönpé kadrin ngang gijé We easily forget the kindness with which he was granting [us] the profound instructions, རང་འདོད་མ་ང་་ན་་ཆད་བམས།།

rang-dö majung tséna yi chégom When our wishes are not fulfilled, [we] are upset, མཛད་ོད་མས་ལ་་ཚོ མ་ལོག་ས་བ།།

dzechö namla tetsom lok tedrip The deeds [of the lama we] obscure with [our] doubts [and] wrong views, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! མོས་ས་འབ་ད་འལ་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

mögü dripmé pelwar jin gyilop Bless [us] to increase unfading devotion!

Calling the lama from afar

50) རང་མས་སངས་ས་ན་ང་་མ་ས།།

rang-sem sang-gyé yin-kyang ngo mashé Even though [our] own mind is buddha, we do not know it, མ་ོག་ས་་ན་ང་དོན་མ་ོགས།།

namtok chöku yin-kyang dön matok Even though conceptualization is the dharmakāya, [we] do not realize that essential [point], མ་བས་གག་མ་ན་ང་ང་མ་ས།།

machö nyukma yin-kyang kyong manü Even though the unaltered state is natural,160 [we] are not able to maintain [it], རང་བབས་གནས་གས་ན་ང་ད་མ་ས།།

rang-bap neluk yin-kyang yi maché Even though [a mind] settled by itself [abides in] the natural state, we do not have trust [in this], ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! རང་ག་རང་སར་ལ་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

rang-rik rang-sar drölwar jin gyilop Bless [us] so that self-awareness is liberated from within!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

51) ཡོང་ས་འ་བ་ང་ནས་ན་མ་བ།།

yong-ngé chiwa nying-né dren matup [We] cannot remember from [the depth of our] heart that death comes for sure, ཕན་ས་དམ་ས་ལ་བན་བ་མ་ས།།

pen-ngé dam-chö tsül-zhin drup manü [We] are not able to truly realize the surely benefiting and real dharma, བན་ས་ལས་འས་ང་ད ོ ར་ལ་བན་ད།། den-ngé ledré lang-dor tsül zhinmé The law of karma is certainly true [but we] do not accept and reject accordingly, དས་ས་ན་ས་མ་བན་གང་བས་ར།།

göngé dren-shé maten yeng wekhyer Since [we] do not rely on mindfulness and awareness, which are necessary, [we] are carried away by distraction, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! ངས་ད་ན་པས་ན་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

yeng-mé drenpé zinpar jin gyilop Bless [us], so that undistracted mindfulness holds [our minds]!

Calling the lama from afar

52) ན་ལས་ངན་པས་གས་་ས་མཐར་ས།།

ngönlé ngenpé nyikmi dü tar-kyé Due to our prior negative karma [we] were born at the end of [this] degenerate time, ར་ས་ཐམས་ཅད་ག་བལ་་་སོང་།།

ngarjé tam-ché duk-ngel gyu rusong All prior deeds have become the cause for suffering, གས་ངན་མས་ས་ག་པ་བ་མས་གཡོགས།།

drok-ngen nam-kyi dikpé drip meyok Bad friends cast the shadow of negative deeds [on us], དོན་ད་ང་མོས་ད་ོ ར་གང་བས་ར།།

dönmé ling-mö gejor yeng wekhyer [We are] distracted from virtuous behavior by senseless chatter, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! ས་ལ་ང་ས་ས་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

chöla nying-rü nüpar jin gyilop Bless [us] so [we] are able to be relentless in the dharma!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

53) དང་པོ་བསམ་་ས་ལས་ད་པ་ལ།།

dang-po sam-gyu chölé mé pala At the beginning [we] thought about nothing but dharma, ཐ་མ་བ་འས་འར་བ་ངན་སོང་།།

tama drup-dré khorwa ngen song-gyu At the end the results of [our] achievements are causes of samsara and bad rebirths, ཐར་པ་ལོ་ ཏོག་་ད་སད་ས་བམ།།

tarpé lotok migé sé kyichom The harvest of liberation is destroyed by the frost of non-virtue, གཏན་འན་ས་པ་་ད་བདག་འ་མས།།

tendün nyepé mugö dak dranam Barbarians like us ruined absolute aspirations, ་མ་མན་ནོ་གས་ས་ར་་གགས།།

lama khyenno tukjé nyur duzik Lama keep [us] in mind! Behold [us] swift ly with compassion! དམ་ས་མཐའ་་ན་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

damchö taru chinpar jin gyilop Bless [us] to bring real dharma to completion!

Calling the lama from afar

54) ་ཤས་གང་ནས་་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

kyoshé ting-né kyewar jin gyilop Bless [us] so that disgust [with samsara] arises from within! ལོང་ད་ོ་་ང་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

long-mé lona tung-war jin gyilop Bless [us] to reduce our plans quickly! འ་བ་ང་ནས་ན་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

chiwa nying-né drenpar jin gyilop Bless [us] to remember about death deep in [our] heart! ལས་ལ་ད་ས་་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

lela yiché kyewar jin gyilop Bless [us] to start trusting karma! ལམ་ལ་བར་ཆད་ད་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

lamla war-ché mepar jin gyilop Bless [us] so that there are no obstacles on the path! བ་ལ་ོན་འས་ས་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

drupla tsön-drü nüpar jin gyilop Bless [us] to be able to exert ourselves to achieve [realization]! ན་ངན་ལམ་་ལོང་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

kyen-ngen lamdu long-par jin gyilop Bless [us] to incorporate bad conditions into the path!

Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye

གན་པོ་རང་གས་བ་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

nyenpo rang-tsuk tuppar jin gyilop Bless [us] so the antidotes are effective by themselves! བས་ན་མོས་ས་་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

chömin mögü kyewar jin gyilop Bless [us] to give birth to unfabricated devotion! གནས་ག་རང་ཞལ་འཇལ་བར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

neluk rang-zhel jelwar jin gyilop Bless [us] to meet the absolute face to face! རང་ག་ང་དས་སད་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

rang-rik nyingü separ jin gyilop Bless [us] so that self-awareness is awakened from within the depth of [our] heart! འལ་ང་ག་་ད་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

trülnang zhitsa chöpar jin gyilop Bless [us] to cut the basis of illusionary manifestations from the root! ་ག་སངས་ས་འབ་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

tsechik sang-gyé druppar jin gyilop Bless [us] to attain buddhahood in one life! གསོལ་བ་འབས་སོ་་མ་ན་པོ་།།

sölwa depso lama rin poché [We] supplicate [you], precious lama!

Calling the lama from afar

གང་བས་འབོད་དོ་ན་ཅན་ས་་།།

dungwé bödo drin-chen chö kyijé [We] call [you] with longing, kind lord of dharma! ལ་ད་བདག་ལ་་ས་ད་ལས་ད།།

kelmé dakla resa khyé lemé For [we] who are unfortunate there is nobody else to rely on, གས་ད་དར་ད་འས་པར་ན་ས་ོབས།།

tukyi yermé drépar jin gyilop Bless [us] so your mind and ours mix inseparably!

ལ་འར་མོས་ན་ད་ོང་འགའ་ག་ས་ར་སོར་ནས་བལ་ཡང་མ་ས་་ར་

པ་་ཆར་གས་ན་ས་མཛད་མ་བསམ་འབ་ན་མ་དང་་བ་ར་ཏ་ང་ས་བལ་

ར་གས་ས་་མ་གགས་བན་འན་པ་ོ་ས་མཐའ་ཡས་ས་ོ ང་ཤོད་བ་ གགས་འས་པ་བ་གནས་ན་པོར་བས་པ་ད་གས་འལ།། །།

Concerning the above [text], a few devoted monks asked for it before, but I postponed it for a long time. Recently Samdrub Drönma, a female dharma practitioner of [the noble bodhisattva] family with Dewa Rakṣita asked [me for it]. For them, the one who pretends to be a lama in these degenerate times, [I,] Lodrö Thaye, wrote it in the great place of accomplishment of Dzongshö161 where the Sugatas are gathered. May it be virtuous!

Jamgรถn Kongtrul Lodrรถ Thaye

Calling the lama from afar

Annotations 1. The edition being produced for our translations consists of the following versions: dKon mchog yan lag gyi bla ma rgyang ’bod: gdams ngag rin po che’i mdzod by ’Jam mgon kong sprul blo gros mtha’ yas. Vol. 9 (ta). pp. 123–124. Folios 9a1 to 9b7. New Delhi: Shechen Publications. 1999; chos drug bla ma ’gyang ’bod zhwa dmar dkon mchog yan lag gis mdzad pa la In: Nā ro chos drug gi khrid skor. Delhi: Karlo. 1985, pp. 11–14; bla ma rgyang ’bod In: dpal lugs nā ro’i sgrub sde’i rgyun khyer byin rlabs ’dod dgu ’byung ba’i sprin phung bzhugs so. Bodhgaya: Palpung Sungrab Patrun Khang. 2010, pp. 321–325; bla ma rgyang ’bod In: bla ma rgyang ’bod. Calling Guru from Afar. Kathmandu: Kagyu Institute of Buddhist Studies. 2014, pp. 94–123. ’Jam mgon kong sprul kyi bla ma rgyang ’bod: Calling the Guru from Afar. A Supplication to Pierce Your Heart With Devotion by Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye. Kathmandu: Ka-Nying Shedrub Ling Monastery & Rangjung Yeshe Translations & Publications; Calling the Gurus from Afar. A Supplication to Pierce Your Heart with Devotion by Jamgön Kongtrul Rinpoche the Great. Lhasey Lotsawa Translations & Publications. Chokgyur Lingpa Foundation. 2011; Padma Chos rgyal (ed.) “Bla ma rgyang ’bod kyi gsol debs mos gyus snying gis gzer ’debs.” In: dKar rnying gi skyes chen du ma’i phyag rdzogs kyi gdams ngag gnad bsdus nyer mkho rin po che’i gter mdzod/ rTsibs ri’i par ma/, p 311–332, Vol 27. TBRC W20749. 31 vols. Darjeeling: Kargyu sungrab nyamso khang, 1978–1985. (http://tbrc.org/link?RID=W20749); Another version of the bla ma rgyang ’bod kyi gsol ’debs mos gus snying gi gzer ’debs is available under: http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Calling_the_Guru_from_Afar; the origin of this text is unknown. We used a typed version kindly given by friends in France, Dagpo Kagyü Ling.

Annotations

2. The instructions on how to sing the text and according to which we have organised the phonetic rendering of the Tibetan were given orally by Sherab Gyaltsen Rinpoche. 3. “bla na med na srid mthar min” Gampopa 1999: 27. 4. See first stanza of Kongtrul’s Calling the Lama. 5. See first stanza of Shamarpa’s Calling the Lama. 6. Bengar Jampal Zangpo (Tib. ban sgar ’ jam dpal bzang po, 15th century) was the student of the 6th Karmapa Tongwa Dönden (Tib. mthong ba don ldan, 1416–1453). After twelve years of intensive meditation training he became a master of mahāmudrā and finally became the teacher of the 7th Karmapa Chödrak Gyatso (Tib. chos grags rgya mtsho, 1454–1506). 7. “mos gus sgom gyi mgo bor gsungs pa bzhin/ man ngag gter sgo ’byed pa’i bla ma la/ rgyun du gsol ba ’debs pa’i sgom chen la”. Jampal Zangpo’s Dorje Chang Tungma: vol. 9 (ta):, p. 119. 8. “bdag can rdzogs pa’i sangs rgyas thob par byed pa la bsod nams dang ye shes kyis bsdus pa’i tshogs thams cad gsog dgos shing/ de gsog pa’i thabs dge ba’i bshes gnyen la rag las pa’i phyir dang” Gampopa 1999: p. 25. 9. Tib. dge ba’i bshes gnyen, Skt. kalyāṇamitra, Nobel 1950 s.v. lit. “beneficial, noble or virtuous friend”. This term may also refer to the Buddha himself, or any spiritual guide or companion of any kind. MW: s.v. kalyāṇa. 10. Tib. ’phags pa. 11. cf. Thurman 2004: 224.; “mitraṃ śrayeddāntaśamopaśāntaṃ guṇādhikaṃ sodyamamāgamāḍhyaṃ | prabud- dhatatvaṃ vacasābhyupetaṃ kṛpātmakaṃ khedavivarjitaṃ ca ||“ These are the main qualities of a spiritual teacher stressed by Asaṅga’s Mahāyānasūtralaṃkāra XVII.9 and its commentary (bhāṣya) by Vasubandhu. Note that this is mentioned together with scholarly accomplishment and the ability to teach. 12. The term Lama is equal to gongma (Tib. gong ma), which means “superior or one who is above” and “preceding or elder,” which in fact refers to both: teachers and parents.

Calling the lama from afar

13. Tsangpa Gyare (Tib. gtsang pa rgya ras ye shes rdo rje, 1161–1211) was a student of Lingrepa Pema Dorje (Tib. gling ras pa pad+ma rdo rje, 1128–1188) and one of the founding fathers of Drukpa Kagyü. 14. “rtogs pas bdag rgyud grol ba/ thugs rje gzhan rgyud grol ba / rten ’brel thabs la mkhas pa / ’brel tshad don dang ldan pa ste”. Tsünpa Gendün Rinchen 2008: p. 143. 15. Tib. mchog gsang nang gi de nyid ston pa. 16. The path of accumulation (Skt. saṃbharamārga, Tib. tshogs lam, which actually is short for puṇyajñānasaṃbhāra: the accumulation of merit and insight) in the Mahāyāna is the first one of the so-called five paths a bodhisattva traverses on the way to enlightenment. The practice on this path has mainly to do with accumulating merit enabling one to enter higher paths, which are as follows: the path of joining (Skt. prayogamārga, Tib. sbyor lam), the path of seeing (Skt. darśanamārga, Tib. mthong lam), the path of meditation (Skt. bhāvanāmārga, Tib. sgom lam) and the path of no more learning (Skt. aśaikṣamārga, Tib. mi slob lam). The path of accumulation has three stages: lesser, intermediate and great. The latter is meant in this quote. 17. “rang las dang po pa’i dus su sangs rgyas dang sa chen po la gnas pa’i byang chub sems dpa’ rnams la bsten pa’i nus pa med pas/ dge ba’i bshes gnyen so so’i skye bo la bsten pa’o/ /rang las kyi sgrib pa phal cher dag tsa na/ dge ba’i bshes gnyen sa chen po la gnas pa’i byang chub sems dpa’ la bsten par nus pa’o/ /rang tshogs lam chen po yan chad la gnas tsa na/ dge ba’i bshes gnyen sangs rgyas sprul pa’i sku la bsten par nus pa’o/ /rang sa chen po la gnas tsa na/ dge ba’i bshes gnyen longs spyod rdzogs pa’i sku la bsten par nus pa’o//” Gampopa 1999: p. 27–28. 18. de ltar bzhi las rang la drin gang che na/ bdag cag dang po las dang nyon mongs pa’i mun khang na ’dug pa’i tshe/ dge ba’i bshes gnyen gong ma rnams bsten pa bas/ zhal mthong ba tsam yang med pa las/ dge ba’i bshes gnyen so so’i skye bo dang mjal bas/ de’i gsung gi sgron mes lam snang bar byas nas/ dge ba’i bshes gnyen gong ma rnams dang mjal bar ’gyur te/ des na nangs gi drin che ba ni dge ba’i bshes gnyen so so’i skye bo yin no//” Gampopa 1999: 28.

Annotations

19. “gtso bo rtsa ba’i bla ma dbyer med bsgom” Kongtrul 2008: 37. 20. Tib. mos gus. 21. Jampal Zangpo’s Dorje Chang Tungma: vol. 9 (ta):, p. 119. 22. Tib. mos pa, Skt. adhimukti or adhimokṣa cf. Mvy 1929. 23. Tib. gus pa, Skt. gaurava cf. Nobel 1950 s.v. 24. Tib. gsol ’debs pa. 25. On blessing. See n6. 26. Tib. bla ma’i rnal ’byor, lit. “union, connection or unification with the lama”, as the practice in which the meditator, through bringing to mind or recalling the lama, receives his blessing and by that also the blessing of the lineage. The term *guru-yoga is a back-translation into Sanskrit and to our knowledge not attested in primary Indian literature. 27. Tib. bla ma rgyang ’bod. 28. cf. Davidson 2005: 50. 29. The first two texts listed here are those translated by us in the present work. The last one, the Ogyen rinpoche söldep lama gyangbö jinlap charbep (Tib. o rgyan rin po che’i gsol ’debs bla ma rgyang ’bod byin rlabs char ’bebs) is written by Karma Chakme rāga-asya (Tib. karma chags med rā ga a sya, 1608–1678), the first of the Karma Chakme incarnation lineage and founder of the Nedo Kagyü (Tib. gnas mdo bka’ brgyud), a sub-school of the Karma Kagyü. 30. Tib. gsol ’debs pa. 31. Tib. gdams ngag, Skt. upadeśa. 32. “The Tibetan terms gdams ngag (Skt. upadeśa) and man ngag (Skt. āmnāya, but sometimes also upadeśa) refer broadly to speech and writing that offer directives for practice, whether in the general conduct of life or in some specialized field such as medicine, astronomy, politics, yoga or meditation. In any of these areas, they may refer to ’esoteric’ instructions, i.e., advice not usually found in theoretical textbooks but derived from the hands-on

Calling the lama from afar

experience of skilled practitioners, and thus intended primarily for those who are actually engaged in the practice of the discipline concerned. Man ngag often seems to connote a higher degree of esotericism than does gdams ngag, particularly where both terms are employed together contrastively, and despite their essential synonymity.” Matthew Kapstein, “gDams ngag: Tibetan Technologies of the Self”, in: Cabezón, Jackson 1996: 275. 33. See n66. 34. Tib. mi bskyod rdo rje (1507–1554). 35. Tib. sgrub brgyud shing rta brgyad. 36. Tib. ris med. 37. See ’Jam mgon Kong sprul and the Nonsectarian Movement”, Smith 2006: 1–54. 38. Perhaps it is significant to mention that the lamas and lineages – apart from those that are Kagyü – being invoked are primarily related to the Nyingma. 39. Tib. ’bod pa. 40. Tib. bla ma mkhyen no. 41. Tib. zhang g.yu brag pa brtson ’grus grags pa 1123–1193, Zhang Tsöndrü Drakpa 2011: 45. 42. “de ltar bla ma la mos gus bskyed cing sems ma bcos ba’i ngang du glod cing sems la lta ba de kho na la bungs skor du bya zhing nyams su blang pas | yin lugs zhig nang nas ’char bar gda’ gsungs pas” Roberts 2011: 45. 43. In Buddhist literature one finds references in which the buddha(s) and bodhisattvas are referred to as the Buddha and his sons, or occasionally also as father and brothers. The Gaṇḍavyūhasūtra (GRETIL) for instance reads: sarvabuddha pitarastavāsamā bodhisattva tava sarvi bhrātaraḥ | bodhiaṅga tava sarvi jñātayaḥ tvaṃ sujātu sugatāna orasaḥ || “All the buddhas are your unequalled fathers and the bodhisattvas are your brothers [...].” Another example – among others – would be the introductory verse of the Bodhicaryāvatāra (GRETIL): sugatān sasutān sadharmakāyān,

Annotations

praṇipatyādarato’khilāṃś ca vandyān | sugatātmajasaṃvarāvatāraṃ, kathayiṣyāmi yathāgamaṃ samāsāt || “Having bowed down to the wellgone (the Buddha) together with his offspring, which are endowed with the Dharmakāya and everybody being worthy of respect [...].” Prajñākaramati in his Bodhicaryāvatārapañjikā (GRETIL) explains that the offspring refers to the bodhisattvas. 44. Translation for Skt. bhaṭṭāraka cf. Mvy. 7057; lit. “a great lord or any venerable person,” cf. MW. 45. The alternative translation with deng (nowadays): “Yet, now out of love to [your] devoted sons.” 46. Traditional rendering for designating the bodhisattvas, translation of Skt. jinaputra cf. Mvy. 629; lit. “Son of the conqueror”. 47. Here the author is referring to his own root teacher the 8th Karmapa Mikyö Dorje. 48. byin rlabs: translation for Skt. adhiṣṭhāna cf. Mvy. 4264, is often translated within the Buddhist context as “blessing” or “inspiration.” The literal translation of the full Tibetan expression “byin gyis rlabs” would be “changing by [spiritual] power” or “influencing by [spiritual] power”. The following entries taken from the BGT may further elucidate this difficult term. The definition given here is the following: “the force or the power that makes [you] stay with whatever is the meaning of the dharma of the path of Āryas” cf. p. 1885: ’phags pa’i lam chos kyi don gang yin pa la gnas pa’i nus pa’am mthu. Further the BGT defines rlob pa as: rlob pa (brlabs pa, brlab pa, rlobs) – gnang ba dang sgyur ba | byin gyis rlob pa | stobs shugs kyis brlabs par ’gyur ba. “rlob - to give, confer and to change, transform; thus: byin gyis rlob pa – getting changed by the power”. Dag yig gsar bsgrigs: rlobs – gzhan du bsgyur ba sogs kyi don yin zhing | rgyun du byin gyis zhes pa dang ’brel nas ’ jug pa khyab che. “rlobs – has a meaning such as changing to something else. Usually, when connected with byin gyis, it [means] to influence greatly”. Another – perhaps related – meaning, also reflecting the more ancient usage of the correct Sanskrit term and which, though not very closely connected to our context, might give yet more flavour to the word as related to architecture,

Calling the lama from afar

is found in Mvy 5591, where the term is rendered as lan kan gyi rten ma, which would be “a support for an enclosure, fence or coping.” 49. Translation for Skt. kleśa lit. “[moral and spiritual] defi lements or afflictions.” This term is widely used to describe the basic disturbances and defi lements to be purified in order to become awakened, as it is for instance explained in Sthiramati’s Triṃśikavijñaptibhāṣya (ed. Buescher 2007: 1.): nyon mongs pa rnams ni thar pa ’thob pa la sgrib pas de’i phyir de dag spangs na thar pa ’thob par ’gyur ro || “The defilements are the obstacle to the attainment of liberation; therefore, liberation is obtained when these are abandoned.” The Kleśasaṃkleśa Section of the Yogācārabhūmi (ed. Ahn 2003: 57.) further explains: nyon mongs pa rnams kyi ngo bo nyid gang zhe na | chos gang skye ba na bdag nyid kyang rab tu ma zhi ba’i mtshan nyid du skye la | de skyes pas ’du byed kyi rgyud kyang rab tu ma zhi ba kho nar ’ jug pa ste | nyon mongs pa’i ngo bo nyid ni de kho nar zad par rig par bya’o || “What now is the nature of the defi lements? It is when a momentary element, when it comes into being and on the one hand is not reassured and on the other hand, due to its not being reassured yet, influences other factors as well. This is in brief, you should know, the nature of defi lements.” (translation acc. Ahn 2003: 159.) The term afflictions is accordingly chosen, since it denotes something that causes pain or suffering and thus explains the negative feeling carried through in the next verses. 50. The alternative translation with tshe (time): “At the time of spreading of karmically negative activity”. 51. Tib. snyigs ma lnga lit. “five dregs or degenerations”, translation of Skt. pañcakaṣāya. These are the five characteristics of degenerations in the kaliyuga – the dark age, i.e. the present time. They are as follows: “degeneration of views” Tib. lta ba’i snyigs ma, Skt. dṛṣhṭikaṣāya; “degeneration of afflictions” Tib. nyon mongs pa’i snyigs ma, Skt. kleśakaṣāya; “degeneration of sentient beings” Tib. sems can gyi snyigs ma, Skt. sattvakaṣāya; “degeneration of life” Tib. tshe’i snyigs ma, Skt. āyuḥkaṣāya; and the “degeneration of time” Tib. dus kyi snyigs ma, Skt. kalpakaṣāya. cf. Mvy. 2335–2340. See also: BHSD s.v.

Annotations

52. Bad transmigration, Skt. durgati, cf. Mvy. 4746 s.v. ngan ’gro; See also: TSD s.v. ngan song refers actually to rebirth in the hell-realms and is listed as the destination (paryāya) of hell beings (naraka). 53. Tib. ’ jig rten gyi chos brgyad translation of Skt. aṣhṭau lokadharmāḥ, cf. Mvy. 2341–2348. Those explain the eight attitudes of the the activities that sustain the samsaric mind, which lead to rebirth in cyclic existence (saṃsāra). Generally these may also be called: “the eight conditions of the world.” They are grouped into four pairs of opposites. Those are: “obtaining and not obtaining” Tib. rnyed pa and ma rnyed pa, Skt. lābha and alābha; “pleasure and pain”, Tib. bde ba and sdug bsngal, Skt. sukha and duḥkha; “praise and blame” Tib. bstod pa and smad pa, Skt. praśaṃsā and nindā; and “fame and infamy” Tib. snyan pa and mi snyan pa, Skt. yaśas and ayaśas. See also: BHSD s.v. 54. Tib. gshin rje’i skyes bu – translation of Skt. *Yamapuruṣa. Yama, a Hindu god embodying death, here translation as “the god of death,” is in the Mvy. 3114 just listed as a worldly deity (Skt. laukikadevatā, Tib. ’jig rten pa’i lha). In Tibetan Buddhism he is also depicted in connection with the wrathful aspect of Mañjuśrī, who is said to have conquered Yama and hence bears the name Yamāntaka, lit. “The slayer of death” or “the one who made an end to Yama.” 55. Tib. ’ jig rten pha rol, Skt. paraloka lit. “the other or future world,” cf. MW s.v. This expression is used to signify the course of the next rebirth and thus might be more meaningfully rendered as: “The other life.” Together with ’gro ba Skt. gata, it also means “death or dying”, cf. MW s.v. °gata. Thus a more literal as well as dramatic sounding alternative translation would be: “For sure I will die tomorrow.” 56. Definition of bag chags from BGT: “The latent power of the mind inside getting accustomed to different outer objects as good, bad [or] neutral, which is [like a] stain on top of the consciousness (nang sems kyis phyi yul bzang ngan bar mi sna tshogs la goms pa song ba’i nus pa bag la nyal rnam shes kyi steng na ’gos yod pa’i cha’o)” pp. 1805–1806. 57. Tib. bar do as the short form of bar ma do’i srid pa, translation of Skt. antarābhava, cf. Mvy. 7680, lit. “intermediate state or existence” designates

Calling the lama from afar

the state or period in-between rebirths and is described in detail in the Tibetan Book of the Dead (Tib. bar do thos grol). There it is called the narrow or steep path, since a samsaric being has hardly any influence on what happens in this intermediate state and the following future rebirth, which are explained as being governed by the ripening of karmic seeds (Skt. vāsana) and habitual reactions. 58. Shaving one’s hair is a part of the ceremony of becoming a monk. Even formally becoming a monk (according to the author) does not necessarily denote that there is a thorough renunciation from samsara. 59. The alternative translation with göme (Tib. dgos med; meaningless): “Even though I shaved [my] head with a razor, there is no understanding of the meaning [behind]”; A translation with Tib. sgo chung, lit. “small door”, would not make much sense and is perhaps best to be understood as a misspelling. 60. The text seems to express the fact that during a formal meditation practice one may have different possible eye-positions, i.e. one may look up, down, ahead or have closed eyes. Thus the idea seems to be that generally a particular way of practicing does not presuppose that one will get a certain result. 61. These three verses explain faults concerning so the three modes (Tib. tshul gsum). These are the terms in which development and progress on the path is traditionally explained in Tibetan Buddhism. The three modes are: hearing (which actually means studying and learning), reflecting, and meditating (Tib. thos bsam sgom gsum, Skt. śruta-cinta-bhāvanā). The process is described by Kongtrul referring to the spiritual development of the 3rd Karmapa as follows: “As the basis of the practice, he established the stainless conduct. At the very beginning he impartially heard [the dharma] from the mouth of many learned and realized teachers. Next completely relying on the meaning heard and internalized through scrupulous analysis, he finally meditated in this way! And finally he internally meditated on that very meaning that he had heard and reflected upon. Thus due to [his] realization he perfectly attained the result” (dri ma med pa’i tshul khrim kyi bslob par gzhir bshag/ thog ma nyid du dge ba’i bshes gnyen mkhas shing grub pa brnyes pa du ma’i zhal snga nas thos pa phyogs med du mdzad/ bar du mno bsam gyi rtog dpyod zhib mos

Annotations

thos pa’i don thugs su chud pa la rab tu brten nas/ mthar thos bsam gyi don de nyid nang du tshul bzhin bsgoms te bsgrubs pas ’bras bu la yang dag par sbyor ba’i phyir). ’Jam mgon kong sprul blo gros mtha’ yas, ’rnam par shes pa dang ye shes ’byed pa’i bstan bcos kyi tshig don go gsal du ’grel pa rang byung dgongs pa’i rgyan ces bya ba bzhugs so’. In: A Collection of works on Shentong School of Madhyamika Philosophy, Gangtok: Karma Shri Nalanda Institute 1990, Book I, pp. 65–66. 62. Lit. “By the way of Dharma you attain the world” seems to refer to the fact that worldly matters or aims, in contrast to any spiritual achievements, are attained. 63. See n51. 64. Tib. bya bral translation of Skt. *niṣkriya lit. “Free from action or work” denotes the state of somebody who has abandoned worldly tasks and actions and has engaged in spiritual practice. In a more strict sense it denotes the achievement of a mind-state that is free from intellectual elaboration (Skt. niṣprapañca or nirvikalpa) and worldly action. 65. Tib. dbyings zag med translation of Skt. *anāsravadhātu, which here perhaps might be understood as equalling chos dbyings or chos khams (Skt. dharmadhātu): the sphere of phenomena being the primordial and pure state of all phenomena. It is one of the crucial terms in the gzhan stong philosophy, playing also a crucial role in the philosophy of Tathāgathagarbha. As the 8th Karmapa Mikyö Dorje states: “The primordial consciousness recognizing [the nature of phenomena] that comes from the deep seat of the Tathāgatas is primordially not different from the sphere of Tathāgathagarbha – at the moment of cognizing that, all karmic seeds of obscurations are abandoned” (de la de bzhin gshegs pa’i gnas zab mo’i dbyings las rtogs pa’i ye shes ye gdod ma nas dbyings bde gshegs snying po dang tha mi dad du yod pa’i rig pa ldang ba de’i tshe sgrib pa’i sa bon thams cad pa spangs te). Mikyö Dorje 1990: 14. 66. In S and Sh zil chan phug (the cave of great resplendence) means the cave of a great and famous retreat place in the province of Kham, Tibet. Tsaritra or Tsari (Tib. tsA ri) is one of the “Three Holy Places of Tibet,” associated with the minds of Cakrasaṃvara and Vajravārāhī – the main meditation deity

Calling the lama from afar

yidam (Tib. yid dam) in the Kagyü tradition. The other two are the places of their bodies – Kailash (Tib. gangs dkar ti se) and speech – Labchi (Tib. la phyi). These three are also listed among the “twenty-four sacred places” (Skt. pīṭha) of the world, Kailash being identified as Himāvat, Labchi as Godāvarī, and Tsari as both Cāritra or Devīkoṭi. Originally Tsarita (Tibetan distortion from Indian Cāritra, which literally means: “good conduct”) was supposed to be a place on the shore of the Indian Ocean. But in the 12th century its “projection” was discovered and consecrated in the main Himalaya range on the border between Tibet and Indian Arunachal Pradesh by the great Drukpa Kagyü master Tsangpa Gyare (Tib. ’brug chen gtsang pa rgya ras ye shes rdo rje). Since then it has played a very important role for the Kagyüs. Karmapa Rangjung Dorje, states: “Charitra, principal among the twenty-four sacred places, is the palace of the Honored One, Wheel of Supreme Bliss. Those who perform pilgrimage there with faith and devotion will later be reborn in the presence of the Buddha of Boundless Light in the pure land of Great Bliss.” See Zangpo 2001. 67. Double meaning in gzer ’debs, literally “to nail the nail” – devotion nailing the essential points. This would come down to the alternative translation: “The Supplication “Calling the Lama from Afar”, nailing down the essential points of devotion.” gzer generally has the notion to make something stable and thus the phrase could as well be translated as: “to be solidified in the heart”. 68. Here we could also adopt the correct Sanskrit form gurave, which is intended as the proper dative masculine plural of guru, we however decided to stick to the form chosen by the author. 69. The numbers and sub-headers in italics are not part of the root text, but added by the translators to convey a better understanding. 70. The two versions P and PW read drin chen instead of drin can. The alternative translation with drin chen: “Root lama of great kindness.” 71. Traditionally the Buddha’s teachings (together with those of other great masters) are divided into the “dharma of scriptures” (intellectual explanations, which are taught by the Buddha himself as well by other great teachers) and

Annotations

the “dharma of realization” (referring to perfection of meditation practice, the mind state which is experienced by the realized ones). 72. Tib. mnga’ bdag – translation of Skt. prabhu, cf. Mvy. 80 73. Translation of Skt. ārya, cf. Mvy. 3750, lit. “any respectable or honourable man”, which in the Buddhist context refers usually to the buddhas themselves or to those have reached liberation from samsara or other higher stages of realization. 74. In this first verse the lama is shown as the embodiment of the Three Jewels (Skt. triratna, Tib. dkon mchog gsum) or the first three elements of refuge (Skt. triśaraṇa) – buddha, dharma and sangha. 75. Accomplishments (Skt. siddhi, Tib. dngos grub) are distinguished into two classes: ordinary accomplishments (thun mong gi dngos grub) which are the results of mastering mind’s calm abiding meditation (Tib. zhi gnas), both Buddhist and non-Buddhist, and and supreme accomplishments (mchog gi dngos grub) which are the results of mastering mind’s insight meditation (Tib. lhag mthong) leading to the understanding of emptiness, which ultimately leads to enlightenment. 76. In this second verse the lama is shown as the embodiment of the Three Roots (Tib. rtsa gsum), the second and additional set of three elements of refuge, which is especially important for esoteric Tibetan Buddhism – lama (root of blessing), yidam (root of accomplishments) and dharma protectors (root of activity). 77. The red Buddha of Limitless Light – Öpame – situated in the western direction and one of the five “Dhyāni Buddhas” (Tib. rgyal ba rigs lnga, Skt. pañcakula) i.e. one of the lords of the five buddha families and their respective fields. The others would be respectively Vairocana (in the center), Amoghasiddhi (in the north), Ratnasambhava (in the south) and Akṣobhya (in the east). 78. In this and following verses, Jamgön Kongtrul is addressing the trikāya principle, represented here by the three aspects of the Lotus Family: Amitābha as the Dharmakāya, Avalokiteśvara as the Sambhogakāya and

Calling the lama from afar

Padmasambhava as the Nirmāṇakāya. These three figures are an important trinity in the Nyingma tradition of the ‘Revealed Treasures’ – Terma (Tib. gter ma). Further, the text continues with reverence towards Yeshe Tsogyal, who wrote the termas and hid them together with Padmasambhava, and to Longchen Rabjam – one of the most prominent tertons and a systematizer of the Nyingma lineage. 79. The Tib. term spros bral – free from elaboration – means generally freedom from projections imposed by the samsaric mind apprehending in terms of being (Tib. yod pa), non-being (Tib. med pa), being and non-being, and neither being nor non-being, etc. 80. The Bodhisattva of Compassion – Chenrezig (Tib. spyan ras gzigs). 81. The “suffering of the six classes of beings” (Skt. ṣaḍgati; Tib. rigs drug) refers to gods, demi-gods, humans, animals, hungry ghosts and hell beings. 82. This means to shake it in order to loosen the bonds of disturbing emotions and karma, to destabilize samsara, which is stabilized by the unenlightened way of experiencing. 83. The three realms (Skt. tridhātu; Tib. khams gsum) are: the desire realm, the form realm and the formless realm. 84. Padmākara (Skt. Padmasambhava, Tib. padma ’byung gnas, 8th century) – legendary Indian Mahāsiddha who is said to have been the first one to bring tantric Buddhism to Tibet and is also known there as Guru Rinpoche. For a translation of his biographies. See Zangpo 2002. 85. Cāmara, (abb. of Cāmaradvīpa) is in Buddhist cosmology the island inhabited by rāksaṣas (being a kind of flesh-eating demon), located to the south-west of the southern continent (Skt. Jambudvīpa). By the description given in the Abhidharmakoṣa, Jambudvīpa can be roughly identified with the Indian subcontinent, where Buddha’s teaching appeared. Cāmara is normally identified with Ceylon (although Ceylon is actually located to the south-east of India). According to his own prophecy, Guru Rinpoche moved to Ceylon in order to tame the rāksaṣas after his mission in Tibet was accomplished.

100

Annotations

86. Palace of Lotus Light (Tib. padma ’od kyi pho brang) is the abode of Guru Rinpoche on the summit of the Copper Colored Mountain of Glory (Tib. zangs mdog dpal ri) – his current residence on Cāmaradvīpa. 87. See n51. 88. Yeshe Tsogyal (8th century) – consort of Padmasambhava, holder of his transmission and one of the greatest female masters in Tibetan Buddhism. For a translation of her biography, see Padmakara 2002. 89. Tib. mkha’ spyod (Skt. khecara) – literally “user of space,” epithet of Skt. ḍākiṇī, Tib. mkha’ ’gro ma. 90. In the Nyingma tradition there are two lines of transmissions, namely the lineage of oral teachings (Tib. bka’ ma’i brgyud) and the lineage of termas (Tib. gter ma’i brgyud). A terma is a hidden teaching, which is revealed by the tertöns (Tib. gter ston), the finders of the hidden treasuries. The lama of those treasuries might refer to several of the most important and outstanding figures among the tertöns. 91. Unity (Skt. yuganaddha, Tib. zung ’ jug) refers to the unity of manifestations and emptiness (Tib. snang ba dang stong pa nyid), or joy and emptiness (Tib. bde ba and stong pa nyid), or expresses, within a tantric context, the union of two of any “counter-pair”, such as male and female, conventional and ultimate, etc. The meaning of this union is similar to the state of awakening of a buddha. In the Advayavajrasaṃgraha is a short work about this topic. The fifth chapter of the Pañcakrama, a text attributed to the tantric Nāgārjuna, also describes this. Here formulations like the following can be found: prajñopāyasamāpattyā jñātvā sarvaṃ samāsataḥ | yatra sthito mahāyogī tad bhaved yuganaddhakam || 5.8., (After succinctly knowing all through the coming together of wisdom and means, in whatever the great Yogin is situated, he may cultivate that as [similar to] Yuganaddha.). 92. Drime Özer is one of the names of Longchenpa (Tib. klong chen pa or klong chen rab ’byams pa, 1308–1364), one of the most prominent masters of the Nyingma tradition. One of his main teachers was the 3rd Karmapa. 93. Lit. “the five lights” (Tib. ’od lnga) – a poetic expression for a rainbow.

101

Calling the lama from afar

94. Lhündrub (Tib. lhun grub) – spontaneous presence and kadak (Tib. ka dag) – primordial purity are two aspects of the basic nature (Tib. gzhi ka) in the Mengakde section (Tib. man ngag sde) of Dzogchen. Togal and trekchö practices, respectively, are meant for realizing these two aspects. 95. Four visions (Tib. snang ba bzhi) – “In the Upadeśa section of the Great Completion system, the path is divided into two: trekchö (Tib. khregs chod) – Thorough Cut and tögal (Tib. thod rgal) – Direct Crossing. The path of Direct Crossing is explicated as a series of four levels. These levels are all concerned with the dharmatā actually being seen as with the eye, i.e., they are concerned with visual appearances. See also Kongtrul 2005: 517n41. 96. Atīśa Dīpaṃkara Śrījñāna (982–1055?) – one of the most important Indian masters in spreading Buddhism in Tibet and founder of the Kadam tradition. See Chattopadhyaya 1999. 97. “Sons” here means actually “students”. Among Atīśa’s disciples, the most prominent was Dromtön Gyalwé Jungné (Tib. ’drom ston rgyal ba’i ’byung gnas 1004–1064). 98. Tuṣita – A god realm located high above Mount Meru, from where the historical Buddha Śakyamuni descended to Earth to take his last rebirth here. Also, present residence of the future Buddha Maitreya. 99. Marpa Chökyi Lodrö or Marpa Lotsawa The Translator (Tib. mar pa chos kyi blo gros, 1012–1097) – close student of Mahāsiddha Nāropa and holder of the mahāmudrā lineage of Maitrīpa (also known as Advayavajra). One of the most famous Tibetan translators, who brought numerous tantric teachings from India to Tibet, and founder of Marpa Kagyü (Tib. mar pa bka’ brgyud). For a translation of his biography, see Tsangnyön Heruka 1999. 100. Milarepa (Tib. mi la ras pa, 1040–1123) – the main student of Marpa, one of the greatest yogins in the history of Tibet, and associated with the “Hundred Thousand Vajra-Songs.” For a translation of his biography, see Tsangnyön Heruka 2010. 101. Gampopa (Tib. sgam po pa bsod nams rin chen, dwags po lha rje, 1079– 1153) – who was first a Kadampa monk and later became one of Milarepa’s

102

Annotations

main students (the other most prominent disciple would be Rechung Dorje Drakpa (Tib. ras chung rdo rje grags pa) or Rechungpa). 102. Skt. vajradhātu. This is a realm usually inhabited by the five Buddha families. 103. Reference to the characteristic Kagyü approach to mahāmudrā teachings as describing the experience of that very mahāmudrā as de tong (Tib. bde stong) – the unity of joy and emptiness. 104. Tib. ’ jig rten dbang phyug, Skt. Lokeśvara is one of the names of Avalokiteśvara, the Bodhisattva of Compassion, and are often used as honorific titles for the incarnations of the Karmapas, as they are held to be emanations of this particular bodhisattva. 105. For further information. See Douglas, White 1976. 106. See n78. 107. The term denme (Tib. bden med) is an abbreviation of denpar druppa mepa (Tib. bden par grub pa med pa) – devoid of truly established reality (as existing and permanent). 108. The four major Kagyü lineages are: Karma Kagyü (Tib. karma bka’ brgyud) founded by Düsum Khyenpa (Tib. dus gsum mkhyen pa, 1110–1193), Tsalpa Kagyü (Tib. tsal pa bka’ brgyud) founded by Lama Zhang (Tib. zhang g.yu brag pa brtson ’grus g.yung drung, 1123–1193), Barom Kagyü (Tib. ’ba’ rom bka brgyud) founded by Barompa Dharma Wangchuk (Tib. ’ba rom pa dar ma dbang phyug, 1127–1194?) and Pakdru Kagyü (Tib. phag gru bka’ brgyud) founded by Phakmo Drupa (Tib. phag mo gru pa rdo rje rgyal po, 1110–1170). 109. The eight minor Kagyü lineages are: Drigung Kagyü (Tib. ’bri gung bka’ brgyud) founded by Jikten Sumgön (Tib. ’ jig rten gsum mgon, rin chen dpal, 1143–1217), Taklung Kagyü (Tib. stag lung bka’ brgyud) founded by Taklung Tangpa Trashi Penden (Tib. stag lung thang pa bkra shis dpal ldan, 1142–1209/10), Tropu Kagyü (Tib. khro phu bka’ brgyud) founded by Tropu Gyeltsa Rinchen Gön (Tib. khro phu rgyal tsha rin chen mgon, 1118–1195) and Tropu Lotsāwa Jampa Pel (Tib. khro phu lo tsā ba byams pa dpal, 1172?–1236?),

103

Calling the lama from afar

Drukpa Kagyü (Tib. ’brug pa bka’ brgyud) founded by Lingje Repa Pema Dorje or Lingrepa (Tib. gling rje ras pa padma rdo rje, 1128–1188) and Tsangpa Gyare (Tib. gtsang pa rgya ras, 1161–1211), Martsang Kagyü (Tib. smar tshang bka’ brgyud) founded by Martsang Sherap Sengge (Tib. smar tshang shes rab seng ge, smar pa shes rab ye shes, 1135–1203), Yelpa Kagyü (Tib. yel pa bka’ brgyud) founded by Yelpa Yeshe Tsek (Tib. yel pa ye shes brtsegs, 1134–1194), Yazang Kagyü (Tib. g.ya’ bzang bka’ brgyud) founded by Zara Kelden Yeshe Sengge (Tib. zwa ra skal ldan ye shes seng ge, 1168?–1207) and Shuksep Kagyü (Tib. shug gseb bka’ brgyud) founded by Gyergom Tsültrim Sengge (Tib. gyer sgom tshul khrims seng ge, 1144–1204). 110. Literally four situations (Tib. gnas skabs gzhi) mean the following: waking (Tib. sad pa), dreaming (Tib. rmi lam), deep sleep (Tib. gnyid ’thug po) and love-making (Tib. snyoms ’jug). 111. Gongma Namnga (Tib. gong ma rnam lnga) – abb. of Tib. sa skya gong ma rnam lnga meaning the five Sakya forefathers, namely Sachen Künga Nyingpo (Tib. sa chen kun dga’ snying po, 1092–1158), Sönam Tsemo (Tib. bsod nams rtse mo, 1142–1182), Drakpa Gyaltsen (Tib. grags pa rgyal mtshan, 1147–1216), Drogön Chögyel Phakpa Lodrö Gyaltsen (Tib. ’gro mgon chos rgyal ’phags pa blo gros rgyal mtshan, 1235–1280) and Sakya Paṇḍita (Tib. sa paṇ kun dga rgyal mtshan, 1182–1251). 112. These might refer to the three corpora of Buddhist scriptures (Skt. tripitaka), which are the collections of discipline (Skt. vinaya), Buddha’s teachings (Skt. sūtra) and additional disciplines (Skt. abhidharma). 113. Shangpa Kagyü (Tib. shangs pa bka’ brgyud) – school founded by Khyungpo Naljor (Tib. khyung po rnal ’byor, 1050/990–1127), the direct mahāmudrā student of Niguma. Famous for Six Doctrines of Niguma, which are parallel to the Six Doctrines of Nāropā. It is the only Kagyü school not contained in the Marpa Kagyü. For an abridged translation of the collection of life stories of Shangpa masters. See Riggs 2001. For the translation of the collection of the teachings of Shangpa Kagyü, see Kongtrul, 2003. 114. See n91.

104

Annotations

115. Generally, the path of Buddhist development is divided into two types: the path of learning (Tib. slob pa’i lam) and the path of non-learning (Tib. mi slob pa’i lam). The first one goes up to the 10th Bhūmi (the gradual stages of the bodhisattva’s development), while the latter actually refers to the state of a buddha. 116. Thangtong Gyalpo (Tib. thang stong rgyal po 1385–1464 or 1361–1485) – closely associated with the Shangpa Kagyü tradition. Cf. his biography by Lochen Gyurme Dechen, Stearns 2007: 81–440. See Kongtrul 2012: 219–221. 117. One of the most widespread versions of a meditation on the Bodhisattva of Compassion (Skt. Avalokiteśvara) in Tibet comes from Thangtong Gyalpo who was considered the master of this practice. See Thangtong Gyalpo 2004. 118. The Tib. phrase brtul zhugs – translated here as yogic discipline – is composed of two verbs: brtul – to tame (the afflictions of the mind), and zhugs – to enter (the liberating path). 119. See n107. 120. Wind – lung (Tib. rlung, Skt. prāṇa) refers to the whole “subtle body” (Skt. sūkṣmarūpa and sūkṣmayoga, Tib. phra mo’i rnal ’byor) that consists of channels (Skt. nāḍī, Tib. rtsa) and wheels (Skt. cakra, Tib. ’khor lo) in which the wind (or breath, or energies) and drops (Skt. bindu, Tib. thig le) are brought under one’s control. Commonly, practices involving such advanced tantric methods are referred to as Tsalung (Tib. rtsa rlung). 121. Padampa Sangye (Tib. pha dam pa sangs rgyas, ?–1117) – Indian Mahāsiddha who brought the practice of Severance – Chö (Tib. gcod), as well as the so called “Pacifier” teachings – Zhije (Tib. zhi byed), to Tibet. He was also the main teacher of Machig Labdrön. See Molk, Tsering Wangdu Rinpoche 2008. 122. Lerap Druppa (Tib. las rab drub pa) is the northern pure land or buddhafield of Amoghasiddhi (Tib. don yod grub pa), one of the Five Buddha Fields (Tib. rigs lnga’i zhing khams). See n77.

105

Calling the lama from afar

123. There are two possible interpretations of this verse and the second one is “make dependent origination arise unbiased” meaning every dependent phenomenon is understood as empty, thus equal and unbiased. 124. Machik Labkyi Drönma (Tib. ma gcig lab kyi sgron ma) means Machig Labdrön (Tib. ma gcig lab sgron, 1055–1149), a Tibetan yogiṇī famous for spreading the practice of Severance – Chö (Tib. gcod). For a translation of her biography, see Harding 2003: 57–102; Edou 1996: 119–164. 125. Reference to the fact that she was considered the master of the Prajñāpāramitā philosophy and thus defeated many learned scholars in debates. 126. Reference to Severance – Chö (Tib. gcod) – the main practice of Machig Labdrön. 127. Dolpopa Sherab Gyeltsen (Tib. dol po pa shes rab rgyal mtshan, 1292–1361) – founder of the Jonang school (Tib. jo nang), which is considered as one of the six schools of Tibetan Buddhism and is famous for introducing the view of “other-emptiness” Zhentong (Tib. gzhan stong) to Tibet. See Hopkins 2006. 128. Reference to the “other-emptiness” description in which the absolute is empty of any afflictions, i.e. anything that is “other” than its natural state, and thus endowed with qualities of the enlightened mind. 129. There are three main channels in the body – right (Skt. rasanā; Tib. rtsa ro ma), central (Skt. avadhūtī; Tib. rtsa dbu ma) and left (Skt. lalanā; Tib. rkyang ma). The movement of energy winds in the right and left channels causes good and bad thoughts to appear. But when these movements of breath or wind enter into the central channel, then its movements stop and the stream of good and bad thoughts disappear. In such way the vajra-body, free from such movements (of winds and thoughts) can be obtained. 130. Tāranātha (1575–1634) – one of the greatest masters and philosophers of the Jonang school, exponent of the other-emptiness view introduced by Dolpopa, and one of the most important historians of Tibet. See Chattopadhyaya 1990; Hopkins 2006.

106

Annotations

131. This refers to the three-fold purification of the main channels, initiated by the three Ḍākinīs, a process ultimately leading to the experience of the “innate” in the moment of the final consummation. 132. See n131. 133. The following four verses (20–23) are only contained in RY and L, since the passages addressing Chokgyur Lingpa were absent in the original text written by Jamgön Kongtrul. They were composed by the 15th Karmapa (Tib. mkha’ khyab rdo rje, 1871–1922). 134. Chokgyur Lingpa (Tib. mchog gyur bde chen gling pa, 1829–1870) – the student of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, one of the greatest Treasure Revealers – Tertöns (Tib. gter ston) in Tibetan history. For a translation of his biography See Kongtrul 2012: 300–311; Tobgyal 1988. 135. What is meant by dualistic conceptualization is a cognition of emptiness as separate from its manifestations or the perception of subject and object as different from each other, through lacking an understanding of their nature as emptiness, i.e. their being related through their having “interdependently arisen”. 136. Tib. rang rig, Skt. svasaṃvedana, also translated as “self-awareness,” is an important technical term, which refers to the fact that the apprehended is similar to that with which it is apprehended. 137. Orgyen Dechen Lingpa (Tib. o rgyan bde chen gling pa) is an alternative name for Chogyur Lingpa. See n134. 138. Tib. spangs thob equals Tib. spang bya blang bya. 139. Khyab Pal Zhigpo Lingpa (Tib. khyab dpal zhing po gling pa) is an alternative name for Chogyur Lingpa. See n134. There is yet another Tibetan Master Zhigpo Lingpa (Tib. zhig po gling pa, 1524–1583) bearing the same name cf. Kongtrul 2012: 167–169. 140. The picture here is meant to refer to the “buddha nature” or more literally the “essence or seed of the tathāgata” (Skt. tathāgatagarbha, Tib. de bzhin

107

Calling the lama from afar

gshegs pa’i snying po). After the seed (garbha) – here, the jewel of the mind – has been found, it can be cultivated to bring about the fruition (tathāgata). 141. By “ground”, the mind in itself (Tib. sems nyid) is meant here. Cf. verse 7a of phyag chen smon lam by the 3rd Karmapa: “The basis of purification is mind in itself – unity of clarity and emptiness” (sbyang gzhi sems nyid gsal stong zung ’ jug la/) Rangjung Dorje 2002, vol. 20. 142. Sempa Peme Nyugu (Tib. sems dpa’ padma’i myu gu) is an epithet of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo. See n145. 143. This probably refers to Mañjuśrī’s Tantra [called] The Net of Magical Emanation (Skt. Mañjuśrīmāyājālatantra) a main Tantra of the Mahāyoga class, being usually identified with the Chanting the Names of Mañjuśrī (Skt. Mañjuśrīnāmasaṃgīti), Derge: 642. 144. Four Kāyas refer to the usual set of three (See n78) with the addition of the “body of the essence or natural state” – svabhāvikakāya, which represents the union of the three other bodies. 145. Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo (’ jam dbyangs mkhyen brtse’i dbang po or kun dga’ bstan pa’i rgyal mtshan 1820–1892) – one of the most prominent lamas in 19th century Tibet. He collaborated closely with and was teacher to Jamgon Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye and was one of the co-founder or rime (Tib. ris med) movement. See Kongtrul 2012. 146. The two kinds of knowledge that the Buddha possesses are: “the knowledge of the way reality is” (Tib. chos nyid ji lta ba mkhyen pa) and “the knowledge of various objects (of the truth of complete projections)” (Tib. chos can ji snyed pa mkhyen pa). 147. The last two verses of this stanza are based on the Tibetan understanding of “buddha” translated as sangs rgyas, where sangs means to purify, and rgyas means to spread. This specific translation also preserves the original reference to the Buddha as The Awakened One, since the idiom rmi lam las sangs means to awake (literally, purify from dreaming).

108

Annotations

148. Ösal Trulpe Dorje (Tib. ’od gsal sprul pa’i rdo rje) is an epithet of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, cf. Chögyam Trungpa vol. 4. 2010: 29. 149. Youthful Vase Body (Tib. gzhon nu bum pa’i sku) is a specific term in the Dzogchen (Tib. rdzogs chen) tradition for the ultimate result of practice. It is described as the body of a 16-year-old that is perfect in every way and does not age. It is described through six special qualities (Tib. khyad chos drug): 1) Appearing as one’s own real nature (Tib. rang ngor snang ba), 2) Emerging from the ground of being (Tib. gzhi las ’phags), 3) Discrimination (Tib. bye brag phyed pa), 4) Freedom from differentiation and acquisition (Tib. phyed thob tu grol ba), 5) The non-changing of youth (Tib. gzhon las ma byung ba) and 6) Natural firmness (Tib. rang sar gnas pa). 150. Padma Donngak Lingpa (Tib. padma mdo sngags gling pa) is an epithet of Jamyang Khyentsé Wangpo, cf. Kongtrul 2012: 313–327; Chögyam Trungpa vol. 4. 2010: 29. 151. See n91. 152. An idiom meaning the ability to include every experience into the practice. 153. The five poisons are five emotional obscurations of afflictions (desire, anger, ignorance, pride and jealousy; Skt. pañcakleśa-viṣa, Tib. dug lnga) and the five primordial consciousnesses (the consciousness that is mirror-like, of discrimination, of the absolute truth, of equality, and of accomplishing activity; Skt. pañcajñāna, Tib. ye shes lnga) – more commonly referred to as wisdoms – are their transformations, i.e the five qualities free from afflictions. The set of five is further related to the five Buddha families. See n77. 154. The names Ngakwang Yönten Gyatso (Tib. ngag dbang yon tan rgya mtsho), Son of the Victorious Ones Lodrö Thaye (Tib. rgyal sras blo gros mtha’ yas), Pema Gargyi Wangchuk (Tib. padma gar gyi dbang phyug) and Tennyi Yungdrung Lingpa (Tib. bstan gnyis g.yung drug gling pa) are all names given to Jamgön Kongtrul on the four occasions when he obtained the viṇaya vows, the bodhisattva vows, when he was introduced into the Vajrayāna, and when he was recognised as a tertön. The reason for Kongtrul to include himself

109

Calling the lama from afar

lies in the fact that he was requested by his students to compose this text. Cf. Chögyam Trungpa vol.4. 2010: 29. 155. Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche (Tib. sprul sku o rgyan rin po che; 1920–1996). This verse was added by Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche (Tib. dil mgo mkhyen brtse bkra shis dpal ’byor; 1910–1991). 156. Meaning fortunate to obtain the transmission by way of karmic link with the teacher. 157. The seat of the great joy at the crown of the head is referring to one the cakras, which sometimes additionally referred to as the sixth cakra, called the mahāsukhacakra. 158. Freedoms and advantages (Tib. dal ’byor) mean the set of conditions defi ning the so called “precious human body” (Tib. mi lus rin po che). “There are eight freedoms taught. Freedom means here being free from eight unfavorable conditions. These eight unfavorable conditions are explained as follows: “The realms of hells, hungry ghosts, animals, barbarians, long living gods [and beings having] wrong views, [are those] where Buddha is absent and where one is handicapped.” [dal ba brgyad bstan pa/ de la dal ba ni mi khom pa brgyad dang bral ba’o/ /mi khom pa brgyad ni mdo dran pa nyer bzhag las/ dnyal na yi dwags dud ’gro dang// kla klo tshe ring lha dang ni/ /log lta sangs rgyas kyis stong pa/ /lkugs pa ’di dag mi khom brgyad// ces gsungs so//]” Gampopa 1999: 12.; “Concerning the ten advantages there are five advantages [achieved] by oneself and five advantages [achieved] through other [conditions]. The five advantages [achieved] by oneself are: ’human beings, being born in [the so called] middle country [where beings are noble], having all faculties [functioning well], not turning to extreme activities [and] having devotion for the teachings. (…) The five conditions [achieved] through other conditions are: Buddha came to this world, taught the excellent dharma, the dharma that was taught [still] remains, there are some followers of that remaining dharma, and there are compassion and love for others [’byor ba bcu/ ’byor ba ni/ rang gi ’byor ba lnga dang/ gzhan gyi ’byor ba lnga ste bcu’o// rang ’byor lnga/ de la rang gi ’byor ba lnga ni/ ji skad du/ mi nyid dbus skyes dbang po tshang/ /las mtha’ mi log gnas la dad// ces pa rnams so// (…) gzhan

110

Annotations

gyi ’byor ba lnga ni/ sangs rgyas ’ jig rten du byon pa dang/ dam pa’i chos bstan pa dang/ chos bstan pa rnams gnas pa dang/ chos gnas pa rnams kyi rjes su ’ jug pa dang/ gzhan gyi phyir snying brtse bar byed pa yod pa’o//].” See Gampopa 1999: 12, 14. 159. Lit. grasping for a self (Tib. bdag tu ’dzin pa, Skt. ātmagrāha) is the basic feature of mistaken apprehension of phenomena performed by the samsaric mind in the state of delusion (Tib. ma rigs pa). A deluded mind functions with a false cognition of object and subject, i.e. the thing to be grasped and the one grasping at it (Skt. grāhyagrāhaka), presupposing that both of them are real – possessing substance or reality as an independently existing self (Tib. bdag). Thus self-identification is simply a false reification of imposing (projecting) a self upon appearances, which are ultimately empty of any self. Self-identification concerns both outer phenomena and inner phenomena. 160. Oral explanation from Sherab Gyaltsen Rinpoche, Krasnoyarsk, Russia 2017: When we speak about the unaltered, untouched or unfabricated (Tib. ma bcos pa) mind, it means that one should not try to do it better or worse. One should not try to correct (Tib. bcos) it, considering it to be too good or too bad. Instead one needs to rest upon its natural, inborn, raw or original (Tib. gnyug ma) state, which is in fact its real nature (Tib. gnas lugs). But we do not know how to maintain it. The main point of discovering this original state is about the way one releases (Tib. bzhag stabs) the mind. It is also called to let it fall into itself (Tib. rang [su] babs) upon one’s real nature (Tib. gnas lugs). Such real nature can not be achieved through improving the mind, correcting it according to a philosophical doctrine of emptiness, getting involved in reasoning about what exists and what doesn’t, what is permanent and what is not, etc. 161. Tib. rdzong shod bde gshegs ’dus pa’i pho brang is a holy place in Palyul, Derge (Kham) and one of the twenty-five holy places of eastern Tibet. It is connected to Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, Chokgyur Dechen Lingpa and Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye.

111

Calling the lama from afar

Bibliography Ahn 2003: Sung-Doo Ahn, Die Lehre von den Kleśas in der Yogācārabhūmi. Altund Neu-Indische Studien 55. Abteilung für Kultur und Geschichte Indiens und Tibets des Asien-Afrika-Institutes an der Universität Hamburg. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2003. Asaṅga’a Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra: Lévi Sylvain (ed.), Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra, Exposé de la doctrine du Grand Véhicule, vol. I, Paris: 1907. (GRETIL) BHSD: Franklin Edgerton, Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar and Dictionary, Volume 2: Dictionary. 1953. Reprint: Kyoto: Rinsen Book Co., 1985. BGT: bod rgya tshig mdzod chen mo Buescher 2007: Hartmut Buescher, Sthiramati’s Triṃśikavijñaptibhāṣya; Critical Edition of the Sanskrit Text and its Tibetan Translation. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Science, 2007. Cabezón, Jackson 1996: José Ignacio Cabezón and Roger J. Jackson, Tibetan Literature. Studies in Genre, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion 1996.

112

Bibliography

Chattopadhyaya 1999: Chimpa Alaka Chattopadhyaya, Atīśa and Tibet. Life and Works of Dīpaṃkara Śrijñāna (alias Atīśa) in relation to the History and Religion of Tibet with Tibetan Sources, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidas Pub 1999. — 1990: Tāranātha, History of Buddhism in India, tr. Chimpa Alaka Chattopadhyaya, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidas Pub 1990. Dag yig gsar bsgrigs: Bsam gtan, Dag yig gsar bsgrigs. Mtsho-sṅon mi rigs dpe skrun khaṅ, 1994. Davidson 2005: Ronald M. Davidson, Tibetan Renaissance. Tantric Buddhism in the Rebirth of Tibetan Culture, New York: Columbia University Press 2005. Dronma 1992: Yeshe Dronma, The Kunzig Shamarpas of Tibet, Huy: Droje and Bell, 1992. Dougles, White 1976: Nik Dougas and Maryl White, Karmapa: The Black Hat Lama of Tibet, London: Luzac & Company LTD 1976. Edou 1996: Jérôme Edou, Machig Labdrön and the Foundations of Chöd, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion 1996. Gampopa 1999: chos rje sgam po pa bsod nams rin chen gyis mdzad pa’i dam chos yid bzhin nor bu thar pa rin che’i rgyan zhes bya ba bzhugs so//, Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies, Sarnath-Varanasi 1999.

113

Calling the lama from afar

Harding 2003: Machik’s Complete Explanation Clarifying the Meaning of Chöd, A Complete Explanation of Casting Out the Body as Food, tr. Sarah Harding, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion Publications 2003. Hopkins 2006: Dol-bo-ba Shay-rap-gyel-tsen, Mountain Doctrine. Tibet’s Fundamental Treatise on Other-Emptiness and the Buddha Matrix, tr. Jeffrey Hopkins, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion Publications 2006. — 2007: Tāranātha, The essence of other emptiness, tr. Jeffrey Hopkins, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion Publications 2007. Jampel Zangpo’s Dorje Chang Tungma: Ban sgar ’jam dpal bzang po, rdo rje ’chang thung ma In: sngon ’gro bzhi sbyor sogs kyi ngag ’don ’phags lam bgrod pa’i shing rta, vol. 9 (ta). Kongtrul 1990: ’Jam mgon kong sprul blo gros mtha’ yas, ’rnam par shes pa dang ye shes ’byed pa’i bstan bcos kyi tshig don go gsal du ’grel pa rang byung dgongs pa’i rgyan ces bya ba bzhugs so’. In: A Collection of works on Shentong School of Madhyamika Philosophy, Gangtok: Karma Shri Nalanda Institute 1990, book I. — 2003: Jamgon Kongtrul, Timeless Rapture. Inspired Verse of the Shangpa Masters, tr. Ngawang Zangpo, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion 2003. — 2005: Jamgon Kongtrul, The Treasury of Knowledge: Book Six, Part Four: Systems Of Buddhist Tantra, tr. Kalu Rinpoche Translation Group, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion 2005.

114

Bibliography

— 2008: ’Jam mgon kong sprul yon tan rgya mtsho, ’lam zhugs kyi gang zag las dan po ba la phan pa’i bskyed rdzogs gnas bsdus’, In: bskyed rdzogs gnad bsdus ’grel ba nor bu’i snang ba, Kathmandu: Rigpe Dorje Publications 2008 (blo gros mtha’ yas pa’i mdzod, t. IX). 2008. — 2012: Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Taye, The Hundred Tertöns. Brief Accounts of Profound Terma and the Siddhas Who Have Revealed It, tr. Yeshe Gyamtso, Kathmandu: KTD Publications 2012. Mackenzie Stewart 2004: Jampa Mackenzie Stewart, The Life of Gampopa, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion 2004. Mikyö Dorje 1990: Karma pa Mi bskyod rdo rje, ’dbu ma gzhan stong smra ba’i srol legs par phye ba’i sgron me’ In: A Collection of works on Shentong School of Madhyamika Philosophy, Gangtok: Karma Shri Nalanda Institute 1990, book I. Molk, Tsering Wangdu Rinpoche 2008: Lion of Siddhas. The Life and Teachings of Padampa Sangye, tr. David Molk and Lama Tsering Wangdu Rinpoche, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion 2008. MW: Sir Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate IndoEuropean Languages. Compact edition greatly enlarged and improved with the collaboration of E. Leumann C. Cappeller and other scholars. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1899. Reprint: Tokyo: Meicho Fukyukai Co., 1986.

115

Calling the lama from afar

Mvy: Mahāvyutpatti. Ryōzaburō Sakaki, ed., Honyaku myōgi taishū (Mahāvyutpatti). 2 vols. 1916. Reprint: Tokyo: Kokusho Kankōkai, 1987. Nobel 1950: Johannes Nobel, Suvarṇaprabhāsottamasūtra: Das Goldglanz-sūtra. Ein Sanskrittext des Mahāyāna-Buddhismus. Die tibetischen Übersetzungen mit einem Wörterbuch. Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch Tibetisch-DeutschSanskrit. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1950. Padmakara 2002: Lady of the Lotus-Born. A life and Enlightenment of Yeshe Tsogyal, tr. Padmakara Translation Group, Boston & London 2002. Rangjung Dorje 2002: Karma pa Rang byung rdo rje, nges don phyag rgya chen po’i smon lam, w: bka’ brgyud pa’i gsung rab Zi-ling 2002, vol. 20. Riggs 2001: Nicole Riggs, Like an Illusion. Lives of the Shangpa Kagyu Masters, Eugene, Oregon: Dharma Cloud Press 2001. Smith 2006: ’Jam mgon Kong sprul and the Nonsectarian Movement’ in: E. Gene Smith, Among Tibetan Texts. History and Literature of the Himalayan Plateau, Boston: Wisdom Publications 2001. pp. 235-272; Ringu Tulku, The Ri-me philosophy of Jamgön Kongtrul the Great. A Study of the Buddhist Lineages of Tibet, Boston & London: Shambala 2006: 1–54. Stearns 2007: Cyrus Stearns, King of the Empty Plain. The Tibetan Iron-Bridge Builder Tangtong Gyalpo, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion 2007.

116

Bibliography

Thangtong Gyalpo 2004: Thangtong Gyalpo et al., Trainings in Compassion, tr. Tyler Dewar Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion 2004. Thurman 2004: Robert Thurman (ed.), The Universal Vehicle Discourse Literature (Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra), New York: Columbia University Press 2004. Tobgyal 1988: Orgyen Tobgyal, The Life and Teachings of Chokgyur Lingpa, tr. Tulku Jigmey and Eric Pema Kunzang, Kathmandu: Rangjung Yeshe Publications 1988. Chögyam Trungpa 2010: Chögyam Trungpa, The Collected Works of Chögyam Trungpa, ed. Carolyn Rose Gimian, Bosten, London: Shambhala Publications 20032010. in 8 vol. Tsang Nyön Heruka 1999: Tsang Nyön Heruka, The Life of Marpa the Translator, tr. Nālandā Translation Committee, New Delhi: Shambala South Asia Editions 1999. — 2010: Tsangnyön Heruka, The Life of Milarepa, tr. Andrew Quintman, New York: Penguin Books 2010. TSD: J. S. Negi et al., Bod skad dang legs sbyar gyi tshig mdzod chen mo: Tibetan-Sanskrit Dictionary. 16 vols. Sarnath: Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies, Dictionary Unit, 1993–2005. Tsünpa Ggndün Rinchen 2008: btsun pa dge ’dun rin chen, ’bla slob chos gsum gyi rab dbye gsal byed lung gi phreng ba’ In: dam chos ’chad nyan bya ba’i skabs kyi nyer mkho

117

Calling the lama from afar

gces bdus, Kathmandu: Rigpe Dorje Publications 2008 (blo gros mtha’ yas pa’i mdzod, vol. 1). Zangpo 1994: Jamgon Kongtrul’s Retreat Manual by Jamgon Kongtrul Lodro Taye, tr. Ngawang Zangpo, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion 1994. — 2001: Ngawang Zangpo, Sacred Ground Jamgon Kongtrul on “Pilgrimage and Sacred Geography”, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion 2001. — 2002: Ngawang Zangpo, Guru Rinpoche. His Life and Times, Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion 2002. Zhangtsön Drüdrakpa 2011: zhang brtson ’grus grags pa, ’phyag rgya chen po sgom ma mo chen mo’i sngon ’gro dngos gzhi’ In: nges don phyag rgya chen po dang zab mo nA ro’i chos drug skor, Sarnath-Varanasi: Vajra Vidya Institute Library 2011.

118

Translating the Karmapas’ works

"It’s taught that if you always apply yourself solely to devotion to the guru, resting in an uncontrived state of mind, and looking at the mind, this prac tice will cause the way things truly are to appear from within." Lama Zhang

The Translation project: Translating the Karmapas’ works, based in Karma Guen, Spain wants to protect and preserve the teachings of the Karmapas. It generally focuses on the mahāmudrātransmission within the Karma Kagyü tradition of Tibetan Buddhism by researching and translating its masters’ textual legacy.