6 minute read
Bibliography
REPORTS
World Health Organisation, 2020. World Health Statistics 2020. Monitoring Health For The SDGs. [online] World Health Organisation. Available at: <https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/hand le/10665/332070/9789240005105-eng.pdf> [Accessed 5 September 2020].
Advertisement
GLA Intelligence, 2015. Population Growth In London, 1939-2015. Population Growth in London. [online] London: Greater London Authority. Available at: <https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/ population-change-1939-2015> [Accessed 7 September 2020].
Office for National Statistics, 2020. Changing Trends in Mortality In England And Wales: 1990 To 2018. Changing trends in mortality in England and Wales. [online] Office for National Statistics [Accessed 7 September 2020].
Cemetery Research Group, University of York, 2011. An Audit Of London Burial Provision. An Audit of London Burial Provision. [online] London: Greater London Authority. Available at: <https://www. london.gov.uk/file/5284> [Accessed 25 August 2020].
Fox, H., 1997. Burial Space Needs In London. [online] London: London Planning Advisory Committee (LPAC). Available at: <https://www. london.gov.uk/file/5284> [Accessed 25 August 2020].
Cremation.org.uk. 2020. Progress Of Cremation In The British Islands From 1885 To 2019. [online] Available at: <https://www.cremation.org.uk/ progress-of-cremation-united-kingdom> [Accessed 27 September 2020]. Gigl.org.uk. 2019. Key London Figures – Greenspace Information For Greater London. [online] Available at: <https://www.gigl.org.uk/ keyfigures/> [Accessed 21 December 2020].
GOVERNMENT WEBSITES
GOV.UK. 2018. Regional Ethnic Diversity. [online] Available at: <https://www.ethnicity-facts-figures. service.gov.uk/uk-population-by-ethnicity/nationaland-regional-populations/regional-ethnic-diversity/ latest#download-the-data> [Accessed 3 September 2020].
Citizens Advice B, 2021. Registering The Death. What to do after a death. [online] The National Association of Citizens Advice Bureaux. Available at: <https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/family/deathand-wills/what-to-do-after-a-death/#:~:text=A%20 death%20should%20be%20registered,the%20 coroner’s%20investigations%20are%20finished.> [Accessed 2 January 2021].
LEGAL DOCUMENTS
Fairbairn, C., 2017. Reuse Of Graves House of Commons Briefing Paper 04060. [PDF] London: House of Commons. Available at: <https:// commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/ sn04060/> [Accessed 5 September 2020].
DCA: Department for Constitutional Affairs, 2005. Guide For Burial Ground Managers. London: DCA, p.9.
Burial Act 1857. 25
Ministry of justice, 2004. Burial Law And Policy In The 21St Century The Way Forward. London: Ministry of Justice. https://www.iccm-uk.com/iccm/wp-content/ uploads/2020/09/iccm_burial-law-policy-MoJ-2.pdf [Accessed 26 September 2020].
Office of National Statistics: ONS, 2019. Annual Population Survey. London: ONS.
ONLINE ARTICLES
Fairbairn, C., 2017. Reuse Of Graves House of Commons Briefing Paper 04060. [PDF] London: House of Commons. Available at: <https:// commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/ sn04060/> [Accessed 5 September 2020].
Cohen, D., 2019. Britain’s burial crisis – and how to solve it. The Financial Times, [online] Available at: <https://www.ft.com/content/88bdc01c-29a0-11e9a5ab-ff8ef2b976c7> [Accessed 5 September 2020].
BBC. 2014. Burial Land Shortage. [online] Available at: <http://www.bbc.co.uk/insideout/content/ articles/2007/11/06/london_burials_s12_w8_ feature.shtml> [Accessed 5 September 2020].
BBC News, 2015. The world is running out of burial space. [online] Available at: <https://www.bbc. co.uk/news/uk-31837964> [Accessed 5 September 2020].
Pigott, R., 2013. ‘Reuse Graves Or Run Out In 20 Years’. [online] BBC News. Available at: <https:// www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-24297117/ reuse-graves-in-england-or-run-out-in-20-years> [Accessed 5 September 2020].
The Guardian, 2020. The nation’s cemeteries are nearly full. [online] Available at: <https://www. theguardian.com/society/2011/may/17/nationcemeteries-full-graves> [Accessed 5 September 2020]. 80 Villazon, L., 2018. Is It Better For The Environment To Be Buried Or Cremated?. [online] BBC Science Focus Magazine. Available at: <https:// www.sciencefocus.com/planet-earth/is-itbetter-for-the-environment-to-be-buried-orcremated/#:~:text=Cremation%20also%20 accounts%20for%2016,lot%20of%20energy%20 to%20manufacture.> [Accessed 27 August 2020].
De Sousa, A., 2020. Death in the city: what happens when all our cemeteries are full?. The Gardian, [online] Available at: <https://www.theguardian. com/cities/2015/jan/21/death-in-the-city-whathappens-cemeteries-full-cost-dying#comments> [Accessed 25 September 2020].
BBC. 2009. BBC - Religions - Christianity: Christian Funerals. [online] Available at: <http://www.bbc. co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/ritesrituals/ funerals.shtml> [Accessed 12 November 2020].
Curl, J. (1983). John Claudius Loudon and the Garden Cemetery Movement. Garden History, 11(2), 133-156. [online] Available at: www.jstor.org/stable/1586841 [Accessed 20 Dec. 2020].
Kremer, W., 2017. Dissolving the dead. BBC, [online] Available at: <https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/ resources/idt-sh/dissolving_the_dead> [Accessed 9 November 2020].
ONLINE WEBSITES
Understanding Humanism. n.d. What Is Humanism?. [online] Available at: <https:// understandinghumanism.org.uk/what-ishumanism/> [Accessed 20 December 2020].
Time Out London. 2019. The Magnificent Cemeteries Of London. [online] Available at: <https://www.timeout.com/london/things-to-do/ in-pictures-the-magnificent-cemeteries-of-london> [Accessed 15 December 2020].
Humanists UK. 2019. Ceremony Ideas And Inspiration. [online] Available at: <https:// humanism.org.uk/ceremonies/non-religiousfunerals/example/> [Accessed 29 December 2020].
Funeralguide.co.uk. 2019. Natural Burial & Green Funerals - Funeral Guide. [online] Available at: <https://www.funeralguide.co.uk/help-resources/ arranging-a-funeral/funeral-guides/a-guide-towoodland-burial-green-funerals> [Accessed 8 January 2021].
The Cremation Society. 2021. Brief History Of Statutory Law Relating To Cremation In The U.K.. [online] Available at: <https://www.cremation. org.uk/brief-history-of-statutory-law-relatingto-cremation#:~:text=In%201902%2C%20 Parliament%20passed%20the,%2C%20the%20 Cremation%20Act%2C%201952.> [Accessed 10 January 2021].
ONLINE VIDEOS
Spade, K., 2016. When I Die, Recompose Me. [video] Available at: <https://www.ted.com/talks/ katrina_spade_when_i_die_recompose_me#t762108> [Accessed 9 January 2021].
Killing, A., 2014. Theres A Better Way To Die, And Architecture Can Help. [video] Available at: <https://www.ted.com/talks/alison_killing_ there_s_a_better_way_to_die_and_architecture_ can_help> [Accessed 10 January 2021].
APENDIX
Interview with Mohammed Omar at 09/10/2020 3:30PM
HJ: Hasan Jamshed (Myself) MO: Mohammed Omar
HJ:
Land scarcity is an is a huge issue facing burial sites and the cemeteries throughout major cities, what is your cemetery doing to tackle this?
MO:
There is not enough land, there are lots of studies by Dr Julia Rugg and there was a report by the BBC on burial shortages. So, we know burial spaces is always going to be an issue. We ourselves as a charity (funded by public donations), we will try and adhere as much as possible on how we will be able to provide space, but we are a charity and have fainant resources.
We cannot guarantee we can continue to provide Muslim burial space for the Muslim community because land is difficult to obtain. At the moment the only place which is normally easier is a greenbelt site. According to the unitary development plan, the permitted use of the land can be used as a cemetery, but you would need to demonstrate certain conditions before passing a planning application.
To answer your question, yes. We are always on the lookout for more land but it is difficult, the demand for land is much greater in this convocation of the fact you need schools, you need housing and hospitals; they (Councils) have different priorities and therefore cemeteries for all local authorities are always a lower priority, therefore land becomes very difficult to obtain. But that does not mean there is not enough land, there is land available but it’s at a premium and depends on what price you are willing to pay for that.
HJ:
Should Councils and local authority have a greater responsibility to insure there is sufficient space for burials?
MO:
People do not know this, but the council are not legally obliged to provide a burial space. It is only a moral responsibility, not a legal responsibility. Therefore, a lot of people tend to say it is within their responsibility, but most councils have done it as a consequence to say we will provide a burial space. But they are not legally bound to do so, there is nothing instituted saying that they have to provide a burial space. The council does have the responsibility for those who have no family or friends to provide a burial space and not anything further.
HJ:
What is the future for garden of peace when land is all used up?
MO:
We have three sites at the moments.; one is the first one, Elmbridge Road cemetery, the other, Five Oaks Cemetery, and Maylands Cemetery. In total, for all the three sites, the capacity we are looking at would be approximately 30,000.
Our tactic is two folds, firstly we are trying to buy more land to reach our goal of 50,000 graves, so we can reach our goal of recycling our graves in perpetuity. The second approach is, we are telling each and every borough that they should provide for their residents just as they have provided for those in the past. They are taxpayers and we are encouraging the community to go to their councils and demand for a burial space because they are providing options for other communities but why aren’t we doing that. Under the equalities act, they are supposed to provide what are the requirements are in each faith and they are obligated to provide you with the provisions to be buried according to the faith.