Environmental Design - Spyros Stravoravdis
New Delhi - India: Environmental Performance Modeling Using Ecotect
Hugo Carvallo - MArch candidate, BArch., A.S. Arch.
BUILDING REQUIREMENTS: Type: Capacity: Interior Temp.: Hours: Area:
SITE ANALYSIS
Public - Sports Center Up to 510 people 13 °C to 18 °C Weekdays: 24 hrs. Weekend: 10 A.M. to 10 P.M. 14900 s.m.
The climate of New Delhi is a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cwa) with high variation between summer and winter temperatures and precipitation. The temperature varies from 40 degrees Celsius in summers to around 0 degrees Celsius in winters. New Delhi’s version of a humid subtropical climate is noticeably different from many other cities with this climate classification in that it features long and very hot summers, relatively dry cool winters, and monsoon and dust average temperatures storms. Summers are long, from early April to October, with the monsoon season in between. Winter starts in November and peaks in January. The annual mean temperature is 25 °C (77 °F); monthly mean temperatures range from 14 °C to 33 °C (58 °F to 92 °F). The average annual rainfall is approximately 714 mm (28.1 inches), most of which is during the monsoons in July and August. Source: www.en.wikipedia.org
site avg. daily radiation node value [close up]
climate summary
hourly data
anual incident solar radiation through the year
wind site analysis
3d direct solar radiation
psychrometric chart - multiple techniques
optimum orientation
prevailing winds
Hugo Carvallo - MArch candidate, BArch., A.S. Arch. Environmental Design - Spyros Stravoravdis
New Delhi - India: Environmental Performance Modeling Using Ecotect
Source: www.en.wikipedia.org
DESIGNING + TESTING FACTS:
- Located in the center of new Delhi, the site is surrounded by high rises. It is close to Onnaught Place (officially Rajeev Chowk), which is one of the largest financial, commercial and business centers in Delhi. - The site has a triangle shape. - According to my classmate, Viraat Kumar, New Delhi has a composite climate: Summers are at its peak in May, as high as 45 °C. spring equinox Heavy rains or monsoons in August. Presence of humidity in September. Winters are cold as low as 2 to 10 °C. No really windy, except monsoon season. Calm wind most of the year. Extreme change of tempreatures. - According to Google Earth, there are no places related to sports activities around the site. - The site dimensions are: 122 mt x 84 mt x 120 mt (5100 mt²). - A challenging project, where the building will be overshadowed most of the year. summer solstice
wind CFD perspective analysis - cell pressure
comfort percentage - comparison
sketches
IDEA:
autum equinox
- Proposing a sports center, where people can go before, during or after work to relax, enjoy and work out. - The building will operate 24 hrs. during the week and from 10 A.M. to 10 P.M. during weekends. - The design tends to apply all the techniques and process learnt during this phase. - The New Delhi Sports Center will have saunas, pools, gym, soccer, basketball, tennis, and volleyball fields, and a cricket practice pitch (cricket is the most popuwinter solstice lar sports in India). Zone: Zone 1 - Also, it will be a place to relax and learn from yoga, Opera,on: Weekdays 00-‐24, Weekends 10-‐22. dances, martial arts, and other activities related to Thermostat Se=ngs: 15.0 -‐ 20.0 C sports. - It will host corporal/grouped competitions or cham- Max Hea,ng: 853 W at 05:00 on 2nd January Max Cooling: 4670 W at 15:00 on 26th April pionships such as in volleyball, soccer, etc. INITIAL DESIGN: - The building will be 8 storey high. - It will follow the triangular shape of the site, and will be directed towards the southwest direction. - Although it will be shaded most of the year by the buildings surrounding it, the building tends to perform well for its function, in terms of ventilation. - Large operable windows will be facing southwest, few and smaller operable windows will be facing northeast for natural cross ventilation. - Large windows will let natural indirect light pass through it. - It will have 2 atriums to let natural light come into the building. - It will have open floor plans to maximize spaces for different administrative, and sports activities.
MONTH Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL PER M² Floor Area:
HEATING (Wh) 69535 15294 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 464 55305 140598
COOLING (Wh) 77253 278520 624990 1116130 1458588 1395642 1208352 1191401 1092592 868892 483820 269868 10066048
TOTAL (Wh) 146788 293814 624990 1116130 1458588 1395642 1208352 1191401 1092592 868892 484283 325173 10206646
9452 676709 14.875 m2 Concrete Block Render Single Glazed Timber Frame
686161
Zone: Zone 1 Opera,on: Weekdays 00-‐24, Weekends 10-‐22. Thermostat Se=ngs: 15.0 -‐ 20.0 C
Zone: Zone 1 Opera,on: Weekdays 00-‐24, Weekends 10-‐22. Thermostat Se=ngs: 15.0 -‐ 20.0 C
Max Hea,ng: 624 W at 06:00 on 2nd January Max Cooling: 3330 W at 15:00 on 26th April
Max Hea,ng: 618 W at 06:00 on 2nd January Max Cooling: 3353 W at 15:00 on 26th April
MONTH Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL
MONTH Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL
HEATING COOLING (Wh) (Wh) 45712 26347 8648 163936 0 446935 0 863936 0 1148855 0 1101916 0 950013 0 931251 0 850669 0 653422 0 327133 31559 134093 85919 7598507
TOTAL (Wh) 72059 172584 446935 863936 1148855 1101916 950013 931251 850669 653422 327133 165651 7684426
PER M² 5776 510824 Floor Area: 14.875 m2 Concrete Block Render Double Glazed Timber Frame
516600
HEATING COOLING (Wh) (Wh) 41248 18922 6928 146003 0 441416 0 871793 0 1163150 0 1115820 0 962311 0 943650 0 861414 0 656778 0 319077 27379 100569 75555 7600903
TOTAL (Wh) 60170 152931 441416 871793 1163150 1115820 962311 943650 861414 656778 319077 127948 7676458
PER M² 5079 510985 516064 Floor Area: 14.875 m2 Timber Clad Masonry Double Glazed LowE Alum Frame More windows: north west area for cooling
Hugo Carvallo - MArch candidate, BArch., A.S. Arch. Environmental Design - Spyros Stravoravdis
New Delhi - India: Environmental Performance Modeling Using Ecotect
wind CFD calculation - cutting buiding though west east direction
CONCLUSION + FINAL PROPOSALS
set exposure
Because of its location and activity, the project tends to perform well under the given conditions. A test performing its shaded areas and percentages through the year give us the result that the building will be covered by its neighbor buildings most of the year. This condition will be a favorable condition for its occupants who will be exercising most of the time, and therefore feel cool.
additional operable windows
A wind analysis also was performed, with and without the building. Depending of the year, and wind conditions there will be a small turbulence - cell pressure in one of the high-rise’s top, north of the building. Notice that wind speed does not change much all over the year, and that it remains calm with exception of the monsoom season.
interior luces
Two initial skylights were proposed in the building to provided indirect natural lighting. The skylight will remain but the openings will be 25% bigger than initially designed. Three different tests were performed. For all of the tests, materials were changed to analize its insulation properties, and different performances. In the last test, additional and bigger openings were proposed in the north west area of the building.
timber clad masonry
daylight factor daylight factor
wind CFD calculation - cutting buiding though north south direction
custom scale depending on max exposure - 2456 lux
double glazed low E aluminum frame
wider atriums [more access to natural indirect light]
contour bands
false color