JACOBSON HOUSE

HEJU N WEN The university of Okl ahoma c ol l ege of arc hite c ture di v i s i on of l andsc ape arc hite c ture l a 5515 prof. wil l iams

A. PART1 - INITIAL INFORMATION GATHERING a. B ASIC IN FORMA TION SI T E LOCATIO N: THE HISTORIC JACO BSO N H O U S E i s l o ca t e d o n t h e northw e s t c or ne r of the c a m p u s of The Unive rs ity of O klahom a at 609 C hau ta u q ua Av enu e N or man, OK . U.S .

Th e Jac obson Hou se i s a t t h e co r n e r o f C h a u t a u qu a Av e . a n d W B oy d S t. and it ne a r the L ib rary B ar & G rill a nd C a tle tt M u s ic C e nte r.

SI T E SIZE: The hou se i s ab o u t 5 6 .3 6 ’ l e n gt h a n d 4 2 .5 0 ’ wi dt h .

NATURAL CO N DI TIO N S: Degree days: In Nor man, n o r m a l a n n u a l t e m pe r a t u re i s be t we e n 61. 4 F ( 16. 3 C ) a nd ave rag e le ng th of g row ing s e as on is ab ou t 30 - 31 We e ks .

Preci pi tati on: In N or man, n o r m a l a n n u a l pre ci pi t a t i o n i s 3 5 .4 i n (89. 9 c m ) and annu a l s now f a ll is f rom 5 to 9 inc he s .

W in d speed and di rec ti o n : I n N o r m a n , t h e m a i n di re ct i o n o f wi n d is s ou th.

SU NCHAR T : HOUSE FO UN CTIO N : N ow, t h e h o u s e i s T h e Ja co bso n H o u se N a t i v e A rt C e nte r. A nd the im p ortant thing is that the hou s e its e lf w a s the onc e na tu ral site in stead of u rbani zed si te n o w.

In t he Pl anni ng Zoni ng of N o r m a n , s u r ro u n di n g by m u l t i - fa m i l y dw e lling , s ing le -f a m ily d w e lling and of f ic e ins titu tiona l, the J ac ob s on H ou s e is at medium d en si ty apartment. b. HISTORY HIS T ORY OF THE FO UN DER : O sca r Bro u ss e Ja co bso n wa s bo r n o n M a y 16, 1882, in We s te rvik, K alm ar L a n, S w e d e n. O n S e p te m b e r 15, 1966, he d ie d in Nor man.

Ed ucated i n E u rope and A m e r i ca , O sca r Bro u ss e Ja co bso n t i re l e s s ly p rom ote d a ll arts to the y ou ng s tate . O ne g e nre , trad itional P la ins I nd ia n art , is n o w i nexorabl y bou nd to h i m a n d t o t h e U n i v e r si t y o f O k l a h o m a . B e c a u s e J a c ob s on he ld I nd ian p e op le in g ood re g a rd a nd tre a te d the m w ith re sp ec t, h e bec ame thei r c hamp i o n a n d m e n t o r. A pro l i fi c pa i n t e r o f S o uthw e s te r n land s c a p e s , J a c ob s on e x hib ite d his w ork throu g hou t the Unite d S tate s a nd Europe.

HIS T ORY OF THE AR TIST : TH E KIO WA FIV E T h e N a t i v e A m e r i ca n a r t i s ts w hom b e c am e know n as the " K iow a F ive " w e re J a m e s A u c hia h ( 1906-1974) , S penc er Asah (1905/ 1910- 1954), Ja ck H o k e a h (1 9 0 2 - 1 9 6 9 ), S t e ph e n M o pop e ( 1898-1974) , and M onroe Ts atoke ( 1904-1937) .

It is wel l - remembered tha t t h e se yo u n g m e n we re o cca s i o n a l l y h om e s ic k f or A na d a rko a nd the I nd ia n c om m u nity and that d u ring thos e tim e s they wo uld gather at the Jac obson H o u se t o s i n g, da n ce a n d t e l l K i o wa s t o rie s .

HIS T ORY OF THE HOUSE : F o l l o wi n g t h e de a t h o f O s ca r Ja co bso n i n 1966, the Hou s e b e c am e re ntal p rop e rty u ntil it w a s g if te d to the O U F ou nd a tio n a nd t h en sol d to the Uni versi ty.

Wh en Osc ar and Jeanne Ja co bs o n we re bu i l di n g t h e i r h o m e i n 1916 and 1917, the s hortag e s of World Wa r I m a d e e ve ry thing d if f ic u lt. The y p e rs isted an d c reated a marvel ous h o u s e . S e v e r a l m o t i fs a re ch a r a ct e r i s t i c ally S w e d is h. The c onne c ting d oor b e tw e e n the hou s e a nd g a rag e a nd the w ooden scrol l work ou tl i ni ng the ga r a ge wi n do ws a re a t r i bu t e t o Ja co bso ns S w e d is h he ritag e . S tu c c o w as a p op u la r e x te rior f inis h in S w e d e n a t the tu r n of the cen tu ry. Cl assi c al c ol u mn s a n d t h e ga l l e r y- l i k e fo r m a l l i v i n g spa c e g ive the inte rior a tim e le s s , s u nny atm os p he re e x p e rie nc e d b y a ll w ho e nte r. The b a c k p o rc h was per fec t for i ts u s e t o st a ge pl a ys a n d pe r fo r m a n ce s b y the m is tre s s of the hou s e . The H ou s e w as the n, a s now , a w ond e r f u l g athe ring pla c e an d g al l ery for experi enc i n g a r t a n d co n v e r s a t i o n . O n e ca n e a s ily im a g ine the K iow a F ive s ing ing a nd d ru m m ing to the e nj oy m e nt of a g a the ring o f guests.

J acobson desi gned thi s h i st o r i c h o u se i n a v e r y spe ci a l wa y wi t h nu m e rou s p as s ive c lim ate c ontrol f e atu re s . H e b u ilt it s o that f a m ily and g u e s ts w o uld n ev e r be separated from n a t u re u si n g F re n ch do o r s, de e p po rch e s , g e ne rou s w ind ow s a nd e lab orate g a rd e ns to b ring the ou td oors ins id e . I t e nc o ur a ges use of the g rou nds as an e x t e n s i o n o f t h e l i v i n g qu a r t e r s.

THE JACOBSON FO UN DAT IO N : T h e Ja co bso n F o u n da t i o n u s e s t h e p ow e r of a rt a nd the w ork of artis ts to c re a te u nd e rs tand ing of tra d itional valu es in o ur ev ol vi ng, ever- c hangi ng wo r l d. I n a n i m po r t a n t wa y, t h e go a l s o f O s c ar J a c ob s on, the te a c he r, and the a c hie ve m e nts of the N a tive P e op le s w ith who m h e worked are an exampl e o f h o w a l l pe o pl e ca n wo r k t o ge t h e r to p re s e rve a nd e x te nd w hat the e a rly A ra p aho a rtis t C a rl S w e e z y c a lle d ' the wa y p eo pl e were meant to l i v e .' c. EX TRA INFORMATION: DEFI N ATIO N S: Plains Indi ans: The Pl ai ns I n di a n s l i v e d i n t h e a re a o f o u r co u n t r y know n a s the G re a t P la ins . This c u ltu re g rou p of I nd ians is w e ll-know n f or the im po r ta nc e of the buf fal o, thei r rel i gi ous ceremoni es, the us e of the tepee, a nd their w ar-p ath cus tom s . They b elieved the god s s how ed them s elves in the for m of the sun , moon, stars, and an yt h i n g t h a t wa s s t ro n g o r s t r a n ge , s u ch as a n anim al, p e rs on, or e ve n a n od d -s hap e d s tone .

An important Pl ai ns c ere m o n y wa s ca l l e d t h e S u n D a n ce . T h e S un D anc e took p lac e in the s u m m e r m onths . I t w as a c e re m ony of c e le b ration.

Another i mportant dance wa s the G host D a nce. Thi s wa s a da nc e p er for m ed nightly in w hich the I ndians b elieved tha t they could s p ea k to the gods a nd t h eir anc estors. They al so be l i e v e d t h a t t h i s da n ce wo u l d h e l p ge t the ir land b a c k.

Th e way for a Pl ai ns Indi an wa r r i o r t o e a r n re spe ct wa s t h ro u gh b a ttle .

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Sit t ing Bu l l was one of the m o s t fa m o u s I n di a n C h i e fs o f t h e P l a i ns C u ltu re .

Kio w a: a member of a Pla i n s I n di a n pe o pl e o f t h e so u t h we st e r n U . S .

Swedi sh Styl e: Any thi ng pa l e , l i gh t , a i r y, a n d l u st ro u s i s po pu l a r w ith S w e d is h s ty le d e c ors . S inc e p ale w alls , f loors , a nd f u r nis hing s re f le c t the natur a l light, in t eri ors dec orated wi th t h i s st yl e a re ch e e r fu l , ca l m , a n d e v e n w ar m e ve n on the d arke s t w inte r d a y s .

T RIBES IN OKLAHOMA: Brief Hi story: E arl i est – Pre s e n t : Earliest Peri od - 1830 “Th e tri bes u su al l y desc ri be d a s i n di ge n o u s t o O k l a h o m a a t t h e t im e of E u rop e a n c ontac t inc lu d e the W ic hita s , C a d d os , P lains A p ac he s * ( c u rre ntly the Ap ac he Tri be), and the Q u a pa ws. F o l l o wi n g Eu ro pe a n a r r i v a l i n A m e ric a and c ons e q u e nt c u ltu ra l c ha ng e s , O s a g e s , P aw ne e s , K iow as a nd C om a nc hes m igrated i nto Okl ahoma, di spl a ci n g m o st o f t h e e a r l i e r pe o pl e s. A ng lo-A m e ric a n p re s s u re s in the Tra ns A p ala c hian We s t f orc e d na tive p e op le s a c ro ss th e Mi ssi ssi ppi Ri ver; man y i n cl u di n g D e l a wa re s , S h a wn e e s a n d K ic kap oos -f ou nd re f u g e or e c onom ic op p ortu nitie s in p re s e nt O kla hom a b e f ore 1830 Howe ver, some of those t r i be s spl i t i n t h e pro ce ss . “ List: Ab sentee Shaw nee Tri be Alabama Q u assarte Tri ba l To wn Ap ac he Tri be Cad do Tri be Ch erokee N ati on Ch eyenne- arapaho Tri bes Ch ic k asaw N ati on Ch oc taw N ati on Cit izen Potawatomi N ati o n Comanc he N ati on Dela ware N ati on Dela ware Tri be of Indi ans Euchee (Yu c hi ) Tri be of Indi a n s East er n Shawnee Tri be Fort Si l l Apac he Tri be Io wa Tri be of Okl ahoma Kaw N ati on of Okl ahoma Kialegee Tri bal Town Kickapoo Tri be Of Okl aho m a Kio w a Tri be Miami Nati on Modoc Tri be Musc ogee N ati on Osage N ati on Ot o e- Mi ssou ri a Tri be Ot t awa Tri be Pawnee Nati on Of Ok l ah o m a Peori a Tri be Of Indi ans O f O k l a h o m a Pon c a Nati on Quapaw Tri be Of Okl aho m a Sac & Fox N ati on Sem inol e N ati on Sen ec a- Cay u ga Tri be Of O k l a h o m a Sh awnee Tri be T h lo pthl oc c o Tri bal Town Ton kawa Tri be Un ited Keetoowah Band O f C h e ro k e e s W ichi ta & Af fi l i ated Tri be s Wyandotte N ati on

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 1 - i nti al i nfor m a tio n g a th e r in g lo cat io n ( 1 )

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UNITED STATES OKLA HOMA

N ORMAN , OK

N

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

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L ibrary Bar & Grill

W BO YD ST

Catlett M usic Center

chautau q ua

ave

JACOB SON HOU S E

N 1"=100'

0

100' 200'

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 1 - i nti al i nfor m a tio n g a th e r in g lo cat io n ( 3 ) _ Z O NI N G

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residential area

JACOB SON H OU S E

of o k lahoma the uni v ersity

N

LEGEND S i n gle Fa m i ly Dwe lli ng

Me dium Density Apar tment

O f f i ce Insti tut i ona l

Mu lti- Family Dwel l ing

1"=100'

0

100' 200'

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 1 - i nti al i nfor m a tio n g a th e r in g N atu ra l c o n d i t i o n s:

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HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 1 - i nti al i nfor m a tio n g a th e r in g T RIB ES I N OKLA HOMA :

8 A l ab am a Q ua s s a rt e Trib a l To w n K i al e ge e Tr i b a l To w n

A p ac he Tr i b e D e l aw are N at io n

D e l aw are Tr i b e o f I n d ia n s Eastern Shawnee Tribe Modoc Tribe Ottawa Tribe Peoria Tribe Of Indians Of Oklahoma Quapaw Tribe Of Oklahoma Seneca-Cayuga Tribe Of Oklahoma Shawnee Tribe United Keetoowah Band Of Cherokees Wyandotte Nation

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

B. PART2 - CLIENT INTERVIEW AND SITE INVENTORY CLIENT INTERVIEW a. I MPORTA N T CU LTU RAL IM F OR M A T I ON : 1 Osc ar Brou sse Jac obson , t h e i r ch a m pi o n a n d m e n t o r, i s t h e m o s t m e m ora b le p e op le .

2 Sin gi ng and danc i ng are t h e m a i n cu l t u r a l a ct i v i t i e s i n t h e h o u s e .

3 Osc ar Brou sse Jac obson bu i l t i t s o t h a t fa m i l y a n d gu e s t s wo u l d ne ve r b e s e p a rate d f rom na tu re u s ing F re nc h d oors , d e e p p orc he s , g e ne rou s windo ws an d el aborate g ardens to br i n g t h e o u t do o r s i n s i de . I t e n co u r a ge s u s e of the g rou nd s as a n e x te ns ion of the living q u a rte rs .

4 Fou r i mportant thi ngs: t h e bu f fa l o , t h e i r re l i gi o u s ce re m o n i e s , t h e u s e of the te p e e , and the ir w ar-p a th c u s tom s . b. ACTIVITIES A N D EVEN TS I M F OR M A T I ON : Ev ents and T i me: 1 In di an Tac o Tu esday W i t h T h e C a e s a r F a m i l y, Ev e r y Tu e s da y (be g inning 9/ 17) , 11a . m . -2p . m .

2 Powwow Si ng i ng, Every We dn e sda y n i gh t wi t h S o ci e t y o f N a t i v e A m e ric a n G e ntle m e n ( S . N . A . G . ) , Unive rs ity of O klahom a N ative A m e ric a n F ra te r nity , resumes September 18, 20 1 3 .

3 First Fri day Fl u te Ci rc l e, Ev e r y 1 st F r i da y o f t h e M o n t h F l u t e C i rcl e w ith D r. P a u la C onlon, 6: 30 p . m . – 8: 00 p . m .

Parti c i pants: Multi pl e (Chi l dren, E l der, Yo u t h , A du l t ) Eq uipment: Tab les, Chai rs, Bi g spac e fo r da n ci n g, P r i v a t e spa ce fo r so m e a ctivitie s . c. NEED S A N D OBJECTIVE S: 1 T h e materi al and spi ri tua l e n v i ro n m e n t O sca r Bro u s se Ja co bs o n c re ate d m a d e s e ns e f or the m , s o c lie nt w a nts the land s c a p e c an b ring the f e e l ings b ack.

T h e l andsc ape arc hi tec t n e e d re t a i n t h e o r i gi n a l l a n dsca pe a n d a rc hite c tu ra l s ty le tha t J ac ob s on ke p t.

2 T h e Su n Danc e and the G h o st D a n ce ca n n o t be h o l d be ca u s e of the land s c a p e a nd loc ation, c lie nt w ants to b e a b le to c arry ou t the s e a c tivi ties in th e fu tu re.

3 Client hopes that thi s ki n d o f cu l t u re ca n be pa i d m o re a t t e n t i o n b y the s oc ie ty and that the p u b lic c an g e t involve d .

4 Client wants some spac e t h a t t h e y ca n u se fo r a ct i v i t i e s o n t h e ra ining d a y s .

5 Clients wants to k eep a n i m a l s a wa y fro m t h e h o u s e , e spe ci a l l y s top a nim als d ig the hole u nd e r ne ath the hou s e .

6 T h e re i s an i ssu e that wa t e r wi l l be ga t h e r i n g i n t h e pa r k i n g l o t s and g oing to the b ac ky ard , w hic h w ill c au s e inc onve nie nt.

7 Client don’ t want to mo v e o l d t re e s.

8 Client needs to u se ou t do o r s pa ce t o h o l d s o m e a ct i v i t i e s s u ch a s d a nc ing and c ooking . H ow e ve r, b e c au s e the re is a b a r ne a rb y a nd the hou s e is in th e resi denti al area, they n e e d a pr i v a t e spa ce t h a t k e e p t h e v oic e in the b a c ky ard a nd p rote c t the m a w a y f rom the d ru nke n p e op le .

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SITE INVENTORY a. FACT 1 . VEGE TATIO N In t h e bac k yard, there are m o re t h a n 1 6 s pe ci e s o f pl a n t s , m o s t of the m are ta ll, m atu re , and have s e a s ona l c ha rac te ris tic s . D if f e re nt p lant te x tures a nd sh apes are g ood l andsc a pe fe a t u re s , bu t t h e y a re di so r ga n i ze d a nd c re ate d a lar g e u s e le s s a re a w ithou t s u ns hine .

So m e shru bs c overed the e dge a n d co r n e r o f t h e bu i l di n gs . H e dg e , as a kind of nic e f e nc e , or g a niz e d the s p ac e of s m all p a rking lot. The s m all pla nt com bi nati ons, arou nd the s m a l l si gn bo a rd, a t t r a ct e d t h e v i s u a l c e nte r. H ow e ve r, the p lants looke d te rrib le , the re as on s hou ld b e tha t the s tu f f d o es no t h av e mu c h ti me and mone y t o t a k e ca re o f t h e m .

Th e fol l ow i ng i s the pl ant l i st .

2 . T OPOGRAPHY Th e lowest el evati on poi n t i s l o ca t e d i n t h e ba ck ya rd, wh i ch ca us e d a lot of w a te r c olle c te d b e tw e e n the J ac ob s on hou s e and the b ig p a rking lo t. T he h igh est el evati on poi nt i s o n t h e wa l k wa y n e a r t h e Bo yd S t .

Th e di f ferent of enti re si te ’ s e l e v a t i o n i s wi t h i n t wo fe e t i n h e i gh t , and the m ax im u m d if f e re nt of e le vation in the b ac ky ard is e q u al or le s s than one f o o t.

It is di f fi c u l t to vi su al l y dist i n gu i sh di f fe re n t i n e l e v a t i o n .

3 . DRAINAG E Th ere ju st tw o manhol e i n t h e s i t e , a n d t h e y h a v e n ’ t co n si de re d w ith the low e r e le va tion. B e c a u s e the ac c u m u lation of w ate r, the re is f or m e d lowla nd t h at i s al ways w ed and m u ddy. S o t h i s a re a i s n o t e a sy t o a cce s s a nd p e op le c a nnot s e e the p a ve m e nt ha ving b e e n c onc e ale d .

4 . CIRCULATIO N Ev en the dri vew ays are re a l l y cl e a r, bu t t h e re i s n o t a v e r y st a n dard iz e d tra ns p ort s y s te m . S om e s im p le s tone s f or m e d p a th w hic h f rom the p a rking lo t to t h e hou ses, bu t they are n o t o bv i o u s r i gh t n o w, I fe e l fre e r h u m a n b e ha vior in the y a rd .

5 . UTILITIE S In t h e si te, there are som e po we r u t i l i t i e s. T h e i r a ppe a r a n ce de st roy e d the b e a u ty of the la nd s c a p e , and the w ire s is a p ote ntial ris k f a c tor f or c h ildren an d al so for adu l ts, bu t th e y a re i n di s pe n s a bl e .

6 . ACTIVITIES Th e mai n ac ti vi ti es are ha v i n g l u n ch , s i n gi n g, a n d da n ci n g. Be ca u s e the lim ite d s p ac e a nd the re s id e ntia l are a arou nd the m , the y c annot re ally enj o y t h e ac ti vi ti es. Some nei g h bo r s wh o wi l l co m pl a i n t h e l o u dl y s o u n d , p e op le w ho f rom the lib rary b a r w ill inte r f e re the a c tivity , a nd the b ad w e ather …. a re im p ortant fac tors af fec tin g a ct i v i t i e s .

Th e ac ti vi ti es need a bi g a n d co n v e n i e n t spa ce , n o t j u s t a cco rding to a lot of m e m b e rs , b u t als o b e c au s e s om e tim e s the y ha ve to u s e s om e e q uip ment.

7 . ST RUCTURES Th e stru c tu re of the si te is re a l l y si m pl e a n d cl e a r.

Th e Jac obson Hou se i s an a r t ce n t e r, a n d t h e s m a l l h o u se i s t h e of f ic e and als o a s tora g e room .

8 . HARDSCAPE Th ere are pavements i n t h e t wo pa r k i n g l o t s a n d t h e wa l k wa y, a nd s om e roc ks in the b ac ky ard .

So m e c hai rs and fl ow erbe ds a re i n t h e o u t si de . A n d t wo s i gn bo a rd s a re a t the f ront of the J a c ob s on hou s e .

Th ere i s not a l ot hardsc a pe fa ct o r s , bu t t h a t i s e n o u gh fo r t h e a c tivitie s and ke e p e ve ry thing m ore na tu ral.

9 . ADJOI N IN G Fo r peopl e i n resi denti al a re a s, t h i s h o u se se e m s o u t o f pl a ce , be c a u s e it is s om e tim e s too nois y a nd it ha s u na ttrac tive a p p e a ranc e a s a n art c e nter. Fo r t h e members of the hou s e , t h e s i t e ca n n o t re a so n a bl y u se a n d i f the y c om b ine d the b a c ky ard w ith the p ark, the y w ill b e c los e r to the b a r a nd d runk en p eo pl e wi l l af fec t the ac t i v i t i e s .

1 0 . PHOTOS- VI EWS b. MAIN ISSU ES 1 Th e l andsc ape arc hi tec t n e e d re t a i n t h e o r i gi n a l l a n dsca pe a nd arc hite c tu ra l s ty le tha t J ac ob s on ke p t.

2 Th e l owest el evati on po i n t i s l o ca t e d i n t h e ba ck ya rd, wh i ch cau s e d a lot of w a te r c olle c te d b e tw e e n the J ac ob s on hou s e and the b ig p a rking lo t.

3 B ecau se the l i mi ted spa ce a n d t h e re s i de n t i a l a re a a ro u n d t h e m , the y c a nnot re ally e nj oy the ac tivitie s .

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 3 - SI TE I NV ENTO R Y a . FAC T 1 . V EG E TAT ION

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HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 3 - SI TE I NV ENTO R Y a . FAC T 2 . T OPOGRAP HY 3 . DRAI NAG E

12

T H E L OW E S T E L E V A T ION POIN T

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 3 - SI TE I NV ENTO R Y a . FAC T 4 . CIRC U LAT ION

13

L E GE N D PA RK IN G L O T S BU IL D IN G V E H ICL E RO U T ( T O T H E PA R K I NG L O T S ) V E H ICL E RO U T ( S T RE E T ROAD) PA T H W A Y

J A COBS ON H OU S E

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 3 - SI TE I NV ENTO R Y a . FAC T 5 . U T ILI T I E S

14

L E GE N D POW E R L IN E S W A T E R L IN E S E L E CT RICA L W R I NG C O L U M N

J A COBS ON H OU S E

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 3 - SI TE I NV ENTO R Y a . FAC T 6 . AC T IVI T I E S

15

A CIT V IT IE S A RE A

PA RK IN G L OT S 1

STOR ER OOM

J A COBS ON H OU S E A CT IV IT IE S A RE A

OF F ICE S T ORE ROOM

PAR KING L OTS 2

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 3 - SI TE I NV ENTO R Y a . FAC T 8 . H ARDSCAP E

16

L E GE N D PA V E M E N T ROCK M A T E RIAL

JA COBS ON H OU S E

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 3 - SI TE I NV ENTO R Y a . FAC T 9 . ADJOIN I NG

17 L E GE N D T H E IN F L U E N C E AR E A O F NO I S E F ROM J A COBS O N HO U S E L IBRA RY BA R

T H E IN F L U E N C E AR E A O F NO I S E F ROM L IBRA RY B AR

J A COBS ON H OU S E

RE S ID E N T IA L A RE A

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 3 - SI TE I NV ENTO R Y a . FAC T 1 0 . P H O T OS - VI E W S

18

A

B F D

H A

B

C

C

G

E

D

E

F G

H

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

OBJECTIVES

Protect the overall tone of the Jacobson House; Change the elevation to make the drain system more reasonable; Organize the space and create aesthetic and functional landscape.

C. PART3 – DESIGN a. O BJECTIVES A N D CONCEPT Usin g the same materi al st yl e , t h e de si gn e r do e s n ’ t de s i gn bi g a re a of p ave m e nt. The d e s ig ne r try to u s e w hite -y e llow c olor tha t is s im ilar to the Jacobson hou se and si mpl e pl a n j u st l i k e t h e o r i gi n a l s t yl e o f t h e s ite .

T h e arc hi tec t desi gned a st o n e po o l a n d a sh o r t br i dge . W h e n i t is s u nny d a y , the w hite s tone looks p u re a nd c le a ning . A f te r raining d a y , p e op le c a n keep water or l et water go i n t o t h e dr a i n .

Con si deri ng the c l i ent w a n t s t o i m pro v e t h e a t t r a ct i o n , i de n t i fi a b ility a nd e m otion of the J ac ob s on H ou s e , the arc hite c t c om e s ou t thre e e le m e nts o f co n c ept whi c h are c ol or, l i gh t a n d a ct i v i t y. b. SOLUTION S 1 DESIG N E LE MENTS T h e arc hi tec t u ses broken ci rcl e s , l i n e s a n d cu r v e s t o do o r ga n i za tion of the s ite .

T h e l i nes and c u rves defin e o r bo u n d a n e dge , bu t n o t a l wa ys t h e ou ts id e e d g e . The y c an d e f ine a s p ac e a nd ve rtic al e le m e nts .

T h e arc hi tec t u se l i ght c ol o r fo r h a rd l a n dsca pe i n t h e ba ck ya rd a nd e y e -c atc hing c olor f or the w all ne ar the s tre e t. This c om b ina tion of c olor m ak es the sit e more attrac ti ve and h a r m o n y.

Axis: A lin e establ i shed by tw o po i n t s i n spa ce , a bo u t wh i ch fo r m s a n d s p ac e s c a n b e arra ng e d in a s y m m e tric al or b ala nc e d m anne r.

T h e arc hi tec t desi gned a n a x i s t h o u gh t h e ce n t r a l l i n e o f t h e Ja c ob s on H ou s e f rom w e s t to e a s t. W he n p e op le are g oing throu g h the hou s e into the b ackyard, they w ou l d feel t h e ch a n ge s o f s pa ce a n d a l s o t h e i m p orta nt m e a ning of the hou s e .

2 SPACE S AND FO UNDATIO N S Grid : Sp ac es or g ani zed w i thi n t h e fi e l d o f a s t r u ct u r a l gr i d o r o t h e r t h re e -d im e ns ional f ram e w ork.

On the si te, Gri d i s u sed i n t h e pl a ygro u n d.

Cen tral i zed A central , domi nant spac e a bo u t wh i ch a n u m be r o f s e co n da r y s p ac e s are g rou p e d . C e ntra liz e d w a s u s e d in the m id d le of b a c ky ard .

Lin ear: A lin ear sequ enc e of rep e t i t i v e spa ce s. A l o n g t h e ce n t r a l a x i s , pe op le j u s t ha ving a e x p e rie nc e of line ar s p a c e .

Sp ace wi thi n a (Spati al re l a t i o n sh i ps ) A sp ac e may be c ontai ne d wi t h i n t h e v o l u m e o f a l a r ge s pa ce .

T h e spac e of ac ti vi ty are a i s a t t h e ce n t e r o f o u t do o r di n n i n g sp a c e .

In t erl oc k i ng Spac es (Spa t i a l re l a t i o n s h i ps) T h e fi el d of a spac e may o v e r l a p t h e v o l u m e o f a n o t h e r spa ce .

T h e pl ay grou nd area i s l o ca t e d o n t h e pa t h wa y s pa ce .

Ad jac ent Spac es (Spati a l re l a t i o n sh i ps ) T wo spac es may abu t each o t h e r o r sh a re a co m m o n bo rde r.

T h is ki nd of rel ati onshi p i s u se d a l o t i n t h i s pro j e ct Sp aces Li nked by a Comm o n S pa ce (S pa t i a l re l a t i o n s h i ps) T wo spac es may rel y on an i n t e r m e di a r y s pa ce fo r t h e i r re l a t i o n sh ip s .

T h e pl ay grou nd area c onn e ct s pa t h wa y s pa ce a n d o u t do o r di n n ing s p a c e .

3 CIRCULATIO N SYMS TERM Ap p roac h It ob sc u res the di sti nc ti on be t we e n i n si de a n d o u t si de .

En t ranc e It is a transi ti onal spac e be t we e n t wo s pa ce s , su ch a s fro m o u t si d e to ins id e .

T h e approac h and entrance a re re a l l y cl e a r a n d e a s y t o go , pe op le c a n q u ic kly re ac h the d e s tina tion if the y w a lk a long the p ath.

Con fi gu rati on of the Path (P.2 3 ) It lo oks l i k e an experi enc e t h a t we a re t a k e n t h ro u gh a se qu e n ce of s p ac e s to ou r d e s tination.

For m of the Ci rc u l ati on Spa ce (P a t h - S pa ce R e l a t i o n s h i ps) T h e spac es, throu gh the pa t h , h a v e t h e i r o wn fo r m s, a n d t h e re a re s om e ty p e s , s u c h a s c orrid ors , halls , g a lle rie s , s tairw ay s and room s .

On the desi gn pl an, there a re so m e di f fe re n t fo r m s t h ro u gh t h e p ath, a nd p e op le c a n have a g ood e x p e rie nc e to f e e l the s p ac e a nd the f u nc tio ns.

3

Wait i ng Spac e (Path- Spa ce R e l a t i o n sh i ps ) Based on the peopl e’ s ex pe r i e n ce s a n d t h e fu n ct i o n s , t h e wa i t i n g s p a c e is a n are a to w ait.

Wait i ng spac es are c l ose d t o t h e bu i l di n g, a n d a l wa ys h a v e a ba c kg rou nd b y u s ing w a ll, s o p e op le c a n f e e l s a ve w he n the y a re s itting in the re .

Mov ing to the Desti nati on (P a t h - S pa ce R e l a t i o n sh i ps ) Based on the peopl e’ s ex pe r i e n ce s a n d t h e fu n ct i o n s , m o v i n g t o the d e s tination re ve aling e x p e rie nc e of vis itors to a f a c ility .

Dest i nati on i s the pu rpose o f wh y pe o pl e a re wa l k i n g, bu t t h e pro c e s s of w alking is als o ve ry im p orta nt and the or g a niz ation of s p ac e s w ill a f f e c t p eopl e's emoti ons.

Arriv al at the Ac ti vi ty De st i n a t i o n (P a t h - S pa ce R e l a t i o n sh i ps ) Based on the peopl e’ s ex pe r i e n ce s a n d t h e fu n ct i o n s , i t m e a n s g e tting at the he a rt of the a c tivity .

T h e heart of the ac ti vi ty a re a i s a t t h e ba ck ya rd o f Ja co bso n H o u s e , and this s p ac e c an ac c om m od a te a lot of p e op le . I t is e a s y and c onve nie n t to use it .

En gagi ng In The Tar get A ct i v i t y (P a t h - S pa ce R e l a t i o n sh i ps ) Based on the peopl e’ s ex pe r i e n ce s a n d t h e fu n ct i o n s , En ga gi n g in the tar g e t a c tivity is the re p re s e nting the f u nc tions of the f ac ility .

Facili ti es are very i mporta n t , i n t h i s ca se , de s i gn e r u s e a t t r a ct i v e f a c ility in the p la y g rou nd to e nc ou ra g e c hild re n to p la y a nd s ta y . I n the othe r p a r ts o f d esign, the fac i l i ti es are s i m pl e a n d pe r fe ct l y fi t wi t h t h e s t yl e o f J a c ob s on H ou s e .

Dep arti ng The Desti nati on (P a t h - S pa ce R e l a t i o n sh i ps ) Based on the peopl e’ s ex pe r i e n ce s a n d t h e fu n ct i o n s , t h i s i m po r tant tra ns ition alw a y s m e a ns tha t it is tim e to le a ve .

T h e whol e desi gn i s try to a t t r a ct pe o pl e t o ge t i n t h e si t e a n d s p e nd s om e tim e to u nd e rs tand and le ar n the N a tive A m e ric a n art, to le t p e op le ha ve co m mu ni c ati ons w i th nat i v e cu l t u re a n d n a t u re ,, a n d t o gi v e pe op le a n e m otiona l s a tis f a c tion and hap p ine s s w he n the y a re le a ving .

Sp ati al Hi erarc hy (Path- S pa ce R e l a t i o n sh i ps ) T h e sequ enc es of spac es t h ro u gh e n v i ro n m e n t s s h o u l d pro gre ss f rom the le s s p rivate to the m ore p riva te .

T h e path on the g raphi c i s a pro ce ss fro m t h e l e s s pr i v a t e t o t h e m ore p riva te and f rom the p rivate to the le s s p rivate .

Sp ati al Depth (Path- Spac e R e l a t i o n sh i ps ) Sp ati al depth refers to the n u m be r o f s pa ce s we m u st go t h ro u gh to g e t f rom one p oint in an e nvironm e nt to anothe r.

In th i s c ase, the nu mber o f s pa ce s i s a , b, c, d, e , f, g.

Sociofu g al and Soc i opeta l S pa ce s (P a t h - S pa ce R e l a t i o n s h i ps) T h ese two types of spac e s a re a bo u t t h e pe r so n a l spa ce zo n e s a nd how w e c an te nd to p lac e na tu rally b e tw e e n othe rs a nd ou rs e lve s .

Sociofu g al Spac e i s desi g n e d t o di s co u r a ge i n t e r a ct i o n a n d co mm u nic a tion w ith othe rs .

In th i s c ase, soc i ofu gal spa ce s a re a ro u n d t h e t wo bu i l di n gs , a n d s oc iop e ta l s p ac e is a t ou td oor d inning a re a in the b a c ky ard .

4 LIGHTIN G T h ere are more l i g hts des i gn e d n e a r t h e s t re e t , a n d t h e s e l i gh t s are he lp p e op le to id e ntif y the d e s tination a nd attrac t p e op le to s e e J a c ob s on H o use.

T h ere al so some l i g hts de s i gn e d i n t h e st o n e po o l , t h e y h e l p pe o p le to s e e the p a thw a y , and the y b e a u tif y the e nvironm e nt a t nig ht at the s am e time.

5 MATE RIAL Archi tec t who wants to cre a t e a k i n d o f fe e l i n g o f h o m e ch o o se s f re s h a nd natu ral m a te rials e x c e p t la nd s c a p e w a ll that s hou ld b e a ttrac tive a nd the sam e hu e wi th the hou se .

6 PLAN TS Plan t spec i es are basi c al l y t h e sa m e wi t h t h e o r i gi n a l s pe ci e s ; h o w e ve r, a rc hite c t d e s ig ne d m ore b ig tre e s on b oth s id e s of the s ite and m ore s hrub a nd sm all trees i n the mi ddl e. T h e pl a n t i n g a r r a n ge m e n t i s co n n e ct i n g w ith the s p atia l re la tions hip s and c irc u la tion s y s te m .

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 4 - D ESI GN PART a O BJEC T IV E S A N D CON CEPT

22

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

part 4 - D ESI GN PAR T a SOL UTIONS p art 4 - D ESI GN PART 1 . DESIGN ELEMENTS - Mate r pl an 23

LE G END

+4.76

+5. 15

f.

g.

+3.50

+5.00

e.

+4.56

+4.70

+5.50

d.

+5.00

a.

h. +4.38

+5.00

BOYD ST .

+4.78

2 NG AR E A a+ . 4.9 PARKI b. AR T CE NTE R c. OFFICE d. LA NDSCAP E FE ATURE e. SUN SAIL SHAD E f. OUTDOOR DINNING g . PLAYGROUND h. STONE POOL

+ 5 . 26

+5.98

b. +5.98

c. +4.46 +4.28

a. +5. 12

+5.14

+5.06

+5.50

+5.26

N

CHAUTAUQUA AVE.

+4 .9 8

0

5

15 1"-10'

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 4 - D ESI GN PART a SOL UT ION S 1 . D ESIGN E L E M E NT S - s ecti on

PATHWAY s treet

lands ca p e fe ature

24

PARKI N G

ent r anc e

parking

s ign

N

0

5

15 1 "-1 0 '

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 4 - D ESI GN PART

+ 4.76

a SOL UT ION S 1 . D ESIGN E L E M E NT S - s UB-AREA PLAN

25

e. + 3.50

d.

f. +4 . 7 0

+ 5.00

c. b.

LEG END a. b. c. d. e. f.

N

+5 . 5 0

s to ne p ool bridge parki ng a rea pathway d ra i n & li ght SUN SAIL SHADE 0

5

a.

10 1"-5'

+ 3.50

+ 4.38 +5 . 0 0 HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 4 - D ESI GN PART a SOL UT ION S 1 . D ESIGN E L E M E NT S - s UB-AREA SECTION

S UN SAIL SH ADE

26

STONE POOL

DRAI N

N

0

5

10 1 " -5 '

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 4 - D ESI GN PART a SOL UT ION S 2 . SPAC E S A N D FO U NDATIONS

27

LEGEND OP EN SPACE

CLOSE SPACE

N

0

5

15 1 " -1 0 '

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 4 - D ESI GN PART a SOL UT ION S 2 . SPAC E S A N D FO U NDATIONS

28

LEGEND education area outdoor dinning playground activity area exhibition room plants area office parking area

N

0

5

15 1 " -1 0 '

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 4 - D ESI GN PART a SOL UT ION S 2 . SPAC E S A N D FO U NDATIONS-PERSP ECTIVE

29

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 4 - D ESI GN PART a SOL UT ION S 3 . CIRC U LAT ION SYMST E RM

30

LEGEND around 'jacobson house' : Vehicle bicycle INto 'jacobson house': Pedestrian bicycle near 'jacobson house': Pedestrian bicycle

N

0

5

15 1 " -1 0 '

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 4 - D ESI GN PART a SOL UT ION S 3 . CIRC U LAT ION SYMST E RM

31

LEGEND

d

e

c

a . GOI NG TH RO U G H : E X H I B I TION ARE A E D U CATION ARE A

g f

b . GOI NG TH RO U G H & R E S TI NG ARE A : E X H I B I TION ARE A E D U CATION ARE A

e

b

d

f

c . GOI NG TH RO U G H : PLAYGRO U ND ARE A

c

d . GOI NG TH RO U G H & R E S TI NG ARE A : AC TIVI TY ARE A

b

a g

e . GOI NG TH RO U G H : AC TIVI TY ARE A

a

f.

N

GOI NG TH RO U G H : p lants are a

0

5

15 1 " -1 0 '

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 4 - D ESI GN PART a SOL UT ION S 4 . LIGH TI NG

32

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 4 - D ESI GN PART a SOL UT ION S 5 . MAT E RIAL

33

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

DESIGN PROJECT 2 - JACOBSON HOUSE

p art 4 - D ESI GN PART a SOL UT ION S 6 . PLAN T S

34

JUNIPERUS SP. JUNIPER

PLATANUS OCCIDENTALIS SYCAMORE LAGERSTROMEIA INDICA CREPE MYRTLE

PYRUS CALLERYANA CALLERY PEAR

NANDINA SP. DWARF NANDINA

quercus shumardii shumard OAK LIRIOPE SPICATA LILYTURF

EUONYMUS ALATUS BURNING BUSH

CERCIS CANADENSIS EASTERN REDBUD

ILEX SPP. HOLLY

CARYA ILLINOINENSIS PECAN ROSEA SP. KNOCKOUT ROSE

HEMOCRALIS SP. DAYLILY

CELTIS OCCIDENTALIS COMMON HACKBERRY

ACER SACCHARNUM SUGAR MAPLE

HEJUN WEN, THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, DIVISION OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, LA5515, PROFFESOR WILLIAMS

C. PART4 –BIBLIOGRAPHY:

[1 ] Oscar Brou sse Jac obson: R e t ro s pe ct i v e Ex h i bi t i o n , U n i v e r si t y o f O klahom a M u s e u m of A rt, S e p te m b e r 17-O c tob e r 8, 1961 [ E x hib it C a ta log u e ] ( N or ma n: T h e Museu m, 1961).

[2 ] "Osc ar Jac obson," Verti ca l F i l e , R e s e a rch D i v i s i o n , O k l a h o m a H i st oric a l S oc ie ty , O kla hom a C ity , O klahom a . J oy B e lt R e e d and M a rk E ve re tt, E a rly Oklah o ma Arti sts and Maste r Te a ch e r s [ Ex h i bi t i o n Bro ch u re ] (N . p.: JR B A rt at The E lm s , 2004) .

[3 ] Sch w arz, O. D. Pl ai ns Indi a n C u l t u re : A s Ex pre s se d i n M yt h a n d R i tu al, a nd in the E thic s of the C u ltu re . A nn A rb or, MI : Univ. M ic rof ilm s I nte r na t. 1981.

Prin t .

[4 ] www.jac obsonhou se.c om [5 ] h tt p :/ / www.theameri c ani n di a n ce n t e r.o r g/o k l a h o m a - t r i ba l - h i s t o r y [6 ] Duerk, Donna P. (1993). A rch i t e ct u r a l P ro gr a m m i n g: I n fo r m a t i o n M ana g e m e nt f or D e s ig n. N e w York: Van N os tra nd R e inhold .

[7 ] Alexa nder, C. Ishi k awa, S . & S i l v e r st e i n , M . (1 9 9 7 ). A P a t t e r n L a n g u a g e . N e w York: O x f ord Unive rs ity P re s s .

[8 ] D. K. Chi ng, F. (2007). Arch i t e ct u re : F o r m , S pa ce , & O rde r 3 rd. N e w J e rs e y : J ohn W ily & S ons , I nc .

[9 ] J. Rengel , R. (2003). Shap i n g I n t e r i o r S pa ce 2 n d. N e w Yo r k : F a i rch ild P u b lic ations , I nc .

[1 0 ] Lyn c h, K. (1960). The Ima ge o f t h e C i t y. C a m br i dge , M a ss . & L o nd on, E ng land : The MI T P re s s .

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