Outdoorsman 09-17-15

SEPTEMBER 17, 2015 • THE OUTDOORSMAN • PAGE 1

The

Outdoorsman September 17, 2015

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PAGE 2 • THE OUTDOORSMAN • SEPTEMBER 17, 2015

Finding game after it has been shot

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to wait at least 30 minutes before beginning your search.

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The wait

Unless you know that the animal was fatally shot, it is always better to wait at least 30 minutes before beginning your search.

This waiting period should be extended if your shot wasn’t life-threatening.

Start your tracking Unless you know that the animal was fatally shot, it is recommended sooner, however,

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The search

Move slowly and silently towards your point of reference, looking for signs of injury (drops of blood and hair) and tracks while marking your route at regular intervals with trail marking tape. Of course, if you’re hunting with a guide, your task will be much easier.

Lastly, keep in mind that you have to know your own limits and those of the weapon you’re using before firing at game. It would be awful to lose out on fresh venison by uselessly injuring a deer or by not taking all possible steps to find where it went down.

The direction

Be sure to take note of the last place the game was seen before it disappeared into the woods. Do this by selecting a landmark or by using a compass or GPS. This operation is vital, especially if the game was shot towards the end of the day, as dusk is descending.

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if it is raining or snowing, as tracks or other signs left by the game could quickly disappear.

After shooting large game, beginners and seasoned hunters alike can feel an adrenaline rush that causes them to make mistakes when retrieving their prize. Of course, it’s not hard to find the animal when it falls close to where it was shot, no matter what type of hunting weapon is used. However, if that is not the case, hunters must be very methodical and follow some basic rules in order to find their kill. These skills are a point of honor for any sport hunter.

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SEPTEMBER 17, 2015 • THE OUTDOORSMAN • PAGE 3

Prep pointers for the upcoming hunting season Hunting is a popular hobby and sport enjoyed by millions of people across North America. Over the last 10 years, data from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service indicates that more and more females are taking up hunting.

Hunting seasons vary depending on where you live. Regulations designed by local conservation, game, fish, and wildlife departments often dictate the start and end of hunting season.

Although the licensing, seasons, limits, and fees for hunting may differ geographically, the preparation that goes into getting ready for hunting season is similar regardless of geography.

Many seasoned hunters realize hunting season does not begin on “opening day.” Rather, it can take weeks or months to get ready for a successful season. Considering hunting seasons can be brief, preparation helps hunters make the most of their time spent in the field.

• Purchase your license, tag or stamp. Many wildlife departments require hunters register in advance of the season, and this registration includes securing a hunting license.

Because there is a limit to how many animals each hunter can hunt, tags for the animals they’re hunting also will be issued. Hunters planning on going out for the season should stay apprised of when licensing and registration begins and ends so they can hunt legally.

• Scout areas. The landscape can change from year to year depending on a host of factors, including construction, commercialization and weather. Areas once open to hunting

may now be restricted lands. Map out your potential hunting location and be aware of any new landmarks or changes.

• Check and replenish gear. Inspect weaponry, field-dressing supplies, clothing, and other supplies for wear and tear. Address any issues that need to be fixed, or replace items as necessary. If a rifle, bow or shotgun hasn’t been fired in a while, take it to a range to verify accuracy and sighting.

If you hunt out of a tree stand or blind, make sure it is sturdy and in good condition prior to use.

• Get in shape. Hunting often requires hiking in and out of the great outdoors in various terrain. It’s helpful to increase physical activity leading up to the hunt to prepare your body for the physical demands of hunting.

• Organize and pack gear. Ensure your equipment is clean, in working order and packed away in your travel bags. Establish a system of organization and a checklist so you’re certain you will have what you need. Don’t forget to bring along your hunting license and animal tags; otherwise, you may be levied with costly fines.

• Always hunt safely. It is quite easy to get swept up in the moment when tracking game. Don’t let overzealousness cloud rational judgement and safety precautions. Otherwise an injury or even death can occur.

Hunting season is on the horizon and that means preparing now for the few weeks of sport to come.

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PAGE 4 • THE OUTDOORSMAN • SEPTEMBER 17, 2015

Black bears are sly little foxes

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Depending on the area and the chosen hunting zone, black bears are hunted in the spring and/or fall.

These animals can be found just about everywhere in our forests, and they frequent areas where there are waterways. Black bears are omnivores and eat just about everything they can forage. They are solitary animals except during the annual rut. Just like other big game, they regularly follow the same trails and are more active in the morning and at the end of the day.

Choosing the right spot for bear hunting is hugely important. Before setting up a stand, which should be set up close to some water, hunters should look for signs of bears travelling through the area, including any scat. It is very rare to actually see black bears during scouting trips. Bears can smell

humans over long distances and are extremely wary.

Hunting from a stand that is at least ten feet high is recommended, no matter what type of hunting weapon is used. The bait site should be at an appropriate distance from the stand, depending on the weapon to be used and the geography of the chosen hunting site. For a bow or crossbow, the bait should be placed about 20 yards from the hide; 55 yards is ideal for a gun.

To quickly attract the bear to your bait, the use of a bear bomb is essential. Orient your bait in such a way that the animal’s vital organs are in your sights. Site baiting has to be done on a regular basis in order to fool the bear more easily.

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What should be in a hunter’s backpack?

One of the most important pieces of equipment for hunters is a well-packed backpack or shoulder bag. Loaded with a few select essentials, it should be taken every time you go scouting or hunting. Be sure to choose a pack that is comfortable, weatherproof, and noiseless (doesn’t make swooshing sounds as you walk). Waterproof camouflage fabric is preferable but not essential.

The extras you pack may depend on the distance you have to cover between your vehicle and your camp, but some articles should always stay in the pack. Here is a basic list of the items to be included:

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pack should be with you every time you step out into the bush. Think of it not as your suitcase, but as your survival kit; you should always have with you the basics you’d need to stay warm and protected if you ever lost your way or got injured and couldn’t walk out.

Every time you go hunting, tell someone where you are going and when you plan to be back. Ensure that you contact this person in case of delay, either by cell or satellite phone or with the new satellite messenger technology, called “SPOT”. It is also recommended that hunters complete a first aid and survival course before venturing into the wilderness. Happy hunting!

• - a multi-purpose tool with a blade and small saw; • - a survival blanket; • - a reliable source of fire; • - a whistle; • - a compass with a map of the area; • - a GPS with spare batteries; • - a flashlight; • - a small survival kit (sold in big box stores, the size of a tin of sardines); • - a small first-aid kit; • - rope; • - brass wire (for building a shelter or a snare); • - an orange trash bag; • - a water bottle; • - trail marking tape.

If the weather is cold, bring along a small thermos with a hot drink, and don’t forget a few energy bars or a snack. This

SEPTEMBER 17, 2015 • THE OUTDOORSMAN • PAGE 5

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PAGE 6 • THE OUTDOORSMAN • SEPTEMBER 17, 2015

Camping is a popular outdoor activity that attracts many enthusiasts year after year. Some people camp every month while others only have time for one great excursion into the wilderness each year.

This year, millions of camping trips will take place across the country.

Preparation is key to a successful camping trip. Whether campers plan to spend one night or several in the great outdoors, there are certain tips to follow to ensure your trip is as fun and safe as possible.

Gear

In order to be comfortable, stock up on camping gear. Tents, sleeping bags and other gear need not be the most expensive. Quality, moderately priced gear works well, too. With care and maintenance, camping gear can last for several years.

A tent will be your first line of defense against the outdoors. Although plenty of people prefer to sleep out under the stars, a tent is a place to avoid inclement weather and insects and have a little privacy. Your tent need not be too big, unless you plan to share it with many of your fellow campers. Since you will be spending the

Get ready for camping season

majority of your time outdoors, don’t feel pressured to buy the tent equivalent of a three-room suite. A good tent should be sturdy, weather-resistant and large enough to fit the people who will be sleeping in it during your trip.

Invest in a pad to place on the floor of the tent to shield you from the hard ground. The pad will make sleeping more comfortable. If you will be sleeping during warm-weather months, you don’t have to worry about an expensive sleeping bag. An average-weight one will be just fine. Don’t forget to pack a pillow.

A cooler filled with foods and drinks will tide you over for the trip. If you plan to cook, you will need to bring the ingredients for meals. Otherwise sandwiches should suffice. Some campgrounds have grills and picnic tables available. Otherwise, you can cook hot dogs right over your open campfire.

Where to camp

Campsites may be public or private.

Public campgrounds are generally funded by tax dollars and maintained by parks departments or government offices. They may be free to enter or charge a nominal fee for use. Because of the low cost involved, they may be quite popular and crowded during peak camping season.

Private campsites are run by private companies or individuals and may also feature RV hookups. In many instances, private campsites sell memberships to interested parties, which gives

access to certain private areas. They may have more amenities than public campsites. Private sites also may employ security personnel and maintenance crews to ensure the areas are clean and safe and to enforce campground rules. This may not be the case at public campsites, where conditions may be inconsistent from site to site.

An online search of both public and private campsites nearby can help you determine which option best suits you.

Consider national parks, national forests and even the Army Corps of Engineers, which manages many recreational areas.

Avoid critters

Animals and insects are part of the camping experience. While they are unavoidable, there are some measures you can take to reduce the propensity for bothersome bug bites or clever critters raiding the cooler.

Keeping a clean campsite is perhaps the most effective animal and insect deterrent. Ants and animals are attracted to food bits scattered around the site, so be sure to gather trash and dispose of it properly each day. Try not to store food on the ground.

Whenever possible, keep food locked away in an airtight cooler or other container.

Dry foods can be stored under lock and key in the car. Racoons, squirrels, birds, and skunks all have been known to patrol campgrounds for an easy meal. Also, you don’t want to lure in larger predators, such as bears or wild cats.

To avoid insects, steer clear of perfumed products. Keep lights dim at night, as bright lights attract mosquitoes and other biting bugs. Use appropriate insect repellents to help further repel bugs.

Closer isn’t always better

Many new campers make the mistake of choosing campsites that are in close

proximity to bathrooms and clubhouses and other reminders of civilization. But these areas tend to feature heavy foot and car traffic and can make for a noisy experience. To avoid the lights, sounds and bustle of too many people, stick with campsites farther off the beaten path. You may need to walk a little farther, but you will likely enjoy a more peaceful camping experience.

Plan for the wetness

Even if it doesn’t rain, dew is an

inevitable part of camping outdoors. Warm i weather with high humidity can make dew even more plentiful. Use a shower curtain i c or another plastic impenetrable liner beneath your tent to reduce wetness and t chilliness while you sleep. Be sure to bring c in clothes and remove items from your o clotheslines before you retire for the night i if you don’t want them damp the next d morning. Use tarps to cover anything that s should not get wet. Be sure to pack plenty g of dry socks and changes of clothes and h store them in zipper-top bags in the event clothing does get wet. Wet clothes can be uncomfortable and increase your risk for hypothermia.

Carry in and carry out

Part of the magic of camping is being able to enjoy nature and experience the great outdoors. It is crucial to protect natural landscapes as much as possible and to exercise caution around plant life.

In addition, be mindful of animal habitats.

What you bring to the campsite, including trash, should be removed when you are done. Do not leave a mess behind.

Camping can be an enjoyable and inexpensive vacation option. Learning the ropes and heeding some advice can make camping an enjoyable getaway year after year.

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SEPTEMBER 17, 2015 • THE OUTDOORSMAN • PAGE 7

The dos and don’ts of moose hunting

Many moose hunters return home empty handed, not because there wasn’t any game in their territory but because they forgot to take care of a few details. Such things might not seem so important, but, when put into practice, they can improve chances for success on hunting trips.

Scouting and preparing the territory

The best time to scout a new territory is during the actual hunting season or immediately afterwards. Biologists have confirmed that these are the ideal moments to find obvious signs of game in order to confirm their presence. Keep your eyes open for noticeable traces of moose, including lays, rubs, or food sources, but don’t disturb the moose if they are in your sector. To facilitate your scouting, use a good scent eliminator to eradicate all your human odors, even if you’re not planning

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to hunt that day. Your scent is all over your body and clothing as well as your boots and equipment.

The day before the hunt

Many hunters are so excited the day before the hunt opens that they forget some important things. If you want to check out your game camera, don’t visit the site in a convoy of ATVs. Go discreetly during the legal hunting period to avoid spooking the moose. If you scare them during scouting, there’s little chance you’ll find them again in the area when you’re ready to hunt. Don’t forget to spray your game cameras with a scent eliminator every time you handle them.

Remember that you can hunt moose in several structured territories, which guarantees phenomenal hunting success.

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PAGE 8 • THE OUTDOORSMAN • SEPTEMBER 17, 2015

How to safely light and extinguish a campfire

A roaring campfire is often a staple of the camping experience. A campfire to cook food or keep warm is an asset at any campground, and in the evening hours, a fire can provide a sense of security against inquisitive forest animals. A burning fire can also illuminate a campsite, which makes maneuvering around the site easier.

Although there are many benefits to having a campfire, it’s important to note that fires, especially in very dry conditions, can be dangerous. It is essential to check a particular campsite or park’s posting about drought conditions to avoid an accident. In the wrong conditions, a cozy fire for toasting marshmallows can grow into an out-ofcontrol wildfire in a matter of seconds.

Starting a fire When you are ready to start a fire it is important to keep safety in mind.

• Pick a safe spot to light the fire.

Many campfires have fire rings for campers to use. If you are selecting a fire location on your own, choose an area away from brush or other easily ignitable material. Make a ring with large rocks to keep the fire from spreading. Keep the fire several feet away from your tent.

• Gather materials during the day so you will not be scrambling for them after dark. You will need both tinder and kindling to light a fire and keep it roaring. Tinder is any small, highly flammable material that can light and burn quickly. Fibrous plant material, small twigs and newspaper make good tinder. Kindling is small pieces of wood that will burn long enough to catch larger logs of wood on fire. Finally, you will need a few logs of thicker wood that will sustain the fire. Have plenty of material on hand to be able to continue

the fire, or you may find yourself foraging in the darkness when the fire goes out.

• Create a teepee or X pattern for a well-burning fire. Layer your tinder as the first level of the fire. Stack a few pieces of kindling on top of the tinder in an X or teepee shape. Ensure there is enough air to move freely through the fire to make ignition easier. Light the tinder from four compass points to get it all to light. Slowly blow air into the fire to allow it to burn hot enough to catch the kindling. Continue to add small pieces of kindling until you have a nicely sized fire. Then you can add larger pieces of dry wood for a big blaze.

• Do not use accelerants when starting a fire or keeping it going. Avoid the use of chemicals, including lighter fluid and other accelerants in your campfire. Do not use

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chemically treated paper or plastic materials in kindling, as they can produce noxious fumes and smoke. Accelerants can cause the fire to burn out of control. Keep the fire contained to what you can manage, and always keep a watchful eye on the fire.

Maintaining the Fire You may need to fiddle with the fire from time to time to vent it and allow for equal burning. Having an ample amount of wood on hand will enable you to feed the fire easily. It’s much easier to keep a fire going than start from scratch once it has burned out, especially in the dark.

Be mindful of embers that drift in windy conditions. Also, do not put your face or body directly over a fire. If the wood pops, you could be burned. Children should

be carefully supervised when around a campfire.

Extinguishing the Fire After building your campfire, completely put it out when you are done. Thousands of acres of wilderness are burnt from carelessness with regard to campfires.

• Put out the fire a half hour to an hour before you plan to leave the campground.

There should be mostly ash and few chunks of coal left if you have planned accordingly and started to wind down the fire before extinguishing it.

• Use a stick to stir up the wood and ash and distribute the burning coals and embers. This is to extinguish any remaining flames as much as you can.

• Pour water over the hot ashes to drown all embers. It’s not just the red embers you have to worry about. Pour water until all the hissing sounds stop.

Avoid standing directly above the fire when you pour the water because it will generate a lot of steam and smoke.

If you do not have water on hand, mix dirt or sand with the embers to smother the flames. Continue to do so until the material is cool.

• Stir the ashes again with a shovel or stick to further ensure the fire is not still burning.

• Make sure everything is wet and cold to the touch before you leave the campsite. If the fire area is too hot to the touch, it’s too hot to leave it because a fire may reignite.

• Once you feel that everything is cool, you can scoop the coals and ash into a bag and carry it out of the woods for disposal.

Knowing how to safely light, maintain and extinguish a fire is an essential component of safe camping.

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Protect nature when hiking

Nature beckons adventurers across the globe. Recreational and ardent hikers venture into the landscape to get a glimpse of the wonders of the great outdoors. Veteran hikers are often careful to watch out for and protect natural resources, while novice hikers may not be aware of that responsibility. Hiking responsibly includes being mindful of natural habitats and what you bring in or take away from parks, forests and other natural areas.

Carry in/carry out

Part of protecting nature involves carrying out what you carry in. What you bring with you in your backpack should not be left behind. Some parks and wildlife centers do not have trash receptacles, so it is up to you as the hiker to carry trash out of your surroundings and properly dispose of it.

Children who may not understand litter and its impact on habitats can be taught lessons about picking up trash and taking items with them out of the park when hiking.

Even though foods like fruit rinds or seeds can be biodegradable, it is still important to take your food with you when you leave the park. If you don’t, you may inadvertently introduce a foreign species of plant to a habitat that can overtake indigenous plants.

Also, animals should not be allowed to eat human food; otherwise they may become used to it and not forage for their own food. Animals also may

become brazen, approaching people for an easy meal.

Stay on trails

It can be tempting to be a trailblazer and head out into the middle of the wilderness. This can be dangerous and potentially harmful to wildlife.

Going off the trails means you will have to rely on your ability to navigate to find your way in and out of your hiking location. Those who are unsure of navigation and using a compass may find themselves lost. Park rangers or emergency personnel may have trouble locating individuals who have ventured off the trails.

When hikers veer off of the established trails they are treading on untouched parts of the landscape, where they can damage delicate foliage or stomp on nesting sites of some animals. If you are off of the trail, you may be more likely to come across animals, which could frighten them and cause unpredictable behavior.

Keep dogs on leashes so they will not venture off and get lost or injured.

Dogs may dig holes or chase animals, disrupting the surroundings.

Don’t remove or introduce wildlife

Picking flowers may seem harmless, but hikers should be careful to leave their surroundings untouched as much as possible. Your goal when exploring the wilderness is to observe and not disturb. That means leaving plants and animals alone.

In addition, do not introduce foreign animals to a landscape. Some people release lizards or fish that were once pets into ponds and rivers rather than trying to find homes for these creatures. There are many areas of the country that have become overrun by animals that are not native to these habitats. For example, invasive species have been taking over areas of the Florida Everglades for years. According to the National Parks Service, the Burmese Python is rapidly becoming a poster child for nonnative species in the Everglades, along with the Tokay Gecko and the Bufo Toad.

Be cautious with campfires

If you will be hiking and camping, be sure to take precautions. Always check to see the wildfire risk rating, which is often posted at the park entrance, before establishing your campsite. If the risk is high, you may want to forgo a campfire or be especially cautious when containing the fire. All it takes is one errant spark to ignite dry timber and brush. Contain a campfire with a ring of rocks. Feed the fire with only enough wood to keep it at a moderate size and do not use any accelerants to make a bigger blaze.

When you are done with your campfire, be sure to extinguish it completely and double-check that all ash and cinder are completely cool before moving on from the campsite.

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Be courteous of others

Many parks and hiking trails are quiet sanctuaries for people and wildlife. Keep this in mind when hiking. Do not play loud music or be disruptive in any way. Disruptive or inconsiderate behavior can spoil the experience for others enjoying the outdoors and frighten animals in the area.

Hiking and enjoying nature is a popular pastime. Keeping the landscape pristine and protecting plants and animals should be a goal of all hikers.

Hikers should be cautious on trails to avoid disturbing the landscape.

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Safety tips for outdoor enthusiasts

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Outdoor enthusiasts typically cannot wait to get outside and make the most of a beautiful day.

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Though it’s easy to get excited about a sunny day, it’s important for outdoor enthusiasts to take safety seriously. No matter your activity, always bring adequate sunscreen to protect your skin from the sun, and remember to bring enough water to stay hydrated throughout the day.

In addition to packing sunscreen and water, outdoor enthusiasts can employ various additional safety methods depending on which activity they choose to enjoy.

Cycling Cyclists must always be on alert for those with whom they are sharing the road. While many motorists respect cyclists, there are some who see cyclists as a nuisance, and such motorists may drive recklessly around cyclists in an attempt to scare them off the road. Cyclists are oftentimes at the mercy of motorists, so it pays to stay as attentive

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Alertness is important when cycling, as are the following precautionary measures: • Always wear a helmet and reflective clothing that makes it easy for motorists to see you.

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• Always ride with traffic.

• Inspect your bicycle and address any mechanical issues before each ride.

Hiking When the weather permits, few activities combine the benefits of physical activity with the aesthetic appeal of nature as well as hiking does. Hikers should never hike on poorly developed trails or trails that are too difficult for them to handle, and they should have at least a basic understanding of the symptoms of altitude sickness. Always share your route with friends or family members before embarking on a hiking trip. This protects you if you should get lost or injured and you need a rescue team to find you.

Hikers should also pack the follow-

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ing supplies before hitting the trails: • Compass • Flashlight and extra batteries • Whistle and signal mirror • Map of the park that includes the trails you plan to hike • Waterproof matches • First aid kit • Blanket Inline skating and skateboarding Inline skating and skateboarding are popular activities for adults and children alike. But even though you may associate such activities with your childhood, that does not mean the risk of injury is insignificant. In fact, even seasoned skateboarders and veteran inline skaters have suffered broken bones or head injuries while skateboarding or skating. Proper attire is essential for skaters and skateboarders hoping to prevent injury, so be sure to wear the following gear the next time you hit the half-pipe or go skating by the boardwalk: • Helmet • Knee pads • Wrist guards • Elbow pads Water sports Water attracts the sun, so it’s imperative that anyone planning to spend ample time on or around the water take steps to protect their

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SEPTEMBER 17, 2015 • THE OUTDOORSMAN • PAGE 11

skin. Wear appropriate clothing and apply sunscreen with a minimum sun protection factor of 15.

Never take to the water after you have consumed alcohol. Alcohol can dull your senses, making you less likely to recognize a dangerous situation should one present itself.

If you plan on entering the water, always enter feet first and do your best to avoid swimming alone. When you employ the buddy system while swimming, you are ensuring there is someone there to help you should you begin to struggle or to alert lifeguards or other safety personnel should something go awry.

If you to plan to fish on a boat, let your loved ones staying behind on land know where you plan to fish so they can share this information with authorities if your boat has problems or you don’t return on time. While on the boat, always wear a flotation device and make sure the boat is not running as you board and dismount.

The great outdoors can be enjoyed throughout the year. But outdoor enthusiasts will have a much better time if they take the When participating in water sports like rafting, adults and children alike necessary steps to reduce their risk should wear flotation devices at all times. of injury.

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