El Observador October 7th, 2022.

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José López Zamorano La Red Hispana

Los huracanes Fiona e Ian deja ron mucho más que un saldo de muertos y destrucción en Puerto Rico y Florida. Dejaron al descubierto lo que resulta cada vez más obvio: los fenómenos climáticos afectan desproporcionadamente a la población económicamente más vulnerable, es decir a comunidades de color como la hispana.

El presidente Biden actuó con celeridad para declarar un “desastre mayor” en 9 condados de Florida: Charlotte, Collier, DeSoto, Hardee, Hillsborough, Lee, Manatee, Pinellas y Sarasota. Serán elegibles a subven ciones para viviendas temporales y reparaciones del hogar, préstamos a bajo interés para cubrir pérdidas de propiedad no aseguradas y ayuda a propietarios de negocios.

El gobierno federal anunció también que brindará asistencia individual de hasta $37,900 para reparaciones es enciales del hogar y otros $37,900 para objetos perdidos, así como asis tencia en efectivo por 700 dólares para ayudar a cubrir lo esencial. Has ta el momento, casi 200,000 hogares en todo Puerto Rico han recibido esta última asistencia en efectivo.

Pero la situación de Hardee, uno de los condados más pobres de la Florida y uno de los 9 declarados en emergencia, ilustra la dimensión de un problema estructural que no puede ser aliviado con curas tempo rales.

Más del 44% de los residentes del condado de Hardee son latinos, el 37% de los cuales son de origen mexicano. El ingreso medio por hog ar fue de apenas 40,000 dólares al año en 2020. Un 21.2% de sus resi dentes vive por debajo de la línea de la pobreza y a pesar de la Ley de Salud Asequible, un 20% de sus resi dentes carece de seguro de salud.

En Hardee, sólo 100 de los 8,000 hogares en el condado tienen cobe rtura federal contra las inundaciones, lo cual es equivalente a una tasa de cobertura de 1.3%, de acuerdo con un análisis de la publicación Político.

Aunque Hardee refleja el más dramático ejemplo de las injusticias climáticas, no se trata de una situ ación única. En los 9 condados de Florida declarados en emergencia, sólo un 30% de los 1.8 millones de hogares afectados por Ian tienen cobertura federal contra inundacio nes. Eso representa según el análi sis que alrededor de 1.3 millones de hogares del estado quedaron a mer ced de la asistencia federal.

Es verdad que la ley de reducción inflacionaria impulsada por el presi dente contempla inversiones históri cas para confrontar el calentamiento

global y remediar las injusticias climáticas, pero la creciente inten sidad y frecuencia de los eventos catastróficos como huracanes es un fenómeno que llegó para quedarse.

Se trata pues de un problema de masiado grande para ser resuelto sólo por el gobierno, toda vez que requiere una alianza pública, privada y de la sociedad civil. Las elecciones de noviembre son una gran opor tunidad para votar a favor de los can didatos que entienden que el cam bio climático es un reto existencial y tienen planes e ideas para encontrar soluciones integrales, efectivas y du raderas.

José López Zamorano La Red Hispana

Manatee, Pinellas, and Sarasota. They will be eligible for grants for temporary housing and home re pairs, low-interest loans to cover uninsured property losses, and as sistance to business owners.

The federal government also an nounced that it will provide indi vidual assistance of up to $37,900 for essential home repairs and an other $37,900 for lost property, as well as $700 in cash assistance to help cover essentials. So far, nearly 200,000 households across Puerto Rico have received this latest cash assistance.

Hurricanes

Fiona and Ian left much more than a death toll and destruction in Puerto Rico and Florida. They laid bare what is becoming increasingly obvi ous: climate events disproportion ately affect the most economically vulnerable population, that is, com munities of color such as Hispanics.

President Biden moved quickly to declare a “major disaster” in 9 Florida counties: Charlotte, Collier, DeSoto, Hardee, Hillsborough, Lee,

But the situation in Hardee, one of the poorest counties in Florida and one of the 9 declared in emergency, illustrates the dimension of a struc tural problem that cannot be allevi ated with temporary cures.

More than 44% of Hardee County residents are Latino, 37% of whom are of Mexican origin. The me dian household income was just $40,000 a year in 2020. 21.2% of its residents live below the poverty line, and despite the Affordable Care Act, 20% of its residents lack health insurance.

In Hardee, only 100 of the 8,000 homes in the county have federal flood coverage, which is equivalent to a coverage rate of 1.3%, accord ing to an analysis by the publication Politico.

Although Hardee reflects the most dramatic example of climate in justice, it is not a unique situation. In Florida's 9 declared emergency counties, only 30% of the 1.8 million homes affected by Ian have federal flood coverage. That represents, ac cording to the analysis, that about 1.3 million households in the state were left at the mercy of federal as sistance.

It is true that the law to reduce in flation promoted by the president contemplates historic investments to confront global warming and remedy climate injustices, but the growing intensity and frequency of catastrophic events such as hurri canes is a phenomenon that is here to stay.

This is therefore too big a problem to be solved by the government alone, since it requires a public, private and civil society alliance. The November elections are a great opportunity to vote for candidates who under stand that climate change is an ex istential challenge and have plans and ideas to find comprehensive, effective and lasting solutions.

CAMPUS ADVOCATES PROVIDE KEY SUPPORT TO SEXUAL ASSAULT SURVIVORS — BUT ‘SUPERHEROES’ ARE IN SHORT SUPPLY

Mallika Seshadri & Zaeem Shaikh CalMatters

When

Laura Swartzen saw the email from Sacramento State University’s Title IX office, it felt like her heart skipped a beat.

Swartzen, the Sac State confidential campus advocate, had spent the past nine months supporting a student who reported being sexually assaulted. Swartzen had listened to the student’s wrenching account, offered to connect them with medical and mental health care, and sat with them through an “in credibly draining” formal hearing.

Now, the Title IX office — which investigates cases of campus sex discrimination — had found the perpetrator responsible for the as sault. Swartzen’s lonely celebration lasted for just one joyful minute.

“I just took a moment, closed my eyes and thought of them,” said Swartzen, who had to keep the news to herself. Then she got back to work. “There’s a lot of other students that now need that same support.”

Fifty years since then-President Richard Nixon signed the country’s landmark gender discrimination law known as Title IX — and in the aftermath of a leadership shakeup within California’s largest public university prompt ed by a sexual harassment scandal — there’s fresh scrutiny over how the state’s colleges handle sexual misconduct.

Many sexual assault survivors and activists at California public universities and colleges say it’s simply not enough to have Title IX offices, which focus on the legal aspects of a case and campuses’ liability.

Instead, they say colleges need confidential advocates like Swartzen, who are indepen dent from Title IX offices. Survivors say ad vocates are “superheroes” who are critical in helping them heal after a traumatic experi ence.

Thirteen percent of students report expe riencing sexual violence during their time in college, according to the Association of American Universities — including more than a quarter of undergraduate women and more than 20% of transgender and nonbi nary undergraduates. That’s equal to tens of thousands of undergraduates in the Univer sity of California system alone.

But across California’s public colleges and universities, the availability of advocates to support these students varies widely – from a robust sexual assault counseling center with a dozen staff members at UC Berkeley, to a single part-time advocate serving Cal State LA’s tens of thousands of students, to community college campuses where there is no survivor advocate at all. Some California State University campuses have allocated as much as $200,000 in a single year to support survivor advocates, while others have had an annual budget of $10,000.

“Over the recent decade, it’s been clear that universities need to reevaluate their ap proach to the issue of sexual assault…We need to actually face up to the unfortunate

truth that this has been a culture of enabling sexual assault, sexual violence on our college campuses,” said Assemblymember Sabrina Cervantes, a Democrat from Riverside who authored a bill signed Tuesday by Gov. Gavin Newsom that will standardize the survivor advocate role across California campuses.

“Over the recent decade, it’s been clear that universities need to reevaluate their approach to the issue of sexual assault.”

-ASSEMBLYMEMBER SABRINA CER VANTES

After the Trump administration passed new rules in 2020 requiring that students filing for mal claims of sexual harassment and assault be cross-examined in live hearings, Title IX experts say demand grew for alternatives to that process. (The Biden administration has proposed changes to those rules.)

“Title IX can also be a tool to harm students or to discourage students from coming out with their experience with sexual violence and sexual harassment issues,” said Bailey Hen derson, external affairs vice president of the UC Berkeley’s student government.

Survivor advocates can help students decide whether and how to file Title IX complaints, advise them on their options if they choose not to file, and help them navigate hearings that can bring up the trauma of the original event.

Swartzen, for example, says she reminds survivors participating in online hearings that they can cover the screen with a Post-it to avoid seeing the alleged perpetrator. She often hands them a journal to draw on to dis tract themselves.

In one-on-one meetings in her office, she walks students who say they’ve experienced an assault through what will happen if they file a report with the campus Title IX office.

“It’s going to feel scary and a lot, and it is, and nothing has to happen today,” she tells them. “But it’s really, really important that you have

all of that information so you feel really em powered to make that decision.”

For some of the survivors she works with, Swartzen said, no one else in their lives knows about what happened. “And so they’re navigating these big, big, big things by them selves.”

In Cal State system, every campus on its own

At Cal State, where previous Chancellor Jo seph Castro resigned in February after he was accused of mishandling sexual mis conduct complaints against a Fresno State administrator while he was president of that university, many of the system’s largest cam puses rely on a single survivor advocate to serve the entire student population. That in cludes some campuses where demand for advocates’ services has grown.

While most campuses provide survivors with access to a full-time advocate, there is little consistency in the ratio between the num ber of advocates and the size of the student population.

For example, Sacramento State and Cal Poly Pomona place their approximately 30,000 students in the care of one advocate. Mean while, Cal State Dominguez Hills is hiring a second advocate to serve a campus popula tion of about 17,000 students, meaning each advocate would be responsible for about 8,500 students — less than a third of the load at Sacramento State and Cal Poly Pomona.

“There hasn’t been a lot of guidance from the CSU, from the Chancellor’s office, that trickles down to the campuses,” said Mayra Romo, associate director for the Center for Advocacy, Prevention and Empowerment at Cal State Dominguez Hills. “Every campus is kind of on their own.”

Besides meeting with students, survivor ad vocates also counsel faculty and staff, and conduct workshops with campus organi zations about sexual violence and building healthy relationships.

Maintaining such a workload — and strug gling with stress and frequent nightmares after hearing about students’ traumas — led Romo, who is also a survivor, to question her future as an advocate. She and other Cal State survivor advocates have formed an unofficial support group to help each other cope with the pressures of the job – any of them can call an emergency meeting at any time. Cal State Dominguez Hills’s decision to hire a second advocate was ultimately Ro mo’s “determining factor” in staying.

“It almost felt kind of unethical for me to con tinue serving survivors when I wasn’t okay,” Romo said. “But there was no option. There’s nothing else. If there wasn’t me to support them, who else is going to be there?”

“If there wasn’t me to support them, who else is going to be there?”

-MAYRA ROMO, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR FOR THE CENTER FOR ADVOCACY, PRE VENTION AND EMPOWERMENT AT CSU DOMINGUEZ HILLS

More than a third of CSU campuses partner with nearby organizations that support sur vivors instead of employing an advocate on campus. That includes Cal State LA, which spends $35,000 each year to partner with a local rape crisis center called Peace Over Vi olence, which supported 22 students in 2021.

April Hernandez, the organization’s interven tion division associate manager, said its ad vocate works with Cal State LA, which has about 27,000 students, for just eight hours per week — split into two four-hour shifts.

“We know sexual assault is obviously not only happening Monday through Friday, nine to five when the advocate is available,” Hernan dez said.

In an email to CalMatters, a Cal State spokes person said “the needs of campuses vary” when it comes to support for sexual assault survivors. “Campus leaders have the discre tion to determine the staffing and how best to serve students and their unique campus communities,” the spokesperson said.

Some campuses have seen steep increases in demand for survivor advocate services in the past few years.

When she started working at Sacramento State in fall 2019, Swartzen saw around 15 students over the course of three months. Two years later, in the fall of 2021, she met with about 60 survivors.

“Many students have kind of disclosed that during COVID, they really didn’t have much to do but sit alone with their thoughts. And so, some things came to the surface,” Swart zen said, noting the pandemic also triggered increased rates of intimate partner violence and sexual assault.

Since Castro’s resignation, numerous other instances of alleged sexual misconduct at Cal State have come to light, including a re ported rape of a 17-year-old girl by three San Diego State football players, and charges that then-Sonoma State president Judy Sakaki retaliated against a provost who

Mayra Romo at Cal State Dominguez Hills on Sept. 15, 2022. Romo works as a counselor for victims of domestic violence and sexual assault. Photo Credit: Pablo Unzueta / CalMatters

ENGLISH

accused Sakaki’s husband of sexual ha rassment.

At Cal Poly Humboldt – which allowed a dean who had been fired in 2016 for groping and forcibly kissing female colleagues to return as a tenured professor, according to a USA Today investigation – President Tom Jack son recently seemed to admonish faculty and staff not to talk to the press about Title IX cases. “The process is designed to be be hind the door so that we can resolve it for the individuals that are involved, not to celebrate it or promote it or use it for personal gain later on,” Jackson said during his Fall welcome ad dress in August.

Cal State has commissioned an external review of its Title IX policies; the first phase of that investigation was scheduled to be complete by the end of July. The report was released Sept. 29 and concluded that Cas tro had a “blind spot” for his friend Frank La mas, a Fresno State vice president accused of sexual harassment. Lawmakers have also asked the state auditor to conduct its own investigation after Cal State’s review is com plete.

Higher demand for campus advocates pro longs wait times and makes it more difficult for survivors to get help, said Fresno State senior Amalia Lopez. The lack of publicity for survivor advocate services also gets in the way.

Lopez said she struggled to get support on the Fresno State campus after she reported being sexually assaulted in 2020. She went to the Fresno State Police Department and told a detective about her experience. She said nobody — including the campus Title IX of fice — reached back out.

“After that, I was not in a mental place to reach out to resources,” said Lopez, who was 18 at the time. She added that she only came to know about the campus advocate after her case closed.

“At that point, it’s really too late. I needed the help years ago,” she said.

Earlier this year, Fresno State sat at the epi center of the scandal that resulted in Castro’s resignation as chancellor.

Students including former Fresno State stu dent Xitllali Loya led protests to press for Cas tro’s resignation and stand in solidarity with survivors. Fresno State has since hired a sec ond advocate who will start in January. The campus should increase funding for survivor advocates, Loya said. But she added that the responsibility ultimately falls on campus and system leaders to make sure students can feel safe at Cal State.

“There’s only so much a sexual assault advo cate can do,” Loya said. “You need to change the environment.”

Protestors at Fresno State call for then-Cal State Chancellor Joseph Castro to be held accountable for the university’s response to a spate of sexual assaults on campus on Feb. 05, 2022. Photo by Zaeem Shaikh for CalM atters.

Advocates at community colleges

Many California community colleges lack survivor advocates, instead directing stu dents toward their Title IX officers or to local

police.

One exception is the Los Rios Community College District in Sacramento, which con tracts out to WEAVE, a local crisis interven tion organization.

Demand for sexual harassment and assault support services tends to be lower at com munity colleges because students are older and don’t typically live on campus, said Josh ua Moon Johnson, the Title IX coordinator at American River College in the district.

“These are our students, but it’s happening at their personal homes with their partners,” Johnson said.

While the Trump administration barred schools from investigating and punishing al leged assaults that happened off campus, that could soon change under a Biden ad ministration proposal.

Johnson said WEAVE counselors provide confidential support that he can’t. And their independence is important, he said.

“Institutions, you know, have neglected sur vivors at the expense of making their institu tions look good,” Johnson said. Advocates, on the other hand, “have no incentive to pro tect the institution. That’s not what they’re here for,” he said.

A possible model?

One place where survivor advocate services are more robust: the University of California, which established support centers on every campus in response to a wave of student activism in 2014, according to spokesperson Stett Holbrook.

Known as CARE centers – short for Campus Assault Resources and Education – they sup port survivors one-on-one and offer work shops on self-care and healthy relationships, said Jazmin Jauregui, the interim co-director at the UC Santa Cruz CARE center. They can also refer students to therapists and help them seek out academic accommodations – such as extensions on assignments – after experiencing sexual misconduct, a right Title IX guarantees even when a formal complaint isn’t filed.

CARE offices provide critical support to stu dents who may be confused or intimidated about their options, said Manju Cheenath, a student at UC Santa Barbara and the cochairperson of Students Against Sexual As sault.

“I don’t think most students know anything about Title IX until something happens and they have to know everything about Title IX,” Cheenath said, adding that the system is “horrifically complicated…if you’re doing it by yourself, especially after going through something traumatic.”

“I don’t think most students know any thing about Title IX until something hap pens and they have to know everything about Title IX.”

-MANJU CHEENATH, STUDENT AT UC SANTA BARBARA, CO-CHAIRPERSON OF STUDENTS AGAINST SEXUAL ASSAULT

Henderson, the UC Berkeley student govern ment representative, said the campus’s Path to Care office is often the first place student

leaders direct survivors, mainly because they can present survivors with their various op tions and support them.

“They can take a step back from formal ways of doing things and just kind of like, care for the individual first,” he said.

UC Berkeley’s PATH to Care Center has 12 staff members – compared to just one at most CSU campuses — who collectively supported 338 students, faculty and staff members during the 2020-21 academic year. The center also staffs an emergency hotline that received 738 calls that same year. A simi lar center at UC Davis has six full-time staff members.

This model would have been extended to Cal State and community colleges under a bill proposed by Riverside Assemblymem ber Jose Medina. The bill, which would have required each campus to have confidential advocates for survivors as well as those ac cused of sexual assault, died in the Legisla ture in May.

“We do want to be consistent throughout the state and so that both the CSU and the community colleges would have a consistent response on all the campuses,” Medina said.

Making advocates independent

Cervantes’ bill will enshrine campus survivor advocates’ independent status into law, re quiring that they be specially trained and that their communications with those they coun sel be confidential. It will also require Califor nia’s public colleges and universities to inform students, faculty and staff who experience sexual assault about their options – including counseling, filing civil and criminal lawsuits, and going through the campus disciplinary process.

The bill “empowers campus-based sexual assault counselors with adequate protec tions and the ability to act independently from the university without fear of retribution,” said Cervantes. “This is exactly what we need to do to ensure that counselors have the sup port they need to do their jobs.”

Cervantes said campus policies – including the requirement that most staff report sexual assaults that they are aware of – sometimes conflict with the needs of the person who has suffered the assault. Confidentiality is im portant, she said, because it allows survivors to choose “how they wish to heal and seek justice.”

The bill also aims to protect advocates from retaliation if they support survivors who choose to take action against the university, such as filing a civil suit.

“[Advocates] are supposed to make it easier on survivors,” said Nicole Bedera, a sociolo gist who studies college sexual assault and testified in favor of the bill. “And I found in my research, time and time again, that they really struggle to do that if they don’t have full au tonomy.”

Bedera said some campus advocates, for example, are encouraged to dissuade stu dents from pursuing Title IX investigations to help the campus lower the number of com plaints and improve their public image.

While neither CSU or UC took a position on the bill, Romo — the advocate from CSU

Dominguez Hills — said she’d welcome the new protections.

“We do have a need to feel protected from retaliation so we can truly support the rights of the survivor,” she said. “It’s my job to tell a survivor: These are your rights and options, and one of those rights and options is you can sue the university…It’s hard for us to be in that position, even though that’s our role.”

The sole support

Some sexual assault survivors told CalMat ters they turned to campus advocates after failing to find support anywhere else.

Loya, the Fresno State student, said after she was raped at a fraternity party in January 2020, her sorority sisters pressured her to stay quiet. In a video posted to YouTube, Loya said she was raped again later that weekend. Loya then went to the campus police for help.

While campus police say they followed their protocol — which includes informing survi vors about campus resources — Loya said she left with little more than a pamphlet, still afraid she’d run into one of her attackers.

“I was on campus a week after my rapes and I was just insane, like going insane — like ask ing who can I get help from,” Loya said.

“I was on campus a week after my rapes and I was just insane, like going insane — like asking who can I get help from.”

-FORMER FRESNO STATE STUDENT XITL LALI LOYA

She had a panic attack at a campus book store, she said, and someone there took her to see the campus advocate, Mindy Kates.

Kates listened to Loya whenever she need ed, pointed her to a local rape crisis center and explained the Title IX process, Loya said.

Even the Title IX office, Loya said, only re sponded to her complaint a month after she filed it with campus police – after she released the YouTube video detailing her experience. Fresno State, which suspended the Kappa Sigma fraternity after the video’s release, declined to comment on Loya’s case but said they try to respond to survivors as quickly as possible.

After Fresno State held hearings, two stu dents were suspended for two semesters each in connection with Loya’s case, accord ing to the university; a third was expelled.

Loya wishes the punishments had been more severe. But she’s grateful for the “superhero” who got her to this point.

“It’s Mindy that should be appreciated,” Loya said. “She’s the one…supporting survivors, not the school, not Title IX.”

Seshadri and Shaikh are former fellows with the CalMatters College Journalism Network, a collaboration between CalMatters and stu dent journalists from across California. For mer fellows Ryan Loyola and Julia Woock contributed reporting. This story and other higher education coverage are supported by the College Futures Foundation.

DEFENSORES DEL CAMPUS BRINDAN APOYO CLAVE A LOS SOBREVIVIENTES DE AGRESIÓN SEXUAL - PERO LOS "SUPERHÉROES" SON ESCASOS

Mallika Seshadri & Zaeem Shaikh CalMatters

Cuando

Laura Swartzen vio el correo electrónico de la oficina del Título IX de la Universidad Estatal de Sacramento, sintió que su corazón dio un brinco.

Swartzen, el defensor confidencial del campus de Sac State, había pasado los últimos nueve meses apoyando a un estudiante que denun ció haber sido agredido sexualmente. Swart zen escuchó la historia desgarradora del es tudiante, se ofreció a conectarlo con atención médica y de salud mental, y se sentó con él durante una audiencia formal "increíblemente agotadora".

Ahora, la oficina del Título IX, que investiga casos de discriminación sexual en el campus, había encontrado al perpetrador responsable del asalto. La celebración solitaria de Swartzen duró solo un minuto alegre.

Solo me tomé un momento, cerré los ojos y pensé en ellos”, dijo Swartzen, quien tuvo que guardarse la noticia. Luego volvió al trabajo.

“Hay muchos otros estudiantes que ahora necesitan ese mismo apoyo”.

Cincuenta años desde que el entonces presi dente Richard Nixon firmó la histórica ley de discriminación de género del país conocida como Título IX - y luego de una reorganización del liderazgo dentro de la universidad pública más grande de California provocada por un escándalo de acoso sexual - hay un nuevo es crutinio sobre cómo las universidades del es tado manejan la conducta sexual inapropiada.

Muchos sobrevivientes de agresiones sexu ales y activistas en las universidades y colegios públicos de California dicen que simplemente no es suficiente tener oficinas del Título IX, que se enfocan en los aspectos legales de un caso y la responsabilidad de los campus.

En cambio, dicen que las universidades necesitan defensores confidenciales como Swartzen, que son independientes de las ofi cinas del Título IX. Los sobrevivientes dicen que los defensores son "superhéroes" que son fundamentales para ayudarlos a sanar después de una experiencia traumática.

El trece por ciento de los estudiantes informa haber experimentado violencia sexual durante su tiempo en la universidad, según la Aso ciación de Universidades Estadounidenses, incluida más de una cuarta parte de las mu jeres universitarias y más del 20 % de los estudiantes universitarios transgénero y no binarios. Eso equivale a decenas de miles de estudiantes universitarios solo en el sistema de la Universidad de California.

Pero en los colegios y universidades públicas de California, la disponibilidad de defensores para apoyar a estos estudiantes varía am pliamente – desde un sólido centro de ase soramiento sobre agresiones sexuales con una docena de miembros del personal en UC Berkeley, hasta un solo defensor de medio tiempo que atiende a las decenas de miles de estudiantes de Cal State LA, hasta campus de colegios comunitarios donde no hay ningún defensor de sobrevivientes. Algunos campus de la Universidad Estatal de California han asignado hasta $200 000 en un solo año para apoyar a los defensores de los sobrevivientes, mientras que otros han tenido un presupuesto anual de $10 000.

“Durante la última década, ha quedado claro que las universidades deben reevaluar su en

foque sobre el tema de la agresión sexual.… Necesitamos enfrentar la desafortunada ver dad de que esta ha sido una cultura que per mite la agresión sexual y la violencia sexual en nuestros campus universitarios”, dijo la asam bleísta Sabrina Cervantes, demócrata de Riv erside y autora de un proyecto de ley firmado el martes por el gobernador Gavin Newsom que estandarizará el papel de defensor de los sobrevivientes en los campus de California.

“Durante la última década, ha quedado cla ro que las universidades deben reevaluar su enfoque sobre el tema de la agresión sexual.”

-ASSEMBLYMEMBER SABRINA CERVANTES

Después de que la administración Trump aprobara nuevas reglas en 2020 que requieren que los estudiantes que presenten denuncias formales de acoso y agresión sexual sean in terrogados en audiencias en vivo, los expertos del Título IX dicen que creció la demanda de alternativas a ese proceso. (La administración de Biden ha propuesto cambios a esas reglas.)

“El Título IX también puede ser una herramien ta para dañar a los estudiantes o para disuadir a los estudiantes de contar su experiencia con problemas de violencia sexual y acoso sexu al”, dijo Bailey Henderson, vicepresidente de asuntos externos del gobierno estudiantil de UC Berkeley.

Los defensores de sobrevivientes pueden ayudar a los estudiantes a decidir si deben presentar quejas del Título IX y cómo hacerlo, asesorarlos sobre sus opciones si eligen no presentarlas y ayudarlos a navegar las audi encias que pueden traer recuerdos sobre el trauma del evento original.

Swartzen, por ejemplo, dice que les recuerda a los sobrevivientes que participan en audien cias en línea que pueden cubrir la pantalla con un Post-it para evitar ver al presunto perpetra dor. A menudo les entrega un diario para que dibujen y se distraigan.

En reuniones individuales en su oficina, explica a los estudiantes que dicen haber sufrido una agresión lo que sucederá si presentan un in forme en la oficina del Título IX del campus.

“Va a dar miedo y mucho, y lo es, y hoy no tiene que pasar nada”, les dice. “Pero es muy, muy

importante que tengas toda esa información para que te sientas realmente capacitado para tomar esa decisión”.

Para algunos de los sobrevivientes con los que trabaja, dijo Swartzen, nadie más en sus vidas sabe lo que pasó. “Y entonces están naveg ando estas cosas grandes, grandes, grandes por sí mismos ".

En el sistema Cal State, cada campus por su cuenta

En Cal State, donde el anterior canciller Jo seph Castro renunció en febrero después de que lo acusaran de manejar mal las denuncias de conducta sexual inapropiada contra un administrador de Fresno State mientras era presidente de esa universidad, muchos de los campus más grandes del sistema dependen de un solo defensor de sobrevivientes para atender a toda la población estudiantil. Eso incluye algunos campus donde ha crecido la demanda de servicios de defensores.

Si bien la mayoría de los campus brindan a los sobrevivientes acceso a un defensor de tiempo completo, hay poca consistencia en la proporción entre el número de defensores y el tamaño de la población estudiantil.

Por ejemplo, Sacramento State y Cal Poly Po mona ponen a sus aproximadamente 30,000 estudiantes al cuidado de un defensor. Mien tras tanto, Cal State Dominguez Hills está contratando a un segundo defensor para at ender a una población del campus de aproxi madamente 17,000 estudiantes, lo que sig nifica que cada defensor sería responsable de aproximadamente 8,500 estudiantes, menos de un tercio de la carga en Sacramento State y Cal Poly Pomona.

No ha habido mucha orientación de la CSU, de la oficina del Canciller, que llegue a los cam pus”, dijo Mayra Romo, directora asociada del Centro de Defensa, Prevención y Empodera miento de Cal State Dominguez Hills. “Cada campus está un poco solo”.

Además de reunirse con los estudiantes, los defensores de los sobrevivientes también aconsejan a la facultad y al personal, y realizan talleres con las organizaciones del campus sobre la violencia sexual y la construcción de relaciones saludables.

Mantener tal carga de trabajo -- y luchar contra el estrés y las pesadillas frecuentes después de enterarse de los traumas de los estudiantes -- llevó a Romo, que también es una sobrevivi ente, a cuestionar su futuro como defensora. Ella y otros defensores de sobrevivientes de Cal State han formado un grupo de apoyo no oficial para ayudarse mutuamente a sobrel levar las presiones del trabajo -- cualquiera de ellos puede convocar una reunión de emer gencia en cualquier momento. La decisión de Cal State Dominguez Hills de contratar a un segundo defensor fue, en última instancia, el "factor determinante" de Romo para quedarse.

“Casi me pareció un poco poco ético continuar sirviendo a los sobrevivientes cuando no esta ba bien”, dijo Romo. “Pero no había opción. No hay nada más. Si no estuviera yo para apoyar los, ¿quién más estará ahí?

-MAYRA ROMO, DIRECTORA ASOCIADA DEL CENTRO DE DEFENSA, PREVENCIÓN Y EMPODERAMIENTO DE CSU DOMINGUEZ HILLS

Más de un tercio de los campus de CSU se asocian con organizaciones cercanas que apoyan a los sobrevivientes en lugar de contratar a un defensor en el campus. Eso in cluye a Cal State LA, que gasta $35,000 cada año para asociarse con un centro local de cri sis por violación llamado Peace Over Violence, que apoyó a 22 estudiantes en 2021.

April Hernandez, gerente asociada de la di visión de intervención de la organización, dijo que su defensora trabaja con Cal State LA, que tiene alrededor de 27,000 estudiantes, durante solo ocho horas por semana -- divididas en dos turnos de cuatro horas..

“Sabemos que la agresión sexual obviamente no solo ocurre de lunes a viernes, de nueve a cinco cuando el defensor está disponible”, dijo Hernández.

En un correo electrónico a CalMatters, un por tavoz de Cal State dijo que “las necesidades de los campus varían” en lo que respecta al apoyo a los sobrevivientes de agresión sexual. “Los líderes del campus tienen la discreción de determinar la dotación de personal y la mejor manera de servir a los estudiantes y sus comu nidades únicas del campus”, dijo la portavoz.

Algunos campus han visto aumentos pronun ciados en la demanda de servicios de defensa de sobrevivientes en los últimos años.

Cuando comenzó a trabajar en Sacramento State en el otoño de 2019, Swartzen vio alre dedor de 15 estudiantes en el transcurso de tres meses. Dos años después, en el otoño de 2021, se reunió con unos 60 sobrevivientes.

“Muchos estudiantes han revelado que du rante COVID, realmente no tenían mucho que hacer más que sentarse solos con sus pensamientos. Y así, algunas cosas salieron a la superficie”, dijo Swartzen, y señaló que la pandemia también provocó un aumento en las tasas de violencia de pareja íntima y agresión sexual.

Desde la renuncia de Castro, han salido a la luz muchos otros casos de supuesta conducta sexual inapropiada en Cal State, incluida una denuncia de violación de una niña de 17 años por parte de tres jugadores de fútbol de San Diego State, y cargos de que la entonces presidenta de Sonoma State, Judy Saka ki, tomó represalias contra un preboste

“Si no estuviera yo para apoyarlos, ¿quién más estaría ahí? “

Los manifestantes en Fresno State piden que el entonces canciller de Cal State, Joseph Castro, rinda cuentas por la respuesta de la universidad a una serie de agresiones sexuales en el campus el 5 de febrero de 2022. Photo Credit: Zaeem Shaikh / CalMatters.

que acusó al esposo de Sakaki de acoso sexual.

En Cal Poly Humboldt, que permitió que un decano que había sido despedido en 2016 por manosear y besar a la fuerza a sus co legas femeninas regresara como profesor titular, según una investigación de USA Today -- El presidente Tom Jackson recientemente pareció advertir a la facultad y al personal que no hablaran con la prensa sobre los casos del Título IX. “El proceso está diseñado para estar detrás de la puerta para que podamos resolv erlo para las personas involucradas, no para celebrarlo, promoverlo o usarlo para beneficio personal más adelante”, dijo Jackson durante su discurso de bienvenida de otoño en agosto.

Cal State ha encargado una revisión externa de sus políticas del Título IX; la primera fase de esa investigación estaba programada para completarse a fines de julio. El informe fue publicado el 29 de septiembre y concluyó que Castro tenía un “punto ciego” por su amigo Frank Lamas, vicepresidente de Fresno State acusado de acoso sexual. Los legisladores también le han pedido al auditor estatal que realice su propia investigación después de que se complete la revisión de Cal State.

La mayor demanda de defensores del campus prolonga los tiempos de espera y dificulta que los sobrevivientes obtengan ayuda, dijo Ama lia López, estudiante de último año de Fresno State. La falta de publicidad de los servicios de defensa de sobrevivientes también se inter pone en el camino.

López dijo que tuvo problemas para obtener apoyo en el campus de Fresno State después de que denunciara haber sido agredida sexu almente en 2020. Fue al Departamento de Policía del Estado de Fresno y le contó a un detective sobre su experiencia. Ella dijo que nadie, incluida la oficina del Título IX del cam pus, se puso en contacto.

“Después de eso, no estaba mentalmente en condiciones de buscar recursos”, dijo López, que tenía 18 años en ese momento. Agregó que solo se enteró del defensor del campus después de que se cerró su caso.

“En ese momento, es realmente demasiado tarde. Necesitaba la ayuda hace años”, dijo.

A principios de este año, Fresno State estuvo en el epicentro del escándalo que resultó en la renuncia de Castro como canciller.

Estudiantes, incluida la exestudiante de Fres no State, Xitllali Loya, encabezaron protestas para presionar por la renuncia de Castro y solidarizarse con los sobrevivientes. Desde entonces, Fresno State ha contratado a un segundo defensor que comenzará en enero. El campus debería aumentar los fondos para los defensores de los sobrevivientes, dijo Loya. Pero agregó que, en última instancia, la re sponsabilidad recae en los líderes del campus y del sistema para asegurarse de que los estu diantes se sientan seguros en Cal State.

“Hay mucho que un defensor de la agresión sexual puede hacer”, dijo Loya. “Necesitas cambiar el entorno”.

Los manifestantes en Fresno State piden que el entonces canciller de Cal State, Joseph Castro, rinda cuentas por la respuesta de la universidad a una serie de agresiones sexu ales en el campus el 5 de febrero de 2022.

Fotografía de Zaeem Shaikh para CalMatters. Defensores en los colegios comunitarios

Muchos colegios comunitarios de California carecen de defensores de sobrevivientes, y en su lugar dirigen a los estudiantes hacia sus oficiales del Título IX o la policía local.

ESPAÑOL

Una excepción es el Distrito de Colegios Co munitarios de Los Ríos en Sacramento, que contrata a WEAVE, una organización local de intervención en crisis.

La demanda de servicios de apoyo por acoso y agresión sexual tiende a ser menor en los colegios comunitarios porque los estudiantes son mayores y normalmente no viven en el campus, dijo Joshua Moon Johnson, coordi nador del Título IX en American River College en el distrito.

“Estos son nuestros estudiantes, pero está su cediendo en sus hogares personales con sus parejas”, dijo Johnson.

Si bien la administración de Trump prohibió que las escuelas investigaran y castigaran los presuntos ataques que ocurrieron fuera del campus, eso podría cambiar pronto con una propuesta de la administración de Biden.

Johnson dijo que los consejeros de WEAVE brindan apoyo confidencial que él no puede. Y su independencia es importante, dijo.

“Las instituciones, ya sabes, han descuidado a los sobrevivientes a expensas de hacer que sus instituciones se vean bien”, dijo John son. Los defensores, por otro lado, “no tienen ningún incentivo para proteger la institución. Eso no es para lo que están aquí”, dijo.

¿Un posible modelo?

Un lugar donde los servicios de defensa de sobrevivientes son más sólidos: la Universidad de California, que estableció centros de apoyo en cada campus en respuesta a una ola de ac tivismo estudiantil en 2014, según el portavoz Stett Holbrook.

Conocidos como centros CARE, abreviatura de Campus Assault Resources and Educa tion, apoyan a los sobrevivientes uno a uno y ofrecen talleres sobre el cuidado personal y las relaciones saludables, dijo Jazmin Jaure gui, codirectora interina del centro CARE de UC Santa Cruz. También pueden referir a los estudiantes a terapeutas y ayudarlos a buscar adaptaciones académicas, como extensiones en las tareas, después de experimentar una conducta sexual inapropiada, un derecho que garantiza el Título IX incluso cuando no se pre senta una queja formal.

Las oficinas de CARE brindan un apoyo fun damental a los estudiantes que pueden sen tirse confundidos o intimidados acerca de sus opciones, dijo Manju Cheenath, estudiante de UC Santa Barbara y copresidente de Students Against Sexual Assault.

“Creo que la mayoría de los estudiantes no sabe nada sobre el Título IX hasta que sucede algo y tienen que saber todo sobre el Título IX”, dijo Cheenath, y agregó que el sistema es “terriblemente complicado… si lo haces solo, especialmente después de pasar por algo traumático.

“Creo que la mayoría de los estudiantes no sabe nada sobre el Título IX hasta que sucede algo y tienen que saber todo sobre el Título IX”,

-MANJU CHEENATH, ESTUDIANTE DE UC SANTA BARBARA, CO-PRESIDENTE DE ES TUDIANTES CONTRA LA AGRESIÓN SEXU AL

Henderson, representante del gobierno es tudiantil de UC Berkeley, dijo que la oficina de Path to Care del campus suele ser el primer lugar donde los líderes estudiantiles dirigen a los sobrevivientes, principalmente porque pu eden presentar a los sobrevivientes sus diver sas opciones y apoyarlos.

“Pueden dar un paso atrás en las formas for

males de hacer las cosas y simplemente preo cuparse primero por el individuo”, dijo.

El PATH to Care Center de UC Berkeley tiene 12 miembros del personal -- en comparación con solo uno en la mayoría de los campus de CSU -- que colectivamente apoyaron a 338 estudiantes, profesores y miembros del per sonal durante el año académico 2020-21. El centro también cuenta con una línea directa de emergencia que recibió 738 llamadas ese mismo año. Un centro similar en UC Davis tiene seis empleados de tiempo completo.

Este modelo se habría extendido a Cal State y los colegios comunitarios en virtud de un proyecto de ley propuesto por el asambleísta de Riverside, José Medina. El proyecto de ley, que habría requerido que cada campus tuviera defensores confidenciales para los sobrevivientes, así como para los acusados de agresión sexual, murió en la Legislatura en mayo.

“Queremos ser consistentes en todo el estado y que tanto la CSU como los colegios comu nitarios tengan una respuesta consistente en todos los campus”, dijo Medina.

Haciendo defensores independientes

El proyecto de ley de Cervantes consagrará el estatus independiente de los defensores de sobrevivientes del campus en la ley, requi riendo que estén especialmente capacitados y que sus comunicaciones con aquellos a quienes asesoran sean confidenciales. Tam bién requerirá que los colegios y universidades públicas de California informen a los estudi antes, profesores y personal que experimen tan agresión sexual sobre sus opciones, inclu ida la asesoría, la presentación de demandas civiles y penales y el proceso disciplinario del campus.

El proyecto de ley “faculta a los consejeros de agresión sexual en el campus con protec ciones adecuadas y la capacidad de actuar independientemente de la universidad sin te mor a represalias”, dijo Cervantes. Esto es ex actamente lo que debemos hacer para garan tizar que los consejeros tengan el apoyo que necesitan para hacer su trabajo”.

Cervantes dijo que las políticas del campus, incluido el requisito de que la mayoría del per sonal denuncie las agresiones sexuales de las que tengan conocimiento, a veces entran en conflicto con las necesidades de la persona que ha sufrido la agresión. La confidenciali dad es importante, dijo, porque permite a los sobrevivientes elegir “cómo desean sanar y buscar justicia”.

El proyecto de ley también tiene como objetivo proteger a los defensores de las represalias si apoyan a los sobrevivientes que eligen tomar medidas contra la universidad, como presen tar una demanda civil.

“Se supone que [los defensores] lo hacen más fácil para los sobrevivientes”, dijo Ni cole Bedera, una socióloga que estudia la agresión sexual universitaria y testificó a favor del proyecto de ley.“Y descubrí en mi investig ación, una y otra vez, que realmente les cuesta hacer eso si no tienen plena autonomía”.

Bedera dijo que se alienta a algunos defen sores del campus, por ejemplo, a disuadir a los estudiantes de realizar investigaciones del Tí tulo IX para ayudar al campus a reducir la can tidad de quejas y mejorar su imagen pública.

Si bien ni CSU ni UC tomaron una posición so bre el proyecto de ley, Romo -- la defensora de CSU Dominguez Hills --dijo que agradecería las nuevas protecciones.

“Tenemos la necesidad de sentirnos protegi dos de las represalias para poder realmente

apoyar los derechos de los sobrevivientes”, dijo. “Es mi trabajo decirle a un sobreviviente: estos son tus derechos y opciones, y uno de esos derechos y opciones es que puedes demandar a la universidad… Es difícil para no sotros estar en esa posición, aunque ese es nuestro papel”.

El único apoyo

Algunos sobrevivientes de agresiones sexu ales le dijeron a CalMatters que recurrieron a los defensores del campus después de no poder encontrar apoyo en ningún otro lugar.

Loya, la estudiante de Fresno State, dijo que después de que la violaron en una fiesta de fraternidad en enero de 2020, sus hermanas de la hermandad la presionaron para que se quedara callada. En un video publicado en YouTube, Loya dijo que fue violada nueva mente más tarde ese fin de semana. Loya lu ego fue a la policía del campus en busca de ayuda.

Si bien la policía del campus dice que siguió su protocolo, que incluye informar a los sobrevivi entes sobre los recursos del campus -- Loya dijo que se fue con poco más que un panfleto -- todavía con miedo de encontrarse con uno de sus atacantes. “Estuve en el campus una semana después de mis violaciones y estaba loca, como enloquecida, como preguntando de quién puedo obtener ayuda”, dijo Loya.

“Estuve en el campus una semana después de mis violaciones y estaba loca, como enloquecida -- como preguntando de quién puedo obtener ayuda”, dijo Loya..”

-ANTIGUA ESTUDIANTE DEL ESTADO DE FRESNO XITLLALI LOYA

Ella dijo que tuvo un ataque de pánico en una librería del campus y alguien allí la llevó a ver a la defensora del campus, Mindy Kates.

Kates escuchó a Loya cada vez que lo necesi taba, la señaló un centro local de crisis por vio lación y le explicó el proceso del Título IX, dijo Loya.

Incluso la oficina del Título IX, dijo Loya, solo respondió a su queja un mes después de que la presentara ante la policía del campus, después de que publicara el video de You Tube que detalla su experiencia. Fresno State, que suspendió la fraternidad Kappa Sigma después de la publicación del video, se negó a comentar sobre el caso de Loya, pero dijo que intentara responder a los sobrevivientes lo más rápido posible.

Después de que Fresno State celebró audi encias, dos estudiantes fueron suspendidos por dos semestres cada uno en relación con el caso de Loya, según la universidad; un tercero fue expulsado.

Loya desearía que los castigos hubieran sido más severos. Pero está agradecida por el "su perhéroe" que la llevó hasta este punto.

“Es Mindy la que debe ser apreciada”, dijo Loya. “Ella es la que… apoya a los sobrevivientes, no a la escuela, no al Título IX”.

Seshadri y Shaikh son antiguos becarios de CalMatters College Journalism Network, una colaboración entre CalMatters y estudiantes de periodismo de todo California. Los exbe carios Ryan Loyola y Julia Woock contribuy eron con este reportaje. Esta historia y otra cobertura de educación superior cuentan con el apoyo de College Futures Foundation.

RAP LYRICS ON TRIAL: BILL WOULD LIMIT PROSECUTORS’ USE OF WORDS AND MUSIC AS EVIDENCE

Nigel Duara CalMatters

UPDATE: Gov. Gavin Newsom signed Assembly Bill 2799 on Sept. 30, 2022.

GaryBryant Jr. exchanged gunfire with a man in an Antioch apart ment parking lot on a July after noon in 2014. Both were struck by bul lets. Bryant survived and the other man died.

Police said it was part of a string of gang shootings in the East Bay. At trial, pros ecutors alleged — and a jury agreed — that Bryant and an accomplice were guilty of first-degree murder.

Bryant, then 28, was a local rapper in Pittsburg who uploaded music videos to YouTube. In his lyrics, he talked about gang war, shooting at rivals and chal lenging other rappers. At Bryant’s trial, an Antioch police officer testified that the lyrics were key to understanding his criminal mindset.

When Bryant said the phrase “geeked up,” the police officer alleged, he meant he was armed with guns. His words “lay a demo,” the officer said, meant shoot ing at someone.

A University of California, Irvine, profes sor acting as a witness for Bryant dis agreed, saying that “geeked up” was commonly understood to mean intoxi cated, and “laying a demo” meant to re cord a track.

Bryant may have been convicted with out the introduction of rap lyrics — pros ecutors and police said he and another man were in the parking lot to rob a car load of people.

But readily using such lyrics as evidence in a criminal case may soon change in California.

A bill signed by Gov. Gavin Newsom would force prosecutors who want to use rap lyrics, or any other form of cre ative expression, to hold a pretrial hear ing away from the jury to prove that the lyrics or other artistic expression are rel evant to the case.

The bill by Democratic Assemblymem ber Reggie Jones-Sawyer of Los Ange les would require judges to balance the value of the evidence with the “undue prejudice” and racial bias possible when that evidence is presented to a jury. As sembly Bill 2799 passed the Legislature late last month, with no registered op

position.

Civil liberties advocates are also chal lenging the practice in New York.

“There’s a pretty large body of informa tion and a pretty strong body of opinion that prosecutors and their gang experts have their heads on backwards,” said Stephen Munkelt, executive director of California Attorneys for Criminal Justice, which wrote in support of the bill.

Munkelt compared gang investigations to evidence that has begun to be rooted out of courtrooms, like bite-mark analy sis or polygraph tests.

As early as 1991, prosecutors have used rap lyrics both to reveal a defendant’s mindset and as confessionals: They wanted juries to believe that rappers quite literally did the things they were rapping about.

In the 2000s, Louisiana prosecutors re peatedly used the lyrics of New Orleans rappers against them in murder trials, in cluding Corey Miller, McKinley Phipps Jr. and, most recently, Torrence Hatch, who raps as Lil Boosie.

Nationwide, researchers have found ap proximately 500 cases of lyrics – almost always rap – introduced in state or fed eral trials.

Looking back, Bryant’s attorney, Evan Kuluk, said he would have challenged the introduction of lyrics at the 2017 trial, but research into the use of creative ex pression was in its infancy.

“I wish I had the information and the ma

terials I have now with which to make the objection at that time,” he said.

“Unfortunately, when Mr. Bryant tried to explain to the jury the bigger cultural pic ture of rap music, he was shut down by prosecution objections that were mostly sustained.”

Kuluk’s office searched all Contra Costa County trials that resulted in appeal, and found that lyrics were introduced in 13 of them, all related to rap music. Ten of the defendants were Black and three were Latino. None was white.

Contra Costa County District Attorney Diana Becton declined to comment on the bill or Bryant’s case. Becton took office in September 2017, months after Bryant’s conviction.

Becton is a member of the progres sive Prosecutors Alliance of California, a small group of district attorneys that supports alternatives to incarceration. The Prosecutors Alliance also declined to comment on the bill.

“When Mr. Bryant tried to explain to the jury the bigger cultural picture of rap music, he was shut down by prosecution objections that were mostly sustained.”

-EVAN KULUK, GARY BRYANT’S AT TORNEY

Bryant, sentenced to life in prison, is ap pealing his conviction, though his case isn’t explicitly about rap lyrics. Instead, he’s using a broader law from 2020, ar guing that the original trial violated AB 2452, the Racial Justice Act. The act al

lows individuals to appeal their convic tions if they can show prosecutors or their witnesses used racially discrimina tory language to get a conviction.

Bryant is also seeking to remove the gang enhancements to his conviction, arguing both were improperly influ enced by racist stereotypes.

Andrea Dennis, a University of Georgia law professor who pioneered the analy sis of creative expression in criminal tri als and wrote the 2019 book, “Rap on Trial,” reviewed Bryant’s trial’s transcripts for his appeal.

“The prosecution utilized racially coded and inaccurate assumptions of rap mu sic as criminal confessions and auto biographies and stereotypes of Black men as inherently dangerous criminals to secure Gary Bryant’s conviction,” she wrote.

To show the mindset of prosecutors who use rap lyrics at trial, Dennis quoted from Bureau of Justice Assistance guid ance to local prosecutors in 2004.

“Invariably, by the time the jury sees the defendant at trial, his hair has grown out to a normal length, his clothes are nicely tailored, and he will have taken on the aura of an altar boy,” wrote Alan Jackson for the American Prosecutors Research Institute. “But the real defendant is a criminal wearing a do-rag and throwing a gang sign. Gang evidence can take a prosecutor a long way toward introduc ing that jury to that person.”

According to Kuluk, that’s exactly what happened to Bryant: In court, his music videos and Facebook posts were intro duced to the jury. He was photographed in a do-rag, and he made a letter “B” with his hands, which prosecutors alleged was a local gang sign.

“The whole music industry uses violence in their songs, you know? But my son is not violent. Those lyrics don’t portray who he is.”

-DENISE HOLDMAN, BRYANT’S MOTH ER

The bill before the governor also high lights the role of gang investigators, who tend to be working police officers, aca demics or retired members of law en forcement.

In Bryant’s case, his attorney has challenged the prosecution’s use of

New bill would force prosecutors to seek a judge’s approval to introduce rap lyrics to a jury.

Photo illustration by Martin do Nascimento, CalMatters, iStock

an officer without academic training in gang investigations working in the department that investigated Bryant’s case. The officer later testified to the lyr ics’ so-called meaning, which were con tested by the defense.

Robert Grant III, a former Los Angeles police officer who now does consulting work in gang investigations, said the bill before Newsom would “narrow” the way gang investigators do their jobs.

“The question is really, what is the per son rapping about?” Grant said. “Is it lit erally their participation in gang activities in this incident? Is what the substance is close enough to their actual physical activity?”

Grant said police officers often are legiti mate experts in gang investigations. As beat cops or supervisors, they’re closest to the people they’re investigating, and most familiar with the use and intent of what might be very local slang.

“Defense attorneys always want to de scribe us officers as a bunch of knuckledragging thugs that just come up with opinions out of our butt,” Grant said. “We are a lot more intelligent about what we try to do in the field.”

“As much as they would like for (rap lyrics) to be outside of the consid eration for us as experts, I still get to consider it now and I still will.”

-ROBERT GRANT III, FORMER LOS AN GELES POLICE OFFICER

Bryant’s mother, Denise Holdman, said the image of Bryant conveyed to the jury doesn’t cohere with the real person.

“The whole music industry uses vio lence in their songs, you know?” Hold man said. “But my son is not violent. Those lyrics don’t portray who he is.”

Grant, the gang investigator, said propo nents of the bill “hoping gang investiga tions will be minimized or destroyed” will be disappointed by the outcome.

“There’s going to be a lot of people up set when they realize that for me as an expert, I get to use both admissible and inadmissible evidence to describe my opinion,” Grant said, meaning he can still interpret what lyrics or gang signs mean.

“As much as they would like for (rap lyr ics) to be outside of the consideration for us as experts, I still get to consider it now and I still will.”

LETRAS DE CANCIONES RAP A JUICIO: PROYECTO DE LEY LIMITARÍA EL USO DE PALABRAS Y MÚSICA COMO EVIDENCIA POR PARTE DE LOS FISCALES

Nigel Duara CalMatters

ACTUALIZACIÓN: El gobernador Gavin Newsom firmó el Proyecto de Ley 2799 de la Asamblea el 30 de septiembre de 2022.

GaryBryant Jr. intercambió disparos con un hombre en el estaciona miento de un apartamento de An tioch una tarde de julio de 2014. Ambos fueron impactados por las balas. Bryant sobrevivió y el otro hombre murió.

La Policía dijo que era parte de una serie de tiroteos de pandillas en East Bay. En el juicio, los fiscales alegaron, y un jurado estuvo de acuerdo, que Bryant y un cóm plice fueron culpables de asesinato en primer grado. Bryant, entonces de 28 años, era un rap ero local en Pittsburg que subía videos musicales a YouTube. En sus letras, habló sobre la guerra de pandillas, disparar a los rivales y desafiar a otros raperos. En el juicio de Bryant, un oficial de Policía de Antioch testificó que la letra de la canción

era clave para comprender su mentali dad criminal.

Cuando Bryant dijo la frase “geeked up”, alegó el oficial de policía, quería decir que estaba armado con pistolas. Sus palabras “lay a demo” (poner una demostración), dijo el oficial, significaban dispararle a al guien.

Un profesor de la Universidad de Cali fornia, Irvine, que actuó como testigo de Bryant, no estuvo de acuerdo y dijo que “geeked up” se entendía comúnmente como intoxicado, y “poner una demos tración” significaba grabar una pista mu sical.

Es posible que Bryant haya sido conde nado sin la introducción de letras de can ciones rap: los fiscales y la policía dijeron que él y otro hombre estaban en el estac ionamiento para robar un automóvil lleno de personas.

Pero el usar fácilmente las letras de can ciones como evidencia en un caso crimi nal pronto puede cambiar en Califor nia.

Un proyecto de ley que firmo el gobernador Gavin Newsom obligaría a los fiscales que quieran usar letras de canciones rap, o cualquier otra forma de expresión creativa, a celebrar una audi encia previa al juicio fuera del jurado para demostrar que la letra u otra expresión artística son relevantes para el caso.

El proyecto de ley del asambleísta demócrata Reggie Jones-Sawyer de Los Ángeles requería que los jueces equilibren el valor de la evidencia con el “prejuicio indebido” y el posible sesgo racial cuando esa evidencia se presente ante un jurado. El Proyecto de Ley 2799 de la Asamblea fue aprobada por la Leg islatura el mes pasado, sin oposición reg istrada.

Los defensores de las libertades civiles también están cuestionando la práctica en Nueva York .

“Hay una gran cantidad de información y una opinión bastante sólida de que los fiscales y sus expertos en pandillas tienen la cabeza al revés”, dijo Stephen Munkelt, director ejecutivo de California Attor neys for Criminal Justice, que escribió en apoyo del proyecto de ley.

Munkelt comparó las investigaciones de pandillas con la evidencia de que ha co menzado a ser extraída de los tribunales, como el análisis de marcas de mordidas o las pruebas de polígrafo.

Ya en 1991, los fiscales utilizaron letras de canciones rap tanto para revelar la men talidad del acusado como para confesio nes: querían que los jurados creyeran que los raperos literalmente hacían las cosas sobre las que rapeaban.

En la década de 2000, los fiscales de Luisiana utilizaron repetidamente las le tras de los raperos de Nueva Orleans en su contra en los juicios por asesinato, in cluidos Corey Miller, McKinley Phipps Jr. y, más recientemente, Torrence Hatch, quien rapea como Lil Boosie.

A nivel nacional, los investigadores han encontrado aproximadamente 500 ca sos de letras, casi siempre rap, presenta das en juicios estatales o federales.

Mirando hacia atrás, el abogado de Bry ant, Evan Kuluk, dijo que habría cuestio nado la introducción de letras en el juicio de 2017, pero la investigación sobre el uso de la expresión creativa estaba en sus ini cios.

“Desearía tener la información y los ma teriales que tengo ahora para hacer la objeción en ese momento”, dijo.

“Desafortunadamente, cuando el Sr. Bry ant trató de explicarle al jurado el pan orama cultural más amplio de la música rap, fue cerrado por las objeciones de la fiscalía que en su mayoría fueron sosteni das”.

La oficina de Kuluk buscó en todos los juicios del condado de Contra Costa que

resultaron en apelación y encontraron que en 13 de ellos se introdujeron letras, todas relacionadas con la música rap. Diez de los acusados eran de raza negra y tres latinos. Ninguno era blanco.

La fiscal de distrito del condado de Con tra Costa, Diana Becton, se negó a co mentar sobre el proyecto de ley o el caso de Bryant. Becton asumió el cargo en septiembre de 2017, meses después de la condena de Bryant.

Becton es miembro de la progresiva Alianza de Fiscales de California , un pequeño grupo de fiscales de distrito que apoya las alternativas al encarcelamiento. La Alianza de Fiscales también se negó a comentar sobre el proyecto de ley.

“Cuando el Sr. Bryant trató de expli carle al jurado el panorama cultural más amplio de la música rap, fue cerrado por las objeciones de la fiscalía que en su mayoría fueron sostenidas”.

-EVAN KULUK, ABOGADO DE GARY BRYANT

Bryant, sentenciado a cadena perpetua, está apelando su condena, aunque su caso no se trata explícitamente sobre le tras de rap. En cambio, está usando una ley más amplia de 2020, argumentando que el juicio original violó la AB 2452, la Ley de Justicia Racial. La ley permite a las personas apelar sus condenas si pueden demostrar que los fiscales o sus testigos usan lenguaje racialmente discriminato rio para obtener una condena.

Bryant también busca eliminar los cargos aumentados de pandillas a su condena, argumentando que ambos fueron influ enciados indebidamente por estereoti pos racistas.

Andrea Dennis, profesora de derecho de la Universidad de Georgia que fue pione ra en el análisis de la expresión creativa en juicios penales y escribió el libro de 2019, “Rap on Trial”, revisó las transcripciones del juicio de Bryant para su apelación.

“La acusación produjo suposiciones in exactas y codificadas racialmente sobre la música rap como confesiones crimi nales y autobiografías y estereotipos de los hombres negros como criminales in trínsecamente peligrosos para asegurar la condena de Gary Bryant”, escribió.

Para mostrar la mentalidad de los fiscales que usan letras de rap en los juicios, Den nis citó la guía de la Oficina de Asistencia Judicial para los fiscales locales en 2004.

“Invariablemente, para cuando el jurado ve al acusado en el juicio, su cabello ha crecido a una longitud normal, su ropa está bien entallada y habrá adquirido el aura de un monaguillo”, escribió Alan Jackson para el Instituto Americano de Investigaciones de los Fiscales . “Pero el verdadero acusado es un criminal que usa un trapo y lanza un cartel de pandilla. La evidencia de pandillas puede llevar a cabo un fiscal muy lejos para presentarle al jurado a esa persona”.

Según Kuluk, eso es exactamente lo que le sucedió a Bryant: en la corte, sus vid eos musicales y publicaciones en Face book fueron presentados al jurado. Fue fotografiado usando un do-rag e hizo una letra “B” con sus manos, que los fiscales alegaron que era el signo de una pandilla local.

“Toda la industria de la música usa la violencia en sus canciones, ¿sabes? Pero mi hijo no es violento. Esas letras no retratan quién es él”.

-DENISE HOLDMAN, MADRE DE BRY ANT

El proyecto de ley ante el gobernador también destaca el papel de los inves tigadores de pandillas, que suelen ser policías en activo, académicos o miem bros jubilados de las fuerzas del orden.

En el caso de Bryant, su abogado ha im pugnado el uso por parte de la fiscalía de un oficial sin formación académica en in vestigaciones de pandillas que trabaja en el departamento que investigó el caso de

Bryant. Posteriormente, el oficial testificó sobre el supuesto significado de la letra, que fue cuestionado por la defensa.

Robert Grant III, un ex oficial de policía de Los Ángeles que ahora realiza traba jos de consultoría en investigaciones de pandillas, dijo que el proyecto de ley ante Newsom “restringiría” la forma en que los investigadores de pandillas hacen su tra bajo.

“La pregunta es realmente, ¿sobre qué está rapeando la persona?” Dijo Grant.

“¿Es literalmente su participación en ac tividades de pandillas en este incidente?

¿La sustancia está suficientemente cerca de su actividad física real?”.

Grant dijo que los oficiales de policía a menudo son expertos legítimos en inves tigaciones de pandillas. Como policías o supervisores, son los más cercanos a las personas que están investigando y los más conocidos con el uso y la intención de lo que podría ser una jerga muy local.

“Los abogados defensores siempre qui eren describirnos a los oficiales como un grupo de matones que se arrastran los nudillos y que simplemente sacan opiniones de nuestro trasero”, dijo Grant. “Somos mucho más inteligentes sobre lo que tratamos de hacer en el campo”.

“Por mucho que les gustaría que (las letras de rap) estuvieran fuera de la consideración de nosotros como expertos, todavía puedo considerarlo ahora y lo seguiré haciendo”.

-ROBERT GRANT III, EX OFICIAL DE POLICÍA DE LOS ÁNGELES

La madre de Bryant, Denise Holdman, dijo que la imagen de Bryant transmitida al jurado no se corresponde con la per sona real.

“Toda la industria de la música usa la vio lencia en sus canciones, ¿sabes?” Dijo Holdman. “Pero mi hijo no es violento. Esas letras no retratan quién es él”.

Grant, el investigador de pandillas, dijo que los proponentes del proyecto de ley “con la esperanza de que las investiga ciones de pandillas sean minimizadas o destruidas” se mantendrán decepciona dos por el resultado.

“Va a haber mucha gente molesta cu ando se den cuenta de que, como ex perto, puedo usar evidencia admisible e inadmisible para describir mi opinión”, dijo Grant, lo que significa que todavía puede interpretar lo que significan las letras o los signos de pandillas.

“Por mucho que les gustaría que (las le tras de canciones rap) estuvieran fuera de la consideración de nosotros como expertos, todavía puedo considerarlo ahora y lo seguiré haciendo”.

Este artículo fue publicado originalmente por CalMatters.

Una foto de Gary Bryant Jr. con su madre, Denise Holdman. Photo Credit: Foto cortesía de Denise Holdman

FAN OF LATIN FLAVORS? 4 RECIPES PLUS ENTERTAINING TIPS YOU WILL LOVE

BPT

Ifnothing excites your taste buds more than Latin-inspired dishes, you're in luck.

Vianney Rodriguez, founder of Sweet Life, and Marisol Chancellor, founder of Marisol Cooks, have created new recipes for entertaining family and friends, along with tried-and-true entertaining tips. Cre ated in partnership with Real California Milk, representing the nation's leading makers of Hispanic-style cheeses and dairy products with wide distribution in Texas supermarkets, these recipes are a nod to their creator's cultural connec tions, family memories and love for cook ing. Wondering how to find the dairy products? Look for the Real California Milk seal for sustainably sourced prod ucts made with milk from family farms.

The Sweet Life of Vianney Rodriguez

Founder, recipe developer and South Texas foodie Vianney Rodriguez is also the author of "Latin Twist," a collection of delicious Latin-inspired cocktails, and "The Tex-Mex Slow Cooker," a cookbook filled with incredible recipes.

Entertaining Tip: "Prep as much as you can for the week leading up to the day you plan to host," advises Rodriguez. "Marinate your meat, prepare salsa or prep a side dish to store covered in the fridge and bake before guests arrive. I en joy serving family style - guests can help themselves. I also shake up a pitcher of margaritas and set up the bar away from the kitchen to avoid overcrowding."

QUESO MAC AND CHEESE

"My Queso Mac and Cheese is a nod to my Tejana roots," says Rodriguez. "Que so is king in Texas! I can't think of a better way to highlight queso than adding pasta to the mix."

Ingredients:

1 pound elbow macaroni

6 tbsp Real California Butter, plus more for baking dish

6 tbsp flour

2 cups milk

2 cups Real California Crema Mexicana

1 (10-ounce) can diced tomatoes and green chiles, drained

2 tsp salt

1 tsp pepper

3 cups shredded Real California Oaxaca Cheese

1/2 cup cilantro, chopped

1 cup tortilla chips, crushed

2 tbsp Real California Butter, melted

Directions:

Preheat oven to 400 degrees. Lightly but ter 3-quart baking dish; set aside.

Cook pasta in boiling salted water ac cording to package directions; drain.

Melt butter in large saucepan over medi um heat. Whisk in flour and cook 1 minute, whisking constantly. Whisk in milk and crema, continue cooking while whisking constantly 6 minutes or until mixture is slightly thickened.

Stir in diced tomatoes, salt and pepper and continue cooking an additional 2 minutes.

Remove from heat and whisk in cheese until smooth. Stir in cooked pasta, then spoon mac and cheese into prepared baking dish.

In bowl combine cilantro, crushed tortilla chips and melted butter. Sprinkle over pasta.

Bake for 15 minutes. Serve warm.

PUFFY TACOS

"Puffy Tacos are a true South Texas gem," Rodriguez explains. "Made from fresh masa, fried until golden and stuffed with ground beef, Tejanos have been enjoying puffy tacos since the '70s."

Photo

1 tbsp oil

Ingredients:

For ground beef:

1 small onion, diced

1 tomato, diced

2 garlic cloves, minced

1 serrano chile sliced, stem removed and finely minced

1 pound ground beef

2 tsp salt

1 tsp pepper

1 tsp oregano

For puffy tacos:

3 cups masa harina

1 1/2 tsps salt

2 1/4 cups warm water

Vegetable oil for frying

Shredded lettuce

Diced tomatoes

For serving:

tic over dough. Shut top of tortilla press firmly down on dough to shape tortilla.

Carefully slide tortilla into the oil. Once tortilla rises to sur face, flip, then use metal spoon to carefully press center of tortilla to create taco shell. Allow to fry until taco shape forms, about 10 seconds.

Carefully remove from oil, place on paper towel-lined sheet pan to drain. Repeat with remaining tortillas.

Fill puffy tacos with ground beef, top with shredded let tuce, diced tomatoes, crumbled queso and crema.

How Marisol Loves to Cook

Founder of Marisol Cooks, where all eaters are welcome, Marisol Chancellor was born in Monterrey, Mexico, and moved to San Antonio as a teenager. She has had a passion for cooking since she was young.

Entertaining tip: "Always choose recipes that can be pre pared ahead. This saves a lot of time you could be spend ing with your guests," Chancellor recommends. "Then get your guests involved in the last details - they'll feel like they were part of the process. Get in the kitchen to not only make food, but also to make memories. Enjoy the process of cooking a homemade meal, because a home made meal shared with loved ones is always worth it."

BEAN AND CHEESE MOLLETES

Real California Queso Fresco, crumbled

Real California Crema Mexicana

Directions:

For ground beef: In skillet, heat oil over medium high heat. Add onions, sauté until light and translucent, about 3 minutes. Add tomatoes, garlic cloves and serrano chile. Continue cooking an additional 3 minutes, stirring occasionally. Add ground beef, breaking up with spoon. Cook until beef is no longer pink and fully cooked. Re duce heat to low. Add salt, pepper, chili powder, cumin and oregano. Stir to combine and simmer 5 minutes.

For puffy tacos: In bowl combine masa harina and salt. Slowly add warm water while mixing until smooth dough forms, adding more warm water if needed. Pull off piec es of dough and roll into small balls, place on baking sheet covered with damp towel. In Dutch oven or large saucepan heat 2 inches of vegetable oil to 350 degrees.

Cut gallon-size resealable plastic bag open down both sides. Lay one side of plastic over bottom of the press, place ball of dough in center and fold other side of plas

"Molletes were always on the table for cafecito time with my tias and girlfriends," says Chancellor. "They're easy, very delicious and meant to be shared."

Ingredients:

4 bolillo rolls (birote, telera or any other crusty bread)

Olive oil

3-4 cups seasoned, refried beans 10 ounces Real California Asadero, Oaxaca or Que sadilla cheese, coarsely grated

For the pico de gallo:

3 ripe Roma tomatoes, diced 1/2 onion, chopped 2 jalapeño peppers, seeded and chopped 1/4 cup fresh cilantro, chopped Juice of 1/2 lemon Salt to taste

Directions:

Preheat oven to 375 degrees.

Make the pico de gallo: In bowl add diced tomato, chopped onions, chopped jalapeño peppers and chopped fresh cilantro. Mix everything together and add lemon juice. Season with salt to taste.

Cut bread rolls in half and place on baking sheet cut side up. Drizzle bread with olive oil and bake in preheated oven 8 minutes, just until edges start to brown.

Warm refried beans if needed. Top each half of bread with layer of refried beans and shredded cheese.

Turn oven broiler on and bake molletes about 2 minutes or until cheese has melted.

Top with pico de gallo and serve immediately.

CHEESE AND CHORIZO STUFFED JALAPEÑOS

"Cheese and Chorizo Stuffed Jalapeños are my favorite appetizer or side dish for carne asada on Friday nights," Chancellor shares.

Ingredients:

6-8 Jalapeño peppers

Olive oil

5 ounces Mexican chorizo

5 ounces Real California Queso Asadero, Oaxaca or Quesadilla cheese, coarsely grated

6-8 corn tortillas

Chopped fresh cilantro for garnish Kosher salt to taste

Directions:

In medium saucepan, add water until half full. Add jala peño peppers and bring to a boil. Once water is boiling, turn heat down and simmer 5 minutes or until peppers change to pale green. Remove sauce pan from heat and let peppers cool in water.

While peppers are cooling, cook chorizo. In skillet add about 1 teaspoon of oil (most chorizos are very fatty and don't need much oil) and bring to medium heat. Add chorizo and break up with wooden spoon. Cook, stirring often, until brown.

Cut small slit in middle of pepper to make pocket, leav ing about 1/4 of an inch from the stem and tip of pepper. Use small spoon to remove seeds and veins.

Fill peppers with shredded asadero cheese and top with chorizo. Place peppers on baking sheet and place under broiler just long enough to melt cheese, 2-5 minutes.

Serve peppers over warm tortillas, garnish with chopped cilantro and sprinkle with kosher salt.

NOTE: Wash hands with soap and water immediately after handling peppers. The oil from peppers could irri tate your skin if not handled properly. Latex gloves highly recommended.

For more Latin-inspired recipes, visit RealCaliforniaMilk. com/hispanic-dairy.

JAMES WEBB IS JUST THE TIP OF THE ICEBERG IN SPACE EXPLORATION

Jenny Manrique Ethnic Media Services

The successful launch of the James Webb telescope in December reinvigorated ex citement over the seemingly endless op portunities to expand our understanding of the universe. According to scientists, the next great endeavor is building a base on the moon.

That goal is part of the mission behind the Artemis 1 moon rocket, whose launch was again delayed due to Hurricane Ida now battering Florida’s coast.

“The mission is to make sure that traveling to the moon for humans for many days is safe,” said Al exandra de Castro, science and technology com municator at PASQAL, which designs quantum computing programs.

When it does launch Artemis 1 will carry humansize dummies fixed with detectors to determine the amount of radiation humans might be ex posed to over longer periods of time on the moon.

According to de Castro, Artemis Two’s launch — scheduled for May 2024 — will take four astro nauts including possibly the first female astronaut to walk on the moon.

Castro spoke during a briefing organized by Eth nic Media Services looking at what lies ahead in space exploration.

“China and Russia are also collaborating on a lunar base,” noted de Castro, hinting at the potential for a new space race like the one that defined much of the Cold War following the Soviet Union’s launch of the Sputnik rocket in 1957.

In more recent years Russia had been collaborat ing with NASA on the International Space Station and was working with both NASA and the Eu ropean Space Agency on the Gateway project, which aims to establish an orbital station around the moon. Food and other supplies were to be transported to the station using Russian-made modules that would ferry back and forth from Earth.

But Russia severed all cooperation immediately following its invasion of Ukraine, and has since turned to its ally in Beijing, de Castro stressed.

The last manned mission to the moon was Apollo 17 in 1972. The journey back then took 12 days and was fraught with potential danger given how little scientists understood about the risks of space travel.

“We now have a lot of information from the 20 years of experience with the International Space Station,” de Castro said, adding this next phase in humanity’s reach for the stars holds tremendous possibility in fields that extend well beyond space: from health care to communications, transporta tion, and climate change.

And then there is the question of extraterrestrial life.

Marcio Melendez is with the Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci) in Baltimore, Maryland and was part of the team that worked on Webb’s mirrors. “Three years ago, we only knew of one exoplanet,” planets orbiting stars outside our own solar system. “Now we have 5,000 exoplanets and many of them are earth-like.”

American astronomer Edwin Hubble’s discovery of the Andromeda Galaxy in 1924 dramatically re shaped our understanding of the universe, proving its expanse far beyond our own Milky Way. NASA has since placed over 90 telescopes into orbit hoping to further deepen our view of the cosmos. That effort has led to the discovery of billions of stars and galaxies and has brought humanity closer than at any other point in history to answer ing some of our most perplexing and profound

“We need to think big and there is nothing big ger than the James Webb,” said Melendez. “Think about a telescope that is so sensitive that you can see the heat signature of a bumblebee on the moon.”

That sensitivity is due in part to Webb’s infrared optical technology, which must remain at an other worldly temperature of below 7 kelvin, or roughly negative 500° Fahrenheit. Maintaining such frigid conditions — even in the vacuum of deep space — requires a massive, origami like sun visor that shields the telescope from the warming rays of the sun.

“Virtually every single image that we take with James Webb is a deep field,” meaning an image that peers into the blackness of space, explained Melendez. Each image, he adds, contains “hun dreds of galaxies in the background,” making Webb something akin to a “time machine,” able to see light that has traveled billions of years stretch ing to the origins of the universe.

The telescope is also able to detect how planets and stars form and how galaxies interact.

“Webb is able to characterize the abundance of different molecules in the atmospheres of exo planets,” which can help determine the presence of life, said STSci’s Nicole Arulanantham. “Now whether that life is intelligent, we don’t know.”

Arulanantham’s main area of research is the for mation of stars and planets. With the Hubble Space Telescope, she and her team have been looking at how young stars use ultraviolet light in the process of planet formation. “This tells us how quickly the stars are growing,” she said.

With Webb, she and her team will now be able to determine the role that water plays in that process, explaining that molecules like hydrogen cyanide, an important carrier of hydrogen, carbon, and ni trogen, essential to forming life on earth, can be seen with the telescope.

For de Castro, one of the greatest achievements in space exploration is right here on earth. The Arte mis Accords are a series of bi-lateral agreements between nations participating in the Artemis pro gram, bringing together scientists from around the globe as part of an effort to return humans to the moon.

“This is how science is done today,” she said. “It teaches us how to deal with one another.”

JAMES WEBB ES SOLO LA PUNTA DEL ICEBERG EN LA EXPLORACIÓN ESPACIAL

Marcio Meléndez trabaja en el Instituto de Cien cias del Telescopio Espacial (STSci) en Baltimore, Maryland, y formó parte del equipo que trabajó en los espejos de Webb. “Hace tres años, solo conocíamos un exoplaneta”, planetas que orbitan estrellas fuera de nuestro propio sistema solar. “Ahora tenemos 5.000 exoplanetas y muchos de ellos son similares a la Tierra”.

Jenny Manrique Ethnic Media Services

El descubrimiento de la galaxia de Andrómeda por parte del astrónomo estadounidense Edwin Hubble en 1924 cambió drásticamente nuestra comprensión del universo, demostrando su ex tensión mucho más allá de nuestra propia Vía Láctea. Desde entonces, la NASA ha puesto en órbita más de 90 telescopios con la esperanza de profundizar aún más nuestra visión del cosmos.

E

lanzamiento exitoso del telescopio James Webb en diciembre revitalizó el entusiasmo por las aparentes infinitas oportunidades para expandir nuestra comprensión del universo. Según los científicos, el próximo gran esfuerzo es construir una base en la luna.

Ese objetivo es parte de la misión detrás del co hete lunar Artemis 1, cuyo lanzamiento se retrasó nuevamente debido al huracán Ida que ahora azota la costa de Florida.

“La misión es garantizar que viajar a la luna para los humanos durante muchos días sea seguro”, dijo Alexandra de Castro, comunicadora de cien cia y tecnología de PASQAL, que diseña pro gramas de computación cuántica.

Cuando se lance, Artemis 1 llevará maniquíes de tamaño humano fijados con detectores para de terminar la cantidad de radiación a la que los as tronautas podrían estar expuestos durante perío dos de tiempo más largos en la luna. Según de Castro, el lanzamiento de Artemis 2, programado para mayo de 2024, llevará a cuatro astronautas, incluida posiblemente la primera mujer astronau ta en caminar sobre la luna.

Castro habló durante una rueda de prensa orga nizada por Ethnic Media Services sobre lo que se avecina en la exploración espacial.

“China y Rusia también están colaborando en una base lunar”, señaló de Castro, insinuando el potencial de una nueva carrera espacial como la que definió gran parte de la Guerra Fría luego del lanzamiento del cohete Sputnik por parte de la Unión Soviética en 1957.

En años más recientes, Rusia había estado co laborando con la NASA en la Estación Espacial Internacional y estaba trabajando tanto con la NASA como con la Agencia Espacial Europea en el proyecto Gateway, cuyo objetivo es establecer una estación orbital alrededor de la luna. Los ali mentos y otros suministros debían transportarse desde la Tierra a la estación utilizando módulos de fabricación rusa.

Pero Rusia cortó toda cooperación inmediata mente después de su invasión de Ucrania, y des de entonces ha recurrido a su aliado en Beijing, enfatizó de Castro.

La última misión tripulada a la luna fue el Apolo 17 en 1972. El viaje en ese entonces tomó 12 días y estuvo plagado de peligros potenciales dado lo poco que los científicos sabían sobre los riesgos de los viajes espaciales.

“Ahora tenemos mucha información de los 20 años de experiencia con la Estación Espacial Internacional”, dijo de Castro, y agregó que esta próxima fase en el alcance de la humanidad hacia las estrellas tiene una gran posibilidad en campos que se extienden mucho más allá del espacio: desde la atención médica hasta comunicaciones, transporte y cambio climático.

Y luego está la cuestión de la vida extraterrestre.

Ese esfuerzo ha llevado al descubrimiento de miles de millones de estrellas y galaxias y ha acer cado a la humanidad más que en cualquier otro momento de la historia a responder algunas de nuestras preguntas más desconcertantes y pro fundas: de dónde venimos, cómo se formó el universo y cuál es su origen. ¿Hay vida fuera de nuestro sistema solar?

“Necesitamos pensar en grande y no hay nada más grande que James Webb”, dijo Meléndez. “Piense en un telescopio tan sensible que puede ver la firma de calor de un abejorro en la luna”.

Esa sensibilidad se debe en parte a la tecnología óptica infrarroja de Webb, que debe permanecer a una temperatura de otro mundo de menos de 7 kelvin, o aproximadamente 500° Fahrenheit negativo. Mantener condiciones tan gélidas, in cluso en el vacío del espacio profundo, requiere una enorme visera solar similar a un origami que proteja al telescopio de los cálidos rayos del sol.

“Prácticamente cada imagen que tomamos con James Webb es un campo profundo”, es decir, una imagen que se asoma a la negrura del es pacio, explicó Meléndez. Cada imagen, agrega, contiene “cientos de galaxias en el fondo”, lo que convierte a Webb en algo parecido a una “máqui na del tiempo”, capaz de ver la luz que ha viajado miles de millones de años hasta los orígenes del universo.

El telescopio también puede detectar cómo se forman los planetas y las estrellas y cómo interac túan las galaxias.

“Webb puede caracterizar la abundancia de diferentes moléculas en las atmósferas de los exoplanetas”, lo que puede ayudar a determinar la presencia de vida, dijo Nicole Arulanantham de STSci. “Ahora, si esa vida es inteligente, no lo sabemos”.

La principal área de investigación de Arulanan tham es la formación de estrellas y planetas. Con el Telescopio Espacial Hubble, ella y su equipo han estado observando cómo las estrellas jóvenes usan la luz ultravioleta en el proceso de formación de planetas. “Esto nos dice qué tan rápido están creciendo las estrellas”, dijo.

Con Webb, ella y su equipo ahora podrán deter minar el papel que juega el agua en ese proceso, explicando que con el telescopio se pueden ver moléculas como el cianuro de hidrógeno, un im portante portador de hidrógeno, carbono y ni trógeno, esencial para la formación de vida en la tierra.

Para de Castro, uno de los mayores logros en la exploración espacial está aquí en la tierra. Los Acuerdos de Artemis son una serie de acuerdos bilaterales entre las naciones que participan en el programa Artemis, que reúne a científicos de todo el mundo como parte de un esfuerzo por devolver a los humanos a la luna.

“Así es como se hace la ciencia hoy”, dijo. “Nos

questions: where do we come from, how was the universe formed, and is there life outside our solar system?

Alexandra de Castro, science and technology communi cator at PASQAL. Photo Credit: Alexandra de Castro

Photo Credit: NASA / Unsplash

Manténgase fuera del hospital, quédese con sus nietos

Es tiempo de recibir la vacuna contra la gripe y la dosis de refuerzo ómicron

Protéjase de complicaciones graves de salud.

Hay un refuerzo de COVID actualizado. Es especialmente importante que los adultos mayores lo obtengan.

Todas las personas mayores de 6 meses deben vacunarse contra la gripe este otoño.

Póngase las dos vacunas en una sola visita. Hable con su médico para programar una cita o acuda a la farmacia más cercana.

LlAME 2-1-1

sccphd.org/protéjalos

Comunidad

Unidos podemos lograr más

En Bank of America, seguimos apoyando a las comunidades minoritarias locales para ayudar a impulsar las oportunidades económicas y el crecimiento. La determinación y pasión de los hispanos-latinos es la inspiración de nuestro compromiso de lograr más metas como aliado de confianza. Estas son algunas de las maneras en que estamos ayudando:

Escuchamos

Nuestros comités empresariales para hispanos-latinos en todo el país se enfocan en entender las necesidades de nuestros clientes para poder servirles mejor.

Apoyamos

Estamos ampliando nuestra asociación con la organización Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute, Inc., para ayudar a los nuevos líderes a alcanzar el éxito en la economía actual.

Cumplimos

Nuestra plataforma Mejores Hábitos Financieros® está disponible en español para ayudar a las personas a desarrollar conocimientos financieros y tomar decisiones informadas con confianza.

Mis compañeros y yo estamos orgullosos del trabajo que realizamos en el Área de la Bahía para abordar las necesidades de nuestros clientes y de las comunidades minoritarias a las que servimos.

Raquel González Presidente de Bank of America en Silicon Valley

¿Qué quiere lograr? ®

Conozca más en bankofamerica.com/siliconvalley (solo se ofrece en inglés).

Bank of America, Mejores Hábitos Financieros y el logotipo de Bank

comerciales

of America Corporation. Bank of America, N.A.

NEW CA LAWS AIM TO IMPROVE COLLEGE GRADUATION RATES

Suzanne Potter California News Service

On the last day to sign bills this legis lative session, Gov Gavin Newsom approved a slew of measures to im prove college graduation rates, particularly for students from low-income communities.

One proposal, Assembly Bill 1705, requires community colleges to place more students in transfer-level courses.

Joshua Hagen - policy director for the Cam paign for College Opportunity - said previ ously, students had to take high-stakes entry exams that diverted too many people, espe cially students of color, into years of remedial courses that don't count toward a degree.

"Whatever classes students took in high school, whatever GPA they had, the best way that we can support them is starting them in something that will earn them col lege credit," said Hagen. "Making sure they get supports rather than starting in a reme dial class - taking one, two, three semesters before they even get to that starting line."

Other new laws will expand tutoring ser vices and cancel some student debt for col lege students who dropped out, so they can afford to re-enroll and finish their degrees.

Hagen noted that another new bill says stu

dents won't lose part of their financial aid from the state if they work hard to win a pri vate scholarship.

"There was nothing to prevent the state from saying, 'Okay, we will now reduce your state financial aid by $1,000 since you have - quote, unquote - less need,' " said Hagen.

Another bill would require Cal State and community colleges to grant priority regis tration to students who are raising children.

CA NUEVAS LEYES INTENTAN MEJORAR TASAS DE GRADUACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA

Campaign for College Opportunity, dijo anteri ormente que los estudiantes tenían que tomar exámenes de ingreso de alto riesgo que des viaban a demasiadas personas, especialmente estudiantes de color, a anos de cursos de recu peración que no cuentan para obtener un título.

"Independientemente de las clases que toma ron los estudiantes en la escuela secundaria, cualquiera que sea el GPA que hayan tenido, la mejor manera en que podemos apoyarlos es iniciarlos en algo que les permita obtener crédi tos universitarios. Asegurarse de que reciban apoyo en lugar de comenzar en una clase de recuperación que es tomar uno, dos o tres se mestres antes de llegar a esa línea de partida", expreso el entrevistado.

Otras leyes nuevas ampliaran los servicios de tutoría y cancelaran algunas deudas estudian tiles a los estudiantes universitarios que aban donaron los estudios, para que puedan volver a inscribirse y terminarlos.

Suzanne Potter California News Service

Elúltimo día para firmar proyectos de ley en esta sesión legislativa, el gobernador

Gavin Newsom aprobó una serie de me didas para mejorar las tasas de graduación universitaria, en particular para los estudiantes de comunidades de bajos ingresos. Una pro puesta, con el título Proyecto de Ley 1705 de la Asamblea, requiere que los colegios comu nitarios coloquen a más estudiantes en cursos de nivel de transferencia. Joshua Hagen, de

Hagen señala que otro nuevo proyecto de ley dice que los estudiantes no perderán parte de su ayuda financiera del estado si trabajan duro para ganar una beca privada.

"No había nada que impidiera que el estado dijera: 'Esta bien, ahora reduciremos su ayuda financiera estatal en $1,000 ya que tiene, entre comillas, me nos necesidad'.", comento Hagen sobre uno de los nuevos proyectos en la legislatura.

Otro proyecto de ley requeriría que Cal State y los colegios comunitarios otorguen inscripción prioritaria a los estudiantes que son padres.

Usted se merece más.

Disfrute de la ventaja de tener un socio financiero con empatía con el que puede contar hoy, y mañana. Reciba el consejo que usted necesita, cuando lo necesita.

Más valor, más conveniente

Empiece su membresía de Patelco hoy

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24703 Amador St

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About 80% of Latino college students in California graduate in four years, compared to about 88% of white students, according to the California Dept. of Education. Photo Credit: Digitalskillet1 / Adobe Stock

Q&A: THE NEW INCANTATION OF HOCUS POCUS 2 WITH BELISSA ESCOBEDO

Arturo Hilario El Observador

Q&A: EL NUEVO CONJURO DE HOCUS POCUS 2 CON BELISSA ESCOBEDO

la película original que creció viendo y cómo se siente saber que se ha convertido en parte de la historia de Hocus Pocus.

Actress

Belissa Escobedo grew up watch ing the original Hocus Pocus every Hal loween, just like many children have since the now iconic Halloween classic premiered on home video after its initial disastrous theatrical release in 1993.

At the time, the film left theaters with a quiet whimper, but with the release to home video, time and appreciation accumulated, transform ing the film’s identity from nearly forgotten and peculiar 90’s movie to a beloved cult classic and one of Disney’s most popular properties.

Now in 2022, returning like they never left, the Sanderson sisters, played by the incredible Bette Midler, Sarah Jessica Parker and Kathy Najimy, return to cause havoc in Salem for one more night with new showtunes, hilarity and the spe cial touch of Halloween magic that made the original so great.

As the new generation of kids who have to save a town from ancient witches, Escobedo recently had the chance to talk to us about the new se quel, what it was like for her to work with the legendary actors of the original movie she grew up watching, and how it feels to know she has become part of the Hocus Pocus story.

Hocus Pocus 2 is now streaming exclusively on Disney+.

So, to start off, was Hocus Pocus was one of the movies that you would watch as a child growing up?

Yeah, we watch it every single Halloween. It's my mom and I's favorite movie. I think I was probably watching it as a baby, I just don't remember. Very fond memories of it, it reminds me of Halloween and fall and family.

How does it feel to be part of the story's con tinuation now and knowing that you'll be part of other people's Halloween memories and traditions from now on?

It's crazy to think about it. I love this franchise so much and to be in this world is awesome. To be involved in people's Halloween traditions, I have such fond memories of it so it feels really special to be included in that.

Could you talk a little bit about your character of Izzy and what her role is in this story?

Yeah, she's one of the three girls who accidently resurrect the Sanderson sisters and then has to work on saving Salem and her friends. She's a very funny character, she's always trying to find the bright side of things, the funny side of things and she loves her friends, she'd do anything for them.

And what was it like for you and your fellow actors coming in as the new cast members to work alongside the original cast including Bette Midler, Sarah Jessica Parker and Kathy Najimy?

Definitely scary. They're such talented, respect artists and so to share a space with them is such an honor. So I think we were all nervous, but also really excited. It was an awesome, once in a life time experience.

Overall, how do you feel about this movie making experience?

I think it was a great one. You know, it was awe some. It was surreal, and we had a great crew and a great director. Great cast all around, it was a fond memory making it.

Definitely. And if you could pick from each movie, do you have a favorite scene or mo ment from either one?

From the first one I think it has to be the bus scene when they're first stepping on the road, that one's so good. And I think from this movie, my favorite scene, one of them has to be the Walgreens scene, where the witches walk into the Walgreens. I think those two scenes are so funny.

Finally, why would you recommend people check out this continuation of the beloved original?

I think if you love the Sanderson sisters, which who doesn't? and you love musical numbers, and laughs and all things Halloween, I think this is definitely a movie to watch. You know we've got two musical numbers in this and it's so good and so entertaining and it has so many funny new characters, new backstory. There's just a lot of stuff in there that I think the fans will enjoy.

Arturo Hilario El Observador

Laactriz Belissa Escobedo creció viendo el Hocus Pocus original cada Halloween, al igual que muchos niños desde que el ahora icónico clásico de Halloween se estrenó en video casero después de su desastroso estreno en cines en 1993.

En ese momento, la película salió de los cines con un gemido silencioso, pero con el lanzamiento en video casero, el tiempo y el reconocimiento se acumularon, transformando la identidad de la película de una película peculiar y casi olvidada de los 90’s a un clásico de culto querido y una de las propiedades más populares de Disney.

Ahora en 2022, regresando como si nunca se hu bieran ido, las hermanas Sanderson, interpreta das por las increíbles Bette Midler, Sarah Jes sica Parker y Kathy Najimy, regresan para causar estragos en Salem una noche más con nuevas melodías, diversión y el toque especial de la ma gia de Halloween que hizo el original tan grande.

Como la nueva generación de niños que tienen que salvar un pueblo de las brujas ancestrales, Escobedo recientemente tuvo la oportunidad de hablarnos sobre la nueva secuela, cómo fue para ella trabajar con los actores legendarios de

Hocus Pocus 2 ahora se transmite exclusiva mente por Disney+.

Entonces, para empezar, ¿Hocus Pocus era una de las películas que veías cuando eras niña?

Sí, la vemos todos los Halloween. Es la película favorita de mi mamá y mía. Creo que probable mente la estaba viendo desde que era una bebé, pero no lo recuerdo. Tengo muy buenos recuer dos de ella, me recuerda a Halloween, el otoño y la familia.

¿Cómo se siente ser parte de la continuación de la historia ahora y saber que a partir de ahora serás parte de los recuerdos y tradicio nes de Halloween de otras personas?

Es una locura pensar en eso. Amo tanto esta fran quicia y estar en este mundo es increíble. Estar in volucrada en las tradiciones de Halloween de la gente, tengo muy buenos recuerdos de eso, así que se siente realmente especial estar incluida en eso.

¿Podrías hablar un poco sobre tu personaje de Izzy y cuál es su papel en esta historia?

Sí, ella es una de las tres chicas que accidental mente resucitan a las hermanas Sanderson y lu ego tiene que trabajar para salvar a Salem y sus amigos. Es un personaje muy divertido, siempre está tratando de encontrar el lado bueno de las cosas, el lado divertido de las cosas y ama a sus amigos, haría cualquier cosa por ellos.

¿Y cómo fue para ti y tus compañeros actores entrar como los nuevos miembros del elenco para trabajar junto al elenco original, que in cluye a Bette Midler, Sarah Jessica Parker y Kathy Najimy?

Definitivamente aterrador. Son tan talentosos, re spetan a los artistas y compartir un espacio con ellos es un gran honor. Así que creo que todos estábamos nerviosos, pero también muy emo cionados. Fue una experiencia increíble, única en la vida.

En general, ¿Cómo te sientes acerca de esta experiencia cinematográfica?

Creo que fue genial. Ya sabes, fue increíble. Fue surrealista, y teníamos un gran equipo y un gran director. Un gran elenco en general, fue un gran recuerdo hacerlo.

Definitivamente. Y si pudieras elegir de cada película, ¿Tienes una escena o momento fa vorito de cada una de ellas?

De la primera, creo que tiene que ser la escena del autobús cuando pisan la carretera por prim era vez, esa es muy buena. Y creo que de esta película, mi escena favorita, una de ellas tiene que ser la escena de Walgreens, donde las brujas entran a Walgreens. Creo que esas dos escenas son muy graciosas.

Finalmente, ¿Por qué recomendarías a la gente que vea esta continuación del amado original?

Creo que si amas a las hermanas Sanderson, ¿quién no? y te encantan los números musicales, las risas y todas las cosas de Halloween, creo que esta es definitivamente una película para ver. Sabes que tenemos dos números musicales en esto y es tan bueno y tan entretenido y tiene tantos personajes nuevos y divertidos, una nueva historia de fondo. Hay muchas cosas ahí que creo que los fans disfrutarán.

Detrás de escena de la espeluznante y divertida secuela del clásico de culto de Disney de hace 29 años

Behind the Scenes of the Spooky, Funny Sequel to the 29-Year-old Cult Classic Disney Film

Belissa Escobedo es una de las caras nuevas de Hocus Pocus 2, quien junto a sus amigas debe ayudar a detener a las hermanas Sanderson en otra noche de Halloween llena de magia y travesuras. Photo Credit: Disney+

Belissa Escobedo is one of the new faces in Hocus Pocus 2, who along with her friends needs to help stop the Sanderson sisters on another Halloween night full of magic and hijinks. Photo Credit: Timothy Fernandez

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT

NO. 689133

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: AGRUPACION DE COMERCIANTES

DEL NORTE DE

CALIFORNIA, 459 S.

Capitol Ave Suite 12, San Jose, CA 95127, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Mayra L Perez, 459 S. Capitol Ave Suite 12, San Jose, CA 95127. The registrant began trans acting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/30/2022. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Mayra L Perez

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/30/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Corinne Vasquez, Deputy File No. FBN 689133

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT

NO. 689001

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: LOBO’S TACOS 1620 Crucero Dr Apt 1, San Jose, CA 95122, Santa Clara County This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Karen Anahi Villalobos Huerta, 1620 Crucero Dr Apt 1, San Jose, CA 95122. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/16/2022. This filing is a refile [Change(s) in facts from previous] of previous file #: FBN685311. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Karen Anahi Villalo bos Huerta

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/26/2022.

Regina Alcomendras,

County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Corinne Vasquez, Deputy File No. FBN 689001

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 689138

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: GOLDEN GATE REALTY COMPANY, 1264 E Fremont Terrace, Sunnyvale, CA 94087, Santa Clara County

This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence ad dress of the registrant(s) is (are): Jennifer J Chen, 1264 E Fremont Terrace, Sunnyvale, CA 94087. The registrant began transacting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 7/01/1997. This filing is a refile [Change(s) in facts from previous filing] of previous file #: FBN635200. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.) /s/ Jennifer J. Chen This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/30/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Nina Khamphilath, Deputy File No. FBN 689138

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 689231

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: JOSPER ELECTRIC, 6882 Aintree Drive, San Jose, CA 95119, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Jose Arredondo Perez, 6882 Aintree Drive, San Jose, CA 95119. The registrant began trans acting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 10/04/2022. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Jose Perez Arre

dondo

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 10/04/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Corinne Vasquez, Deputy File No. FBN 689231

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688862

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: CARNITAS MICHO ACAN, 5526 Monterey Road, San Jose, CA 95138, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by a limited liability company. The name and residence ad dress of the registrant(s) is (are): CARNITAS MI CHOACAN LLC, 9523 Navajo Ct, Gilroy, CA 95020. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 10/01/2022.

This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all informa tion in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Itzel Lazcano CARNITAS MICHO ACAN LLC President Article/Reg#: 202024610269

Above entity was formed in the state of CA This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/20/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Sandy Chanthasy, Deputy File No. FBN 688862

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688870

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: Birrio Taros y An tojitos al Estilo Jalisco 1684 S 7th St, San Jose, CA 95112, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Alma Gonzalez, 151 N King Rd, San Jose, CA 95116. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious

business name(s) listed above on 9/20/2022.

This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all informa tion in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Alma Gonzalez

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/20/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Corinne Vasquez, Deputy

File No. FBN 688870

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688918

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: Las 3 Maria’s Bakery, 3481 McKee Rd, San Jose, CA 95127, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence ad dress of the registrant(s) is (are): Ma. Concepcion Vallejo, 254 Southside Dr, San Jose, CA 95111.

The registrant began transacting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/22/2022.

This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all informa tion in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Ma. Concepcion Vallejo

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/22/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Elaine Fader, Deputy

File No. FBN 688918

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688832

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: J&M Solutions, 1235 Locost St, San Jose, CA 95110, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Johan Michael Serrano Luna, 1235

Locost St, San Jose, CA 95110. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on N/A. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Johan Michael Ser rano Luna

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/19/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Corinne Vasquez, Deputy

File No. FBN 688832

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688869

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: Monitos, 1590 Ber ryessa Rd, San Jose, CA 95133, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by a married couple. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Alma Gonzalez, 151 N King Rd, San Jose, CA 95116. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/20/2022. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all informa tion in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Alma Gonzalez

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/20/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Corinne Vasquez, Deputy

File No. FBN 688869

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688632

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: Great Builder 1021 E. Empire St, San Jose, CA 95112, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is

Distrito de Tránsito del Condado de San Mateo (SamTrans) busca un miembro para la Junta

La Junta Directiva del Distrito de Tránsito del Condado de San Mateo (San Mateo County Transit District) busca postulantes para ocupar un puesto de miembro público. El candidato exitoso será uno de nueve directores responsables de establecer la política del Distrito de Tránsito que opera el servicio de autobuses de SamTrans. Los postulantes deben ser residentes de la región costera del Condado de San Mateo y no deben haber ocupado un cargo electivo dentro del último año. Las solicitudes se encuentran disponibles en línea en: https://samtrans.com/about-samtrans/boarddirectors o llamando al 650-508-6242. La fecha límite para recibir solicitudes es el 4 de noviembre de 2022

(are): Cesar Alejandro Chavez Contreras, 1021 E. Empire St, San Jose, CA 95112. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/12/2022.

This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all informa tion in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Cesar A. Chavez Contreras This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/12/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder By: /s/ Corinne Vasquez, Deputy File No. FBN 688632

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 689105

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: LAW OFFICES OF PHUC DINH DO, PC, 181 South King Road, San Jose, CA 95116, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by a corporation. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): LAW OFFICES OF PHUC DINH DO, PC, 181 South King Road, San Jose, CA 95116. The registrant began trans acting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/29/2022. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is

guilty of a crime.)

/s/ PHUC DINH DO Law Offices of Phuc Dinh Do, PC Director

Article/Reg#: 3633327

Above entity was formed in the state of CA This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/29/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Patty Camarena, Deputy File No. FBN 689105

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV403854

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: Dorian Golan TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s)

Dorian Golan has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as fol lows: a. Dorian Frances Golan to Dorian Frances Smith 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all per sons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the pe tition for change of name should not be granted.

Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the

petition without a hear ing.

NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 12/27/2022 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Oct 03, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV403046

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: MAHN HONG TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) MAHN HONG has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. MAHN HONG to BOBBY BUNSEKI 2. THE COURT OR DERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the

petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 12/27/2022 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara.

Sep 13, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV403858

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: Chloe Kilbane TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Chloe Kilbane has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Chloe Marie Kilbane to Chloe Marie Herbert 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all per sons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the pe tition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 1/31/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the

county of Santa Clara. Oct 03, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo

Judge of the Superior Court

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV403866

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of Raina Martinez and Irving Martinez TO ALL IN TERESTED PERSONS:

1. Petitioner(s) Raine Martinez and Irving Martinez have filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Iveth Analiza Martinez Gonzalez to Ingrid Analee Martinez Gonzalez 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 2/07/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara.

Oct 03, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV403223

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the

application of: Sergio Adolfo Gutierrez TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Sergio Adolfo Gutierrez has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Sergio Adolfo Gutierrez to Adolfo Ruiz Gutierrez 2. THE COURT OR DERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 1/24/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Sep 19, 2022 Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV401321

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: Megan Fowler & Darryl Fowler II TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Megan Fowler & Darryl Fowler II has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Ethan Carter Guruwaiya-Fowler to Ethan Carter Fowler 2. THE COURT OR DERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated

below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 11/15/2022 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Jul 28, 2022 Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV403436

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of: Giyil Janice Chang TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s)

Giyil Janice Chang has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Giyil Janice Chang to Janice Bae 2. THE COURT OR DERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear

ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 1/31/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Sep 26, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV401209

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: Jacqueline Rocha Hernandez TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Jacqueline Rocha Hernandez has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Jacqueline Rocha-Hernandez AKA Jacqueline Rocha Her nandez to Jacqueline Lopez Rocha 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing.

NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 11/15/2022 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the

county of Santa Clara. Jul 26, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo

Judge of the Superior Court

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV403613

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of: Alex Alijah Hartzler TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Alex Alijah Hartzler has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Alex Alijah Hartzler to Alex Alijah Terreau 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 1/31/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Sep 29, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV403652

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of: Truong Huu Pham TO ALL IN

TERESTED PERSONS:

1. Petitioner(s) Truong Huu Pham has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Truong Huu Pham to James Huu Pham 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all per sons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the pe tition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 1/31/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara.

Sep 30, 2022 Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

October 7, 14, 21, 28, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 689000

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: Lock Outs and Jump Starts, 6130 Monterey Hwy #238, San Jose, CA 95138, Santa Clara County This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence ad dress of the registrant(s) is (are): Marco Valencia, 6130 Monterey Hwy #238, San Jose, CA 95138. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/26/2022.

This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all informa tion in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows

to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Marco Valencia

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/26/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Nina Khamphilath, Deputy

FBN 689000

September 30; Octo ber 7, 14, 21, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 689058

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: ROSIE’S GREEN CLEANING, 1311 Danube Way, San Jose, CA 95116, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an indi vidual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): ROSA I GUARDADO, 1311 Danube Way, San Jose, CA 95116. The registrant began trans acting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/27/2022. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Rosa I Guardado

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/27/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder By: /s/ Corinne Vasquez, Deputy File No. FBN 689058

September 30; Octo ber 7, 14, 21, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 689092

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: 11 CONCRETE AND PAVING INC, 443 Woodcock Ct, Milpitas, CA 95035, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by a corpora tion. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): 11 CONCRETE AND PAVING INC, 443 Woodcock Ct, Milpitas, CA 95035. The registrant began trans acting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/29/2022. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this

statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Silvia Ortega 11 CONCRETE AND PAVING INC President Article/Reg#: C4847060

Above entity was formed in the state of CA This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/29/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Ronald Nguyen, Deputy File No. FBN 689092

September 30; Octo ber 7, 14, 21, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 689043

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: NA BODY SCULPT ING & BEAUTY

ACADEMY, 3566

Pleasant Crest Drive, San Jose, CA 95148, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence ad dress of the registrant(s) is (are): Norma Alvarez, 3566 Pleasant Cret Drive, San Jose, CA 95148. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on N/A. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Norma Alvarez

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/27/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Ronald Nguyen, Deputy

File No. FBN 689043

September 30; Octo ber 7, 14, 21, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688903

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: Jazmin Clean ing Company 1254 Coronado Dr. Apt #7, Sunnyvale, CA 94086, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence ad

dress of the registrant(s) is (are): YARELI JAZMIN MARTINEZ VARGAS, 1254 Coronado Dr. Apt #7, Sunnyvale, CA 94086. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on N/A. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Yareli Jazmin Marti nez Vargas

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/21/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Corinne Vasquez, Deputy File No. FBN 688903

September 30; Octo ber 7, 14, 21, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV402238

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of: TAM THI THANH NGUYEN TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) TAM THI THANH NGUYEN has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. TAM THI THANH NGUYEN aka TAM T NGUYEN aka TAM THANH THI NGUYEN aka TAM THI NGUYEN to QUEENIE TAM NGUYEN 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 01/03/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA

95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Aug 23, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 30; Octo ber 7, 14, 21, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV401578

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: Alessio Mateus Al manza TO ALL INTER ESTED PERSONS: 1.

Petitioner(s) Alessio Ma teus Almanza has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Alessio Ma teus Almanza to Gabriel Alessio Almanza 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 11/22/2022 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Aug 01, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

AMENDED ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV403539

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of: Nasir Abbas Fakhraldin TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Nasir Abbas Fakhraldin has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Nasir Abbas Fakhraldin to Nasir Abbas Deen 2. THE COURT OR DERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing.

NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 01/31/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Sep 29, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 30; Octo ber 7, 14, 21, 2022

Sam Nguyen v. Chun AE Greeley and Salisa Greeley

Statement of Dam ages (Personal Injury or Wrongful Death)

Case No. 21CV390999

To: SALISA GREELEY

Plaintiff: Sam Nguyen, seeks damages in the above-entitled action, as follows:

1. General Damages

a. Pain, suffering and inconvenience $

250,000.00

b. Emotional Distress $ 250,000.00

2. Special Damages

a. Medical Expenses (to date) $ 100,000.00

b. Future medical ex penses (present value) $ 100,000.00

3. Punitive Damages: Plaintiff reserves the right to seek punitive damages in the amount of $500,000 when pursuing a judgment in the suit filed against you.

Date: July 15, 2022

/s/ David A. Trinh

Run Dates: September 30, October 7, 14 and 21, 2022

Sam Nguyen v. Chun AE Greeley and Salisa Greeley

Statement of Dam ages (Personal Injury or Wrongful Death)

Case No. 21CV390999

Statement of Dam ages (Personal Injury or Wrongful Death)

Case No. 21CV390999

To: CHUN AE GREELEY

Plaintiff: Sam Nguyen, seeks damages in the above-entitled action, as follows:

4. General Damages

c. Pain, suffering and inconvenience $ 250,000.00

d. Emotional Distress $ 250,000.00

5. Special Damages

c. Medical Expenses (to date) $ 100,000.00

d. Future medical ex penses (present value) $ 100,000.00

6. Punitive Damages: Plaintiff reserves the right to seek punitive damages in the amount of $500,000 when pursuing a judgment in the suit filed against you.

Date: July 15, 2022 /s/ David A. Trinh Run Dates: September 30, October 7, 14 and 21, 2022

EMPLOYMENT AD Senior Gameplay Engineer: 5 yrs wk exp req’d.

Systems Analyst: Bachelor’s in Visual and Game Program ming, or equivalent, plus 3yrs wk exp req’d. Send resumes to: Striking Distance Studios, Inc., 6111 Bollinger Canyon Rd., Ste. 150, San Ramon, CA 94583, Attn: J. Yosenick.

Run Date: September 30, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688063

The following person(s) is (are) doing busi ness as: TWO ZONE CHICKEN, 1092 E. El Camino Real, Sunny vale, CA 94087, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): TYE-TAZY LIN, 1460 Halford Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051. The registrant began trans acting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 7/01/2022. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ TYE-TAZY LIN This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 08/23/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Corrine Vasquez, Deputy File No. FBN 688063

September 9, 16, 23 and 30, 2022

AMENDED ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV397716

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of: SEYE DEH MASOOMEH MARDANI TO ALL IN TERESTED PERSONS: 1. Petitioner(s) SEYE DEH MASOOMEH MARDANI has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. SEYEDEH MASOOMEH MAR DANI to AZADEH MARDANI. 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must

appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 10/11/2022 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Sept 7, 2022

Jacqueline M. Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 9, 16, 23 and 30, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688836

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: LUMINATION DESIGN SIGNS, 2340 Samoa Way, San Jose, CA 95122, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by a corporation. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): LUMINATION DESIGN SIGNS INC, 2340 Samoa Way, San Jose, CA 95122. The registrant began trans acting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 4/05/2022. This filing is a refile [Change(s) in facts from previous filing] of previous file #: FBN627402. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Benito Ciriaco LUMINATION DESIGN SIGNS INC Owner

Article/Reg#: 4720172

Above entity was formed in the state of CA This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/20/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Elaine Fader, Deputy File No. FBN 688836

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

FICTITIOUS

BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT

NO. 688724

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: LLAMAS CLEANING, 1461 Chabot Way, San Jose, CA 95122, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Roxana Cruz Llamas, 1461 Chabot Way, San Jose, CA 95122. The registrant began trans acting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/14/2022. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Roxana Cruz Llamas This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/14/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Corrine Vasquez, Deputy File No. FBN 688724

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688711

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: FLOURISH MO TION, 4405 Pinon Pl, San Jose, CA 95136, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence ad dress of the registrant(s) is (are): HONG MINH BUI, 4405 Pinon Pl, San Jose, CA 95136. The registrant began trans acting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/14/2022. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Hong Minh Bui This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/14/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Sandy Chanthasy, Deputy File No. FBN 688711

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688678

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: LIGHTS ENTER PRISES, 318 Checkers Drive Apt 208, San Jose, CA 95133, Santa Clara County This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): LUCAS LOC THAI, 318 Checkers Drive Apt 208, San Jose, CA 95133. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on N/A. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Lucas Loc Thai This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/13/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Corinne Vasquez, Deputy File No. FBN 688678

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSI NESS NAME STATE MENT NO. 688375

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: PLASTIC TECHNICAL SUPPORT, 533 Gregory St, San Jose, CA 95125, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an Individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Jesus Alberto Gonzalez Orozco, 533 Gregory St, San Jose, CA 95125. The registrant began transacting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on N/A. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Jesus Alberto Gon zalez Owner This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/01/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Elaine Fader, Deputy

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688682

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: TAQUERIA Y MAR ISCOS EL PONY, 768 Deland Avenue Apt #1, San Jose, CA 95128, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Bernardo Garcia, 768 Deland Avenue Apt #1, San Jose, CA 95128. The registrant began transacting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on N/A. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.) /s/ Bernardo Garcia This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/13/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder By: /s/ Corinne Vasquez, Deputy File No. FBN 688682

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688733

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: CDMX INTERPRE TATION SERVICE, 917 North 7th Street, San Jose, CA 95112, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Fernando Corteś, 917 N 7th St, San Jose, CA 95112. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/14/2022. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all informa tion in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Fernando Corteś Owner

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/14/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Ronald Nguyen, Deputy File No. FBN 688733

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV403154

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of: Mar garet Emma Ross TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Margaret Emma Ross has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Margaret Emma Ross to Emma Ross Reuther 2. THE COURT OR DERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing.

NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 01/24/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Sep 15, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV402512

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: HOANG DIEM LIEN NGUYEN TO ALL INTERESTED PER

SONS: 1. Petitioner(s)

NOTICE OF HEAR

HOANG DIEM LIEN NGUYEN has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. HOANG DIEM LIEN NGUYEN to BETTY NGUYEN 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing.

ING: Date: 01/03/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Aug 29, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV397094

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: THU THAO HO AND JOHNNY LE TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) THU THAO HO AND JOHNNY LE have filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. KHANG LE to KHANG ANDY LE 2. THE COURT OR DERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted.

Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing.

located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Jul 20, 2022

NOTICE OF HEAR

ING: Date: 07/26/2022 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Apr 20, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV400919

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: Stella Shinyi Chen TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Stella Chen has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Stella Shinyi Chen AKA Stella Chen to Stella Lu 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing.

NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 11/08/2022 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept.,

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV403165

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: Mariya Korshunova TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Mariya Korshunova has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Mariya Korshunova to Maria Korshunova

2. THE COURT OR DERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 01/24/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara.

Sep 15, 2022 Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV403098

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: Anthony Wolf TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Anthony Wolf has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as fol lows: a. Anthony David Wolf to Jacob Hunter 2. THE COURT OR DERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing.

names as follows: a. Trinh Hong Tien Nguyen to Karre Trinh Nguyen b. Thi Minh Huong Trinh to Edna Huong Trinh 2. THE COURT OR DERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing.

NOTICE OF HEAR

ING: Date: 01/17/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Sep 14, 2022 Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV403261

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of: Thi Minh Huong TrinhHong Dinh Nguyen TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s)

Thi Minh Huong Trinh – Hong Dinh Nguyen has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing

NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 01/24/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara.

Sep 20, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV402666

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: Victoria Leon TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Victoria Leon has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Roberto Leon Jr to Roberto Jr Leon Galvan 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all per sons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the pe tition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least

two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing.

NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 01/03/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara.

Sep 01, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME

NO. 22CV402961

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: Yating Chang, Chifeng Hung TO ALL INTER ESTED PERSONS:

1. Petitioner(s) Yating Chang, Chifeng Hung has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows:

a. Chen-En Hung to Adam Chenen Hung b. Chen-Ning Hung to Ariel Chenning Hung 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 12/27/2022 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA

95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara.

Sep 12, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME

NO. 22CV402090

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of: PHUC THANH NGUYEN and THI THANH THUY NGUYEN TO ALL IN TERESTED PERSONS: 1. Petitioner(s) PHUC THANH NGUYEN and THI THANH THUY NGU has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. PHUC AN NHIEN NGUYEN to JULIAN NGUYEN 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 12/13/2022 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara.

Jul 26, 2022

Jacqueline Arroyo Judge of the Superior

Court

September 23, 30; October 7, 14, 2022

Notice of Petition to Administer Estate of Peter Berger Case No. 21PR191462

1.To all heirs, ben eficiaries, creditors, contingent creditors, and persons who may be interested in the will or estate, or both, of Peter Berger, Peter A. Berger. 2. A Petition for Probate has been filed by Helga K. Vynis in the Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara. 3.The Petition for Probate requests that Helga K. Vynis be appointed as personal representative to ad minister the estate of the decedent. 5. The peti tion requests authority to administer the estate under the Independent Administer of Estate Act. (This authority will allow the personal representative to take any actions without ob taining court approval.

Before taking certain very important actions, however, the personal representative will be required to give notice to interested persons unless they have waived notice or consent to the proposed action.) The independent adminis tration authority will be granted unless an inter ested person Files and objection to the petition and shows good cause why the court should not grant the authority. 6. A hearing on the petition will be held in this court as follows: October 27, 2022, at 9:01am, Dept. 5, located at 191 North First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 7. If you object to the granting of this peti tion, you should appear at the hearing and state your objections or file written objections with the court before the hearing. Your appear ance may be in person or by your attorney. 8. If you are a creditor or contingent creditor of the decedent, you must file your claim with the court and mail a copy to the personal repre sentative appointed by the court within the later of either: 1) four months from the date of first issuance of letters to a general personal rep resentative as defined in section 58(b) of the California Probate Code, or 2) 60 days from

the date of mailing or personal delivery to you of a notice under section 9052 of the California Probate Code. Other California statutes and legal authority may affect your rights as a creditor. You may want to consult with an at torney knowledgeable in California law. 9. You may examine the file kept by the court. If you are a person interested in the estate, you may file with the court a Request for Special Notice (form DE-154) of the filing of an inventory and appraisal of estate assets or of any petition or account as provided in Probate Code section 1250. A Request for Special Notice form is available from the court clerk.

10. Attorney for Peti tioner:

Shahram Miri 80 Gilman Ave Suite 27 Campbell, CA 95008 (408)866-8382

September 23, 30; October 7, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688706

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: BIGSBY HOUSE, 1377 Lincoln Avenue, San Jose, CA 95125, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by a limited liability com pany. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): SMITH & MARQUEZ LLC, 1377 Lincoln Ave, San Jose, CA 95125.

The registrant began transacting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 7/10/2012. This filing is a refile [Change(s) in facts from previous filing] of previous file #: FBN567118. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Leticia Marquez SMITH & MARQUEZ LLC Co-Owner Article/Reg#: 201209510023

Above entity was formed in the state of CA This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/14/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Elaine Fader,

Deputy File No. FBN 688706

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688711

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: FLOURISH MO TION, 4405 Pinon Pl, San Jose, CA 95136, Santa Clara County

This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence ad dress of the registrant(s) is (are): HONG MINH BUI, 4405 Pinon Pl, San Jose, CA 95136. The registrant began trans acting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/14/2022. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.) /s/ Hong Minh Bui This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/14/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder By: /s/ Sandy Chanthasy, Deputy File No. FBN 688711

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688449

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: R&R COMPANY, POR MIS CHILES 4634 Capitola Ave, San Jose, CA 95111, Santa Clara County This busi ness is owned by a mar ried couple. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Jorge Luis Robles, 4634 Capitola Ave, San Jose, CA 95111. Lorena Robles, 4634 Capitola Ave, San Jose, CA 95111. The registrant began trans acting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/06/2022. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.) /s/ Lorena Robles

This statement was filed with the Co. Clerk-

Recorder of Santa Clara County on 09/06/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Patty Camarena, Deputy File No. FBN 688449

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688683

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: Charly the Plumber and Engineering, 556 S 11th Street Apt #3, San Jose, CA 95112, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Vincente Calos Velasquez, 556 S 11th Street Apt 3, San Jose, CA 95112. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/13/2022. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all informa tion in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Vincente Carlos Velazquez

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/13/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Ronald Nguyen, Deputy File No. FBN 688683

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688608

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: RAINBOW FRUITS, 3536 Laurant Way, San Jose, CA 95132, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Gabriela Hernandez, 3536 Laurant Way, San Jose, CA 95132. The registrant began transacting business under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on N/A. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or

she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Gabriela Hernandez

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/12/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Elaine Fader, Deputy File No. FBN 688608

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688459

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: BLUE MAX, 828 W El Camino Real, Sunny vale, CA 94087, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by a corporation. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): SC WESTSIDE INC., 828 W El Camino Real, Sunnyvale, CA 94087. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on N/A. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Josh McGhie SC WESTSIDE INC.

President Article/Reg#: 515739

Above entity was formed in the state of CA

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/06/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Ronald Nguyen, Deputy File No. FBN 688459

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688171

The following person(s) is (are) doing busi ness as: MAJESTY WINDOWS AND GUTTER CLEANING SERVICES, 347 Willow St, San Jose, CA 95110, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence ad dress of the registrant(s) is (are): Jeremias Alexander Torres Loza, 347 Willow St, San Jose, CA 95110. The registrant began transacting busi

ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on N/A. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Jeremias Torres

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 08/26/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Patty Camarena, Deputy

File No. FBN 688171

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688566

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: After Cutz Barber Shop by El Mirey, 3136 Story Rd, San Jose, CA 95127, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an indi vidual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Javier Tizatl Vega, 10051 Lyndale Ave, San Jose, CA 95127. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on 9/01/2012. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all informa tion in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Javier Tizatl Vega

This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/09/2022.

Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Patty Camarena, Deputy

File No. FBN 688566

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 688678

The following person(s) is (are) doing business as: LIGHTS ENTER PRISES, 318 Checkers Drive Apt 208, San Jose, CA 95133, Santa Clara County. This business is owned by an individual. The name and residence address of the registrant(s) is (are): Lucas Loc Thai,

318 Checkers Drive

Apt 208, San Jose, CA 95133. The registrant began transacting busi ness under the fictitious business name(s) listed above on N/A. This filing is a first filing. “I declare that all information in this statement is true and correct.” (A registrant who declares as true information which he or she knows to be false is guilty of a crime.)

/s/ Lucas Loc Thai This statement was filed with the Co. ClerkRecorder of Santa Clara County on 09/13/2022. Regina Alcomendras, County Clerk Recorder

By: /s/ Corinne Vasquez, Deputy File No. FBN 688678

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV402512

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: HOANG DIEM LIEN NGUYEN TO ALL IN TERESTED PERSONS: 1. Petitioner(s) HOANG DIEM LIEN NGUYEN has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. HOANG DIEM LIEN NGUYEN to BETTY NGUYEN 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the pe tition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing.

NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 01/03/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a

newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara.

Aug 29, 2022 Jacqueline M. Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV397094

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: THU THAO HO and JOHNNY LE TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) THU THAO HO and JOHNNY LEE has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. KHANG LE to KHANG ANDY LE 2. THE COURT OR DERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 07/26/2022 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Apr 20, 2022

Jacqueline M. Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV400919

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa

Clara-In the matter of the application of: Stella Shinyi Chen TO ALL IN TERESTED PERSONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Stella Shinyi Chen has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Stella Shinyi Chen AKA Stella Chen to Stella Lu 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the pe tition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 11/08/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Jul 20, 2022 Jacqueline M. Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV402015

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of: Shani Ziva Baron TO ALL IN TERESTED PERSONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Shani Ziva Baron, Omri Attou has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Shani Ziva Baron to Shani Eitan b. Omri Attoun to Omri Eitan c. Guy Attoun to Guy Eitan d. Alma Attoun to Alma Eitan e. Ella Attoun to Ella Eitan 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all per

sons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the pe tition for change of name should not be granted.

Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 01/17/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara.

Sep 07, 2022

Jacqueline M. Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

AMENDED ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV398237

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: Matine Azadian TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) Matine Azadian has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. Matine Aza dian to Matine Makani Azadian 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all per sons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the pe tition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the

petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 10/18/2022 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Sep 09, 2022

Jacqueline M. Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV402811

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of: DUC NGOC TRAN and HIEN THI PHUONG HO TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) DUC NGOC TRAN and THI PHUONG HIEN HO has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. HO PHUONG VY TRAN aka VY HO PHUONG TRAN to EVIE HO TRAN 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the pe tition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 01/17/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for

hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara.

Sep 07, 2022 Jacqueline M. Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV402877

Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara-In the mat ter of the application of: NGOC HIEU DOAN & NGOC THI THU PHAM TO ALL INTER ESTED PERSONS: 1.

Petitioner(s) NGOC HIEU DOAN & NGOC THI

THU PHAM has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. NGOC HAI DANG DOAN aka DANG NGOC HAI DOAN to ALEXANDER DOAN 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all per sons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the pe tition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing. NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 01/17/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Sep 08, 2022

Jacqueline M. Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW

CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV402925

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of: VY NGOC PHAM TO ALL INTERESTED PER

SONS: 1. Petitioner(s) VY NGOC PHAM has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as follows: a. VY NGOC PHAM aka NGOC-VY THI PHAM aka VY NGOC THI PHAM to NGOC VY THI PHAM

2. THE COURT OR DERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing.

lows: a. Rafaela Sanchez de Mena AKA Rafaela Mena Sanchez AKA Ra faela Sanchez Mena to Rafaela Mena 2. THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the pe tition for change of name should not be granted. Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hear ing.

NOTICE OF HEAR

ING: Date: 12/27/2022 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Sep 09, 2022

Jacqueline M. Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE FOR CHANGE OF NAME NO. 22CV402879

Superior Court of Cali fornia, County of Santa Clara-In the matter of the application of: Rafaela Sanchez de Mena TO ALL INTERESTED PER SONS: 1. Petitioner(s)

Rafaela Sanchez de Mena has filed a petition for Change of Name with the clerk of this court for a decree changing names as fol

NOTICE OF HEAR ING: Date: 01/17/2023 at 8:45 am, Probate Dept., located at 191 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95113. 3. A copy of the Order to Show cause shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in El Observador, a newspaper of general circulation, printed in the county of Santa Clara. Sep 08, 2022

Jacqueline M. Arroyo Judge of the Superior Court

September 16, 23, 30; October 7, 2022

Homeownership

LIBRA Y SUS DOCE POSIBILIDADES EN EL AMOR

Mario Jiménez Castillo

El Observador

Libra con Aries

Si los dos andan en busca de un amor duradero y pasional, con seguridad lo en contrarán. Aries pondrá el fuego y el de senfreno, Libra el deseo y la sensualidad. La intimidad entre ambos será definitiva mente ardiente. Si consiguen estimular las cualidades más positivas del otro, lograrán alcanzar la felicidad. Lo único, es que deben tener sumo cuidado con los flirteos ocasionales, los ataques de celos, y los misterios con respecto a relaciones anteriores.

Libra con Tauro

Los dos están regidos por Venus, as pecto que les vincula de manera directa, especialmente en la intimidad. Tauro le ayudará a Libra a ser más decidido. Por su parte el hijo de la balanza logrará inspi rar en Tauro los sentimientos más nobles, y le hará sentirse amado como nunca antes. Serán plenamente felices si logran balancear el dinamismo y la sensualidad, y sobre todo, si deciden entregarse de lleno a la relación siendo totalmente fieles.

Libra con Géminis

Esta relación puede resultar armoniosa y feliz si Géminis, se atreve a penetrar en el mundo sensual y romántico de Libra. Por su parte el hijo de la balanza inspirará serenidad y estabilidad en el tempera mento a veces irritable que en algunas ocasiones puede mostrar el gemelo. Son polos opuestos que se atraerán desde el primer momento. Íntimamente se en tenderán muy bien convirtiendo uno al otro en el amante perfecto.

Libra con Cáncer

En esta relación se deberá actuar con mucha paciencia y cautela. Cáncer ten derá a vigilar todos los movimientos de Libra, lo que pondrá en peligro la relación desde sus inicios. Libra necesita una bue na dosis de espacio y libertad, situación que puede confundir a Cáncer, causán dole celos profundos y mucha inseguri dad. Seguirán juntos si ambos desean mantener una relación estable y si deci den amarse incondicionalmente.

Libra con Leo

Ambos disfrutarán de los pequeños pero hermosos detalles de la vida en pareja. La música, los halagos y el romance serán punto de encuentro. Leo amará profun damente el sentido refinado y audaz de Libra. Y Libra sabrá manejar con inteli gencia y diplomacia la irritabilidad de Leo. En la alcoba serán los mejores confiden tes. Esta relación puede durar por el resto de sus vidas, solamente deben moldear el carácter y evitar los arrebatos de co raje.

Libra con Virgo

Esta pareja desarrollará desde el comien zo de la relación un sentido espiritual úni

co. Juntos analizarán la vida y pondrán un toque de paz y armonía a su alrededor. Virgo ayudará a Libra a ganar seguridad y el típico nativo de Libra, llenará de calma, sensualidad y buen gusto los espacios de Virgo. Evitando los celos en ocasiones injustificados y los secretos, entonces lograrán consolidar una pareja feliz.

Libra con Libra

Esta unión será notable, se entenderán a la perfección y aún en la adversidad, sa brán mantener la calma y encontrarán el lado positivo de cada situación. Ambos estimularán el sentido artístico del otro. La diplomacia que les caracteriza les ale jará de sufrir confrontaciones. Aunque a

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los dos les gusta coquetear por aquí y por allá, se darán cuenta que todo lo que necesitan y han buscado en el amor lo tienen en su pareja.

Libra con Escorpión

Estos dos signos se atraen y se gustan mucho, existe una conexión espiritual en tre ellos. Escorpión con su determinación y tenacidad le proporcionará a Libra, la confianza y la comodidad que necesita. Mientras que Libra motivará y animará a Escorpión en todos

sus proyectos, e ideas que desee llevar a cabo. La pasión entre ambos logrará mantenerse firme y les rescatará de la monotonía y la costumbre. Llegarán a amarse por un largo periodo de tiempo.

Libra con Sagitario

Aquí surgirá una gran atracción física y mucha química sexual desde el primer momento que se conozcan. El aventurero nativo de Sagitario colmará de emocio nes nuevas y de aventuras a Libra, y éste, sabrá comprender y calmar el ímpetu y el nerviosismo que a veces muestra Sagi tario en la intimidad. Si luchan por alcan zar lo que quieren en la vida, obtendrán una posición próspera, sólida y lograrán amarse, mantendrán un eterno idilio.

Libra con Capricornio

Al principio de la relación será un tanto difícil para Libra comprender el carácter de Capricornio, y a éste le costará tra bajo adaptarse a la falta de decisión que muestra Libra en ciertas ocasiones, es pecialmente a la hora de tomar la inicia tiva. Ambos buscan vivir cómodamente, libre de problemas financieros. Si dejan a un lado las diferencias y comparten experiencias, pueden llegar a realizarse como pareja. Lograrán crecer juntos.

Libra con Acuario

Acuario se muestra siempre muy activo, soñador, progresista y amante de la lib ertad, cualidades que busca Libra para sentirse totalmente enamorado de su pareja. Además, los dos se inclinan por la filosofía, lo espiritual, el buen gusto y lo desconocido. Se entenderán bien, aunque de vez en cuando los celos mu chas veces provocados por terceras per sonas serán inevitables, pero el amor que les unirá será mas fuerte que todo.

Libra con Piscis

Libra hallará muchas razones para sen tirse feliz junto al tierno y espiritual nativo de Piscis. La comprensión, la humildad y la imaginación son cualidades que les unirán de manera definitiva. En algu nas ocasiones Piscis se puede llegar a mostrar pesimista ante ciertos eventos, aun así; Libra, buscará la manera de re confortarle haciendo gala del optimismo y la fe en sí mismo que le caracteriza. Esta relación tiene mucho futuro.

Photo Credit: Dorothe / Pixabay

THE FOOD FOR THE FAITHFUL

scenes

Creando puentes de oportunidad.

East West Bank fue fruto de la necesidad de diversidad, equidad e inclusión. Nos establecimos hace casi 50 años para brindar servicio a nuestra comunidad desfavorecida. Hoy en día, somos un banco comercial líder de servicio integral, pero nuestras raíces no las hemos olvidado. Y seguiremos atendiendo sus necesidades financieras.

Juntos, llegamos más lejos.

Arturo Hilario El Observador

Some of the cornerstones of attending a football game, besides the game it self, include taking in the atmosphere, the thousands of fellow fans, the merchan dise, the libations and food. As the buzz of cheers and chatter surrounds you on a con course, you walk up to a line to order a hot dog or a lemonade and there they are, ready for your enjoyment.

Behind the scenes there are teams of peo ple that transport, make and hand you your concessions. And going even further than that, you have teams of people analyzing data, crunching the numbers, and trying to figure out what will be the best concession options for your enjoyment for your day at the stadium.

This is exactly what happens at Levi’s Sta dium, the state-of-the-art home to the San Francisco 49ers since 2014. One of the most popular of the NFL franchises, it not only houses room for tens of thousands of people on game days, but has an innovative approach to food and concessions within.

Since 2020 the 49ers have offered the Member Inclusive Menu, which includes concession items with season tickets. This allows people to have included food and beverage items on their gamedays, offering a value to those who have already invested in the team by becoming season ticket hold ers.

Alison Lu is part of the San Francisco 49ers business strategy and analytics department, and is also heavily involved in the conces sions area of the organization. She recently lifted the curtain to give insight on what it means to listen to fan and customer feed back, and continually try to refine and get the best choices for people at the football games.

With this new season already underway, Lu tells us they have made even more changes and improvements to the Member Inclu sive Menu, and to the food and beverage options in general at the stadium, to bring more choices for attendees. These changes come from analyzing data and customer satisfaction surveys.

“In general, we use the data that we collect in fan feedback to drive what our decisions are and our changes to every season to make sure that we're addressing fan feed back and making sure that the fans have a great concessions experience,” says Lu. “We heard feedback on some of our hot dogs and nachos, and so we have a new hot dog

that has, like, a brioche bun and a bigger hot dog. It's quite delicious.”

Beyond updating the classic hot dogs, which Lu says are the most popular item on the Member Inclusive Menu besides water, they’ve brought in new food partners as well, from the simple but effective nachos, by way of Tostito’s joining the stadium, to local do nut place Psycho Donuts adding their sweet and funky spin on the donut.

They join foodie favorites Hula Truck, The Chairman and Blue Line Pizza.

Other food partners have had their locations expanded within the concourse, like Mexi can restaurant Puesto and Tony G’s Pizza.

And one other interesting data point from last season: 300,000 free concessions items were distributed.

“Basically everyone who got an item for free, whether it was like water, chicken tenders, hot dogs, that was the total amount that we gave out, which is about 30,000 a game, which was pretty much to everybody who's eligible,” says Lu.

At the end of the day, all the data driven de cisions and input Lu and her team consider when adding things and changing things for concessions and merchandising is driven by making the experience of enjoying a 49ers game all that more memorable by the food, drink and merchandise options available. Especially for those faithful fans that are there the handful of home games through out the season.

“These ticket holders are the fans who are going to be with us in rain or shine, and we want to make sure that they feel valued as one of our most loyal fans. And so that's one of the reasons why we rolled out this Mem ber Inclusive Menu for the season ticket members specifically, so that they can share this experience with their families when they come through and ensure that the game day experience is really great for them and their guests.”

Lu adds, “Because the fans are only here ten days a year, right. We want to make sure that it's an unforgettable experience for them so that they keep on coming back.”

More information on the new concession offerings and the stadium in general can be found at levisstadium.com/concessions/

fan

experiences at Levi’s Stadium

Some of the updated concession options for this year are available now at San Francisco 49ers games. Photo Credit: San Francisco 49ers

Alison Lu is part of the San Francisco 49ers business strategy and analytics department, who help the stadium by analyzing data to evolve the concession and merchandise options at Levi’s Stadium. Photo Credit: San Francisco 49ers