What is IUI- All about IUI technique? The intrauterine insemination or artificial insemination (IUI) is a technique of assisted reproductive tchnology. Its purpose is to facilitate the meeting of gametes (sperm and ova) in order to increase the chances of fertilization and pregnancy, in an infertile couple. Its principle is based on the direct injection of the sperm of the spouse (Insemination with sperm of spouse = IAC) or of a donor (Insemination with sperm of donor = IAD) in the uterine cavity, in the periovulatory period.
What is IUI and its Indications? The indication for IUI technique is asked after an infertility assessment of the couple: Moderate sperm abnormalities, evidenced by a spermogram with spermocytogram (with at least 1 million mobile and progressive sperm on TMS); Mechanical or mental disorders of ejaculation or sexual intercourse (malformations, neurological pathologies, impotence etc.); Anomaly of the cervix (malformation, obstruction after laser treatment or after conization) or cervical mucus, obstructing the passage of sperm; Repeated failures of ovulation stimulation, a fortiori with a negative Hühner test (post-coital test); Idiopathic infertility; Ovarian failure; Mild endometriosis; IVF conversion or failure. An insemination with donor sperm is an option taken by some couples where the spouse has azoospermia (absence of sperm); during repeated failures of micro-injections (ICSI) related to severe sperm abnormalities or in case of certain hereditary diseases in humans. Insemination with thawed sperm is an option used if it is impossible to collect fresh sperm from the spouse on the day of the insemination (impotence problem, movement etc.).
How does an IUI Treatment Method take place? Each IUI Treatment Method cycle consists of three successive phases:
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Stimulation of ovulation : the stimulation of ovulation by gonadotropins alone or associated with Clomiphene Citrate aims to obtain one to three follicles in order to increase the chances of pregnancy and to synchronize the insemination itself with the maximum fertility period (ovulatory period). Stimulation is associated with ovulation monitoring.
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Ovulation triggering: it is usually done by an injection of HCG in the evening. This injection allows you to ovulate one or more mature follicles 36 to 40 hours later.
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Intrauterine insemination: it takes place the day after the onset of ovulation in the morning. The spouse's sperm is collected in the morning in a specialized laboratory. A period of 3 to 5 days prior abstinence is recommended. The sperm is analyzed and then prepared by the biologist. It is then introduced into a small bottle, and then quickly transported to the place of insemination. During a simple gynaecological consultation, the gynaecologist places the prepared sperm in a thin and flexible catheter. He then introduces this catheter into the uterine cavity of the patient, installed in the gynaecological position, by natural means, through the speculum. The catheter is removed and the patient lies down for about ten minutes. The gesture is completely painless. After the insemination, the patient can resume normal activity. Sex on the day of insemination or the next day may slightly increase the chances of success.
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